#ypg/pyd

[scottishcommune]

In Northern Syria, 2.5 million people are living in a stateless, feminist, religiously tolerant, anti-capitalist society of their own creation. They call their territory Rojava, and they defend it fiercely. They’re at war with the extremist group ISIS, and they’re doing better than anyone in the world expected — least of all the Western powers who seek to treat them as pawns.

It’s a complicated situation, but we in the rest of the world have much to learn from the Rojava revolution. To that end, we offer this long-form introduction to the history and the present struggle of the Kurdish people.

Long live the Rojava revolution!

[lephenixkurde]

"Le gouvernement des Kurdes, le gouvernement partisan et ordres sociaux alternatifs", un livre recommandé par l'Institut kurde de Paris

Joyce Blau - cofondatrice de l'Institut kurde de Paris - ne tarit pas d'éloge sur l'ouvrage collectif "Le gouvernement des Kurdes, gouvernement partisan et ordres sociaux alternatifs" qui vient de paraître aux éditions Karthala, sous la direction de Gilles Dorronsoro. Un gage de sérieux pour un livre qui n'a pas d'équivalent jusqu'ici.

Joyce Blau a introduit la conférence de Gilles Dorronsoro, Olivier Grosjean, Hardy Mède et Nicolas Ressler-Fessy. / Photo B. D.

Les nombreux auditeurs de la conférence donnée le 16 décembre à l'IKP ont été particulièrement attentifs aux propos de Gilles Dorronsoro, professeur de science politique enseignant à l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, et de trois des co-auteurs (1) venus présenter le livre avec lui, samedi : Olivier Grojean, maître de conférences à l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne; Hardy Mède, associé à l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne mais aussi enseignant à l’Institut catholique de Paris; et enfin Nicolas Ressler-Fessy, chargé de cours à l'Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, par ailleurs membre du programme Turquie de Noria-Research.

Tous se sont penchés sur une période exceptionnelle depuis la fin de l'Empire Ottoman, les trois décennies qui ont vu "la pointe de fer des Etats régionaux" desserrer leur étreinte autour des Kurdes qui sont des dizaines de millions répartis sur l'Iran, la Turquie, l'Irak et la Syrie depuis le Traité de Lausanne signé en 1923. Comme le rappellent les auteurs dans leur quatrième de couverture, cela fait donc un siècle que les Kurdes "se mobilisent régulièrement pour obtenir des droits culturels, une autonomie régionale, voire l'indépendance".

Lire mon article : "Un génocide oublié, 100 ans de solitude pour les Kurdes"

Si la perspective d'un Etat kurde n'a jamais été aussi lointaine pour des Kurdes en partie lâchés par leurs alliés occidentaux après la victoire contre Daesh, toutes les années de lutte n'ont pas été vaines, que ce soit celles du PDK et de l'UPK à Bashur (Kurdistan Sud, au nord de l'Irak), celles du YPG/PYD au Rojava (Kurdistan Ouest, au nord de la Syrie), ou encore celles du PKK à Baqur (Kurdistan Nord, est/sud-est de la Turquie) et chez ses voisins.

Une date constitue à cet égard un moment de bascule, la résolution 688 du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies, adoptée le 5 avril 1991, qui crée une "no-fly zone" au-dessus du Kurdistan irakien victime d'un terrible génocide pendant les années Saddam, l'opération Anfal.

Commander mon livre "Un génocide oublié, la voix brisée du peuple kurde"

Protégés des bombardements chimiques et des crimes de masse, les peshmergas des deux principaux partis se livrent bientôt une guerre fratricide, jusqu'à ce que la guerre civile entre PDK et UPK débouche finalement sur un accord signé en septembre 1998 sous l'égide des États-Unis, prélude à la création de la Région autonome du Kurdistan irakien.

La guérilla du PKK qui s'étend de son côté au Rojava ainsi que les interventions américaines en Irak et en Syrie vont par ailleurs favoriser le PYD, fondé en 2003 par des membres syriens du PKK à Qandîl, dans les montagnes du Kurdistan irakien.

