#Asphalt_and_Bitumen

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Cold asphalt

Cold asphalt Similar developments took place after environmental issues and the remoteness of some road construction workshops from asphalt plants provided the incentive to use cold asphalt. It has been implemented on roads and streets.

Cold asphalt has created new challenges for engineers accustomed to hot asphalt. While hot asphalt is based on the viscoelastic properties of bitumen, bituminous asphalt introduces other new factors and conditions for successful implementation. The surface chemistry of the materials is extremely important and the properties of the bitumen should be adjusted depending on the rock properties of the materials.

Cold asphalt mix theory The function of cold asphalt is such that it covers the material during mixing or compaction of broken bitumen and then increases with its strength time. Increased strength is due to the expulsion of water from the material and the clotting and joining of bitumen droplets together. In this situation, the characteristics of the initial workability or storage of materials and the increase of mechanical strength in situ are requirements that are not compatible with each other. By adjusting the properties of the bitumen in such a way that a workable mixture for several days or weeks will cause a delay in the consistency of the compacted mixture and as a result will increase the consistency of the asphalt. If the bitumen is designed to break quickly, then the strength of the asphalt mix will increase rapidly and its service life will be very short. For this reason, the field is open for new technologies to solve these problems and turn the process of applying cold asphalt into something like hot asphalt.

The introduction of HAUC characteristics motivated the development of cold asphalts that did not exist before. One result of the development work done is the development of technology that allows the transfer of knowledge and experience gained to other fields such as foundation, binder and pavement. Finally, it is possible to build a road where all the layers are composed only of cold asphalt mixtures.

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bitumen emulsions

Fast-breaking bitumen emulsions, slow-breaking bitumen emulsions and late-breaking bitumen emulsions Exporter of various types of emulsion bitumen, including fast bitumen emulsions, slow-breaking bitumen emulsions and slow-breaking bitumen emulsions.

Bituminous emulsion breaker Unstable bituminous emulsion breakers break down very quickly on the surface of the material, leaving a very thin layer of bitumen.

Their main uses are in sealing with stone materials, sealing with sand, surface asphalts and penetrating macadam.

Accelerating emulsion bitumen have a high mental slowness in order not to flow on the road surface.

Bitumen emulsion breaker This category includes bitumen-emulsion breakers, which are more stable than fast-breaking emulsions and can be mixed with heavy materials.

Because they do not break immediately after contact with the aggregates and the asphalt composition maintains its efficiency for a few minutes.

Slow-breaking emulsion bitumen is usually produced in mobile asphalt plants or used in the form of mixed asphalt on site.

Slurry emulsion bitumen gives a better coating to stone materials at high ambient temperatures.

Refractory bitumen emulsion This category includes refractory emulsion bitumen, which have a very high stability after contact with stone materials.

This emulsion bitumen can be used with stone aggregates with continuous granulation and large amounts of fines.

Bitumen emulsifiers have a small amount of psychedelics that can be further reduced by adding water.

When diluted, this group can be used for surface coating, pavement sealing without the use of aggregates and dust suppression.

If a faster breaking rate is required in the asphalt mix, for example in bitumen mortar, a refractory emulsion can be added to Portland cement or hydrated lime.

When emulsion bitumen from a mixture of bitumen emulsion in water such as asphalt or tar is used as a binder or coating for applications such as road asphalt, waterproof embankments, roof, paint and floor covering, sufficient bonding between the bed surface such as aggregate is necessary. Get sand, soil, cement concrete or metal and bitumen. This product is produced from a mixture of bitumen and aqueous phase for various uses, including single coat, prime coat, cold asphalt and asphalt repair, which is divided into three categories: cationic, anionic and neutral, depending on the type of rock material. The two-phase rate of the mixture is classified into four groups: fast breaker, fast breaker, slow breaker and slow breaker. This product complies with environmental requirements and is a suitable alternative to soluble bitumen.

