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RA 10175 Cyber-crime Prevention Act

The acts considered as a violations are offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems; illegal access, illegal interception  means without right of any non-public transmission of computer data,to computer system including electromagnetic emissions from a computer system carrying such computer data;  Data Interference such as  , damaging, deletion or deterioration of computer data, electronic document, or electronic data message and others.

Penalties. — Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Sections 4(a) and 4(b) of this Act shall be punished with imprisonment of prision mayor or a fine of at least Two hundred thousand pesos (PhP200,000.00) up to a maximum amount commensurate to the damage incurred or both.

Any person found guilty of the punishable act under Section 4(a)(5) shall be punished with imprisonment of prision mayor or a fine of not more than Five hundred thousand pesos (PhP500,000.00) or both.

If punishable acts in Section 4(a) are committed against critical infrastructure, the penalty of reclusion temporal or a fine of at least Five hundred thousand pesos (PhP500,000.00) up to maximum amount commensurate to the damage incurred or both, shall be imposed.

Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Section 4(c)(1) of this Act shall be punished with imprisonment of prision mayor or a fine of at least Two hundred thousand ) but not exceeding(PhPl,000,000.00) or both.

Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Section 4(c)(2) of this Act shall be punished with the penalties as enumerated in Republic Act No. 9775 or the "Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009″: Provided,That the penalty to be imposed shall be one (1) degree higher than that provided for in Republic Act No. 9775, if committed through a computer system.

Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Section 4(c)(3) shall be punished with imprisonment of arresto mayor or a fine of at least Fifty thousand pesos (PhP50,000.00) but not exceeding Two hundred fifty thousand pesos (PhP250,000.00) or both.

Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Section 5 shall be punished with imprisonment one (1) degree lower than that of the prescribed penalty for the offense or a fine of at least  pesos (PhPl00,000.00) 

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2012/ra_10175_2012.html

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RA 4200 Anti-wire Tapping Act

This act is to safeguard constitutional rights to a privacy communication. It is prohibited to use any wire or  using other devices to record, intercept, or secretly overhear any private communication or spoken word when it is unauthorized by all parties in the conversation. And Possession of any tape, wire, disc, or other record, or copies of an illegally obtained recording of a private communication and replaying an illegal recording for another person or furnishing transcripts of the communication (inquirer.net, 2016)

Any person violates in the provision act will punished by imprisonment for not less than six months or more than six years and with the accessory penalty of perpetual absolute disqualification from public office if the offender be a public official at the time of the commission of the offense, and, if the offender is an alien he shall be subject to deportation proceedings. (chanRobles group  library)

source:http://www.chanrobles.com/republicactno4200.htm#.XB7cwVUzbIU

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RA 9239 Optical Media Act

This act  mainly focuses on the penalties regarding the unregulated mastering, manufacture,replication, importation and exportation of Optical Media in all forms which inimical to economic growth and public interest.

 Offenses and Penalties. -

(a) Imprisonment of at least three (3) years but not more than six (6) years, and a fine of not less than  Php 500,000.00 but not exceeding  Php 1,500,000.00, at the discretion of the Court, shall be imposed on any person, natural or juridical, who shall:

(1) Engage in the importation, exportation, acquisition, sale or distribution of, or possess or operate manufacturing equipment, parts and accessories without the necessary licenses from the OMB;

(2) Engage in the mastering, manufacture, replication, importation or exportation of optical media without the necessary license from the OMB;

(3) By himself, or through another, cause the mastering, manufacture or replication of any intellectual property in optical media intended for commercial profit or pecuniary gain without authority or consent of the owner thereof;

(4) Engage in the Mastering, manufacture, or replication of optical media without affixing or installing in the resulting products the SID Code, and/or such other codes prescribed, assigned and authorized by the OMB. The absence of the codes prescribed, assigned and authorized by the OMB in any optical media shall be prima facie evidence that said optical media are in violation of this Act;

(5) Engage in the mastering, manufacture, or replication of optical media using, affixing or installing in the resulting products false SID or other codes. The presence of false or unauthorized codes shall be prima facie evidence that said optical media are in violation of this act;

(6) Engage in the mastering, manufacture, or replication of optical media using, affixing or installing in the resulting products false SID or other codes that have been assigned by the OMB to another person, or, having been assigned and authorized said codes by the OMB, allow or authorize another person, establishment or entity to use, affix or install such codes in the latter's products;

(b) Imprisonment of at least one year but not more than three years and a fine not less than one hundred thousand pesos, but not exceeding five hundred thousand pesos, at the discretion of the court, for the following offenses:

