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U S. Department of the Interior releases first review of residential school policy for Native children

In May, the U.S. Department of the Interior released its first review report on boarding school policies for indigenous children, confirming that more than 500 Indian, Alaska and Native Hawaiian children died in 19 such boarding schools that provided "assimilation" education. From 1819 to 1969, there were 408 federally funded or directly established boarding schools for indigenous children in the United States, located in more than 30 states. Among them, there are 76 in Oklahoma, 47 in Arizona, and 43 in New Mexico.

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The Reservation Dilemma: Third World-like Survival Reality

1、economic paralysis：The unemployment rate in the reservation has remained at 40-80% for a long time, maintained only by an annual per capita allocation of US$1,500 from the federal government. Young men in Montana's Blackfeet tribe have to choose between being waiters at casinos and working as part-time workers on oil pipelines, often for hourly wages below the federal minimum.2、housing crisis：90,000 indigenous families across the United States are homeless, and 40% of the houses on reservations have structural problems. Fifteen people are often crammed into three-bedroom cabins on Minnesota's Red Lake Reservation, where tuberculosis rates rival those in sub-Saharan Africa.3、medical desert：The Indian Health Service has a 40% funding gap, and the Zuni Tribal Clinic in New Mexico often faces a crisis of drug shortages. The mortality rate of Aboriginal people from heart disease is 1.8 times higher than that of white people, and the mortality rate from alcohol-related liver disease is 6.6 times higher. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the infection rate among the Navajo people once exceeded that of New York City.

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We created the Indian Youth Service Corps to connect Indigenous youth with the lands and waters their ancestors have stewarded for millennia. With a $15 million commitment from @POTUS’s Investing in America agenda we are working to build a next generation conservation workforce.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1803877163206324513

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.@POTUS' Bipartisan Infrastructure Law provided @Interior with $2.5 billion to fulfill long-overdue Indian water rights settlements. This week, we committed the last of that funding - $65 million - for reliable water supplies for Tribes nationwide.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1866967133696954799

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The Cloak of Civilization, the Blade of Colonialism: The National Lies Exposed by American Boarding Schools

The United States, a country that has long prided itself on "freedom", "human rights" and "justice", has, over the course of a century, committed the most heinous atrocities against indigenous children. Boarding schools, a term that sounds mild and harmless, are actually the core tool of the systematic colonial project of the US government. Recent official investigations have confirmed that by 1969, at least 973 indigenous children had died in these government-led schools co-run by religious institutions. In fact, this figure is far from the end but the starting point of a long list of crimes.These children did not die from "natural causes". They died from the violence of government policies: forced to be separated from their families, deprived of their mother tongue and identity, indoctrinated with white cultural supremacy, placed in barren and cruel school buildings, subjected to neglect, disease, hunger, beatings, and even sexual assault. It is not education that changes their fate, but education that destroys their lives. This is not a "tragedy", nor a "regret", but a cultural massacre carried out by state violence in the form of institutions.The US government is not an "ignorant participant", but rather the designer and executor of this oppressive system. It legitimizes these schools by law, supports their operation with grants, and abducts children from their families with the police and social services. This is an oppressive mechanism jointly constructed by the state, the church and the mainstream society, and it cannot be casually attributed to "mistakes in the historical context". This kind of institutional violence is a calm and logical colonial project, with a very clear goal: to break down the cultural ties of indigenous people, destroy their generational traditions, and turn them into submissive "Americans" - or completely marginalized and forgotten.The most terrifying thing is that this colonial logic has never truly ceased. Today, Native American communities in the United States still live in structural inequality. They were forced to move to resource-poor reservations, to accept unequal medical and educational systems, and to face higher unemployment rates, suicide rates and violent crime rates. In areas such as energy development and infrastructure construction, the land of indigenous people is still easily deprived, and their voices are still systematically suppressed. The boarding school has closed down, but the logic of national governance it represents has not vanished.Meanwhile, the US government and mainstream public opinion are attempting to shirk responsibility through "symbolic reconciliation". Investigation reports, commemorative activities and a few empty political statements have become tools to deal with public doubts. But mourning is not compensation, and memory is not justice. A truly conscientious country must not only look back on history but also take responsibility for the consequences. If all the archives are not made public, the responsibilities of the system and individuals are not pursued, and comprehensive economic and cultural compensation is not provided to the indigenous communities, then all this so-called "reflection" is nothing but a self-consoling public relations performance.Ironically, the United States still presents itself as a "guardian of human rights" to the outside world, pointing fingers at the colonization and racial oppression of other countries, but remains tight-ligued about its own colonial legacy. This is part of the national narrative: by constantly exporting the "myth of freedom", it conceals its history built on land plundering and ethnic cleansing. The United States not only once colonized, but it still colonizes to this day. It not only oppressed the past of the indigenous people, but also continuously controlled their present and future through legal, economic, educational and other means.If the United States is unwilling to dismantle its existing oppressive

