#vietnam visa online

[educationaslloan]

Vietnam visa online:- Get information about process and documents for Vietnam Visa application. Apply for Vietnam visa online.

[jubaer01]

VIETNAMESE Official Urgent Electronic Visa

Online Vietnam Visa - วีซ่าอิเล็กทรอนิกส์เวียดนามที่รวดเร็วและรวดเร็วออนไลน์ วีซ่าท่องเที่ยวและธุรกิจอย่างเป็นทางการของรัฐบาลเวียดนาม

Address : 323 Moo 9 Chokchai-Det Udom Rd. Nong Bua Sala Subdistrict, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province 30000

Phone : +66 2 305 8344

Email : info@vietnam-online-evisa.com

Website : https://www.vietnam-e-visa.org/th/visa/

Business Hours : 24/7/365

Owner / Official Contact Name :Ria Holden  Vanessa

Description :รัฐบาลเวียดนามได้แนะนำวิธีการยื่นขอวีซ่าเวียดนามออนไลน์ที่ง่าย รวดเร็วที่สุดและสะดวกที่สุดบนเว็บไซต์นี้ ตอนนี้คุณสามารถกรอกแบบฟอร์มสมัครวีซ่าเวียดนามออนไลน์ได้จากบ้านที่หรูหราของคุณโดยไม่ต้องไปที่สถานทูตเวียดนาม กรอกแบบฟอร์มภายในไม่กี่นาที อัปโหลดรูปถ่ายใบหน้าและหน้าหนังสือเดินทางของคุณ และชำระเงินออนไลน์ หลังจากนั้นไม่กี่วัน คุณจะได้รับ eVisa เวียดนามทางอีเมล คุณสามารถเยี่ยมชมสนามบินหรือท่าเรือได้ทันทีโดยไม่ต้องไปที่สถานทูตเวียดนาม นอกจากนี้ จำเป็นต้องมีตราประทับบนหนังสือเดินทางหรือบนกระดาษด้วย กระบวนการทางอิเล็กทรอนิกส์นี้เรียกว่า eVisa หรือวีซ่าอิเล็กทรอนิกส์สำหรับเวียดนาม มีให้บริการใน 80 ประเทศ หากคุณมาจากหนึ่งในประเทศที่โชคดีเหล่านี้ คุณสามารถข้ามคิวเพื่อสมัครพอร์ทัลออนไลน์สำหรับวีซ่าเวียดนามได้ คุณสามารถถ่ายภาพจากโทรศัพท์มือถือของคุณและส่งอีเมลถึงเราหากคุณไม่สามารถอัปโหลดได้ คุณจะต้องพกหนังสือเดินทางตัวจริงไปที่สนามบินเพื่อให้เจ้าหน้าที่ตรวจคนเข้าเมืองที่สนามบินสามารถประทับตราหน้าหนังสือเดินทางของคุณเพื่อเข้าประเทศเวียดนาม นอกจากนี้หนังสือเดินทางของคุณจะต้องมีอายุ 180 วันนับจากวันที่คุณเข้าเวียดนาม ประเทศต่อไปนี้มีสิทธิ์ได้รับวีซ่าออนไลน์เวียดนาม หรือที่เรียกว่า eVisa เวียดนาม, เบลเยียม, เนเธอร์แลนด์, อินเดีย, นาอูรู, โปรตุเกส, โครเอเชีย, รัสเซีย, สเปน, หมู่เกาะโซโลมอน, กาตาร์, เยอรมนี, ลิกเตนสไตน์, อาร์เจนตินา, โปแลนด์, กรีซ, ออสเตรเลีย, บรูไน, สหรัฐอเมริกา , เดนมาร์ก, โรมาเนีย, บราซิล, มอลตา, บัลแกเรีย, ฟินแลนด์, ไอซ์แลนด์, อาเซอร์ไบจาน, ฟิลิปปินส์, เซนต์ลูเซีย, ไอร์แลนด์, เม็กซิโก, เปรู, สโลวาเกีย, เวเนซุเอลา, นอร์เวย์, จอร์เจีย, มองโกเลีย, เอสโตเนีย, สโลวีเนีย, ลิทัวเนีย, โคลัมเบีย, ปาปัวนิวกินี, เซอร์เบีย, คาซัคสถาน, อุรุกวัย, สหรัฐอาหรับเอมิเรตส์, สวีเดน, เกาหลี, อาร์เมเนีย, ฟิจิ, มอนเตเนโกร, สวิตเซอร์แลนด์, อันดอร์รา, คิวบา, ลัตเวีย, กัมพูชา, โมนาโก, แคนาดา, นิวซีแลนด์, อิตาลี, ฝรั่งเศส, ลักเซมเบิร์ก, หมู่เกาะมาร์แชลล์, วานูอาตู, ไซปรัส, มาซิโดเนีย, ฮังการี, สาธารณรัฐเช็ก, ญี่ปุ่น, ซานมารีโน, บอสเนียและเฮอร์เซโกวีนา, มอลโดวา, เบลารุส, สหราชอาณาจักร, ปานามา, ออสเตรีย, มอนต์เซอร์รัต, ไมโครนีเซีย, ชิลี  