#social network in southeast asia

[arkipelagic]

Asian slaves, indigenous Americans, and identity in colonial era Mexico

The Spanish Philippines had a diverse slave population for local labor and export, including Filipino Indians [i.e. natives; indios], Muslim war captives (moros), and foreign slaves from as far away as Portuguese India.

… Upon their arrival, chino slaves [i.e. any Asian slave, not just Chinese] were absorbed by the urban economy of Mexico City, where they mainly worked as domestic servants or in textile mills (obrajes) … For their part, working in the city provided chinos with some possibilities for manumission. Chinos in domestic service were especially apt to embrace the limited opportunities available to them and to experience some social mobility. In the obrajes, chinos had few of the freedoms given to domestic servants, but they did benefit from government oversight of the industry. During official visits, chino slaves appealed for protection from overt exploitation by claiming that they were Indians (even if they were from Portuguese India). Remarkably, visiting inspectors listened to their complaints, and they often responded by liberating individual chinos under the assumption that they were indeed native vassals and could thus not be held in bondage. The overall experience of chinos in the viceroyal capital confirms the benefits of living close to the center of colonial power.

The presence of free indigenous immigrants from the Spanish Philippines in Mexico reinforced the idea that all chinos were Indians. The complex governing structure of colonial Mexico involved two republics or political communities (the república de indios and the república de españoles); this organization separated the indigenous majority from everyone else to facilitate the collection of tribute and the ministry of the Catholic Church … [N]ative immigrants from the Philippines purposely sought to confirm their membership in the Republic because corporate status provided personal advantages. They asked to be tallied in tribute rolls in Mexico to benefit from concomitant privileges, such as trading rights and legal representation through the General Indian Court. At the same time, free Filipinos were frequently confused with chino slaves - a situation that had serious consequences for Filipinos' relations with colonial institutions and enslaved individuals. Some immigrants resented having their indigenous identity questioned and sought to maintain a sense of their Indian-ness by keeping their distance from chino slaves. The majority, however, expressed solidarity with chino slaves. Filipino artisans, for example, took on chino slaves as apprentices and taught them marketable skills. Similarly, Filipino traders incorporated chinos into their own credit networks to facilitate self-purchase.

Individual chinos who were manumitted also embraced an Indian identity, regardless of whether they were from Goa, Macau, or other places in South and Southeast Asia. In this way, chinos challenged official attempts to define them solely as former slaves. Instead, they sought to join the free republic. The possibility for this kind of social integration caused widespread concern among slave owners. To defend their property rights, masters started to brand chino slaves on the face, rather than on the chest or arm as they did with Africans, in order to dissuade them from fleeing and "passing" as free Indians. This horrifying development shows that Indian communities welcomed runaway chino slaves and, by extension, that slave owners sought visible markers of their slaves' status.

Excerpt from the Introduction to “Asian Slaves in Colonial Mexico: From Chinos to Indians” (2014) by Tatiana Seijas

[mostlysignssomeportents]

Underground Empire: Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman's must-read account of "How America Weaponized the World Economy."

I'm coming to Minneapolis! Oct 15: Presenting The Internet Con at Moon Palace Books. Oct 16: Keynoting the 26th ACM Conference On Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing.

At the end of Henry Farrell and Abraham Newman's new book Underground Empire, they cite the work of John Lewis Gaddis, "preeminent historian of the Cold War," who dubbed that perilous period "The Long Peace":

https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250840554/undergroundempire

Despite several harrowing near-misses, neither of the two hair-trigger, nuclear-tipped arsenals were ever loosed. When the Cold War ended, the world breathed a sigh of relief and set about refashioning itself, braiding together economic and social interdependencies that were supposed to make future war unthinkable. Nations that depend on one another couldn't afford to go to war, because they couldn't hurt the other without hurting themselves.

The standard account of the Cold War's "Long Peace" is that the game theorists who invented Mutually Assured Destruction set up a game where "the only way to win was not to play" (to quote the Matthew Broderick documentary War Games). The interdependency strategy of the post-Cold War, neoliberal, "flat" world was built on the same fundamentals: make war more costly than peace, victory worse than the status quo, and war would be over – if we wanted it.

But Gaddis has a different idea. Any effect Mutually Assured Destruction had on keeping fingers from pushing the buttons was downstream of a much more important factor: independence. For the most part, the US and the USSR had nonintersecting spheres of influence. Each of these spheres was self-sufficient. That meant that they didn't compete with one another for the use of the same resource or territory, and neither could put the other in check by seizing some asset they both relied on. The exceptions to this – proxy wars in Latin America and Southeast Asia – were the disastrous exceptions that proved the rule.

But the past forty years rejected this theory. From Thomas Friedman's "World Is Flat" to Fukyama's "End of History," the modern road to peace is paved with networks whose nodes can be found in every country. These networks – shipping routes, money-clearing systems, supply chains, the internet itself – weave together nearly every nation on Earth into a single web of interdependencies that make war impossible.

War, you may have noticed, has become very, very possible. Even countries with their own McDonald's franchises are willing to take up arms against one another.

That's where Farrell and Newman's book comes in. The two political scientists tell the story of how these global networks were built through accidents of history, mostly by American corporations and/or the American state. The web was built by accident, but the spider at its center was always the USA.

At various junctures since the Cold War, American presidents, spies and military leaders have noticed this web and tugged at it. A tariff here, a sanction there, then an embargo. The NSA turns the internet into a surveillance grid and a weapon of war. The SWIFT system is turned into a way to project American political goals around the world – first by blocking transactions for things the US government disfavors, then to cut off access for people who do business with people who do things that the US wants stopped.

Networks tend to centralization, to hubs. These central points are efficient, but (as we learned during the covid lockdown) brittle. One factory fails and an entire category of goods can no longer be made – anywhere. When it comes to global resiliency, these bottlenecks are are a bug; but when it comes to US foreign policy, these chokepoints are a feature.

Farrell and Newman skillfully weave a tale of individuals, powers, circumstances and forces, showing how the rise and rise of world-is-flat rah-rah globalism created a series of irresistable opportunities for "weaponized interdependence." Some players of the game wield these weapons like a scalpel; others (like Trump) use them like a club.

This is a chronicle of the dawning realization – among US power-players and their foreign adversaries, particularly in China – that the US lured its trading partners into entrusting it with financial clearing, IP enforcement, fiber landings, and other chokepoints, on the grounds that American wouldn't risk the wealth these systems generated by turning them into engines of coercion.

But then, of course, that's exactly what America did, from the War on Terror to economic sanctions on Iran, from seizing Argentinian reserves to freezing Russia's cash. Sometimes, the US did this for reasons that I sympathize with, other times, for reasons I am aghast at. But they did it, and did it, and did it.

America's adversaries (and frenemies, like the EU) have tried to build alternative "underground empires" to offset the risk of having their interdependencies weaponized (or to escape from an ongoing situation). But therein lies a conundrum: world-is-flat-ism has ended the age of indepedence. Countries really do need each other – for energy, materials, and finished goods. Independence is a long way off.

To create new interdependency networks, it's not enough for countries to agree that they don't trust America as neutral maintainer of their strategic chokepoints. They also have to agree to trust one of their own to operate those chokepoints. Lots of countries have come to mistrust US dollar-clearing and the SWIFT system – but few are willing to allow, say, China to run an alternative system that carries out settlements in Renminbi. The EU might be able to suck in some "friendly" countries for a Euro-clearing system, but would China trust them? How about Iran?

Farrell and Newman make a good case that US's position at the center of the web is a historical accident, and possibly a one-off, contingent on the ascendant post-Cold War ideology that said that markets and the interdependencies they create would neutralize the threat of handing a rival nation that much power.

Which leaves us in a world of interdependency in conflict. If Gaddis is right and the Long Peace was the result of independence, then this bodes very ill. The only thing worse than a world where no one can depend on anyone is a world where we must depend on entities that are hostile to us, and vice-versa. That way lies a widening gyre of conflict that felt eerily palpable as world events unfolded while I read this excellent, incisive book.

