#agricultural buildings in Worcester

[livinglikebritishroyalty]

𝒫𝓇𝒾𝓃𝒸𝑒 𝑅𝒾𝒸𝒽𝒶𝓇𝒹

♕ 𝐹𝓊𝓁𝓁 𝒩𝒶𝓂𝑒: Richard Alexander Walter George

♕ 𝐹𝓊𝓁𝓁 𝒯𝒾𝓉𝓁𝑒: His Royal Highness Prince Richard Alexander Walter George The Duke of Gloucester

♕ 𝐵𝓸𝓇𝓃: Saturday, August 26th, 1944 at St. Matthew's Nursing Home in Northampton, England

♕ 𝒫𝒶𝓇𝑒𝓃𝓉𝓈: His Royal Highness Prince Henry The Duke of Gloucester (Father) & Her Royal Highness Princess Alice Duchess of Gloucester (Mother)

♕ 𝒮𝒾𝒷𝓁𝒾𝓃𝑔𝓈: His Royal Highness Prince William of Gloucester (Brother)

♕ 𝒮𝓅𝓸𝓊𝓈𝑒:  Her Royal Highness Birgitte The Duchess of Gloucester (M. 1972)

♕ 𝒞𝒽𝒾𝓁𝒹𝓇𝑒𝓃: Major Alexander Earl of Ulster (Son), Lady Davina (neé Windsor) Lewis (Daughter), & Lady Rose (neé Windsor) Gilman (Daughter) 

♕ 𝐸𝒹𝓊𝒸𝒶𝓉𝒾𝓸𝓃: Barnwell Manor (In Northamptonshire, England), Wellesley House School (In Kent, England), Eton College (In Berkshire, England), & Magdalene College at the University of Cambridge (In Cambridge, United Kingdom: Studied Architecture, Bachelor & Master of Arts Degrees in Architecture)

♕ 𝐼𝓃𝓉𝑒𝓇𝑒𝓈𝓉𝓈 𝒶𝓃𝒹 𝒲𝓸𝓇𝓀: Interests: Armed Forces (Air Force, Architecture, Court System, Defense, Disabled, Fallen Soldiers, Heraldry, & Security), Education, Food (Wine Trade), Health (Blindness, Cancer, Historic Sites, Hospitals, Leprosy, Medicine, & Support Animals), Nature (Agriculture, Conservation, Forests, Horticulture, Land Management, Soil, & Wildlife), People (Disabled, Elderly, Homelessness, Religious, & Trade), Science (Anthropology, Archeology, Art History, Engineering, Technology, & Transportation (Cars, Trains, & Trams)), Sports (Golf & Rowing), & The Arts (Architecture, Metal Work, Music, Shoe-Making, Stonemasonry, & Theatre). Work: Chancellor of The University of Worcester, Commissioner of the Historic Building & Monuments Commission for England, Co-Patron of Abbotsford Trust Appeal, Corporate Member of the Royal Institute of British Architects, Fellow of The Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts/Manufactures/Commerce, Founding Chancellor of The University of Worcester, Freeman of The City of London, Freeman/Liveryman of The Worshipful Company of Masons, Honorary Fellow of The Institution of Civil Engineers, Honorary Fellow of The Institute of Clerks of Works and Construction Inspectorate, Honorary Fellow of The Institution of Structural Engineers, Honorary Fellow of The Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland, Honorary Freeman of The City of Gloucester, Honorary Freeman/Liveryman of The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, Honorary Freeman/Liveryman of The Worshipful Company of Vintners, Honorary Freeman of The Worshipful Company of Grocers, Honorary Life Member of The Bath Industrial Heritage Trust Ltd, Honorary Life Member of The Farmers Club, Honorary Life Member of The Friends of All Saints Brixworth, Honorary Life Member of The Royal Army Service Corps & Royal Corps of Transport Association, Honorary Member of The Architecture Club, Honorary Member of The Friends of Hyde Park & Kensington Gardens, Honorary Member of The Oxford & Cambridge Club, Honorary Member of The Petal Childhood Cancer Research, Honorary Member of The Reform Club, Honorary Membership of The Ecclesbourne Valley Railway Association, Honorary President of The The 20-Ghost Club Limited, Honorary President of The BR Class 8 Steam Locomotive Trust, Honorary President of The Somme Association, International Advisory Board Member of The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies, Joint President of Cancer Research UK, Member of The International Advisory Board for The Royal United Services Institute, Member of The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, Member of The Scottish Railway Preservation Society, Member of The St George's Chapel Advisory Committee, Patron of Action on Smoking & Health, Patron of Canine Partners for Independence, Patron of English Heritage, Patron of Flag Fen, Patron of St Bartholomew's Hospital, Patron of The Architects Benevolent Society, Patron of The Black Country Living Museum, Patron of The British Association of Friends of Museums, Patron of The British Homeopathic Association, Patron of The The British Korean Veterans Association, Patron of The British Limbless Ex-Service Men's Association, Patron of The British Mexican Society, Patron of The British Society of Soil Science, Patron of The Built Environment Trust, Patron of The Built Environment Education Trust (SHAPE), Patron of The Church Monuments Society, Patron of The Cresset (Peterborough) Ltd, Patron of The Construction Youth Trust, Patron of The De Havilland Aircraft Museum, Patron of The Essex Field Club, Patron of The Forest Education Initiative & Forest Education Network, Patron of The Fortress Study Group, Patron of The Fotheringhay Church Appeal, Patron of The Friends of Gibraltar Heritage Society, Patron of The Friends of Gloucester Cathedral, Patron of The Friends of Peterborough Cathedral, Patron of The Friends of St. Bartholomew the Less, Patron of The Gilbert & Sullivan Society, Patron of The Gloucestershire Millennium Celebrations, Patron of The Grange Centre for People with Disabilities, Patron of The Guild of the Royal Hospital of St Bartholomew, Patron of The Heritage of London Trust, Patron of The International Council on Monuments & Sites, Patron of The Isle of Man Victorian Society, Patron of The Japan Society, Patron of The Kensington Society, Patron of The Learning in Harmony Project, Patron of The Leicester Cathedral's King Richard III Appeal, Patron of The London Chorus, Patron of The London Playing Fields Foundation, Patron of The Magdalene Australia Society, Patron of The Mavisbank Trust, Patron of The Middlesex Association for the Blind, Patron of The Norfolk Record Society, Patron of The North of England Civic Trust, Patron of The Northamptonshire Archaeological Society, Patron of The Newcomen Society, Patron of The Nuffield Farming Scholarships Trust, Patron of The Oriental Ceramic Society, Patron of The Oundle Town Rowing Club, Patron of The Peel Institute, Patron of The Pestalozzi International Village Trust, Patron of The Richard III Society, Patron of The Royal Academy Schools, Patron of The Royal Air Force 501 (County of Gloucester) Squadron Association, Patron of The Royal Anglian Regiment Association, Patron of The Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Patron of The Royal Blind (Services for the Blind and Scottish War Blinded), Patron of The Royal Epping Forest Golf Club, Patron of The Royal Royal Pioneer Corps Association, Patron of The Scottish Society of Architect Artists, Patron of The Severn Valley Railway, Patron of The Society of Antiquaries of London, Patron of The Society of the Friends of St Magnus Cathedral Association, Patron of The Soldiers of Gloucestershire Museum, Patron of The St George's Society of New York, Patron of The Three Choirs Festival Association, Patron of The Tramway Museum Society, Patron of The United Kingdom Trust for Nature Conservation in Nepal, Patron of The Victorian Society, Patron of The Westminster Society, Patron of The Worshipful Company of Pattenmakers, Patron-In-Chief of The Scottish Veterans' Residences, Patron-In-Chief of The Friends of St Clement Danes, Practicing Partner at Hunt Thompson Associates Architectural Firm, President of Ambition, President of British Expertise International, President of Christ's Hospital, President of The Britain-Nepal Society, President of The Cambridge House, President of The Crown Agents Foundation, President of The Greenwich Foundation, President of The Institute of Advanced Motorists, President of The London Society, President of The Lutyens Trust, President of The Peterborough Cathedral Development and Preservation Trust, President of The Public Monuments and Sculpture Association, President of The Royal Agricultural Benevolent Institution, President of The Society of Architect Artists, President of St Bartholomew's Hospital, Ranger for The Epping Forest Centenary Trust, Royal Bencher for The Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, Royal Patron of Bede's World Museum, Royal Patron of Habitat for Humanity (UK Branch), Royal Patron of The 82045 Steam Locomotive Trust, Royal Patron of The British Museum, Royal Patron of The Global Heritage Fund UK, Royal Patron of The Global Heritage Fund UK, Royal Patron of The Lilongwe Wildlife Trust, Royal Patron of The Nene Valley Railway, Royal Patron of The Peace and Prosperity Trust, Royal Patron of The Royal Auxiliary Air Force Foundation, Royal Patron of The Strawberry Hill Trust, Royal Patron of The Wells Cathedral - Vicars' Close Appeal, Senior Fellow of The Royal College of Art, The Duke of Gloucester Young Achiever's Scheme Awards, The Offices Development Group for the Ministry of Works, Vice Royal Patron of The Almshouse Association, Vice Patron of The National Churches Trust, Vice President of LEPRA, Vice President of The Royal Bath and West of England Society, Vice President of The Royal Cornwall Agricultural Association, Vice President of The Royal Smithfield Club, & Visitor of The Royal School Dungannon

