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What Happens During a Mammogram Test ?

A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of breast tissue. To get an X-ray picture of your breasts, you get a mammogram. It has multiple diagnostic applications beyond breast cancer screening, including the exploration of symptoms or out-of-the-ordinary findings on another imaging test.

A mammogram requires the patient's breasts to be compressed between two firm surfaces in order to evenly distribute the tissue. The resulting monochrome X-ray images are then reviewed on a computer for any indications of cancer.

If you want to screen for breast cancer, getting a mammogram is essential. Cancer of the breast can be detected long before the patient experiences any discomfort. Having a mammogram has been shown to lower the mortality rate from breast cancer.

How many distinct kinds of mammograms are there?

For the most part, mammograms fall into one of two categories:

Two- and three-dimensional digital mammography (digital breast tomosynthesis).

Exactly why it's being done

X-ray images of the breasts, called mammograms, can reveal abnormalities such as breast cancer. A mammogram can serve as either a diagnostic tool or a screening tool:

Mammogram screening. If a person has no symptoms of breast cancer but has noticed changes in their breasts, a screening mammogram can help. The hope is that by catching cancer early, it can be treated with less pain and suffering.

The frequency with which mammograms should be repeated and the age at which routine screening should begin are two topics on which experts and medical groups cannot agree. Consult your doctor about your personal risk factors, screening preferences, and the potential benefits and drawbacks of any tests you may be asked to take. Decide on a mammography screening schedule that works for both of you.

Mammography for diagnosis. If you notice anything out of the ordinary in your breasts, like a lump, pain, change in skin texture or colour, discharge from your genitalia, or enlargement of your breasts, consult your doctor by scheduling a diagnostic mammogram. Unexpected findings on a screening mammogram can also be evaluated with this method. Additional mammograms are taken during a diagnostic mammogram.

At what point in my life should I start getting mammograms?

If you were assigned female at birth (AFAB) and have an average risk of developing breast cancer, you should start getting yearly screening mammograms starting at age 40, as recommended by several organisations, including the American Cancer Society and the American College of Radiology. A lifetime risk of less than 15% for developing breast cancer is considered to be AFAB at average risk. The likelihood of developing breast cancer as you age is higher.

Women who are at increased risk of developing breast cancer due to AFAB may benefit from starting regular screening mammograms at an earlier age. A breast MRI, among other tests, may be recommended in addition to a mammogram if your doctor thinks you're at high risk for developing breast cancer.

Women who were artificially male at birth (AMAB) may also be at a high risk due to their family history and may benefit from a screening mammogram. On average, however, about 1 in 100 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetimes.

To find out when you should begin having annual screening mammograms if you have any of the following risk factors, speak with your doctor.

Breast cancer in the family history.

A strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer.

The BRCA1 and BRCA2 inherited mutations.

Atypical ductal hyperplasia and/or lobular neoplasia, two types of benign (noncancerous) breast disease.

Thick, full busts.

That's how you get ready, right? Getting ready for a mammogram entails:

The test should be scheduled for when your breasts are less likely to be tender. This is the time of month when most women have their periods.

Previous mammogram pictures are required. Please ask that your previous mammograms be copied onto a CD before you visit a new facility for your exam. If you want the radiologist to check your previous mammograms against the new ones, bring the CD with you.

If you're getting a mammogram, skip the deodorant! Do not apply any kind of powder, lotion, cream, perfume, deodorant, or antiperspirant under your arms or on your breasts. Powders and deodorants may contain metallic particles that show up on a mammogram and lead to unnecessary anxiety.

When can I expect to hear about my mammogram's results?

The results of your mammogram will usually be available within a few days, although this may vary. Your mammogram is read by a radiologist, who then communicates his or her findings to you and your doctor.

When a month has passed and you still haven't received your mammogram results, it's time to get in touch with your doctor or the clinic where you had the test done.

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The Importance of Seeing a Gynaecologist after Menopause

All women eventually reach menopause, which is accompanied by a number of physical shifts. This is why it is so important to keep an annual appointment with your gynaecologist, even after menopause, and not ignore the warning signs.

After you've finished having children, you might feel like you don't need to see an OB/GYN on an annual basis.

