#flocculation tester

[labtroncc]

Flocculation Jar Tester 1.0 L

Labtron Flocculation Jar Tester desktop unit includes six 1.0 L acrylic beakers (110 mm diameter, 180 mm height) with a speed range of 10 to 1000 rpm in 1 rpm increments and ±0.5% accuracy. It features an LCD display for precise monitoring of test parameters.

[analabtron]

Flocculation Jar Tester LFC-A11

The LFC-A11 Flocculation Jar Tester is a particular type of product. Multiple glass or plastic jars containing water samples with suspended particles are treated with coagulants and flocculants to create floculation jar testers. For simple viewing and measurement of the settled solids following the test, the jars can feature a graduated scale. Shop at labtron.us

[emmarobinsonsworld]

Flocculation Jar Tester LFC-A12

Labtron Flocculation Jar Tester simulates reagent addition, precipitation and coagulation reactions in water testing. It features 4 beakers 0.6L each, 10 to 1000 rpm speed and an LCD display. With 0-50°C temperature range ±1°C accuracy and 10-step programming, it offers both synchronous and independent operation. ISO 9001 compliant, portable and user-friendly for water treatment tests.

[yathermscientific]

Digital Jar Test Apparatus/ Flocculation Testers/ Jar Tester/ Digital Flocculator with RPM & Timer

[kimberlabtron]

Labtron Flocculation Jar Tester boasts portability and four round beakers, each holding 0.6 liters. With a speed range of 10 to 1000 rpm and a temperature range of 0 to 50 °C, it ensures efficient flocculation testing.Speed accuracy± 0.5%,.Automatic calculation of G and GT values.

[labotronicsscientific]

Jar tester

Jar tester is a flocculation testing unit with four to six stirrers. Durable brushless DC motor with digital speed indication & built-in timer. The fixed illuminator provides glare-free lighting to provide diffused lighting of samples.

[additioninst]

DIN51351 Floc Point of Refrigerator Oils Tester refrigerating fulid flocculation point Analyzer

[livingcorner]

Lime – the Vital Fertiliser! – Allotment & Gardens

I am constantly surprised how many gardeners ignore liming. The acidity of the soil has a huge effect on fertility because the acidity of soil controls how available nutrients are to your crops.

Clay soils are also harder to work the more acid they are for some complicated chemical reason.Liming enables flocculation, the process where the small particles join into larger particles as in a sandy soil.

You're reading: Lime – the Vital Fertiliser! – Allotment & Gardens

Different soil types will behave differently so one vital tool for the serious gardener is a tester for acidity levels. You can also judge the acidity of the soil by the types of weeds that grow and their behaviour.

Sorrel, creeping buttercup, nettle, dock and mare’s tail are all signs your soil is becoming or is too acid. Reducing soil acidity will help deter some weeds – they are evolved for acid soils unlike our beloved crops.

Soil PH Explained

The letters pH stand for “Power of Hydrogen” and is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and as such is a measure of acidity. Wow! For us non-chemists and for gardeners the scale generally runs from 4.00, which is highly acid in soil terms, through 7.00 which is neutral to 8.00 which is alkaline.

To LOWER soil acidity we need to RAISE the pH value and vice versa

Keeping it simple, if your soil is too acid then nutrients will not be available to the plants even if they are present. To LOWER soil acidity we need to RAISE the pH value (that one always confused me) and vice versa.

Read more: 7 Steps for the Perfect Cactus Garden | CactusWay

pH Value Chart from Acid to Alkali

Different plants require different levels of acidity – hence we have ericaceous composts for acid loving plants. Most vegetables thrive when the soil is slightly acid i.e. a pH level between 6.5 and 7, Potatoes tend to prefer a lower pH, more acid soil and Brassicas prefer a slightly alkaline soil, pH of 7.0 or even slightly higher. That’s why it is suggested to lime in the autumn after potatoes and to follow with Brassicas who like the high pH in many crop rotation plans.

Changing the acidity level of the soil

To raise the pH and lower acidity or sweeten the soil, we add lime. To lower pH and increase acidity you can add sulphate of ammonia or urea which are high nitrogen fertilizers.

From this you can see that adding manure will also lower pH and make the soil more acid.

It’s counter to what you expect, but adding loads of manure year after year will actually reduce soil fertility by making it too acid so the plants cannot access the nutrients. They become locked up.