Government of Vietnam has introduced the simplest, quickest and easy method to apply for Vietnam Visa Online on this website. You can now fill out the Vietnam Visa Online Application Form from the luxury of your home without visiting Vietnam Embassy. Fill the form in couple of minutes, upload your face photograph and passport page and make payment online. After a few days you will receive vietnamse eVisa by email. You can visit the airport or seaport straight away without going to vietnamse Embassy. Also, there is on physical or paper stamp required on your passport. This electronic process also known as eVisa or Electronic Visa for Vietnam is available to 80 countries. If you are from one of these lucky countries, you can skip the queue to apply on Online Portal for Vietnam Visa. You can take the photo from your mobile phone and email us if you cannot upload. You will need to carry original passport to the airport so that the immigration officers at the airport can stamp your passport page for entry into Vietnam. Also, your passport must be valid for 180 days on the date of your entry into Vietnam. The following countries are eligible for Vietnam Online Visa aka eVisa Vietnam, Belgium, Netherlands, India, Nauru, Portugal, Croatia, Russia, Spain, Solomon Islands, Qatar, Germany, Liechtenstein, Argentina, Poland, Greece, Australia, Brunei, United States, Denmark, Romania, Brazil, Malta, Bulgaria, Finland, Iceland, Azerbaijan, Philippines, Saint Lucia, Ireland, Mexico, Peru, Slovakia, Venezuela, Norway, Georgia, Mongolia, Estonia, Slovenia, Lithuania, Colombia, Papua New Guinea, Serbia, Kazakhstan, Uruguay, United Arab Emirates, Sweden, Korea, Armenia, Fiji, Montenegro, Switzerland, Andorra, Cuba, Latvia, Cambodia, Monaco, Canada, New Zealand, Italy, France, Luxembourg, Marshall Islands, Vanuatu, Cyprus, Macedonia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Japan, San Marino, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Belarus, United Kingdom, Panama, Austria, Montserrat, Micronesia, Chile.