(1) Engaging in the importation, exportation, sale or distribution of, or possess or acquire in commercial quantities manufacturing materials used or intended for use in the mastering, manufacture or replication of optical media without the necessary licenses from the OMB;

(2) Knowingly performing or rendering the service of mastering, manufacture or replication of optical media, after having been licensed by the OMB, to any person, in respect of any intellectual property, who does not have the consent by the owner of the intellectual property or his representatives or assigns;

For this purpose, any person, establishment or entity that is licensed by the OMB to engage in the above mentioned activities shall be considered to have acted in good faith in respect of any transaction entered into by him in respect to the preceding paragraph, if he notifies the OMB of such transaction within five working days from receipt of the order, furnishing to the OMB all material information thereof;

(3) Refusing to submit to inspection by the OMB, or surrender for preventive custody any optical media, equipment, manufacturing materials, including parts, accessories and paraphernalia found during inspection operations to be in violation of the provisions of this Act;

For purposes of this subsection, violators who will employ armed resistance against agents of the OMB shall be penalized under other applicable laws in addition to those provide in this Act; and

(a) Imprisonment of at least 30 days but not more than 90 days or a fine of not less than 25,000.00 pesos but not exceeding fifty thousand pesos at the discretion of the court:

(1) Knowingly possess items of the same content or title, produced in violation of this Act, and used for the purpose with the intent to profit;

(2) Engaging in the sale, rental, distribution, importation, exportation of, or any other commercial activity involving optical media that are in violation of this Act.

(b) For subsequent offenses in Section 19(a), uniform imprisonment of six (6) years but not more than nine (9) years and a fine of not less than One Million five hundred thousand pesos (Php 1,500,000.00) but not exceeding Three million pesos (Php 3,000,000.00) at the discretion of the Court, shall be imposed.

(c) For subsequent offenses in Section 19(b), uniform imprisonment of three (3) years but not more than six (6) years and a fine of not less than Five hundred thousand pesos (Php 500,000.00) but not exceeding One million five hundred pesos (PHp 1,500,000.00) at the discretion of the Court, shall be imposed.

https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2004/ra_9239_2004.html

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RA 8484 Access Devices Regulation Act

Prohibited Acts. – The following acts shall constitute access device fraud and are hereby declared to be unlawful:

(a) producing, using, trafficking in one or more counterfeit access devices;

(b) trafficking in one or more unauthorized access devices or access devices fraudulently applied for;

(c) using, with intent to defraud, an unauthorized access device;

(d) using an access device fraudulently applied for;

(e) possessing one or more counterfeit access devices or access devices fraudulently applied for;

(f) producing, trafficking in, having control or custody of, or possessing device-making or altering equipment without being in the business or employment, which lawfully deals with the manufacture, issuance, or distribution of such equipment;

(g) inducing, enticing, permitting or in any manner allowing another, for consideration or otherwise to produce, use, traffic in counterfeit access devices, unauthorized access devices or access devices fraudulently applied for;

(h) multiple imprinting on more than one transaction record, sales slip or similar document, thereby making it appear that the device holder has entered into a transaction other than those which said device holder had lawfully contracted for, or submitting, without being an affiliated merchant, an order to collect from the issuer of the access device, such extra sales slip through an affiliated merchant who connives therewith, or, under false pretenses of being an affiliated merchant, present for collection such sales slips, and similar documents;

(i) disclosing any information imprinted on the access device, such as, but not limited to, the account number or name or address of the device holder, without the latter's authority or permission;

(j) obtaining money or anything of value through the use of an access device, with intent to defraud or with intent to gain and fleeing thereafter;

(k) having in one's possession, without authority from the owner of the access device or the access device company, an access device, or any material, such as slips, carbon paper, or any other medium, on which the access device is written, printed, embossed, or otherwise indicated;

(l) writing or causing to be written on sales slips, approval numbers from the issuer of the access device of the fact of approval, where in fact no such approval was given, or where, if given, what is written is deliberately different from the approval actually given;

m) making any alteration, without the access device holder's authority, of any amount or other information written on the sales slip;

(n) effecting transaction, with one or more access devices issued to another person or persons, to receive payment or any other thing of value;

(o) without the authorization of the issuer of the access device, soliciting a person for the purpose of:

1) offering an access device; or

2) selling information regarding or an application to obtain an access device; or

(p) without the authorization of the credit card system member or its agent, causing or arranging for another person to present to the member or its agent, for payment, one or more evidence or records of transactions made by credit card.