Never Mix Lime and Fertilizer

If you have ever had a pee (slightly acid) into a toilet with bleach (very alkaline) in it, you will have noticed there is an unpleasant reaction, Just the same if you mix your lime and fertilizer. They will at best cancel each other out in an unpleasant, to the soil, reaction.

So never lime in the same year you fertilise if you can avoid it and certainly not in the same couple of months.

Different Soils

Clay soils tend to become acid more quickly than sandy soils and the amount of organic matter has an effect as well. Clay soils can also be slow to react to the addition of lime as well.

Do you need to lime and how much to lime – measuring pH

Measuring Soil Acidity (pH level)

You can buy various types of test kit, often you mix a soil sample with water then compare a colour change to a chart, but this is a bit of a pain for taking more than a couple of samples. You can also use an electronic meter, which is much easier just requiring polishing and inserting into wet soil but can give wrong results if not used correctly

Whichever kit you use, it will come with instructions and will give you a reading. Never make a judgement on the basis of just one test. You may have hit a spot particularly high or low pH. Take samples or test from a number of spots and this will give you a much better general view of your soil’s acidity level.

Types of Garden Lime

Agricultural Lime or Garden Lime

Agricultural Lime or Garden Lime is made from pulverized limestone or chalk. As well as raising the pH it will provide calcium for the crops and trace nutrients. Some recent experiments are indicating our soils may well benefit from the addition of rock dust, adding trace nutrients to the soil.

Lime is also available as Prilled Lime or Granular Lime which means small pellets or balls. These are easier to apply over large areas as you can use a machine spreader.

Dolomite Lime

Dolomite lime is similar to garden lime but contains a higher percentage of magnesium.

Quicklime and Slaked or Hydrated Lime

Quicklime is produced by burning rock limestone in kilns. It is highly caustic and cannot be applied directly to the soil. Quicklime reacts with water to produce slaked, or hydrated, lime, thus quicklime is spread around the land in heaps to absorb rain and form slaked lime, which is then spread on the soil. Their use is prohibited by the organic standards and while fast acting, the effect is short lived in comparison to garden lime.

Read more: Scrub Turkey Trouble?

How Much Lime to Use

How much lime to use will depend on your soil type and how far you have to raise your pH by. The chart below will give you a rough guide for how much ground limestone to use. For hydrated lime you only need between half and three quarters the amount.

Do be careful, too much lime can raise your pH too far and an alkaline soil is as bad as an acid soil for yield.

When to Lime

It’s usually best to lime your soil in the autumn and allow it to work its way into the soil over the winter. You do not want to lime when you have crops in the ground as the lime may well damage the crops Since brassicas like both high amounts of nitrogen & humus as well as a high pH, manure in the autumn for them and lime in the early spring,

Conclusion

Testing the soil takes little time and is very cheap. The benefit of liming is huge so do it as part of your rotation and you will see better crops for your efforts.

Amount of Lime to Raise Soil pH from 5.5 to 6.5 Soil Type KG / M2 lb / yd2 Clay 0.9 1.66 Sand 0.7 1.29 Light 0.8 1.47 Organic 1.1 2.03 Peat 1.7 3.13

More on Lime and pH

Effects of pH on Nutrient Availability

Many gardeners do not realise the large effects that pH has on nutrient availability for their plants. An acid soil, that is a soil with a low pH, or a soil with a very high pH, alkaline, is effectively deficient in nutrients even when nutrients have…

Soil pH and Its Effect on Your Garden

I tend to bore people on the subject of soil pH (acidity) and its effects on plant growth but I hope you will read this article and then this article Garden Lime – and see why. I can tell you that the effect on brassicas is huge. Additional lime,…

Source: https://livingcorner.com.au Category: Garden

source https://livingcorner.com.au/lime-the-vital-fertiliser-allotment-gardens/

[heydenblog]

WHAT IS ANNEALING? PURPOSE AND TECHNOLOGY

Annealing is a heat treatment of metal that slowly heats the metal to a certain temperature for enough time and then cools at an appropriate rate. Annealing heat treatment is divided into complete annealing, incomplete annealing and stress relieving annealing. The mechanical properties of annealing materials can be tested by tensile test or hardness test. Many steel products are supplied under annealing and heat treatment. For steel hardness testing, rockwell hardness tester can be used to test HRB hardness. For relatively thin steel plate, steel belt and thin-wall steel pipe, rockwell hardness tester can be used to test HRT hardness.