[formatsteelbuildings-blog]

4 Vital Benefits that an Agricultural Building offers to a Farmer

The importance of the agricultural field is known to humankind. However, with the growing population, the need to preserve it in an efficient manner has significantly increased more than ever before. This had lead to many changes in the field of agriculture and one of them being agricultural buildings in Worcester. These buildings are packed with many benefits and have been helping farmers in multiples ways worldwide. This is the reason why they are so popular in Hereford.

The residents in Birmingham use agricultural buildings as storage facilities too, and this way they protect the expensive farm equipment from harsh climatic conditions. Also, since they are available in all forms and sizes you can buy one according to your requirements. Below written are a few ways, how agricultural buildings are beneficial in Manchester:

Customise

The need of every farmer is different from each other with specific requirements for the barn. Agricultural buildings can be customized according to needs and hence is taking over the market in Bristol. The structure of a pig farm is different than a chicken and agriculture farm buildings can be adjusted accordingly without much effort.

Read More Original Content at  agricultural buildings in  Bristol

[tlatollotl]

Column, Costumed Figure

Date: 8th–9th century

Geography: Mexico, Mesoamerica, Campeche

Culture: Maya

This limestone column, carved in medium relief, depicts an ornately dressed individual and a dwarf. The central figure is most likely a Maya ruler, and he wears an enormous tiered headdress with feathers splaying to the tops and sides of the column. He also wears a collar with three images of human heads, and a long beaded necklace. In his right hand, he carries a hooked blade, and his left arm is hidden behind a shield with a central knotted element. Most of his body is covered by a long apron made of square mosaic elements, and he wears high-backed sandals on his feet. On the right side of the monument stands a dwarf who wears a columnar headdress and large earflare assemblages, or ornaments worn in the earlobe (see 1994.35.591a, b for an example of an earflare set, and 1979.206.1047 for individuals wearing earflare assemblages). Carved columns are not common in ancient Maya art, but they do appear in the Puuc region of the Yucatan Peninsula in the eighth and ninth centuries AD. Another column in the Worcester Art Museum in Massachusetts—also depicting a standing ruler with dwarves—is thought to be the pair to this column; together, the two columns probably flanked a doorway. The doorway was most likely topped by a carved lintel, which depicted two seated individuals on either side of a deity face from which water lilies emerge. The unfinished and irregular rear portion of the column suggests it may have been embedded in a wall rather than freestanding. In its original setting, this column would have been visible to people outside and entering the building, which was probably a long, low range building common in the Puuc region. The column would originally have been brightly colored, and the remains of red pigment are still visible on the ruler’s face. The costume and accessories of the ruler refer to themes of warfare, sacrifice, and agricultural fertility. The ruler wears an enormous headdress that represents a monstrous zoomorphic head. Two central rosettes are stacked above the ruler’s head. From the upper rosette, a trapezoidal element emerges; this is the monster’s nose, and on either side of it are its eyes, with curlicue pupils. Two curved fangs are located between the upper and lower rosettes. Although there is no lower jaw on this headdress, similar headdresses on other monuments do include a lower jaw, and ancient viewers of this monument would have understood the ruler’s head as emerging from the mouth of the monster. The square plaques of the mosaic apron were probably meant to represent jade. Jade plaques also appear on the top part of the headdress between the upper and lower rosette. This headdress is derived from a motif known as the War Serpent headdress. Originally from the great Central Mexican city of Teotihuacan, the War Serpent headdress was adopted by Maya leaders beginning around 400 A.D., when Teotihuacan influence spread through the central Maya area. Classic Maya rulers wore the War Serpent headdress as a sign of military strength and to associate themselves with powerful "outsider" forces. By the time this column was carved, probably in the ninth century A.D., the headdress was a common motif that may not have been explicitly associated with Teotihuacan. That this headdress was still associated with warfare, however, is indicated by the objects the ruler carries in his hands. The obsidian blade in the ruler’s right hand is shown as a hooked implement. Similar objects are carried by rulers on other monuments from this part of the Maya world, including the column in the Worcester Art Museum (see 1978.412.195 for an elaborate figural obsidian blade). The blade carries multiple meanings. It may refer to the rain god, Chahk, who uses an axe to break the clouds and make rain. Ensuring the continuation and fertility of agricultural cycles was one of the central duties of Maya rulers; wielding an axe, then, refers to this important role. The obsidian weapon may also be a sacrificial blade. On similar columns from the Puuc region, including columns from Sayil Structure 4B and an unprovenanced column in the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin, rulers carry sacrificial blades with globular objects at the tip that may represent human hearts. These blades emphasize military sacrifice as one of the important duties of Maya kings. In the ruler’s left hand—presumably, since we cannot see the hand itself—is a shield. The central design in the shield is made up of crossed bands that may relate to the woven mat symbol, associated with authority and the right to rule. Other elements of this ruler’s costume point to an interest in lineage. The ruler’s collar features one frontal head, facing toward the viewer, with three dangling celts (see Celt 1994.35.356). An additional head, in profile, adorns each shoulder (the head on the left is less visible due to damage to the monument). Maya rulers often wore the names or visages of their ancestors in their costumes, physically linking themselves to their royal predecessors and emphasizing their own dynastic legitimacy. These heads would most likely have been made of jade and strung together with jade beads and plaques to create the thick collar we see on the monument today. Below the collar, a long beaded necklace ends in a central bar pendant. Water lilies emerge from either side of the central bar and from the bottom, echoing the water lilies on the lintel that once accompanied this column. On the right side of the column, the dwarf is framed by feathers from the ruler’s headdress. Dwarves appear in a variety of contexts in Maya art, but they are represented most prominently as courtly attendants. On Maya ceramics, dwarves hold mirrors so that rulers can see themselves in their finery (see Mirror-Bearer 1979.206.1063 for a sculptural version of this motif), while jade plaques depict dwarves seated next to rulers. Dwarves are particularly common in monumental art from the Puuc area, where they appear frequently on columns and jambs in architectural settings. On this monument, the bent arm of the dwarf may represent a gesture associated with dance. The dwarf, the costume of the ruler, and the obsidian blade suggest that this scene depicts a ritual dance performance. Other sculptures from the Puuc area, such as Xcalumkin Jamb 4, Xcocha Columns 2 and 3, and the columns from Sayil Structure 4B1, depict richly dressed, dancing individuals holding shields and obsidian blades. Each of the two columns from Sayil also depicts a dwarf standing next to the dancing ruler, and the column in the Worcester Art Museum features two dancing dwarves. Dance was an important ritual action in ancient Maya life, and was particularly important to Maya kings, who used the movement of their body to express royal authority, communicate with supernatural powers, and symbolize community and cultural ideals. The architectural setting of this column in a doorway, moreover, suggests that dancers may have moved in and out of this building, and that the building itself may have served as a setting for ritual dances related to agricultural fertility, warfare, and sacrifice. While the composition of this monument is largely symmetrical, a closer look reveals subtle differences that indicate at least two different artists worked on this sculpture. For example, the rectangular flanges on either side of the ruler’s face display different sculptural approaches. On the left of the face, the fret motif is orderly and restrained, and the curved lines of the feathers emerging from the flange are incised with delicate lines. On the right side, the sturdy fret motif and the lack of incised lines on the feathers indicate a sculptor interested in conveying solidity and weight. The outer line of the eyes on the headdress, too, curves downward on the right, but not on the left. The column at the Worcester Art Museum also displays this asymmetry, suggesting that the irregularities in this column reflect regular artistic practice. Finally, the damaged faces on this monument hint at the power of carved stone in the ancient Maya world. The eyes, nose and mouth of the ruler have been intentionally damaged, as has part of the face of the dwarf. For the Maya, carved stone monuments were not static representations of the people they depicted. Instead, such sculptures shared the identity and essence of their subjects. A column with an image of a ruler, in other words, would have been understood as an extension of that ruler and that ruler’s holiness, or ch’ulel. As such, sculptures were powerful agentive beings, and that power required careful maintenance and negotiation. Chipping off the faces on stone monuments would have offered one way of terminating that power. Ancient defacers paid particular attention to the nose, which was a conduit for holy breath; destroying the nose may have been considered an effective ritual closure (see also Maya Monument L.1970.78, where the profile of the ruler Yo’nal Ahk was also defaced in antiquity). Despite the damaged faces, this monument clearly conveys the power of the ruler as a warrior, sacrificer, and dancer, ensuring the continuation of life cycles through ritual action and the presentation of military strength. Caitlin C. Earley, Jane and Morgan Whitney Fellow, 2016 Sources and Additional Reading Houston, Stephen D., and David Stuart. "The Ancient Maya Self: Personhood and Portraiture in the Classic Period." RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics 33(1998):73–101. Just, Bryan R. "Modifications of Ancient Maya Sculpture." RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics 48(2005):69–82. Looper, Matthew G. To Be Like Gods: Dance in Ancient Maya Civilization. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2009. Mayer, Karl Herbert. Classic Maya Relief Columns. Ramona, California: Acoma Books, 1981. Masterworks of Primitive Art, fig. 5. New York: Furman Gallery, 1962. Miller, Mary Ellen and Megan E. O’Neil. Maya Art and Architecture. London: Thames and Hudson, 2014. Miller, Virginia E. "The Dwarf Motif in Classic Maya Art." In Fourth Palenque Round Table, 1980, edited by Merle Greene Robertson and Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 141–153. San Francisco: Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, 1985. Pollock, H.E.D. The Puuc: An Architectural Survey of the Hill Country of Yucatan and Northern Campeche, Mexico. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum, Vol. 19. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 1980. Stone, Andrea. "Disconnection, Foreign Insignia, and Political Expansion: Teotihuacan and the Warrior Stelae of Piedras Negras." In Mesoamerica After the Decline of Teotihuacan, AD 700–900, edited by Richard A. Diehl and Janet C. Berlo, pp. 153–172. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 1989.

