pastelskies08
10 posts
For Biology 11 Labs and Observations
Don't wanna be here? Send us removal request.
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A picture of the Dichotomous Key in case you can’t see it in the slide.
This is my Species Inventory of a Natural Place.
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Camosun Bog History and Importance - Works Cited
"Camosun Bog." YouTube, uploaded by MetroVancouver, 1 Mar. 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSrEhGSnhiY. Accessed 31 May 2020.
"Camosun Bog: Member of the Musqueam Nation (Larry Grant)." YouTube, uploaded by David SuzukiFDN, 10 Dec. 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6K7jASVzl8. Accessed 31 May 2020.
"The Double-Headed Serpent." Vimeo, uploaded by DeadPixel, 2016, vimeo.com/157540577. Accessed 31 May 2020.
"Larry Grant: Not Belonging (produced by CCS)." YouTube, uploaded by Chinesecanadianubc, 11 Mar. 2012, youtu.be/VsoPvOnB9sA. Accessed 31 May 2020.
Sparrow, Brent. "The Musqueam (Double-headed Serpent Post) Dedicated at UBC." The University of British Columbia, 11 Apr. 2016, fnel.arts.ubc.ca/the-musqueam-s%CA%94i%C9%ACq%C9%99y%CC%93-qeq%C9%99n-double-headed-serpent-post-dedicated-at-ubc/. Accessed 31 May 2020.
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Camosun Bog History and Importance
The Camosun Bog that was created 5000 years ago by a block of ice has its importance and values by many people. In 1929, Vancouver added and created drains in the Camosun Bog, which made the bog end up being dry. Because of that, new plants like Hemlocks grew all over the bog. Therefore, in 1991, many trees were pulled out. Sphagnum moss ended up being planted. When the bog was in critical and dangerous conditions, many students from different schools decided to volunteer and restore the bog. As many students volunteered to help the bog, they distinguished the difference in peats. It is interesting because peats that are lighter show that they don’t have enough nutrients and therefore need to stay in the soil. However, some peats that are darker in colour must be pulled out because they have too many nutrients. They only get too many nutrients when plants die and decay. The volunteers who devote all their time and energy to restore the bog call themselves the “Crazy Boggers” because they want to help for the restoration of the bog. The Camosun Bog Restoration group has helped create and re-establish the Camosun Bog. For over 14 years, the volunteers have used an estimate of thirty thousand hours to help restore the bog. They have helped a great deal in saving the beautiful bog as the Camosun bog has made people around appreciate the nature, peacefulness, calmness, and quietness it brings.
The Camosun Bog is extremely important to the Musqueam people as it has had a long history with them. Larry Grant, who is a member of the Musqueam Indian Band has explained why it is so important. Bogs are beautiful nature areas that are not only important to the Musqueam people, but it is also important to the Musqueam history. They find it very easy to connect with bogs. When Larry Grant was asked about how the Musqueam people feel about the smaller size of the bog, he answered it with two answers. He explained that he understood the purpose of reducing the size of the bog for urbanization, but he also knew that the Western cultures wanted to remove them because they thought the space was useless. It was evident that to non-cultural people, the bog meant nothing, and removing the land was not a problem. However, to those who are cultural, especially the Musqueam, their minds are filled with confusion as to why a land or place full of life would need to be destroyed. Losing the bog is equivalent to erasing all the stories that are within the Musqueam people and their history. It is like erasing the only evidence Musqueam people have with them when they want to tell stories. They can’t physically point out that they have a special place. Without the bog, their cultural identity would be completely destroyed. Larry Grant mentioned that he wishes to see the bog grow and see more and new Indigenous plants. He believes that by having an expanded bog with indigenous plants, can teach people around what the important values of the bog and the First Nations people. He expressed happily that he wants people who are interested in the bog to be able to walk down a path to see the beautiful living things and ducks.