Deposition of emulsion bitumen on surfaces However, the surface of such substrates on which the bitumen emulsion is applied is generally so hydrophobic that it will be difficult for the bitumen to adhere if there is enough water. Therefore, it is necessary for water to evaporate and evaporate before the bitumen settles. This means that the drying time is sufficient for the bitumen to precipitate after the substrate is prepared, and therefore the drying time will be longer. If conditions such as high humidity and low temperature are added, the construction time will be longer. In addition, if there is rain during the rainy season, the applied bitumen will not be able to deposit on the bed surface, but will probably disappear. In addition, if the area of ​​fine aggregate or soil is large and the mixing emulsion is mixed with a porous material, the water in the emulsion is quickly removed by absorbing water through the pores by capillary action and wetting.

From the surface of the material, the affinity between the wet material as mentioned above and the bitumen will be short, and therefore the bitumen particles in the emulsion will only combine with each other, but will not be able to act as a binder between the materials and if Bitumen is due to the action of water such as rainwater or groundwater due to the above properties inherent in the aggregate. Bitumen is separated from the surface of the material.

Performance of fast-breaking emulsion bitumens, slow-breaking bitumen emulsions and late-breaking bitumen emulsions Bitumen emulsion is used to stabilize wind sand, asphalt the surface of dirt roads to prevent dust, and to prepare bitumen mixtures to stain pavements.

Bitumen spraying         Surface coating without aggregate         Penetration coating for permeable surfaces         Surface coating         Dust Address         Mulching         Filling the cracks         Immediate and non-immediate repairs and staining

Cold asphalt mixtures         Mixed asphalt in place         Protective and sealing asphalts         One-layer surface asphalt         Multilayer surface asphalt         Lined sealing with stone materials         Lined with sand

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Bitumen in road construction

Bitumen in road construction Bitumen in road construction means black adhesives used in road construction, which include bitumen and tar materials. The main property of bitumen is that it sticks the stone grains together and turns them into a single body. Bitumen is a black body made of a large number of hydrocarbons.

Pure bitumen is solid or semi-solid at ambient temperature and is liquefied by heat. Bitumen dissolves in mineral oils and solvents such as carbon sulfide, carbon tetrachloride and ethylene trichloride. Tar, which is black but brown in color, is obtained by distilling gases from heating coal, wood, and schist rocks. This substance is called raw tar and is obtained by refining that tar. Tar is produced in very small quantities in Iran and its use in road construction works is not common in the country. Types of bitumen There are two main types of bitumen used in road construction. If it is obtained from a mine, it is called natural or mineral bitumen, and if it is obtained from the refining of crude oil, it is called petroleum bitumen or refinery. Petroleum bitumen should be used in road construction. If the use of mineral bitumen is in the desired projects, the mixing ratio of petroleum or mineral bitumen should be specified in the private technical specifications.

Petroleum bitumens Bitumens obtained from crude oil refining are divided as follows according to the type and conditions of its use in road construction and other industrial uses.

Pure bitumen Bitumens that are obtained directly from the refinery vacuum in the distillation tower or briefly exposed to the aeration process are called pure bitumens. These bitumens should be homogeneous and free of water and should not foam at 176 degrees Celsius. Pure bitumen deforms into a thick, watery liquid due to pressure and heat, and is elastic and springy at low temperatures.

Soluble bitumen Soluble bitumen, or back bitumen, is obtained by dissolving pure bitumen in solvents or petroleum oils. The type and quality of soluble bitumen depends on the quality of the original pure bitumen, the type and amount of solvent. The higher the amount of petroleum solvents in the bitumen solution, the greater its fluidity. Usually, the percentage of solvent used in soluble bitumens varies from 20 to 50%. Soluble bitumen is used in road construction for surface coatings, infiltration, surface asphalt, cold factory asphalt or on-site mix. Soluble bitumens are divided into the following three groups according to the setting speed and the type of solvent.