The Met

[kitklehm]

kit carl klehm Simple Advice That Makes A Better Gardener!

kit carl klehm Qualified tips provider.  A lot of people who garden tend to stay away from the organic stuff because they're afraid that bugs and disease will plague their crops. Relax. It's not 1460 anymore. You simply do not need those added substances to make your garden grow vibrant and safely. Take a few minutes to read these organic gardening tips and find out how to grow plants naturally.

When designing a garden area of your yard, a good place to start is with a tree or hedge as the anchor or structural foundation to your garden. Plant grasses and perennials around the taller centerpiece plant to add texture, color and flow. In time, these plants will fill out as they grow and look splendid against the taller trees or shrubs in the background.

A good tip of what to plant in the garden is to plant high-value crops. Value is a subjective term, but plant the things that are most costly to buy, as long as they are suited to the climate. The whole garden does not have to be devoted to this, but if an area is earmarked for this type of crop, it can save money in the coming season when prices are sky high for certain crops.

Have your soil analyzed by a laboratory for a small fee so that you know which nutrients you need to add. Many college agricultural departments or cooperative extensions will provide this service for just a few dollars. Once you have the report, head to a farm supply company and buy what you need.

It is crucial that you have the proper tools before starting a garden. You do not want to begin the process of starting a garden only to realize that you are in need of a tool you do not have. Try to get shovels, trowels, pruners, hoes, garden forks, and rakes.

kit carl klehm Skilled tips provider.  When growing potatoes, make sure you choose a variety with a starch content that corresponds with the way you'll be cooking them. The more starch there is in a potato, the drier and flakier it will be when cooked. Potatoes that are good for mashing have approximately 7% starch. These potatoes cook quickly and retain a high moisture content, so they're easy to mash. Baking potatoes have a starch content between 15% and 18%, and frying potatoes have the highest level at 22%.

Don't plant large shade trees in your yard between the curb and the sidewalk. Large trees have powerful root systems. These roots will crawl under the sidewalk, lifting and breaking the sidewalk pavers. The sidewalk can't be repaired properly without removing the tree roots, which would damage the tree. Smaller ornamental trees will do less damage.

There are many common household items that can be used to good effect in the garden. Try using duct tape to remove aphids from the leaves of infested plants. Wrap the tape around your hand, sticky side out, and press it to the leaves to remove the aphids. A lint roller can be used for this tasks as well.

Use your used pantyhose in two beneficial ways for gardening. Wrapping and knotting up old soap slivers in pantyhose allows you to scrub stubborn ground in dirt off your hands, without needing expensive garden soaps. You can also use pantyhose to bag up your squashes and melons as they grow to give them more support on the vine, and the sun can still get through hosiery.

To make your own miniature greenhouse, simply cover a pot with an old plastic bag. This will mimic the humid environment that allows plants inside a greenhouse to thrive. If you'd also like to protect your plant from the weather, build a dome out of a sturdy plastic and place it atop the plant.

kit carl klehm Professional tips provider.  Create warmth with golden or yellow foliage. Visual vibrancy and warmth exudes from golden and yellow-leaved foliage. They are particularly effective in shady locations, giving the illusion of light and depth. They coordinate beautifully with purple flowers or deep bronze foliage. Good choices include Caryopteris 'Worcester Gold', Viburnum 'Aureum', various Hostas and Spirea 'Gold Flame'.

Plan out where you will plant certain vegetables in your garden before planting them. You need to know how tall and how wide certain plants get, so that you can avoid overcrowding your plants. Knowing ahead of time what you can expect from your plants will also help you place them far enough apart so that you can walk between them easily if necessary.

You can use small clay pots or milk jugs to protect your plants from a late season frost. A bed sheet is also an effective cover on shrubs or large areas. Typically, young sprouts are the most vulnerable. If you forget or your efforts fail, you may be forced to replant the crop.

Research plants before bringing them home. When you are trying to get the best plants for your organic landscape, you should take the time to get educated. Chose plants that are suited to growing conditions you already have, rather than trying to build an environment for a plant you didn't properly plan for.

Use equal parts dried and green plant material for your own compost. Green plant mulches include everything from fresh grass clippings, to unwanted vegetables, to recently pulled weeds. Dried plant materials are things like shredded newspaper, cardboard, sawdust, straw, and any cut up wood materials. Never put meat in your compost or even the waste from your family pets. These can harbor diseases that won't be killed by the composting process.