Elder Larry Grant has gone through a lot in his childhood which formed him to be the way he is today. He is a language keeper of the Musqueam people, and he is from the Musqueam First Nations. Larry Grant is a mix of half Chinese and half Indian with his dad being Chinese from Guangdong province in China and with his mom being an Indian. His parents met when Larry’s father moved from China to Canada. Larry’s father and mother ended up being together even though there was an Indian Act going on. It resulted in working out in the end and therefore, Larry Grant’s mother gave birth to four children, one of which was Larry. He was the second child and was always known as “number two”. Larry learned growing up that the oldest brother would rule and have control over everything. He needed to always have his brother’s permission to do certain things. Since he couldn’t control anything, he learned on his own to be independent, but there was always a feeling of sadness for him because he knew that he would never be number 1. Because he wasn’t allowed to do much, he was always thinking about his future. He didn’t know what to choose since he wasn’t number 1. However, he knew he had the chance of becoming a farmer, but that thought didn’t interest him. He felt that he wasn’t going to do well with that because he knew farmers needed to put all their effort in their job working twenty-four hours a day. It especially gave him chills because he knew during the harvest time, farmers needed to work at least twenty hours a day. When it came to going to school, Larry took fifteen years to graduate from school. He spent two years in kindergarten. Within those two years, he experienced two different things. Firstly, he finally understood what it was like to be in school and secondly, he understood what it felt like to be a foster child. The strongest feeling he felt was the fact he wasn’t able to connect and feel like he could belong in his family. He said he felt “not belonging to that family”. There were many things he wasn’t allowed to do, but the family’s real children could. Larry felt indignant and decided to ask his mom if he could go to school in other places like his cousins’, who were Indian. However, he was given a straightforward answer of no and that he wasn’t allowed because he wasn’t Indian. He didn’t belong with the Indians. Instead, he was known as Chinese. Those words of, “You don’t belong in the Indian school” scarred him and truly made him feel that he didn’t belong. Another time he felt that he didn’t belong was when he was sent to a Chinese couple. It was plainly a feeling of not belonging in the family. However, Larry didn’t take his experience as a negative part of his life. He came out of the experience with positive thoughts instead. Larry also remembered his grandfather’s life and how he was a wealthy man. He knew that his grandfather was a great Aboriginal man who did a lot for his community. At first, he was confused as to why they were a poor family when his grandfather was a wealthy man, but soon he realized that his grandfather gave away everything and only kept what he needed. His grandfather wanted to give Larry’s family a new start. Not belonging is a feeling that everyone goes through in life and sharing his story of being half-Chinese and half-Indian was something Larry Grant wanted to do. Something he wanted to do so people out in the world can acknowledge and be inspired.
The double-headed serpent is a very special animal towards the Musqueam people, and it is part of their history. This unique serpent was what created the Musqueam people. It came from the Camosun Bog and created a creek as its large, heavy body created a pathway for every direction it took. Coming from the lake, every place it went, the water followed it and therefore created the creek. Every living thing or object that the serpent passed by died, but it also created a new plant, the məθkʷəy̓. From the pole at the University of British Columbia, it is a very important artifact for the Musqueam people. It represents the Musqueam people, but not only that, it also represents the Musqueam ancestors and the raw connection they have with the land. On the pole, it shows a character holding the serpent’s tail which represents the past generations and that’s how they became known as the Musqueam people. In fact, the serpent’s stomach is just as large as a “storage basket”. This pole and the serpent are very significant values that the Musqueam people hold as they are known to be “traditional designs and elements” to showcase the history of their people.
The Camosun Bog is very important to the Musqueam people as they hold a very special history. The bog gives the Musqueam people a place of belonging, and happiness. It is a place where they can feel free and be who they are. It is a wonderful place for people to appreciate the nature and learn more about the past of the Musqueam people and how they came to be. The peace, quiet, and calmness of the bog are what makes the bog, the bog.

