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blackkudos · 4 years

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A. Philip Randolph

Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was an American labor unionist, civil rights activist, and socialist politician.

In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly African-American labor union. In the early Civil Rights Movement and the Labor Movement, Randolph was a voice that would not be silenced. His continuous agitation with the support of fellow labor rights activists against unfair labor practices in relation to people of color eventually led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 in 1941, banning discrimination in the defense industries during World War II. The group then successfully pressured President Harry S. Truman to issue Executive Order 9981 in 1948, ending segregation in the armed services.

In 1963, Randolph was the head of the March on Washington, which was organized by Bayard Rustin, at which Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I Have A Dream" speech. Randolph inspired the "Freedom Budget", sometimes called the "Randolph Freedom budget", which aimed to deal with the economic problems facing the black community, it was published by the Randolph Institute in January 1967 as "A Freedom Budget for All Americans".

Early life and education

Randolph was born April 15, 1889, in Crescent City, Florida, the second son of the Rev. James William Randolph, a tailor and minister in an African Methodist Episcopal Church, and Elizabeth Robinson Randolph, a skilled seamstress. In 1891, the family moved to Jacksonville, Florida, which had a thriving, well-established African-American community.

From his father, Randolph learned that color was less important than a person's character and conduct. From his mother, he learned the importance of education and of defending oneself physically against those who would seek to hurt one or one's family, if necessary. Randolph remembered vividly the night his mother sat in the front room of their house with a loaded shotgun across her lap, while his father tucked a pistol under his coat and went off to prevent a mob from lynching a man at the local county jail.

Asa and his brother, James, were superior students. They attended the Cookman Institute in East Jacksonville, the only academic high school in Florida for African Americans. Asa excelled in literature, drama, and public speaking; he also starred on the school's baseball team, sang solos with the school choir, and was valedictorian of the 1907 graduating class.

After graduation, Randolph worked odd jobs and devoted his time to singing, acting, and reading. Reading W. E. B. Du Bois' The Souls of Black Folk convinced him that the fight for social equality was most important. Barred by discrimination from all but manual jobs in the South, Randolph moved to New York City in 1911, where he worked at odd jobs and took social sciences courses at City College.

Marriage and family

In 1913 Randolph courted and married Mrs. Lucille Campbell Green, a widow, Howard University graduate, and entrepreneur who shared his socialist politics. She earned enough money to support them both. The couple had no children.

Early career

Shortly after Randolph's marriage, he helped organize the Shakespearean Society in Harlem. With them he played the roles of Hamlet, Othello, and Romeo, among others. Randolph aimed to become an actor but gave up after failing to win his parents' approval.

In New York, Randolph became familiar with socialism and the ideologies espoused by the Industrial Workers of the World. He met Columbia University Law student Chandler Owen, and the two developed a synthesis of Marxist economics and the sociological ideas of Lester Frank Ward, arguing that people could only be free if not subject to economic deprivation. At this point, Randolph developed what would become his distinctive form of civil rights activism, which emphasized the importance of collective action as a way for black people to gain legal and economic equality. To this end, he and Owen opened an employment office in Harlem to provide job training for southern migrants and encourage them to join trade unions.

Like others in the labor movement, Randolph favored immigration restriction. He opposed African Americans' having to compete with people willing to work for low wages. Unlike other immigration restrictionists, however, he rejected the notions of racial hierarchy that became popular in the 1920s.

In 1917, Randolph and Chandler Owen founded The Messenger with the help of the Socialist Party of America. It was a radical monthly magazine, which campaigned against lynching, opposed U.S. participation in World War I, urged African Americans to resist being drafted, to fight for an integrated society, and urged them to join radical unions. The Department of Justice called The Messenger "the most able and the most dangerous of all the Negro publications." When The Messenger began publishing the work of black poets and authors, a critic called it "one of the most brilliantly edited magazines in the history of Negro journalism."

Soon thereafter, however, the editorial staff of The Messenger became divided by three issues – the growing rift between West Indian and African Americans, support for the Bolshevik revolution, and support for Marcus Garvey's Back-to-Africa movement. In 1919, most West Indian radicals joined the new Communist Party, while African-American leftists – Randolph included – mostly supported the Socialist Party. The infighting left The Messenger short of financial support, and it went into decline.

Randolph ran on the Socialist Party ticket for New York State Comptroller in 1920, and for Secretary of State of New York in 1922, unsuccessfully.

Union organizer

Randolph's first experience with labor organization came in 1917, when he organized a union of elevator operators in New York City. In 1919 he became president of the National Brotherhood of Workers of America, a union which organized among African-American shipyard and dock workers in the Tidewater region of Virginia. The union dissolved in 1921, under pressure from the American Federation of Labor.

His greatest success came with the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, who elected him President in 1925. This was the first serious effort to form a labor institution for employees of the Pullman Company, which was a major employer of African Americans. The railroads had expanded dramatically in the early 20th century, and the jobs offered relatively good employment at a time of widespread racial discrimination. Because porters were not unionized, however, most suffered poor working conditions and were underpaid.

Under Randolph's direction, the BSCP managed to enroll 51 percent of porters within a year, to which Pullman responded with violence and firings. In 1928, after failing to win mediation under the Watson-Parker Railway Labor Act, Randolph planned a strike. This was postponed after rumors circulated that Pullman had 5,000 replacement workers ready to take the place of BSCP members. As a result of its perceived ineffectiveness membership of the union declined; by 1933 it had only 658 members and electricity and telephone service at headquarters had been disconnected because of nonpayment of bills.

Fortunes of the BSCP changed with the election of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932. With amendments to the Railway Labor Act in 1934, porters were granted rights under federal law. Membership in the Brotherhood jumped to more than 7,000. After years of bitter struggle, the Pullman Company finally began to negotiate with the Brotherhood in 1935, and agreed to a contract with them in 1937. Employees gained $2,000,000 in pay increases, a shorter workweek, and overtime pay. Randolph maintained the Brotherhood's affiliation with the American Federation of Labor through the 1955 AFL-CIO merger.

Civil rights leader

Through his success with the BSCP, Randolph emerged as one of the most visible spokespeople for African-American civil rights. In 1941, he, Bayard Rustin, and A. J. Muste proposed a march on Washington to protest racial discrimination in war industries, an end to segregation, access to defense employment, the proposal of an anti-lynching law and of the desegregation of the American Armed forces. Randolph's belief in the power of peaceful direct action was inspired partly by Mahatma Gandhi's success in using such tactics against British occupation in India. Randolph threatened to have 50,000 blacks march on the city; it was cancelled after President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, or the Fair Employment Act. Some activists, including Rustin, felt betrayed because Roosevelt's order applied only to banning discrimination within war industries and not the armed forces. Nonetheless, the Fair Employment Act is generally considered an important early civil rights victory.

And the movement continued to gain momentum. In 1942, an estimated 18,000 blacks gathered at Madison Square Garden to hear Randolph kick off a campaign against discrimination in the military, in war industries, in government agencies, and in labor unions. Following passage of the Act, during the Philadelphia transit strike of 1944, the government backed African-American workers' striking to gain positions formerly limited to white employees.

Buoyed by these successes, Randolph and other activists continued to press for the rights of African Americans. In 1947, Randolph, along with colleague Grant Reynolds, renewed efforts to end discrimination in the armed services, forming the Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service, later renamed the League for Non-Violent Civil disobedience. When President Truman asked Congress for a peacetime draft law, Randolph urged young black men to refuse to register. Since Truman was vulnerable to defeat in 1948 and needed the support of the growing black population in northern states, he eventually capitulated. On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman abolished racial segregation in the armed forces through Executive Order 9981.

In 1950, along with Roy Wilkins, Executive Secretary of the NAACP, and, Arnold Aronson, a leader of the National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council, Randolph founded the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR). LCCR has been a major civil rights coalition. It coordinated a national legislative campaign on behalf of every major civil rights law since 1957.

Randolph and Rustin also formed an important alliance with Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1957, when schools in the south resisted school integration following Brown v. Board of Education, Randolph organized the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom with Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1958 and 1959, Randolph organized Youth Marches for Integrated Schools in Washington, DC. At the same time, he arranged for Rustin to teach King how to organize peaceful demonstrations in Alabama and to form alliances with progressive whites. The protests directed by James Bevel in cities such as Birmingham and Montgomery provoked a violent backlash by police and the local Ku Klux Klan throughout the summer of 1963, which was captured on television and broadcast throughout the nation and the world. Rustin later remarked that Birmingham "was one of television's finest hours. Evening after evening, television brought into the living-rooms of America the violence, brutality, stupidity, and ugliness of {police commissioner} Eugene "Bull" Connor's effort to maintain racial segregation." Partly as a result of the violent spectacle in Birmingham, which was becoming an international embarrassment, the Kennedy administration drafted civil rights legislation aimed at ending Jim Crow once and for all.

Randolph finally realized his vision for a March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, which attracted between 200,000–300,000 to the nation's capital. The rally is often remembered as the high-point of the Civil Rights Movement, and it did help keep the issue in the public consciousness. However, when President Kennedy was assassinated three months later, Civil Rights legislation was stalled in the Senate. It was not until the following year, under President Lyndon B. Johnson, that the Civil Rights Act was finally passed. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act was passed. Although King and Bevel rightly deserve great credit for these legislative victories, the importance of Randolph's contributions to the Civil Rights Movement is large.

Religion

Randolph avoided speaking publicly about his religious beliefs to avoid alienating his diverse constituencies. Though he is sometimes identified as an atheist, particularly by his detractors, Randolph identified with the African Methodist Episcopal Church he was raised in. He pioneered the use of prayer protests, which became a key tactic of the civil rights movement. In 1973, he signed the Humanist Manifesto II.

