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wamatechblog · 3 years ago

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Techniques for Finding Errors in Your Java Code

Tips & Tricks for Java Code Reviews. Nobody can escape creating mistakes in their Java code from the start, sometimes not even experts. But you know what qualifies them as authorities? They are knowledgeable about shortcuts to cut down on errors and speed up their work.

So how do they spot Java code problems so quickly? What techniques will hasten the error-finding process?

As you continue reading, you will discover practical advice and shortcuts.

Top 6 Techniques for Finding Errors in Java Code

Tips & Tricks for Java Code Reviews. The following are the primary suggestions to identify errors in your Java code more quickly:

1. Go through the code first

To assist you identify the issue, run the complete code through. You may further reduce the issues as you develop solutions for a few by running the full code.

The scroll bar is used in the outdated approach to browse the code. The code may also be modularized, or broken down into manageable smaller components. You will be more able to identify sectional mistakes if you examine each element separately.

2. Examine the syntax highlighting

Common syntax mistakes include omitting a bracket or a semicolon, among others. A compiler can be used to detect syntactic mistakes. Reading the code in another language is another method for resolving syntactic issues.

Your job will be cut down by syntax highlighters, IDEs, and auto-indenting code. These IDEs or text editors are familiar with the syntax of the language. Additionally, they employ various colours for the keywords, strings, comments, and codes. Get acquainted with the highlighter's typical hues. In this manner, when a portion of the code has the incorrect colour, you may easily see syntax errors.

Use a Linter 3.

Developers can automate the code review process with the use of linters, which are simple static code analyzers. Using established coding conventions, they may identify defects, auto-fix style problems, and dubious constructions.

How does the lint roller function? The linter first examines the source code, checks for security flaws, and highlights coding mistakes. The code structure is then fixed to guarantee that maintaining the code is simple. In the end, they raise the overall quality and readability.

Work with Java developers

For linting, the Checkstyle tool performs really well. There are several tools available, including SolarLint,

Before employing a code review tool, run the entire code through the linter for analysis. If you go in this sequence, difficulties will be minimised.

4. Employ tools for Java code review

Use specialised Java code review tools to check the code before launching it. These instruments assess the source code's consistency. It also improves code quality by highlighting recurring errors like duplication and extraneous code elements. Code review is similar to document proofreading.

The collection of open-source, user-friendly code review tools compatible with Java is provided below. Among the tools are: • PMD, a review tool that is open-source and free. The PMD static analyzer, in addition to correcting the basic review flaws, finds IP addresses or passwords that render a website vulnerable to assaults. A copy and paste detector for PMD called CPD is adaptable to different computer languages.

• FindBugs is a free, open-source Java code review tool, just as PMD. The tool detects contradictions and alerts the developer. Additionally, the developer could make changes right away. However, the original Java tools operate the best with it.

• FineBugs has been upgraded to SpotBugs. It categorises errors and alerts the developer to them.

• The free utility Checkstyle finds design and formatting errors.

JArchitect examines the Java code for complexity and clarity, whereas Graudit aids engineers in identifying security vulnerabilities. It offers metrics for the code analysis.

Use a compiler, fifth

You may already be aware that a compiler may also detect grammatical problems. A compiler can be used to fix compile-time, run-time, and logic problems. For typos, unbound variables, and other errors of this nature, a compiler is fantastic.

Compiler finds problems at compile time and highlights the offending lines. It then displays an error message on the screen after noting the issue.

It's important to be aware that a compiler occasionally displays many error messages for a single issue. When this occurs, fix the first error before recompiling.

6. Debug!

A crucial competency for Java developers is debugging. The final irregularities that you missed after utilising code review tools are removed by debugging. By selecting Debug As from the context menu of the right-clicked Java editor class file in Package Explorer, you may debug. Utilizing the keyboard shortcut Alt+ Shift+ D is another option. You may also utilise the JDB, or Java Debugger, which on the platform debugs with a straightforward command.

Also read : web development company

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huntercrowd698 · 4 years ago

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Jp Morgan Chase Car Payment Phone Number

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. And its affiliates (collectively “JPMCB”) offer investment products, which may include bank managed accounts and custody, as part of its trust and fiduciary services. Other investment products and services, such as brokerage and advisory accounts, are offered through J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (JPMS), a member of. Payments made on a business day (Monday-Friday, excluding holidays) from a Chase deposit account by 11 PM ET or from a non-Chase deposit account by 8 PM ET will be credited on the same business day. Payments made on weekends, holidays or after the cutoff time will be credited the next business day. Ec2 tomcat logs.

The JPMorgan Chase Corporate Challenge, owned and operated by JPMorgan Chase, is the largest corporate road racing series in the world with over 200,000 participants in 12 cities in six countries on five continents. It has been held annually since 1977 and the races range in size from 4,000 entrants to more than 60,000.

1 To finance a new or used car with your dealer through JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ('Chase'), you must purchase your car from a dealer in the Chase network. The dealer will be the original creditor and assign the financing to Chase. All applications are subject to credit approval by Chase. Additional terms and conditions apply, such as vehicle make, age and mileage.

2 APR (Annual Percentage Rate) is the cost of credit, expressed as a yearly rate. APRs appearing in rate tables and/or calculator results are based on your input and are subject to change at any time. Additional terms and conditions apply such as vehicle age and mileage. When you apply for credit, your application is subject to credit approval by Chase using your full credit history, related score, income and other factors to evaluate your request and ability to repay. Consider checking your credit report occasionally to be sure inaccuracies aren't impacting your ability to receive credit. Calculator results are also based on your selected dealer state, loan-to-value ratio of 100% and only apply to car purchases from a dealer in the Chase network. If you obtain purchase financing from a dealer in OH or IN, your APR will include an origination fee of $195, as part of the calculation of the cost of the credit, which will make the APR higher than the interest rate when you finance.

Chase Car Payment Phone Number

Jp Morgan Payoff Number

3 We provide rate and payment calculators as resources to help you evaluate payment amounts that may be right for you. Calculator results are based on the information you provided, and Chase does not guarantee your ability to receive these terms. The calculator assumes 30 days in a month and a first payment scheduled 30 days after the start date to calculate a monthly payment. Monthly payment amounts vary by term and rate. For example, the minimum payment is $418.41 over a 60 month term at 3.5% APR. No down payment is required.

How Do I Contact Chase Auto

*Chase does not offer auto refinancing. Simple spider drawing.

The official release of Tomcat 8.5.34 was built with Ant 1.9.9 and JDK 7u80, as can be seen in MANIFEST.MF files in jars. The release of Tomcat 9.0.12 was built with Ant 1.9.9 and JDK 8u181. Comment 4 Brett Sutton 2018-09-13 01:49:52 UTC. This allows Tomcat 8.5 to use the newer Checkstyle releases while still building with Java 7. (markt) 63285: Add an option to service.bat so that when installing a Windows service, the name of the executables used by the Windows service may be changed to match the service name. Jira Tomcat Bundled JRE; 7.13: Application Server Apache Tomcat/8.5.32: Oracle JDK 1.8.0181: 7.13.1: Application Server Apache Tomcat/8.5.32: Oracle JDK 1.8.0181. Lambda expressions are allowed only at source level 1.8 or above Apache Tomcat/8.0.14. It runs on JDK jdk1.8.025. Improve this answer. Follow answered Nov 12 '14 at 20:29. Stan Sokolov Stan Sokolov. 1,513 16 16 silver badges 17 17 bronze badges. Add a comment 2. Apache Tomcat 8.5.x supports the same Servlet, JSP, EL, and WebSocket Specification versions as Apache Tomcat 8.0.x. In addition to that, it also implements the JASPIC 1.1 specification. It was created in March 2016 as a fork from Tomcat 9.0.0.M4 (alpha) milestone release. Tomcat 8.5 jdk.