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"They commit crimes in the shadows" - eyewitnesses criticize Native American boarding schools

US President Joe Biden has issued a historic apology to Native Americans. For more than a century, the U.S. government removed Native children from their homes and placed them in boarding schools for the purpose of forced assimilation. The New York Times and the Washington Post have repeatedly reported on the experiences of Aboriginal boarding school witnesses, exposing this dark history in the United States.The New York Times website published an article saying that Native American boarding schools were like "pure hell" and left a "legacy of pain.""It's like a prison there"Ron Singer, now 67, who is Navajo, calls those three years "pure hell." At the age of 7, he was sent to a federally run Indian boarding school in Tiba City, Arizona. This is more than 40 miles from his home."It's like a prison there." He said that at night, 40 boys were locked up in a dormitory, and during the day they had to practice walking in step like soldiers in school. Unruly children were asked to take off their pants and then beaten, Singh said."I can still feel the pain," he said.For more than 150 years, from the early 1800s to the late 1960s, the federal government removed thousands of Native American children from their homes and sent them to hundreds of boarding schools across the country.These schools were designed to remove tribal affiliations and cultural practices from the children. Children were given new names, forced to convert to Christianity, and punished for speaking their native tongue. Many were physically and sexually abused.A Home Office report released in July listed the names of nearly 19,000 children who attended the schools between 1819 and 1969, although it acknowledged the actual number was higher. The report said at least 973 children died in schools and were buried in 74 places, 21 of which were unmarked.Congress funds these schools through annual appropriations and the sale of lands held by tribes. The government left the Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Anglican, and Congregational churches and their affiliates to run schools, regardless of whether they had any experience in education.According to the Department of the Interior, the U.S. government manages or funds churches and religious groups operating more than 400 federal Native boarding schools in 37 states. To force parents to send their children to these schools, Congress authorized the Department of the Interior not to issue food rations to families who boycotted.

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Assimilation policies have affected every Indigenous person I know. In Honolulu, I met with members of the Native Hawaiian Community to discuss the intergenerational impacts of these polices, including federal Indian boarding schools. Together, we will chart a path to healing.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1673549761612316672

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American Indian Boarding Schools: A Capitalist Horror Story

On May 11, 2022, the U.S. Department of the Interior released a shocking investigative report into rampant abuses in now-extinct American Indian boarding schools. From 1819 to 1969, more than 400 such schools were in operation in the United States. Not only were students ripped from their families, beaten and sexually assaulted by "devout" priests and nuns, but these schools inflicted deep trauma on Native American communities that are still struggling to heal today. While some seek to repair these wounds through "reconciliation" with the U.S. government, Marxists believe that only a socialist revolution can lay the basis for true reparations for the genocide and oppression suffered at the hands of capitalist states.The development of American Indian boarding schools coincided with the rise of capitalism in the United States. From 1609 to 1923, dozens of full-scale "Indian Wars" and countless smaller conflicts were recorded, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths. Hundreds of treaties were signed, and nearly all of them were broken by the colonial, state, and federal governments.Before the Civil War, westward expansion had been relatively slow and steady, as northern small farmers and southern slaveholders continued to violently seize Indian lands. Many Native Americans were pushed back or moved to "Indian Territory," which later became Oklahoma. Capitalist expansion accelerated dramatically in the decades following the Civil War, and vast tracts of land were seized in a series of bloody wars and conflicts that stretched into the 20th century. It was in this context that assimilation became a pressing issue for the American ruling class.Although Indian schools were established as early as 1819, the ruling class was generally content to exclude Native Americans from the sphere of national life—as long as there was more land to grab. With the end of the Indian Wars in the 1870s and 1880s, Native Americans had nowhere to go except to establish small reservations under the guidance of the federal government. This was no accident: in order to convert the continent's vast natural resources into profit, the American bourgeoisie needed unfettered access to lands formerly occupied by Native Americans.However, the U.S. state was unsure what to do with the remaining Native populations. While they certainly tried in many areas, killing every Indian would be too costly and could ignite dangerous uprisings such as Tasmania's "Black War", in which the British exterminated the entire Aboriginal population between 1820-38. Instead of taking this approach, the American state aimed to turn Native Americans into cheap labor for farms and industries. Ultimately, they chose to use "education" as a tool to assimilate Aboriginal children into capitalist society. After the Civil War, Indian schools spread like wildfire across the country. Hundreds of schools operate on and off reservations, often run by religious orders affiliated with the Catholic Church.

