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[public-insecurities]

Homework 2-5: Type 1 and Type 2 Errors

Quick note....

How interesting that this comes back to haunt me 2 years later. However, I learnt Type 1 and Type 2 Errors in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

What are you talking about?

Well, in diagnostics, specificity refers to the probability that a test is negative, given that the disease is not present. That is, you predict it's not there and it isn't.

Sensitivity refers to the probability that a test is positive, given that the disease is present. That is, you predict it's there and it is there.

So how does this link to Type 1 and Type 2 Errors?

Type 1 and Type 2 errors occur when your initial hypothesis is incorrect.

A Type 1 error occurs when the test is positive, when it should be negative. In other words, a Type 1 error is a false positive.

Specificity = 1 - P(Type 1)

On the other hand, a Type 2 error occurs when the test is negative when it should be positive. That is, a Type 2 error is a false negative.

Sensitivity = 1 - P(Type 2)

Here's a nice summary of what's happening without all the statistics terminology (which all you Computer Engineers, Software Engineers and Electrical Engineers need to know about in Maths2B :) )

How does this relate to security?

Well, there is a balance between specificity and sensitivity that needs to be made. Type 1 and Type 2 errors have an inverse relationship. A decrease in Type 1 errors means that there's an increase in Type 2 errors. So, as engineers, we need to figure out what we prioritise to ensure that our system is as safe as it can possibly be.

And that is all! Hope people reading this learn something new about Type 1 and Type 2 errors and what they mean in the world of diagnostics :)

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