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livingbutamireally · 4 years ago

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AY2020/2021 Y2S1 Module Reviews

This semester proved to be a pain as expected. Said pain coming mostly from BT2101 and CS2030. Everything was conducted online with the exception of the weekly lab sessions for CS2030 so I only had to go to school for 1 day. F2F CS2030 recitations were optional so I gave up and just watched the recorded zoom session instead of going to school just for a class half way through the semester. I usually miss the live zoom sessions because mine was at 1pm and I am almost always still having lunch at that time and not ready at all. Also i missed about half of my BT2102 tutorials because I simply forgot I had tutorials at that time (2-4pm). They still awarded me nicely for participation much to my surprise (7/10).

BT2101 Decision Making Methods and Tools

BT2102 Data Management and Visualisation

CS2030 Programming Methodology II

GEQ1000 Asking Questions

IS1103 Ethics in Computing

CS2030: Programming Methodology II in Java

Prof: Dr Henry Chia, A.P. Terrence Sim

Weightage:

Weekly labs (5%)

Individual project (15%)

Practical assessment #1 in week 7 (15%)

Practical assessment #2 in week 12 (20%)

Class participation (5%) : includes lab participation, piazza discussions and peer learning activities

Final exam (40%)

CS2030 proved to be intensive not only in the aspect of planning code design but also the actual implementation itself.. (thinking about how to solve the problem and/or get the expected outputs).. Really struggled my way through the start although that really was only the tip of the iceberg because I had no prior experience in Java and the introductory Winter Workshops were reserved exclusively for freshmen or I missed the deadlines can’t remember.. The first few lectures got us familiar with Java Programming before diving deep into Functional Programming which is a lot harder to grasp vs Object-Oriented Programming which was introduced to us in CS1010S already. The hardest part comes with Streams but honestly after learning streams so many processes can be coded so much more efficiently as compared to OOP, really simplifies some of the tasks when using FP rather than OOP. Interesting to note that this streams part ties in well with BT2102′s coding part where we learnt aggregation pipelines in MongoDB and MySQL i believe the concepts felt similar??

Weekly Labs

Pretty manageable imo , compared to the project ofc (rolls eyes)

This semester they changed things up a bit and shifted all the weekly labs deadlines to finals so we had more control in terms of time management and our progress in the labs. Naturally we are expected to do them every week but say we are busy in a certain week for other modules we can always come back on another. I was always behind by like a month compared to my friends who were more on task.

Individual Project

Project part 1 was still okay for the Discrete Event Simulator (DES) basically designing a system for customers to queue and be served and recording the relevant work done at the appropriate times using OOP.

The hardest part was project part 2 where you had to rewrite the whole chunk in part 1 FP style and also they added a lot of more complex simulations and cases which I really just gave up entirely after completing level 2.

It was so hard it was traumatic. Level 3 had something to do with importing a random number generator and the test cases only get more confusing and long i just really had no brain cells left for the work worth only 7% before deducting late submissions penalty (bc brain slow LOL) and the code design criteria and checkstyles. I was so mad that it takes up so much time and effort just to be worth a petty 7% that I gave up entirely didnt even finish reading the questions (which was also pretty darn long). Sorry i am dumb. Please be proud of me I am trying my best.

I have zero idea who in the department decided to rig the difficulty of this project by so much up compared to previous semesters. They really expected too much out of us i am so sorry to disappoint.

Practical Assessments

Basically similar to weekly lab exercises but you have to do it within the time frame during a lab session. You get to take home and re-edit the code to get the full marks and are moderated according to the changes you made compared to the one submitted during the PA itself. That also means if you do not submit the correct full marks version of the code in a week, you do not get moderated and will be awarded with the marks scored in lab which is obviously 0 for me I had over 70 compilation errors and you might be thinking how. But trust me i am too, confused how. Most people will score around 0-2m in lab but taking it home and refining the whole code with minimal changes and will be graded according to the amount of changes made to get the final code. Tests you how close you can get to the correct outputs within the time frame whether you already had it in your head.

Final Exam

Comes in MCQs, a few case questions consisting of subparts if i remembered correctly some of which required you to write out a possible code (2-3 lines) converting oop to streams, synchronous to asynchronous etc. There are plenty resources (pyps) floating around in the gc so you can use them well for revision.

Theoretical content was tested i dont really know how to put in words but you may be able to code well even though you may have some of the concepts wrong

We only did pure coding work in labs, projects and practical assessments so this really reinforces your understanding of the material

Considering I didnt finish project part 2 this is quite a decent grade already really thankful i dont have to go through this ordeal again. See you never.

BT2101: Decision Making Methods and Tools

Professor: Rudy Sentiono, A.P. Huang Zhiyong

Weightage:

Group project (20%)

Written assignments - 3x 5% (15%)

Tutorial participation (5%)

Midterm - open book (20%)

Finals - open book (40%)

This is the second module that I have been struggling with since the start of the semester. Tutor changed after the first session, the former tutor was much better and clearer in her explanations. This is quite a math-intensive course and requires some knowledge of linear algrebra and thus the pre-requisities. Maths has never been my strong suit (well except in primary school) so I struggled hard with this module. Nearing the end we learnt about deep learning neural networks which was pretty interesting and really broadened my perspectives on the future of machine learning. The pace was okay, but the lecturer seems to just repeat the words on the lecture slides in his lectures. The lectures were seemingly simplified from the reference texts he used but is nevertheless still daunting to look at to revise. Project was a 4-5 people groupwork where we had to conduct all the stages of data analytics from data exploration, cleaning of data to data mining, conclusions etc. There were an additional 3 assignments that we had to do together with our groupmates by the stipulated deadlines. This module requires a lot of work and preparation. Am glad to be able to pass.

BT2102: Data Management and Visualisation

Weightage:

Assignment 1 (Group): 25 marks

Assignment 2 (Individual): 35 marks

Assignment 3 (Group): 30 marks

Class Participation: 10 marks (Participation in Tutorials and Group Assignment Discussions)

IS1103: Ethics in Computing

Weightage:

FPAQ (50%)

Missions (50%)

Expected Grade: B+

Final Grade: A-

For this module, all 13 missions are to be done by the last date of submission for finals which was a 300 question quiz held on LumiNUS. Missions are assigned weekly where we go to the WordPress website the professor has built, a server that he regularly does maintenance on and in it he uses a tracker to track our progress through clicking links and submitting short answer questions sometimes. Most of them were done by clicking of links and we were told to disable our Adblockers if any to prevent interruptions or his system not capturing our data. We were encouraged to do it weekly although the deadline was the end of the semester. One of the missions included us doing some Linux practice penetration questions on Kali, it was a bit tough but other than that the other missions were pretty simple and straightforward. After every mission done we were to do a practice PAQ which is not graded and upon submission would give us the model answers to study in preparation for FPAQ the final week submission. PAQ consists of 5 themes * 7 questions = 35 questions, whereas FPAQ has 300 over questions to be done over the span of a week, the reading week. Carpal tunnel.

