paulaandreaabrilluengas

[paulaandreaabrilluengas]

[paulaandreaabrilluengas]

I am going to talk to you about the censorship of women in Colombian art, to contextualize you all I am going to tell you where this came from. In my eighth semester at university, in the visual arts degree, I was taking a class called "History of art in Colombia". We had a conference on this subject, they talked about the invisibilization of women in art in Colombia. Don't all of you find it curious when you go to a museum to realize that most of the artists are men and the fact that to find the name of a woman artist is almost an achievement? This makes no sense at all, and it is now clear to me that it is no coincidence either. The first women artists of whom we have no records were the daughters of the painters. The fathers passed on their knowledge to their daughters, so that they could help them in their studio, since women were not allowed to attend to the first schools of fine arts. This meant that many of the painters' works were actually made by their daughters, but clearly wore their father's signature. There were many women artists throughout history and there is no record of their existence, let alone their works. It is known from research by other professors of their existence and how they were not allowed to exhibit, and because they were women artists their work was devalued, also, women were not allowed to study and produce works of male nudes. In the National Museum of Colombia there is a painting that shows us that: "Acevedo Bernal and his daughters" (1923), by Roberto Pizano Restrepo. Oil on canvas (89 x 107 cm), this painter portrays his master and his daughters, in this painting we can see how the daughter in the background is making a painting, this shows us how at that time in Colombia there were, besides this one, many more women who made pictorial work which is not considered in the history of art. Finally, I will mention women artists Rosa Ponce de Portocarrero, Waldina Dávila, Sofía Holguín, Beatriz Arboleda and Natalia Pombo participated regularly in different events in the second half of the 19th century.

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References

Banco de la Republica (2017). Notas para una historia de la educación artistica en colombia en el siglo xx. https://www.banrepcultural.org/biblioteca-virtual/credencial-historia/numero-314/notas-para-una-historia-de-la-educacion-artistica-en-colombia-siglo-xx

Revista Credencial (2015). Alberto Urdaneta y la escuela nacional de bellas artes de colombia: el origen de la enseñanza moderna de un arte academicista. http://www.revistacredencial.com/credencial/historia/temas/alberto-urdaneta-y-la-escuela-nacional-de-bellas-artes-de-colombia-el-origen-de-la

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (2010). Departamento de artes. https://artes.javeriana.edu.co/departamentos/artes-visuales

El Espectador (2017). La Escuela de Artes de la Universidad Nacional y sus vicisitudes históricas. https://www.elespectador.com/opinion/la-escuela-de-artes-de-la-universidad-nacional-y-sus-vicisitudes-historicas-columna-706577/

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7. The Javeriana University built in 2016 a separate building for the Faculty of Arts, in it we can find three careers: visual arts, performing arts and music. These are distributed throughout the building with specific spaces for the practice and study of each of these careers, in order to provide students with all the possibilities of creation.

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1995

6. The Faculty of Visual Arts of the Pontifical Javeriana University was founded in 1995, the faculty is focused on five main points of the visual arts, which are: drawing, basic visual design, art history, electronic media and photography. The backbone of the Javeriana's visual arts program is its six levels of drawing and eight levels of art history.

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5. The National School of Fine Arts was unified with the National University in 1867. At that time the career was called Arts and Crafts, after a while more or less in 1934 it was called the Faculty of Fine Arts and Architecture. After some time in 1965 and until the current Faculty of Arts of the National University of Colombia.

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19th century

4. The National School of Fine Arts of Colombia was created in 1886 on July 20, 1886, leaving behind the teaching of art workshops and trades that were the basis of artistic education for 300 years, it was able to establish the academic art and modern education in Colombia.

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3. In 1648 the academy was consolidated in France, modeled on the Italian academies, from the differentiation and separation of the mechanical arts and the liberal arts, art was no longer seen as something manual and became the liberal arts as something more spiritual.

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2. The first academy of drawing was founded in 1563 in Florence by Giogio Vasari at the time of the Renaissance and Romanticism, the academy of Disegno (drawing). The purpose of this academy was both to teach correctly the classical and realistic form of drawing and to make painting a higher and better art. In the picture we can see the drawing academy of Michelangelo Houasse.

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1. Plato and Aristotle wrote about in the Middle Ages, approximately 400 BC, the first workshops date back to the Middle Ages, in these workshops the artists took or welcomed apprentices, the apprentices helped the artists in their works, and they were learning. These first manual crafts schools were made up of plastic arts and other manual crafts such as carpentry. In the image we can see the drawing made by Federico Zuccaro of two of his apprentices.

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Timeline visual arts career.