[singapore-tourist-visa]

Vietnam visa online:- Get information about process and documents for Vietnam Visa application. Apply for Vietnam visa online.

[travel022]

Hi, I'm Suraj and I'm passionate about writing about travel. I love to explore new places and experience different cultures. I'm always up for a new adventure, and I hope to inspire others to explore the world for themselves. If you're thinking about traveling to Vietnam, be sure to check out my blog for information and tips on getting a Vietnam visa.

[vietnams-visa]

Vietnam Visa Processing Time: How long is the wait?

Vietnamese authorities recently launched the eVisa program to simplify the entry requirements for foreign travelers. Before this program was launched, travelers had to get a Vietnamese approval letter to receive a visa on arrival. But from now on, they can easily apply for the Vietnam Visa completely online. Moreover, this process can get even easier when using iVisa.com.

 However, we know that most travelers tend to ask themselves how long they should wait to get the actual Vietnamese visa online (Vietnam eVisa). That’s why we bring this article with the essential details about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time and its price.

  What are the Covid restrictions to enter Vietnam?

The Covid-19 entry requirements vary on a day-to-day basis, This way, you can be ready with any entry requirement needed, including PCR tests or vaccine certificates if necessary.

To learn more about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time, read below.

What is a Vietnam eVisa?

The Vietnam eVisa is a type of Vietnamese Visa, but instead of a physical stamp at the embassy, you receive it online through an electronic link in your passport. This document allows you to visit Vietnam for 30 days per visit, and it has a single entry.

What items or requirements do I need to apply for this document?

Before completing the online form to get this document, we highly recommend you to have these items on hand first:

Your passport (valid for at least 6 months     after arrival in Vietnam).

A Credit/debit card for payments.

A scanned copy of your passport’s information page.

A scanned copy of your Digital ID or passport image.

Continue reading to see more info about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time.

What is the Vietnam Visa Processing Time and price?

You don’t need to wait long to receive the Vietnam eVisa, especially when using our services. You decide how much you can pay depending on how fast you want your eVisa.

These are the processing times and prices we offer:

1 month     single = $11.99 USD

3 months     single = $ 19.99 USD

·         1 month multiple = $14.99 USD

3 months     multiple = $33.99USD

Do you want to see more info about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time? Keep reading below.

How to apply for a Vietnam Visa online

Forget about visiting the embassy! Now you can apply for your visa 100% online by following these steps:

First, fill in our online application form     with general information about yourself like your full name and your     passport ID. Then, select the processing speed.

Second, verify the information so that there     are no mistakes or typos. Then pay for your eVisa using your debit or     credit card.

Third, upload and add the copies of the     documents required (scanned copies of the passport) and click on ‘submit’     to finish.

Lastly, please wait for your Vietnam eVisa via email inbox, and that’s it!

Feel safe at all times with our website. Our platform is well-protected, so your private details won’t get leaked that easily. Additionally, we are very transparent with the services we offer. Check our comment section to learn more.

Where can I see more information about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time?

Do you still have doubts about the Vietnam Visa Processing Time? Don’t worry, we’ve got your back this time! Contact our agents via chat online to get more information about it!

Vietnam is a popular country located in Southeast Asia. It is famous for its beautiful beaches, rivers, Buddhist pagodas, and crowded cities. Its capital city is Hanoi, and it pays homage to the nation’s iconic Communist leader, Ho Chi Minh, through a huge and intimidating marble mausoleum. Besides, there’s a city with the name of this leader, known simply as Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon). This city has notorious French colonial landmarks and also numerous Vietnamese War history museums. This place is also very popular for the Cú Chi tunnels, used by Viet Cong soldiers.

One place that always attracts curious visitors is Văn Miếu. It is a temple dedicated to Confucius, and you can find it in Hanoi. This temple is also home to the Imperial Academy, which is Vietnam’s first national university. This iconic temple was built in 1070 when Emperor Lý Thánh Tông was ruling the nation. Therefore, this temple is already part of the well-known Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long.

.Content Source: iVisa

[komal1841]

Hassle-Free Dubai Visa Application for Vietnam citizens Apply for your Dubai visa effortlessly at our platform. Fast, reliable service tailored for Vietnam citizens. Begin your journey to Dubai today!

Apply now: online Dubai visa from Vietnam

[toppicksreviews]

Vietnam visa official site

The official website for Vietnam visa information and e-visa applications is operated by the Vietnam Immigration Department at https://evisa.xuatnhapcanh.gov.vn. This site provides comprehensive details on visa types, requirements, fees, and processing times. Visitors can apply for e-visas, check application status, and access official guidance on entry regulations. It's important to use this official site to avoid potential scams or misinformation from unofficial sources. More info: https://toppicksreviews.com

[evisaservice]

Get a Vietnam Visa in Faster Way

Searching for a faster way to get a Vietnam Visa? Go for the online visa application process, & apply through www.vietnam-e-visa.org for a hassle-free, & simple visa application process.