GEQ1000: Asking Questions

Weightage:

Tutorial attendance/participation (36%)

Forum participation - forum 1 and 2 (14%)

MCQ quiz (36%)

Final paper (14%)

This is a general education module everyone in NUS is required to take. I dont think I learned much so I am really only there to go through the motion. There are a few pillars that the department touches on mainly Physics, Engineering, Design, etc to show how the different disciplinary courses are interconnected and how/why is questioning important. Really low maintenance course, we do a 6 or 10 MCQ quiz every week prior to the lecture for that pillar. Tutorial was online via zoom and really low workload in general. Final week was on design and we had to make a wallet for our partner and explain why or how we chose the designs, and also submitting a word essay on our reflections of things we learned.

Update. I only pray to hover above or maintain at this current CAP lemao PLEASE YOU NEED TO

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freetutorialstack-blog · 6 years ago

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Jenkins 2 Bootcamp: Fully Automate Builds to Deployment 2019

Description

It is a complete course designed to indicate how one can setup and run a Jenkins CI server beginning with steady inspection (construct, check and evaluation) during to steady deployment. This course supplies a robust basis for implementing steady inspection, steady integration, steady supply, and even steady deployment at your organization or studio. To be able to ikeep the course quick and to-the-point, a number of choices have been made in an effort to present an entire path from CI to CD. The pipeline created on this course consists of the next: Jenkins CI server put in and configured on Home windows Git because the supply management system Java as the primary programming language of construct initiatives Maven because the construct device Findbugs, PMD, and Checkstyle because the static code evaluation instruments Tomcat because the deployment server This set of instruments supplies a complete, end-to-end implementation steady deployment pipeline. Jenkins will be put in on many working techniques and helps a myriad of instruments and applied sciences -- which implies, this course supplies great worth to these comfy or fascinated with different working techniques and/or applied sciences. Course Define Introduction supplies an summary for the course, which leas to the Core Ideas for Jenkins. This supplies a basis for the rest of the course. Set upsupplies step-by-step directions on how one can setup Jenkins and all of the associated instruments particularly on Home windows. The identical ideas are relevant to different working techniques as effectively. The Fundamentals supplies a primary have a look at Jenkins at work with a quite simple "freestyle" venture. This permits us to study the Jenkins interface and the important thing options it supplies. After that, we dive into Maven Tasks particularly -- since Jenkins natively perceive Maven and thus supplies particular options for Maven initiatives. Jenkins can achieve this way more than merely constructing. In Check & High quality, we hook up an ordinary set of unit testing and high quality evaluation instruments for Java initiatives. Then, we use that info to have an effect on the construct standing primarily based on established requirements. We additionally cowl how one can use Jenkins as an artifact repository which is used to retailer the construct artifacts, like jars and wars, after profitable builds. That is notably helpful when integrating Jenkins with different instruments in a extra complete software program supply technique. Then, we convey the whole lot collectively for Deployment to a working Tomcat server. Don't be concerned, I will stroll you thru the whole setup and configuration to work seamlessly with Jenkins! Lastly, no course can be full with out speaking about Safety. On this last chapter, we setup Jenkins to permit customers to login and solely see their initiatives. Course OptionsShows present audio/video coaching of conceptual concepts in every main space or introduction of latest ideas. Screencasts present a video of the teacher's laptop system with any actions, instructions, or screens displayed and narrated. There are a number of hours of display cat video content material -- it makes up the overwhelming majority of the course. Any command line primarily based screencast will embrace a command itemizing within the lecture downloads. Read the full article

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knoldus · 7 years ago

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Software development has reached beyond the mere question of, “Does it work?”’ However, the question of “how to improve the code quality and its efficiency?” becomes the primary concern.

The code quality improvement is one of the things that requires well-developed strategy and adhering to it throughout the project’s lifecycle. It’s only a matter of time when it catches you up and causes problems if you leave it unaddressed. That’s why it is much better to manage this problem beforehand.

Let’s understand it using a metaphor: Suppose you construct a house without architecture. How long that house is going to stay intact is difficult to say as a foundation is of major concern, not the interior design. In a similar manner, we must strive for a good quality code so that the code will be able to live on without rotting over the time.

Writing code with desired functionality that compiles well is not enough as there are few concerns beyond functionality such as:

Proper naming conventions are followed or not.

Indentation is proper or not.

Style warnings are taken care of or not.

Code Optimization is taken care of or not.

Best coding practices are followed or not.

Design principles are followed or not.

Unit test cases are written or not.

The code is readable or not.

Code quality is not an abstract concept that has a value only in the developer’s world, it is a real thing which is missing, can lead to great financial losses over the time.

CodeSquad – A revolutionary product for continuous quality check and enables you to identify missing or problematic attributes of your code.

CodeSquad is an application that provides a qualitative analysis and insight of the projects by displaying the quality metrics of the project in a way that is easily accessible, understandable, and easier to compare with previous metrics. CodeSquad keeps the user informed by highlighting the missing or the problematic parameters.

Features:

1. Code Quality at a glance

CodeSquad dashboard presents project’s current quality at a glance by placing all quality parameters in a single row.

2. A check on technical debt

Use graphs and visualizations to track project quality over time and zoom in on specific time periods for more granular analysis

3. History graphs of project quality stats

Visualise the history of a project and understand precisely what happened in the past till past six months.

4. Notifications

CodeSquad dashboard notifies the user about activities like report upload status, health report by comparing new report’s result with the previous one(if exists) and outdated reports. It raises an alarm if the project hasn’t been through quality check for the past fifteen days.

5. Collaborator permission

CodeSquad provides quality status not only to project’s admin but also to the collaborators of the project.

Type of Quality metrics/reports CodeSquad can monitor?

Before answering this question, let’s first understand,”what are static analysis tools?“.

Static analysis tools:

They are generally used by developers as part of the development and component testing process. Source code acts as an input to the tool and tool itself is executed. It helps the developers to understand the structure of the code, and can also be used to enforce coding standards. A compiler can be considered as a static analysis tool because it builds a symbol table, points out incorrect usage and checks for non-compliance to coding language conventions or syntax.

Advantages of static analysis tools are:

Identifies defects in source code.

Provides help in understanding code.

Helps in analyzing dependencies and structures.

Enforces coding standards.

Computing metrics such as cyclomatic complexity which provides tester an indication of the amount of testing, nesting, and a number of lines of code.

Examples of the static analysis tools are:

Checkstyle: Checkstyle is a blooming tool that help programmers write Java code that adheres to a coding standard. Each rule can raise notifications, warnings, and errors. For example, checkstyle can examine- naming conventions of attributes and methods, the presence of mandatory headers, spaces between some characters, good practices of class construction and multiple complexity measurements among which expressions.

Programming Mistake Detector(PMD): PMD is a source code analyzer that detects flaws in source code, like duplicate Code, wasteful String/StringBuffer usage, classes with high cyclomatic complexity measurements, empty blocks or statements and unused local variables, parameters, and private methods.

Copy Paste Detector(CPD): CPD finds duplicate code. Copied/pasted code can mean copied/pasted bugs and thus decreases maintainability.

FindBugs: FindBugs is an open source tool used to perform static analysis on Java code. Findbugs scans for possible bugs in Java software. FindBugs operates on java bytecode, rather than source code. Each finding is reported as a warning. Warnings are categorised into four ranks: (i) scariest, (ii) scary, (iii) troubling and (iv) of concern.