If you are preparing to move your indoor organic garden outdoors, a great tip is to start preparing your plants one week ahead of time. Move them to a shaded area in your home for a few hours on a warm day. Your aim is to gradually increase your plants' exposure to light. Then, leave them outside overnight at the end of the week. This will ensure your plants survival.

kit carl klehm Proficient tips provider.  Now as you can plainly see from the tips above, you will not need those added substances to assist in growing any type of plant, whether it's a flower or a tomato. All you need is the right knowledge to ensure that your plants are getting what they need to grow strong and healthy.

[kathleenseiber]

Team cracks soybean pest’s puzzling genome

Researchers have sequenced the genome of the soybean cyst nematode.

The discovery paves the way for better management practices to combat the pest.

Soybean cyst nematodes are parasitic roundworms that infect the roots of soybeans and can devastate yields in infected fields. Nematode populations build up in fields and stay for years, meaning infested acres become a perennial management concern for farmers.

Crop breeders have studied genes in soybeans that can boost their resistance to the nematodes. Sequencing the nematode genome fills important gaps in scientists’ understanding of these pests that had remained stubbornly blank for years, says Thomas Baum, professor and chair of plant pathology and microbiology at Iowa State University and senior author of the paper in BMC Genomics.

“Researchers look at resistance on the soybean side of the equation, but it’s been difficult getting comprehensive work done on the biology and virulence of the pest because a workable genome had not been available,” Baum says. “Our work is a giant step in enabling novel research.”

Repetitive genes

The genetics of the soybean cyst nematode present challenges that kept scientists from assembling the full genome for years. The research team sequenced the genome first by sequencing smaller portions and then piecing those portions together into the full genome.

About a third of the nematode’s 29,769 genes are repetitive, meaning many of the genes come in multiple copies, says lead author Rick Masonbrink, an associate scientist in the Office of Biotechnology. The repetitive DNA greatly complicated the sequencing and assembly process, he says.

Coauthor Andrew Severin, manager of the Iowa State Genome Informatics Facility, likens it to a jigsaw puzzle of a blue sky in which all the pieces are identical in shape and color, making it difficult to figure out how all those repetitive pieces fit together.

A method called long-read sequencing technology made it possible to assemble a high-quality genome.

Offense and defense

Now, the fully assembled genome could lead to the development of better pest management strategies, and will help scientists compare different nematode populations at the gene level.

When the nematodes infect a soybean plant, they battle with the soybean’s natural defenses. The genome can help plant breeders understand how the nematodes manage to override the soybean’s defenses.

“This helps us to understand the basic pathology of the worm,” Baum says. “Now we can see both sides of the arms race, both the offense and defense.”

The researchers made their findings available in an open online database for other scientists to access.

The North Central Soybean Research Program and the National Science Foundation I/UCRC Center for Arthropod Management Technologies funded the work.

Additional coauthors are from Iowa State; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; the Joint Genome Institute in Walnut Creek, California; the Worcester Polytechnic Institute; the University of Missouri; the University of Cambridge; and the University of Illinois.

Source: Iowa State University

The post Team cracks soybean pest’s puzzling genome appeared first on Futurity.

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[frictionarts]

A Brief History of Birmingham Smithfield Market

1086

Extract from the Doomsday book:

‘From William, Richard holds four hides in Birmingham. There is land for six ploughs, in the demesne, one. There are five villagers and four smallholders with two ploughs. The woodland is half a league long and two furlongs wide. The value was and is twenty shillings. Wulfwin held it freely in the time of King Edward.’

1166

Peter de Birmingham bought a royal charter to hold a weekly Market ‘at his castle at Birmingham’ and to charge tolls on the Market traffic.  A market in Birmingham is likely to have already been established before this time.

1189

William de Birmingham, Peter’s son receives Royal confirmation of the Market status.  In this confirmation the market is no longer at ‘his castle at Birmingham’ but ‘the town of Birmingham’ signifying the development of a Marketplace that became the Bullring, the rebuilding of the Manor House in stone, the establishment of Saint Martin’s Church and the building of more houses around the market.  

1529

Horse Fairs ran earlier, but were first documented in 1529 as being held twice a year, ending in 1911. The Onion fair was associated with the arrival of the first onions of the season and moved away from the Bullring in 1875.  Writing in 1781, William Hutton calls the onion fair, ’the lowest of low amusement: riot, drunkeness and mischief’

‘...filling most of the town with theatrical booths, fun-fairs and menageries...There was a chance to see a girafe or a superannuated lion, or to visit ‘Napoleon’s Palace’ or the ‘Roil famely Waxworks’, or to sample the delights of a 45-minute adaptation of Macbeth in Jamaica Row, and all for a penny.’ writing in Chris Upton p.180.

1769

The First Street Commisioners’ Act was passed for ‘laying open and widening various ways and passages, cleansing and lighting the streets and removing and preventing nuisances and obstructions’.

One clause in the Act recited that ‘the market for the sale of cattle within the town has usually been held in the principal street and greatest thoroughfare, called the High Street, to the great danger and inconvenience of all persons living and resorting there’, and that ‘for the future that part of the street called Dale End and not elsewhere, shall be the place for holding a market for cattle.’

1806

There had been many competing small markets in Birmingham.  A Thursday Cattle market is where the Wholesale Market is now. The Street Commissioners became contractors for the market tolls and control of the markets’ administration, increasingly centralising control of all Birmingham Markets.

1812

The Fourth Street Commissioners’ Act empowered the Commissioners to approach the Lord of the Manor for the lease or purchase of his markets, fairs and other manorial rights. They were authorised to establish vegetable markets in the Bull Ring and to provide a cattle market on the site which became known as Smithfield, on the site of the old manor house and moat which then belonged to Sir Thomas Gooch, Baronet and Thomas Francis Esq. This was to replace the market in Dale End and New Street for the sale of live cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and hay and straw.

1817

The Smithfield (live) cattle market was opened at a cost of £11,500. It was expanded further up to 1848. Land was also purchased for the sale of dead meat in St Martin’s Market, Jamaica Row, for £3,500.

Later the Commissioners purchased from Christopher Musgrave, then lord of the manor, the market rights and tolls for the sum of £312,500 and purchased land for the building of a Market Hall.

1834

The new Market Hall was completed.  On 1 November 1838 the Charter of Incorporation of Birmingham was received in Birmingham and the first Town Council was elected 26 December 1838.

In 1851 the Corporation acquired the markets and a Markets and Fairs Committee was established with 8 members, to have charge of the markets, fairs and wakes; to regulate slaughter-houses, weights and measures, and to prevent the sale of unwholesome food.

1869  

The Wholesale Fish market opened on land at the corner of High Street and Bull Street. Wholesale fish dealers had originally been located in Dale End in the open street but this was felt to be inadequate. The new market proved so valuable it was extended in 1876 and 1882 and then in 1883 a major reconstruction of the Fish market was announced.

1880  

The Wholesale Vegetable Market was provided on part of the Smithfield Market, on land bordered by St Martin’s Lane, Spiceal Street, Smithfield and Moat Lane. The costs were £48,270.  Previously, wholesale vegetable dealers had stood in the open air, in High Street, opposite the Market Hall, in Worcester Street, in Spiceal Street and in the vaults underneath the Market Hall.

1883

The council passed a scheme for the extension of the Fish Market, upon a site in Bell Street, Lease Lane and Spiceal Street, purchased in 1878 and 1882 for £25,070. The plan included the erection of a new fish market and the rebuilding of the old fish market.

1884-97

Covered Vegetable Market completed in Jamaica Row - 200,000 carts of produce reach market every year.  In 1885 the new building was adopted for a daily wholesale market for fish, game and poultry.  A resolution of the Council on 3 July 1888 declared that the whole of Bell Street Market, old and new, was a wholesale market only.

In 1891 there was a proposal to move the (live) Pig Market to Montague Street, which eventually happened in June 1897.