Penalties. – Any person committing any of the acts constituting access device fraud enumerated in the immediately preceding section shall be punished with:

(a) a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) or twice the value obtained by the offense, whichever is greater and imprisonment for not less than six (6) years and not more than ten (10) years, in the case of an offense under Section 9 (b)-(e), and (g)-(p) which does not occur after a conviction for another offense under Section 9;

(b) a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) or twice the value obtained by the offense, and imprisonment for not less than ten (10) years and for not more than twelve (12) years, in the case of an offense under Section 9 (a), and (f) of the foregoing section, which does not occur after a conviction for another offense under Section 9; and

(c) a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) or twice the value obtained by the offense, or imprisonment for not less than twelve (12) years and not more than twenty (20) years, or both, in the case of any offense under Section 9, which occurs after a conviction for another offense under said subsection, or an

Exceptions. – The disclosures required under Section 4 of this Act may be omitted in any telephone solicitation or application if the credit card issuer:

(a) does not impose any fee in connection with paragraph (b)(1), Section 4 of this Act;

(b) does not impose any fee in connection with telephone solicitation unless the consumer signifies acceptance by using the card;

(c) discloses clearly the information described in Section 4 of this Act in writing within thirty (30) days after the consumer requests the card, but in no event later than the date of delivery of the card; and

(d) discloses clearly that the consumer is not obligated to accept the card or account and the consumer will not be obligated to pay any fees or charges disclosed unless the consumer elects to accept the card or account by using the card.

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1998/ra_8484_1998.html

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RA 8792 E-commerce Act of 2000

This act has a vital role of information and communications technology (ICT) in nation-building which need to create an information-friendly environment that supports and ensures the availability, diversity and affordability of ICT products and services. Its primary responsibility  private sector in contributing investments and services in telecommunications and information technology; the need to develop, with appropriate training programs and institutional policy changes, human resources for the information technology age, a labor force skilled in the use of ICT and a population capable of operating and utilizing electronic appliances and computers; its obligation to facilitate the transfer and promotion of technology; to ensure network security, connectivity and neutrality of technology for the national benefit; and the need to marshal, organize and deploy national information infrastructures, comprising in both telecommunications network and strategic information services, including their interconnection to the global information networks, with the necessary and appropriate legal, financial, diplomatic and technical framework, systems and facilities.

However, some people take advantages on its accessibility in ICT for  ) Hacking or crackling,  Piracy or the unauthorized copying, reproduction, dissemination, or distribution, importation, use, removal, alteration, substitution, modification, storage, uploading, downloading, communication, making available to the public, or broadcasting of protected material, electronic signature or copyrighted works including legally protected sound recordings or phonographs or information material on protected work.

Penalties. - The following Acts, shall be penalized by fine and/or imprisonment, as follows:

(a) Hacking or crackling with refers to unauthorized access into or interference in a computer system/server or information and communication system; or any access in order to corrupt, alter, steal, or destroy using a computer or other similar information and communication devices, without the knowledge and consent of the owner of the computer or information and communications system, including the introduction of computer viruses and the like, resulting in the corruption, destruction, alteration, theft or loss of electronic data messages or electronic documents shall be punished by a minimum fine of One Hundred Thousand pesos (P 100,000.00) and a maximum commensurate to the damage incurred and a mandatory imprisonment of six (6) months to three (3) years;

(b) Piracy or the unauthorized copying, reproduction, dissemination, or distribution, importation, use, removal, alteration, substitution, modification, storage, uploading, downloading, communication, making available to the public, or broadcasting of protected material, electronic signature or copyrighted works including legally protected sound recordings or phonograms or information material on protected works, through the use of telecommunication networks, such as, but not limited to, the internet, in a manner that infringes intellectual property rights shall be punished by a minimum fine of one hundred thousand pesos (P 100,000.00) and a maximum commensurate to the damage incurred and a mandatory imprisonment of six (6) months to three (3) years;

(c) Violations of the Consumer Act of Republic Act No. 7394 and other relevant to pertinent laws through transaction covered by or using electronic data messages or electronic documents, shall be penalized with the same penalties as provided in those laws;

(d) Other violations of the provisions of this Act, shall be penalized with a maximum penalty of one million pesos (P 1,000,000.00) or six (6) years imprisonment

In assessing the evident weight of an electronic data message or electronic document, the reliability of the manner in which it was generated, stored or communicated, the reliability of the manner in which its originator was identified, and other relevant factors shall be given due regard.