Java Code Coverage(JaCoCo): JaCoCo is an open source toolkit for measuring and reporting java code coverage. JaCoCo offers instructions, line and branch coverage.

Lines of Code(LOC): LOC computes the size of a Java source code file by counting the “logical lines of code.”

Scalastyle: Scalastyle examines your Scala code and indicates potential problems with it. It is similar to checkstyle in java.

Scoverage: Scoverage is a free Apache-licensed code coverage tool for scala that offers statement and branch coverage.

Scapegoat: Colloquially known as a code lint tool or linter. Scapegoat works in a similar vein to Java’s FindBugs or checkstyle, or Scala’s Scalastyle.

CodeSquad support these programming languages: Scala & Java

Quality Metrics For Java

Check Style

Programming Mistake Detector(PMD)

Copy Paste Detector(CPD)

Find Bugs

Java Code Coverage(JaCoCo)

Lines of Code(LOC)

Quality Metrics For Scala

Lines of Code(LOC)

Scala Style

SCoverage

Scapegoat

CPD

Why codeSquad?

Secure – CodeSquad don’t need any access to your source code to generate the monitoring dashboard, it only needs the reports generated by code analysis tools.

Efficient – It can be used in all types of projects structures/frameworks like SBT/Maven etc.

CodeSquad is not limited to few software matrices. Any type of report can be parsed and corresponding results can be displayed.

User-Friendly: You don’t have to be a technical person like a tester or a developer for monitoring software health. It allows all levels of users (stakeholders like Managers, QAs, BAs etc.) to understand the quality of code.

What makes codeSquad unique?

CodeSquad not only inspects the quality of code but also keeps its users and collaborators informed about the current check on code’s quality and raises alarm if the project hasn’t been through a quality check. Clients can keep the continuous check on project matrices and can ensure that their money is spent wisely.

Sounds Interesting? Contact us for having this awesome tool and check your code quality: [email protected]

#WordPress

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tutorialspointexamples · 7 years ago

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Java Basics

Most Java projects are pretty similar as far as the basics go: you need to compile your Java source files, run some unit tests, and create a JAR file containing your classes. It would be nice if you didn’t have to code all this up for every project. Luckily, you don’t have to. Gradle solves this problem through the use of plugins. A plugin is an extension to Gradle which configures your project in some way, typically by adding some pre-configured tasks which together do something useful. Gradle ships with a number of plugins, and you can easily write your own and share them with others. One such plugin is the Java plugin. This plugin adds some tasks to your project which will compile and unit test your Java source code, and bundle it into a JAR file.

The Java plugin is convention based. This means that the plugin defines default values for many aspects of the project, such as where the Java source files are located. If you follow the convention in your project, you generally don’t need to do much in your build script to get a useful build. Gradle allows you to customize your project if you don’t want to or cannot follow the convention in some way. In fact, because support for Java projects is implemented as a plugin, you don’t have to use the plugin at all to build a Java project, if you don’t want to.

We have in-depth coverage with many examples about the Java plugin, dependency management and multi-project builds in later chapters. In this chapter we want to give you an initial idea of how to use the Java plugin to build a Java project.

A basic Java project

Let’s look at a simple example. To use the Java plugin, add the following to your build file:

Example: Using the Java plugin

build.gradle

apply plugin: 'java'

Note: The code for this example can be found at samples/java/quickstart in the ‘-all’ distribution of Gradle.

This is all you need to define a Java project. This will apply the Java plugin to your project, which adds a number of tasks to your project.

What tasks are available?

You can use gradle tasks to list the tasks of a project. This will let you see the tasks that the Java plugin has added to your project.

Gradle expects to find your production source code under src/main/java and your test source code under src/test/java. In addition, any files under src/main/resources will be included in the JAR file as resources, and any files under src/test/resources will be included in the classpath used to run the tests. All output files are created under the build directory, with the JAR file ending up in the build/libs directory.

Building the project

The Java plugin adds quite a few tasks to your project. However, there are only a handful of tasks that you will need to use to build the project. The most commonly used task is the build task, which does a full build of the project. When you run gradle build, Gradle will compile and test your code, and create a JAR file containing your main classes and resources:

Example: Building a Java project

Output of gradle build

> gradle build :compileJava :processResources :classes :jar :assemble :compileTestJava :processTestResources :testClasses :test :check :build BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s 6 actionable tasks: 6 executed

Some other useful tasks are:

clean

Deletes the build directory, removing all built files.

assemble

Compiles and jars your code, but does not run the unit tests. Other plugins add more artifacts to this task. For example, if you use the War plugin, this task will also build the WAR file for your project.

check

Compiles and tests your code. Other plugins add more checks to this task. For example, if you use the checkstyle plugin, this task will also run Checkstyle against your source code.

External dependencies

Usually, a Java project will have some dependencies on external JAR files. To reference these JAR files in the project, you need to tell Gradle where to find them. In Gradle, artifacts such as JAR files, are located in a repository. A repository can be used for fetching the dependencies of a project, or for publishing the artifacts of a project, or both. For this example, we will use the public Maven repository:

Example: Adding Maven repository

build.gradle

repositories { mavenCentral() }

Java annotations. Java annotations overview. Built-in Java Annotations. @Deprecated Java Annotation. @Override Java Annotation. @SuppressWarnings java annotation. Java custom annotation. DRY (Don't repeat yourself) Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) Open Closed Design Principle Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) Interface Segregation Principle (ISP) Dependency Injection or Inversion principle Aggregation Design Principle. Core java tutorial. Programming language. Overview of Java. Java features JVM details. JVM, JRE and JDK. Java Coding Guidelines. Important definitions. Variable and data types. Hello world java program. Important Java Programs. Basic Programs. How to set permanent path in java? OOPs Basics. Object and Class in Java. OOPs Principles/Concepts. Abstraction in java. Encapsulation in java. Polymorphism in java. Method overloading. Method overriding. Dynamic method dispatch. Association. Inheritance. Aggregation. Command line arguments. How to execute command line argument program in eclipse. How to read input from command line in Java using Scanner. Abstract class in java. Interface in java. Constructor in java. Package in java. Access modifier in java. Static import in java. Package class in java. this in java.

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dwight11carrero · 7 years ago

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How to run the Highlight Command Line from Apache Ant

In a previous post, we provided a script template to use integrate a Highlight code scan within a Jenkins pipeline. Let's see now in this article how to clone a repository from Github and run Highlight's analyzers from Apache Ant, and upload scan results to the portal and quickly get unprecedented software Analytics.

The script below illustrates how to integrate the command line from Apache Ant. Don't hesitate to adapt your typical build.xml to your context and once you're all set, just run ant -buildfile build.xml. As you probably know, Ant proposes an interesting connectivity to a bunch SCM tools such as Subversion, CVS, Git, ClearCase, Microsoft Virtual SourceSafe…

hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();

c:\temp\ checkstyle/checkstyle checkstyle-8.9

Want to use our command line from another tool? Don't hesitate to contact us, we'll try to post a script sample for your environment in the coming articles.

Try CAST HighlightRead the Command Line documentation

The post How to run the Highlight Command Line from Apache Ant appeared first on CAST Highlight.