THE PURPOSE OF ANNEALING IS:

To improve or eliminate all kinds of microstructure defects and residual stress caused by steel in the process of casting, forging, rolling and welding to prevent the workpiece from deformation and cracking.

To soften the workpiece for machining.

Refine the grains and improve the structure to improve the mechanical properties of the workpiece.

Prepare tissue for final heat treatment (quenching, tempering).

COMMON ANNEALING PROCESSES ARE:

Fully annealed. Thick superheat microstructure of medium and low carbon steel after casting, forging and welding. All into the workpiece heated to ferrite austenite temperature more than 30 ~ 50 ℃, the heat preservation for a period of time, and then with the slow cooling furnace, austenite during cooling to change again, can make the organization of the steel.

Ball annealing. Used to reduce the high hardness of tool steel and bearing steel after forging. The workpiece heated to begin to form austenitic steel temperature above 20 ~ 40 ℃, slow cooling after heat preservation, in the process of cooling of pearlite lamellar cementite into a ball, reducing the hardness.

D. Isothermal annealing. To reduce the high hardness of some alloy structural steels with high content of nickel and chromium for machining. Generally, the austenite is cooled to the most unstable temperature of the austenite at a relatively fast speed. If the temperature is kept at a proper time, the austenite is transformed into tortoids or sorbite, and the hardness can be reduced.

E recrystallization annealing. It is used to eliminate the hardening phenomenon (increase in hardness and decrease in plasticity) of wire and sheet during cold drawing and cold rolling. Heating temperature is commonly steel began to form the austenitic temperature below 50 ~ 150 ℃, only in this way can eliminate the strain hardening effect to soften a metal.

Graphite annealing. It is used to turn cast iron containing large amounts of cementite into forgeable iron with good plasticity. Casting process is be heated to 950 ℃ or so, appropriate cooling after heat preservation time, make cementite decomposition form flocculent mass graphite.

D diffusion annealing. It is used to homogenize the chemical components of alloy castings and improve their performance. The method is to heat the casting to the highest temperature possible without melting, and keep it for a long time, until the various elements in the alloy diffuse to a uniform distribution and then cool down.

To remove stress annealing. To eliminate the internal stress of steel castings and welding parts. For began after the formation of austenitic steel heating temperature under 100 ~ 200 ℃, holding in the air after cooling, can eliminate internal stress.

[labtroncc]

Flocculation Jar Tester 0.6 L

Labtron Flocculation Jar Tester includes four 0.6 L acrylic beakers (95 mm diameter, 130 mm height) with a speed range of 10 to 1000 rpm in 1 rpm increments and ±0.5% accuracy. It features an LCD display for precise monitoring of test parameters.

[analabtron]

Flocculation Jar Tester

A laboratory tool called a flocculation jar tester is used to calculate the ideal dosage of coagulants, also known as flocculants, for the treatment of wastewater and water. Larger flocs are created by the process of flocculation, which makes it easier to filter or sediment the liquid's particles. Usually including numerous stirring settings, a flocculation jar tester enables the testing of multiple samples simultaneously under different conditions. Shop online at labtron.us

[emmarobinsonsworld]

Flocculation Jar Tester LFC-A11

Labtron Flocculation Jar Tester simulates reagent addition, precipitation and coagulation in water testing. It features 4 round beakers 0.6 L each, a temperature range of 0-50°C with ±1°C accuracy and an LCD display for easy monitoring. With a speed range of 10-1000 rpm and a timer 0-99 mins, 10 steps, it ensures synchronous or independent operation. ISO 9001 compliant and user-friendly.

[labotronicsscientific]

Jar tester

Labotronics Jar tester is a flocculation testing unit with four stirrers to stirr Up to 2000 mL .Durable brushless DC motor with digital speed indication & built-in timer. The fixed illuminator provides glare-free lighting to test the conditions (stirring speed, flocculant dosage, settling time) that affect the separation suspended particles or impurities. The settled flocs are visually inspected, and their properties are recorded

Read more

[labotronicsscientific]

Jar tester

The flocculation testing apparatus known as a jar tester has four to six stirrers. dependable brushless DC motor with integrated timer and digital speed display. In order to give samples diffused lighting, the stationary illuminator produces glare-free lighting.

[additioninst]

DIN51351 Floc Point of Refrigerator Oils Tester refrigerating fulid flocculation point Analyzer