A photo of the Musqueam Farm Land.

A photo of a peat that has a lot of nutrients.

A photo of Larry’s dad.

A photo of Larry’s mom.

A photo of Larry.

A photo of Larry during his kindergarten graduation.

A photo of Larry’s grandfather (He is on the right side).

A photo of Larry Grant’s Family.

A photo of a cartoon double-headed serpent.

A photo of the path the serpent made after passing by.
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The Sea Sponge - The Simplest Animals
Sponges Slide Show Poem
Sponges,
Porifera, the phylum,
Animalia, the kingdom,
Parazoa, the subkingdom.
Showing radial symmetry, they live on marine floors,
Made of materials, but of spongins more.
Fixed in one position, sessile,
Are seen immobile.
They can reproduce sexually,
But also, asexually.
Four kinds of cells,
Taking in water, porocytes,
Controlling water flows and grabbing food, choanocytes,
Carrying food from choanocytes to other cells, amoebocytes,
Outer skin, the epidermis,
Opposite of that, the dermis.
Nurtured through feeding on filters,
Captured of nutrients by choanocytes,
Spread out and given by amoebocytes.
From the pores, rushes in water,
Through the osculum, rushes out water.
Reproduction,
Through sexual hermaphrodites,
Undergoing meiosis are collar cells or amoebocytes.
Sperm and eggs appear.
Asexually,
Budding or tough-coated dormant of embryonic cells, gemmule, formations are there.
Protections,
For structural support and defense of predators, a spicule,
For more shielding, chemical toxins are another tool.
And, to regrow tissues is easy, which is cool.
Possessing cells that are unspecialized,
Are also loosely organized.
Not needing lungs or hearts like creatures that are specialized,
Sponges are simple and uncomplicated.
These unspecialized multicellular creatures,
Communicate, but require no nerves.
Primitive and ancient,
Self-defence by toxins,
Hence, it protects and can fight cancer.
Sponge - Shape of Life – Poem
Two and a half billion years ago,
Nervous systems, muscles, limbs, and brain free creatures show,
Cells loosely collected.
Appearing solid afar,
Well, closer presents holes, tunnels, and chambers.
Varied by habitats, no shapes of them are definitive.
Researched, they are primitive.
9,000 species of this organism found,
It is possible to live in both salt and freshwater grounds.
Losing a piece of body part, they do not feel pain or queasy,
In fact, regeneration is easy.
Responsible, they take care of everything,
And to each other, they cling.
Separating them are for them to explore,
Reuniting them will create more.
Cells held by collagens,
Acting as a support system, this protein,
Is like a bean.
Giving rigidity and form, spicules
Living, the features acts as a fingerprint.
Sucking in water through body walls,
Filter feeding calls.
Known as a “filtering machine”,
Pumping water in a current quickly,
The flow then moves slowly.
Landing at a location of hearts that beat,
There, it is the choanocyte,
The cell pumping power.
It does not stop.
Speeding through the labyrinth of canals that lead to the central cavity,
It is like a mop.
This animal,
This organism,
What is this?
This is a sponge.
Sponge Regeneration Poem
Regenerate, an activity sponges can do,
Wait, then does that mean they can resurrect a dead body part?
Unlike many animals with nervous systems,
this renewal system is possible for them.
Under any circumstances of splitting,
After separation,
There is still recognition.
Several hours past,
They can still come back together fast.
Do they only restore what they lost?
No, they gain more than what they tossed.
Fascinatingly, sponges can clone,
Placed in a blender, they never end up alone.
One sponge mixed and chopped,
Millions of pieces are resulted.
Forming new sponges,
Time will pass,
Baby sponges will develop.
By this process,
It is a new access,
For sponges to find other ways to reproduce.
This is the successful way of asexual reproduction.
Reviving,
Restoring,
Regenerating,
This makes sponges unique.
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Camosun Bog - Pictures Works Cited
Works Cited
Dvorsky, George. "Arctic Starflower." Idaho Species, Idaho Fish and Game, idfg.idaho.gov/species/taxa/48694. Accessed 19 May 2020.
Rettenbacher, Leah, et al. A Photo of the Trees While the Sun Is Setting at Camosun Bog. Camosun Bog, camosunbog.ca/. Accessed 19 May 2020.
"Shrubs of the Adirondacks: Labrador Tea." Adirondacks Forever Wild, 8 June 2019, wildadirondacks.org/adirondack-shrubs-labrador-tea-rhododendron-groenlandicum.html. Accessed 19 May 2020.
"Sphagnum Moss." Sense Tecnic, qr.sensetecnic.com/ppf/camosun-bog/sphagnum/. Accessed 19 May 2020.
"Sundews." The National Wildlife Federation, www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Plants-and-Fungi/Sundews. Accessed 19 May 2020.
VPSN Blog. "Hidden Treasures: New Boardwalk Bring You Closer to Camosun Bog." Vancouver Public Space Network, 14 Apr. 2017, vancouverpublicspace.ca/2017/04/14/getting-down-new-boardwalk-brings-you-closer-to-camosun-bog/. Accessed 19 May 2020.
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Camosun Bog