Political science, done right, has the power to reframe your whole understanding of events around you. Farrell and Newman set out a compelling thesis, defend it well, and tell a fascinating tale. And when they finish, they leave you with a way to make sense of things that seem senseless and terrible. This may not make those things less terrible, but at least they're comprehensible.

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/10/weaponized-interdependence/#the-other-swifties

My next novel is The Lost Cause, a hopeful novel of the climate emergency. Amazon won't sell the audiobook, so I made my own and I'm pre-selling it on Kickstarter!

[cornyonmains]

You know, I think it's a shame that in light of Build stepping down from BOC, people are missing the silver lining that Daemi will no longer have any further association with KP.

Sure, an actor a lot of people liked is gone. But so are two authors who dead-ass dedicated an entire chapter to Kinn violently tearing Porsche's asshole open, and built Vegas and Pete's entire relationship on an assault that makes what went down in the series look like a middle aged married couple awkwardly trying to roleplay a scene from the edited for network TV version of 50 Shades of Grey.

I'd also ask that people remember Thailand is very much a part of southeast Asia that's making a real effort to modernize, and move away from some of the toxic conservative and frankly backwards attitudes that can be prevalent in this region. BOC is doing a lot of good in this regard, because the fact yaoi exists, and that the industry uses these tropes speaks to an interpretation of queer culture built on viewing and translating it through a socially conservative lens. It's Asian society going 'these couples can't possibly be like us, so they must be like this' and then just sexing those tropes up to 10. BOC is out here doing the lord's work introducing all these thirsty women in their early 20's to masc for masc, but I digress.

I think people would be a lot happier if they went into BL prepared for growing pains like this. Actors were openly homophobic until just a few short years ago. A lot of them got into BL for easy money or to break into the industry, and weaponized homophobia to protect their reputations and make sure they could get work outside the BL industry. There really wasn't much of a bar for who studios were willing to sign. People should be glad the industry has started to weed this behavior out and grow up. It's a good thing. I'm bummed out about what happened to Build, I liked him, but I'm excited for the social turn Thailand is taking. Because I find it hard to believe Thai fans would have even given a fuck ten years ago. Just look how Apo was treated.

[southeastasianists]

In May of this year, the Move Forward Party achieved a remarkable victory in the Thai elections; increasing the party’s parliamentary seat count from 81 in the 2019 election to 151 in 2023. However, their seat count fell short of the 276 needed to independently form a government. Following unsuccessful attempts at forging a coalition, the political landscape underwent a significant transformation on Tuesday, August 22nd when Former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, reappeared in Thailand after a 15-year self-imposed exile and, just a few hours later, the Thai parliament finally elected a new prime minister.

Notably, the parliament’s decision marked the appointment of Srettha Thavisin, a real estate magnate and political novice affiliated with the once populist Pheu Thai party which is the 3rd incarnation of Thaksin’s Thai Rak Thai party.

The selection Srettha as PM, which concluded three months of political deadlock, necessitated that the Pheu Thai party form a governing coalition with its historical adversaries, the Thai military, defectors of Pheu Thai, members of the Democrat party now in the dual parties of Thai Raksa Chart and Palang Pracharat. This is essentially a Frankenstein government.

The outcome prompts questions about how this scenario unfolded—how did the Move Forward Party lose prominence, and how did the traditional conservative elite manage to maintain their control of the legislature? How did Thaksin manage to return home and negotiate a member of his own party to become the PM?

To understand this sequence of events, it’s crucial to recognize that Thailand is not a democracy and that Thailand has a history of being governed by a small yet influential group closely linked to the military, royal household, and business conglomerates, resulting in a susceptibility to coups.

Recently, this powerful group encountered an unprecedented challenge from the younger generation of Thais advocating for comprehensive socioeconomic reforms and from many middle-class voters who have simply had enough of the rampant corruption and the constant undermining of norms of decency in Thai society.

These reformist ideals were most prominently championed by the Move Forward Party (MFP) which found fertile ground in the previously mentioned demographics. Yet, the MFP agenda is also a direct threat to the entrenched interests of the Thai establishment.

A cursory review of the Move Forward Party’s platform elucidates the reasons behind the establishment’s resistance to granting them governance. The MFP policies, while necessary for any true democratization or social reform, are best summarized as the 3Ds- demilitarization, demonopolization and decentralization.

This likely sounds great for the majority of Thais and would work wonders for creating a more financially stable middle class but just consider how the conservative military elite and business networks would be impacted.

The most significant resistance to MFP came from the royalist elites which opposed any amendment to Thailand’s draconian lese majeste laws.  MFP, a staunch critic of the use of the royal defamation laws which can carry a 15-year prison term, emphatically refused to reconsider its’ stance on the issue and thus cemented significant opposition to MFP leadership.

But there were also other concerns among the military and business establishment. To be specific, here are a few of MFP’s policies on how to effectively complete their 3D model:

Diminish military involvement in political affairs by disbanding the SBPAC which has spread to all 77 provinces during military rule

Transition from mandatory military service to a voluntary force

Bring military businesses such as TV stations, radio stations, kickboxing businesses and other military business establishments into the Ministry of Finance

Draft and enact a fresh democratic constitution (eliminating the 250 junta appointed senators)

Challenge large business monopolies and enhance economic competitiveness

Champion the right of laborers to join trade unions and engage in collective negotiations

Introduce a 40-hour workweek with required overtime for additional hours

Declassify adult entertainment and related products

Legitimize marriages between individuals of the same sex

Advance gender parity and curtail domestic abuse

Advocate for the rights of the LGBT+ community

Institute a contemporary modern welfare state

For the average Thai, many of these policies sound reasonable and would likely result in improvements to their quality of life.  To the conservative establishment, these policies represent a direct challenge to their base of wealth, prestige, privilege and power. Therefore, MFP had to be blocked from assuming power by any and all means necessary.

The MFP policy platform was a frontal assault on the oft commented upon military-monarchy relationship. It was seen as an assault on the grey military businesses that generate billions in revenue for the generals to distribute to their patrons. The loss of such revenue is tantamount to breaking the link of military leaders and potential constituents, jeopardizing the military leaderships’ position in the Thai social hierarchy through the removal of entrenched business interests that derive massive revenue due to government largesse and recalibrating the labor/business relationship. This was epitomized in the massive drop in energy stocks seen on May 15 and their subsequent rebound as MFP was shunted aside.

MFP’s platform, while ambitious, also betrayed a lack of pragmatism and foresight and is rooted in ideological rigidity. The idea that the ruling elite would allow such social change is indicative of sophomoric political hubris.

The MFP policy platform is also a byproduct of the nature of Move Forward’s bottom up and non-traditional approach to politics. It seems reasonable to conclude that there are two primary forces at play with Move Forward; 1) an idealism of politics as the arena to achieve the greater good and 2) a political party that is at times led by its voter base rather that the traditional party first approach which is common in Thai politics.

The return of former PM Thaksin and the endorsement of a Pheu Thai prime minister signals a significant agreement between the Thai elites and their former bitter rivals. While Thaksin may temporarily be in custody, his party is once again at the helm of the Thai government and the MFP is left to wait for another election in the opposition seat.

While some may argue that this time may best be used by MFP to develop a more pragmatic approach to dealing with the ruling elites in parliament, it is also a time for MFP to expose the corruption and incompetence of the new coalition government, to coalesce the young, the liberal, the disenfranchised and the antiestablishment actors into a movement capable of opposing the current institutional intransigence. Without such mobilization, MFP’s 3Ds and much of its policy platform will only exist on paper and Thailand will likely see more Frankenstein governments in the future.

William J. Jones Mahidol University International College, Thailand

Douglas L. Rhein Mahidol University International College, Thailand

[expeditiontolife]

AN EXPEDITION TO LIVING

Introduction to travel

Travel is the act of journeying from one place to another, fostering social interaction, economic growth, and personal development. It encompasses various activities and transportation modes, connecting people worldwide and offering diverse experiences from cultural immersion to personal growth. Its impacts on infrastructure, tourism, and cultural exchange are substantial, demanding responsible practices for sustainable preservation. Reasons for travel range from leisure and business to education, adventure, and escapism, even extending to volunteer work and wellness pursuits. The history of travel dates back to prehistoric migrations, with early humans navigating continents for survival. Prehistoric civilizations witnessed travel for trade, diplomacy, and religious pilgrimages, while the Romans established a sophisticated road network, setting the stage for modern-day travel experiences and infrastructure.