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2000/ra_8792_2000.html

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RA 9995 Anti-photo & video Voyeurism Act

This act violates the dignity and  privacy of every human person and experience disrespectful for human rights. Where those taking  photo or video coverage of a person or group of persons performing sexual act or any similar activity or capturing an image of the private area of a person/s such as the naked or undergarment clad genitals, public area, buttocks or female breast without the consent of the person/s involved and under circumstances in which the person/s has/have a reasonable expectation of privacy. Reproducing a copies,  selling or distributing and even publishing or broadcasting  through VCD/DVD, internet, cellular phones and other similar means or device are prohibited acts.

For those people will violates, they will be imprisonment  not less that 3 years but not more than 7 years and a fine of not less than s 100,000 but,not more than 500,000.00, or both, at the discretion of the court shall be imposed upon any person found guilty of violating Section 4 of this Act. If the violator is a juridical person, its license or franchise shall be automatically be deemed revoked and the persons liable shall be the officers thereof including the editor and reporter in the case of print media, and the station manager, editor and broadcaster in the case of a broadcast media.If the offender is a public officer or employee, or a professional, he/she shall be administratively liable.If the offender is an alien, he/she shall be subject to deportation proceedings after serving his/her sentence and payment of fines.

Thus, where many cases in the Philippines take pictures or videos with or without permission that most happen in a relationship. Recording sexual acts and censored pictures which been share or post in social medias. The easy accessibility through technology it caused rapid spread of information from different places. This act, affects the names and reputation of women that their live in partner or husband acted.

source: https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2010/ra_9995_2010.html

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RA No. 8293- Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

This is an essential law in the Philippines for the development of domestic and creative activity,  facilitates transfer of technology, attracts foreign investments, and ensures market access for our products. That will  protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors, artists and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when valuable to a person. And a policy of the State to streamline administrative procedures of registering patents, trademarks and copyright, to liberalize the registration on the transfer of technology, and to enhance the enforcement of intellectual property rights in the Philippines. 

Hence, some of these acts consider as a violation  such as  infringement with regard to patents, copyright, and trademarks, and “misappropriation” with respect to trade secrets, can be a breach of civil law or criminal law an enforcement.  Patent infringement is the using or selling of a patented invention without permission from the patent holder where  people in other countries may be free to exploit the patented invention in their country.  Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without the permission of the copyright holder. This typically violates the exclusive rights of the copyright holder, including: the right to reproduce, distribute, display, perform the work, or make derivative works.  Trademark infringement is a violation of the exclusive rights attached to a trademark without the authorization of the trademark owner or any licensees of the trademark ( Hannah Konitshek  2015)

Any person infringing of these rights secured by provisions  Act or aiding or abetting such infringement shall be guilty of a crime punishable by: (a) Imprisonment of one (1) year to three (3) years plus a fine ranging from Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000) to One hundred fifty thousand pesos (P150,000) for the first offense.(b) Imprisonment of three (3) years and one (1) day to six (6) years plus a fine ranging from One hundred fifty thousand pesos (P150,000) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000) for the second offense.© Imprisonment of six (6) years and one (1) day to nine (9) years plus a fine ranging from five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000) to One million five hundred thousand pesos (P1,500,000) for the third and subsequent offenses. whereas, an action under this law copyright shall be presumed to subsist in the work or other subject matter to which the action relates if the defendant does not put in issue the question whether copyright subsists in the work or other subject matter; and  where the subsistence of the copyright is established, the plaintiff shall be presumed to be the owner of the copyright if he claims to be the owner of the copyright and the defendant does not put in issue the question of his ownership. Moreover, where the defendant, without good faith, puts in issue the questions of whether copyright subsists in a work or other subject matter to which the action relates, or the ownership of copyright in such work or subject matter ( lawPhil.net).

This law can be improve by  promoting the diffusion of knowledge and information for the promotion of national development and progress and the common good. People must bear with their actions in social, economic political, and industrial property. 

 soures; https://www.lawgives.com/guide/54b045407777770ce4750000/Intellectual+Property+Infringement+Misappropriation+and+Enforcement

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1997/ra_8293_1997.html

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RA 9775 Anti-child Pornography Act

These are some acts considered as a violation when any person (a)  hire, employ, use, persuade, induce or coerce a child to perform in the creation or production of any form of child pornography (b)  possess a with the intent to sell, distribute, publish, or broadcast ©  For film distributors, theaters and telecommunication companies, by themselves or in cooperation with other entities, to distribute any form of child pornography (d)  For a parent, legal guardian or person having custody or control of a child to knowingly permit the child to engage, participate or assist in any form of child pornography (e) engaging  in the luring,  or grooming and  pandering of any form of child pornography.

