#The First Age 0456

[savage-kult-of-gorthaur]

"... MORGOTH... ISSUED FORTH CLAD IN BLACK ARMOUR; AND HE STOOD BEFORE THE KING LIKE A TOWER, IRON-CROWNED..."

PIC(S) INFO: Spotlight on a piece depicting Fingolfin, High King of the Noldor, dueling with Morgoth Bauglir, the Dark Enemy, at the Gates of Angband, Iron fortress to the Dark Lord in Northern Beleriand, at the feet of the Iron Mountains (Erin Engrin), the First Age (year 0456). Artwork by Ted Nasmith.

"Therefore Morgoth... issued forth clad in black armour; and he stood before the King like a tower, iron-crowned, and his vast shield, sable unblazoned, cast a shadow over him like a stormcloud. But Fingolfin gleamed beneath it as a star; for his mail was overlaid with silver, and his blue shield was set with crystals; and he drew his sword Ringil, that glittered like ice.

Then Morgoth hurled aloft Grond, the Hammer of the Underworld, and swung it down like a bolt of thunder. But Fingolfin sprang aside, and Grond rent a mighty pit in the earth.... Many times Morgoth essayed to smite him, and each time Fingolfin leaped away...; and he wounded Morgoth with seven wounds, and seven times Morgoth gave a cry of anguish, whereat the hosts of Angband fell upon their faces in dismay, and the cries echoed in the Northlands.

But at the last the King grew weary, and Morgoth bore down his shield upon him. Thrice he was crushed to his knees, and thrice arose again and bore up his broken shield and stricken helm. But the earth was all... pitted about him, and he stumbled and fell backward before the feet of Morgoth; and Morgoth set his left foot upon his neck.... Yet with his last and desperate stroke Fingolfin hewed the foot with Ringil, and the blood gushed forth black and smoking and filled the pits of Grond.

Thus died Fingolfin, High King of the Noldor, most proud and valiant of the Elven-kings of old. The Orcs made no boast of that duel at the gate; neither do the Elves sing of it, for their sorrow is too deep. Yet the tale of it is remembered still..."

-- "The Silmarillion," "Quenta Silmarillion," Chapter 18, "Of the Ruin of Beleriand and the Fall of Fingolfin," written by J.R.R. Tolkien (published posthumously in 1977)

Sources: http://oxfordinklings.blogspot.com/2011/08/of-fingolfin-and-morgoth-ii.html & www.henneth-annun.net/events_view.cfm?evid=1473.

[sandip10me]

Which Risk Factors Are Associated With Elevators?

Once an elevator is already installed in your life, you became dependent on it. Whether it is a house or commercial place, you use it on a daily basis. So, you must keep in your mind the few points, seems superfluous in normal eyes.

1. Getting stuck in an Elevator:

It is a common occurrence for an elevator. It may stop moving anytime for any technical faults. You start feeling embarrassed inside. Take a few notes on dos and don’ts at that time.

Do’s – (a) Hold your nerves steady. It depends upon the number of passengers. Don't over breath due to panic. It makes the inner air heavy. (b) Ring the alarm. Try to get the attraction of others to be informed. Let the technical person come, be patient till then. (c) Use another means to communicate. Use your cell phones to call emergency services it the network is available. (d) Better to divert your mind in any other thoughts for the time being.

Don’ts - (a) Don't jump up and down. It may make the problem more complicated. More time may be needed to rescue. (b) Never try to force open the door. It also may complex the situation. If the lift starts to move in open door condition, may arise more severe accidents. (c) Don't try to exit. Sometimes if you can get the passage to get out of the car, don't do it. It may affect the total balance and may cause damages to other co-passengers.

2. Cleaning of an elevator.

Elevators need regular maintenance. Cleaning them is a part of that. It depends upon the cleanliness of the premises where the elevator is working. So, keep the buildings tidy. The dirt and trash generally jumbled up on the tracks of the doors. Use any vacuum cleaner to remove them from the door tracks. In large cases, commercial elevators are made up of stainless steel, hence easy to handle. Rinse the walls and mirrors. Also, properly clean the lights and fans inside.

3. Safety methods for children.

Children get fun out of the elevator. They like to enjoy moving ups and downs. Being parents teach them the proper use of it.

i) Tell them not to rush when embarking. Let it stop properly, then to get in.

ii) Teach them not to push random buttons. First, to select where to go then to press the right button.

iii) Set a good example before them. Teach them how to get in and out an elevator so that any part of the body is not between the doors.