Death

Randolph died in his Manhattan apartment on May 16, 1979. For several years prior to his death, he had a heart condition and high blood pressure. He had no known living relatives, as his wife had died in 1963, before the March on Washington.

Awards and accolades

In 1942, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded Randolph the Spingarn Medal.

In 1953, the IBPOEW (Black Elks) awarded him their Elijah P. Lovejoy Medal, given "to that American who shall have worked most successfully to advance the cause of human rights, and for the freedom of Negro people."

On September 14, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented Randolph with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

In 1967 awarded the Eugene V. Debs Award

In 1967 awarded the Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award. It was named after a 1963 encyclical letter by Pope John XXIII that calls upon all people of good will to secure peace among all nations.

Named Humanist of the Year in 1970 by the American Humanist Association.

Named to the Florida Civil Rights Hall of Fame in January 2014.

Legacy

Randolph had a significant impact on the Civil Rights Movement from the 1930s onward. The Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama was directed by E.D. Nixon, who had been a member of the BSCP and was influenced by Randolph's methods of nonviolent confrontation. Nationwide, the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s used tactics pioneered by Randolph, such as encouraging African Americans to vote as a bloc, mass voter registration, and training activists for nonviolent direct action.

In buildings, streets, and trains

Amtrak named one of their best sleeping cars, Superliner II Deluxe Sleeper 32503, the "A. Philip Randolph" in his honor.

A. Philip Randolph Academies of Technology, in Jacksonville, FL, is named in his honor.

A. Phillip Randolph Boulevard in Jacksonville, Florida, formerly named Florida Avenue, was renamed in A. Phillip Randolph's honor. It is located on Jacksonville's east side, near EverBank Field.

A. Philip Randolph Campus High School (New York City High School 540), located on the City College of New York campus, is named in honor of Randolph. The school serves students predominantly from Harlem and surrounding neighborhoods.

The A. Philip Randolph Career Academy in Philadelphia, Pa was named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Career and Technician Center in Detroit, MI is named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Institute is named in his honor.

PS 76 A. Philip Randolph in New York City, NY is named in his honor

A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum is in Chicago's Pullman Historic District.

Edward Waters College in Jacksonville, Florida houses a permanent exhibit on the life and accomplishments of A. Philip Randolph.

Randolph Street, in Crescent City, Florida, was dedicated to him.

A. Philip Randolph Library, at Borough of Manhattan Community College

A. Philip Randolph Square park in Central Harlem was renamed to honor A. Philip Randolph in 1964 by the City Council, under a local law introduced by Council Member J. Raymond Jones and signed by Mayor John V. Lindsay. In 1981, a group of loosely organized residents began acting as stewards of the park, during the dark days of abandonment and disinvestment in Central Harlem. By 2010 that group, now the Friends of A. Philip Randolph Square--founded by Gregory C. Baggett, who named longterm residents Ms. Gloria Wright; Ms. Ivy Walker; and Mr. Cleveland Manley, as Trustee of the park--would be formally incorporated to provide better stewardship and programming at a time when the neighborhood would be undergoing rapid growth and diversification. In 2018, the Friends of A. Philip Randolph Square would further expand the scope of its work beyond stewardship over the park to prepare a major revitalization plan "to improve conditions in the park and the neighborhood around the park" operating under a new entity, the A. Philip Randolph Neighborhood Development Alliance that seeks to obtain broad neighborhood and community representation for its revitalization plan based on building the personal and collective assets within the neighborhood.

Arts, entertainment, and media

+ 1994 Documentary A. Philip Randolph: For Jobs and Freedom, PBS

In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed A. Philip Randolph on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.

The story of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was made into the 2002 Robert Townsend film 10,000 Black Men Named George starring Andre Braugher as A. Philip Randolph. The title refers to the demeaning custom of the time when Pullman porters, all of whom were black, were just addressed as "George".

A statue of A. Philip Randolph was erected in his honor in the concourse of Union Station in Washington, D.C..

In 1986 a nine-foot bronze statue of Randolph by Tina Allen was erected in Boston's Back Bay commuter train station.

On February 3, 1989, the United States Postal Service issued a 25-cent postage stamp in Randolph's honor.

Other

James L. Farmer, Jr., co-founder of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), cited Randolph as one of his primary influences as a Civil Rights leader.

Randolph is a member of the Labor Hall of Fame.

#04/15 #05/16

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brahmachari-girish-ji-blog · 4 years

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Learning from Time

The learning from Time should be taken on time, it is the guidance of veteran and learned men. It is literally true. The time of Corona has come, there has been an outcry in the whole world. The death toll has crossed two lakh, no one is sensing anything, the market of rumors is hot.

Till now we used to hear, ''as many things as number of mouths'' now are hearing ''thousands of things from every mouth''. Even in times of crisis, number of people does not have sense of wisdom. Frivolous politics is continuing, the blame is on the culmination, the useless people are accusing the sincere, the sincere and responsible leaders are troubled by their responsibilities and worries, there is no one to encourage and support them, they are kind of isolated, days and nights of planning and decision are falling short. It is said that time is very strong, the big Surmas of their time are not known today. In a song heard recently, it says that in their time, without their will or command, not even a single leaf of their kingdom was shaken, the Raja-Maharaja Chakravarti who use to build a grand memorial on the death of every member of their family, no one knows where their own funeral took place. We are discussing about Time here. Nobody could win from Time. It seems that time, history and nature are all very close relatives of a family. Whatever is happening, is happening by these three or in the cognizance of these three. By the way, the blame is given to Lord Brahma that everything is written by him. Opponents of Lord Vishnu are in a good number, everything is happening with his Maya, such blame is put on Lord Vishnu. The interesting thing is that neither Brahma nor Vishnu is seen, nor is there any effect seen on them of our words nor any response comes from them. Regarding nature, she does not leave without showing reaction. The Lord Krishna said in the Gita, ''Mayadhyekan Prakritihi, Suyate sa Characharam''. Lord Vishnu does nothing. He enjoys Yoganidra on the bed of Sheshnaga in the Ksheer Sagar and his nature in the entire world keeps shaping his work - with the Maya created by him.

Time can be considered innocent, as the leela of the Lord, he continues to perform the work. Yes, it might not be wrong to put him in the role of a teacher. Time only plays a big role in teaching. And Itihasa-History? It does not seem to have any special role in the formulation, implementation, education, planning of any of these areas. He simply keeps it on record when the work is done. Therefore, History is not worth blaming.

As it is thought about the role of Time, it is for sure that we learn a lot from Time. It conducts everyone's life remotely, it is not visible but leaves an indelible influence, does not tolerate anyone, does not forgive anyone,perhaps Dharmaraja- Yamraj and Chitragupta are close relatives of Time. It is definitely seen that nature nourishes the person who nurtures nature in his life. In the same way it is also certain that the one who is respectful to the Time, following it's rules, took it along with him, the Time was favourable for him, his days were auspicious, kept on teaching well, gave alertness, and finally kept giving salvation. It has always been an eternal truth, it is still today and it will be tomorrow also, because Time is most powerful. In today's situation,what Time is teaching us, let's take a little thought on this. In my view, Time is reminding one of life's greatest learning that life is fragile. No one knows when to go and for what reason. A small, invisible cause has taken the lives of more than 200,000 people in a short span of time and may take many more, no one knows how many. The top scientists of the world are researching day and night about its nature, structure, behavior, effect and antidote, it has been four months but it is still not possible to reach the final result. Everyone's hopes for life, longevity are eternal, but it is not right to be fascinated by it. Hope and imagination are right, but hope and imagination are real, it is not appropriate for the common man to believe, the matter of wise and perfect men is different.

Therefore, the first thing is to perform the duties of life in such a way that there is never anything pending. When the call comes, just go.

The second important thing is to always do good things in life. Everyone knows the consequences of bad deeds, a doubt always hides in the mind, having the record that one has done these bad deeds and do not know if there will be any time to rectify them. At the last moment of life, the accounts of one's own actions are revealed, but till then it is very late, then there is no opportunity to rectify, then one has to leave the world with that account only.

The third thing is to learn to audit your life in time. Who is closest to us in life, who is far away, who is the enemy and who is the hidden enemy, Time is the best teacher for all this. There has been a lockdown for the last one month, we are just compelled to stay in our homes. Everyone has their own requirements. Some need food, some need regular home supply, some want children's goods, some are craving for restaurant food, some have lost their job, some have lost business, some got stuck thousands of kilometers away from family, some have to postpone their marriage, some lost their close family member and could not attend the last rites. Many individuals, many institutions, governments have come forward to help. There is no scale to measure how much help is really being received. The greatest help we can give is peace of mind, consolation, strength. It is more valuable than all goods. But its lacking everywhere. Actually, at this time we learn who is receiving what and from whom.