[applyonlineevisa]

Apply Vietnam e-Business Visa Online

Applying for a Vietnam e-Business Visa online is convenient and efficient for business travelers. This expedited process enables candidates to complete the required papers from any location with internet access, avoiding the need for in-person trips to embassies or consulates. Travelers can easily receive an e-Business Visa by filling out an online application form and providing essential documents such as passport scans and business letters. This digital visa simplifies admission into Vietnam for business purposes, allowing travelers to conduct meetings, conferences, and other commercial operations without difficulty. Accept the simplicity of online applications and speed up your business operations in Vietnam.

Happy Travelling !!!

[trustvietnamvisa]

Don't let visa formalities hold you back. Learn how to secure your Vietnam Visa on Arrival effortlessly.

[insuranceoryx]

How to Choose the Right Travel Insurance for Your Trip in the USA

Travel insurance is an essential tool for protecting yourself against unexpected events while on vacation. With so many different policies and options available, it can be difficult to know which plan is right for your needs. Here are a few things to keep in mind when choosing the right travel insurance for your trip in the USA. 1. Consider Your Destination Your travel destination can play a big…

[jubaer01]

VIETNAMESE Official Urgent Electronic Visa

Online Vietnam Visa - 迅速かつ迅速なベトナム電子ビザオンライン、ベトナム政府公式観光およびビジネスビザ

Address : 3 Chome-4-33 Motoazabu, Minato City, Tokyo 106-0046, Japan

Phone : +81 3-3403-3388

Email : info@vietnam-online-evisa.com

Website : https://www.vietnam-e-visa.org/ja/visa/

Business Hours : 24/7/365

Owner / Official Contact Name :Ria Holden  Vanessa

Description :ベトナム政府は、このウェブサイトでオンラインでベトナムビザを申請する最も簡単、迅速、簡単な方法を導入しました。 ベトナム大使館を訪問することなく、自宅で贅沢にベトナムビザのオンライン申請フォームに記入できるようになりました。 数分でフォームに記入し、顔写真とパスポートのページをアップロードして、オンラインで支払いを行ってください。 数日後、ベトナムの電子ビザが電子メールで届きます。 ベトナム大使館に行かなくても、空港や港に直接行くことができます。 また、パスポートには物理的なスタンプまたは紙のスタンプが必要です。 eVisa または Electronic Visa for Vietnam としても知られるこの電子プロセスは、80 か国で利用できます。 これらの幸運な国の出身であれば、ベトナムビザのオンラインポータルで申請の列に並ばずに済みます。 アップロードできない場合は、携帯電話から写真を撮ってメールでご連絡ください。 空港の入国管理官がベトナム入国のためにパスポートのページにスタンプを押してもらえるよう、パスポートの原本を空港まで携帯する必要があります。 また、パスポートはベトナム入国日から180日間有効でなければなりません。 以下の国は、ベトナム オンライン ビザ、別名 eVisa の資格があります。 ベトナム、ベルギー、オランダ、インド、ナウル、ポルトガル、クロアチア、ロシア、スペイン、ソロモン諸島、カタール、ドイツ、リヒテンシュタイン、アルゼンチン、ポーランド、ギリシャ、オーストラリア、ブルネイ、米国、デンマーク、ルーマニア、ブラジル、マルタ、ブルガリア、フィンランド、アイスランド、アゼルバイジャン、フィリピン、セントルシア、アイルランド、メキシコ、ペルー、スロバキア、ベネズエラ、ノルウェー、ジョージア、モンゴル、エストニア、スロベニア、リトアニア、コロンビア、パプアニューギニア、セルビア、カザフスタン、ウルグアイ、アラブ首長国連邦、スウェーデン、韓国、アルメニア、フィジー、モンテネグロ、スイス、アンドラ、キューバ、ラトビア、カンボジア、モナコ、カナダ、ニュージーランド、イタリア、フランス、ルクセンブルク、マーシャル諸島、バヌアツ、キプロス、マケドニア、ハンガリー、チェコ共和国、日本、サンマリノ、ボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナ、モルドバ、ベラルーシ、イギリス、パナマ、オーストリア、モントセラト、ミクロネシア、チリ。  Government of Vietnam has introduced the simplest, quickest and easy method to apply for Vietnam Visa Online on this website. You can now fill out the Vietnam Visa Online Application Form from the luxury of your home without visiting Vietnam Embassy. Fill the form in couple of minutes, upload your face photograph and passport page and make payment online. After a few days you will receive vietnamse eVisa by email. You can visit the airport or seaport straight away without going to vietnamse Embassy. Also, there is on physical or paper stamp required on your passport. This electronic process also known as eVisa or Electronic Visa for Vietnam is available to 80 countries. If you are from one of these lucky countries, you can skip the queue to apply on Online Portal for Vietnam Visa. You can take the photo from your mobile phone and email us if you cannot upload. You will need to carry original passport to the airport so that the immigration officers at the airport can stamp your passport page for entry into Vietnam. Also, your passport must be valid for 180 days on the date of your entry into Vietnam. The following countries are eligible for Vietnam Online Visa aka eVisa Vietnam, Belgium, Netherlands, India, Nauru, Portugal, Croatia, Russia, Spain, Solomon Islands, Qatar, Germany, Liechtenstein, Argentina, Poland, Greece, Australia, Brunei, United States, Denmark, Romania, Brazil, Malta, Bulgaria, Finland, Iceland, Azerbaijan, Philippines, Saint Lucia, Ireland, Mexico, Peru, Slovakia, Venezuela, Norway, Georgia, Mongolia, Estonia, Slovenia, Lithuania, Colombia, Papua New Guinea, Serbia, Kazakhstan, Uruguay, United Arab Emirates, Sweden, Korea, Armenia, Fiji, Montenegro, Switzerland, Andorra, Cuba, Latvia, Cambodia, Monaco, Canada, New Zealand, Italy, France, Luxembourg, Marshall Islands, Vanuatu, Cyprus, Macedonia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Japan, San Marino, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Belarus, United Kingdom, Panama, Austria, Montserrat, Micronesia, Chile.