4. Waiting for the lift:

It is not always that you got your turn to get in the elevator at once. Many times, you have to wait for it. Be patient at this particular time. People became impatience and keep on pressing the buttons. Never do so. Understand that the time is prefixed and, in any case, that time will be taken by the elevator, you can't change it. Better distract your mind in any other job. Let it move in its own way.

5. Go for modern elevators:

Check the age of your lift. Updation is available in every field. Hence, update your elevator also. It saves electric consumption. It lowers the maintenance cost. Also, you are free for any uncertainty of break-down. Take the suggestion from the manufacturing company. If that not satisfies you go for any reputed elevator company, but make it.

These are a few points to keep in mind while you are a regular user of the elevator. It will help you.

Frankson Elevators and Escalators is one such elevator company which offers you safe and lucrative elevators and escalators.

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Contact Address: Chinar Park, Rajarhat opposite Teghoria Loknath Mondir K.R Plaza Ground floor Kolkata-700157. USA Toll-Free: 0013019603080. INDIA No : + 91 33 2516 0456 / 2516 0457/ 2986 0651. WhatsApp, WeChat: 9933715575. Hot Line 24X7 : + 91 9007556123. Email ID: franksonelevator@gmail.com.

[bettymya3]

Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant

Every day across America, countless people walk into   dental office feeling a little nervous, apprehensive, and hopeful that everything will go okay. Also, much of the time, the main individual they experience who’s ready to welcome them and set their nerves calm is the dental assistant.

There’s a lot of people that are not knowledgeable about dental assistants or the role they play as opposed to dental hygienists, the amount schooling it takes to enter the field, and what opportunities are available.

Here are some key things that anyone who’s considering a career in healthcare should know about dental assisting, so they can make the best informed decision.

There is a difference between dental assistants and dental hygienists,

Many people assume the two job titles are interchangeable and refer to the same position, but that’s not the case. While dental hygienists typically spend most, if not all, of their time handling clinical duties with patients, dental assistants are required to be much more versatile in their responsibilities.

Dental assistants take care of clinical tasks like applying sealants and fluoride treatments, taking impressions of patients’ teeth, sterilizing instruments, and assisting the dentist during a variety of treatment procedures; as well as front office duties such as greeting patients, scheduling patient appointments, processing billing and payments, and gathering patient histories.

A wide range of skills are necessary to succeed in the field.

In any given day, dental assistants will be taking care of both front-office administrative duties as well as clinical, patient-care responsibilities Dental hygienists need to be able to:

Communicate effectively with patients and other members of the dental care team

Be organized and have a keen attention to detail.

They need sharply developed clinical skills including excellent dexterity since they’ll be working with intricate and often small medical tools

Work well as part of a team

Bring compassion as a way to help put patients at ease

There’s a shortage of dental assistants and, as a result, exceptional growth projected in terms of employment opportunities.

It’s no secret in the healthcare industry that there are big opportunities out there in many fields. And dental assisting is no different. In fact, just a few years ago in a report published by CareerBuilder, dental assisting was identified as one of the top 10 occupations in healthcare facing major shortages.

There are a number of reasons causing this shortage, including an aging population and surging demand for healthcare services, to more widespread access to health insurance and advancing technology that’s resulting in increased demand. Either way, there’s no denying that there will be an ongoing need for dental assistants in Illinois and across the country.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, the need for dental assistants nationwide will grow 18 percent from 2014 to 2024—a rate much faster than average. And in Illinois, O*Net Online reports that in that same timeframe, there will be 470 dental assistant job openings statewide every year.

Dental assistants find a number of ways to advance their careers along interesting professional paths.

Many dental assistants are perfectly happy working that field throughout their career. At the same time, you’ll find others who, after time, decide to use their experience in dental assisting as a stepping stone to other things.

Some of these varied career paths include education, with experienced dental assistants returning to education and training programs to serve as instructors; medical/dental office managers, for dental assistants who prefer the administrative aspects of the profession over clinical work; dental product sales representatives; and for those who enjoy the clinical responsibilities, dental hygienist, which requires more schooling.

It doesn’t take a four-year or even two-year college degree program to become a dental assistant.

The typical educational requirement to enter the field is a certificate program, which usually can be completed in as little as 12 months, but don’t mistake the shorter program duration for ease of completion.