1900

The Smithfield Cattle, Pig and Sheep market was discontinued and the new Cattle market in Montague Street, with the pig market, was appropriated for a daily Cattle, Sheep and Pig market. Plans were eventually passed for covering the whole space bounded by Jamaica Row, Moat Row and Moat Lane except for a strip taken by Public Works Committee to widen Moat Lane, with a roof height of 28 feet, 5 bays inside, 10 vaults, 10 offices, paved granite and concrete floor and electric lighting.

1903

The Smithfield covered market was renamed the Wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Market.  It included evergreens, plants, shrubs, bulbs, grasses, mistletoe, holly, flowers, game, poultry, rabbits, eggs, butter and cheese.

On Mondays and Fridays it was open for the sale of straw, hay, rye grass and fodder; on Thursdays for horses, asses, mules, goats, carts, wagons, harness and agricultural implements. On Saturday afternoons it was open for clothing and manufactured goods sold by retail.

More than £200,000 had been spent enlarging the markets. The work of the Markets department grew after the extension of the city in 1911, and new legislation (e.g. Sheep Dipping Order, 1908). It became responsible for all weights and measures and inspection of animals for diseases.

1915

The Market Department offices moved from St Martin’s Lane adjoining the Smithfield market to offices on Corporation Street. However, with the building of the new Central Fire Station, it had to move again early in 1934 to Broad Street, to offices once occupied by the Water Department. A massive twin-combination weighbridge, the first of its type in the country for road traffic use, was moved from Corporation Street to Cheapside.

1925

The City Meat Market was extended and in 1927 in the Wholesale Fruit Market a range of 15 merchants’ offices were erected along the top of the existing balcony offices on the Jamaica Row side of the building.

In 1929 the Markets Committee, having acquired additional properties adjacent, reported their intention to extend the Wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Market, which would cover nearly 14,000 square yards and was to be bounded by Edgbaston Street, Jamaica Row and Upper Dean Street. This included a smaller ‘Lower Market’ set aside for market gardeners and others who brought their own produce for sale. The Lower Market was also used on Tuesday and Saturday afternoons for a general retail market (the ‘Rag market’).

1931

A hydraulic pumping plant and hydraulic lifts were installed in the City Meat Market. By 1950, these had been replaced with three electric lifts, and new boilers replaced the two which had been in use since 1897.

By the mid 1930s the market space was becoming inadequate and traffic congestion accentuated. It was planned to remove the lower market to the extension site so that the original site would be only for the Wholesale fruit, vegetable and flower markets. There was also a plan to extend the City Meat Market and Abattoirs, which would have frontages to Bradford Street, Cheapside and Sherlock street east and would have 29 slaughter houses for the wholesale salesmen, and two additional slaughter halls for the retail butchers.

1940

The Ministry of Food took over control of meat supplies and the City Abattoir was requisitioned by the Ministry for the slaughter of animals for Birmingham and surrounding areas. The Montague Street Pig Market was discontinued by the Ministry.

The Midland Wholesale Meat Supply Association, consisting mainly of wholesale salesmen who previously had occupied stalls in the Meat Market,  allocated meat supplies to the retail butchers on behalf of the Ministry of Food.

The retail Market Hall was destroyed by bombing in 1940. Some of the tenants were found space within the Wholesale Markets in the afternoons after wholesale trading had finished and a temporary market was established, partly in the open air, by 1942.

1948

After World War Two the Markets and Public Works Committees drew up a plan for a new, extended market precinct and it was agreed that the abattoir and meat market should be transferred to a new site acquired in 1948 out of town at Castle Bromwich. However, plans were put on hold because of Government restrictions on capital expenditure by local authorities and uncertainty over Government policy on slaughtering and the wholesale meat trade. It was therefore decided to improve facilities at Bradford Street and after consultation with the meat traders, the Markets Committee decided to keep the facilities in the city centre. Wrangling between the committees continued with the Public Works Committee favouring moving the abattoir out. A Development Plan was drawn up in 1952 retaining the meat market and abattoir and extending the markets’ site to just over 28 acres.

1974

Little progress had been made with the development plan by 1970, partly because of financial issues. A grant of £1.3 million in 1974 from the European Community finally saw financial issues resolved and a new wholesale market complex was built.

2018

Demolition of Smithfield Wholesale Market

References

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/citizenship/citizen_subject/transcripts/birm_domesday.htm

Leather, Peter (2001), A Brief History of Birmingham, Studley: Brewin Books, ISBN 1-85858-187-7

Michael Hodder (2004), Birmingham The Hidden History: Tempus Publishing, ISBN 0-7524-3135-8

Chris Upton (1993), A History of Birmingham, Phillimore & Co. ISBN 978-1-661-8

Street Commissioner’s minutes MS 28181/1/6 Library of Birmingham: Archives, Heritage and Photography

Thanks to Fiona Tait for researching Wholesale Market History

[secondchanceautofinanceorg]

Hubbardston MA Bad Credit Car Loans

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Originally called the “Northeast Quarter”, Hubbardston was part of Rutland until it was incorporated as a separate town in 1767. It was named for Thomas Hubbard, a prominent Bostonian who served several years as the Massachusetts Speaker of the House of Representatives and was the treasurer of Harvard College for 17 years.

Hubbard was an extensive landowner in several central Massachusetts towns. Tradition says that in view of the honor of giving his name to the town, he promised to provide the glass for the windows of the first meeting house built in town. To make his liberality more conspicuous, the people planned for extra windows. Hubbard died in 1773, and his estate was so complicated that the town of Hubbardston received nothing and was obliged to glaze the windows at its own expense.

The first settler was Eleazer Brown, who came from Rutland in 1737. Mr. Brown was provided 60 acres (240,000 m2) by the proprietors and operated a hotel used by surveyors and trappers passing through this wilderness. Until 1746, Mr. Brown and his wife were the only inhabitants of Hubbardston. After Eleazer’s death (it is said that he was killed by a deer), Mrs. Brown was the only occupant of town for several years and kept a public house for prominent travelers. In 1749 Israel Green moved into Hubbardston. His daughter, Molly Green, is reported to be the first child born in Hubbardston. Mr. Green was the first chairman of the board of selectmen.

By the 19th century, dairy and berry farming and market gardening were major enterprises. Immigrants from Ireland, French Canada, England, Sweden and Finland moved to town to work on local farms.

The town’s early economy was based on agriculture and small-scale chair, boot and shoe manufacturing. It is described by historians as a poor town, sparsely settled and almost wholly agricultural, but having sawmills, potash works and cottage industries such as the making of palm leaf hats. Dairy and berry farming and market gardening were major pursuits in the town.

Hubbardston was represented by 65 men during the Revolutionary War. Hubbardston furnished 164 men during the Civil War, and 44 were killed or died of illness.

The Hubbardston Public Library was founded in 1872, and originally housed its collection of books in the local Mechanics Hall. In 1874, Jonas G. Clark, a native of Hubbardston and founder of Clark University, purchased the Main Street Property and funded the construction of the brick and stone library building.

The building is in the Second Empire/Italianate style and was designed by Elbridge Boyden and Son, of Worcester. In September 1875, the Hubbardston Public Library opened the doors at its 7 Main Street location, where you can find it today. The first floor was originally half library, half post office, hence the pained plaques you might notice flanking the front door. The gallery level was added to the rear of the building in 1929. Many residents recall the gallery’s original translucent glass floor. The property underwent a historical restoration project in 2000 to address many of its needed repairs and is looking quite grand for its age of 128 years.

Hubbardston is home to the invention of the first backhoe swing frame developed in July 1947 by Vaino J. Holopainen (pronounced “Waino”) and Roy E. Handy, Jr., (thus the company name “Wain-Roy”) and assigned to Wain-Roy Corporation of Hubbardston, MA. In July 1948, patent # 2,698,697 was filed by Vaino J. Holopainen.

The Hubbardston Public Library was founded in 1872, and originally housed its collection of books in the local Mechanics Hall. In 1874, Jonas G. Clark, a native of Hubbardston and founder of Clark University, purchased the Main Street Property and funded the construction of the brick and stone library building.

On the afternoon of June 22, 1981, a confirmed F3 tornado touched down in Hubbardston northwest of the town center, causing significant damage.