[mostlysignssomeportents]

The majority of censorship is self-censorship

I'm on tour with my new novel The Bezzle! Catch me TONIGHT in SAN DIEGO (Feb 22, Mysterious Galaxy). After that, it's LA (Saturday night, with Adam Conover), Seattle (Monday, with Neal Stephenson), then Portland, Phoenix and more!

I know a lot of polymaths, but Ada Palmer takes the cake: brilliant science fiction writer, brilliant historian, brilliant librettist, brilliant singer, and then some:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/02/10/monopoly-begets-monopoly/#terra-ignota

Palmer is a friend and a colleague. In 2018, she, Adrian Johns and I collaborated on "Censorship, Information Control, & Information Revolutions from Printing Press to Internet," a series of grad seminars at the U Chicago History department (where Ada is a tenured prof, specializing in the Inquisition and Renaissance forbidden knowledge):

https://ifk.uchicago.edu/research/faculty-fellow-projects/censorship-information-control-information-revolutions-from-printing-press/

The project had its origins in a party game that Ada and I used to play at SF conventions: Ada would describe a way that the Inquisitions' censors attacked the printing press, and I'd find an extremely parallel maneuver from governments, the entertainment industry or other entities from the much more recent history of internet censorship battles.

With the seminars, we took it to the next level. Each 3h long session featured a roster of speakers from many disciplines, explaining everything from how encryption works to how white nationalists who were radicalized in Vietnam formed an armored-car robbery gang to finance modems and Apple ][+s to link up neo-Nazis across the USA.

We borrowed the structure of these sessions from science fiction conventions, home to a very specific kind of panel that doesn't always work, but when it does, it's fantastic. It was a natural choice: after all, Ada and I know each other through science fiction.

