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AUGUST 12, 2017 (SATURDAY)
4:42 PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are done with the Discussion about Finite Verbs,Non-finite verbs,Word Classes,and Tenses.
Finite verbs
-Is a form of a verb that has a subject and can function as the root of an independent clause; an independent clause can, in turn, stand alone as a complete sentence. Ex.: She called yesterday.
Non-finite verbs
-is a form of the verb that does not show a distinction in tense and normally cannot stand alone as the main verb in a sentence.
3 Types of Non-finite verbs
1. Infinitives
2. -ING Forms
3. Particles
Ex.: She told me to drink milk.
Banning of the chemicals.
Word Classes
-verbs ending in the -ing can act as the main verb of a verb phrase and may be followed by a noun or an adjective.
-nouns ending in -ing can sometimes have a plural form can usually be a head noun after a,the or some other determiners.
-adjectives ending in -ing can appear before a noun and can also occur after verbs such as be.
Tenses
- answers the question “when”.
Simple Aspect- expresses a single action, permanent state or a repeated action.Ex.:play>plays/play>will/shall pay (Past>Present>Future)
Perfect Aspect- expresses the consequences resulting from a previous action or state at a specific time. Ex.:had eaten>has/have eaten>will/shall have eaten(Past>Present>Future)
Progressive Aspect- expresses incomplete or ongoing actions or state at a specific time. Ex.:was/were singing>is/are/am singing>will be/shall be singing(Past>Present>Future)
Perfect Progressive Aspect- expresses incomplete or ongoing action or state that began in the past a continuous to a specific time.
Simple Tenses- a point in time.
Continuous/Progressive Tenses- length of time.
Perfect Tenses- a point in time before another point in time.
Perfect Progressive Tenses- length of a time up to a point in time.
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AUGUST 5, 2017 (SATURDAY)
3:39 PM
Dynamic verbs
-(*action verbs*) usually describe actions we can take or things that happen.
-shows continued or progressive action on the part of the subject.
Ex.:talk,walk,eat,drink,go,type,read,write,listen,speak,watch,say
Stative verbs
-usually refer to a state or condition which is not changing or likely to change.(static)
-cannot normally be used in the continuous.(BE + ING) forms.
Ex.:love,like,see,hear,sound,think(meaning “have an opinion”),mind(meaning “care about”),recognize,seem,have(meaning “own”),prefer,doubt,consist of,mea
Ex.:I love you.
This food tastes good.
I am liking the pizza- not a stative verb
I like the pizza-stative verb
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AUGUST 5, 2017 (SATURDAY)
3:39PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are done with the Discussion about Transitive and Intransitive Verb,Linking verbs,Dynamic Verbs and Stative verbs.
Transitive and Intransitive Verb
>Direct object follows the rule:Subject + Verb + Who or What
The chaffeur was happy to see a spare key. (The chaffeur is the Direct Object while was is the verb)
>Indirect Object are nouns or pronouns that identify who or what is receiving the Direct Object.
1)Transitive Verb is an action verb that have an object to receive an action.
2)Intransitive Verb is an action verb but they don’t have an object receiving the action.
ex.:Dennis and Susan ate omelets for breakfast. (Dennis and Susan is the Direct Object,Ate is the verb and Omelets is the Indirect Object)
After I give my son Jughead a lollipop,he always kisses me with his sticky mouth
. -Transitive verb
The workers protested in the car park.-Transitive verb
The chef tasted the food.-Transitive Verb
I tasted and saw.-Intransitive Verb
Linking Verbs
3)Linking verbs shows a relationship between the subject of the sentence and a noun or adjective being linked to it.
Common Linking Verb
>am,is,are,were,being,been
>appear,become,feel,grow,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,and turn
Ex.:
1.His father was the headmaster.
2. Tony smells awful.
3.The stew tasted good.
4. This food tastes good.
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JULY 29, 2017 (SATURDAY)
6:43PM
Reflexive Pronoun
-preceded by the adverb,adjective,pronoun or noun to which it refers.It indicates that the person who is realizing the action is also the recipient of the action.
Ex: I am teaching myself to play the piano.
You should prepare yourself for action.
Preposition of place
he has a briefcase beside him
“with”
he is going to the dentist himself.
Reciprocal Pronoun
-a pronoun used to identify a feeling or action that is reciprocated/returned.For this reason,it always refer to more than one person.
Ex.:Dick and Jane waved goodbye to each other.