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programmingbiters-blog · 7 years ago

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New Post has been published on https://programmingbiters.com/checkstyle-enforce-coding-rules-and-styles-across-android-projects/

Checkstyle – Enforce coding rules and styles across android projects

Based on my experience of working on different projects and different teammates, I have observed most of all the programmers are having their own style of writing code, whether it’s upto the standard or not but yes they would come to learn based on the experience, but still you would not be sure about the same style/pattern/standards they follow across projects!

At Lets Nurture, code review is getting done, completely manually but now we are focusing more onto automate certain things which we can! To do so, there is a challenge which is to check whether code has been implemented as per the styles and standards! (We should not go and check whether unused imports in each project files!). At least we can automate it and for the same, we have started integrating tools which can help us to automate such things. We have integrated couple of tools in android develpment, one of them is Checkstyle, more about other tools in coming articles!

Now, let’s see how we can configure it for the android application.

ALERT: When you integrate checkstyle in android project, initially you would find it boring and difficult!

How it works?

We need to include one checkstyle.xml (i.e. configuration file) into the project and configure it using task in gradle file. So whenever we build project, it performs check (with those rules defined in that configuration file) on written java code, fails build and give errors as soon as it found something broken!

To perform checkstyle rules in Android studio, we have to define a task and configure the same into the gradle build system. Later in this article, we will see what to define and how to configure!

Output

As I mentioned above, it shows error and stops build as soon as it detects some code found against the defined rules in checkstyle.xml file.

Checkstyle also gives reports in html format.

checkstyle-warning-_-html-reports

Checkstyle configuration demo file

Below is the configuration demo file which I have used in recent projects. The popular OkHttp library also has a checkstyle configured, check and take reference from https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/okhttp/+/jb-mr1-dev/checkstyle.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC "-//Puppy Crawl//DTD Check Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://www.puppycrawl.com/dtds/configuration_1_2.dtd"> <module name="Checker"> <module name="NewlineAtEndOfFile"/> <module name="FileLength"/> <module name="FileTabCharacter"/>  <module name="RegexpSingleline"> <property name="format" value="s+$"/> <property name="message" value="Line has trailing spaces."/> </module> <module name="TreeWalker"> <property name="cacheFile" value="$checkstyle.cache.file"/>      <module name="JavadocStyle"/>   <module name="ConstantName"/> <module name="LocalFinalVariableName"/> <module name="LocalVariableName"/> <module name="MemberName"/> <module name="MethodName"/> <module name="PackageName"/> <module name="ParameterName"/> <module name="StaticVariableName"/> <module name="TypeName"/>   <module name="AvoidStarImport"/> <module name="IllegalImport"/>  <module name="RedundantImport"/> <module name="UnusedImports"/>   <module name="LineLength"> <property name="max" value="120"/> </module> <module name="MethodLength"/> <module name="ParameterNumber"/>   <module name="GenericWhitespace"/> <module name="EmptyForIteratorPad"/> <module name="MethodParamPad"/> <module name="NoWhitespaceAfter"/> <module name="NoWhitespaceBefore"/> <module name="OperatorWrap"/> <module name="ParenPad"/> <module name="TypecastParenPad"/> <module name="WhitespaceAfter"/> <module name="WhitespaceAround"/>    <module name="RedundantModifier"/>   <module name="AvoidNestedBlocks"/>  <module name="LeftCurly"/> <module name="NeedBraces"/> <module name="RightCurly"/>    <module name="CovariantEquals"/> <module name="DoubleCheckedLocking"/> <module name="EmptyStatement"/>  <module name="EqualsHashCode"/>  <module name="IllegalInstantiation"/>    <module name="RedundantThrows"/> <module name="SimplifyBooleanExpression"/> <module name="SimplifyBooleanReturn"/>    <module name="FinalClass"/> <module name="HideUtilityClassConstructor"/> <module name="InterfaceIsType"/>    <module name="ArrayTypeStyle"/>   <module name="UpperEll"/> </module> </module>

Configure checkstyle.xml for android application

Follow below steps for integrating checkstyle.xml in the android application project.

Step 1: Create checkstyle.xml file in settings folder at root level

Create a checkstyle.xml file and put it inside the settings (or configure) directory at root level of the project. Copy the checkstyle rules from the given demo configuration file above and paste it into your checkstyle.xml configuration file.

Step 2: Define checkstyle task in gradle (root level)

allprojects repositories jcenter() task checkstyle(type: Checkstyle) showViolations = true configFile file("../settings/checkstyle.xml") source 'src/main/java' include '**/*.java' exclude '**/gen/**' exclude '**/R.java' exclude '**/BuildConfig.java' // empty classpath classpath = files()

Step 3: Apply checkstyle plugin and use the defined checkstyle task in module level build.gradle file

apply plugin: 'checkstyle' preBuild.dependsOn('checkstyle') assemble.dependsOn('lint') check.dependsOn('checkstyle')

Download example project

You can download the example project to check how it works. Download from https://github.com/PareshMayani/CheckstyleDemo

Source

In Summary

This has brought to the end of this article. In this article, we have talked about checkstyle plugin, configuring the same for android application projects and how it can help us to maintain the coding styles and standards. As I mentioned, initially it would be boring and headache but gradually you would be habitual to write code as per the configuration defined in checkstyle configuration file.

If time permits then will talk about such tools which we have integrated for the android project! Until then keep sharing and learning together

Originally posted on Checkstyle – Enforce coding rules and styles across android projects

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ipgray-blog · 8 years ago

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IPGRAY : eclipse - How to download, install and use Checkstyle plugin i...

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luxus4me · 8 years ago

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Nettuts+ http://j.mp/2qW3k5D

In today's tutorial, we'll learn about how to ensure high-quality Android code in our projects using some static code analysis tools for Java. We'll look at Checkstyle, FindBugs, PMD, and Android Studio Lint—all of them free and open source!

What Are Static Code Analysis Tools?

These are tools that parse and analyse your source code without actually executing it. The goal is to find potential vulnerabilities such as bugs and security flaws. A popular free static code analyser such as FindBugs checks your code against a set of rules which your code should adhere to—if the code doesn't follow these rules, it's a sign that something may be wrong. Think of static code analysis tools as an additional compiler that is run before the final compilation into the system language.

Many software companies are requiring projects to pass static code analysis tests, in addition to doing code reviews and unit testing in the build process. Even maintainers of open-source projects often include one or more static code analysis steps in the build process. So learning about static analysis is an important step in writing quality code. Be aware that static code analysis—also known as "white-box" testing—should not be seen as a replacement for unit testing of your source code.

In this tutorial, we're going to learn about some popular static analysis tools that are available for Android and Java. But first, let's see some of the benefits of using static analysis.

Benefits

Helps detect potential bugs that even unit or manual testing might have missed.

Defines project-specific rules. For example, static analysis as part of the build chain helps newcomers get up to speed with the code standards of their new team.

Helps you improve your knowledge of a new language.

Scans your whole project, including files that you might not have ever read.

Setup

All the code analysis tools we'll learn about in this tutorial are available as Gradle plugins, so we can create individual Gradle tasks for each of them. Let's use a single Gradle file that will include them all. But before that, let's create a folder that will contain all of our files for the static code analysis.

Open Android Studio and inside the app module (in Project view), create a new folder and name it code_quality_tools. This folder will contain the XML files for the code analysis tools, and it will also have a Gradle file, quality.gradle, which will run our static analysis tasks.

Finally, visit your build.gradle in the app module folder and include this line at the end of the file:

apply from: '/code_quality_tools/quality.gradle'

Here, our quality.gradle Gradle script is being applied with a reference to its local file location.