Oh, how wrong you are. Menopausal women should keep up with their gynaecologist visits even after the menopause has ended for a number of reasons, the most important of which is that our bodies are constantly evolving throughout our lives. An experienced gynaecologist knows what to look for in terms of abnormal cellular activity in the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, and can take action to prevent it from developing into cancer.

When a woman goes 12 months without having her period, she has entered menopause, a natural biological process. Once their child-bearing years are over, most women stop going to the gynaecologist every year. This is a huge error in judgement, so please don't put off having a pelvic exam after menopause.

Menopause-Related Health Issues and How to Deal With Them

It is common for postmenopausal women to experience health issues that require the attention of an OB/GYN for diagnosis and treatment. The following are some of them:

When the pelvic muscles, tissues, and ligaments that hold and support the bladder, uterus, and/or rectum begin to weaken, the organs can droop down into the vagina, causing a wide range of symptoms, from urinary issues and loss of bowel control to low back pain and painful intercourse. Pelvic organ prolapse can be treated by your gynaecologist with methods like physical therapy and surgery.

Burning, itching, dryness, and other symptoms can occur when oestrogen levels drop, but your gynaecologist can prescribe low-dose oestrogen supplementation in the form of creams, pills, or rings to alleviate these uncomfortable side effects. Hormone replacement therapy is another name for this treatment.

Urgent or involuntary voiding of the bladder or bowels - Additional symptoms of this condition, known clinically as genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), include vaginal dryness, burning, and itching; increased discharge, pelvic pain, or pressure; decreased lubrication, decreased arousal, painful intercourse, and/or bleeding during or after sex. The gynaecologist can prescribe non-hormonal treatments like moisturisers and lubricants, as well as suggest changes in lifestyle, to help alleviate these symptoms.

 

In what ways, after menopause, is it necessary for me to continue seeing my gynaecologist?

When a woman reaches menopause, her body goes through a number of changes. Menstrual cycles tend to become shorter after the age of 40. Hot flashes can be triggered by the body's constant hormonal fluctuations. Menopause is just the beginning of a woman's body's ongoing transformation, and most of these changes still necessitate the expertise of a gynaecologist. Gynecologist checkups are essential, even after menopause, for a number of reasons.

As long as your exams have been normal up until this point, it may be fine to reduce their frequency after menopause.

After menopause, what difficulties might I encounter?

Some of these issues include: * Osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile * Vaginal and vulvar irritation * Vaginal atrophy, in which the vaginal lining gets drier and thinner, causing itching, burning, and pain * Chronic UTIs * Urinary incontinence, the involuntary loss of bladder control * Pelvic organ prolapse, in which the pelvis slips out of position and can bulge into

As you can see, keeping your regular appointments with your OB/GYN can have unexpectedly beneficial effects on your health and may even add years to your life. Our gynaecologists at the Dr. Poonam Upadhyay Clinic are among the best in the country, and they offer a full range of services for women's health, from routine exams to advanced diagnostics.

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Planning on having a caesarean? Things to know about caesarean birth

Nearly one-third of all deliveries in the United States are C-sections, according to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Although many repeat C-sections are performed on women who have already had one, others may be required if there are issues with the pregnancy or delivery.

C-sections for women who have already had one, but also for those who are interested in having another one for any of the following reasons:

Dangerous preexisting conditions in the mother

The positioning of more than two kids in the uterus increases the likelihood that you may require a caesarean section.

A breech delivery occurs when a baby is positioned posteriorly, meaning the buttocks or feet will emerge first, rather than the head.

A lot of our patients have never had a planned C-section before, so they have lots of questions. Let's talk about the time leading up to and following a C-section.

When would it be time for a C-section?

If you have specific health issues or if vaginal birth concerns arise, your doctor may recommend a caesarean section. When any of the following situations arise, a C-section is planned:

Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) is a condition in which either the baby's head or body is too large to pass safely through the mother's pelvis, or the pelvis is too tiny to birth an average-sized baby.

After a prior caesarean, some women may be able to give birth vaginally again, but this is not the case for everyone. This may be affected by the previous C-risk section's of uterine rupture as well as the type of uterine incision that was used.

A C-section may be necessary if you're expecting more than two infants, even though it's common to have a natural birth with twins.