Medieval and Renaissance Europe saw a decline in travel due to the crumbling Roman infrastructure, yet holy pilgrimages persisted. The Renaissance sparked a renewed interest in travel, expanding the known world through explorers like Columbus, Magellan, and Polo. The Age of Exploration marked a quest for power and resources, with Columbus’s voyages leading to the transformative Columbian Exchange. The Industrial Revolution enabled long-distance travel via steamships and railways, democratizing travel through Thomas Cook’s package tours. The 20th century brought technological breakthroughs like cars, planes, and high-speed trains, fostering a rise in global tourism. The digital age and the internet revolutionized travel planning and sharing experiences globally. While presenting opportunities, travel faces challenges like environmental damage and the recent COVID-19 crisis, revealing its vulnerability. Future travel holds promises of space tourism, sustainable practices, and advanced technology reshaping the industry.

Solo travel

Solo travel has become increasingly popular, appealing to those seeking personal growth and unique cultural experiences. While offering freedom and confidence, it can also lead to feelings of loneliness and safety concerns. Preparation through research, communication, and appropriate insurance is crucial for a secure journey. Recent trends in solo travel include solo-friendly accommodations, specialized group tours, digital nomadism, and an emphasis on eco-friendly practices. Popular destinations for solo travelers include Southeast Asia, Europe, South America, New Zealand, and Japan.

The emotional journey of solo travel encompasses various stages. Anticipation brings a mix of excitement and apprehension, while the experience often fosters unexpected connections and friendships, transcending cultural and linguistic barriers. Moments of joy and wonder arise from exploring new places, savoring local cuisines, and discovering hidden treasures. Solo travel provides an opportunity for introspection and self-discovery, allowing travelers to confront their own narratives and values. Upon returning, nostalgia may set in, serving as both a reminder of cherished memories and a catalyst for future adventures.

In summary, solo travel entails a range of emotions, including eagerness, empowerment, loneliness, connection, anxiety, joy, self-discovery, and nostalgia. It serves as a powerful tool for exploring both the inner self and the outer world, offering a fulfilling experience despite its emotional challenges and uncertainties.

 

Phases of Travel

The travel journey comprises three key stages.

Dreaming marks the initial phase, where travelers envision and long for new adventures, igniting a sense of excitement and appreciation for the world’s possibilities. Planning follows, converting aspirations into concrete itineraries through destination research, budgeting, and logistical considerations. Booking, the practical realization of plans, involves securing flights, accommodation, and transport, shaping the nature of the journey.

Experiencing signifies the beginning and end, immersing travelers in new locales and activities, prompting emotional growth and lasting memories. Sharing extends the journey, enabling reflection and inspiration through blogs and social media, fostering connections and global understanding.

ANYWHERE WE ROAM

A Mesmerizing Journey to Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu

Nestled in the Western Ghats, Kodaikanal is a picturesque hill station that had long beckoned me. In July, my parents and I embarked on a four-day adventure to this misty wonderland. The journey from Madurai Airport, enveloped in thick fog, was the start of our enchanting experience. Our stay at Stirling and Club Mahindra, exploration of natural wonders, and savoring local cuisine made our trip unforgettable.

Day 2: was all about exploring Kodaikanal’s natural beauty. We rowed on Kodaikanal Lake, enjoying the serene waters and misty surroundings. Coaker’s Walk offered panoramic views amidst the clouds, and local cuisine delighted our taste buds.

Day 3: took us to renowned landscapes like Coakers Walk, Pillar Rocks, and Silver Cascade Waterfall. Nature’s beauty in the misty settings captivated us.

Day 4: mixed adventure with nostalgia. The Green Valley Viewpoint and Bear Shola Falls provided stunning views and thrilling experiences.

Our journey left an indelible mark, with comfortable stays, natural beauty, delicious cuisine, and warm hospitality making Kodaikanal a misty wonderland we’ll cherish forever. It reminded us of life’s simple pleasures and nature’s enchantment. Kodaikanal will always have a special place in our hearts, a misty escape we’d return to gladly.

THE ABROAD TRAVEL

Exploring History and Majesty in Germany and Switzerland

In spring 2018, my family and I embarked on a captivating two-week expedition across Germany and Switzerland. Our journey combined historical immersion in Germany and the breathtaking natural beauty of Switzerland, complemented by delightful cuisines and the warmth of the locals we met. Our historical exploration in Germany took us to sites like the Holocaust Memorial, the Berlin Wall Memorial, the Topography of Terror Documentation Center, and Nuremberg’s remnants of the Nazi Party Rally Grounds, offering a profound insight into the country’s past. 

Transitioning to Switzerland, we were enamored by the majestic allure of Mount Titlis and Mount Pilatus, enjoying panoramic views of the Swiss Alps. Our culinary escapades included savoring traditional German dishes and indulging in Swiss delicacies like fondue and chocolates. The welcoming nature of the people we encountered added a meaningful touch to our journey. Our unforgettable adventure fostered a deeper understanding of history, a connection with nature’s grandeur, and a profound gratitude for the enriching diversity of our world.

New Year’s Adventure in Mussoorie

Nestled in the Himalayan lap, Mussoorie holds a special place in my heart. Last New Year’s, my family and I embarked on a thrilling journey, from the tranquil seclusion of a forest resort to the bustling charm of Mall Road and the awe-inspiring Kempty Falls. Our exploration of the infamous Lambi Dhar Mines added an element of intrigue to our backpacking adventure.

Our journey began with a scenic drive to Mussoorie, where we found solace in a secluded resort surrounded by lush forests. The tranquil ambiance and crisp mountain air revitalized us, setting the tone for our nature-filled expedition.

A stroll along the vibrant Mall Road offered a taste of local life, with its bustling markets and tantalizing street food. The highlight was the ropeway ride to Gun Hill, where we were treated to breathtaking panoramic views of the town and the Himalayan peaks.

A visit to Char Dukan for a hearty breakfast and a leisurely walk along Camel’s Back Road provided a glimpse of Mussoorie’s simpler times and stunning natural beauty. The charm of the quaint shops and the serenity of the surroundings left an indelible mark.

No trip to Mussoorie is complete without witnessing the majestic Kempty Falls. The journey through lush forests heightened our anticipation, and the thundering cascade, crystal-clear waters, and lush green valley left us in awe of nature’s wonders.

Fuelled by adventure, we ventured into the Lambi Dhar Mines, embracing the spine-tingling exploration of the abandoned tunnels. The eerie silence, rusty remnants, and ghostly echoes transported us to a haunting era, leaving us with vivid memories of our daring escapade.

Our New Year’s adventure in Mussoorie was a testament to the allure of the untamed. From the tranquility of the forest resort to the vibrancy of the Mall Road and the haunting mystery of the mines, every moment was a treasure. As we departed, we carried with us a profound appreciation for the region’s natural beauty and historical charm, a reminder that the best experiences often lie off the beaten path, waiting to be discovered.

Travel and the Global Economy

Tourism’s profound impact on the global economy is explored in this vlog, highlighting its contributions to GDP growth, job creation, and cultural exchange. The industry’s diverse roles, from fostering entrepreneurship to promoting cross-cultural connections, are discussed. Travel’s pivotal role in foreign exchange earnings is underscored, along with its potential to drive technological innovation and preserve cultural heritage. Challenges such as over tourism, environmental impact, and socioeconomic disparities are outlined, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and equitable development. Ultimately, the vlog emphasizes travel’s transformative potential beyond leisure, shaping economies and fostering global unity.

Modern-Day Travel

A World of Possibilities

In the contemporary era, travel has undergone a significant overhaul, encompassing technological innovations, personalized experiences, sustainability, and diverse adventures. The evolution of travel is evident through digital nomadism, wellness retreats, culinary tourism, and the rise of solo and multigenerational travel. Enhanced safety measures and the influence of social media have contributed to its accessibility and popularity. Changing accommodation trends, including alternative stays and boutique hostels, have broadened travelers’ choices. Modern-day travel is characterized by its dynamism, reflecting a desire for authentic experiences and a deeper connection with the world. The future of travel promises continued advancements and exciting opportunities for exploration and discovery.