Checkstyle

Given rules you specify in an XML file to enforce a coding standard for your project, Checkstyle enforces those rules by analysing your source code and compares them against known coding standards or conventions.

Checkstyle is an open-source tool that is actively maintained by the community. This means you can create your own custom checks or modify existing ones to suit your needs. For example, Checkstyle can run a check on the constant names (final, static, or both) in your classes. If your constant names do not stick to a rule of being in uppercase with words separated by an underscore, the problem will be flagged in the final report.

// incorrect private final static String myConstant = "myConstant"; // correct private final static String MY_CONSTANT = "myConstant";

Integrating Checkstyle

I'll show you how to integrate Checkstyle into our Android Studio project and demonstrate a practical example.

First, we need to create our coding rules. Inside checkstyle.xml, we create some Checkstyle configuration rules that will be run against our code.

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC "-//Puppy Crawl//DTD Check Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://j.mp/2qWbBq4;> <module name="Checker"> <module name="FileTabCharacter"/> <module name="TreeWalker">   <module name="MethodName"/> <module name="ConstantName"/>    <module name="ParameterNumber"> <property name="max" value="6"/> </module>  </module>

In the above code, we include the rules or checks we want Checkstyle to validate in our source code. One rule is AvoidStarImport which, as the name says, checks if your source code included an import statement like java.util.*. (Instead, you should explicitly specify the package to import, e.g. java.util.Observable.)

Some rules have properties, which we can set just like we did for ParameterNumber—this limits the number of parameters of a method or constructor. By default, the property max is 7, but we changed it to 6 instead. Take a look at some of the other checks on the Checkstyle website.

To run this check, we need to create a Gradle task. So visit the quality.gradle file and create a task called checkstyle:

apply plugin: 'checkstyle' task checkstyle(type: Checkstyle) { description 'Check code standard' group 'verification' configFile file('./code_quality_tools/checkstyle.xml') source 'src' include '**/*.java' exclude '**/gen/**' classpath = files() ignoreFailures = false }

Notice that in the code above, we first applied the Checkstyle Gradle plugin. We gave it a description and added it to an already predefined Gradle group called verification.

The key properties of the Checkstyle Gradle task we are concerned with are:

configFile: the Checkstyle configuration file to use.

IgnoreFailures: whether or not to allow the build to continue if there are warnings.

include: the set of include patterns.

exclude: the set of exclude patterns. In this case, we don't scan generated classes.

Finally, you can run the Gradle script by visiting the Gradle tool window on Android Studio, opening the verification group, and then clicking on checkstyle to run the task.

Another way is to use the command line:

gradle checkstyle

After the task has finished running, a report will be generated, which is available at app module > build > reports > checkstyle. You can open checkstyle.html to view the report.

A Checkstyle plugin is freely available for Android Studio or IntelliJ IDEA. It offers real-time scanning of your Java files.

PMD

PMD is another open-source code analysis tool that analyzes your source code. It finds common flaws like unused variables, empty catch blocks, unnecessary object creation and so on. PMD has many rule sets you can choose from. An example of a rule which is part of the Design Rules set is:

SimplifyBooleanExpressions: avoid unnecessary comparisons in boolean expressions which complicate simple code. An example:

public class Bar { // can be simplified to // bar = isFoo(); private boolean bar = (isFoo() == true); public isFoo() { return false;} }

PMD is configured with the pmd.xml file. Inside it, we'll include some configuration rules such as the ones for Android, Naming, and Design.

<?xml version="1.0"?> <ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://j.mp/2qW1vWw; name="Android Application Rules" xmlns="http://j.mp/2rFGLPC; xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://j.mp/2qWbBGA; xsi:schemaLocation="http://j.mp/2rFlLZt http://j.mp/2qWbBGA;> <description>Custom ruleset for Android application</description> <exclude-pattern>.*/R.java</exclude-pattern> <exclude-pattern>.*/gen/.*</exclude-pattern>   <rule ref="rulesets/java/android.xml"/>   <rule ref="rulesets/java/design.xml"> <exclude name="UncommentedEmptyMethod"/> </rule>   <rule ref="rulesets/java/http://j.mp/2qWgHCZ;> <properties> <property name="minimum" value="3"/> </properties> </rule>  </ruleset>

As we did for Checkstyle, we also need to create a PMD Gradle task for the check to be executed inside the quality.gradle file.

apply plugin: 'pmd' task pmd(type: Pmd) { description 'Run PMD' group 'verification' ruleSetFiles = files("./code_quality_tools/pmd.xml") source 'src' include '**/*.java' exclude '**/gen/**' reports { xml.enabled = false html.enabled = true } ignoreFailures = false }

PMD is also available as a Gradle plugin.

The key properties of the task we've created are:

ruleSetFiles: The custom rule set files to be used.

source: The source for this task.

reports: The reports to be generated by this task.

Finally, you can run the Gradle script by visiting the Gradle tool window, opening the verification group folder, and then clicking on pmd to run the task. Or you can run it via the command line:

gradle pmd

A report will also be generated after the execution of the task which is available at app module > build > reports > pmd. There is also a PMD plugin available for IntelliJ or Android Studio for you to download and integrate if you want.

FindBugs

FindBugs is another free static analysis tool which analyses your class looking for potential problems by checking your bytecodes against a known list of bug patterns. Some of them are:

Class defines hashCode() but not equals(): A class implements the hashCode() method but not equals()—therefore two instances might be equal but not have the same hash codes. This falls under the bad practice category.

Bad comparison of int value with long constant: The code is comparing an int value with a long constant that is outside the range of values that can be represented as an int value. This comparison is vacuous and possibly will yield an unexpected result. This falls under the correctness category.

TestCase has no tests: class is a JUnit TestCase but has not implemented any test methods. This pattern is also under the correctness category.

FindBugs is an open-source project, so you can view, contribute or monitor the progress of the source code on GitHub.

In the findbugs-exclude.xml file, we want to prevent FindBugs from scanning some classes (using regular expressions) in our projects, such as auto-generated resource classes and auto-generated manifest classes. Also, if you use Dagger, we want FindBugs not to check the generated Dagger classes. We can also tell FindBugs to ignore some rules if we want.

And finally, we'll include the findbugs task in quality.gradle:

apply plugin: 'findbugs' task findbugs(type: FindBugs) { description 'Run findbugs' group 'verification' classes = files("$project.buildDir/intermediates/classes") source 'src' classpath = files() effort 'max' reportLevel = "high" excludeFilter file('./code_quality_tools/findbugs-exclude.xml') reports { xml.enabled = false html.enabled = true } ignoreFailures = false }

In the first line above, we applied FindBugs as a Gradle Plugin and then created a task called findbugs. The key properties of the findbugs task we are really concerned with are:

classes: the classes to be analyzed.

effort: the analysis effort level. The value specified should be one of min, default, or max. Be aware that higher levels increase precision and find more bugs at the cost of running time and memory consumption.

reportLevel: the priority threshold for reporting bugs. If set to low, all bugs are reported. If set to medium (the default), medium and high priority bugs are reported. If set to high, only high priority bugs are reported.

excludeFilter: the filename of a filter specifying bugs to exclude from being reported, which we have created already.

You can then run the Gradle script by visiting the Gradle tool window, opening the verification group folder, and then clicking on findbugs to run the task. Or launch it from the command line:

gradle findbugs

A report will also be generated when the task has finished executing. This will be available at app module > build > reports > findbugs. The FindBugs plugin is another freely available plugin for download and integration with either IntelliJ IDEA or Android Studio.