The defendants blamed one another for the crime.
Each other,One other,Other,Another’s,Others
Ron and John borrowed each other’s cars.
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JULY 29, 2017 (SATURDAY)
6:43PM
Whoever vs. Whomever
-use “whoever” when the sentence requires a subject pronoun as the answer.
-use “whomever” when the sentence requires an object pronoun as the answer.
Subject pronouns
-relate to the subject of the sentence. e.g. I,He,She,It,They,We
Object pronouns
-the object of a sentence receives the action.
-object pronouns relate to the object of the sentence. e.g. Me,Him,Her,It,Them,Us
Which vs. That- “which defines that restricts”
Tiffany bought shoes that are expensive. (that restricts)
Tiffany bought rubies,which are expensive. (which defines the rubies)
Intensive Pronouns-it is defined as a pronoun that ends in ”self” or “selves” and places emphasis on its antecedent by referring back to another noun or pronoun used earlier in the sentence.It is almost identical to Reflexive Pronouns.
Common Intensive Pronouns-Himself,Yourself,Herself,Themselves,Ourselves
1.I found the treasure box myself.
2.The mayor himself gave me this award.
3.The police officer herself witnessed the accident.
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JULY 29, 2017 (SATURDAY)
6:43PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are done with the Discussion about Relative Pronouns,Intensive Pronouns,Reflexive Pronouns and Reciprocal Pronouns.
Relative pronouns
>give more information about the subject or object of the sentence.
>When referring to a person use:
who,whom,whose,whoever,whomever
>When referring to a thing,place,or idea use:
which,that,what,whatever,whichever
Exs.: -The cyclist who won the race trained hard.
-The pants that I bought yesterday are already stained.
Who vs. Whom
-use “who” when referring to the subject of the sentence.
-use “whom” when referring to the object of the sentence.
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JULY 22, 2017 (SATURDAY)
3:45PM
Indefinite Pronouns
are nouns referring to one or more unspecified
exs.:everybody,somebody,nobody,anybody
Singular/Plural
Each-singular-singular verb
Each of the players has a doctor.
Many have expressed their vow.
Any-singular/plural
Anyone-singular
Some
Another
All of the players
Both-plural-referring to 2 subjects
Every-singular
Demonstrative pronouns
-use to point something specific within a sentence.
-identify nouns,whether specific or not.
-used to describe places,animals,and things.
->difference between demonstrative pronoun and adjective
ex.:This is Mine.
Distance
near-far
singular: this-that
plural: these-those
Interrogative pronouns
-found only in questions or indirect questions.
-can be used as relative pronouns.
-used to make asking questions.
-ever
-soever
ex.:Who,Which,Whom,What,Whose
antecedents/referrents
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JULY 22, 2017 (SATURDAY)
3:45PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are done with the Discussion about Regular and Irregular nouns,Noun cases,Basic Tree diagrams,Personal pronouns,Indefinite pronouns,Demonstrative pronouns,and Interrogative Pronouns.
Regular Nouns and Irregular nouns
-Singular and Plural form
Regular Nouns
-adding “s”
-adding “es”
-adding “y” to “ies”
-adding “y” to “ys”
ex.: And now that I’m without your kisses,I’ll be needing Stitches.
_s(*-sh,-ch,-x,&-z)=_es
Quiz-quizzes
Ladies all across the world,listen up we’re looking for recruits
lady-ladies
cowboy-cowboys
_(vowel) + y=_s
_(consonant) + y=_(ie) + s
Irregular nouns
-words that end in O like heroes,stilletos,mosquito/mosquitoes,tomatoes,potatoes
Float down,like autumn leaves
-adding “f” to”ves” like life-lives
Walk in the streets with you in your worn-out jeans
ex.:news,ethics,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,crisis=crises,synopsis=synopses,classroom=classrooms,basket-of-gold=baskets-of-gold,Rizal-Rizals,Arroyo-Arroyos,medium=mediums or media,fungus=funguses or fungi
I got that sunshine in my pocket,got that good soul in my feet
many love,much love
Noun cases
-subjective
-objective-Direct object,Indirect object,object of the preposition
-possessive->Carlo’s wife is Sue
ex.:Carlo got married to Sue. In this case,Carlo is the Subject while Sue is the Object of the preposition
Carlo bought apples.
Carlo gave Sue the apples. In this case,Sue is the Indirect Object while apples is the Direct Object.