Instant soluble bitumens If gasoline is used to dissolve pure bitumen, dissolved bitumen is called quick-setting. Because the solvent in the bitumen evaporates shortly after the consumption of bitumen and the main bitumen remains. Quick bitumen is classified into four types in terms of RC-70, RC-250, RC-800, RC-3000.

Solution bitumen Slow bitumen is made by dissolving pure bitumen in kerosene, which is slower and longer than gasoline. Slab contraction joints should intersect at the openings for columns, and should intersect at the openings for columns, at a minimum of 30 to a maximum of 6,000 cm.

Delayed bitumen solution In addition to dissolving pure bitumen in refractory oils and petroleum solvents, such as diesel or black oil, retardant soluble bitumens can be obtained directly from the distillation of crude oil, such as pure bitumen, from which solvent oils have not yet been separated. It takes a long time for these bitumens to fully set after consumption. In fact, retarded bitumens do not evaporate under normal climatic conditions, but undergo molecular deformation that is relatively gradual and long.

Blown bitumen Pure bitumens are pressurized at 200 to 300 ° C to combine the hydrogen atoms in the bitumen molecules with oxygen in the air, resulting in polymerization reactions that produce heavier hydrocarbons with lower penetration and softer points than bitumen. Have an initial net.

Blowed bitumen is not widely used in road construction. These bitumens are used to fill cracks in concrete pavements and to fill joints in concrete surfaces. The elasticity of blown bitumens is usually increased by the use of special chemical additives, and this condition remains constant even at low temperatures where pure bitumen becomes brittle. This type of blown bitumen, which is somewhat similar to rubber, is used to cover the floor of water pipes.

Functional bitumens Functional classification for bitumen selection in road construction has been developed by SHRP. In this classification, which is based on recognizing the behavior of bitumen and its functional characteristics, with the characteristics of resistance to deformation, resistance to cracking due to cold, resistance to cracking due to fatigue, prediction of how hard bitumen in the asphalt plant When preparing the asphalt mixture, how the bitumen hardens over time and with the tests specified in the specifications, and the appropriate bitumen according to the temperature of the project site, traffic, loading speed and geographical location selected It becomes.

Bitumen type and traffic conditions Traffic conditions including the type and amount of heavy traffic, how to load (fast, slow or static loading) and the total number of equivalent axes of 80 kN and traffic are effective in choosing the type of bitumen in each project. In general, the heavier the traffic, the denser and more directed it is, and the steeper and more steep the slopes and the more exposed to the intense sun, the harder the bitumen is used.

Based on SHRP research, bitumen consumption is determined by the condition that the asphalt mixture is under rapid loading. In slow loading mode, such as traffic at intersections, toll booths, crossing steep and long slopes, and generally traffic was slow and controlled

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What is cold asphalt? Its use in road construction

Application of cold asphalt in road construction: Cold asphalt (Cold Mix) is a mixture of rock materials and bitumen or bitumen emulsion whose raw materials are mixed at room temperature. Cold asphalt is prepared by mixing aggregates with soluble bitumen or bitumen at room temperature. And at the same temperature it spreads and condenses. The mixing time with bitumen can be wet, but with soluble bitumen, it must be dried at room temperature or under heat. Cold asphalt can be transported and then spread over long distances or stored in a workshop and used later. Stay with us until the end of this article.

What is cold asphalt? Its use in road construction Cold asphalt is prepared by mixing aggregates with soluble bitumen, bitumen or tar at ambient temperature and spreading and compacting at the same temperature. Aggregates can be wet when mixed with bitumen, but for soluble bitumen, the moisture content of the material must be dried at room temperature or under heat. Cold asphalt mixtures prepared with concentrated soluble bitumens such as 3000-MC or 3000-SC are practically mixed with bitumen at a temperature of 95 ° C or higher and spread and compacted within the same temperature.