[tumovs]

"Unveiling the Unstoppable Surge of TikTok: How This Global Phenomenon is Revolutionizing Social Media, Commerce, and Beyond!"

Diving Deep into TikTok's Unstoppable Revolution: Witnessing the Phenomenon That's Reshaping Social Media, Commerce, and More - A Must-Read Journey! TikTok's meteoric rise is not only reshaping the landscape of social media, but it's also ushering in profound cross-industry effects that extend into e-commerce, digital advertising, and payments, among other areas. Let's delve into this transformative phenomenon.

Initially introduced as Douyin by ByteDance in 2016, TikTok made its global debut in 2018 and has since established a presence in 154 countries, reaching a remarkable milestone of 1 billion users faster than any other social platform.

At its core, TikTok's success is rooted in simplicity: a video-sharing app that empowers users to effortlessly create and share short videos. Its standout feature, however, lies in its algorithmic prowess, which rapidly curates videos from its expansive database based on user preferences. Unlike conventional platforms, TikTok doesn't rely on established networks for virality, allowing anyone to achieve global recognition without an extensive follower count.

Statistics underscore TikTok's influence, with users dedicating an average of over 1.5 hours to the platform, primarily comprising Generation Z (individuals born between the late 1990s and early 2000s). In the #US, TikTok has become the premier video destination, outshining its social media counterparts. The emulation of TikTok's model by industry giants such as #Meta, #YouTube, #Pinterest, and Netflix is a testament to its disruptive impact.

Expanding beyond its humorous video content, TikTok is instigating paradigm shifts in various sectors. Notably, within digital advertising, projections indicate a substantial leap in TikTok's ad revenues, soaring from $13 billion in 2022 to $44 billion by 2027. Concurrently, TikTok Douyin's revenue in China is predicted to rise from $28 billion to $76 billion. By 2027, global online video advertising is set to generate over $331 billion, with TikTok commanding 37% of these earnings, equivalent to $120 billion. In comparison, the combined presence of YouTube and Meta is estimated at 24% or $77 billion.

On the e-commerce frontier, TikTok's foray into live shops embedded within user profiles (deployed in regions like the #UK, Southeast #Asia, and the US) enables in-app purchases, potentially paving the way for live-stream shopping to become a pivotal e-commerce trend. In #China, TikTok's direct in-app sales are substantially challenging established e-commerce titans like JD and Alibaba. Douyin's strategic focus on "interest e-commerce," driven by users' passions, signifies a multidimensional approach to consumer engagement encompassing short videos, livestreams, and searches.

This seismic shift reminds us that the world is evolving rapidly, surpassing some in its velocity of change.

Join me in uncovering the seismic shifts powered by socialmedia- from reshaping social landscapes to igniting a commerce evolution. Let’s ride this wave of transformation together! Don’t miss out – hit that follow button for more captivating insights. 🚀🔥

#TikTokRevolution #StayInformed #TikTokTransforms #SocialShiftsUnveiled #CommerceEvolution #TrendingTikTok #InnovationUnleashed #rtumovs #tumovs

[youngsoutheastasianleaders]

YSEALI Seeds: Recycle Dalat

About the Project

Established in January 2022, Recycle Dalat is a non-profit project. We aim to protect the environment with a commitment to create and maintain a community with a green lifestyle, who love Da Lat centered on 3 areas: Cognition · Recycle · Afforestation.

Why do you care about this specific topic/issue?

Vietnam is one of the largest plastic polluters globally, discharging ~1.8 million tons of plastic waste into the environment annually. Vietnam also loses ~2,430 hectares of forest annually. These 2 problems both contribute to all 3 of the Triple Planetary Crisis - climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution - making them critical issues to tackle should we wish to protect the environment.

Why did you decide to start this project?

As a young person born and raised in Da Lat, I (Nghi) witnessed Da Lat's economic development and the problems that came with said development. One problem was waste, and its effect on the quality of life of my fellow Da Lat citizens.

Instead of waiting for someone to do something for Da Lat, a mountainous area, I decided take matters into my own hands. Recycle Dalat was thus born, to contribute to a cleaner, greener, and prettier Da Lat.

Lee, Hnin, Aung and I are alumni for the YSEALI Fall 2022 Academic Fellowship Program to Hawaii. Through the program, we discovered that we work well together and have similar interests in tackling environmental problems. Together with the help of my mentor, Hanh, we further developed the project. We took advantage of my existing connections and network in Da Lat, Vietnam; Yang’s critical and creative thinking skills, having designed an environmental card game in Singapore; Aung and Hnin’s passion and drive, as well as their communication skills and dedication to protect the environment. Hanh, my mentor, is a well-connected individual in Vietnam who also helped significantly with the project. He is also very experienced as he has been working on the afforestation program. Together, the team represents talented and ambitious youths from around Southeast Asia that are ready to drive impact through a project that is for Southeast Asia, by Southeast Asians.

What are your goals for this project?

Recycle Dalat attempts to protect the environment and develop a community with a green lifestyle. At the end of the project, we hope to:

Increase plastics collection and recycling rates in Da Lat, Vietnam, with aims to inspire more than 100 youths to adopt the habit of recycling plastics and to treat more than 2,000 kg of plastic waste.

Plant more than 3,500 trees over 3 hectares of land in Vietnam through our partnership with the JOY Foundation, and inspire 1000 youths to participate in the tree planting.

Develop Vietnamese youths into future leaders and help them build connections with their peers from Myanmar and Singapore through our 5-week long online workshop with 100 Southeast Asian youths, 15 social media articles outreach, 1 plastic exhibition and 50 sets of prototype environmental card games. In total, we wish to reach 20,000 youths.

How will YSEALI Seeds help you achieve your goals?

YSEALI Seeds provided us with the financial resources required to scale the project. Most of our activities would not be able to be conducted at scale without the YSEALI Seeds grant. We also found that working at a sufficiently large scale makes it easier for us to find partners.

YSEALI Seeds also help us more easily build connections with various organizations, as Recycle Dalat can leverage the YSEALI Seeds branding to more easily convince others to partner with us.

What have you accomplished and implemented so far?

The Recycle Dalat held a total of 3 exhibitions on 20, 21 May, 22 May at the SOS Village, Pedagogical College of Dalat and Yersin University respectively. In total, 660 participants joined our exhibition over the three days. We also collected a total of 738 kg of recyclable waste. 110 kg of low-valuable plastic waste were sent to Plastic People in Ho Chi Minh City, and the remaining waste that can't be recycled in Da Lat were sent to the local recycling facility. We are in the process of planning our online workshop. We have received 269 applications for it, and have confirmed 2 of the 3 guest speakers. We are planning plant 4,000 trees in June, with the saplings growing well in a nursery.

What are the most significant lessons learned you've experienced so far?

To always have back-up plans. From the start of our project, we constantly experienced partners who canceled on us last minute despite numerous confirmations on their end. This means that as much as possible, the team has learned to complete tasks in-house and organize our own events instead of relying on other organizations. Adopting a better safe-than-sorry mindset is draining on our resources, but also provides a peace of mind that the project can still run smoothly in the event of a worst case scenario.

What are the success stories you can share with others who would like to do the same type of activity and/or project like yours?

Our 2 biggest success stories are our in-person plastic exhibitions and the amount of recyclable waste we have collected thus far.

Our in-person plastic event was a great success. Despite our event being held at poor time slots (such as weekends, holidays or during examination periods), many students still came to support our event. In total, we received 660 students over 3 exhibitions at 3 different schools. The students were also very enthusiastic about our workshop and brought 147 kg of recyclable waste for us. This was around two-thirds of all the recyclable waste we collected in May. We also received a lot of positive feedback from the students and were pleased that they enjoyed the event. We hope that this positive feeling towards recycling can stay with them forever and inspire them to continue doing so in their everyday lives.