Android Lint

Lint is another code analysis tool, but this one comes with Android Studio by default. It checks your Android project source files for potential bugs and optimizations for correctness, security, performance, usability, accessibility, and internationalization.

To configure Lint, you have to include the lintOptions {} block in your module-level build.gradle file:

lintOptions { abortOnError false quiet true lintConfig file('./code_quality_tools/lint.xml') }

The key Lint options we are concerned with are:

abortOnError: whether lint should set the exit code of the process if errors are found.

quiet: whether to turn off analysis progress reporting.

lintConfig: the default configuration file to use.

Your lint.xml file can include issues you want Lint to ignore or modify, such as the example below:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <lint>  <issue id="IconMissingDensityFolder" severity="ignore" />  <issue id="HardcodedText" severity="error" /> </lint>

You can run Lint manually from Android Studio by clicking on the Analyze menu, choosing Inspect Code... (the inspection scope is the whole project), and then clicking on the OK button to proceed.

You can also run Lint by visiting the Gradle tool window, opening the verification group, and then clicking on lint. Finally, you can run it via the command line.

On Windows:

gradlew lint

On Linux or Mac:

./gradlew lint

A report will also be generated when the task has finished executing, which is available at app module > build > outputs > lint-results.html.

Bonus: StrictMode

StrictMode is a developer tool that helps prevent developers of your project doing any accidental flash I/O or network I/O on the main thread, because this can lead to the app being sluggish or unresponsive. It also helps in preventing ANR (App Not Responding) dialogs from showing up. With StrictMode issues corrected, your app will become more responsive and the user will enjoy a smoother experience. StrictMode uses two sets of policies to enforce its rules:

VM Policies: guards against bad coding practices such as not closing SQLiteCursor objects or any Closeable object that was created.

Thread Policies: looks out for operations such as flash I/O and network I/O being performed on the main application thread instead of on a background thread.

if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) { StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder() .detectDiskReads() .detectDiskWrites() .detectNetwork() // or .detectAll() for all detectable problems .penaltyLog() // Log detected violations to the system log. .build()); StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder() .detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects() .detectLeakedClosableObjects() .penaltyLog() .penaltyDeath() // Crashes the whole process on violation. .build()); }

The code above can be either in your Application, Activity, or other application component's onCreate() method.

You can learn more about StrictMode here on Envato Tuts+.

Android SDK

Android Best Practices: StrictMode

Shane Conder & Lauren Darcey

A sample Android project implementing all of the above including rule sets of the tools for a typical Android project can be found in this post's GitHub repo.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned about how to ensure high-quality Android code using static code analysis tools: what they are, benefits of using them, and how to use Checkstyle, FindBugs, Lint, PMD, and StrictMode in your application. Go ahead and give these tools a try—you might discover some problems in your code that you never expected.

In the meantime, check out some of our other courses and tutorials on Android app development!

Android SDK

RxJava 2 for Android Apps: RxBinding and RxLifecycle

Jessica Thornsby

Android Studio

Coding Functional Android Apps in Kotlin: Getting Started

Jessica Thornsby

Android SDK

Android From Scratch: Using REST APIs

Ashraff Hathibelagal

Android SDK

How to Create an Android Chat App Using Firebase

Ashraff Hathibelagal

http://j.mp/2rFwyTg via Nettuts+ URL : http://j.mp/2etecmc

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codeholder-blog1 · 8 years ago

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Ensure High-Quality Android Code With Static Analysis Tools

New item has been added on CodeHolder.net https://codeholder.net/code/ensure-high-quality-android-code-static-analysis-tools

#Android #Android SDK #Android Studio #Mobile Development #Testing

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lewiskdavid90 · 8 years ago

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80% off #Jenkins Bootcamp: Fully Automate Builds Through Deployment – $10

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knoldus · 7 years ago

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First, There was Waterfall model, software builds took a long time to develop and then deployment alone was time-consuming. Now, Agile, revolutionizing the way we follow the development cycle making it faster, deliverables have the same quality and they are delivered much faster.

Bang! and Now we have Dev Ops.. Where the Agile methodology releases build annually, quarterly or monthly, Dev Ops speed up the delivery to weeks, days or daily. It is obvious that speed is dangerous but then what’s the point of making a Lamborghini and then selling it at such a high price.

So the steps are simple. You write code. You push the code to Version Control System like git. The build is tested. The build is deployed. The application is Live. Easy to write, both, the previous lines and the upcoming ones.

Jenkins is that software which allows you to configure your Continous Integration/ Continous Deployment. The ease, it provides is, can only be felt when done. Jenkins allows us to specify a CD pipeline which we discussed in my last post. Before you read further, feel free to go back.

Deployment part will be done through Docker. Now before you bite your fingers just bear with me and witness the ease.

Pre-Requisites

A Java-based Project because We’ll use maven.(Fork the git repo)

Basics of pipeline syntax.

CI/CD

Docker

Process

The summary of CI/CD lifecycle is this

plan -> code -> build -> test -> release -> deploy -> operate -> monitor

Considering that our project is ready and has test suite ready to run we can then do the CI/CD stages with the help of Jenkins. We are now aware of the Jenkins pipelines and the basic syntax.

Here we are going to create a Jenkins file and commit it to our project. It is recommended that you cut a branch of your project to do this step. To learn how to do that, here you go.

Step 1: Creating a jenkinsfile.

CI is:

blend works of different developers into one repo.

used to detect early bugs.

increases dev collaboration, gives tight cohesion.

Standing in your project directory hit the following command from your command prompt. >gedit jenkinsfile

we will specify the agent where the build is to be deployed

agent { docker{ image 'maven:3-alpine' args '-v /root/.m2:/root/.m2' } }

here we specify docker as the agent, usually, we put the name of any remote node or for starters we just specified any with agent i.e agent any the idea is to run the build with the help of maven image as specified in image option of docker

One more important point to note is args option provided in the docker option. args allows us to specify external arguments we will use it cache the ~/.m2 directory, this is advantageous because then dependencies will not be download for every build.

Step 2: Add maven-jar-plugin to pom.xml

We need the jar plugin in order to develop the jar file of the project we are working on. This jar file will then be executed on the docker container.

You have to add the following dependency in the section of the pom.xml :

<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>> <version>3.0.2</version> </dependency>

and add the following content in the section in the pom.xml of your project to specify the file containing the main method of the project:

<plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> <configuration> <archive> <manifest> <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix> <mainClass>edu.knoldus.model.Application</mainClass> </manifest> </archive> </configuration> </plugin>

Step 4: Adding steps to complete the CD steps

CD is:

extends CI

allows easy and confident deployments at any time

centered around CD pipeline.

Now we will define the stages section of the Jenkins file to define all the steps build must go through before it gets deployed. We will put the maven commands using sh of jenkinsfile as we do on the local terminal or IDE terminals.

Let’s initialize the project with maven environment which will help in deployment and building the jar file:

stage('build'){ steps{ sh 'mvn -B -DskipTests clean package' } }

Now we will look for checkstyle warnings: stage('checkstyle'){ steps{ sh 'mvn checkstyle:checkstyle' } }

let’s execute some test cases and store the reports also:

stage('test'){ steps{ sh 'mvn test' } post{ always{ junit 'target/surefire-reports/*.xml' } } }

Jenkins provides the junit step for the putting the test results in a file under the specified directory. post signifies the steps in this section will be executed after the steps of the stage are executed. always section executes whatever steps you will write there no matter what.