During lockdown, everyone is provided opportunity to work from home. The government ordered that everyone should be given full salary. There is no account or record of work people doing at home. Many are not in touch and have not reported at all for the past one month. They are invisible like ''horns from donkey's head''. They did not even try to find out the status of their subordinates, colleagues, officers, or the situation of their organisation. Yes those who received Rs. 50 or 100 less in salary, they immediately contacted the Finance Department to find out the reason. This is the opportunity for us to correct the list of sincere/loyal and useless people. Who is responsible, who is dedicated and devoted or not concert at all for the organisation, this has been tested during this past one month. Time taught, the list is corrected for the future. The scores of the loyal and opportunists are changed in record. Apart from this, Time also taught a lot other things. Today a girl from our school said, ''Sir, it was forbidden to bring mobile phones to school by now, see today the whole school has come to mobile''. It is a fact. Till yesterday we wanted to keep children away from mobile, today the same medium has become the main medium for children's education. If anything is used properly for a good cause, then it proves to be a useful and helpful tool. Since last year, universities were not clear why UGC was trying to stop the distance education offering in large number of universities in India. Universities were being harassed by making new strange rules. All the universities which have prepared programmes for distance education in last several years after hard work and spending crores of rupees, all of them are compelled to just waste their efforts. Now see the how the Time has changes, now the same U.G.C. is singing the song of online education. Time has reminded us of Ashta Prakriti, rise from the ground and see the order of ego. The first prakrati starts from the earth, rises and at the end the mind,intellect goes full on the ego. When the nature of this ego changes from the nature of self-respect, to the nature of pride, when ''swa''-self is left out of it, then the human falls on the first prakrati-prathvi-earth. It should be understood. The balance of the Ashtaprakratees should be maintained,this will happen only when the basis of Ashtaprakrateesis in the 9th Prakrati- Para Prakrati, the transcendental field of prakrati. Otherwise the tree of life, like the tree without good roots or with damages roots, will be ruined at any time.

In addition, time also showed a change in relationships. Till now we use to look at the police with the image having a stick and a gun. Now the police are also seen cooking food, distributing food, raising young children in their lap and holding the hand of an old man or woman across the road, singing and dancing on the road in public interest and even facing attacks.

Charitable was the word of the dictionary for most people, now its experimental meaning is understood. Families with average economic status are also regularly providing food to some needy families. Some of my familiar physicians said that on normal days, they used to experience exhaustion on completing their working hours and use to come home. Now they work for 18 to 22 hours. The realization of responsibility has added unique energy to them. Now there is no more tiredness in working extra hours, they are always refreshed with satisfaction of service.

The teachers of my schools told me that they were not working on holidays earlier. But now they are working seven days of the week. How much more knowledge to give to their students so quickly, this is the only agenda they have. what's all this? This is all the teaching of Time. Apart from this, how should be the thoughts, how should be the behavior, how should be the speech, how to have a happy life in spite of limited resources, how to make extrovert mind introvert, how to generate infinite organizing power from the deep peaceful ocean of eternal knowledge, it is all the teaching of Time. Time has given the so much blessings through teaching in a short period on the pretext of Corona, for that let us give BIG THANKS to TIME, express our gratitude to Time.

Jai Guru Dev, Jai Maharishi Brahmachari Girish Chairman - Maharishi Group of Educational Institutions

#brahmchari girish chandra varma ji #Brahmachari Girish #Learning from Time #Role of Time #Time is very strong

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instantlightmakerhands · 4 years

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#2 movie summary

Two friends are searching for their long lost companion. They revisit their college days and recall the memories of their friend who inspired them to think differently, even as the rest of the world called them "idiots".

Farhan Qureshi and Raju Rastogi want to re-unite with their fellow collegian, Rancho, after faking a stroke aboard an Air India plane, and excusing himself from his wife - trouser less - respectively. Enroute, they encounter another student, Chatur Ramalingam, now a successful businessman, who reminds them of a bet they had undertaken 10 years ago. The trio, while recollecting hilarious antics, including their run-ins with the Dean of Delhi's Imperial College of Engineering, Viru Sahastrabudhe, race to locate Rancho, at his last known address - little knowing the secret that was kept from them all this time.

Racho is an engineering student. His two friends. Farhan and Raju, Racho sees the world in a different way. Racho goes somewhere one day. And his friends find him. When Racho is found, it becomes a one of a great scientist in the world.

3 Idiots is a Bollywood production that flashes back and forth between present day, and the characters' time in college. It starts off with old friends, Qureshi and Raju Rastogi learning that their college pal, Rancho, had finally been found. The movie follows their travels to find their long lost friend, while flashing back to the events of their school years, where they often got into amusing shenanigans involving the Dean of Delhi's Imperial College of Engineering, Viru Sahastrabudhe, and dealt with some serious events that many people encounter in every day life.

Farhan and Raju find from their biggest college rival Chatur that their missing friend Ranchoddas (Rancho) has been traced.The trio start their journey to find him where flashback revels Rancho,Raju and Farhan were engineering students and Rancho always believed that a person should be capable rather then being a bookworm and it will be way to success.He always got in tiff with Chatur and college director Viru Sahastrabuddhe (Virus) but fell in love with his daughter Pia.Things were going fine for them as they also cleared their first year exams in present day they reach house of Rancho where they find his father has passed away and the person who claims to be Rancho is someone else.

Farhan Qureshi (R. Madhavan), Raju Rastogi (Sharman Joshi), and Rancchoddas "Rancho" Shyamaldas Chanchad (Aamir Khan) are three engineering students who share a room in a hostel at the Imperial College of Engineering, one of the best colleges in India. While Farhan and Raju are average students from modest backgrounds, Rancho is from a rich family. Farhan wants to become a wildlife photographer, but has joined engineering college to fulfil his father's wish. Raju on the other hand wants to uplift his family fortunes. Rancho is a wealthy genius who studies for the sheer joy of it. However, Rancho's passion is for knowledge and taking apart and building machines rather than the conventional obsession of the other students with exam ranks. With his different approach Rancho incurs the wrath of dean of college, Professor Viru Sahastrabudhhe (ViruS) (Boman Irani). Rancho irritates his lecturers by giving creative and unorthodox answers, and confronts ViruS after fellow student Joy Lobo hangs himself in his dormitory room. Joy had requested an extension on his major project on compassionate groundshis father had suffered a strokebut ViruS refused, saying that he himself was completely unmoved by his own son's accidental death after being hit by a train. Rancho denounces the rat race, dog-eat-dog, mindless rote learning mentality of the institution, blaming it for Lobo's death.

Threatened by Rancho's talent and free spirit, ViruS labels him an "idiot" and attempts on a number of occasions to destroy his friendship with Farhan and Raju, warning them and their parents to steer clear of Rancho. In contrast, ViruS model student is Chatur Ramalingam or "Silencer", (Omi Vaidya) who sees a high rank at the prestigious college as his ticket to higher social status, corporate power, and therefore wealth. Chatur conforms to the expectations of the system. Rancho humiliates Chatur, who is awarded the honour of making a speech at an award ceremony, by substituting obscenities into the text, which has been written by the librarian. As expected, Chatur mindlessly memorises the speech, without noticing that anything is amiss, partly aided by his lack of knowledge on Hindi. His speech becomes the laughing stock of the audience, infuriating the authorities in the process.

Meanwhile, Rancho also falls in love with ViruS' medical student daughter Pia (Kareena Kapoor) when he, Raju and Farhan crash her sister's wedding banquet in order to get a free meal, in the process further infuriating ViruS.

Meanwhile, the three students continue to anger ViruS, although Rancho continues to come first in every exam, while Chatur is always second, and Farhan and Raju are inevitably in the last two positions. The tensions come to a head when the three friends, who are already drunk, break into ViruS's house at night to allow Rancho to propose to Pia, and then urinate on a door inside the compound before running away when ViruS senses intruders. The next day, ViruS threatens to expel Raju lest he talks on the other two. Unable to choose between betraying his friend or letting down his family, Raju jumps out of the 3rd floor window and lands on a courtyard, but after extensive care from Pia and his roommates, awakes from a coma.

The experience has changed Farhan and Raju, and they adopt Rancho's outlook. Farhan decides to pursue his love of photography, while Raju takes an unexpected approach for an interview for a corporate job. He attends in plaster and a wheelchair and gives a series of non-conformal and frank answers. However, ViruS is unsympathetic and vows to make the final exam as hard as possible so that Raju is unable to graduate. Pia hears him and angrily confronts him, and when ViruS gives the same ruthless reply he gives to his students, she denounces him in the same way that Rancho did over the suicide of Lobo. Pia reveals that Viru's son and her brother was not killed in an accident but committed suicide in front of a train and left a letter because ViruS had forced him to pursue a career in engineering over his love for literature; ViruS always mentioned that he unsympathetically failed his son on the ICE entrance exams over and over to every new intake of ICE students. After this, Pia walks out on the family home, and takes ViruS's spare keys with her. She tells Rancho of the exam, and he and Farhan break into ViruS's office and steals the exam and give it to Raju, who with his new-found attitude, is unconcerned with the prospect of failing, and refuses to cheat and throws the paper away. However, ViruS catches the trio and expels them on the spot. However, they earn a reprieve when Viru's pregnant elder daughter Mona (Mona Singh) goes into labour at the same time. A heavy storm cuts all power and traffic, and Pia is still in self-imposed exile, so she instructs Rancho to deliver the baby in the college common room via VOIP, after Rancho restores power using car batteries and a power inverter that Rancho had dreamed up and ViruS had mocked. Rancho then delivers the baby with the help of a cobbled-together Vacuum extractor.

After the baby is apparently stillborn, Rancho resuscitates it. ViruS reconciles with Rancho and his friends and allows them to take their final exams and they graduate. Rancho comes first and is awarded ViruS's pen, which the professor had been keeping for decades before finding a brilliant enough student to gift it to.