We have also collected ⅓ of our goal for recyclable waste, having collected 738 of 2000 kg of recyclable waste. This was done in partnership with various schools, organizations and the members of the community. We also reached the milestone sooner than we expected, which was around July-August. When walking around Da Lat and looking at the clean streets, we feel proud knowing that our home is clean in part due to the project.

[vomitdodger]

Excellent article from Dr Malones sub stack talking about the 5th generation warfare we find ourselves in. Cut and paste of key explanation below:

First-generation warfare, which was fought between 1648 and 1860, introduced the monopoly of a state to wage war. Before that, tribes and businesses could also wage war. First-generation warfare marked the culture of order, with identifiable rules of ranks and military uniforms to counter the increasing disorderliness in the battlefields. This generation of warfare was mainly dominated by mass manpower.

The second generation of warfare was introduced by the French army and it ended with World War I. This generation introduced artillery, airplanes, and heavy gunfire, while preserving the culture of order established during the first generation. Second- generation warfare soldiers were relieved of hand-to-hand combat and obedience guided by rules took precedence over self-initiatives. This generation of warfare was mainly dominated by firepower.

The third generation, maneuver warfare, was a German product and it was used during World War II. This generation of warfare introduced the tactical warfare of surprise, applying the motto “bypassing and undermining” the enemy. In this generation, initiative was preferred to obedience guided by self-discipline. This generation of warfare was mainly dominated by maneuver tactics of warfare.

Fourth-generation warfare (4GW)—which rose to prominence over the last five to six decades—brought the most radical change since the Peace of Westphalia by introducing non-state actors in warfare and by denying the state a monopoly. … Fourth-generation warfare is mainly dominated by the asymmetric tactic of using non-state actors. This generation ended the state monopoly of the use of force and included cultures, tribes, sects, and mercenaries into warfare, going back to pre-Westphalian era warfare. In 4GW, there is no distinction between wartime and peacetime, because non-state actors use force both during war and in peacetime through asymmetric strategies, using mainly unlawful force and blurring the lines for the lawful use of force by taking refuge behind human shields and by blaming collateral damages on the state. This practice also merges combatants with noncombatants and vice-versa; asymmetric warfare strategies are this generation’s default mode, and 4GW lasts a long time. Lind correctly believes that currently there exists no military solution to 4GW; as Michael Howard found, modern warfare strategy is not purely a military undertaking but instead consists of political, social, economic, cultural, and psychological elements and actions.

Note that the United States has consistently lost 4GW wars from Vietnam to the present, which have primarily been fought in Southeast Asia and the Middle East. The catastrophically mismanaged Afghanistan withdrawal is the latest example proving the point. From this we can conclude that 4GW is an effective strategy when engaging in asymmetric battle with a technically superior (from a 3GW perspective) Imperialist foe. Good to know. Park that for future reference in the event that the Globalists succeed in having their way with us.

Fifth-generation warfare (5GW) is the battle of perceptions and information. 5GW is also a cultural and moral war, which distorts the perception of the masses to give a manipulated view of the world and politics. ….

Slog defines 5GW as the secret deliberative manipulation of actors, networks, institutions, states or any [0GW, 1GW] 2GW/3GW/4GW forces to achieve a goal or set of goals across a combination of socioeconomic and political domains while attempting to avoid or minimize the retaliatory offensive or defensive actions/reactions of 2GW, 3GW, 4GW powered actors, networks, institutions, and/ or states. (Purples Slog, 5GW Working Definition, 0.91, in THE HANDBOOK OF 5GW 213, 213 (Daniel H. Abbott ed., 2010))

5GW is the battle of perceptions and information. In 5GW, violence is so discreetly dispersed that the victim is not even aware that it is a victim of war and the victim is not aware that it is losing the war. The secrecy of this warfare makes it the most dangerous warfare generation of all time. This warfare hides in the background, and “the most successful [fifth generation] wars are wars that are never identified.”

5GW is also a cultural and moral war, which distorts the perception of the masses to give a manipulated view of the world and politics. By contrast, 4GW has mainly used asymmetric means, such as the use of non-state actors. Lind’s portrayal of 4GW in moral and cultural territory is somewhat similar to Abbott’s analysis of 5GW, which departs from the cultural rage of the population as depicted in 4GW, and which considers the perception of the conflict’s context as a main focal point of analysis. The 5GW of perception and context combines the “rage of the people” and the “rationality of the state” to form an intended outcome of warfare, rendering military command useless.

5GW exploits cultural icons and religious sentiments to defeat an opponent. Any means of creating political support of the masses is a valid tactic, similar to other military warfare tactics, like the troop surge in Iraq. Abbott argues that an enraged mob, professional soldiers, and other irregular means can constitute destructive forces. According to him, information proliferation in warfare has technologically designed practices of warfare that obviate the requirement of violence and the direct physical involvement of the aggressors; instead, the information through networks and surveillance manipulates and exploits the public’s general perceptions. Sun Tzu defines this tactic of altering the perspectives of the world as the “acme of skill [a victory without fighting].” The effectiveness of 5GW depends on its disparity: it does not require any unity in its efforts and instead, the more a warfare is dispersed in its efforts, the more immune and effective it becomes.

Wars of perception are 5GW, with information being the weapon, due to increased technology of cyberspace, media, social media, the noticeability of these tactics of deception and propaganda backed by identity construction and misperception, and the power of shaping the will of the adversary.

Since the proliferation of information decides the ultimate victory of future wars, centricity is less effective than the absence of weak links. 5GW is the battle between the absolute concentration of power (aggressor) on one end, and the absence of power on the other, and this battle compels the enemy to achieve the desired outcome without using violence. Information about the desired political world perspective is entrenched through manipulating the culture at the unconscious level, rendering it impossible for the conscious mind to even detect it and heavily influencing the political division to obtain the desired outcomes.

Adversaries are powerless to defend themselves against this infiltration of perspectives, and if they understand this change and infiltration, they will often mistake the aggressor’s true political motivation with distorted perceptions and with the manipulated information of diplomacy and propaganda. In effective 5GW, the embedded influence of perspective is harmonized with violence. This warfare of perspective makes the fifth generation “an influence, an idea, a thing invulnerable, intangible, without front and back, drifting about like a gas.” This is a kind of silent war, a “war where the war and political desires are visible but the combatants and the strategic forms of power used in the war are invisible, [not truly energetic] and lean towards . . . influence.” This concept of [silent] war was developed by Kautilya, as explained by Boesche:

“[S]ilent war is a kind of fighting that no other thinker I know of has discussed. Silent war is a kind of warfare with another kingdom in which the king and his ministers—and unknowingly, the people—all act publicly as if they were at peace with the opposing kingdom, but all the while secret agents and spies are assassinating important leaders in the other kingdom, creating divisions among key ministers and classes, and spreading propaganda and disinformation. . . . . In silent warfare, secrecy is paramount, and . . . the king can prevail only by “maintaining secrecy when striking again and again.”

Previously, war aimed at gaining greater visibility of violence and energy, but currently the desired outcome is to influence rather than being visible, with the defeated target not knowing the fact that it is being attacked, how it is being hit or even or that that the enemy exists.

In this battle of the minds, a cyberwar is taking place, turning ordinary people into insurgents against their own governments through propaganda and misinformation. This tactic creates leaderless resilience comprised of a phantom cell structure without any headquarters or hierarchical orders; where people within the movement have the same general outlook, the same philosophy, and where they react similarly and target perceived tyrannical state governments.

Every independent person has the responsibility of acquiring the skills and intelligence to be able to execute a mission by himself, coordinated by an emergent network, connected through [o]rgans of information distribution such as newspapers, leaflets, computers, etc., which are widely available to all, keep each person informed of events, allowing for a planned response that will take many variations. No one need issue an order . . . . . Those idealist [sic] truly committed to the cause of freedom will act when they feel when the time is ripe, or will take their cue from others who precede them. According to Beam’s definition, 5GW manipulates the perception of reality of the adversary, stealing the identity of the adversary and the identity of the host in the process, and works on an identity-constructivist framework of international politics.

[levynite]

KUALA LUMPUR: The tiny and sombre young woman in the red long-sleeved blouse – one of only two she had with her – hung back while her three towering male friends laughed boisterously and talked animatedly outside a restaurant in the border town of Mae Sot, Thailand.