The placenta is connected too low in the uterus, a condition known as placenta previa, which can prevent the baby from reaching the cervix for delivery.

The foetus is lying horizontally across the uterine wall, a condition known as transverse lay.

When a baby is born with a breech presentation, it is positioned feet or bottom first in the uterus. Some doctors and nurses may try to turn your baby, but if it doesn't work, you'll need a C-section.

Heart problems, for example, can worsen during delivery, making a vaginal birth unsafe. If you have genital herpes during labour, you will need to undergo a caesarean section.

It may be necessary to have a C-section if there is an obstruction, such as a large uterine fibroid, a pelvic fracture, or if you are expecting a baby with certain congenital defects.

Is it risk-free to have a caesarean?

While natural childbirth is generally favoured, there are circumstances where a C-section is necessary to ensure the baby's safety. When your baby is breech or if you have placenta previa, for instance, a C-section is the safer alternative (placenta covers part of the cervix). The dangers and benefits of having a C-section are something you and your obstetrician should discuss.

Just how long does a caesarean section take to perform?

On average, a C-section takes about 45 minutes. Immediately following the birth of your baby, your healthcare practitioner will suture your uterus and close the incision in your abdomen. Emergencies of various kinds can possible during labour and delivery. It's possible to have your baby in as little as 15 minutes. We need to do a C-section immediately.

When compared to other birthing methods, what advantages does a C-section have?

Whether or whether a C-section is beneficial for you depends on your specific pregnancy. The primary advantage of C-sections is the increased safety for mother and child. When a vaginal delivery poses hazards to the mother or the baby, most doctors will opt for a Cesarean section instead. C-sections don't always go according to plan. An emergency C-section is preferable to waiting for the baby's heart rate to recover after dropping to a dangerous level, for instance.

Preparation for a C-section can help alleviate anxiety and speed recovery. If you want to be an informed patient, consider these suggestions to guide your discussions with your doctor about what to expect before, during, and after your C-section.

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When to Visit a Fertility Clinic?

Pregnancy preparation might be difficult. It's important to consider all of your alternatives if you want a kid but are having problems conceiving.

It's easy to forget that infertility is an issue for both men and women. There is an equal possibility that either the men or the woman in a partnership will experience infertility issues. A fertility specialist should be considered for at least one of the seven reasons listed below.

You Should Get Tested for Fertility.

The fertility specialist will go over your medical history and explain the fertility tests you and your spouse (if you have one) will need to have during your initial consultation.

Tests will consist of things like a physical and a look at the sperm. The doctor will typically order an ultrasound and a specialist X-ray to check out the womb's inner workings.

So, let's talk about when it's time to see a fertility doctor; Exactly what are the symptoms that warrant a trip to the doctor?

If you suspect that you have polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), then you should: One of the leading reasons why women can't become pregnant is PCOS. This hormonal imbalance makes it difficult for women to ovulate at regular intervals. Pregnancy can be challenging for a woman who does not ovulate frequently. Effective fertility medicines for PCOS are available as oral or injectable supplements that can be started as early as the first month of trying to conceive. Therefore, if your period is irregular, you should make an appointment with a fertility doctor.

Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissues that normally line the uterus develop elsewhere, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic cavities; if you experience any of these symptoms, it's possible you have endometriosis. The best person to advise you on therapy, which may entail surgery, is a fertility specialist. If you haven't had a period in over a month, you should see a fertility doctor so they can determine the cause.

Those that suffer from thyroid disease: Thyroid disorders affect one in eight females throughout the course of their lives, and up to 60% of those affected are undiagnosed. Hypothyroidism is a prevalent thyroid condition. It is recommended to see a fertility specialist in a timely manner if you suspect that low thyroid hormone levels are causing your menstrual periods to be irregular, as this may be affecting your ability to ovulate.

It is recommended that women over the age of 35 who are trying to conceive consult with a fertility doctor. After the age of 35, a woman's egg pool begins to decline, sometimes dramatically from its initial level. Your egg supply will be evaluated by a fertility expert who will then provide advice.

You should consult a fertility specialist if you are under the age of 35 and have been trying unsuccessfully for more than a year. In addition to examining your sperm and tubes, she will also examine your egg supply. Considering this in making plans for the future is a good idea.