Their story is framed as intermittent flashbacks from the present day, ten years after Chatur vowed revenge on Rancho for embarrassing him at the speech night and promised to become more successful than Rancho a decade later. Having lost contact with Rancho, who disappeared during the graduation party and went into seclusion, Raju and Farhan begin a journey to find him. They are joined by Chatur, now a wealthy and successful businessman, who joins them, brazenly confident that he has surpassed Rancho. Chatur is also looking to seal a deal with a famous scientist and prospective business associate named Phunsukh Wangdu. Chatur sees Wangdu, who has hundreds of patents, as his ticket to further social prestige. When they find Rancho's house, they walk into his father's funeral, and find a completely different Rancho Jaaved Jaffrey. After accusing the new man of stealing their friend's identity and profiting from his intellect, the host pulls a gun on them, but Farhan and Raju turn the tables by seizing the father's ashes and threatening to flush them down the toilet. The householder capitulates and says that their friend was a destitute servant boy who loved learning, while he, the real Rancho, was a lazy wealthy child who disliked study, so the family agreed to let the servant boy study in Rancho's place instead of labouring. In return, the real Rancho would pocket the qualifications and the benefits thereof, while the impersonator would sever all contact with the world and start a new life. The real Rancho reveals that his impersonator is now a schoolteacher in Ladakh.

Raju and Farhan then find Pia, and take her from her wedding day to Suhas by performing the same tricks with his material possessions, and having Raju turn up to the ceremony disguised as the groom and eloping with Pia in public. When they arrive in Ladakh, they see a group of enthusiastic Ladakhi children who are motivated by love of knowledge. Pia and the fake Rancho rekindle their love, while Chatur mocks and abuses Rancho the schoolteacher before walking away. When his friends ask what his real name is, he reveals that it Phunsukh Wangdu and phones Chatur, who has turned his back, to turn around and meet his prospective business partner. Chatur is horrified and falls to his knees, accepts his defeat and continues to plead his case with Phunsukh to establish the business relationship he was after.

Don't run behind the success: Don't run behind the success, achieve excellence first, the success will automatically come looking for you. Creativity: Be always creative in your answers, work & things you do which helps you become more capable of your own.

2. All is well

Because of that word the baby was safe

3. The 3main character why? Because of them the daughter of the principal is safe and the baby to

4. yes its reminds me about my friends

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armeniaitn · 4 years

Text

Monthly Review July 2020

New Post has been published on https://armenia.in-the.news/politics/monthly-review-july-2020-42062-02-08-2020/

Monthly Review July 2020

Europe

The United States is redeploying troops within Europe

On July 29, US Defense Secretary Mark Esper said that the US will withdraw 11,900 military personnel from Germany, reducing its contingent in this country from about 36,000 to 24,000.

Esper also specified that 4,500 armored troops will go home, while other units will continue to be deployed on a rotational basis in the Black Sea region to “strengthen deterrence of Russia and to ensure the security of the allies on the south-eastern flank. A “fighter squadron and elements of a fighter wing” will be relocated to Italy.

The rotation of US forces in Europe demonstrates that the Black Sea-Mediterranean region is becoming more of a priority for the United States.

Earlier, US President Donald Trump promised to reduce the number of US troops in Germany, complaining that Berlin has overdue payments to NATO.

Eurasia

Escalation at the border of Azerbaijan and Armenia

Clashes on the Armenian-Azerbaijani border have continued since July 12 in the neighboring districts of Tovuz and Tavush, which also border Georgia and are several hundred kilometers from Nagorno-Karabakh. Later, the Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan stated that exacerbation spread to the line of contact in Karabakh – Agdam, Khojavand, Fizuli, Jabrail, Goranboy and Tartar districts.

According to Baku, as a result of the conflict on the border 12 Azerbaijani militaries, including a general, were killed. The Armenian side claimed the death of five soldiers, as well as injuries to nine soldiers and one civilian.

Turkey stated that it was ready to provide any assistance to Azerbaijan. Escalation of the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan may lead to involvement of Turkey and Russia in the conflict, which is beneficial first of all for the US, which hopes to turn two Eurasian powers against each other.

Detention of Russians in Belorussia

On Wednesday, July 29, the detention of 33 Russians in Belarus was reported. The Belarusian authorities called them “fighters of a foreign private military company Wagner. The Russians were prosecuted under an article on the preparation of terrorist attacks. They face up to 20 years in prison. Later, Minsk reported that they’re suspected of preparing mass riots in the country.

Russia denies that the detainees belong to the PMCs. According to the Russian Ambassador to Belarus, the detainees were supposed to transit to Istanbul and work in a third country. Presumably, their presence was related to talks about Libya, where the Russians were being sent to protect oil facilities.

Presidential elections are to be held in Belarus on August 9. Alexander Lukashenko, who has been the president of the country since 1994, has not been in the best relations with Russia recently and demonstrates the desire to diversify the foreign policy in favor of the United States.

At the same time, there is a possibility that Lukashenko has detained the Russians in order to get a credit of trust in the West, on the one hand, and to use them as hostages to prevent Russian players from interfering in Belarusian politics.

Middle East

PKK gives Syrian oil away to the US

On July 30, Syrian Kurdish separatist authorities signed an agreement with an American company to modernize oil fields in the north-east of their country. This was announced by US Senator Lindsay Graham.

American legislators specified the Kurdish formations from the coalition of “Syrian democratic forces” (SDF) close to terrorist Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) had made a deal with an unnamed American company. The Graham referred to the information received directly from the commander of the SDF paramilitary units, Mazlum Kobani.

Graham said this in a statement to the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee at a hearing with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo. Pompeo answered that he supported this policy.

Thus, the Kurdish separatists in Syria have again demonstrated that they are American puppets, which the US uses to plunder the oil wealth of Syria.

Asia

American crusade against China

July 27, the US Consulate General in Chengdu was officially closed in China, the Foreign Ministry said.

After that, representatives of local authorities entered the institution through the main gate and took it under their jurisdiction. This decision followed the closure of the Chinese consulate in Houston. The US has accused Chinese diplomats of aiding hackers who allegedly tried to steal data on the coronavirus.

On July 23, the US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo made an accusatory speech against China. He called the country a threat to the free world and called for the formation of an anti-Chinese bloc.

The statements and actions of the US show that the confrontation between the US and China in the format of the New Cold War becomes a constant of international politics.

North Korea: No to denuclearization

On July 28, DPRK Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un said that the nuclear arsenal guarantees the safety of his country. On the same day, he presented commemorative pistols to senior army officers.

The North Korean leader’s statement shows the collapse of American attempts to denuclearize North Korea. It is also a blow to the image of Donald Trump, who claimed he could force the DPRK to follow this path.

Having nuclear weapons reduces the likelihood of the state being at war with him. North Korean leadership understands this very well, especially given the experience of Libya, where Muammar Gaddafi’s renunciation of nuclear weapons paved the way for the NATO invasion in 2011.

North America

The riots in Portland

Racially motivated riots continued in the United States in July. A new protest center was the city of Portland, Oregon. Protests are spilling over into clashes with police.

US President Donald Trump has ordered a federal force to be sent to the city. This decision was criticized by local authorities, as well as a number of senators and members of the US House of Representatives.

The actions of federal law enforcement agencies caused only a new outbreak of unrest – those dissatisfied with the actions of the military took to the streets from New York to San Francisco. The riots in Portland are growing into a real rebellion that neither the state nor the federal authorities can cope with.

South America

The Bank of England steals Venezuelan gold

On July 2, the British High Court ruled to deny the Government of Venezuela access to their own gold reserve held by the Bank of England. The court decision explains that Britain recognizes Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido, rather than the elected President Nicolas Maduro, as the country’s president.

Previously, the government of Maduro had tried to take away $1 billion worth of gold from the Bank of England, explaining the need to spend this amount to fight the Coronavirus epidemic in Venezuela. After being refused, Maduro’s team asked the UN to mediate and filed a lawsuit in May demanding that the bullions be handed over to the UN Food Programme.

The British actions demonstrate the danger of keeping gold reserves abroad, especially in imperialist Western countries.

Africa

The former Central African Republic president is coming to power

On July 25, in the capital of the Central African Republic, Bangui, former President François Bozizé declared himself a candidate in the presidential elections at the Kwa-na-Kwa party congress. They will take place in the Central African Republic in December this year.

Bozizé has been under UN sanctions for several years and is wanted for crimes against humanity. He was an active participant in the civil war with the Seleka Muslim coalition and closely linked to France. After Bozizé lost power in 2013, he fled to Cameroon. In December 2019, Bozizé returned to his homeland.

This step was supposed to promote reconciliation between different groups. However, now Bozizé’s inclusion in the power struggle may contribute to new destabilization in the CAR.

Oceania

USA and Australia: Anti-Chinese Front

On July 28, the United States and Australia said they will expand military cooperation amid growing tensions with China in the Asia-Pacific region, seeking to create a “common front of the two allies”.

Australian Defence Minister Linda Reynolds said the two countries will strengthen relations in a variety of defense areas, including hypersonic, electronic and space weapons.

US Defense Secretary Mark Esper, in turn, welcomed the participation of five Australian ships in a joint exercise with the US aircraft carrier strike team and the Japanese destroyer in the Philippine Sea last week.

In a joint statement, the heads of foreign policy and military affairs of the two countries noted that they discussed the expansion of operations in the city of Darwin in northern Australia, where US Marines have been deployed on a rotational basis since 2012.

All these actions are clearly directed against China, and Australia is one of the most important pillars of American hegemony in the Pacific region. Despite Australian Foreign Minister Marise Payne declaring that Kanberra has “no intention of injuring” its relations with Beijing, China viewed recent US-Australian talks as a threat. According to Chinese official newspaper Global Times ”in case a military conflict between China and the US takes place, and Australia, as well as other countries like India and Japan, play a role in it, they will immediately also become targets of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), as the PLA will take resolute countermeasures to safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity”.

Read original article here.