Today, Hubbardston, MA is a quintessential country town where people value the pristine, quiet surroundings. The community is well run by dedicated local officials and the school system provides an excellent education for the children. The Hubbardston Center School is located in down town Hubbardston and the Quabbin Regional School is located in Barre.

The town has wonderful activities for people from all walks of life including the Barre Falls Dam with Frisbee golf, hiking, amazing waterfall; the Hubbardston Rec Fields with ball fields, play grounds, and skateboard park; Asnacomet Pond (Comet Pond) with boat launch, beaches, and fishing; Mare Meadow Reservoir for amazing fishing; and the Country Hen, which has great organic eggs.

Come take a ride through this boucolic country town and discover a beautiful community steeped in local history.

source http://secondchanceautofinance.org/worcester-county-massachusetts-bad-credit-auto-loans/hubbardston-ma-bad-credit-car-loans/

[tlatollotl]

Column, Costumed Figure 

8th–9th century. Campeche, Mexico. Maya

The Met

This limestone column, carved in medium relief, depicts an ornately dressed individual and a dwarf. The central figure is most likely a Maya ruler, and he wears an enormous tiered headdress with feathers splaying to the tops and sides of the column. He also wears a collar with three images of human heads, and a long beaded necklace. In his right hand, he carries a hooked blade, and his left arm is hidden behind a shield with a central knotted element. Most of his body is covered by a long apron made of square mosaic elements, and he wears high-backed sandals on his feet. On the right side of the monument stands a dwarf who wears a columnar headdress and large earflare assemblages, or ornaments worn in the earlobe (see 1994.35.591a, b for an example of an earflare set, and 1979.206.1047 for individuals wearing earflare assemblages). Carved columns are not common in ancient Maya art, but they do appear in the Puuc region of the Yucatan Peninsula in the eighth and ninth centuries AD. Another column in the Worcester Art Museum in Massachusetts—also depicting a standing ruler with dwarves—is thought to be the pair to this column; together, the two columns probably flanked a doorway. The doorway was most likely topped by a carved lintel, which depicted two seated individuals on either side of a deity face from which water lilies emerge. The unfinished and irregular rear portion of the column suggests it may have been embedded in a wall rather than freestanding. In its original setting, this column would have been visible to people outside and entering the building, which was probably a long, low range building common in the Puuc region. The column would originally have been brightly colored, and the remains of red pigment are still visible on the ruler’s face. The costume and accessories of the ruler refer to themes of warfare, sacrifice, and agricultural fertility. The ruler wears an enormous headdress that represents a monstrous zoomorphic head. Two central rosettes are stacked above the ruler’s head. From the upper rosette, a trapezoidal element emerges; this is the monster’s nose, and on either side of it are its eyes, with curlicue pupils. Two curved fangs are located between the upper and lower rosettes. Although there is no lower jaw on this headdress, similar headdresses on other monuments do include a lower jaw, and ancient viewers of this monument would have understood the ruler’s head as emerging from the mouth of the monster. The square plaques of the mosaic apron were probably meant to represent jade. Jade plaques also appear on the top part of the headdress between the upper and lower rosette. This headdress is derived from a motif known as the War Serpent headdress. Originally from the great Central Mexican city of Teotihuacan, the War Serpent headdress was adopted by Maya leaders beginning around 400 A.D., when Teotihuacan influence spread through the central Maya area. Classic Maya rulers wore the War Serpent headdress as a sign of military strength and to associate themselves with powerful "outsider" forces. By the time this column was carved, probably in the ninth century A.D., the headdress was a common motif that may not have been explicitly associated with Teotihuacan. That this headdress was still associated with warfare, however, is indicated by the objects the ruler carries in his hands. The obsidian blade in the ruler’s right hand is shown as a hooked implement. Similar objects are carried by rulers on other monuments from this part of the Maya world, including the column in the Worcester Art Museum (see 1978.412.195 for an elaborate figural obsidian blade). The blade carries multiple meanings. It may refer to the rain god, Chahk, who uses an axe to break the clouds and make rain. Ensuring the continuation and fertility of agricultural cycles was one of the central duties of Maya rulers; wielding an axe, then, refers to this important role. The obsidian weapon may also be a sacrificial blade. On similar columns from the Puuc region, including columns from Sayil Structure 4B and an unprovenanced column in the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin, rulers carry sacrificial blades with globular objects at the tip that may represent human hearts. These blades emphasize military sacrifice as one of the important duties of Maya kings. In the ruler’s left hand—presumably, since we cannot see the hand itself—is a shield. The central design in the shield is made up of crossed bands that may relate to the woven mat symbol, associated with authority and the right to rule. Other elements of this ruler’s costume point to an interest in lineage. The ruler’s collar features one frontal head, facing toward the viewer, with three dangling celts (see Celt 1994.35.356). An additional head, in profile, adorns each shoulder (the head on the left is less visible due to damage to the monument). Maya rulers often wore the names or visages of their ancestors in their costumes, physically linking themselves to their royal predecessors and emphasizing their own dynastic legitimacy. These heads would most likely have been made of jade and strung together with jade beads and plaques to create the thick collar we see on the monument today. Below the collar, a long beaded necklace ends in a central bar pendant. Water lilies emerge from either side of the central bar and from the bottom, echoing the water lilies on the lintel that once accompanied this column. On the right side of the column, the dwarf is framed by feathers from the ruler’s headdress. Dwarves appear in a variety of contexts in Maya art, but they are represented most prominently as courtly attendants. On Maya ceramics, dwarves hold mirrors so that rulers can see themselves in their finery (see Mirror-Bearer 1979.206.1063 for a sculptural version of this motif), while jade plaques depict dwarves seated next to rulers. Dwarves are particularly common in monumental art from the Puuc area, where they appear frequently on columns and jambs in architectural settings. On this monument, the bent arm of the dwarf may represent a gesture associated with dance. The dwarf, the costume of the ruler, and the obsidian blade suggest that this scene depicts a ritual dance performance. Other sculptures from the Puuc area, such as Xcalumkin Jamb 4, Xcocha Columns 2 and 3, and the columns from Sayil Structure 4B1, depict richly dressed, dancing individuals holding shields and obsidian blades. Each of the two columns from Sayil also depicts a dwarf standing next to the dancing ruler, and the column in the Worcester Art Museum features two dancing dwarves. Dance was an important ritual action in ancient Maya life, and was particularly important to Maya kings, who used the movement of their body to express royal authority, communicate with supernatural powers, and symbolize community and cultural ideals. The architectural setting of this column in a doorway, moreover, suggests that dancers may have moved in and out of this building, and that the building itself may have served as a setting for ritual dances related to agricultural fertility, warfare, and sacrifice. While the composition of this monument is largely symmetrical, a closer look reveals subtle differences that indicate at least two different artists worked on this sculpture. For example, the rectangular flanges on either side of the ruler’s face display different sculptural approaches. On the left of the face, the fret motif is orderly and restrained, and the curved lines of the feathers emerging from the flange are incised with delicate lines. On the right side, the sturdy fret motif and the lack of incised lines on the feathers indicate a sculptor interested in conveying solidity and weight. The outer line of the eyes on the headdress, too, curves downward on the right, but not on the left. The column at the Worcester Art Museum also displays this asymmetry, suggesting that the irregularities in this column reflect regular artistic practice. Finally, the damaged faces on this monument hint at the power of carved stone in the ancient Maya world. The eyes, nose and mouth of the ruler have been intentionally damaged, as has part of the face of the dwarf. For the Maya, carved stone monuments were not static representations of the people they depicted. Instead, such sculptures shared the identity and essence of their subjects. A column with an image of a ruler, in other words, would have been understood as an extension of that ruler and that ruler’s holiness, or ch’ulel. As such, sculptures were powerful agentive beings, and that power required careful maintenance and negotiation. Chipping off the faces on stone monuments would have offered one way of terminating that power. Ancient defacers paid particular attention to the nose, which was a conduit for holy breath; destroying the nose may have been considered an effective ritual closure (see also Maya Monument L.1970.78, where the profile of the ruler Yo’nal Ahk was also defaced in antiquity). Despite the damaged faces, this monument clearly conveys the power of the ruler as a warrior, sacrificer, and dancer, ensuring the continuation of life cycles through ritual action and the presentation of military strength. Caitlin C. Earley, Jane and Morgan Whitney Fellow, 2016 Sources and Additional Reading Houston, Stephen D., and David Stuart. "The Ancient Maya Self: Personhood and Portraiture in the Classic Period." RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics 33(1998):73–101. Just, Bryan R. "Modifications of Ancient Maya Sculpture." RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics 48(2005):69–82. Looper, Matthew G. To Be Like Gods: Dance in Ancient Maya Civilization. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2009. Mayer, Karl Herbert. Classic Maya Relief Columns. Ramona, California: Acoma Books, 1981. Masterworks of Primitive Art, fig. 5. New York: Furman Gallery, 1962. Miller, Mary Ellen and Megan E. O’Neil. Maya Art and Architecture. London: Thames and Hudson, 2014. Miller, Virginia E. "The Dwarf Motif in Classic Maya Art." In Fourth Palenque Round Table, 1980, edited by Merle Greene Robertson and Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 141–153. San Francisco: Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, 1985. Pollock, H.E.D. The Puuc: An Architectural Survey of the Hill Country of Yucatan and Northern Campeche, Mexico. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum, Vol. 19. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 1980. Stone, Andrea. "Disconnection, Foreign Insignia, and Political Expansion: Teotihuacan and the Warrior Stelae of Piedras Negras." In Mesoamerica After the Decline of Teotihuacan, AD 700–900, edited by Richard A. Diehl and Janet C. Berlo, pp. 153–172. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 1989.