Classification of cold asphalt Cold asphalts can be classified according to the following factors:

1- Method of preparing and applying asphalt 2- Cold asphalt granulation

Classification of cold asphalt in terms of method of preparation and implementation Cold asphalt can be divided into two categories according to the method of preparation and implementation:

Factory cold asphalt Cold asphalt mixed on site Factory cold asphalt Cold asphalt is prepared in fixed and central asphalt factories and then transported to the place of consumption for distribution. In cold asphalt plants, the necessary controls are observed to regulate granulation, distribution of aggregates and mixing with bitumen similar to hot asphalt. Of course, when using emulsion bitumen, provided that the moisture content of the material is not more than 3%, the heating or drying steps of the aggregates are often removed from the mentioned operation cycle. Stone materials are heated either under the conditions of using soluble bitumens or emulsion bitumens.

Cold asphalt mixed in place Cold asphalt mixed in place is divided into two categories:

A- The type of mixture in place, where the aggregates are spun along the path and sprayed with bitumen, and then the mixing and spreading operation is done with a grader or similar equipment. Cold asphalt prepared with soluble bitumen, the prepared asphalt mixture should be turned over and over again by machines (loaders and graders) in the open air as necessary to reduce the amount of solvent in the soluble bitumen.

B- The type of mixture in the mobile workshop, where the bitumen and aggregates are mixed in mobile factories and the prepared mixture is transported to the place of consumption for distribution.

Scope of application of cold asphalt Cold asphalt has three uses, which are:

Cold asphalt in road construction Maintenance of pavements In special cases such as the floor of sports venues Application of cold asphalt in road construction Cold asphalt is used in all layers of pavement, provided that all design criteria and traffic restrictions of the route are observed. This type of asphalt can be used in surface layers, bitumen base and foundation for light and medium traffic and in bitumen base layer for heavy and very heavy traffic. Cold asphalt is used in the surface layer in light and medium traffic conditions and its implementation. For conditions Heavy traffic is possible as a base layer. If the traffic situation changes from light to medium to heavy for the route in which this type of asphalt is used as a surface layer, hot asphalt should be used as a cover to prevent damage.

Application of cold asphalt in road repair and maintenance Staining of pavement failures is one of the most important road maintenance operations. In general, the use of high quality hot asphalt mixes, although more expensive, is more convenient, but in many areas, It is not possible to produce and apply hot asphalt throughout the year, staining operations can be done using cold depot mixtures. In general, cold asphalts are used in local repairs such as staining, filling holes, filling cracks and.. In general, two types of cold asphalt mixtures are used for staining operations and pavement repairs. They are cold asphalt mixture with immediate use and cold asphalt mixture with non-immediate use. Cold asphalt mixtures with immediate use can be produced in late summer or early fall, and for later use (during the colder months of the year), Chapter 1 - Introduction of cold asphalt types and their application in remote areas. Depending on the type of bitumen used in the preparation of cold asphalt, these mixtures can be used for up to six months and can be used without the use of heat.

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Import Drummed Bitumen from Iran Asphalt and Bitumen West Company has proceeded to pave the way for exporting drummed bitumen since 2013 by merchandising them and achieving international standards and certificates, which was finally accomplished by exporting MC30 bitumen (MC30 in 200 Kg blue drums) and other cutback grades for the first time in Iran. After a year, merchandising bitumen emulsion was inserted into company’s agenda, leading to accomplishment in country’s first bitumen emulsion export. At the present time, by dispatching hundred tons of cutback bitumen and emulsion bitumen filled within drums to major ports whole world, the company is indeed one of the key suppliers of bitumen, both cutback and emulsion, in the Middle East, allowing demanders to import bitumen from Iran. The company is able to supply and deliver bitumen as below-mentioned terms: - EXW: (EX-WORKS) delivery of goods at Asphalt and Bitumen West Company factory - FCA: (Free Carrier) delivery of stated goods at Kermanshah Customs - CPT: (Carriage Paid-to) delivery of goods at a specified destination - FOB: (Free on Board) delivery of goods on board - CFR: (Cost and Freight) delivery of goods at destination porthttps://www.europages.co.uk/ASPHALT-AND-BITUMEN-WEST-CO/00000005371099-682608001.html