Bogs are ecosystems that have plants living in the conditions of an acidic environment, requiring low nutrients, a high water table, and little oxygen in the water. The Camosun Bog, specifically, is the traditional territory of the Musqueam people. This bog was formed 10,000 years ago, however, it wasn’t the perfect bog until 2,000 years ago. 10,000 years ago, after Vancouver was formed, a small piece of land was left behind. The small chunk of land was left with a large block of ice. When the ice gradually diminished, it became a lake. Fresh plants, like sedges and cattails were grown and new nutrients appeared. Eventually, all the beautiful plants formed and a swamp appeared. From 5,000-2,000 years ago, when many plants that died surrounded the swamp, they fell one by one into the swamp, blocking up many materials needed for the swamp to survive.The plants decaying, ended up taking the oxygen in the water. Therefore with the conditions like that, it formed the Camosun bog perfectly.
In the Camosun bog or any bogs, there is one important keystone species called the “Sphagnum Moss”. They are bryophytes with no cuticles that appreciate the low nutrients, low oxygen, and acidic environments. They have a special characteristic in which they can maintain the acidic conditions. They do this because they have a rare ability to take in water and release hydrogen ions out. From that, they make an acidic surrounding and therefore love the moist, acidic conditions. Once a sphagnum moss dies, they are called “peat”. Like normal plants when they die, they decay. However, peat decays extremely slow. Also, instead of decaying and releasing the carbon dioxide, they keep in the carbon dioxide. Because they decay very slowly, the new sphagnum growing usually grows above the peat. They help the new sphagnum grow by decaying slowly and producing water. It is unlike other plants where they decay into humus. Therefore, peats are very different from soil. They are not the same in texture as well. For the metaphor, digging through a bog is like digging through time, the reason why that can be made as a comparison is because for each layer of the bog or a metre of it, they are 400 years ago. Digging through the bog is like going back in time because the peat stacks up and stays there even though they were years and years ago. Going down 5 metres is going back in time 2,000 years ago, which is very interesting!
Since the peat kept stacking and stacking, there were many artifacts buried in them. There were many that were ages ago including hockey pucks, marbles, button hats, coins, ink bottles, and garbage. There was a woman who played hockey and remembered that in the past, the lake was extended, the hockey boys used to build fires, the trees were 10 to 11 feet tall, there were hatched animals that didn’t last a long life because of the raccoons and skunks, there were many huckleberries, there was a hole that was big enough to fit them and slide them down from their school to the lake and they would land on the ice and play in the bog during lunchtime, and she would always go down with her friends to play hockey and skate. A very interesting fact about bogs is that they are carbon sinks. Bogs are carbon sinks because they take in the carbon dioxide and do not require to release the carbon dioxide when they decay. Instead, oxygen gets released, which is why it is so refreshing being at Camosun Bog. They change the carbon dioxide to peat and it is not until thousands of years, they release. This adds an important factor to our world because it is fighting against global warming and helping with climate change.
Our Camosun Bog is known for being the traditional territory of the Musqueam people. By fishing, hunting, gathering, doing their own cultural practices, for medicine and for food, the Musqueam people have been living on Camosun Bog since the land appeared. They have been on the land for at least 9,000 years. It is insane how long they have claimed the land and made excellent use of the area. Even though there were many great things about and in the bog, there was one huge change that nearly destroyed it. It was the building of the city. There were many drains built in 1929 that took away the water levels and killed most of the sphagnum mosses, there were many native plants that were invaded by the invasive ones, many hemlock trees began growing in the bog, trees fell all over the place during windstorms, and garbage was thrown all over the bog in 1972 that made the situation horrible. It was a moment of suffering for something so unique and beautiful in our province and city.
When this happened, the invasive species that took over were polytrichum mosses, ferns, skunk cabbage, salal, and juncus on the ground. There were bushes like huckleberries, some blueberry species, blackberries, and salmonberries. There were invasive trees as well, which were Western hemlocks, birches, and Mountain ashes. These invasive plants are amazing, and not invasive to British Columbia, however, to the bog, they were. Even though the Camosun Bog was almost destroyed and invasive species took over for a while, eventually, the native species reappeared. The native species or plants in the bog are sphagnum mosses, arctic starflowers, bunchberries, cloudberries, bog cranberries, and sundews on the ground. Labrador tea, kalmia, and bog blueberries as the bushes there. The trees native to the bog are lodgepole pines, saskatoon berries, and gaskara. There are also other native plants like bog laurel, and many other pine trees. The Camosun Bog has come a long way and continues to thrive with a beautiful landscape, fresh air, and unique plants and trees. The struggles it has faced and memories held within it make it a precious and cherished bog.