Résultat, pour la première fois, des populations kurdes sont gouvernées par des mouvements kurdes. Et c'est bien là l'objet du livre dont il est question ici.

A rebours d’une conception romantique et loin des clichés sur les tribus kurdes, les auteurs montrent la centralité des partis politiques dans l’organisation des ordres sociaux alternatifs en vigueur au nord de l'Irak et de la Syrie mais aussi en Turquie, notamment à Baqur qui va bénéficier entre 2013 et 2015 des bienfaits d'un cessez-le-feu entre le PKK et le pouvoir, au bénéfice du HDP pro-Kurde créé en 2012.

A partir de données originales tirées de temps longs passés sur le terrain en Turquie, en Irak et en Syrie, les auteurs analysent ces «gouvernements partisans» dans toute leur complexité. Un travail d'autant plus intéressant que les mouvements kurdes se trouvent confrontés à la gestion de minorités non kurdes, notamment en Irak et en Syrie, provoquant une adaptation du programme politique ou la mise en place de régimes discriminatoires, selon les cas.

Pour en savoir plus, il faut lire "Le gouvernement des Kurdes, le gouvernement partisan et ordres sociaux alternatifs", sous la direction de Gilles Dorronsoro, Paris, Karthala, 2023, 368p. Vendu au prix de 30€. Gilles Dorronsoro qui a annoncé que l'ouvrage allait être traduit en anglais très bientôt.

(1) Ont aussi contribué à cet ouvrage : Yohanan Benhaïm, Boris James, Sarah Guillemet, Patrick Haenni, Felix Legrand, Jean-François Pérouse, Cléa Pineau, Arthur Quesnay, Clémence Scalbert Yücel.

[kristinhelberg]

Reden über Kurdistan

Analyse und Reportage aus Hasaka für Le Monde Diplomatique Oktober 2023

[syriamonitor]

مسلحان نفذا هجوماً بالقنابل.. وزير الداخلية التركي يكشف تفاصيل حادث الانفجار في أنقرة

مسلحان نفذا هجوماً بالقنابل.. وزير الداخلية التركي يكشف تفاصيل حادث الانفجار في أنقرة

كشف وزير الداخلية التركي، علي يرلي كايا، تفاصيل الحادث الإرهابي الذي وقع صباح الأحد 1 أكتوبر/تشرين الأول 2023، في العاصمة التركية أنقرة، وقال إن إرهابيَّين نفذا هجوماً بالقنابل على المديرية العامة للأمن التابعة لوزارة الداخلية. المسؤول التركي أوضح في بيان، أنه “في نحو الساعة الـ09.30، نفذ إرهابيان جاءا بمركبة تجارية خفيفة أمام بوابة مدخل المديرية العامة للأمن التابعة لوزارة الداخلية، هجوماً…

[politicoscope]

Will Turkey Allow Finland and Sweden to Join NATO?

Will Turkey Allow Finland and Sweden to Join NATO?

Sweden’s new government will distance itself from the Kurdish YPG militia as it tries to win Turkey’s approval to join NATO, Sweden’s foreign minister told Swedish Radio on Saturday. The Syrian Kurdish YPG militia and its political branch PYD are considered by Turkey extensions of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), which launched an insurgency against Turkey in 1980 and is regarded as a terrorist…

[yazan-kalem-siyah06]

AYNI AHIRIN EKÜRİLERİ !...

AYNI AHIRIN EKÜRİLERİ , PKK – YPG –PYD –IŞİD VE ÖSO ÖDÜLÜ “BOP “ OLAN YARIŞTA !..