Top-notch dental assisting programs should be accredited, be supported by modern technology and simulation labs for hands-on training with feature experienced instructors who bring many years of working knowledge in the field, and a well-rounded curriculum that covers all areas that dental assistants are required to understand.

Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program

Established in 1902, Northwestern College has a rich history of serving students in the greater Chicago area who are looking for a quality education and training that’s focused and comprehensive. With programs in healthcare and business, Northwestern College offers accredited programs and is founded on the mission of meeting the distinct needs of each student who walks through its doors.

The Dental Assistant Program at Northwestern College is designed to prepare students to:

Apply infection control and safety guidelines in the dental setting.

Complete patient information on the dental record, including medical and dental histories, vital signs and tooth charting annotations.

Assist with or perform an extra/intraoral examination and record findings

Expose, process and mount dental radiographs using traditional and digital techniques.

Perform dental laboratory procedures.

Assist in managing medical emergencies.

Model professional behaviors, ethics, and appearance.

Effectively communicate with patients, family members, and other members of the healthcare team.

Exhibit professional conduct, including reliability, responsibility, honesty, and ethical behavior.

A Powerful Combination

With all of the professional opportunities afforded those looking for a career as a dental assistant, and with Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program, students will find a powerful combination for success.

Northwestern College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, 230 S. LaSalle St., Suite 7-500, Chicago, IL 60604, (312) 263-0456, www.hlcommission.org.

The post Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant appeared first on Northwestern College.

from Northwestern College https://www.nc.edu/big-opportunities-dental-assistant/ from Northwestern College https://northwesterncollege1.tumblr.com/post/165340978571

[ellielara]

Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant

Every day across America, countless people walk into  dental offices feeling a little nervous, apprehensive, and hopeful that everything will go okay. Also, much of the time, the main individual they experience who’s ready to welcome them and set their nerves calm is the dental assistant.

There’s a lot of people that are not knowledgeable about dental assistants or the role they play as opposed to dental hygienists, the amount schooling it takes to enter the field, and what opportunities are available.

Here are some key things that anyone who’s considering a career in healthcare should know about dental assisting, so they can make the best informed decision.

There is a difference between dental assistants and dental hygienists,

Many people assume the two job titles are interchangeable and refer to the same position, but that’s not the case. While dental hygienists typically spend most, if not all, of their time handling clinical duties with patients, dental assistants are required to be much more versatile in their responsibilities.

Dental assistants take care of clinical tasks like applying sealants and fluoride treatments, taking impressions of patients’ teeth, sterilizing instruments, and assisting the dentist during a variety of treatment procedures; as well as front office duties such as greeting patients, scheduling patient appointments, processing billing and payments, and gathering patient histories.

A wide range of skills are necessary to succeed in the field.

 In any given day, dental assistants will be taking care of both front-office administrative duties as well as clinical, patient-care responsibilities Dental hygienists need to be able to:

Communicate effectively with patients and other members of the dental care team

Be organized and have a keen attention to detail.

They need sharply developed clinical skills including excellent dexterity since they’ll be working with intricate and often small medical tools

Work well as part of a team

Bring compassion as a way to help put patients at ease

There’s a shortage of dental assistants and, as a result, exceptional growth projected in terms of employment opportunities.

It’s no secret in the healthcare industry that there are big opportunities out there in many fields. And dental assisting is no different. In fact, just a few years ago in a report published by CareerBuilder, dental assisting was identified as one of the top 10 occupations in healthcare facing major shortages.

There are a number of reasons causing this shortage, including an aging population and surging demand for healthcare services, to more widespread access to health insurance and advancing technology that’s resulting in increased demand. Either way, there’s no denying that there will be an ongoing need for dental assistants in Illinois and across the country.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, the need for dental assistants nationwide will grow 18 percent from 2014 to 2024—a rate much faster than average. And in Illinois, O*Net Online reports that in that same timeframe, there will be 470 dental assistant job openings statewide every year.

Dental assistants find a number of ways to advance their careers along interesting professional paths.

Many dental assistants are perfectly happy working that field throughout their career. At the same time, you’ll find others who, after time, decide to use their experience in dental assisting as a stepping stone to other things.

Some of these varied career paths include education, with experienced dental assistants returning to education and training programs to serve as instructors; medical/dental office managers, for dental assistants who prefer the administrative aspects of the profession over clinical work; dental product sales representatives; and for those who enjoy the clinical responsibilities, dental hygienist, which requires more schooling.

