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Political System: Corruption

WHAT IS CORRUPTION?

The term corruption is a defined as the abuse of entrusted power for personal or private gain. It has become so widespread that it is broken down into several categories, based on the sector in which it occurs, and the amounts of money lost, or other damages it causes.

CORRUPTION HAS MANY CAUSE/EFFECTS ON SOCIETY, COSTING PEOPLE THEIR HARD-EARNED MONEY, THEIR FREEDOM, THEIR HEALTH, AND SOMETIMES EVEN THEIR LIVES. THIS SEVERITY OF CORRUPTION IS OFTEN DEFINED BY HOW WIDESPREAD ITS EFFECTS ARE LIKELY TO BE.

Politicians

Persons who is professionally involved in politics, especially as a holder of or a candidate and elected to an office. We all know that when we heard “politicians” the first thing that come into our mind is corruption because this time some of politicians are involved in corruption.

2. IMPROPER ALLOCATION OF FUNDS

Improper allocation of funds or resources has always been a controversial in many countries. That is primarily because the allocation of a country’s wealth depends heavily on politicking, lobbying or manipulation of funds. This is a controversial process termed as the politics of resource allocation.

The evidence of these undesirable practices are easily seen in the following:

Roads that get narrower than planned or get potholes in less than a year.

Bridges that easily collapse upon the slightest gush of flood waters.

Low quality educational material.

No improvement in the lives of marginalized communities despite funds allocated for their benefit.

3.GREED

According to 60 minutes vanity-fair-poll-greed. Eight out of 10 Americans feel that politicians are mostly driven by greed and have their own best interests in mind, while only 17 percent feel they are mostly driven by good and have their constituent’s best interest in mind.

4.Poverty

Is the scarcity or lack of certain amount of material possessions or money. The condition in which a person/community lacks the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. If there’s a poverty there’s a tendency that people will be involved in corruption because this is the way for them to have an income to supply and provide their needs.

THESE ARE THE FOLLOWING SOLUTION THAT CAN HELP TO PREVENT CORRUPTION:

IMPEACHMENT

Impeachment is the process by which a legislative body formally levels charges against high official of government. Impeachment does not necessary mean removal from office/ government; it is only a formal statement of charges to an indictment in criminal law (corruption, murder or fraud), and is thus only the first step towards removal. Once an individual is impeached, he or she must then face the possibility of conviction via legislative vote, which then entails the removal of the individual from office/ government.

VIGOROUS PUNISHMENT

Punishment can be effective in some cases, you can probably think of a few examples of when a punishment does not reduce a behaviour. Prison is one example. After being sent to jail for a crime, people often continue committing crimes once they are released from prison.

References:

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/poverty.asp

http://www.corruptie.org/en/corruption/what-is-corruption/

http://www.deadlysins.com/greed/

https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment

https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/basics/punishment

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Natural System:Global Warming

What is Global Warming?

            Global warming describes the current rise in the average temperature of Earths air and oceans. Global warming as often described as the most example of climate change.

           Earths climate has changed many times. Our planet has gone through multiple ice ages, in which ice sheets and glacier covered large portions of the Earth. It has also gone through warm periods temperatures were higher than they are today. According to the IPCC’s (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) most recent post in 2007 Earth’s average surface temperatures have risen about 0.74 degrees Celsius 1.33 degrees Fahrenheit during the past 100 years. The increase is greater in Northern latitudes. The IPCC’s also found that the land regions are warming faster than oceans. The IPCC states that the most of the temperature increase since the mid- 20th century is likely due to human activities.

Causes of Global Warming

   1. The Greenhouse Effect

                 - global warming occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants and greenhouse gases collect in the atmosphere and absorb sunlight and solar radiation that have bounced off the earths surface. Normally, this radiation would escape into space but these pollutants, which can last for years to centuries in the atmosphere, trap the heat and cause the planet to get hotter.

           2. Burning of Fossil Fuels

                    - when we burn fossil fuels like coal, and gas to create electricity or power to our cars, we release CO2 pollution into the atmosphere.

          3. Deforestation

                      - deforestation is also a large contributor to excessive C02 in the atmosphere. In fact, deforestation is the second largest anthropogenic (human made) source of carbon dioxide. When trees are killed, they release the carbon they have stored during photosynthesis. According to the 2010 Global Forest Resources Assessment, deforestation releases nearly a billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere per year.

            4. Farming

                     - animals. livestock like sheep and cattle, produce methane, a greenhouse gas. When livestock grazed at a large scale, as in Australia, the amount of methane produced is a big contributor to global warming.

 Effects of Global Warming

               The Global warming, doesn’t just meaning warming which is why “climate change” has become the trendier term among researchers and policy makers. While the globe is become hotter or average, this temperature increase can have paradoxical effects. such as more serious snowstorms. There are several big ways climate change can and will affect the globe: by melting ice, by drying out already areas by causing weather extremes and by disrupting the delicate balance of the oceans.

The best solutions to Global Warming are the following:

               - Reducing the amount of electricity generated from coal and gas, and increasing the amount of electricity from clean, renewable energy sources like hydro, solar and wind.

               - Preventing deforestation as well as planting trees, through reforestation and afforestation, are important actions in the fight against global warming.

                - Changes in framing practices could also reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For example, farms use large amounts of nitrogen- based fertilizers, which increase nitrogen oxide emissions from the soil. Reducing the use of these fertilizers wold reduce the amount of this greenhouse in the atmosphere.

 References:

https://www.nrdc.org/stories/global-warming-101

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-causes/

http://www.wwf.org.au/what-we-do/climate/causes-of-global-warming