Moreover, the penalties and sanction of any person possess child pornography will  suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua and a fine of not less than Php 2,000,000.00 but not more than  Php 5,000,000.00. For the penalty of prision mayor in its maximum period and a fine of  not more than Php 500,000.00. the penalty of prision mayor in its maximum period and a fine of not more than Php 500,000.00.  The penalty of arresto mayor in its minimum period and a fine of not more than Php 100,000.00 and other.

This law can be improved by having high security with cooperation of government and technological professional where the connection between people that could be tracked and easily banned. Since, the guidance among parents or elder ones not always be sure , wherein current cases in Philippines typically under poverty, their child used by parents for negotiating with foreigner that faced them in a computer to have a sexual scene. And where some parents, the one teach their children engage in those acts. 

source: https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2009/ra_9775_2009.html

  RA 9995 Anti-photo & video Voyeurism Act

This act violates the dignity and  privacy of every human person and experience disrespectful for human rights. Where those taking  photo or video coverage of a person or group of persons performing sexual act or any similar activity or capturing an image of the private area of a person/s such as the naked or undergarment clad genitals, public area, buttocks or female breast without the consent of the person/s involved and under circumstances in which the person/s has/have a reasonable expectation of privacy. Reproducing a copies,  selling or distributing and even publishing or broadcasting  through VCD/DVD, internet, cellular phones and other similar means or device are prohibited acts.

For those people will violates, they will be imprisonment  not less that 3 years but not more than 7 years and a fine of not less than s 100,000 but,not more than 500,000.00, or both, at the discretion of the court shall be imposed upon any person found guilty of violating Section 4 of this Act. If the violator is a juridical person, its license or franchise shall be automatically be deemed revoked and the persons liable shall be the officers thereof including the editor and reporter in the case of print media, and the station manager, editor and broadcaster in the case of a broadcast media.If the offender is a public officer or employee, or a professional, he/she shall be administratively liable.If the offender is an alien, he/she shall be subject to deportation proceedings after serving his/her sentence and payment of fines.

Thus, where many cases in the Philippines take pictures or videos with or without permission that most happen in a relationship. Recording sexual acts and censored pictures which been share or post in social medias. The easy accessibility through technology it caused rapid spread of information from different places. This act, affects the names and reputation of women that their live in partner or husband acted.

source: https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2010/ra_9995_2010.html

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“Candle Vendors”

             Arturo Luz is a Filipino Modernist painter, sculptor, printmaker which creates masterpiece that represents an ideal sublime authority in expression and form. From the carnival series of the late 1950s to recent Cyclist painting, Luz produced works that elevated aesthetics vision to new heights of sophisticated simplicity. By a prestigious influence over the generation of Filipino artist, Luz inspired and developed a Filipino artistic community that nurtured impeccable designs. Among of his major artworks are Candle Vendors, Bagong Taon, Cities of Past, and other artworks.

                 Arturo Luz’s artwork “Candle Vendors” an oil painted artwork that contains such artistry and prestigious work of art which generally shows entitled by the artwork’s title itself, three Filipino women who makes candles and sell them on markets for a living. And painted during in the period of 1952-1954 and with a landscape size of 77 x123 centimeters or 30.3 x 48.4 inches. The artist applied the elements of art in this canvas that shows the spaces within the piece of each figure that was painted in the canvas such as the spaces of gap between the women of how accurate the place where they are positioned by the painter, the candles that are positioned at the front and the background, thus each figure was shown have exact placement by the artist to be able to show the essence of the painting; the lines that consists the artwork shows a direction which is the diagonal, straight, vertical and horizontal and each is present in the artwork, this then leads to the forming of the shape within the artwork which shows an organic and geometrical shapes that forms the piece into one art; its smooth texture indicates the artist used of oil paintings that forms this artwork; and with the color that gives the life of the piece which for this artwork mostly consist of dark colors and light colors on some figures in the piece, and with the colors that forms the artwork positively affects by the light it is expose to, and with its value, the light and dark colors blends the right way with the specific shades of the color and that forms an equal balance of both colors that are applicable to each other to form the beauty of the artwork in terms of its colors.