It doesn’t take a four-year or even two-year college degree program to become a dental assistant.

The typical educational requirement to enter the field is a certificate program, which usually can be completed in as little as 12 months, but don’t mistake the shorter program duration for ease of completion.

Top-notch dental assisting programs should be accredited, be supported by modern technology and simulation labs for hands-on training with feature experienced instructors who bring many years of working knowledge in the field, and a well-rounded curriculum that covers all areas that dental assistants are required to understand.

Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program

Established in 1902, Northwestern College has a rich history of serving students in the greater Chicago area who are looking for a quality education and training that’s focused and comprehensive. With programs in healthcare and business, Northwestern College offers accredited programs and is founded on the mission of meeting the distinct needs of each student who walks through its doors.

The Dental Assistant Program at Northwestern College is designed to prepare students to:

Apply infection control and safety guidelines in the dental setting.

Complete patient information on the dental record, including medical and dental histories, vital signs and tooth charting annotations.

Assist with or perform an extra/intraoral examination and record findings

Expose, process and mount dental radiographs using traditional and digital techniques.

Perform dental laboratory procedures.

Assist in managing medical emergencies.

Model professional behaviors, ethics, and appearance.

Effectively communicate with patients, family members, and other members of the healthcare team.

Exhibit professional conduct, including reliability, responsibility, honesty, and ethical behavior.

A Powerful Combination

With all of the professional opportunities afforded those looking for a career as a dental assistant, and with Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program, students will find a powerful combination for success.

Northwestern College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, 230 S. LaSalle St., Suite 7-500, Chicago, IL 60604, (312) 263-0456, www.hlcommission.org.

The post Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant appeared first on Northwestern College.

from https://www.nc.edu/big-opportunities-dental-assistant/ from Northwestern College http://northwesterncollege1.blogspot.com/2017/09/take-advantage-of-big-opportunities-as.html

[stacicori]

Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant

Every day across America, countless people walk into  dental offices feeling a little nervous, apprehensive, and hopeful that everything will go okay. Also, much of the time, the main individual they experience who’s ready to welcome them and set their nerves calm is the dental assistant.

There’s a lot of people that are not knowledgeable about dental assistants or the role they play as opposed to dental hygienists, the amount schooling it takes to enter the field, and what opportunities are available.

Here are some key things that anyone who’s considering a career in healthcare should know about dental assisting, so they can make the best informed decision.

There is a difference between dental assistants and dental hygienists,

Many people assume the two job titles are interchangeable and refer to the same position, but that’s not the case. While dental hygienists typically spend most, if not all, of their time handling clinical duties with patients, dental assistants are required to be much more versatile in their responsibilities.

Dental assistants take care of clinical tasks like applying sealants and fluoride treatments, taking impressions of patients’ teeth, sterilizing instruments, and assisting the dentist during a variety of treatment procedures; as well as front office duties such as greeting patients, scheduling patient appointments, processing billing and payments, and gathering patient histories.

A wide range of skills are necessary to succeed in the field.

 In any given day, dental assistants will be taking care of both front-office administrative duties as well as clinical, patient-care responsibilities Dental hygienists need to be able to:

Communicate effectively with patients and other members of the dental care team

Be organized and have a keen attention to detail.

They need sharply developed clinical skills including excellent dexterity since they’ll be working with intricate and often small medical tools

Work well as part of a team

Bring compassion as a way to help put patients at ease

There’s a shortage of dental assistants and, as a result, exceptional growth projected in terms of employment opportunities.

It’s no secret in the healthcare industry that there are big opportunities out there in many fields. And dental assisting is no different. In fact, just a few years ago in a report published by CareerBuilder, dental assisting was identified as one of the top 10 occupations in healthcare facing major shortages.

There are a number of reasons causing this shortage, including an aging population and surging demand for healthcare services, to more widespread access to health insurance and advancing technology that’s resulting in increased demand. Either way, there’s no denying that there will be an ongoing need for dental assistants in Illinois and across the country.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, the need for dental assistants nationwide will grow 18 percent from 2014 to 2024—a rate much faster than average. And in Illinois, O*Net Online reports that in that same timeframe, there will be 470 dental assistant job openings statewide every year.

Dental assistants find a number of ways to advance their careers along interesting professional paths.