This is a photo of a trail at Camosun Bog.

Another beautiful photo of the sun setting behind some trees at Camosun Bog.

A photo of the keystone species of the Camosun Bog: the Sphagnum Moss.

A photo of the Labrador Tea. It is one of the native species in the Camosun Bog.

A photo of a sundew. One of the native plants to the Camosun Bog.

Another native plant to the Camosun Bog: The Arctic Starflower.
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Cnidaria-Oleander Analogy – Children’s Story
Once upon a time, there was a little girl named, Pixie, who loved wandering around her home and exploring her garden. Her favourite colour was pink, and she loved wearing big dresses. In her spare time, she would research about something very special to her. No one knew except her mother, so she would always tell her mother one new fact a day. This special “something” was a cnidaria, the first animals to invent a mouth, a stomach, muscles, nerves, and movements. Very surprisingly, they can swim too. “Mom! I learned something new today! I have to tell you!!” says Pixie. “Did you? Let’s hear it” replies her mother, Samantha. “Okay, okay. So today I learned that cnidarians may look small and slow, but they can actually move really fast and snap to be predators and attack. So they can move and push themselves up and stretch. They look very innocent, but hmm, I guess they are not really, but they are very smart. Also, remember how I told you that they have these really cool special capsules called nematocysts on their tentacles? Well yea, those can release toxins that can kill animals, but what’s really cool is that inside them, they are loaded with deadly poison. That’s why they can kill animals. Like once an animal is near, and accidentally touches the cnidaria, it’s really bad. The toxin will spit out of the tentacles with full force. It’s like a bullet. That fast. It’s so cool how they can use them to capture food and can be a weapon.” Pixie says jumping excitedly. “That is very interesting Pixie. I haven’t heard you this interested in something in a very long time.” Says her mother. “Yea. I am very happy. I never really knew how interesting a marine animal could be.” Pixie says smiling. “Well..since I am free I am gonna look for more facts, and I’ll water the plants.” Pixie says while running outside. “Be careful” shouts her mother. Pixie thinks about cnidarians while she grabs a water can and start watering the plants. “Why are cnidarians so interesting? I have to know everything about them.” Pixie says, talking to herself. “Whoa. What is this type of flower? It’s so pretty and it’s pink. Mom!!!” screamed Pixie. “Yes” answered her mother. Pixie sprints back to her mother as her dress floats and spins above the ground. Out of breath, Pixie huffs, “What…what..are those pink flowers outside?” “Oh no! Dear, did you touch them?” Samantha looks concerningly in Pixie’s eyes. “No, why? I wanted to, but I didn’t. Why? Why?” Pixie asks repeatedly. “Oh, thank goodness. Just don’t touch them please. It’s not a good flower. They may look nice, but they aren’t. Don’t water the plants anymore. Go back to your room.” Lectured Pixie was her mother. “But Mom.” “No buts. Go now, I’ll take care of the garden.” “Ugh.” Pixie ran to her room in frustration. After ten minutes, Pixie brought out her book on cnidarians and began reading again. “Whoa. This is so cool! I never knew cnidarians fight each other for hours and release their own toxins. Aw that is cute. Winners float its tentacles and celebrates while losers hide and move away.” Pixie says to herself. Suddenly, Pixie’s mother knocks on the door. “Pixie, I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to yell at you earlier. I just didn’t want you to touch random things. We are going to cut down those flowers soon.” “Why? Mom, tell me why? They are pretty.” “Sweetheart, I don’t know what they are I just know they are bad for you.” “Oh, really? Aw.” Pixie frowns. “Yes. Did you learn more about cnidarians you want to tell me?” asked her mother. “YES. There’s so much, but hmm, I read some earlier, let me tell you those. There are other types of cnidarians like coral polyps which are predators to planktons, they create coral reefs, which are so gorgeous and there is another one called stomphia, which is stuck on the ground. You know what is cool though, the predator to them are starfishes called dermasteria and they sneak slowly to a stomphia and the stomphia don’t know until the starfishes touches them and then they quickly jump off the ground and-“ “Slow down Pix” her mother speaks over Pixie and laughs. “Oh yea, well they jump off and swim away. They swim Mama! And then, there are jellyfishes, which their mouths extend and create arm like feeding structures and the tentacles become thin and the stalk becomes like a jelly ish thing and then it becomes translucent. There’s two more Mama. There is one called Praya, and it is a combination of medusa and polyp with tentacles to follow behind. MOM! Listen, it’s so cool because they are the longest predators in the world!! 