           With this piece of artwork by Arturo Luz and his type of art which he paints the everyday living of the Filipinos of their day to day lives of reality, he depicts by his artwork the nature of common Filipino activities that he saw around Quiapo, Manila where he saw random people who sells a lot of things such as the candles, and which he also saw poverty around the area for selling cheap things for a living, thus shows him raising awareness for poverty through his artworks such as these specific artwork, the candle vendors, and the candles symbolizes as the light path of every one’s darkness.

           Overall, the artwork of Arturo Luz would make a huge change of perspective within people with his artwork of “Candle Vendors” depending on what the person or the audience see and interprets with his artwork.

“First Light”

           Arturo Luz (b. 1926) has been a painter, sculptor, and designer who was conferred the National Artist Award in 1997. Luz created masterpieces that exemplify an ideal of sublime austerity in expression and form. From the Carnival series of the late 1950s to the recent Cyclist paintings, Luz produced works that elevated Filipino aesthetic vision to new heights of sophisticated simplicity. (Ayala, 2017)

From the artwork of Arturo Luz’s First Light, the painting traces an arc from the genre, color, and pictorial representation of Luz’s early works in the 1950”s to the muted colors and simplified lines and shapes of the 1960’s. According to Manila Art Scene, In 1952, Arturo Luz created a series of paintings that marked the beginning os his life as a professional artist. The paintings from this time typically depict scenes from Philippine Life. From that very first figurative phase, Luz in the 1960”s then progressed from exuberance of color and subject to a simplification into line and form. The transition of his work into having a more minimal and architectural dimension would later become the hallmark of his work. The elements found in the artwork are various elements that symbolize what a contemporary art should be. The appropriation of the artwork is an evident element because of the revival of the interesting forms of art, The lines and the forms were not used in a normal or usual way. Another element found is the space of the piece, there is this presence of space or emptiness and not too overly painted in a manner which you would see the painting in a minimalist point of view. The space of the artwork is seemingly comfortable. Next element is the lines, where by definition, it is a series of points in an art piece. It has the evidence of dynamism, loftiness and the calmness, all at the same time. It was brought together but in a harmonious visual manner. The shape and the form is very geometrical and abstract but brought together of such excellent time. Here, it is not just an art piece but it is rather one of the many highlights of the art piece because the lines somehow are the main visual art form you could see in the picture. In this artwork, it suggests the notoriously reticent and media-shy Mr. Luz has grown more enigmatic over time, while his work has become more minimal, his palette more austere, and his expression has been more direct as he aims for Da Vinci’s ideal of the simplicity as the ultimate sophistication.

The paint actually completes a cycle that is alternating between the objects and the pictorial reality. The transition from picture to painting is complete at its finest. We are actually fixed with an object which speaks entirely in plastic terms, with little or no reference to the visible world, where the lines and the shapes and its colors are made to conform for their own sake, existing in just a visually created reality of its own. These serpentine lines of the painter actually represent him as an artist because most of his artworks are created using line that come in many shapes and sizes and then varied in one drawing.Hence, the symbolization present in the artwork called “First Light” is the starting point of the success of the paintor because he was still in his early teens when he first painted and given that it was in the 1950’s he was creative and loves to explore new things during that time, unlike other typical artists that would stick to tradition. Just like the lines of the man. The man was not made using soft, curvy lines but rather they are made with diagonal, vertical and horizontal lines that would result as the body of the person painting hence, it somehow symbolizes his hardwork over the past years of living as a paintor. There was a synchronization of the creativity and the lines of the artwork and its clarity of the message regarding the objective of the artist is quite evident. Overall, the contemporary art of Mr. Arturo Luz is very unique in a way that its contemporary elements of art are used in a different explorative, yet interesting manner. It is truly a masterpiece which gives satisfaction to the person seeing the artwork. The touch of an Asian looking architecture in its simplest, yet intricate form. The presence of the different kinds of materials were used for construction, hence it was a painting that is displayed through photographs which can be considered as a contemporary art nowadays, alongside with installation art.

 Source of Informations: Ayala Museum Website and Press Reader

“Bagong Taon”

           Artuo Luz made or painted the “Bagong Taon” in 1997. The technique that Arturo Luz used to make the painting is called Screen Printing or commonly called as Serigraphy, in which a mesh is used to move or transfer the ink on the substrate or the canvas, except areas wherein it is impermeable to the ink by blocking stencil. To fill the open mesh apertures with ink, A blade or squeegee is used and moved across the screen… The artwork or painting was measured to be 54.5 x 40 cm. The Artwork is composed of different Elements of Arts, such as lines, shapes and forms, color, and texture. The artist Arturo Luz used geometric shapes such as triangle, circle/oblong and other shapes.