Many dental assistants are perfectly happy working that field throughout their career. At the same time, you’ll find others who, after time, decide to use their experience in dental assisting as a stepping stone to other things.

Some of these varied career paths include education, with experienced dental assistants returning to education and training programs to serve as instructors; medical/dental office managers, for dental assistants who prefer the administrative aspects of the profession over clinical work; dental product sales representatives; and for those who enjoy the clinical responsibilities, dental hygienist, which requires more schooling.

It doesn’t take a four-year or even two-year college degree program to become a dental assistant.

The typical educational requirement to enter the field is a certificate program, which usually can be completed in as little as 12 months, but don’t mistake the shorter program duration for ease of completion.

Top-notch dental assisting programs should be accredited, be supported by modern technology and simulation labs for hands-on training with feature experienced instructors who bring many years of working knowledge in the field, and a well-rounded curriculum that covers all areas that dental assistants are required to understand.

Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program

Established in 1902, Northwestern College has a rich history of serving students in the greater Chicago area who are looking for a quality education and training that’s focused and comprehensive. With programs in healthcare and business, Northwestern College offers accredited programs and is founded on the mission of meeting the distinct needs of each student who walks through its doors.

The Dental Assistant Program at Northwestern College is designed to prepare students to:

Apply infection control and safety guidelines in the dental setting.

Complete patient information on the dental record, including medical and dental histories, vital signs and tooth charting annotations.

Assist with or perform an extra/intraoral examination and record findings

Expose, process and mount dental radiographs using traditional and digital techniques.

Perform dental laboratory procedures.

Assist in managing medical emergencies.

Model professional behaviors, ethics, and appearance.

Effectively communicate with patients, family members, and other members of the healthcare team.

Exhibit professional conduct, including reliability, responsibility, honesty, and ethical behavior.

A Powerful Combination

With all of the professional opportunities afforded those looking for a career as a dental assistant, and with Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program, students will find a powerful combination for success.

Northwestern College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, 230 S. LaSalle St., Suite 7-500, Chicago, IL 60604, (312) 263-0456, www.hlcommission.org.

The post Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant appeared first on Northwestern College.

from https://www.nc.edu/big-opportunities-dental-assistant/

from Northwestern College - Blog http://northwesterncollege1.weebly.com/blog/take-advantage-of-big-opportunities-as-a-dental-assistant

[northwesterncollege1]

Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant

Every day across America, countless people walk into   dental office feeling a little nervous, apprehensive, and hopeful that everything will go okay. Also, much of the time, the main individual they experience who’s ready to welcome them and set their nerves calm is the dental assistant.

There’s a lot of people that are not knowledgeable about dental assistants or the role they play as opposed to dental hygienists, the amount schooling it takes to enter the field, and what opportunities are available.

Here are some key things that anyone who’s considering a career in healthcare should know about dental assisting, so they can make the best informed decision.

There is a difference between dental assistants and dental hygienists,

Many people assume the two job titles are interchangeable and refer to the same position, but that’s not the case. While dental hygienists typically spend most, if not all, of their time handling clinical duties with patients, dental assistants are required to be much more versatile in their responsibilities.

Dental assistants take care of clinical tasks like applying sealants and fluoride treatments, taking impressions of patients’ teeth, sterilizing instruments, and assisting the dentist during a variety of treatment procedures; as well as front office duties such as greeting patients, scheduling patient appointments, processing billing and payments, and gathering patient histories.

A wide range of skills are necessary to succeed in the field.

  In any given day, dental assistants will be taking care of both front-office administrative duties as well as clinical, patient-care responsibilities Dental hygienists need to be able to:

Communicate effectively with patients and other members of the dental care team

Be organized and have a keen attention to detail.

They need sharply developed clinical skills including excellent dexterity since they’ll be working with intricate and often small medical tools

Work well as part of a team

Bring compassion as a way to help put patients at ease

There’s a shortage of dental assistants and, as a result, exceptional growth projected in terms of employment opportunities.

It’s no secret in the healthcare industry that there are big opportunities out there in many fields. And dental assisting is no different. In fact, just a few years ago in a report published by CareerBuilder, dental assisting was identified as one of the top 10 occupations in healthcare facing major shortages.