Treatment for poor sperm count or quality should ideally begin under the supervision of a medical professional.

If you're over 40 years old: Thanks to modern medicine, it is just as safe to start a family after age 40 as it was before. However, pregnancy attempts are not without their own set of risks and potential complications. The quality and quantity of eggs both decline with age. When any of these factors decrease in elderly women, the risk of miscarriage increases. Therefore, you should see a doctor so you can talk about the risks, obtain an assessment of your current health, and learn what options you have.

In addition to the aforementioned circumstances, it may be time to see a fertility specialist if you have been diagnosed with cancer or have experienced multiple miscarriages. They will be in the best position to help you start a new chapter of your life that brings you joy and fulfilment.

Why You Shouldn't Wait to Get Help

Miscarriage risk rises with age, ovarian reserve decreases with each menstrual cycle, fertility screenings take days and often lead to more testing, alterations to one's lifestyle may be necessary before beginning therapy, and repeat attempts or delays are always possibilities.

So, What Should I Do Now?

To help you get pregnant as soon as possible, We offers a Couple Screening Package. Some of its parts are:

Screening tests for the female partner, include an ultrasound and an anti-mullerian hormone, and a high-sensitivity glycated haemoglobin blood test

Semen analysis and HBA1C are two examples of male partner screening testing.

This set of screening exams can help pinpoint the source of your infertility and direct you toward the best course of action.

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Uterine Fibroids: Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors & Treatment

What are uterine fibroids?

Fibroids, sometimes called leiomyomas, are benign tumours that develop from the uterine wall's muscle and connective tissue. Normal cell development prevents cancer in these cases (benign). The uterus, an organ in the female pelvis, has the shape of an inverted pear. Your uterus should normally feel around the same size as a lemon. The term "uterus" refers to the area of a woman's body where a foetus develops while she is carrying a child.

A fibroid tumour can develop into a single nodule or a group of tumours called a cluster. Some fibroid clusters are as little as 1 mm in diameter, while others can be as huge as 20 cm (8 inches) or more. They can grow to be as big as a watermelon as an extreme example. These tumours can form anywhere on or inside the uterus, including the wall, the cavity proper, and the outside. The size, quantity, and location of fibroid tumours inside and on the uterus can vary greatly from person to person.

Fibroids of the uterus can cause a range of symptoms, and what you feel may differ from what another woman with fibroids goes through. In light of the fact that no two cases of fibroids are the same, your treatment strategy will be tailored to your specific circumstances.

Who is likely to develop fibroids in the uterus?

A person's likelihood of having fibroids can be affected by a number of variables. Instances like these can include:

Excessive obesity and a weight that is more than 20% above what is considered healthy.

There appears to be a history of fibroids in your family.

To abstain from bearing children.

Periods beginning before puberty (getting your period at a young age).

Menopause occurs at an advanced age.

In what ways might one recognise uterine fibroids?

The vast majority of people who have fibroids never have any symptoms and don't need anything more than close monitoring by their doctor. Most fibroids are of this size or less. Asymptomatic fibroid refers to a fibroid in which the patient does not experience any symptoms. When fibroids grow to a certain size, they can produce a number of uncomfortable symptoms.

Period cramps and/or heavy bleeding (menstruation).

Intermenstrual bleeding.

Fullness or bloating in the lower abdomen.

Urinating often (this can happen when a fibroid puts pressure on your bladder).

Sexual discomfort.

Weakness or soreness in the low back.

Constipation.

Persistent bleeding at the vaginal entrance.

Impairment of urination or the inability to entirely empty the bladder.

stomach swelling/enlargement that gives the appearance of pregnancy.

Increase in the size of the fibroid even after menopause.

How can doctors identify fibroids in the uterus?

Commonly, fibroids are initially identified during a routine checkup. They are palpable during a pelvic exam and detectable during a gynaecological exam or prenatal care. In many cases, fibroids will be considered as a possible diagnosis if you describe severe bleeding and other relevant symptoms to your doctor. Multiple diagnostic options exist for confirming the presence of fibroids and pinpointing their precise location. Such examinations may consist of:

Ultrasonography: Ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of your interior organs. The ultrasound may be transvaginal or transabdominal, depending on the size of the uterus.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Magnets and radio waves are used in a procedure called magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to produce clear pictures of your organs on a computer.