Step 5: Let’s deliver the project

We are going to create a script file for this because:

More manageability

Clean and concise jenkinsfile.

to deliver the project we will execute the jar file. We will create deliver.sh script file and add the following content.

set -x mvn jar:jar install:install help:evaluate -Dexpression=project.name set +x set -x NAME=`mvn help:evaluate -Dexpression=project.name | grep "^[^\[]"` set +x set -x VERSION=`mvn help:evaluate -Dexpression=project.version | grep "^[^\[]"` set +x set -x java -jar target/${NAME}-${VERSION}.jar

set -x & set +x are used to turn off the redundant info to be printed on the console, they are related to the Jenkins environment. You can remove them to convince yourself.

The first thing which we are doing is creating the jar and then installing the jar in the container for execution later. NAME variable contains the project name. VERSION contains the version of your build.

The last statement is executing the jar.

Now we will just have to put the reference to this script in the deliver section of jenkinsfile as follows:

stage('Deliver') { steps { sh './scripts/deliver.sh' } }

Cheers. GitHub:Fork This Repo

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knoldus · 7 years ago

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Jenkins came with a big bang. That said, it enhanced the whole process of continuous integration & continuous deployment.

The challenge that a dev faces is to deliver the most updated and safe code to the customer. The advent of CD(continuous deployment) pipeline automates expression of the process to get the software from the version control system directly to the user.

This expression, which does it so fluently as we speak, is what a Jenkins file constitutes.

Introduction

Jenkins is an open source automation server written in Java. Jenkins helps to automate the non-human part of the software development process, with continuous integration and facilitating technical aspects of continuous delivery.

So the next part is about how we can achieve that.

Pipelines

Jenkins Pipeline is a suite of plugins which supports implementing and integrating continuous delivery pipelines into Jenkins.

Plugins have been released for Jenkins that extend its use to projects written in languages other than Java. Plugins are available for integrating Jenkins with most version control systems and bug databases. Many build tools are supported via their respective plugins. Builds can generate test reports in various formats supported by plugins (JUnit support is currently bundled) and Jenkins can display the reports and generate trends and render them in the GUI.

A CD pipeline: automates expression of getting the software from VCS(git). contains stages of continuous delivery from which the software must go through before the user handles it. are extensible by tools for modeling simple-to-complex delivery pipelines.

The Jenkinsfile

A simple text file containing the definition of the pipeline. This jenkinsfile can be committed to the project’s source. It is advantageous because it allows for the following advantages:

automatically creates a pipeline for each branch and PR(pull request).

code review of the pipeline can be done.

can be viewed and edited by other users also.

Flavors of jenkinsfile

Jenkinsfile can be defined in 2 different ways. First, which is the oldest way and quite popular in the community, is the Scripted Pipeline syntax. The other, which is the new ‘hot stepper’ in the field and has an edge over the former, is the Declarative pipeline.

Though the syntax of both the flavors doesn’t differ from each other the Declarative pipeline is made to make writing and reading the pipeline code much easier.

Before we dig into the practicality of pipelines let’s see why they are needed in the first place. There are 5 points by which we can understand the need:

CODE: the pipeline becomes the part of the project source, therefore, can be viewed, reviewed and changed as per the need.

DURABLE: pipeline executes whenever there is a new commit message in the project source, hence allowing it to survive both planned and unplanned starts.

PAUSABLE: pipelines can also wait for human interaction and plan the task accordingly.

VERSATILE: pipelines can also perform work in parallel and can implement the real-world CD requirements easily.

EXTENSIBLE: supports plugins which make even the Jenkins GUI better.

Now that we know the need of pipeline. Let’s see how it is made.

pipeline { agent any stages { stage('Build') { steps { // } } stage('Test') { steps { // } } stage('Deploy') { steps { // } } } }

Let’s take a look at the various elements of the pipeline defined above. Sections of the declarative pipeline:

agent: section specifies where the entire Pipeline, or a specific stage, will execute in the Jenkins environment. Agent option can be specified for each stage.

values: any: executing the pipeline on any available agent. This tag has more meaning when we consider the situation where we have several instances.

stages: This section specifies the stages from which the software needs to pass through before the user gets to use it.

stage: This section is the subsection of the Stages section. Each section must have the which denotes the name of the process, in case it fails.

There goes the introduction. Let’s move towards creating jenkinsfile for our own repository. Here to demonstrate I have a java project which consists of classes and test cases with integrated stylesheet by which we can check the syntactical mistakes.

Since we are going to put the jenkinsfile directly to the source. If you don’t have the repository locally, please clone your repo first.

Process

Step: 1 Create A jenkinsfile.

Open the terminal in your java project folder and hit this command:

>gedit jenkinsfile

>vi jenkinsfile

Although there are a lot of editors which will help you in creating the jenkinsfile, for now, you can use your text editor. Jenkinsfile uses the groovy notation but it isn’t necessary to have an understanding of the syntax. This file can also be created by IntelliJ while you develop your project. Let’s put the following content in the jenkinsfile:

pipeline{ stages{ stage('checkstyle'){ // } stage('run test cases'){ // } } }

Now that we have created a backbone of our jenkinsfile by defining the stages. Now we need to insert content inside these stages to carry out just what it says.

Now we need to insert tools section. Tools section defining tools to auto-install and put to PATH. This is ignored if agent none is specified. PATH contains the name of the directory within Jenkins.

We require two tools. First is Maven to execute checkstyle and test and Second is Java Development Kit version 8. But before putting this information in our jenkinsfile. We need to add these tools to Jenkins.

Step: 2 Adding the tools to Jenkins.

Go to Managing Jenkins -> Global Tool Configurations.

To add JDK: Click on Add JDK button. Put the name as ‘jdk8’. Click on install automatically. Select the Java version 8 and check I agree. Click on the username and password and put in the credentials of your Jenkins account.

To add Maven: Same procedure as above. Put the name as ‘Maven 3.3.9’ and also select the same version.

After we’re done with this we can now use them easily.

Step 3: Adding the tool section in jenkinsfile.

... tools { maven 'Maven 3.3.9' jdk 'jdk8' } ...

Now we will update the stages with the appropriate commands.

For the checkstyle stage, we will put in something like this.

steps{ sh 'mvn checkstyle:checkstyle' }

sh here resembles the command prompt, we only need to specify the command as we do on our local console. Similarly, the testing stage can be updated with an appropriate command.

Step 4: Commit the jenkinsfile to your Github repository.

Step 5: Creating the item and build.

Go to the Dashboard. Click on New Item. Put in the name of the Pipeline project. Click OK. Click on the Pipeline panel. On the definitions select Pipeline script from SCM Select SCM as git. On the Repositories section. Put your GitHub URL at repository URL. Script Path must contain the location of your jenkinsfile in the repository. Do not use the path from your local machine. Click on apply and save. For building, Click on Build Now and wait for a while.

Output

You will have the following output which will depict the stages.

Understanding the process

Declarative steps are done prior to executing user-specified step. In these steps, the first task to be done is to pull the repository to Jenkins and then tools are installed accordingly as specified by the user. Installation of tools may take some time if done for the first time.

I hope you find the blog helpful.

Example Repository

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