There are a number of reasons causing this shortage, including an aging population and surging demand for healthcare services, to more widespread access to health insurance and advancing technology that’s resulting in increased demand. Either way, there’s no denying that there will be an ongoing need for dental assistants in Illinois and across the country.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, the need for dental assistants nationwide will grow 18 percent from 2014 to 2024—a rate much faster than average. And in Illinois, O*Net Online reports that in that same timeframe, there will be 470 dental assistant job openings statewide every year.

Dental assistants find a number of ways to advance their careers along interesting professional paths.

Many dental assistants are perfectly happy working that field throughout their career. At the same time, you’ll find others who, after time, decide to use their experience in dental assisting as a stepping stone to other things.

Some of these varied career paths include education, with experienced dental assistants returning to education and training programs to serve as instructors; medical/dental office managers, for dental assistants who prefer the administrative aspects of the profession over clinical work; dental product sales representatives; and for those who enjoy the clinical responsibilities, dental hygienist, which requires more schooling.

It doesn’t take a four-year or even two-year college degree program to become a dental assistant.

The typical educational requirement to enter the field is a certificate program, which usually can be completed in as little as 12 months, but don’t mistake the shorter program duration for ease of completion.

Top-notch dental assisting programs should be accredited, be supported by modern technology and simulation labs for hands-on training with feature experienced instructors who bring many years of working knowledge in the field, and a well-rounded curriculum that covers all areas that dental assistants are required to understand.

Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program

Established in 1902, Northwestern College has a rich history of serving students in the greater Chicago area who are looking for a quality education and training that’s focused and comprehensive. With programs in healthcare and business, Northwestern College offers accredited programs and is founded on the mission of meeting the distinct needs of each student who walks through its doors.

The Dental Assistant Program at Northwestern College is designed to prepare students to:

Apply infection control and safety guidelines in the dental setting.

Complete patient information on the dental record, including medical and dental histories, vital signs and tooth charting annotations.

Assist with or perform an extra/intraoral examination and record findings

Expose, process and mount dental radiographs using traditional and digital techniques.

Perform dental laboratory procedures.

Assist in managing medical emergencies.

Model professional behaviors, ethics, and appearance.

Effectively communicate with patients, family members, and other members of the healthcare team.

Exhibit professional conduct, including reliability, responsibility, honesty, and ethical behavior.

A Powerful Combination

With all of the professional opportunities afforded those looking for a career as a dental assistant, and with Northwestern College’s Dental Assistant Program, students will find a powerful combination for success.

Northwestern College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, 230 S. LaSalle St., Suite 7-500, Chicago, IL 60604, (312) 263-0456, www.hlcommission.org.

The post Take Advantage of Big Opportunities as a Dental Assistant appeared first on Northwestern College.

from Northwestern College https://www.nc.edu/big-opportunities-dental-assistant/

[dupont]

Eleuthère Irénée du Pont set sail for America in 1799, narrowly escaping the French Revolution and unknowingly setting himself on a course to shape history. Explore the fascinating life of the immigrant whose business is still to striving solve the world's biggest challenges through science centuries later.

When 29-year-old Eleuthère Irénée du Pont set sail for America in 1799, he had no idea he’d soon found a company that would change the course of science and business in the United States. That company would also, many years later, play a key role in the “westward expansion” that would be one of the defining themes of 19th century American history.

Yet even with all that to come, young E.I. du Pont had already experienced a lifetime’s worth of adventure.

His father, Pierre Samuel du Pont, was an influential figure in France. Pierre’s many roles included publisher, economist and advisor to the monarch, Louis XVI.

Inspired at a Young Age

Pierre was also a friend of Antoine Lavoisier, who came to be known as “the father of modern chemistry.” And so, in 1785 at age 14, E.I., demonstrating an early interest in science, became an apprentice to Lavoisier at the French government agency responsible for the manufacturing of gunpowder.

Before this period, gunpowder was produced by artisans who measured out ingredients by feel, explains Thomas Apel, a research fellow with the Chemical Heritage Foundation.1 But around this time, the French government wanted to replace this method and instead, take an approach based on scientific reasoning. They turned to Lavoisier, who was earning great acclaim for changing chemistry from a qualitative to quantitative discipline, to do so.

“The typical chemistry student in this period would sit in a classroom and watch his professor perform experiments,” Apel says. “In contrast, du Pont would have been working at a well-organized, well-staffed chemical enterprise devoted to all facets of gunpowder. There was nothing else at the time that has this level of chemical endeavor that was so well-organized.”