Computed tomography (CT): Computed tomography (CT) is a scan that uses many X-ray images taken from different angles to create a detailed representation of your interior organs.

Hysteroscopy:The hysteroscopic examination of the uterus, often known as a hysteroscopy, is performed by inserting a thin, flexible tube fitted with a camera into the uterus to examine fibroids. To examine the uterus, a scope is inserted vaginally, advanced past the cervix, and afterwards withdrawn.

Hysterosalpingography (HSG): Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an in-depth X-ray of the uterus that involves injecting a contrast substance and then taking images. People who are also getting tested for infertility are the most likely candidates to use this.

Sonohysterography: Sonohysterography is an imaging procedure in which a tiny catheter is inserted transvaginally and saline is delivered into the uterine cavity. Your uterus will appear more defined in the ultrasound because of the additional fluid.

Laparoscopy:  In order to do laparoscopy, your doctor will make a small incision in your lower abdomen. To take a closer look at your internal organs, a tiny, flexible tube outfitted with a camera will be placed into your body.

Consequently, in the aforementioned, Dr. Poonam S. Upadhyaya, a renowned Obstetrician, Gynec Endoscopic Surgeon, and Infertility Specialist, helps elucidate the concerns surrounding the subject of Uterine Fibroids. The most common Fibroids symptoms, their origins, and treatment options have been briefly covered.

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Ectopic Pregnancy: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

It's important to note that ectopic pregnancies are extremely rare but pose serious health risks when they do occur. When a fertilised egg implants itself somewhere other than the uterus, usually in a tube, the resulting pregnancy is known as an ectopic. Therefore, the embryo will not be able to develop into a baby because the Fallopian tubes are too small.

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when an egg fails to make it to the uterus because of a faulty or damaged Fallopian tube. Initial symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy are similar to those of a normal pregnancy, making early diagnosis challenging. Because an ectopic pregnancy can be fatal to the mother if left untreated, treatment must begin as soon as possible after the diagnosis is made.

What is the causes of an ectopic pregnancy?

In many cases, it is unclear what triggers an ectopic pregnancy. However, there are a number of external factors that play a role in triggering this condition.

Damage to the fallopian tubes caused by scarring or inflammation, which can be the result of a previous medical condition, an infection, or even surgery.

Hormonal factors of various kinds can also play a role.

This condition may also arise from inherited abnormalities.

A woman's reproductive organs, including her Fallopian tube, can be altered in appearance and health by a number of medical conditions.

The problem, though, is that not every situation is the same. See a doctor right away if you experience any of the signs and symptoms of this condition.

Ectopic pregnancy symptoms

It's not uncommon for early signs of an ectopic pregnancy to mirror those of a normal pregnancy. Tenderness in the breasts and feeling sick are symptoms similar to those of a missed period. Additionally, a positive pregnancy test is confirmed. However, symptoms of ectopic pregnancy become more obvious as the embryo grows in a restricted space.

Mild vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain are the first symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy. The woman may also experience stomach cramps or shoulder pain. When and where an embryo implants can cause pain.

The fallopian tube or other reproductive organs may burst if the developing embryo grows too large. Heavier-than-usual blood loss occurs, along with possible dizziness, fainting, and shock. Another sign of an ectopic pregnancy is pain or pressure in the pelvic region, especially the shoulder. If any of these things happen to you, please see a doctor right away.

Lower abdominal pain could be experienced after a ruptured tube. You need to get in touch with your doctor or head to the ER right away; this is a medical emergency.

If you are currently using an intrauterine device (IUD) or have had your tubes tied in the past (either surgically or at the time of a C-section), you should talk to your doctor as soon as possible if you become pregnant. This is a high-risk group for ectopic pregnancies.

How is an ectopic pregnancy diagnosed?

Ectopic pregnancies are typically identified during routine doctor visits. Your doctor will perform several tests to first confirm a pregnancy, and then look for the ectopic pregnancy. The following are some examples of these examinations:

A urine test is performed by urinating into a cup or onto a test strip (typically in the shape of a stick) at home or in the office of your healthcare provider.