#Armenia #Karabakh #Politics

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onlinetypinghindi · 7 months

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All India Institute of Speech and Hearing - Mysore Invites Applications For Officer Recruitment

#govtjobs #jobs #jobseekers #jobsearch #india #indianjobs #indiajobs #recruitment

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kspjobalert · 3 years

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#office of mysore district court for the designation of staff nurse #accountant #security officer #assistant auditor #government office in mysuru (mysore) ( karnataka )govt jobs in andaman and nicobar islands

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vignaniasacademy · 4 years

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25-05-2020 Current affairs & Daily News Analysis

EID-UL-FITR The Vice President of India wished the nation on the eve of the auspicious occasion of Eid-ul-Fitr.

About: It is a celebration to mark the end of Ramadan/Ramzan, the holy month of fasting. It is celebrated on the first day in the month of Shawwal. It literally means ‘Feast of the Breaking Fast’. It is also known as ‘Meetha Eid’ because the sweet dish of sewwaiyyan (a form of vermicelli pudding) is savoured and distributed among family and friends. Source : PIB ( Culture ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy How exposing healthy volunteers to Covid-19 for vaccine testing would work The World Health Organisation (WHO) has announced that eight vaccine candidates for COVID-19 have entered human trials.

About: In a human challenge trial, participants are deliberately exposed to the infection (in this case it is SARS-CoV-2 virus), in order to study the disease and test the vaccines. For this, the exact virus strain that will be used to infect the participant and dosage or how much of the virus the volunteers need to be exposed to needs to be determined and approved by the regulatory authorities. Human challenge trial isn't new. The method has been used for developing vaccines for seasonal flu, typhoid, malaria, and cholera, among others. Important Info : Benefits: Human challenges expedite trials because a lot of time may be lost waiting for a trial subject to contract the disease naturally from the community. Till such time that happens, whether the vaccine works or not cannot be tested.Then again, if infection does not happen normally, there is little way of finding out whether it is because of the vaccine or whether it is because the person was never exposed at all. Source : Indian Express (Health) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Govt notifies BS-VI emission norms for quadricycles The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has issued notification dated 22nd May 2020 regarding the emission norms for L7 (Quadricycle) category for BS VI. These norms are applicable from the date of notification.

About: This notification completes the process of BS VI for all L, M and N category vehicles in India. The emission norms are in line with EU with WMTC cycle. The move is likely to encourage the production of quadricycles, a segment introduced less than two years ago. The central government had introduced the quadricycle segment in 2018 and approved it for both commercial and private use. Automobile manufacturers will now be able to produce petrol, diesel, CNG and biofuel quadricycles for the Indian market. The Ministry of Road Transport describes quadricycle as a vehicle the size of a three-wheeler but with four tyres and fully covered like a car. "It has an engine like that of a three-wheeler. This makes it a cheap and safe mode of transport for last-mile connectivity." Source : PIB ( Environment ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Bihar, DoP join hands to home deliver Shahi lichi, Zardalu mango The Department of Posts, Government of India and Department of Horticulture, Government of Bihar have joined hands to supply ''Shahi Lichi'' from Muzaffarpur and "Zardalu Mango" from Bhagalpur to the people at doorstep.

About: The ''Shahi Lichi'' of Muzaffarpur (Bihar) and "Zardalu Mango" of Bhagalpur(Bihar) are famous in world by virtue of their unique fragrance and demand everywhere. Zardalu Mango has received GI tag. This facility of online delivery will be initially available to people of Muzaffarpur & Patna for ''Shahi Lichi'' & Patna & Bhagalpur for "Zardalu Mango" . Lichi will be booked minimum for 2 kgs and mangoes for 5 kgs. Source : PIB ( Economy ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy RAJIV GANDHI KISAN NYAYA YOJANA Farmers in Chhattisgarh would get up to ₹13,000 an acre a year under the Rajiv Gandhi Kisan Nyaya Yojana, a new income support programme announced by the State government.

About: In the first instalment, ₹1,500 crore would be distributed among 18 lakh farmers, more than 80% of them small and marginal. The annual cost of the scheme would be ₹5,700 crore. The scheme would cover rice, maize and sugarcane farmers to begin with, and would expand to other crops later. Rice and maize farmers would get ₹10,000 an acre, while sugarcane farmers would get ₹13,000. The money would be distributed in four instalments. This will help them through the agricultural cycle and help with extension activities. The additional income to farmers would increase rural demand and also act as a stimulus for the State’s economy. Source : The Hindu ( Economy ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy WORLD SCHIZOPHRENIA DAY May 24 was observed as World Schizophrenia Day.

About: Schizophrenia is a psychosis, a type of mental illness characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behaviour. Common experiences include:hallucination: hearing, seeing or feeling things that are not there; delusion: fixed false beliefs or suspicions not shared by others in the person’s culture and that are firmly held even when there is evidence to the contrary; abnormal behaviour: disorganised behaviour such as wandering aimlessly, mumbling or laughing to self, strange appearance, self-neglect or appearing unkempt; disorganised speech: incoherent or irrelevant speech; and/or disturbances of emotions: marked apathy or disconnect between reported emotion and what is observed such as facial expression or body language. Causes of schizophrenia: Research has not identified one single factor. It is thought that an interaction between genes and a range of environmental factors may cause schizophrenia. Psychosocial factors may also contribute to schizophrenia. Management: Schizophrenia is treatable. Treatment with medicines and psychosocial support is effective. The usual age of onset for adult Schizophrenia is 15 to 25 years although it can be seen as early as 5 years of age. However, childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare condition with onset before the age of 13 years, which rises steadily through adolescence and reaches its peak in early adult life. Important Info : Indian scenario? According to a recent National Mental Health Survey (2015-2016) conducted by NIMHANS, the prevalence of Schizophrenia in the Indian population is 0.5 per cent for current and 1.4 per cent for a lifetime experience. Source : Indian Express ( Health ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Great Lockdown or Pandession? ⁠Naming this century’s worst crisis isn’t going to be easy Economists around the world are searching for the right terminology to describe the biggest economic crisis since the Great Depression.

Suggestions made: The IMF calls it the Great Lockdown. At its spring meetings in April -- held virtually this year -- the International Monetary Fund used that phrase to summarize how the world economy had been upended. Morgan Stanley says it’s the Great Covid-19 Recession, or GCR for short to reflects its expectations for the deepest peacetime contraction in global growth since the Great Depression. Ed Yardeni, who coined the term “bond vigilantes" back in the 1980s, has named this the Great Virus Crisis. There’s even a suggestion to call it a Pandession, as suggested by economist David McWilliams, who previously worked for the Central Bank of Ireland and lenders including BNP Paribas. A Pandession is a new word because it is a new thing. Economists with Bloomberg Economics have used phrases such as the Global Hard Stop or the Virus Recession. Important Info : As for the origins of the ‘Great Depression,’ it’s a term that was used by various U.S. presidents and others such as British economist Lionel Robbins, who published a book in 1934 titled “The Great Depression." Source : LiveMint ( Economy ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy INDIAN INSTITUTE OF FOOD PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (IIFPT) Union Minister of Food Processing Industries(MoFPI), appreciated the initiative taken by Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology ( IIFPT) to manufacture nutrient rich foods for COVID-19 patients at a time when the need for healthy and immunity boosting foods is indispensable.

About: Mandate: IIFPT is a premier national Institute for promoting research and education in food processing. Parent Agency: It works under the administrative control of Union Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI). HQ: Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. Source : PIB ( Economy ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy A Shaky Coalition Government Takes Office In Israel Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Israel Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu for forming his fifth government in Israel.

About: Israel's new government, headed once again by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, was sworn into office , ending nearly a year-and-a-half of political stalemate involving three stormy elections and multiple rounds of coalition negotiations. This marked a fifth term for Netanyahu — his fourth consecutive term — and the first time an Israeli leader indicted on criminal charges will formally lead the country. He is the longest-serving Prime Minister in Israeli history. Important Info : Coalition government agreement: This happened after an agreement was reached between Netanyahu (Chairman of the Likud – National Liberal Movement) and MK Benny Gantz (of Blue and White party) on the formation of a national unity government.The deal would involve both parties sharing power, and Gantz and Netanyahu taking turns being prime minister.Under the terms of the agreement Netanyahu is to be prime minister until October 2021, with Gantz serving as vice prime minister. After that time the men are to exchange roles. Source : All India Radio ( International ) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy FACEBOOK SHOPS Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg has announced the launch of Facebook Shops.

About: Facebook Shops is a platform that small mom-and-pop stores across the world could leverage to sell things directly across its apps, such as WhatsApp, Instagram and Facebook too. For small store owners in developing countries, the launch of this platform could mean easy access to the large customer base of the social media giant, Facebook. With WhatsApp and Instagram, the trio makes a formidable presence on the internet. The launch of this platform coincides with the plans of many other global conglomerates to launch themselves in the Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises (MSME) segment, by providing some kind of platform or training space. It is unclear if Facebook Shops would be launched in India as well. Source : Indian Express (Economy) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Coaching Institute in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Daily Current affairs and News Analysis Best IAS Coaching institutes in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Contact Vignan IAS Academy Enroll For IAS Foundation Course from Best IFS Academy in Bangalore Read the full article

#topiascoachinginbangalore #TopRankedIASCoachinginBangalore #Topupsccoachinginbangalore #Top5IASCoachinginBangalore #TopIASAcademyinBangalore

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isayeed-blog · 4 years

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Peter Pans take over in India

The de facto takeover of the countermajoritarian institution in Bangladesh, the Supreme Court, by the executive has its counterpart across the border in India, where the transition to majoritarianism in the highest judiciary has seen less drama and more stealth.