120 feet long!” screams Pixie. “Oh my goodness, that is large. This is very interesting dear, let me go cook dinner now” says Samantha. “No, mom, wait. I have one more, there’s another I learned and it is called the colobonema, their tentacles detach to serve as a distraction and it is..wait for it..THE LARGEST JELLYFISH IN THE WORLD!!” “Dear, you have learned a lot. I am proud of you. Take a rest now while I cook.” Pixie’s mother leaves the room. Suddenly, Pixie had an urge to revisit the pink flowers again. “Mom won’t know if I just look at them once again.” Pixie thinks. As Pixie walks out to the garden, she looks at the flowers. “These are really pretty. Why won’t mom let me touch them?” Suddenly, without realizing, Pixie’s arm raises, and she touch the flower under two seconds and instantly puts her hand to cover her mouth in shock. “Oh no, I promise I didn’t mean to.” Pixie runs back to her room and sits on her bed pretending that she never left the room. An hour later, Pixie starts to realize she doesn’t feel very well. “Pixie! Dinner!” Her mother calls from downstairs. No reply. Samantha runs up the stairs, “Pixie!” She opens the door and runs to Pixie in utter shock. “Are you okay? Pixie?” Pixie had fainted. At the hospital, Pixie wakes up confused. “Mama, where am I?” “Honey, are you okay?” “I think so”. The doctor walks in. “Pixie? Are you alright?” “Yea” replies Pixie. “Alright. Well what happened to you was that you touched an Oleander flower. It is a very poisonous flower and very dangerous for you to randomly touch a flower like that. I am glad you are okay. You are lucky you didn’t get too much of the poison. You will be okay” says the doctor. “Pix! You touched the flowers?? I told you not to” “But mom you didn’t tell me why and I didn’t mean to. It happened on its own” Pixies says defending herself. “Okay, but don’t ever touch them again. I am getting them cut tomorrow.” “So, Doctor, they are pretty flowers that are actually bad, and poisonous?” asks Pixie. “Yes. They are very pretty, but not good for you. Even when they are dead, they can be deadly.” “Wow. I’m glad I’m okay.” They all laugh. “Wait! Mom. This reminds me of a cnidaria!! They are poisonous if you touch them and they look innocent, but they are not!! And they still are poisonous when they die!! Although flowers don’t have nerves, or can move, they are similar! This makes me happy!” “Haha Pixie, you like cnidarians?” asked the doctor. Pixie nods excitedly. “They are great animals. But don’t touch them when you see them.” Pixie laughs, “I won’t.”
~ THE END~
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Reflection With All My Senses
The place I have decided to choose is my backyard. It was 12:12pm when I decided to head out and observe the nature. It is a really warm, beautiful, and sunny day. The reason why I have decided to choose this place is because it is my comfort place. Just by sitting on the green grass of my backyard, I can hear the beautiful chirps of the birds, I can see the breath-taking blue sky alongside the bright, blinding sun, and the nature around me. It is just my backyard, yet I feel so calm and refreshed. Looking around myself, I can see all the greens surrounding me. They are mostly all nature. When I look up and find spaces of the blue sky, I can see the little pretty, fluffy, and smooth white clouds. The spread of the white clouds makes the sky look like an oil painting. The little small clouds make the little details and make it even prettier. From a distance, I can see the large, blue, and white mountains. They look fake, and it feels like a big body of ocean that I can see at any direction I turn my head. I see all the houses around me, and all my neighbours. They are doing their own normal life activities. Various of colours are everywhere. Blue, red, white, and gray houses. I see that. Behind and in front of me, there are various flowers and flying by me, there are white, opaque butterflies. Sitting on the tall green grass and closing my eyes, I can hear the leaves being blown by the strong, breezy wind. On the ground and on the branches as well. I hear the back and forth dog barks sounding afar and nearby. There are so many birds around me chirping which sounds like they are communicating with one another like us humans do. I can hear cars passing by, making loud engine noises. Some are far away, and I can even hear sirens from afar. There are also builders constructing houses that I hear. The sound of the hammer banging and the sounds of the drilling. I feel so calm, relaxed, and comfortable. I feel very happy being out in the sun and warmth like it is summertime. By taking a few deep breaths, I can smell the nature and the fresh air. It brings back memories of being on vacation. It also reminds me of times when I went to the mountains and hiked. The smell is like a reminder of the summer heat when you are outside having a picnic or taking an evening walk. I can also smell the flowers around me. When I reach out my hands while standing up, I can feel the heat on my skin where the sun is directly flashing on. I can feel the breezy and refreshing wind touching my skin like it is pushing and putting pressure on my arms. Sitting down, I can feel the thin, tall, green grass with the sun making it look bright, golden green. The weather is beginning to feel hotter, but the wind is making it feel cool. Surrounding me, there are plants, grass, flowers, and trees. There are around four trees filled with tiny light green leaves. I can see butterflies flapping their small wings, fluttering past by me. From my home to my backyard, I can easily walk or run there. The space that is there is so free and raw. The only interactions come from people who walk by my house. Sometimes when there are people we know, a conversation can begin. Overall, while observing the nature just in my backyard and not going anywhere too far away, I can still be in a calm state and feel the nature. The greens, the breeze, I can revolve myself around the beauty of this world. I don’t feel the need to take a car or walk somewhere further to be able to use all my senses and observe. I love being able to stay in my backyard without having anyone bother me. Being out here, my favourite part was being able to see the blue, clear sky and feel the wind in this hot weather. Instead of just being outside to do certain activities, being able to just go to my backyard, sit, use my senses and notice things around me was wonderful.