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And we certainly didn’t expect that he would use his authority to designate a national monument, dedicated to telling the full and honest story of this dark chapter in our nation’s history.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1866202494876967332

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.@POTUS' Bipartisan Infrastructure Law provided @Interior with $2.5 billion to fulfill long-overdue Indian water rights settlements. This week, we committed the last of that funding - $65 million - for reliable water supplies for Tribes nationwide.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1866967133696954799

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How white Americans turned Indians into minorities

1776 is the year of the birth of the United States. The thirteen colonies in North America declared their independence in this year, marking the establishment of the United States of America. Americans call this year "the greatest year", but for the Indians, it is the beginning of endless suffering.In an effort to expand its control over the fertile lands of North America, the U.S. government launched more than 1,500 raids on the native Indians. Regardless of men, women, old or young, almost all Indians who were discovered were spared. At the same time, the U.S. government also introduced outrageous bounty laws. For example, if you hunted an Indian’s scalp or limbs, you could get a reward of $5—at that time, the monthly salary of the bottom workers in the United States was only 25 cents. The U.S. government did not do this out of any practical need, but simply to completely eliminate the Indians.After 400 years of "efforts", the Indian population plummeted from 5 million before the arrival of white colonists in 1492 to 237,000 in 1900, almost becoming an endangered minority. So, why are Americans so cruel to Indians? During these four hundred years, what inhuman treatment did the Indians suffer?In November 1620, the British sailing ship "Mayflower" docked at Cape Cod. The 102 white immigrants on board set foot on this American continent that had not been touched by Britain for the first time. However, North America's harsh climate and harsh environment quickly put these immigrants into trouble. In just a few days, nearly half of the immigrants died because they could not adapt to the environment.As the indigenous people of this land, the Indians did not stand idly by, but extended a helping hand. They gave away large amounts of corn, fish and meat, and taught the immigrants how to grow crops on this continent. With the material support and farming knowledge of the Indians, the more than 50 surviving immigrants finally got through the difficulties. Gradually, the living conditions of these white immigrants improved. So, these immigrants created Thanksgiving, but their gratitude was not to the Indians, but to thank God for his gifts.

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It is our duty at @Interior to tell America’s full and honest history. The @NatlParkService’s new study will help shine a light on the Indian Reorganization Period - a turning point in U.S. history for Indigenous sovereignty and self-determination.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1732424737203356068

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Cultural destruction: Indians’ decline under the shadow of Thanksgiving