The saga begins in the state of Assam: Goroimari is hotter than Prague, without cobbled squares but with pendant palms and mangoes, yet, to The Economist journalist, “Franz Kafka would have felt quite at home in Assam (“Madness in the hills: India is declaring millions of its citizens to be foreigners”). The subtitle tells the story: “The unlucky victims must then prove the opposite in special courts”.

Assam has been compiling a National Register for Citizens (NRC) since 2016. The aim is to sort pukka Indians from Bangladeshi (read “Muslim”) intruders. The 33m people of the state, mostly poor and illiterate, must prove to bureaucrats that they are citizens. The deadline is July 31st, and after that cases move to the Foreigners’ Tribunals, special parallel courts with no right of appeal - a curious dead-end for a democracy where every aggrieved citizen can appeal to the Supreme Court.

But the bureaucracy, manned by Assamese chauvinists aligned with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), which rules both the state and the country, has every motive to reject as many cases as possible. The BJP wants to extend the NRC and Foreigners’ Tribunals to the rest of India. India’s Muslims, comprising 13% of its 1.3 billion people, are scared.

“With Assamese chauvinists repeatedly asserting that 5m or even 8m “infiltrators” have invaded their state, right-wing politicians have scented the possibility of erasing much of the typically left-leaning Muslim “vote bank” from the rolls. They are substantiating the baseless estimates by declaring millions to be “foreigners”.”

No less a body than the Supreme Court had authorised anonymous individuals to “denounce” foreigners, without revealing their identity. In Goroimari alone, a small number of objectors, as they are known, all believed linked to Assamese nativist groups, managed access to a local NRC database and penned 30,000 objection certificates. Across Assam, around 220,000 such letters were filed before a May deadline.

In “Intolerant India: Narendra Modi stokes divisions in the world’s biggest democracy”, the newspaper accuses Narendra Modi, the prime minister, of trying to build a Hindu state, to the alarm of its 200m Muslims.

In December 2019, the government changed a law to make it easier for observers of all religions to acquire citizenship - except Muslims. Plans were afoot to register all 1.3b citizens. But many Muslims don’t have the papers to prove they’re citizens, so risk being made stateless. Camps are being built as detention places.

“In fact, the scheme looks like the most ambitious step yet in a decades-long project of incitement. The BJP first rose to national prominence by agitating for the demolition of a mosque in the city of Ayodhya, to make way for a temple to Ram, a Hindu deity. The destruction of the mosque in 1992 by a mob of Hindu extremists, followed by deadly riots, only propelled the party’s ascent. Likewise, a massacre of Muslims in the state of Gujarat in 2002, when Mr Modi was chief minister, made him a hero to Hindu nationalists around the country.”

Morally challenged Peter Pans voted the BJP into power, certainly not an historical first.

But the tyrannized individual should, in theory, be able to look to the countermajoritarian Supreme Court for succour. In November, India’s Supreme Court affirmed the right of Hindus to take over the site at Ayodhya. “But the ruling involved such a glaring legal sleight of hand that it marked another shift away from equality between India’s faiths.”

At any rate, the resolution of the Ayodhya dispute stole the BJP’s thunder - other noxious causes had to be authored for the Peter Pans. “The sad truth is that Mr Modi and the BJP are likely to benefit politically by creating divisions over religion and national identity.” As Brennan observed, democracy makes us civic enemies.

The Supreme Court declined to suspend the citizenship law.

“First the mob, then the law” runs the - apposite - headline. “Judges who decry anti-Muslim bias find themselves overruled or transferred.”

The article refers to the riot in Delhi in February 2020 in which 53 people died, bringing the total dead to 80 after Narendra Modi changed the law on citizenship. “And although it is Muslims, both protesters and bystanders, who have borne the brunt of the violence and vandalism, the government, the agencies of the state and much of the press have persisted in blaming the victims.”

However, a judge in Mangaluru, in the southern state of Karnataka, granted bail to 21 Muslim men charged with joining a riot. He condemned the police for fabricating evidence. The police had also failed to file a single case in the riots in December following the discriminatory law, despite eyewitness accounts of how the police themselves had shot dead two people. He concluded that there had been “a deliberate attempt to cover up police excesses”.

“Two weeks later, in much more typical fashion, the Supreme Court struck down the ruling, sending the men back to prison.”

In a similar case, out of many, a court in Karnataka rejected a plea for bail by three students accused of sedition for singing “Long Live Pakistan” in a Facebook video. Legal precedent requires that the alleged perpetrators of sedition directly instigate violence against the state, yet the judge found it sufficient that they had “created unhealthy atmosphere”.

In the most populous state, Uttar Pradesh, where the police were repeatedly filmed vandalising private property during protests, the state, instead of charging the officers involved, is trying the lawyers and human rights activists for damaging private property. The police even erected giant billboards with the pictures, names and addresses of those from whom it was seeking damages. When the High Court ordered a stop to this public hounding, the state government, run by the BJP, appealed to the Supreme Court. “It is likely to get a sympathetic hearing.”

During the riots in Delhi, it was only subsequent to a High Court order to help evacuate wounded people to hospital that the 80,000-strong police force began to intervene, after 48 hours of arson and murder. With plentiful footage of BJP members calling for protesters to be shot, the same bench also ordered police to register cases against members of the BJP for hate speech, which they had refused to do, despite the evidence.

“Hours later the Supreme Court transferred one of the troublesome judges out of Delhi. The next day the high court postponed all hearings about hate speech to April.”

The worst suspicions were confirmed in March when Ranjan Gogoi took oath as a new member of the Rajya Sabha, India’s upper house. Opposition MPs staged a boycott amid cries of “shame”. Mr. Gogoi had recently retired as Chief Justice. Critics of the BJP claim that his seat is a pay-off for rulings that favoured the government.

#india #supreme court #communal riots #babri mosque #citizenship law #assam #national register of citizens #delhi riots

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blackkudos · 4 years

Text

A. Philip Randolph

Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was an American labor unionist, civil rights activist, and socialist politician.

Early life and education

Marriage and family

Early career

Randolph ran on the Socialist Party ticket for New York State Comptroller in 1920, and for Secretary of State of New York in 1922, unsuccessfully.

Union organizer

Civil rights leader

Religion

Death

Awards and accolades

In 1942, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded Randolph the Spingarn Medal.

On September 14, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented Randolph with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

In 1967 awarded the Eugene V. Debs Award

In 1967 awarded the Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award. It was named after a 1963 encyclical letter by Pope John XXIII that calls upon all people of good will to secure peace among all nations.

Named Humanist of the Year in 1970 by the American Humanist Association.

Named to the Florida Civil Rights Hall of Fame in January 2014.

Legacy

In buildings, streets, and trains

Amtrak named one of their best sleeping cars, Superliner II Deluxe Sleeper 32503, the "A. Philip Randolph" in his honor.

A. Philip Randolph Academies of Technology, in Jacksonville, FL, is named in his honor.

A. Phillip Randolph Boulevard in Jacksonville, Florida, formerly named Florida Avenue, was renamed in A. Phillip Randolph's honor. It is located on Jacksonville's east side, near EverBank Field.

The A. Philip Randolph Career Academy in Philadelphia, Pa was named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Career and Technician Center in Detroit, MI is named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Institute is named in his honor.

PS 76 A. Philip Randolph in New York City, NY is named in his honor

A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum is in Chicago's Pullman Historic District.

Edward Waters College in Jacksonville, Florida houses a permanent exhibit on the life and accomplishments of A. Philip Randolph.

Randolph Street, in Crescent City, Florida, was dedicated to him.

A. Philip Randolph Library, at Borough of Manhattan Community College

Arts, entertainment, and media

+ 1994 Documentary A. Philip Randolph: For Jobs and Freedom, PBS

In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed A. Philip Randolph on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.

A statue of A. Philip Randolph was erected in his honor in the concourse of Union Station in Washington, D.C..

In 1986 a nine-foot bronze statue of Randolph by Tina Allen was erected in Boston's Back Bay commuter train station.

On February 3, 1989, the United States Postal Service issued a 25-cent postage stamp in Randolph's honor.

Other

James L. Farmer, Jr., co-founder of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), cited Randolph as one of his primary influences as a Civil Rights leader.

Randolph is a member of the Labor Hall of Fame.

#04/15 #05/16

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warninggraphiccontent · 5 years

Text

31 May 2019

Have I Got Views For You

Alongside three Peston Geek of the Week badges we can now add an appearance on Have I Got News For You for IfG charts. Ian Hislop seemed surprised by the appearance of 'A graph on a comedy show' - he should check out the open (data) mic night vibe of a Whitehall Monitor launch or a Data Bites event...

The most up-to-date version of that chart, and our other resignation charts, is here - and thanks too to BBC News for including a number of our charts in their summary of Theresa May's premiership, the beginning of the end of which began as this newsletter went out last week.

The end of May is likely by the end of July, once the Tory party leadership contest is complete. Having overtaken Gordon Brown this week in terms of time served, May will boot the Duke of Wellington out of the way shortly, followed by Neville Chamberlain, before falling short of Jim Callaghan.

Her resignation speech highlighted two data-based initiatives as successes: the race disparity audit (which we welcomed at the time, and which the women and equalities select committee applauded while demanding better data) and the publication of gender pay gap data. There have been a few other open/data initiatives of note, such as the Home Office crime map, which Paul reminded me of during this event. But May's premiership - if it is remembered for anything other than Brexit - will be remembered as an object lesson in opacity and secrecy, hindered by her closed style of governing and decision-making, on everything from Brexit to the disastrous dementia tax announcement. Ben Worthy's 2017 piece and 2018 piece on these issues are still well worth reading. It should prompt politicians to consider a more open style of leadership in the 21st century, as an opportunity as well as an obligation. But it probably won't.