The group of young adults – their ages ranging from 19 to 25 – had reason to be joyful. A few days before on Feb 3, they were rescued from KK Garden, located on the Myanmar side of the Myanmar-Thai border. KK Garden’s giant compound has been making the news lately as the base for several scamming centres where hundreds of trafficked Malaysians were reportedly forced to work as online scammers.

Nur Fitriani Abdullah, more commonly known as Fi, remained largely quiet throughout dinner, answering questions posed to her politely but did not volunteer any extra information. It took several meetings before she finally warmed up enough to smile and talk.

Coming from a broken home, the 19-year-old told Bernama she was used to being on her own. The diminutive Batu Pahat native has been forced to support herself since her grandfather, who had been her guardian, passed away over a year ago. His death also forced her to drop out of school without sitting for her Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia examination.

So when she saw a Facebook advertisement looking for Malaysians to work in housekeeping at a hotel in Singapore for US$1,100 (RM4,923), it seemed like an answer to her prayers.

“(Because of) Singapore and the big salary, I thought okay, I can try doing this job. I decided to go on my own. If okay, then I would ask my boyfriend to join me,” she said.

Instead, her 25-year-old boyfriend Kamil Abdul Hamid decided to come along. Without a passport, she and Kamil were smuggled into Thailand across the Golok River and then the Moei River that runs between Myanmar and Thailand in mid-September 2022.

Her tale largely echoes that of others from Malaysia and other countries who ended up in Cambodia, Laos or Myanmar after answering fraudulent job advertisements or love appeals online.

While job or love scams and the trafficking of people falling for them are not a new problem, the methods used and locations of the victims and victimisers have changed with the times. With the advent of social media and digital technology and Covid-19 pandemic restrictions creating more desperate people, job scams and trafficking have become worse.

And experts say there is little sign of this illicit activity stopping, making the masterminds rich with little risk and leaving many victims traumatised and in worse straits.

What’s changed

Malaysia is one of several transit points for human trafficking in Southeast Asia. Where Malaysia used to be a country of destination for trafficked migrant workers and asylum-seekers, it is now becoming a country of origin for trafficking.

The Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific at the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) spokesman Itayi Viriri told Bernama​ that job scams and trafficking of victims have changed beyond the usual established recruitment methods and corridors.

“The kind of numbers we are seeing now and the diversity of the nationalities of the victims, that is completely unprecedented. In fact, we don’t think we have seen that kind of trafficking set up ever before. We think that also says something about the way social networks and online media can be used,” he told Bernama in an email.

Cambodia and Laos used to be the favourite spots for these syndicates but they seem to be losing their lustre in favour of Myanmar. News reports have pegged the troubled ASEAN state, which is suffering from lawlessness and civil strife following the military coup in 2021 and decades-old separatist movements, as the new favourite.

The profiles of victims have also changed. Where syndicates used to target poor and low-skilled workers for the fishery and agriculture industries, now they are recruiting those with some education, Internet-savviness and some skills in English and/or Chinese.

“The way that they choose countries to traffic (victims), it isn’t based on the Asian region, it’s based on English education. It’s English education and Chinese language. They want Chinese translation and English (writers) to run online scams. Malaysians have strong English compared to other countries like Thailand, which has none,” said Judah Tana, founder and international executive officer of Mae Sot-based charity Global Advance Projects.

The US State Department, non-governmental organisations and other experts claim many of the crime syndicates and organised crime elements are from or involve people associated with China. Their middle management tends to be from the same countries as the victims, which means there are Malaysians working willingly as supervisors.

Experts also say the Internet and transnational nature of the offence have made it harder to curb and bring scammers to justice, though not impossible.

Modus operandi

Trafficking people who fall for the job and love scams follow a certain script, according to victims, activists and rescuers. It usually starts with a fraudulent job offer overseas that over-promises or an invitation to chat online with a pretty and receptive girl.

Once hooked, the victim meets up with the recruiter/scammer either locally and is smuggled across the border or receives money or a plane ticket to fly into a transit country. In this case, it is Thailand.

Often, the promised job is elsewhere. Victims only find out the destination has changed after they have embarked on their journey.

Once in Thailand, someone from the company meets the victims and confiscates their passports. Along the journey to the company site, guards keep a close watch on the victims, changing cars and guards every few hours. Security becomes tighter.

The chance to run away diminishes with every step of the way. Victims have reported wanting to escape but were too scared or did not know how and from whom to seek help.

When they reach their final destination – KK Garden in Myawaddy for Fi and friends – they receive their job description, which is to scam people online. If they want to leave, their new “employers” tell them they have to pay the syndicate back the recruitment fees (believed to be RM10,000 per head) and transportation costs.

Fi was devastated when she found out she had been tricked.

“I was thinking, why didn’t they just tell us straight from the start, right? I really regret coming here. Because we know the work is illegal, we don’t want to do the job. But when they threatened me, I thought I would have to work or else I would not be able to leave,” she said.

The syndicate told her and Kamil they had to pay the company RM60,000 each. Her friends, Adam Iskandar Tukiman and Nur Akmar Hamsan, were told they owed the company RM40,000 each.

Their supervisor gave them targets to satisfy. Depending on how successful they were at scamming people, they got perks and cash. If they failed, they got punished with physical exercise.

Anyone who fought back would get beaten, tortured or locked in the isolation chamber. Other threats include being sold off for organ harvesting and thrown into Moei River, which is supposedly inhabited by crocodiles.

Fi said their supervisor would threaten to rape her to keep Kamil in line and to torture Kamil to keep her in line. The threats worked.

Experts say this is forced labour and debt bondage, manipulating and forcing victims to work to pay for the debt they supposedly accrued and for their freedom. The more successful they are, the shorter their stay is. Sometimes, victims turn victimisers as they become successful at scamming and receive lucrative rewards from the company.

Tana, who said he has helped rescue almost 100 trafficked victims, told Bernama the way the syndicates work on victims is almost like a brainwashing programme.

“You can’t say that (brainwashing) has not happened to them in some way, shape or form. That they decided it was okay and they can manage to stay there,” he said.

Aftermath

Fi, Kamil, Adam and Nur Akmar were rescued on Feb 3. Armed with information from Teruntum assemblyman Sim Chon Siang, a contingent from the Thai Army went into Myawaddy looking for them. Bangkok-based Malaysian businessman Victor Wong provided information on a fifth victim Lee Zhi Chong, who was also rescued.

Over a month later, Fi still feels guilt for falling for the scam, for agreeing to take Kamil along and for scamming people for money to save herself. Now, she tells people to be very careful when seeking riches overseas.

She and Kamil are no longer together. She told Bernama via WhatsApp that some of his family members blamed her for him getting trafficked.

“But I’m not hurt because it was my mistake in the first place even though I did not ask him to come along and he decided to come with me. But it’s okay, what happened happened. We need to move on and live our lives,” she said.

[vistaspr22]

CAROU-SOLD

Singapore, a multiethnic city-state in Southeast Asia, has been celebrated as a multi-racial and multi-religious society. Racial and religious harmony has always been crucial for Singapore's social cohesion, so much so that the constitution enshrines multiracialism which is included when national policies are formulated concerning education, housing, and politics. The population of Singapore is diverse, the result of considerable past immigration. The Chinese predominate, making up some three-fourths of the total, followed by Malays and Indians.

House hunting or renting in Singapore is highly tedious. The statutory body - Housing and Development Board is responsible for the country’s public housing. Flats provided by the HDB are aimed at being as an affordable form of housing for lower-income Singaporean households. The other privately rentable properties or apartments are extremely expensive as they lie under the tier of condominiums or bungalows on the West Coast, which only high income foreigners can afford. As for upper-middle-class Indian and Malay citizens, who opt for HDBs or cheaper flats in the city-state.

Carousell is the leading networking site to get in touch with landlords or possible flat owners to rent a house in Singapore. It has a high traffic rate and is trusted amongst local natives to connect with tenants. However, rental discrimination is an issue that is highly prevalent on the network. Carousell portrays landlord profiles that can tag "racial preferences" for potential tenants. These comments are extremely racist and discriminatory towards one particular race – Indians.