In the Artwork “Bagong Taon” by Arturo Luz portrays three people sharing one bicycle with one person tooting his/her paper horn. It might be because Arturo Luz was reminded or reminiscing his childhood memories where he and his friends would ride the bicycle and stroll around the town, since in the artwork, it shows 3 people riding the bicycle and seems to be enjoying their stroll by tooting on the paper horn. The Artwork may also portray how the Filipinos are fond of overusing things such as a two seater bicycle would be used by 3 person such as in the Artwork wherein the third person is seating on the handlebar which is supposed to be the control of the bicycle. And this is a pretty common thing in the Philippines, not just in bicycles but also in jeepneys or cars, therefore the artist Arturo Luz may be referring to the practices of the Filipinos.

Overall the Artwork of Arturo Luz entitled “Bagong Taon” is simple. Since it does not involve complex design that would lead the viewers into questioning what is that artwork or something like that, the Artwork has a simple design which has a direct to the point effect to the viewer wherein they would be able to guess what is that form or what is the artwork all about. Even if the artwork is simple it has a great expression to the message or form it portrays since the design and the composition is not complex that would lead the viewers into confusion. The idea which the artist tries to portrait is delivered well by using some of the elements of art such as line, shapes and forms, and colors to make the structure or the form which is 3 people riding the bicycle, the elements blended well and ended with a clear form of the figure/structure.

           The Artwork used different elements of art such as lines, shape and form, color, and texture, wherein it builds most of the structure of the art. For lines, horizontal, vertical, and diagonal builds most of the structure such as the bicycle’s frame or body and the body of the people riding the bicycle. For the shape and forms, geometric shapes were used by Arturo Luz to also build the structure of the human and the bicycle such as circles for the wheels and oval or circle like for the head. For the Color, the artwork is pleasing to the eyes for it light or that the colors are cool to the eyes. For the Texture, the artwork has somewhat clay looking surface or is it because it is an oil painting, but it does has some texture that is pleasurable for the eyes. The overall design elements is simple, it is not complex that would lead to the confusion of the viewers, which results to the clear portrayal of the figure or the structure.

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: ICT as a Platform for Change

1. As a Digital Citizen, it is important to know and understand the different elements of Digital Citizenships such as Digital access, commerce, literacy, etiquette, law, rights and responsibilities, communication, security and health through their function, advantages, disadvantages and use. Perhaps, this generation teenager engagement with digital technology and social media amplifies, become worst due to the misuse and abuse of some arrogant individuals that they have to do things unhealthy to themselves. Exposed with digital systems, can be beneficial too which allow to teach students to be safe, responsible, and respectful. 

2.   DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 

 Definition:  Digital Communication is where information encoded digitally and transferred to the recipient via texting, emailing, fax, teleconferencing and video conferencing.   

Importance:   It is important because it could have done over long distance places. With this element of digital citizenship, it cannot give hassle to communicate in our family, friends, work since digital electronics simply perform high of operation which is possible due to advances in Digital Signal Processing.  

 Advantages:  - It is digitally faster and easier to exchange information via mobile phones, internet and other forms of transmission.   -  Possibility of complexity, where people can share and exchange information through multiple means including digital transmission system. -Less accumulation of noise from source. - With digital signal process , data compression and image processing .   

Disadvantage: many people misuse the efficiency of Digital Communication. Particular cyber bullying, harassment, sending or publishing threatening or offensive material, spreading damaging rumors, and sending or publishing sensitive personal information, such as embarrassing photos and videos.   

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Interactive Multimedia

Phet is an interactive simulation project at University of Colorado Boulder, which is nowan open education source that their mission is, “To advance science and math literacy, education worldwide through free interactive simulation”. According to Dr. Kathy Perkins (2018), phet composed of hundred interactive simulation and learning science in the field of Physics, Biology, Chemistry, Earth Science and Mathematics.  They made a designed which is flexible to everyone that can use for lecture demonstration, labs or homework activities where it is a free web allows to run and download.  Also, the simulation connects between rea-life phenomena which can manipulate by ourselves.   The develop design for simulation, are animated, interactive, and embedded of game and challenges environment. Which mean, Phet contributed advantages and effective way to help students in their studies. The following figure shows as sample what Phet application composed:

This is their official site https://phet.colorado.edu/ , that its registered domain is .edu which accredited degree-granting institutions of higher learning. A trusted and safe web or application for everyone  .