Political support for the open government agenda has undoubtedly weakened, to a concerning degree. The UK finally published its Open Government Partnership National Action Plan this week, many, many months late. (Full disclosure: I'm a member of the Open Government Network steering group in the UK.) Thanks are due to the civil servants who got it over the line. But Tim's take on the 'lamentable' state of open government and his disappointment with the Plan is required reading (see also Mor's pre-publication pessimism). We can rightly blame the political situation and political disinterest for a lot of the problems; we *can* find positives in the plan (the contracting commitments are in line with our recommendations, amongst others). But there is a need for some civil society soul-searching. What are we trying to achieve from and through open government? Are we trying to bring together too many disparate areas, interests and groups under one heading? Are we after big, headline-grabbing initiatives or smaller, more practical business-as-usual steps (and did we get either)? Where do we go next?

This is a more optimistic development. Though the less said about Justin Trudeau's session at the Open Government Summit in Ottawa, the better, by the sound of it...

This side of the Atlantic, we've had the European elections to contend with. Putting the politics to one side (*knowing look to camera*) it's a great opportunity to compare how different outlets treat the same data - see the many, many links below. The fact the elections were somewhat unexpected in the UK may have been a blessing - rather than money wasted on thoughtless 3D graphics we got simple, succinct storytelling. (Though I do wonder whether we could think even more deeply, and, well...) There may be some more to come from us on this, too - keep an eye on our explainer, Aron and Lee.

I've rambled on far too long. In part, that's compensation for what will be a very short W:GC next week, if it appears at all: after hosting our third Data Bites on Tuesday night (come! or livestream! and put Wednesday 3 July in your diary for the next one!), I'm heading to Berlin for a conference and then preparing for the Orwell Foundation's Barbican residency.

And if you've not had enough of me, you can keep track of the IfG's future technology in government project here, and you might even hear me if you tune into Radio 5 Live this morning...

Gavin

Today's links:

Graphic content

D'Hondt you want me baby?

European Election 2019: UK results in maps and charts (BBC News - includes this one)

European election latest results 2019: across the UK (The Guardian)

GB - final results (Europe Elects)

Thread: change in leave/remain areas (Will Jennings)

My Euro-election post-vote poll: most Tory switchers say they will stay with their new party (Lord Ashcroft)

2016 referendum vs 2019 election (Ross Atkin, via Lee)

UK’s European election results: four key findings* (FT - more here from John Burn-Murdoch, via Lee)

If the results were translated into GE constituencies... (Peston, by Chris Hanretty - more here)

Two-party share (Aron for IfG)

Context (Johnny for IfG)

D'Hondt you want me? Oh

EU election results 2019: across Europe (The Guardian)

European elections 2019: Live results (FT)

European Elections (Politico)

European Parliament Elections 2019 (Bloomberg)

European Election 2019: Results in maps and charts (BBC News)

Europa von links nach rechts (Zeit Online)

So hat Europa gewählt (WAZ)

Elections européennes 2019 : les résultats en sièges, pays par pays, et la future composition du Parlement (Le Monde)

Elections européennes 2019 : les résultats par département rapportés à la population (Le Monde)

Flow of votes: Italy (via Leonardo Carella)

Centrist liberals gained the most power in the EU Parliament* (The Economist)

Don't you want me baby? Don't you want me? (No)

Charting Theresa May's premiership (IfG)

May overtakes Brown (me for IfG)

Theresa May: Premiership in six charts (BBC News)

May and Corbyn are now the most unpopular PM and opposition leader duo of all time* (Telegraph)

How the competition to succeed Theresa May has played out over the past year, based on the implied probabilities of betting odds (Alasdair)

Liberal Democrat leadership contests – how do they work? (IfG)

Elections

Westminster needs to pay attention to the European election results – in Northern Ireland (IfG)

India general election 2019: What happened? (BBC News)

Are Blowout Presidential Elections A Thing Of The Past? (FiveThirtyEight)

Energy

The power switch: tracking Britain's record coal-free run (The Guardian)

Temperature change visualized in 10 different ways (Antti Lipponen)

Maps

Migration flows in the European Union (via Alberto Cairo)

Neighborhood Disparities in Investment Flows in Chicago (Urban Institute)

Help us name your neighbourhood (UK Parliament)

Children

Child mortality is an everyday tragedy of enormous scale that rarely makes the headlines (Our World in Data)

Today at @TheEconomist we published a new data-driven IG Story with a lot of data and a bit of gamification (Francesco Zaffarano)

Sport and leisure

Six? The ICC Cricket World Cup (Simon Beaumont)

Monaco Grand Prix 2019: 60-Second Animated Recap* (The Upshot)

SCALING EVEREST* (Washington Post)

How English clubs re-conquered European football* (The Economist)

Critique

WHAT CHARTS SAY (Elijah Meeks - reminds me of a chart I use in our dataviz training, alternative take here)

Examining Implicit Discretization in Spectral Schemes (or, whether rainbow colour schemes are bad - Visualization Design Lab)

Meta data

Openness

UK National Action Plan for Open Government 2019-2021 (UK Government)

Statement by UK Open Government Network at #OGPCanada (UK Open Government Network)

The lamentable State of Open Government in the UK (Tim Davies)

From Enthusiasm to Stagnation: The Tale of Two Countries Ahead of the OGP19 Summit (Mor Rubinstein)

The sum of our parts: Open Organisations

Cities

Tech Billionaires Think SimCity Is Real Life (Jacobin)

The ‘Smart City’ is as much a political challenge as it is a technology challenge (bytherye)

London’s TfL and Toronto’s Google Sidewalk Lab both show that cities need better ways of managing data (CityMetric)

Jobs

JOB: Communications Manager (360Giving)

JOB: Band B2 - Analyst / Data Scientist - Civil Service People Survey, Analysis and Insight (Cabinet Office)

The team I work for at @TheEconomist is looking for a new data visualisation designer. Let me tell you why you should apply (Marie Segger)

Data

GDPR One Year On (BBC Click)

Taking Next Steps to Harness the Value of Health and Care Data (Future Care Capital, via Nick)

What can the NHS learn from learning health systems? (Nuffield Trust)

Related (Harry Evans)

How could new metrics help to end homelessness? (ONS)

Everything else

Parent trap: WhatsApp groups are feeding our fears* (The Spectator)

DIGITAL SOCIALISM? (Evgeny Morozov, New Left Review)

ANTHOLOGY: TECH AND INNOVATION (Delayed Gratification, via Pritesh)

THE NEXT GENERATION OF ANTI-CORRUPTION TOOLS (Oxford Insights)

The FOI request related to @GDSTeam's Submit #GaaP service (stopped after discovery) has come in... (via David)

Translating Principles into Practices of Digital Ethics: Five Risks of Being Unethical (Luciano Floridi in Philosophy and Technology)

And finally...

D'Hondt leave me this way

Lib Dems, bar chart, but... (Stephen Tall)

When you crash the chart they prepared. (Terry Reintke MEP)

Fun framing of Shetland (Matt Smith)

Snacks

Honestly my take away from this chart is that donuts are healthier than I thought (Dr Glaucomflecken, via Pritesh)

National Biscuit Day... (NCVO)

Everything else

Less words in Game of Thrones (Joanna Robinson - and yes, I know, that's the joke)

Eurovision Song Contest: a market basket analysis of voting patterns and international relations (Gwilym Lockwood)

#AI (Florian Roth)

A People Map of the US, where city names are replaced by their most Wikipedia’ed resident (The Pudding)

Remember the 3D map I did of the local election results? Well... (Jamie Whyte)

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firstbook · 7 years

Photo

Looking to get your kids reading? Here’s some of our favorite titles.

K-2

Princess Posey and the First Grade Parade by Stephanie Greene

Posey is very nervous about starting first grade and walking into school all by herself. Worst of all, she has to do it without the one thing that always makes her feel brave and special: the tutu that turns her into the Pink Princess. How will Posey face the first day of school without it?

Mamá the Alien / Mamá La Extraterrestre (Bilingual, English/Spanish) by René Colato Laínez

A young girl misunderstands the word alien on her mother's Resident Alien Card and lets her imagination run wild, coming to the conclusion that her mother is from outer space.

Good Night Owl by Greg Pizzoli

Owl is ready for bed. But as soon as he settles in, he hears a strange noise. He'll never get to sleep unless he can figure out what's going on!

We Are Growing! by Laurie Keller

Walt is not the tallest or the curliest or the pointiest or even the crunchiest. A confounded blade of grass searches for his "est" in this hilarious story about growing up.

The Cookie Fiasco by Dan Santat

Four friends. Three cookies. One problem. Hippo, Croc, and the Squirrels are determined to have equal cookies for all! But how? There are only three cookies … and four of them! They need to act fast before nervous Hippo breaks all the cookies into crumbs!

3-4

The Lemonade War by Jacqueline Davies

As the final days of summer heat up, so does a sibling showdown over a high-stakes lemonade stand business. Jessie and Evan Treski compete to see who will make $100 first off of their respective lemonade stands.

Zapato Power: Freddie Ramos Takes Off by Jacqueline Jules

One day Freddie Ramos comes home from school and finds a strange box just for him. What's inside? ZAPATO POWER—shoes that change Freddie's life by giving him super speed!

Pax by Sara Pennypacker

After being forced to give up his pet fox Pax, a young boy named Peter decides to leave home and get his best friend back.