YARIŞI HANGİSİ KAZANIRSA KAZANSIN , “ BOP” ÖDÜLÜNÜ SAHİBİNE GETİRECEKLER …

BÜYÜK İSRAİL TEK DERTLERİ BU

EKÜRİ ; GANYANDA YANİ AT YARIŞLARINDA , AT SAHİBİ HER HANGİBİR YARIŞTA ÖDÜLÜ ORTAYA KONAN ÖDÜLÜ KAZANABİLMEK İÇİN KENDİSİNE AİT DEĞİŞİK İSİMDEKİ ATLARINI YARIŞTIRIR. AYNI AHIRA AİT BU ATLARA DA EKÜRİ DENİR. BU ATLAR YARIŞ İÇERİSİNDE ÇEŞİTLİ TAKTİKLER UYGULAYARAK YARIŞI KAZANMAK İÇİN ÇALIŞIRLAR. BU ATLARDAN HANGİSİ KAZANIRSA KAZANSIN. ORTAYA KONAN ÖDÜLÜ ATLARIN YETİŞTİRİCİSİ VE AHIRIN SAHİBİ KAZANMIŞ OLUR.

ŞİMDİ ; ORTADOĞUDA BİR YARIŞ VAR. ÖDÜLÜ DE ; “ BOP “ BÜYÜK ORTADOĞU PROJESİ !..

İÇLERİNDE TÜRKİYENİN DE OLDUĞU 22 ÜLKENİN SINIRLARININ VE REJİMLERİNİN DEĞİŞTİRİLEREK , KÜRDİSTAN MASKESİ İLE BÜYÜK İSRAİL’İN KURULMASI VE ORTADOĞUNUN ENERJİ KAYNAKLARININ ÜZERİNE OTURMA . ÖDÜL BU !

BU BÜYÜK ÖDÜLÜ KAZANABİLMEK İÇİN AMERİKA YETİŞTİRDİĞİ BİRDEN FAZLA EKÜRİSİ İLE YARIŞTA ;

BAKALIM YARIŞAN EKÜRİLERE ;

PKK – KİM “ PKK” NIN KURUCU TABİ Kİ AMERİKA . 1984 YILINDAN BU TARAFA YETİŞTİRİLİYOR, DESTEKLENİYOR VE DONATILIYOR, PKK’ DA 1984 YILINDA BU TARAFA KENDİSİNİ YARIŞA SOKAN SAHİBİ İÇİN YARIŞIYOR KAZANMAK İÇİN.

PEKİ ;

IŞİD ‘İN KURUCUSU ,YPG – PYD- NİN KURUCUSU VE YETİŞTİRİCİSİ KİM ?

YİNE ;

“ ÖSO “ YANİ ÖZGÜR SURİYE ORDUSUNUN KURUCUSU VE DESTEKLEYİCİSİ KİM ?

TABİKİ AMERİKA VE HATTA “ BOP “ EŞ BAŞKANI SIFATIYLA ERDOĞAN …

BU “ ÖSO “ SURİYE REJİMİNE . BEŞER ESAD’A KARIŞI KURULAN VE SURİYEDEKİ REJİMİ DEVİRMEK İÇİN KURULMUŞ , BİR TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜ DEĞİL Mİ ?

BU ÖRGÜT EĞİT – DONAT KAPSAMINDA AMERİKA VE TÜRKİYE BİRLİKTELİĞİ İLE TÜRKİYEDE EĞİTİLİP DONATILARAK SAHAYA SÜRÜLMEDİ Mİ ?

HER NE KADAR TÜRK ORDUSU YAPILAN OPERASYONLARLA BELİNİN KIRILMAYA ÇALIŞILMASINA RAĞMEN , EMİR KOMUTA SİSTEMİNİN DEĞİŞTİRİLEREK KİMİN ,KİMDEN EMİR ALDIĞI BİLİNEMİYECEK DERECEDE KARIŞTIRILSADA , MORAL VE MOTİVASYONU BOZULMAYA ÇALIŞALSADA !

METE HAN’IN MÖ. 209 ‘DA KURDUĞU BUGÜN 2227 YAŞINDAKİ TÜRK ORDUSU ; HER ŞEYE RAĞMEN , KENDİSİNE KURULAN ŞEREFSİZCE TUZAKLARA RAĞMEN ;

KÖKLERİNDEN GELEN ASELETLE HALA DİMDİK AYAKTADIR. HALA NATO’NUN İKİNCİ , DÜNYANIN SAYILI BÜYÜK ORDUSUDUR.