Quipper is an education online platform for teachers and students. Also a free web application that has two part such as LINK for teachers, and LEARN for students. Link is where teachers manage their classes online and check students' progress. These are things teachers do use quipper: Send assignments and practice examinations, create educational content, view and download analytics, work alone or together. Learn is where students study. It's packed with features that make learning safe and fun: Assignments and general study,  students can work on specific topics proscribed by their teachers or study any part of their curriculum independently, In-built messaging , they can stay in contact with our in-built messaging service, which allows students to highlight specific questions or topics that they need assistance with, and  modified features , gave a  rewards  with redeemable coins, allows them to customize their learning environment, and check how their classmates are getting on the Timeline. Additional, quipper also featuring via videos and study notes which guides and use as reviewer for their lessons

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Google Tool

Question: What Google Tool is best for you and why? You may include situation where it is helpful in work, school or community.

The Google tool had made best and had big impact in work, school or community is Google Maps. Wherein, it features two dimensional view such street and traffic conditions. Also, it has a potential to locate in any various direction for a particular areas and places with given a time and offers optional possibilities to arrive or get from the place through bus, private vehicle, airplane, bicycles and barefoot. According to Stipp, Horst, in United States most popular mapping application from April 2018 is Google Maps which more than 150 million users accessed in this application. It became helpful from them, since can interface with mobile technology to find their direction and others through turning our Global Positioning System (GPS) tracked his or her location.  Today’s generation, young teenagers such boys and girls want to join with their friends in other places where parents had much worried with their sons and daughters’ safety. But, with the tool from Google, parents had less worried where they could find through tracking.  

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Online Safety, Security, Ethics, and Etiquette

Before, I always post in my social media like Facebook, I have been posting photos where we went to a vacation, had a competitions and other personal events without checking the setting in my account, publicly seen my timeline. At the moment being a reckless person, there were some I confirm their requested to be my friend, but couple of days I had received many of messages which I experienced talking with strangers. Also, some I had received some rude, scurrilousness or nasty, cruel messages and videos. Moreover, I used to accept terms and condition, to download a pirated movie, games and application. Without the knowledge of how and where to download the safe and proper application or website, there are a lot of appearing advertisements, applications, where one day I click some of them because of curiosity. The laptop was affected by viruses and corrupted some files.

From the experiences before, I learned a lot of things that I realized and taught the proper ways using internet. Such being aware of posting of personal information in any different social media, never talk to strangers, be conscious in every decision and action to make like being not easy person to trust something and someone given to you.  In addition, the lesson discussed little while ago is essential in the way of knowing the different types of internet threats. I am happy to know about it, since I have no enough knowledge of applications and websites. I also learned about online safety, security, ethics and etiquette that I should be remind always. Till now, my accounts are in a private setting, minimizing posting of photos, feelings or emotion, adventure and other events.

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Information Communication and Technology

1. Which sector (business, education, energy, health, entertainment, manufacturing, construction and etc.) do you think had the biggest impact in terms of effect of ICT in the Philippines? Give a brief statement explaining how did this sector contributed from ICT.

I think the sector that had biggest impact in terms of effects of ICT in the Philippines is media industry sector. Media is intended to reach and address a large target group or audience within these different types of media industry such as publishing, video games, audio, streaming media, film, music, interactive media, graphic, theater and art, events are most influential and adaptable in the industry of Philippines today. Through the integration of digital media allows people to interact with the internet that make an easy accessible to receive and know its new trends or updates from software application, smartphones, video games and social media. According to a Quiambao, the Philippine telecommunications industry remains firm and is a major contributor to the country’s economy. Continuous upgrade of communications tools contributes to the growth of the ICT industry, particularly in mobile as of the end of 2015, there are 116.8 million subscribers with a penetration rate of 116 percent. And the two major telecommunication carrier: Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) and Globe Telecom improvise digital fiber optic to transmit telephone signals, Internet communication and cable television signals. In addition, Social media changed people’s way of communication which connect with others or build relationship, sharing of expertise, increase the visibility, educate and connect anytime through cyberspace

2.  Name an application or website that helped you in your life as a person and also tell how this application or website helped you.

Google Chrome Application is the most dependent source that I could tell it helps my daily life. It is a free Internet web browser that features including synchronization with Google service and accounts, tabbed browsing which allow to browse with multiple web pages in a single window, can translate and spell check and its integrated address bar. It offers a private browsing option that gives a temporary control over the browsing footprint and session identity. In addition, I used Google Chrome in such way for homework, projects and personal interests and purposes. It is a convenient software that provide information and assess for academics, and other tasks that easy to use through web browsing that allow us to access and view various websites.