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GAPminder data analysis on gdp, life expectancy and child mortality

STEP 1: Choose a data set that you would like to work with.

STEP 2. Identify a specific topic of interest

STEP 3. Prepare a codebook of your own (i.e., print individual pages or copy screen and paste into a new document) from the larger codebook that includes the questions/items/variables that measure your selected topics.)

STEP 4. Identify a second topic that you would like to explore in terms of its association with your original topic.

STEP 5. Add questions/items/variables documenting this second topic to your personal codebook.

Answer to steps 1 – 5:

I selected these 3 datasets of the GAP Minder dataset: GPD, life expectancy and child mortality rate. I studied Business Administration with a heavy leaning into Macroeconomic, so a link from GDP to other criteria’s is always something of interested for me.

The first question is: With GDP getting higher does the life expectancy get better?

I would hope so, since with higher GPD the countries will have more opportunities to ensure a better health industry. However when thinking about health issues often adult health issues comes to mind like e.g. Parkinson etc.. . So I was wondering -also as I am a mother of a 9 year old son - what about the health issues that are not adult related?

So the second question is: with GDP getting higher does the child mortality rate get better? I would also like to see that the child mortality rate does go down if the GPD goes up.

I therefore created this excel file: “gdp_pcap_vs_life_expectancy_vs_child mortality” which shows the 3 criterias over the years from 1990 to 2010. It also has one tab each that explains the source and indicators and also includes the link to the original data.

STEP 6. Perform a literature review to see what research has been previously done on this topic. Use sites such as Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com) to search for published academic work in the area(s) of interest. Try to find multiple sources, and take note of basic bibliographic information.

For literature review I used   http://scholar.google.com.

For the question “With GDP getting higher does the child mortality get better?” I found two articles

*) ”Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: evidence from the EU accession candidate countries” (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0) Author: Goran Miladinov; Published in Genus, 2020 

*) “The casual nexus between child mortality rate, fertility rate, GDP, household final consumption expenditure, and food production index” (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23322039.2016.1191985). Author: Samuel Asumadu-Sarkodie &Phebe Asantewaa Owusu; Published in Cogent Economics & Finance Volume 4, 2016

*) "Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016; (IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016 (mdpi.com) Authors: Chen, Zhiheng, Yuting Ma, Junyi Hua, Yuanhong Wang, and Hongpeng Guo. 2021." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8559.

Outside of  scholar.google.com I also found this article with regard to the question “With GDP getting higher does the life expectancy get better?”

"Life Expectancy", Authors: Max Roser, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina and Hannah Ritchie (2013). Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy' [Online Resource]

Health and economic growth: Evidence from dynamic panel data of 143 years. Author: Sharma R (2018)

PLoS ONE 13(10): e0204940.

STEP 7. Based on your literature review, develop a hypothesis about what you believe the association might be between these topics. Be sure to integrate the specific variables you selected into the hypothesis.

Hypothesis: With a higher GDP the life expectancy will go up and with a higher GDP the child mortality will go down.