Even if you're not an sf person, you've probably heard of the Hugo Awards, the most prestigious awards in the field, voted on each year by attendees of the annual World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon). And even if you're not an sf fan, you might have heard about a scandal involving the Hugo Awards, which were held last year in China, a first:

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/science-fiction-authors-excluded-hugo-awards-china-rcna139134

A little background: each year's Worldcon is run by a committee of volunteers. These volunteers put together bids to host the Worldcon, and canvass Worldcon attendees to vote in favor of their bid. For many years, a group of Chinese fans attempted to field a successful bid to host a Worldcon, and, eventually, they won.

At the time, there were many concerns: about traveling to a country with a poor human rights record and a reputation for censorship, and about the logistics of customary Worldcon attendees getting visas. During this debate, many international fans pointed to the poor human rights record in the USA (which has hosted the vast majority of Worldcons since their inception), and the absolute ghastly rigmarole the US government subjects many foreign visitors to when they seek visas to come to the US for conventions.

Whatever side of this debate you came down on, it couldn't be denied that the Chinese Worldcon rang a lot of alarm-bells. Communications were spotty, and then the con was unceremoniously rescheduled for months after the original scheduled date, without any good explanation. Rumors swirled of Chinese petty officials muscling their way into the con's administration.

But the real alarm bells started clanging after the Hugo Award ceremony. Normally, after the Hugos are given out, attendees are given paper handouts tallying the nominations and votes, and those numbers are also simultaneously published online. Technically, the Hugo committee has a grace period of some weeks before this data must be published, but at every Worldcon I've attended over the past 30+ years, I left the Hugos with a data-sheet in my hand.

Then, in early December, at the very last moment, the Hugo committee released its data – and all hell broke loose. Numerous, acclaimed works had been unilaterally "disqualified" from the ballot. Many of these were written by writers from the Chinese diaspora, but some works – like an episode of Neil Gaiman's Sandman – were seemingly unconnected to any national considerations.

Readers and writers erupted in outrage, demanding to know what had happened. The Hugo administrators – Americans and Canadians who'd volunteered in those roles for many years and were widely viewed as being members in good standing of the community – were either silent or responded with rude and insulting remarks. One thing they didn't do was explain themselves.

The absence of facts left a void that rumors and speculation rushed in to fill. Stories of Chinese official censorship swirled online, and along with them, a kind of I-told-you-so: China should never have been home to a Worldcon, the country's authoritarian national politics are fundamentally incompatible with a literary festival.

As the outrage mounted and the scandal breached from the confines of science fiction fans and writers to the wider world, more details kept emerging. A damning set of internal leaks revealed that it was those long-serving American and Canadian volunteers who decided to censor the ballot. They did so out of a vague sense that the Chinese state would visit some unspecified sanction on the con if politically unpalatable works appeared on the Hugo ballot. Incredibly, they even compiled clumsy dossiers on nominees, disqualifying one nominee out of a mistaken belief that he had once visited Tibet (it was actually Nepal).

There's no evidence that the Chinese state asked these people to do this. Likewise, it wasn't pressure from the Chinese state that caused them to throw out hundreds of ballots cast by Chinese fans, whom they believed were voting for a "slate" of works (it's not clear if this is the case, but slate voting is permitted under Hugo rules).

All this has raised many questions about the future of the Hugo Awards, and the status of the awards that were given in China. There's widespread concern that Chinese fans involved with the con may face state retaliation due to the negative press that these shenanigans stirred up.

But there's also a lot of questions about censorship, and the nature of both state and private censorship, and the relationship between the two. These are questions that Ada is extremely well-poised to answer; indeed, they're the subject of her book-in-progress, entitled Why We Censor: from the Inquisition to the Internet.

In a magisterial essay for Reactor, Palmer stakes out her central thesis: "The majority of censorship is self-censorship, but the majority of self-censorship is intentionally cultivated by an outside power":

https://reactormag.com/tools-for-thinking-about-censorship/

States – even very powerful states – that wish to censor lack the resources to accomplish totalizing censorship of the sort depicted in Nineteen Eighty-Four. They can't go from house to house, searching every nook and cranny for copies of forbidden literature. The only way to kill an idea is to stop people from expressing it in the first place. Convincing people to censor themselves is, "dollar for dollar and man-hour for man-hour, much cheaper and more impactful than anything else a censorious regime can do."