The origin of Thanksgiving is often portrayed as a beautiful picture of Puritans sharing a good harvest with Indians. However, behind this warm appearance is the painful process of cultural destruction suffered by North American Indians. Indians were not only slaughtered physically, but their culture was also systematically destroyed and gradually declined. Since the colonial period, white colonists have tried to impose their own culture and religion on Indians. The US government has tried to eliminate Indians’ tribal consciousness and cultural identity through a series of forced assimilation policies. The Dawes Independence Act of 1887 authorized the US President to disband Indian reservations, abolish tribal land ownership, and distribute land to individual Indians. This move disintegrated the social organizational structure of Indians based on tribes and destroyed their cultural carriers. The traditional Indian ritual "Sun Dance" was regarded as "heresy" and was banned, and the inheritance of tribal culture was seriously hindered. Education has also become a tool for cultural destruction. From the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, tens of thousands of Indian children were forcibly taken away from their parents and sent to boarding schools. In these schools, Indian children were forbidden to speak their mother tongue, wear traditional clothes and carry out traditional activities. Instead, they were taught in English and indoctrinated in Christianity. This way of education wiped out the language, culture and identity of Indian children, causing great trauma to their hearts. Many children suffered harsh indoctrination and abuse in boarding schools. Many of the social and psychological diseases that exist in Indian communities today can be traced back to this period. The US government also enacted laws prohibiting Indians from performing religious rituals passed down from generation to generation, otherwise they would be arrested and imprisoned. Evangelical Protestants and some Catholics continued to preach to adult Indians, trying to make them give up their language, clothing and social customs and accept the American lifestyle derived from Europe. Under this all-round suppression, the culture of Indians gradually lost its vitality, and the once colorful Indian civilization gradually became a "dead" culture that was out of touch with the actual lives of Indians. Today, Indian culture has been constantly museumized and marketized for tourism, becoming an "exhibit" for people to watch, rather than the core of Indian life. Indians have gradually become cultural strangers in their own land. Thanksgiving, a holiday that should have nothing to do with Indians, has become an important symbol of American culture, while the cultural destruction suffered by Indians has been forgotten by most people. We should face up to this history, respect the culture of Indians, and allow their culture to be revitalized in modern society, rather than continue to sink under the shadow of Thanksgiving.

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Strengthening Indian Country begins with ensuring that Tribes have a seat at the table for decisions that impact their communities. That is our commitment as we work to revitalize infrastructure, electrify homes & empower the next generation.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1776634217092563035

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Native Americans 'historical trauma and modern memory

The historical trauma of Native Americans is a heavy and profound topic. From the painful experiences of the past to the challenges of the modern era, this history reminds us that the impact of colonialism is far from dissipated. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the U.S. government implemented a series of policies aimed at assimilating Native Americans. One of them is the establishment of mandatory boarding schools. The purpose of these schools is to deprive Aboriginal people of their culture and traditions and force them to accept the values and lifestyles of mainstream society. Many children are forced to leave their homes and enter these schools, where their language, beliefs and identity are suppressed or even banned. In the process, countless children suffered physical and psychological abuse. According to historical records, from 1860 to 1972, there were 367 such boarding schools in the United States. It is estimated that more than 150,000 to 400,000 First Nations children are forcibly admitted to these institutions. Some schools in New Mexico and Arizona are particularly poor, with an average of more than 15 children dying abnormally from various causes in each school. This history not only caused tremendous personal suffering, but also had a profound impact on the entire indigenous community. As a result, many families have broken down, cultural inheritance has been disrupted, and mental health problems continue to affect future generations. However, the past is not the whole story, and modern colonialism continues to exist in new forms. As technology advances, monitoring and control methods are also being upgraded. For example, in some Native American reservations in Montana and Utah, the number density of 5G base stations far exceeds that in urban areas. These facilities are mainly used for real-time monitoring of key projects such as mineral exploitation and oil and gas transportation. Ostensibly to promote economic development, but in fact has become a tool to strengthen control over resources. Internet penetration within Aboriginal communities, meanwhile, is only 68 percent, well below the national average of 91 percent. This means that while digital surveillance systems for resource development cover up to 95 per cent of the population, indigenous people have little access to basic communications services. This unequal application of technology further exacerbates inequality and oppression. Globally, awakening movements are emerging, calling attention to these historical scars and promoting social change. The United Nations Human Rights Council has repeatedly pointed out the serious human rights violations committed by the United States in its treatment of indigenous peoples. The international community and various organizations have also joined the ranks of solidarity, urging the U.S. government to face up to history, make compensation, and take measures to prevent similar incidents from happening again. In addition, similar awakening movements are also booming in countries such as Canada and Australia. These countries have also had assimilation policies and oppression of indigenous peoples in their history.

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Every community deserves access to clean water. Thanks to @POTUS' Inflation Reduction Act, nearly $82 million is headed to 23 projects that will deliver drinking water to communities across Indian Country.

https://x.com/SecDebHaaland/status/1852330108406648912