BÜYÜK ATATÜRK ;

“TÜRK ORDUSU YENİLDİ DENİLİRSE SAKIN İNANMAYIN. YENİLEN BAŞINDAKİ KOMUTANLARDIR “ DERKEN …

ACI OLAN ŞUDUR Kİ ;

BUGÜN HARİTA OKUMAYI BİLMEYEN , CUMA NAMAZINA DAHİ KÜÇÜK BİR ÜLKENİN ORDUSU GİBİ KORUMA ORDUSU İLE GİDEBİLEN , MEHMET O MEHMET Kİ .O YİRMİ YAŞINDAKİ MEHMET . BUNLARIN İKTİDARA GELDİĞİ 2002 ‘DE DÖRT YAŞINDA BİR ÇOCUK OLAN O MEHMET BÜYÜDÜ BU VATAN İÇİN CAN VERİYOR.

BUNLARIN AÇILIM ZIRVASIYLA , HALİFELİK HAYLİYLE , BOP. EŞ BAŞKANLIĞI ZIRVALARIYLA

O ÇOCUKLAR BUGÜN CAN VERİYORLAR.

AMA BUNLAR, AMA BUNLAR UTANMADAN !

O MEHMET’İN TABUTUNA DAYANARAK SİYASET YAPIYORLAR , MEHMET CEPHEDE CAN VERİRKEN , PARTİ KONGERELERİNDE ,MEHMET’İN KANINI OYA ÇEVİRMEYE ÇALIŞYORLAR !

HEM DE MANKURTALARIN ALKIŞLARI ARASINDA !..

İŞİN BİR DİĞER ACI TARAFI , ASIRLIK ÇINAR TÜRK ORDUSUNU ,CEPHEDE “ ÖSO “ DENİLEN BİR TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜ İLE OMUZ , OMUZ’A SAVAŞMAYA ZORLAYAN VE KENDİLERİNİ KOMUTAN , BAŞ KOMUTAN ZANNEDEN BU ZİHNİYET …

PEKİ ; MEHMET’İN KAN DÖKEREK CAN VEREREK ALDIĞI TOPRAKLAR , YARIN MEHMET ÇEKİLİNCE “ ÖSO “ DENİLEN ÖRGÜTE BIRAKILINCA : KİM KAZANACAK , KAZANAN KİM OLACAK.?

TABİKİ DİĞERLERİ KAYBETSEDE EKÜRİLERİ “ ÖSO” ‘KAZANDIĞI İÇİN

NORMALDE KAZANANDA ONUN YETİŞTİRİCİSİ ,AHIR SAHİBİ AMARİKA DAN BAŞKASI OLMAYACAK...

YANİ ;

İŞİN GERÇEĞİ ,” BOP” YARIŞINDA TÜRKİYE OLARAK BİZDE AMERİKAN EKÜRİLERİNDEN BİRİSİNİN KAZANMASI DOLAYISI İLE ,AMARİKA İÇİN Mİ YARIŞIYORUZ. ÇALIŞIYORUZ .UTANMADAN MİLLETİN MİLLİ DUYGULARINI KULLANARAK ?..

BİRİLERİNİN KOLTUK VE SALTANATI İÇİN MEHMETİN KANI ,TÜRK MİLLETİNİN YARINLARINI MI SATILIYOR ?

[heretic-child]

In Rojava, a de facto autonomous region in northeastern Syria, Turkey’s military has been hitting vital infrastructure. Turkey’s bombardments have struck essential infrastructure, including power stations, fuel stores, and food production facilities, leaving over a million people deprived of water and electricity. These attacks seem to be part of a strategy to displace the local population, furthering a policy of Turkification and extending Turkish control over this Syrian territory.

In a notable demographic maneuver, Abdulrahman Apo, a Kurdish political leader, declared that Turkey has facilitated the relocation of 10,000 Arab Palestinians to Afrin, a city in Rojava under Turkish control, altering the population balance and diminishing the Kurdish presence.

Following the Turkish military’s capture of Afrin in March 2018, a strategy aimed at promoting Arabization in Kurdish territories, there has been significant financial backing from various Arab nations.