Safety First

Irénée du Pont2, Jr., E.I.’s great grandson, said that Louis XVI required Lavoisier to build his own house in the middle of the gunpowder plant to ensure he always kept safety in mind. The apprentice lived in the same house, meaning that safety was on the top of E.I.’s mind as well.

After E.I. du Pont left the French gunpowder plant, his interest in science, particularly botany, continued to flourish.

Norman B. Wilkinson, author of the book “E.I. du Pont, Botaniste,” details E.I.’s impressive work ethic and devotion to rigid scientific principles. E.I. would rise at 5 a.m. to get to a 6 a.m. botany class, where he “took scrupulous notes during the three hours of lectures and demonstrations.” Then he hurried to his job managing his father’s printing business by 9:30. After work, E.I. would transcribe his rough notes into neater, more legible ones.

Political & Social Upheaval in France

Soon, though, tumultuous events would interrupt his scientific studies. The 1790s in France were dominated by the French Revolution, a period of ideological, political and social upheaval. Both Louis XVI and E.I.’s former mentor, Antoine Lavoisier, were executed by the revolutionaries. Pierre, as a former advisor to the king, nearly suffered the same fate.

While Pierre and E.I. spent a night in a French prison, their home and printing presses were ransacked. After their release, the family moved to the United States along with other French émigrés.

The du Pont family played a key role in those early days of the U.S. In mid-April 1800, Thomas Jefferson, who was then vice president of the young country, asked for Pierre du Pont’s suggestions3 on what branches of science should be incorporated into the curriculum in American schools. Later, Pierre helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase from France.

Change of Plans

E.I., whose passport listed his profession as “botany,” had originally thought to devote those talents to landscaping the public buildings and estates sprouting up in the fast-growing country, according to Wilkinson. But he realized there were greater opportunities in the emerging nation for better gunpowder, since the powder in the U.S. at the time was both expensive and of poor quality.

In the 1780s and 1790s, Americans were enthusiastic about French chemical notions, particularly their theories on the forces of nature behind chemistry, Apel says. By the time du Pont reached Delaware in the early 1800s, that popularity had declined.

“People were suspicious of the philosophy of chemistry,” Apel says. “But they were very interested in the applied aspects of the science that could be used to fuel the expansionist hopes of the U.S.”

In 1803, E.I. du Pont established E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. on the banks of the Brandywine River, instituting many of the principles he learned as an apprentice to the father of modern chemistry. E.I. used the most advanced technology to make powder4 with charcoal made from local willow trees, sulfur, saltpeter shipped in on the Delaware River, and water power controlled by French water wheels and turbines.

He instituted the same safety practices he had learned many years before too, building his own residence on a hill just a few hundred yards away from the machinery that was making the powder. “And they had a very good record” for safety, notes his great grandson. Company rules dictated “workers must wear shoes without nails to avoid sparks and are made to turn out their pockets to show they aren’t carrying matches.”

The quality of the powder that his company produced was quickly apparent. In 1811, Thomas Jefferson5 wrote du Pont asking to purchase gunpowder to remove rocks from his Monticello estate, noting that the powder sold locally was “wretched.”

That year, du Pont’s company became the largest manufacturer of gunpowder in the U.S. The War of 1812 boosted demand for their product even more, and afterwards large amounts of powder were needed to blast open coal mines and build roads, canals, and railroads as the country expanded.

After spending some years back in France, E.I.’s father returned to America in 1815. “Pierre was astonished at his son’s success and proclaimed him ‘a great man.’”6

du Pont spent 32 years as the president of the company that bears his name. And throughout that time his interest in science continued. He’d roam the woodlands near his home, collecting seeds he sent to botanists and foresters in France. He became fascinated with cross-breeding, and conducted experiments in hybridization.

du Pont’s devotion to science and agriculture live on today in the company he founded, which is devoted to solving the world’s biggest challenges with a rigorous approach to world-class science and engineering.

1 https://www.chemheritage.org/

2 http://manhattanprojectvoices.org/oral-histories/ir%C3%A9n%C3%A9e-du-pont-jrs-interview-2014

3 https://amphilsoc.org/sites/default/files/proceedings/DDHaggard1530403.pdf

4 http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/gunpowder-industry/

5 https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-03-02-0456

6 https://blog.worldbook.com/2015/06/23/this-week-in-history-american-businessman-eleuthere-irenee-du-pont-was-born-in-1771/