"Owner prefers non-Indian tenants."

“Only same race individuals welcome.”

“NOT ALL RACES WELCOMED”

"Neighbors don't prefer curry-smelling kitchens and the noise of puja bells and smoke from Agarbatti."

These comments are not restricted to solely nationality, but extend to their lifestyle, food and eating practices - a fact that Indian local natives have attested to. This created a lot of tension amongst citizens and trouble for Carousell. The app was questioned for being a primary platform for citizens who propagate racial discrimination. People called for the boycott of Carousell and suggested moving to different platforms.

To add to their existing troubles, Carousell has also been involved in housing scams. Not only is retail costly in Singapore, but also vacationing. One couple lost $500,000 SGD to a Carousell seller while availing a property for their vacation. Though the seller had good reviews and ratings, he charged a cancellation advance to the couple without making a secure booking. He promised to pay them back and sent his bank statement as proof and still siphoned off huge amounts of money from them continuously through the year. While Carousell provides protection and encryption for users, it is highly inefficient. When asked for a refund, the couple were asked to verify their Terms of Use properly and be wary while choosing their seller. Another seller on Carousell cheated people for more than $200,000 SGD. He posted items for checkout that were highly-priced electronics and would not deliver any once the buyer transferred the money via PayNow, the local Singaporean UPI app.

In the latest turn of events, Carousell has posted “Maids for Sale”, an advertisement that “sells” female domestic help, implying these working women as objects of trade. The ‘maids’ in question are migrants from Myanmar, Indonesia and neighbouring countries where the domestic worker industry runs amok without regulation. Carousell was fined $80,000 SD and received international outrage from NGOs.

Users of Carousell have started deleting their accounts as the platform did not take any responsibility for their users and instead asked the buyers themselves to be wary as consumers. Carousell’s market price and share are rapidly decreasing and their user base is falling at a very quick rate. Important stakeholders and partners are threatening to resign from the company. The public calls the app a shame to the country's "safest in the world" and "multicultural" accolades.

TASK AT HAND:

As the PR Head of Carousell, you are required to restore your heavily tarnished public image. Deliverables required but not restricted to:

• Executive Summary

• Defense Strategies as to why corrective action was not taken

•PR strategies 

• Press Release

• Creatives

Deadline to Submit: 10:00 am , 21st September, 2022

Contact Sanjana (+91 99640 09900) for any doubts regarding this round!

[globalworship]

Global Arts at EMS - Reconciliation: God's Mission through Missions for All

EMS NATIONAL CONFERENCE 

The Evangelical Missiological Society (EMS) will be at Dallas International University on Oct. 7 & 8, focusing on “Reconciliation: God's Mission through Missions for All.” 

Early-bird pricing ends August 31st, so don't wait to register—it gets expensive after that. An online (Zoom) option is available for those who can't join us in Dallas.

See the draft schedule with presentation titles and a link for registering here: https://www.emsweb.org/conferences/annual/

+++

Nine of the seminars and panels are related to the use of arts:

Finding the Key: A Cathartic Interactive Art Installation in Houston (Anya Ezhevskaya - Dallas International University)

Breaking Down the Social 'Walls' through Visual Storytelling - Interracial Christian Partnership in Indiana (Kersten Priest)

The Reconciliation Cycle: Lives of Sacrifice and Meaning (Matt Taylor - To Every Tribe)

Creatives and Their Communities: Reconciliation through the Arts (Matt Menger - SIL International)

The Eucharistic Bread: Brokenness to Oneness, Remembrance to Foretaste (Melanie Henderson - Dallas International University)

God and The Meals: Feeding and Reaching the Souls through the Liturgical Arts in A Reformed Chinese Church in Indonesia (Carolien Tantra - Southeast Asia Bible Seminary, Indonesia)

Reconciliation through Remembering: Memorials as Places of Integration and Healing (Lydia Hreniuc - Dallas International University)

Neuroscience and the Arts: How Barriers to Reconciliation can be Addressed through Arts and Trauma Healing (Karen Kornelsen, SIL)

(PANEL) Applying Ethnodoxology to the Ministry of Reconciliation: A Conversation among Theologians, Church Leaders, Missiologists, and Ethnodoxologists - Elsen Portugal-Facilitator (Champion Christian College & Global Ethnodoxology Network), with Dr. Karen Fancher (Multnomah Univ),  Dr. Miguel Lopez (Duncanville First Baptist Church pastor), Dr. Al Tizon (North Park Seminary), and some arts track presenters.

I know eight of the presenters and panelists, and highly recommend their seminars.

+++

And don’t forget that there’s a “Watch Party” option that’s good for groups watching together. The watch party price is for groups (like schools, classes, or organizations) who want to watch the conference in one room remotely.

+++

The event features plenary speakers like Dr. Tony Evans, Dr. Karen Fancher, and Dr. Al Tizon.

[arkipelagic]

The South China Sea has been one of the world's busiest zones of cross-regional commerce, at least since the Iron Age if not much earlier. During the operation of the so-called Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere, about 500 BC through AD 100, sites in both Mainland and Island Southeast Asia shared distinctive styles of pottery, precious-stone and baked-clay jewelry, and other tangible markers of a sea-crossing trading network. Upon closer examination, the evidence from Vietnam and the Philippines suggests origins of cross-regional exchange at least as early as 1500 BC. Over time, different items were mobilized into systems that emphasized the same long-distance contact nodes in shifting configurations, creating complicated and evolving networks. Here we consider how trading partnerships were formed and maintained over successive generations and centuries, made possible by social and economic networking across the South China Sea.

[spookyloversong]

🌟 Let's talk venture capital investment strategies in emerging markets! 🚀💼

Venture capital isn't just about Silicon Valley anymore – it's spreading its wings into emerging markets, and the potential is sky-high! 🌍💰

🔍 Exploring New Frontiers: Emerging markets offer a treasure trove of untapped opportunities for venture capitalists. From Africa to Southeast Asia, these regions boast vibrant startup ecosystems hungry for investment.

💡 Unique Strategies for Unique Markets: Investing in emerging markets requires a different playbook. It's not just about finding the next unicorn; it's about understanding local dynamics, navigating regulatory landscapes, and fostering innovation in diverse cultural contexts.

📈 Early-Stage Investment: Many emerging markets are still in the early stages of their startup journey, presenting a prime opportunity for venture capitalists to get in on the ground floor. By providing seed and early-stage funding, VCs can fuel the growth of promising startups and nurture them into success stories.

🌱 Impact Investing: Venture capitalists in emerging markets often have a dual mandate: generating financial returns while also driving positive social and environmental impact. Impact investing is gaining traction as investors seek to address pressing issues such as poverty alleviation, healthcare access, and sustainable development.

💼 Partnerships and Collaborations: Navigating unfamiliar territories can be challenging, which is why collaboration is key. Venture capitalists often partner with local investors, accelerators, and incubators to leverage their expertise and networks. These partnerships can provide valuable insights and help mitigate risks.

🌐 Diversifying Portfolios: For venture capitalists looking to diversify their portfolios, emerging markets offer a wealth of opportunities. By allocating capital across different regions and industries, investors can spread risk and maximize potential returns.

In conclusion, venture capital investment in emerging markets is not without its challenges, but the rewards can be immense. It's an exciting frontier where innovation meets opportunity, and the possibilities are endless! 💫✨

[southeastasianists]

On May 14, 2023, a political earthquake shook the Thai body politic. Move Forward, the successor party to the disbanded Future Forward Party, unofficially won 151 of 500 House seats on the back of nearly 14.5 million popular votes, positioning Pita Limchareonlat to be Thailand’s 30th Prime Minister and the Move Forward Party (MFP), with its ideologically based reform agenda, in the driver’s seat of Thai policy. However, Pita and the MFP have failed to secure a coalition and now Thailand is in a political deadlock.  Broadly speaking, Thai society is divided.  Those on the right favor a conservative social agenda with the King as the head of state.  Those on the left of the Thai political spectrum are progressive, young, eager for social change and largely favor Western values such as freedom of speech, social equality and democracy.  Given the socio-political uncertainty, it is important to ask will Thailand rebalance its foreign policy towards the West, reversing the last decade of foreign policy direction? Or will Bangkok continue moving towards the embrace of the region’s burgeoning hegemon, China?