Secret Coders #3: Secrets & Sequences by Gene Luen Yang

Stately Academy is no ordinary school: it was once home to an elite institute where teachers, students, and robots worked together to unravel the mysteries of coding. Hopper, Eni, and Josh won't rest until they've learned the whole story, but they aren't the only ones interested in the school's past.

Malala: A Hero for All by Shana Corey

Even as a young girl in Pakistan, Malala spoke up about the importance of girls' education, via speeches and a blog. Since the Taliban regime was intent on denying girls an education and silencing anyone who disagreed with their laws, this was very dangerous. Malala was shot, but she survived the attack and it did not silence her.

5-6

The Kane Chronicles #3: The Serpent’s Shadow by Rick Riordan

He's b-a-a-ack! Despite their best efforts, Carter and Sadie Kane can't seem to keep Apophis, the chaos snake, down. Now Apophis is threatening to plunge the world into eternal darkness, and the Kanes are faced with the impossible task of having to destroy him once and for all.

Hour of the Bees by Lindsay Eagar

What does it mean to be fully alive? Magic blends with reality in a stunning coming-of-age novel about a girl, a grandfather, wanderlust, and reclaiming your roots.

The Night Gardener by Jonathan Auxier

The Night Gardener follows two abandoned Irish siblings who travel to work as servants at a creepy, crumbling English manor house. But the house and its inhabitants are not quite what they seem. Soon, the children are confronted by a mysterious stranger--and an ancient curse that threatens their very lives.

Booked by Kwame Alexander

Soccer, family, love, and friendship take center stage as twelve-year-old Nick learns the power of words as he wrestles with problems at home, stands up to a bully, and tries to impress the girl of his dreams.

Max’s Lucha Libre Adventures: Maximilian & the Lucha Libre Club (Bilingual, English/Spanish) by Xavier Garza

Max seems like any other kid until he is asked to join the Lucha Libre Club, but because of strict secrecy, he cannot tell anyone of his royal wrestling blood: his uncle is the king of lucha libre, the Guardian Angel.

7-8

Raymie Nightingale by Kate DiCamillo

Raymie Clarke has come to realize that everything, absolutely everything, depends on her. And she has a plan. If Raymie can win the Little Miss Central Florida Tire competition, then her father, who left town two days ago with a dental hygienist, will see Raymie's picture in the paper and (maybe) come home.

One Crazy Summer by Rita Williams-Garcia

Eleven-year-old Delphine has it together. Even though her mother, Cecile, abandoned her and her younger sisters, Vonetta and Fern, seven years ago. Even though her father and Big Ma will send them from Brooklyn to Oakland, California, to stay with Cecile for the summer. And even though Delphine will have to take care of her sisters, as usual, and learn the truth about the missing pieces of the past.

A Well and Wong Mystery #1: Murder is Bad Manners by Robin Stevens

Two friends form a detective agency—and must solve their first murder case—in this first adventure in a brand-new middle grade mystery series set at a 1930s boarding school.

The Thing About Jellyfish by Ali Benjamin

Twelve-year-old Suzy Swanson wades through her intense grief over the loss of her best friend by investigating the rare jellyfish she is convinced was responsible for her friend's death.

Zack Delacruz: Me and My Big Mouth by Jeff Anderson

Zack Delacruz is unnoticed at his middle school—and that’s just the way he likes it. But a school assembly, a typhoon of spit, and an uncharacteristic moment of bravery are all it takes to change everything. Suddenly Zack is in charge of the class fundraiser. Worse, his partner is the school’s biggest bully! If they don’t sell all the chocolate bars, there will be no dance for the sixth grade. Zack never wanted to be a hero, but with his classmates’ hopes on the line, can he save the day?

High School

A Time to Dance by Padma Venkatraman

Veda, a classical dance prodigy in India, lives and breathes dance--so when an accident leaves her a below-knee amputee, her dreams are shattered. For a girl who's grown used to receiving applause for her dance prowess and flexibility, adjusting to a prosthetic leg is painful and humbling. But Veda refuses to let her disability rob her of her dreams, and she starts all over again, taking beginner classes with the youngest dancers.

Remember Dippy by Shirley Reva Vernick

Johnny's plans fly out the window when he finds out his single mother is leaving town for the summer. She has a breakthrough job in upstate New York. He can live with his Aunt Collette but only on the condition that he "help out with" his autistic older cousin, Remember. Yup, you heard it right: Remember Dippy.

March: Book Three by John Lewis

By the fall of 1963, the Civil Rights Movement has penetrated deep into the American consciousness, and as chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, John Lewis is guiding the tip of the spear. Through relentless direct action, SNCC continues to force the nation to confront its own blatant injustice, but for every step forward, the danger grows more intense: Jim Crow strikes back through legal tricks, intimidation, violence, and death. The only hope for lasting change is to give voice to the millions of Americans silenced by voter suppression: "One Man, One Vote."

Between Shades of Gray by Ruta Sepetys

Fifteen-year-old Lina is a Lithuanian girl living an ordinary life--until Soviet officers invade her home and tear her family apart. Separated from her father and forced onto a crowded train, Lina, her mother, and her young brother make their way to a Siberian work camp, where they are forced to fight for their lives. Lina finds solace in her art, documenting these events by drawing.

Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card

In order to develop a secure defense against a hostile alien race's next attack, government agencies breed child geniuses and train them as soldiers—young Ender is the Wiggin drafted to the orbiting Battle School for rigorous military training.

To explore more great titles, check out Summer Reading section on the First Book Marketplace.

#books #children's books #children's literature #book recommendations #book list #reading #YA books #kids books #kid lit #stories for all #own voices

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swedna · 5 years

Link

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday said the move by his government to provide 10 per cent reservation in education and jobs for the general category poor would enhance the confidence of ‘new India’. He clarified that the existing quota policy for the scheduled castes (SCs), scheduled tribes (STs) and other backward classes (OBCs) would remain as strong as it was, and accused opposition parties of trying to light a fire of discontent by spreading confusion over the issue.

President Ram Nath Kovind on Saturday gave his assent to the Constitution amendment Act providing 10 per cent quota in government jobs and education, including privately run institutes of higher education, to economically backward sections in the general category. Both Houses of Parliament had cleared the legislation last week.

On the concluding day of the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP’s) two-day national convention here, the party pitched its Lok Sabha election campaign on the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi versus a “comical alliance known as mahagatbandhan (grand alliance)”, and made only tangential references to the Ram Janmabhoomi issue, which is unlikely to get resolved before the polls.

Addressing over 12,000 party leaders and workers at the event, Modi said the country would need to decide in 2019 if it wished to have a honest and hardworking pradhan sevak or those who remained on vacation and were corrupt.

Modi said the choice was between rajshahi (dynastic politics) and those who believed in lokshahi (democracy). He said the 10 years of the Congress-led UPA rule pushed India into darkness at a key period in India’s history, and likened it to the “historical opportunity the country lost” when Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel did not become the first prime minister of the country after Independence.

ALSO READ: President signs Bill giving reservation to general category poor into law

In his 80-minute speech, the PM said political rivals were uniting against one person. He said this was because of the fear of chowkidar (watchman) -- a term along with pradhan sevak that Modi uses to describe himself. He said the chowkidar would not spare anyone, and would ensure the corrupt were caught, whether they had escaped abroad or living here.

Modi, as well as a political resolution the meeting passed, stated the choice with the people was “between stability and instability, effective governance or desperate malgovernance, between an honest and courageous leader”, who would lead a mazboot government versus “a leaderless opportunistic alliance” that wanted a majboor government. The resolution said the grand alliance had no policies or programmes, and their only glue was hatred for Modi.

10% quota for general category poor will boost new India's confidence: PM The PM, however, also cautioned party workers against excessively relying on his charisma. “Modi will start campaigning, and the game will turn – sounds good to hear this. However, the hallmarks of our party are its organisational strength and collective leadership…Before the rains arrive, a farmer needs to plough the field and plant seeds; similarly workers should strengthen the party in their respective polling booths,” the PM said. The PM listed the policies and programmes of his government, including for farmers, youth and women. Modi said he had provided a corruption-free government, while the Congress had resorted to falsehoods. But he also seemed to be aware that some of his government’s programmes were being criticised on the ground, and enthused party workers to defend ‘Beti bachao, beti padhao’, ‘Make in India’ and the promise to double farmers’ incomes by 2022.

Attacking the Congress, Modi said during the UPA era, a culture of “phone banking” or “Congress process” had started, where banks were forced to lend to industrialists under political pressure. The PM said banks disbursed loans worth Rs 18 trillion from 1947 to 2008, which increased to Rs 54 trillion between six years of 2008 to 2014. Modi said his government put a stop to this, passed the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and recovered Rs 3 trillion in the last two years.

The PM made a brief mention of the Ram temple issue, blaming the Congress for delaying its resolution and projected his rivals as "corrupt" against his government's "spotless" record in office. He wondered what the state governments of Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal had to hide since they had barred the Central Bureau of Investigation from investigating cases there, and said he always allowed the CBI in Gujarat during his tenure as chief minister despite a “witch-hunt” by the UPA.

The PM targeted the Congress over corruption and referred to the National Herald case in which Congress President Rahul Gandhi and his mother Sonia Gandhi are on bail. He accused them of grabbing land and people's money. The Opposition party believes in protecting its "sultanate" at any cost and its "first family" has no respect for the country's institutions, he said, claiming that the BJP believes in the Constitution. On the Rafale issue and in a reference to Rahul Gandhi, Modi said the Congress leader was indulging in falsehoods. Modi said he would not claim that his government achieved everything but it had made honest efforts to work for all sections of society.

#Narendra Modi

0 notes