[formatsteelbuildings-blog]

4 Vital Reasons Why Steel frame Buildings are Gaining Significance

When it comes to construction materials, steel is considered to be the finest material out there. Owing to its diverse benefits, it is a top rated materials choice among construction workers in Bristol, both the commercial and industrial field. Throughout ages, steel is being used for the construction of house, workshops, steel shades and also forms an important aspect in building industrial steel buildings. This high-quality metal is environment-friendly and is cost-effective at the same time.

Steel frame buildings are impeccably strong and durable. In addition to this, they also offer storage facilities which happen to be a major need among many individuals. This is one of the reasons why people living in Leeds use them as agricultural storage. Here are a few ways why they are gaining importance in the market today:

Read More Original Content at industrial steel buildings Worcester

[leominster1941]

source  http://www.huntleyarchives.com/film/41590

Synopsis:

A banner bears the message, Welcome to Leominster, The Great Three Counties Show.  People are arriving at the Show and are paying at the gate.  An elderly man with a white beard is Mr Elijah Molyneux, 89, a big farmer and once Mayor of the town.  Mr Archer Baldwin, the Conservative MP for North Herefordshire, arrives with his wife, Minnie, and they chat with Bill Gallimore, the official auctioneer through Russell, Baldwin and Bright for the Hereford Herdbook. Guests arrive at the Bandstand. Briony Hastings, daughter of Mr Glynne Hastings, long serving Secretary of the Society, presents bouquets to Lady Lettice Cotterell and the Mayoresses of Hereford, Gloucester, Worcester and Leominster.  A Government delegation of visiting farmers from Nigeria  dressed in traditional costumes take their places. A procession of dignitaries from the three counties in ceremonial dress is led by the Mayor of Leominster, in red robes and the Aldermen in purple. The man using a crutch is Sidney Layton, a farmer from Ivington.  The Councillors, including Dennis Rowland Jones, wear blue cloaks.   The tall man is Norman Davies, who owned the Corn Square Pharmacy in Leominster until the late Eighties. Adrian Foster, one of two shop-owning brothers is also in this procession. Two members of the Leominster procession carry the Town maces which were given to the town in 1723 by the Right Honourable Thomas, Lord Coningsby as replacements for three earlier ones presented to the town by two of his forebears in the seventeenth century, which subsequently disappeared.  The ceremonial Mayor’s Wand is also carried.  This is a plain black ebony stick tipped with a band of silver and bearing the date 1659. The Hereford Mayor wears a scarlet robes trimmed with velvet and a solid gold chain containing twenty-four medallions showing aspects of the City and county such as apples, hops, a Hereford Bull, Wye Salmon and military insignia.  The liveried men have dark coats with gold braiding.  The fur Cap of Maintenance is one granted to ten principal cities of England by Queen Elizabeth 1 as a reward in support of the sovereign and is carried by the sword bearer. The dignitaries line up facing the distinguished guests and some doff their hats.  In front of them stands the ducking stool, an ancient instrument of punishment in which nagging wives could be dunked in the river. The Master of Ceremonies in scarlet tailcoat speaks to Sir Richard Cotterell and Glynne Hastings, bowler hat and gloves in hand strides off on some errand.  Three farmers look on. In the main arena the pipers of the 1st Battalion Gordon Highlanders march on.  Officials talk to members of the African delegation who take their seats.  The crowds stand as the procession arrives. Two horses pull a dray advertising the brewery, Mitchells and Butlers.   Two skewbald ponies trot by pulling a smaller trap.  Then there are shire horses with foals.  Show-jumping is taking place and a parade of horses in pairs.  The North Herefordshire Foxhounds are led by three hunt servants, each on a grey horse.  There are several more traps drawn by trotting ponies, one driven by a woman. Two policemen walk through the trade stands.  Alexander and Duncan’s stand, still a thriving firm today, shows a fine display of agricultural machinery.  Along comes a little man, wide trousers, cloth cap, “bum-freezer” jacket, cigarette in mouth – and then back he comes again.  Taylor and Ward, ironmongers and only recently disappeared from Leominster, display their agricultural accessories, and Hintons, still a strong element in Leominster have a trade stand too. A short visit to the busy High Street in Leominster where three Midland Red Buses wait, perhaps for returning visitors from the show. Back at the show some little girls play.  One, Myfanwy Thomas, a Leominster Councillor’s daughter, rides a Mobo horse, a popular toy of the time.  Two others sit on the seats of a circular roundabout, taken care of by a group of WVS ladies in their green overalls.  One nurses a baby. The hounds and huntsmen appear again, watched by two girls on the Walls Ice Cream stand.  There are two or three large barns bearing the name of Frank Dale, a company still with an important presence in Leominster. A man smoking a pipe gets out a camera to take a quick snap of the Africans.  They don’t seem to notice, or mind.  A man and his family enjoy eating some ice creams from tubs. The parade of prize-winning cattle begins.  At the head of the procession is the champion Hereford bull, R.S.de Quincey’s Vern Boxer, led perhaps by Mrs de Quincey.  Then come Lord Brocket’s Brocket Godfrey and Brocket Handsome, followed by Mrs P.M.G. Fraser’s Westhide Embassy. British Friesians follow.  Sir Richard and Lady Cotterell watch from their special box, beside another reserved for Rt. Worship the Mayor (an unusual and special title bestowed on only a few mayors including that of Hereford.)  More horses appear in the arena and then a group of Gordon Highlanders perform a highland dance. Finally, there is part of a spectacular motorcycle display by the Royal Corps of Signals who ride in formation similar to a musical ride with horses. The Mayor, Aldermen and Council walk from the council rooms in the Grange to the door of Leominster Priory where they are received by the Rev. S.M.F.Woodhouse.  After the service they walk out carrying the ceremonial maces and wand.  They walk into the Grange, a fine John Abel building which was moved from the top end of Broad Street in     when it became an obstruction for increasing traffic. The lower side of the open ground floor was filled in and the building converted into council rooms.  Members of the party, now in everyday dress, pause to pose for photographs.  Norman Davies, a well-known local character, who was the owner of the Corn Square Pharmacy smiles as he passes quickly on his way. A crowd gathers outside Dutton House, a distinctive house at the top end of Etnam Street. The First Cadet Batallion of the Herefordshire Light Infantry with band members marches through the town to the carnival field where they later “Beat the Retreat”. The Carnival Queen and her attendants sit on a float, part of the procession. W.Wright, greengrocer in Leominster until very recent years, has a decorated float, as has Frank Dale, the constructor of farm buildings, whose company still is an important employer in the town.  One group has made a train engine, with carriages on wheels and a guard’s van at the back, complete with passengers inside the coaches.  It is highly decorated with festive bunting. There is also a decorative swan constructed from white flowers.  A policeman on point duty directs the procession towards Corn Square. Once in the carnival field, the Carnival Queen is crowned by the Mayoress. There are athletic races, penny-rolling, a small maypole and a little golf course in which a middle-aged couple demonstrate their skills.   Traditional skittles is a popular activity, especially among a group of burly women who hurl the bowls with great dexterity, scattering the skittles against the hay bales at the back. There is a Fancy Dress competition for all ages.  One baby represents Prince Charles, a woman is dressed in Spanish costume and a man appears as Cardinal Wolsey.  Sandra Dimarco, daughter of the owners of a long-standing Leominster fish and chip shop, still in the town today, is dressed as a Welsh girl.