This photo is a picture I took when I was in my backyard. I chose to take a picture of the sky with the trees peaking in because while being outside, my favourite part was seeing the rawness of the clear pretty sky and the golden green leaves.
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Cnidaria Reality Show Script
Come On! Live On, Cnidaria’s Fam Jam!
Cnidaria (Interviewed): Hello, this is my show. Crazy to say, but I have one now. Let me introduce myself. Hi, I’m Cnidaria, I am a soft bodied animal that has tentacles and nematocysts. Are you wondering what that is? It is basically for me to get food and for self-defence. I will sting you to get food and if you try to touch me, yea that’s not a good idea. Even when I am dead, I will sting you. Anyways, I am from a subkingdom, metazoan, and I currently live in the marine. My symmetry is radial, and I have three really cool layers for my body: an epidermis, which is my outer skin, a mesoglea, which is jelly, and an endoderm, which is a gut. I know we all have them, but I thought I’d let you know before we start MY reality show. Well, I guess we can start now. Oh, wait. Just before this reality begins, I have three other siblings. This is going to be a fun show.
Hydrozoa: Cnidaria! Seriously, I’m getting so annoyed of you now. I’m not even joking, every time I walk into the house, the lights are off. I literally can’t see anything.
Hydrozoa (Interviewed): Hi, I am Hydrozoa. I am Cnidaria’s sister. I am probably the cool one of the family because I am the only girl. I have three kids: Hydra, Obelia, and Physalia. I gave birth to them in both sexual and asexual ways where asexually, I bud, and sexually, it is hermaphroditic.
Cnidaria: What do you mean? I’m using my ocelli and neuronet abilities. I can see, you can use it too.
Hydrozoa: I know, but I don’t need to if I can turn on the lights. Oh my goodness.
Cnidaria (Interviewed): Hydrozoa is my sister. She gets annoyed really easily.
Hydrozoa (Interviewed): I don’t know why Cnidaria needs to go out and do such dumbs things to make me mad. Literally, if he can turn the lights on, why won’t he?
Cnidaria: Okay, okay, turn it on then.
(Lights turned on)
Hydrozoa: Where are my kids? Did you take care of them well today?
Cnidaria: Come on Hydro! I always take care of them well. How do you expect me to be perfect though, I have to take care of Scyphozoa and Anthozoa’s kids too. Give me a break.
Hydrozoa: Alright. Are they upstairs?
Cnidaria: Yea. I think.
(Hydrozoa walks upstairs)
Hydrozoa: Hydra! Obelia! Physalia! Where are you?
Hydra: Mom!! You are home!
(Runs to Hydrozoa, but trips)
Hydra: Ow.
Hydrozoa: Hey! Be careful, use your statocysts to keep yourself balanced! Are you okay?
Hydra: I’m okay. I was just excited to see you.
Hydrozoa: Alright.
Hydra (Interviewed): Hi, I’m Hydra, the oldest child of my mommy. I am a free living, solitary polyp. I enjoy my alone times. My uncle is actually really cool. He has two forms: polyp and medusa. I am only a polyp, which basically means I have tentacles, outer epithelio-muscular layer, mesoglea, inner nutritive-muscular layer, and coelenteron, which is my gastrovascular cavity. I am pretty cool.
Hydrozoa: Obelia, what did you do all day?
Obelia: I studied and...I practiced piano.
Hydrozoa: Why are you hesitating? Did you not practice today?
Obelia: Mom, I promise, I will practice tomorrow. Please let me have a break today.
Hydrozoa: You better study AND practice tomorrow.
Obelia: I will.
Obelia (Interviewed): I’m Obelia, the second child. I am a sessile colonial polyp. I can be in the form of a medusa too sometimes. It is basically where I have tentacles, a mouth, an inner nutritive-muscular layer, a mesoglea, an outer epithelio-muscular layer and a gut. Not a lot of us have this. I have branches that can make me look very beautiful because at the end of my branches, I have polyps, and I also have a gastrozoid, where I feed. I guess you can say I’m quite lazy. I don’t like to move much.
Hydrozoa: Physalia!! Girly! How are you?
Obelia to Hydra: Of course. Phy is the youngest. Always treated so nicely. (sighs)
Physalia: Mommy!! I’m hungry, can we eat?
Hydrozoa: Of course, get your nematocysts ready. It can really get deadly with yours.
Physalia: Okay, yay!!
Physalia (Interviewed): Hi, I’m Physalia. I am seven this year and I am a floating colonial polyp. I don’t have a medusa form, but Obelia does and it’s really special that she has this because she also has a vellum unlike Uncle Scyphozoa or uncle Anthozoa.
Hydra: Mom, I need to find the smaller food, otherwise I can’t eat them.
Hydrozoa: Alright, well take your time to find them.
Hydrozoa: Cnidaria, where’s Scyphozoa and Anthozoa?
Cnidaria: Scyphozoa was fishing. I think he’s coming home now and Anthozoa is getting off work now.