Ada invokes examples modern and ancient, including from her own area of specialty, the Inquisition and its treatment of Gailileo. The Inquistions didn't set out to silence Galileo. If that had been its objective, it could have just assassinated him. This was cheap, easy and reliable! Instead, the Inquisition persecuted Galileo, in a very high-profile manner, making him and his ideas far more famous.

But this isn't some early example of Inquisitorial Streisand Effect. The point of persecuting Galileo was to convince Descartes to self-censor, which he did. He took his manuscript back from the publisher and cut the sections the Inquisition was likely to find offensive. It wasn't just Descartes: "thousands of other major thinkers of the time wrote differently, spoke differently, chose different projects, and passed different ideas on to the next century because they self-censored after the Galileo trial."

This is direct self-censorship, where people are frightened into silencing themselves. But there's another form of censorship, which Ada calls "middlemen censorship." That's when someone other than the government censors a work because they fear what the government would do if they didn't. Think of Scholastic's cowardly decision to pull inclusive, LGBTQ books out of its book fair selections even though no one had ordered them to do so:

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/06/books/scholastic-book-racism-maggie-tokuda-hall.html

This is a form of censorship outsourcing, and it "multiplies the manpower of a censorship system by the number of individuals within its power." The censoring body doesn't need to hire people to search everyone's houses for offensive books – it can frighten editors, publishers, distributors, booksellers and librarians into suppressing the books in the first place.

This outsourcing blurs the line between state and private surveillance. Think about comics. After a series of high-profile Congressional hearings about the supposed danger of comics to impressionable young minds, the comics industry undertook a regime of self-censorship, through which the private Comics Code Authority would vet comings for "dangerous" content before allowing its seal of approval to appear on the comics' covers. Distributors and retailers refused to carry books without a CCA stamp, so publishers refused to publish books unless they could get a CCA stamp.

The CCA was unaccountable, capricious – and racist. By the 60s and 70s, it became clear that comic about Black characters were subjected to much tighter scrutiny than comics featuring white heroes. The CCA would reject "a drop of sweat on the forehead of a Black astronaut as 'too graphic' since it 'could be mistaken for blood.'" Every comic that got sent back by the CCA meant long, brutal reworkings by writers and illustrators to get them past the censors.

The US government never censored heroes like Black Panther, but the chain of events that created the CCA "middleman censors" made sure that Black Panther appeared in far fewer comics starring Marvel's most prominent Black character. An analysis of censorship that tries to draw a line between private and public censorship would say that the government played no role in Black Panther's banishment to obscurity – but without Congressional action, Black Panther would never have faced censorship.

This is why attempts to cleanly divide public and private censorship always break down. Many people will tell you that when Twitter or Facebook blocks content they disagree with, that's not censorship, since censorship is government action, and these are private actors. What they mean is that Twitter and Facebook censorship doesn't violate the First Amendment, but it's perfectly possible to infringe on free speech without violating the US Constitution. What's more, if the government fails to prevent monopolization of our speech forums – like social media – and also declines to offer its own public speech forums that are bound to respect the First Amendment, we can end up with government choices that produce an environment in which some ideas are suppressed wherever they might find an audience – all without violating the Constitution:

https://locusmag.com/2020/01/cory-doctorow-inaction-is-a-form-of-action/

The great censorious regimes of the past – the USSR, the Inquisition – left behind vast troves of bureaucratic records, and these records are full of complaints about the censors' lack of resources. They didn't have the manpower, the office space, the money or the power to erase the ideas they were ordered to suppress. As Ada notes, "In the period that Spain’s Inquisition was wildly out of Rome’s control, the Roman Inquisition even printed manuals to guide its Inquisitors on how to bluff their way through pretending they were on top of what Spain was doing!"