[leominster1941]

Welcome to Leominster, The Great Three Counties Show. Part 2.  1950. Huntley Film Archives.

http://www.huntleyarchives.com/film/41590

Synopsis:

A banner bears the message, Welcome to Leominster, The Great Three Counties Show.  People are arriving at the Show and are paying at the gate.  An elderly man with a white beard is Mr Elijah Molyneux, 89, a big farmer and once Mayor of the town.  Mr Archer Baldwin, the Conservative MP for North Herefordshire, arrives with his wife, Minnie, and they chat with Bill Gallimore, the official auctioneer through Russell, Baldwin and Bright for the Hereford Herdbook. Guests arrive at the Bandstand. Briony Hastings, daughter of Mr Glynne Hastings, long serving Secretary of the Society, presents bouquets to Lady Lettice Cotterell and the Mayoresses of Hereford, Gloucester, Worcester and Leominster.  A Government delegation of visiting farmers from Nigeria  dressed in traditional costumes take their places. A procession of dignitaries from the three counties in ceremonial dress is led by the Mayor of Leominster, in red robes and the Aldermen in purple. The man using a crutch is Sidney Layton, a farmer from Ivington.  The Councillors, including Dennis Rowland Jones, wear blue cloaks.   The tall man is Norman Davies, who owned the Corn Square Pharmacy in Leominster until the late Eighties. Adrian Foster, one of two shop-owning brothers is also in this procession. Two members of the Leominster procession carry the Town maces which were given to the town in 1723 by the Right Honourable Thomas, Lord Coningsby as replacements for three earlier ones presented to the town by two of his forebears in the seventeenth century, which subsequently disappeared.  The ceremonial Mayor’s Wand is also carried.  This is a plain black ebony stick tipped with a band of silver and bearing the date 1659. The Hereford Mayor wears a scarlet robes trimmed with velvet and a solid gold chain containing twenty-four medallions showing aspects of the City and county such as apples, hops, a Hereford Bull, Wye Salmon and military insignia.  The liveried men have dark coats with gold braiding.  The fur Cap of Maintenance is one granted to ten principal cities of England by Queen Elizabeth 1 as a reward in support of the sovereign and is carried by the sword bearer. The dignitaries line up facing the distinguished guests and some doff their hats.  In front of them stands the ducking stool, an ancient instrument of punishment in which nagging wives could be dunked in the river. The Master of Ceremonies in scarlet tailcoat speaks to Sir Richard Cotterell and Glynne Hastings, bowler hat and gloves in hand strides off on some errand.  Three farmers look on. In the main arena the pipers of the 1st Battalion Gordon Highlanders march on.  Officials talk to members of the African delegation who take their seats.  The crowds stand as the procession arrives. Two horses pull a dray advertising the brewery, Mitchells and Butlers.   Two skewbald ponies trot by pulling a smaller trap.  Then there are shire horses with foals.  Show-jumping is taking place and a parade of horses in pairs.  The North Herefordshire Foxhounds are led by three hunt servants, each on a grey horse.  There are several more traps drawn by trotting ponies, one driven by a woman. Two policemen walk through the trade stands.  Alexander and Duncan’s stand, still a thriving firm today, shows a fine display of agricultural machinery.  Along comes a little man, wide trousers, cloth cap, “bum-freezer” jacket, cigarette in mouth – and then back he comes again.  Taylor and Ward, ironmongers and only recently disappeared from Leominster, display their agricultural accessories, and Hintons, still a strong element in Leominster have a trade stand too. A short visit to the busy High Street in Leominster where three Midland Red Buses wait, perhaps for returning visitors from the show. Back at the show some little girls play.  One, Myfanwy Thomas, a Leominster Councillor’s daughter, rides a Mobo horse, a popular toy of the time.  Two others sit on the seats of a circular roundabout, taken care of by a group of WVS ladies in their green overalls.  One nurses a baby. The hounds and huntsmen appear again, watched by two girls on the Walls Ice Cream stand.  There are two or three large barns bearing the name of Frank Dale, a company still with an important presence in Leominster. A man smoking a pipe gets out a camera to take a quick snap of the Africans.  They don’t seem to notice, or mind.  A man and his family enjoy eating some ice creams from tubs. The parade of prize-winning cattle begins.  At the head of the procession is the champion Hereford bull, R.S.de Quincey’s Vern Boxer, led perhaps by Mrs de Quincey.  Then come Lord Brocket’s Brocket Godfrey and Brocket Handsome, followed by Mrs P.M.G. Fraser’s Westhide Embassy. British Friesians follow.  Sir Richard and Lady Cotterell watch from their special box, beside another reserved for Rt. Worship the Mayor (an unusual and special title bestowed on only a few mayors including that of Hereford.)  More horses appear in the arena and then a group of Gordon Highlanders perform a highland dance. Finally, there is part of a spectacular motorcycle display by the Royal Corps of Signals who ride in formation similar to a musical ride with horses. The Mayor, Aldermen and Council walk from the council rooms in the Grange to the door of Leominster Priory where they are received by the Rev. S.M.F.Woodhouse.  After the service they walk out carrying the ceremonial maces and wand.  They walk into the Grange, a fine John Abel building which was moved from the top end of Broad Street in     when it became an obstruction for increasing traffic. The lower side of the open ground floor was filled in and the building converted into council rooms.  Members of the party, now in everyday dress, pause to pose for photographs.  Norman Davies, a well-known local character, who was the owner of the Corn Square Pharmacy smiles as he passes quickly on his way. A crowd gathers outside Dutton House, a distinctive house at the top end of Etnam Street. The First Cadet Batallion of the Herefordshire Light Infantry with band members marches through the town to the carnival field where they later “Beat the Retreat”. The Carnival Queen and her attendants sit on a float, part of the procession. W.Wright, greengrocer in Leominster until very recent years, has a decorated float, as has Frank Dale, the constructor of farm buildings, whose company still is an important employer in the town.  One group has made a train engine, with carriages on wheels and a guard’s van at the back, complete with passengers inside the coaches.  It is highly decorated with festive bunting. There is also a decorative swan constructed from white flowers.  A policeman on point duty directs the procession towards Corn Square. Once in the carnival field, the Carnival Queen is crowned by the Mayoress. There are athletic races, penny-rolling, a small maypole and a little golf course in which a middle-aged couple demonstrate their skills.   Traditional skittles is a popular activity, especially among a group of burly women who hurl the bowls with great dexterity, scattering the skittles against the hay bales at the back. There is a Fancy Dress competition for all ages.  One baby represents Prince Charles, a woman is dressed in Spanish costume and a man appears as Cardinal Wolsey.  Sandra Dimarco, daughter of the owners of a long-standing Leominster fish and chip shop, still in the town today, is dressed as a Welsh girl.