A blood test can determine the amount of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) present in the body. Pregnancy triggers the production of this hormone. Your serum beta-hCG level may also be referred to in this context.

Examination via ultrasonic means: An ultrasound is a type of imaging test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce an image of the organs and tissues inside of a patient's body. Pregnancies typically involve the use of an ultrasound. This test will help your doctor determine where in your uterus the fertilised egg has taken root.

After a pregnancy has been confirmed and the site of embryonic implantation has been identified, your healthcare provider can begin formulating a treatment strategy. Ectopic pregnancies are life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.

Fallopian tube rupture necessitates immediate medical attention at an emergency room. There would be no time to schedule an appointment if a crisis arose.

Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment

Because a fertilised egg cannot develop normally outside of the uterus, an ectopic pregnancy always ends in failure. Treatment for ectopic pregnancies should begin as soon as possible after diagnosis, as delaying care may increase the risk of complications. Medicine and surgery are both viable options.

Medicine

Methotrexate is the medication that will be prescribed by your doctor. The treatment will soon be over. Once an egg is fertilised, its cells cease dividing and are absorbed by the body. The Fallopian tubes are spared.

Surgical Procedures

In this method, a procedure called laparoscopy is used to end the pregnancy. In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut near the belly button and pulls out the pregnancy. This is done with the help of a small camera on a surgical tool. This is what most people do. In some cases, this surgery causes scarring in the fallopian tube, so the fallopian tube needs to be removed.

Ectopic Pregnancy and Successful Conception

It's similar to experiencing a miscarriage at a very early stage of pregnancy, and that's always a tough pill to swallow. But the good news is that more than half of all women who have it can go on to have one or more healthy pregnancies in the future, despite the risk of having another one.

Your overall health and the state of your fallopian tubes are the two most important factors in determining your fertility and the likelihood of a healthy pregnancy.

All of your questions and concerns about ectopic pregnancies and infertility can be answered by Dr. Poonam S. Upadhyaya, a renowned Obstetrician, Gynec Endoscopic Surgeon & Infertility Specialist.

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Menopause : Causes, Symptoms and treatment

When a woman has gone 12 months without having her period, she has reached menopause and is no longer fertile. In most cases, it manifests itself between the ages of 45 and 55, though it can appear earlier or later in life.

Hot flashes and weight gain are just two of the unpleasant menopause symptoms. Most women can safely go through menopause without seeking medical attention.

Your menstrual periods will stop when you reach menopause. If you haven't had a menstrual period in a year, that's when you'll know for sure. There is no set age for menopause to begin, but the average onset is around 51 years of age.

Menopause is a normal part of a woman's life cycle. However, menopause's physical symptoms, like hot flashes, and emotional symptoms can make it difficult to get a good night's rest, sap your energy, and negatively impact your mental health. Adjustments to one's way of life, as well as hormone therapy, are among the many available, highly-effective treatments.

Symptoms

You might experience some or all of the following symptoms in the perimenopausal period (months to years before menopause):

Infrequent or absent periods

Dryness of the vaginal membranes

Flushes of heat

Chills

Nighttime perspiring

Disorders in sleeping

The mood swings

Consequences: gaining weight and a sluggish metabolism

A loss of hair volume and skin dryness

Reduced breast volume

Symptoms, such as menstrual changes, can manifest differently in different women. Your period will likely become irregular before it finally stops.

Perimenopause vs. menopause vs. postmenopause

Menstrual cycles become more erratic as a symptom of perimenopause. Your periods may be late, or you may completely skip one or more periods. Alterations in menstrual flow are also possible.

When menstruation stops for a year or more, it's considered menopause.

Years after menopause are called postmenopausal.

Why does menopause occur?

The ovaries naturally produce fewer reproductive hormones as they age, resulting in the onset of menopause.

Changes in the body's physiology start to occur when there are decreased amounts of:

Oestrogen

progesterone

testosterone

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (FSH)

Anabolic androgenic hormone (LH)

Loss of functional ovarian follicles is a prominent feature of this transition. Follicles in the ovaries store and release eggs from the ovary wall, a process that triggers menstruation and ovulation.