Censors have always done – and still do – their work not by wielding power, but by projecting it. Even the most powerful state actors are not powerful enough to truly censor, in the sense of confiscating every work expressing an idea and punishing everyone who creates such a work. Instead, when they rely on self-censorship, both by individuals and by intermediaries. When censors act to block one work and not another, or when they punish one transgressor while another is free to speak, it's tempting to think that they are following some arcane ruleset that defines when enforcement is strict and when it's weak. But the truth is, they censor erratically because they are too weak to censor comprehensively.

Spectacular acts of censorship and punishment are a performance, "to change the way people act and think." Censors "seek out actions that can cause the maximum number of people to notice and feel their presence, with a minimum of expense and manpower."

The censor can only succeed by convincing us to do their work for them. That's why drawing a line between state censorship and private censorship is such a misleading exercise. Censorship is, and always has been, a public-private partnership.

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/02/22/self-censorship/#hugos

[eggdrawsthings]

Hi! I wanted to ask a question and I wasn’t sure if it was too personal or not so just ignore this is you’d rather not answer, but I was wondering if you went to art school or got a degree in it? I really want to start learning and maybe one day start a career in animation and wasn’t sure whether I should spend time and resources getting a degree. I know it’s going to be different for everybody and nothings a guarantee for this field but since I love your style and technical skill I was curious whether you had done that and what were your thoughts on it or if you are self-taught.

Hey anon! No worries it's all good!

Ig I should quickly go through my art journey so you can have an overall look of why I went to art school lol.

So I'm from Vietnam. I think back in 2013 I went to a small art school in Singapore (they were the only one that gave me a scholarship). My major was 3D modeling actually, but during my final year, I realized I only wanted to draw characters for animation. I could already draw decently, so I just read The Silver Way book and built a character design portfolio on my own during this time. I was lucky I got a job as a concept artist at a small animation studio there so I learned a lot from the job. I also did a lot of self-learning and took Woulter Tulp's Expressive Character class on Schoolism.

Then after 3-ish years of working, I got sick of the tiny and dying animation industry in Singapore. I wanna do sth more than just preschool shows and I was severely underpaid lmao. So I quit my job and took the MA VisDev program at AAU. It's a little more affordable cuz u can do 1 year online and the second year on-site. The reason I went to this school even tho i could just take a VisDev class online was cuz i need the visa so i can try to break into the industry in the US.

Now back to your question. Is art school a must? No. Should you still take it? Maybe, depends on your situation. If you can afford it then hell yeah by all means. Art school is great cuz you have professors and peers to help guide you along the way so you won't get lost while trying to figure out your shit. And to have a few years just experimenting and focusing on art is a great experience. Plus you can make a lot of meaningful connections in school and it will help you a long way after you grad. But if you have to go into debt to go to art school, then don't. There are places like Schoolism, CGMA, and Warrior Art Camp where you can pick what class and from whom you wanna learn. If you are not from the US and wanna break into the industry here like me however, then yeah getting a degree is a better bet cuz you can use the student visa and OPT to hopefully get a job here (it's still very very hard tho ngl im struggling rn as we speak lmao). Also, you need a BA to work overseas so there's that too. The hard truth is studios prefer to hire locally than some rando from somewhere else and have to wait for them to relocate and shit, (unless you are exceptionally good and they'd do anything to have you, but that is super rare lol).

Even though I did go to art school, I have to say most of my skills are from self-study. It requires a lot of self-discipline but I'm pretty much obsessed with drawing and I draw everyday so it's not a problem for me. But my friend is not good at that, so she found art school/classes helped her better cuz there are deadlines and instructors to help guide her to reach her goal. So it depends on your learning style tbh.

There is this chart that can help you consider your options. Im sorry it's a very long answer, cuz yes everyone's experience is different. Feel free to drop me another ask if you still have anymore questions tho ^^

Edit: I must also add, though there are online classes and ways to self-learn animation,I do think it only truly benefit you if you know exactly what you wanna do in this industry (for example I already knew i wanna become a character designer for 2d/3D animation specifically so any books/classes i took I tailored it to fit my goal). If you are unsure what you wanna do, then maybe even a cheap animation course will do better, and then you can take extra online classes on the side.