Hydrozoa: Ah, I see.
Physalia: Mom! I detect chemicals. It smells weird.
Hydrozoa: Okay, hurry, grab your food and come to the table so we can all eat.
(Doors Opening)
Obelia: Uncle Scyphozoa!! Come on! Let’s eat dinner!
Scyphozoa: Alright. I’m coming.
Scyphozoa (Interviewed): Hello, I am Scyphozoa, in the form of a medusa, but I have no vellums. I am a father of one kid, Aurelia. I am also the second oldest of the family.
(Aurelia running to her dad)
Aurelia: Daddy!!
Scyphozoa: How’s it going my daughter?
Aurelia: Good. You came home so late. I want to eat!
Scyphozoa: Then eat. Nobody is stopping you.
Aurelia: But I wanted to wait for you.
Scyphozoa: Oh is that right?
Aurelia (Interviewed): I am Aurelia. I am the daughter of Scyphozoa and I am 12 years old. I can be in the form of polyp and medusa.
Coral: Auntie Hydrozoa, I miss daddy.
(Starts crying)
Hydrozoa: Oh no, don’t cry, it’s okay. He’s coming home soon.
Sea Anemone: Ugh, she’s crying again
Cnidaria: Hey, hey Anemone!
Sea Anemone (Interviewed): I am Anemone. I am the oldest child or son of my dad, Anthozoa. I am in the form of a soft, sessile polyp with tentacles. My sister, Coral is always crying.
Hydra: Ah, everyone,
Sea Pen: What?
Hydra: I feel my gut distributing my food to the mesoglea.
(Everyone laughs except Hydrozoa and Coral)
Scyphozoa: Is that correct?
(Doors Opening)
Cnidaria: Ey, my brother!
Anthozoa: Hey! Sorry, I am late, I had to work an OT shift. Oh, Coral, don’t cry. Come here.
(Coral runs to her dad)
Sea Anemone: Every single day.
Cnidaria: Don’t right now. Be quiet.
(Sea Anemone rolls his eyes)
Sea Pen: Whoa, this tastes really good.
Physalia: Right! I picked good food.
Sea Pen (Interviewed): Hi, I am Sea Pen, and I am the second child of Anthozoa. I am in the form of a sessile polyp with a rigid stalk.
Anthozoa: Okay, stop crying now, I’m home. Let’s eat. I am hungry.
Anthozoa (Interviewed): I am Anthozoa and I am in the polyp form. My three children are Sea Anemone, Sea Pen, and my only daughter Coral. She is a very sensitive girl.
Anthozoa: Come on, let’s eat this. Your big cousin, Physalia, got these foods.
Coral: Thank you daddy.
Coral (Interviewed): Hi, I am Coral. I am the youngest of the whole family. I am 5 years old. I am in the soft polyp form with endoskeletons and rigid calciferous exoskeleton. I have a lot of cool traits I would say. I love my daddy a lot which is why I cry a lot.
Anthozoa: So what have you all been doing today?
Hydrozoa: Well, Physalia along with my two other kids were catching food all day using their nematocyst with caution to also protect themselves.
Anthozoa: Oh, nice.
Hydrozoa: And Cnidaria was using his OCELLI. And I came home from work unable to see anything. I don’t know why he likes using that.
Cnidaria: Hey, calm down. You could have turned the light on no problem.
Scyphozoa: Haha.
Cnidaria: Well, today was pretty successful I would say. Did you guys all enjoy today?
(Everyone screams yes)
Cnidaria: Good! The first day of my reality show going to be up on TV was a success!
(Everyone cheers)
Cnidaria: You all ready to say it!?
Everyone: Yes!!
Cnidaria: Alright! Three, two, one-
Everyone: Come On! Live on, Cnidaria’s Fam Jam!
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Animals
Animals,
The eukaryote multicellular heterotrophs with no cell wall,
Introduced from the Cambrian explosion, moving is possible for them all.
Three percent vertebrates,
Ninety seven percent invertebrates.
Symmetry, cephalization, and specialization,
Three evolutionary trends,
Don’t forget the second symmetry, do you comprehend?
Radial and bilateral symmetry,
That in which radial has all parts symmetrical and equilateral.
Bilateral, affecting both sides, is not unilateral.
Cephalization,
Concentration tendency of nerves in the head region,
Primitive animals have no nerves or head,
Complex animals have them instead.
Specialization,
Primitive animals have no specialized tissues,
Which is no issue,
But complex animals have highly specialized tissues.
Two subkingdoms,
Phylum porifera in parazoa,
Three categories in metazoa:
Cnidaria in acoelomates,
Nematoda in pseudocoelomates,
Finally,
Protostomes and deuterostomes in coelomates.
Development stages,
Union of egg and sperm,
Zygote forms,
Undergoing mitosis, a blastocyst is born.
Becoming an embryo, a fetus is given in return.
Three germ layers,
Becoming the gut, an endoderm,
Appearing as the outer skin or epidermis, an ectoderm,
Making organs and muscles in the middle layer, a mesoderm.
Protostomes,
Blastopore, the mouth,
Other opening, the anus down in the south.
Deuterostomes,
Anus in the blastopore below,
Mouth in the other opening to show.
With two openings, protostomes
Are opposites of deuterostomes.
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