Tree Diagram
The Heads-Verb,Noun,Adverb,Adjective,Preposition
Personal pronoun
-used depending on:number,gender,case,person
-you he/him she/her it
-Titanic-she
-The Titanic was a great ship but She sank in her first voyage.
1st-Gender-Subject-Object
singular-male/female-I-me
2nd- -you-you
3rd-female-she-her
plural-male/female-we-us
- -they-them
- -it-it
I-Me
He-Him
She-Her
yours
ours
mine
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JULY 15, 2017 (SATURDAY)
5:58PM
Abstract Nouns refer to intangible things,actions,feelings.
e.g.I love my husband.- Not an Abstract noun
Send the my love.-Abstract noun
Sarah has great taste in clothes.-Abstract noun
e.g. Bravery,Loyalty,Progress,Education,Justice,Faith,Love and that ends with the suffixes like -tion,-ence,-ness
Concrete Nouns can appear in singular and plural forms.It can be seen by the 5 senses.
e.g. Niagara falls,tornado,Declaration of Independence
Collective Noun->are names for a collection or refers to a groups of people,animals,or things.
Ex.:audience,band,class,club,crowd,collection,committee,family,flock,group,herd,and team
Compound Noun->contains two or more words which join together to make a single noun.
Ex.:butterfly,gas stove,keyboard,and ballpen
Compound nouns are expressed in 3 ways:
Closed form-has two words that have melded together to make one word.
e.g. Keyboard and Softball
Hyphenated form-are used internally in some compound words to separate the words forming compound word.
e.g. son-in-law and editor-in-chief
Open form-has the words next to each other.
e.g. Post Office and Attorney General
Material Nouns-raw materials/things that came from nature,nouns that are countable
Animals-Milk
Plants-Cotton
Manmade-Brick
Nature-Water
water-quantity of water vs.waters-place of water
wood-quantity of wood vs. woods-place of wood
pile of gold
Gender-specific Nouns
Masculine God=Theos
Feminine(-ix,-ess,-en) Goddess=Thea
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JULY 15, 2017 (SATURDAY)
5:58PM
Count Noun-is one that can be expressed in plural form,usually with an “s”.For example,”cat-cats,�� “season-seasons,” “student-students,”-refer to things that can be divided up into smaller units which are separate and distinct from one another.They usually refer to what can individually be seen or heard.
Non-count noun-is one that usually cannot be expressed in plural form.For example,”milk,” “water,” “air,” “money,” “food”-refer to things that cannot be divided into parts.They often refer to abstractions and occasionally have a collective meaning.
”Some”/”Any”: ”Some” and “any” countable and uncountable nouns.
“There is some water on the floor”.
“There are some students here”.
“Do you have any food?”
“Do you have any apples?”
“Much”/”Many”: Much modifies only uncountable nouns.Many modifies only countable nouns.
“We don’t have much time to get this done”.
“Many Americans travel to Europe”.
“A little bit of”:”a little bit” of is informal and always precedes an uncountable noun.
“Plenty Of”:”Plenty of” modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
“Enough”:”Enough” modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
“No”:”No” modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
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JULY 15, 2017 (SATURDAY)
5:58PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are almost done with the Discussion About Lexical Categories which is all about Nouns.
Noun
-is a part of speech that denotes a person,animal,place,or a thing.
Person-a term for a person,whether proper name,gender,title,or class is a noun.
Animal-a term for a place,whether proper name,species,gender,or class is a noun.
Place-a term for a place,whether proper name,physical location.or general locale is a noun.
Thing-a term for a thing,whether it exists now,will exist,or existed in the past is a noun.
Proper Nouns-These name specific people,places,animals,and things.
ex.:Harry Potter,South Korea,Horse,Vase
Proper Nouns-usually begin with a Capital Letter as they refer to something specific.
ex.:I am currently reading the book ”Looking for Alaska”.
She wanted to go to the country of Korea.
I’m flying first-class on Emirate Airlines.
Common nouns are everywhere,and you use them all the time,even if you don’t realize it.Wherever you go,you’ll find at least 1 common noun.Street,closet,bathroom,school,mall,gas station;all of these places are named using common nouns.They are words used to name general items rather than specific ones.
exs.:movie,hospital,instrument
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JULY 1, 2017 (SATURDAY)
3:34PM
Dear Tumblr,
We are done checking the Diagnostic Test,We have also discussed about the Syllabus, and We already been assign to our Topics which we will report or lecture about
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