How does one identify menopause?

If your menopause symptoms are severe enough to interfere with your daily life, or if you are younger than 45 but experiencing them, it is important to discuss your situation with your doctor.

A new blood test known as the PicoAMH Elisa diagnostic test was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration Trusted Source. If a woman has entered menopause or is approaching it, this test can help confirm it.

Summary

Menopause is a natural occurrence in the reproductive lifecycle of a female. However, due to specific lifestyle changes, it may happen prematurely. Hence in the above article Dr. Poonam S. Upadhyaya, a renowned Obstetrician, Gynec Endoscopic Surgeon & Infertility Specialist helps clarify the issues surrounding the subject of female menopause. She has briefly discussed the most typical menopause symptoms, their causes, and the available treatments.

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Hysterectomy: Purpose, Procedure, Benefits, Recovery

A hysterectomy is a procedure in which the uterus is surgically removed. An operation in which the uterus and, mostly, the cervix are removed is called a hysterectomy. In addition to the uterus, other organs and tissues, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes, may be removed during a hysterectomy. During pregnancy, the uterus serves as the baby's primary place of development. The blood you lose during menstruation forms its inner lining. After a hysterectomy, a woman can no longer get pregnant naturally and will no longer have her period. Multiple factors, such as:

Painful fibroids in the uterus that can bleed or disrupt fertility

Prolapse of the uterus, a condition in which the uterus slides out of its normal position and into the vaginal canal.

Uterine, cervix, or ovarian cancer

Endometriosis

Abnormal vaginal bleeding, chronic pelvic pain

Adenomyosis (uterine thickening) are all common conditions which may require a hysterectomy

Having a hysterectomy for reasons other than cancer is typically a last resort.

What are the different kinds of hysterectomy?

The type of hysterectomy recommended for you will be discussed with your doctor. This will help decide whether or not you need surgery to remove your ovaries and/or fallopian tubes.

Complete hysterectomy involves eliminating the uterus and cervix but preserving the ovaries.

Supracervical hysterectomy refers to the removal of the upper portion of the uterus while leaving the cervix in place.

To remove the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes (salpingectomy), and ovaries, a procedure known as a "total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy" is performed (oophorectomy). Menopause symptoms will begin if and when the ovaries are removed.

The uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, vaginal lining, and lymph nodes in the pelvic region can all be removed during a radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. This hysterectomy procedure is used to remove a uterus due to cancer.

How is a hysterectomy performed?

There are various techniques for carrying out a hysterectomy. A general or regional anaesthetic is necessary for any procedure. To ensure that you remain pain-free throughout the procedure, a general anaesthetic will be used to put you to sleep. A regional anaesthetic will be used to numb everything below the waist, but you will be fully awake and aware throughout the procedure. Sometimes, a sedative will be added to this type of anaesthetic so that you can sleep through the procedure.

Abdominal Hysterectomy

In an abdominal hysterectomy, the uterus is removed via a large incision in the abdominal wall. The cut can be made transverse, or it can be vertical. Scarring is usually minimal or nonexistent after either type of incision heals.

Vaginal Hysterectomy

A vaginal hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus through natural orifice, that is, the vagina. There are no outward incisions, so no scarring will occur.

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

A laparoscopic hysterectomy is one in which a laparoscope,along with  a very small video camera, is used. A laparoscope is a long, thin tube that has a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera on the front.

There are incisions made in the patient's stomach where the instrument is placed. Instead of one large incision, three or four smaller ones are made. The uterus is operated as in conventional hysterectomy and the specimen is either removed intact through the vagina or in pieces if too large.

Takeaway

A hysterectomy is a procedure in which the uterus is surgically removed from a woman’s body . There are several variations of hysterectomies; your doctor will help you determine which is ideal for you.

Although this operation is common and generally safe, it is not without its risks, and patients may experience emotional distress as a result.

Please consult your doctor and know about the practical aspects of this procedure before a surgery . A hysterectomy can be life-saving for some women and a great relief for many sufferers.

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Health is not something to be ignored till is gets visibly bad

It is something to be nurtured with good thoughts & habits to prevent ill health & to take help at the earliest to restore it when problems appear .