Dating back to the reign of King Rama IV, Thailand’s foreign policy has been one of ‘Bending with the Wind’. Bamboo diplomacy served Thailand well during the colonial period allowing Siam to be the only Southeast Asian country to resist formal colonization from Western powers. During the exceedingly dangerous Cold War, Thailand’s leadership positioned Thailand to move and negotiate, choosing sides. By having a legitimate foot in the Non-Aligned movement via Bandung, whilst being a major non-NATO security treaty partner with the United States, whilst opening relations with the PRC in advance of America’s withdrawal from the region in 1975, Thailand was able to survive, thrive and emerge from the Cold War in a position of regional leadership. By turning ‘Battlefields into Markets’ and embracing globalization, Thailand has done well for itself in the post-Cold War world, notwithstanding the previous 17 years of internal political instability. However, after the 2014 coup, Thailand’s military leadership and its 2019 quasi-military government have steered Thailand evermore towards Chinese markets, security cooperation and social intertwinement. It is the view of the authors that Thailand has largely abandoned ‘Bamboo Diplomacy’ and become dangerously dependent on China for its economic well-being. Thai security relationships have become unmoored from its traditional foundations, and this risks placing Thailand in a structurally disadvantageous position to its national security, sovereignty and independence. The authors will consider military ties, transnational criminal networks, and the economic and trade relations in agriculture and natural resources to advance the notion that a rebalancing towards ‘Western’ power centres is required to restore Thailand’s regional leadership and national security position.

[downincmi]

Bath Bombs Market Explosion: Unveiling the Ultimate in Relaxation

Bath bombs are fizzy and colorful bathing products made using essential oils, carrier oils, and fragrance that effervesce when placed in warm water. The products gently exfoliate and nourish the skin while releasing soothing fragrances. They provide benefits like relieving stress, anxiety, and pain.

The global bath bomb market is estimated to be valued at US$ 138.36 billion in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 4.0% over the forecast period from 2023 to 2030.

Key Takeaways

Key players operating in the bath bombs market are Lush Ltd., Body Shop International Limited, The Village Company LLC, Pearl Bath Bombs, Hugo Naturals, Level Naturals, Swanky Sweet Pea, Heavenly Bubbles Ltd, The Natural Soap Company, and Oliver Rocket LLC. These companies offer a wide variety of bath bomb products with innovative designs and natural ingredients.

The demand for bath bombs has been increasing significantly owing to the growing inclination towards self-care products and beauty regimes. The busier lifestyles have led to increased stress levels driving the demand for relaxation products like bath bombs. Moreover, the trend of gift-giving bath and body care products is also propelling the market growth.

The bath bomb market is expanding globally due to rising incomes, growing e-commerce channels, and increasing promotion through social media platforms. Major companies are focusing on emerging economies in Asia Pacific and Latin America for business expansion opportunities. Partnerships with spas, beauty stores, and hotels are boosting international sales.

Market Key Trends

One of the key trends witnessed in the bath bomb market is the launch of organic and vegan bath bomb products. Many brands are introducing natural ingredients-based bath bombs made using plant-based oils, essential oils, and no chemical dyes or parabens. Features like cruelty-free, allergen-free and sustainable packaging are increasingly attracting health-conscious consumers. The organic bath bombs segment is expected to grow at a high CAGR during the forecast period.

Porter's Analysis

Threat of new entrants: New companies can enter the bath bombs market easily as requirements for manufacturing bath bombs are relatively low. However, established brands have stronger brand recognition and distribution networks. Bargaining power of buyers: Buyers have moderate bargaining power in this market as there are numerous manufacturers and retailers providing bath bombs. However, certain brands have built strong customer loyalty based on quality and unique offerings.

Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is low due to the readily availability of raw materials used in bath bombs like citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, essential oils, and fragrances from multiple suppliers. Threat of new substitutes: New substitutes like shower melts, bath teas, and salts offer alternatives but don't offer the visual appeal and fizzing properties of bath bombs. Therefore, the threat of substitutes is low. Competitive rivalry: The market has several small and large players competing on the basis of product innovation, ingredients, and marketing. This leads to high competitive rivalry.

Geographical Regions

North America currently holds the highest value share in the bath bombs market owing to high consumer spending and popularity of bath and body products. Europe is another major region driven by innovation and focus on wellness trends in countries like the UK and Germany.

Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing regional market between 2023-2030 because of rising living standards, increasing disposable incomes, and growing popularity of aromatherapy and wellness products in countries like China, India and Southeast Asian nations.

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ERP software solutions in Myanmar

Navigating the Digital Landscape: Software Solutions and Digital Marketing in Thailand and Myanmar

In the dynamic realm of Southeast Asia's digital landscape, Thailand and Myanmar emerge as vibrant hubs for technological innovation and business growth. From cutting-edge software solutions to the burgeoning e-commerce sector, these countries showcase a burgeoning ecosystem ripe for exploration and investment. Let's delve into the key facets of digital marketing and software development in Thailand and Myanmar.

Digital Marketing in Thailand

Thailand's digital marketing scene is witnessing an unprecedented surge, fueled by a tech-savvy population and increasing internet penetration. With a vibrant social media culture and a rapidly evolving digital infrastructure, businesses are leveraging innovative strategies to capture the attention of their target audience.

In Bangkok, the heart of Thailand's business landscape, a plethora of IT companies specializing in digital marketing are flourishing. These firms offer comprehensive services ranging from search engine optimization (SEO) and pay-per-click (PPC) advertising to social media management and content marketing. Leveraging advanced analytics and consumer insights, businesses can craft highly targeted campaigns that resonate with Thai consumers.

Software Solutions in Thailand and Myanmar

The demand for ERP software solutions is on the rise in Myanmar as businesses seek to streamline their operations and enhance efficiency. From inventory management to finance and HR, ERP systems offer a unified platform to manage critical processes seamlessly. In Myanmar's rapidly evolving business environment, software companies are playing a pivotal role in driving digital transformation across industries.

In Thailand, software companies are at the forefront of innovation, catering to diverse sectors such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing. With a skilled workforce and a conducive business environment, Thailand has emerged as a hub for software development in Southeast Asia. Companies specializing in custom software development, mobile app development, and enterprise solutions are thriving in Bangkok and other major cities.

IT & Digital Innovation

The intersection of IT and digital innovation is reshaping the business landscape in both Thailand and Myanmar. From blockchain and artificial intelligence to the Internet of Things (IoT) and augmented reality, companies are harnessing emerging technologies to gain a competitive edge.

In Thailand, the government's initiatives to promote digital innovation, such as the Thailand 4.0 strategy, are driving investment in research and development. Startups and tech companies are leveraging these opportunities to develop groundbreaking solutions that address pressing challenges and unlock new opportunities.

Similarly, Myanmar is witnessing a surge in digital innovation, fueled by a young and tech-savvy population eager to embrace new technologies. From fintech startups revolutionizing the banking sector to agritech companies leveraging data analytics to enhance agricultural productivity, the IT landscape in Myanmar is teeming with potential.

E-commerce in Myanmar

Myanmar's e-commerce sector is experiencing exponential growth, driven by increasing internet penetration and smartphone adoption. With a population of over 54 million and a rising middle class, the country presents lucrative opportunities for online retailers and e-commerce platforms.

Despite infrastructural challenges, e-commerce businesses in Myanmar are thriving, leveraging innovative payment solutions and logistics networks to reach customers across the country. From fashion and electronics to groceries and healthcare products, a diverse array of goods and services are now available online, catering to the evolving needs of Myanmar's consumers.

In conclusion, Thailand and Myanmar offer a fertile ground for digital marketing, software development, and IT innovation. With a young and tech-savvy population, coupled with supportive government policies and a burgeoning startup ecosystem, these countries are poised to shape the future of technology in Southeast Asia. As businesses navigate the complexities of the digital landscape, seizing the opportunities presented by these dynamic markets will be key to success.

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