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صادرات قیر ایران

شرکت مهندسی قیر و آسفالت غرب از ابتدای سال 1392 با عرضه محصولات در بورس کالای ایران و اخذ استانداردها و گواهینامه های بین المللی، صادرات محصولات قیری را آغاز نموده و سرانجام با صادرات قیر MC30 و سایر گریدهای قیرهای محلول برای نخستین بار در کشور مسیر صادرات مشتقات قیری را هموار کرد. پس از یک سال عرضه جهانی قیر امولسیون نیز در دستور کار شرکت قرار گرفت که منجر به صادرات این نوع قیر برای اولین بار در ایران شد. هم اکنون این شرکت با ارسال هزاران تن قیر محلول و امولسیون به صورت بشکه به بنادر مهم جهان یکی از کلیدی ترین تامین کننده های قیرهای محلول و امولسیون در خاورمیانه می باشد. این شرکت توانایی تامین و تحویل قیر را به روش های زیر داراست: EXW : تحویل کالا در درب کارخانه مهندسی قیر و آسفالت غرب واقع در کرمانشاه. FCA : تحویل کالای اظهارشده در گمرک کرمانشاه CPT : تحویل کالا در یک محل مشخص شده (عموماً برای تحویل بار به کشورهای همسایه) FOB : تحویل کالا بر روی عرشه کشتی CFR : تحویل بار در بندر مقصد

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Import Drummed Bitumen from Iran

Import Drummed Bitumen from Iran

Asphalt and Bitumen West Company has proceeded to pave the way for exporting drummed bitumen since 2013 by merchandising them and achieving international standards and certificates, which was finally accomplished by exporting

MC30

bitumen (MC30 in 200 Kg blue drums) and other

cutback

grades for the first time in Iran. After a year, merchandising

bitumen emulsion

was inserted into company’s agenda, leading to accomplishment in country’s first bitumen emulsion export. At the present time, by dispatching hundred tons of cutback bitumen and emulsion bitumen filled within drums to major ports whole world, the company is indeed one of the key suppliers of bitumen, both cutback and emulsion, in the Middle East, allowing demanders to import bitumen from Iran.

The company is able to supply and deliver bitumen as below-mentioned terms:

- EXW: (EX-WORKS) delivery of goods at Asphalt and Bitumen West Company factory

- FCA: (Free Carrier) delivery of stated goods at Kermanshah Customs

- CPT: (Carriage Paid-to) delivery of goods at a specified destination

- FOB: (Free on Board) delivery of goods on board

- CFR: (Cost and Freight) delivery of goods at destination port

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Asphalt and Bitumen West Company

Asphalt and Bitumen West Company, the foremost pioneer manufacturer of bitumen emulsion and cutback bitumen in western Iran, is indeed one of the current leading bitumen suppliers in Middle East with WEST BITUMEN commercial brand.

The factory is launched through cooperation with the French L.T.A Company in Bistoon industrial park in Kermanshah and has come into operation since 2011 with a potential production capacity of 100,000 tons a year.

One of the headmost assets acquired by the company is exporting bitumen emulsion and MC30 MC70 and MC3000 cutback bitumen special grades to global markets for the first time in Iran.

The company also holds an extensive record of road construction and road maintenance subsequent to its directors’ enduring experience as former major managers inMinistry of Roads and Urban Development Together with exceeding 30 regional representatives and expert executing staff, the company has succeeded in maintaining a large scale of country’s road network –approaching 4000 KMs of in recent years- by applying protective asphalt coats including –but not limited to-: fog seal, seal coat, surface asphalt and chip seal as either an executor or a contractor.

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