In 2013, the PYD and YPG formed three autonomous cantons in Syrian Kurdistan—Jazeera, Kobani, and Afrin—and established a Kurdish administration. These semi-autonomous areas were declared a “federal region” by Kurdish and Arab authorities on March 17, 2016. However, Turkey initiated a military offensive against the YPG in Afrin in January 2018, culminating in the ousting of YPG forces from the city with assistance from Syrian Islamic mercenaries.

It is evident that Turkey is determined to thwart the establishment of a Kurdish state, viewing it as a significant threat to its sovereignty, cultural heritage, and historical identity. Consequently, the Kurdish people remain in a perpetual state of uncertainty and oppression, a situation that demands attention and resolution.

[mariacallous]

After blocking Sweden’s bid to join NATO for nearly two years, the Turkish parliament ratified Stockholm’s accession on Jan. 23, reaffirming Ankara’s commitment to the Western alliance. A parliamentary majority that included the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), its ally the Nationalist Action Party (MHP), and the main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP) ultimately rallied in support of Sweden’s NATO accession. Hungary, the last remaining NATO member left to ratify Sweden’s accession, is expected to follow suit in the coming weeks.

Turkey’s support for Sweden’s accession long looked unlikely. By standing in the way, Turkey had a broader goal: to exploit the opportunity to undermine Western support for Kurdish aspirations in the Middle East. Sweden has been a sanctuary for the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), which Turkey labels a terrorist organization; it has offered political and financial support to PKK-linked Kurdish groups in northern Syria, the Democratic Union Party (PYD), and its military wing, the People’s Protection Units (YPG). To get Turkey’s backing to join NATO, Sweden agreed to cut these ties.

Still, a year ago, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan lambasted Sweden, saying that the country should not expect goodwill from Turkey if it fails to “show respect for the religious beliefs of Muslims and Turkish people.” Last September, Erdogan said Sweden had failed to keep its promises to Turkey to receive the green light, citing demonstrations in Stockholm in support of the PKK. Erdogan’s political ally Devlet Bahceli, who leads the far-right MHP, last year described Sweden as a “country that threatens our national existence,” adding that if Sweden remained unwilling to extradite Kurdish activists convicted of terrorism in Turkey, the MHP wouldn’t ratify its NATO accession.

Sweden refused this last demand, yet Erdogan and Bahceli still folded. This is welcome news for the United States and NATO, and it shows that nationalism and religious resentment ultimately take a back seat to Atlanticism in Turkey. However, Turkey’s stance on the so-called Kurdish issue will continue to sap NATO’s strength and credibility. The continued repression of the Kurds in Turkey is not in line with the democratic values that NATO purports to defend, and Turkey’s antagonism toward the Syrian Kurds puts it at odds with the United States. Turkey has now shown that it can bend, and in NATO’s strategic interests, it must do more than acquiesce to Sweden—it must acquiesce to a democratic resolution of the Kurdish question.

Erdogan’s and Bahceli’s statements about Sweden did reflect resentment among both the Turkish public and the governing elite. However, the target was never really Sweden but instead the United States, which many Turks now consider a hostile power because of its support for the Kurdish militants in Syria. Turkey sees the establishment of a de facto Kurdish state in Syria as the principal threat to its national security and resents that the United States arms and finances the PKK-linked Kurdish militants there. Turkey may have entertained the illusion that Washington would stop supporting the YPG in return for Turkey ratifying Sweden’s NATO membership.

Still, when it came to Sweden’s NATO accession, Turkey’s strategic imperative to stay anchored to the West carried the day. NATO membership remains as crucial for Ankara’s ruling elite today as it did when the country joined the alliance in 1952. Neither occasional clashes with Western powers nor Turkey’s business relations with Russia signal any latent desire to alter Turkey’s Western orientation. Geopolitical turmoil from Ukraine to the Red Sea makes it even more paramount for Turkey to maintain its ties to the West. Furthermore, Turkey depends on the United States to refurbish its air force and now expects that the U.S. Congress will lift its embargo on the $20 billion sale of F-16 aircraft and modernization kits to Turkey.

Turkey identifies as Western only in a military-strategic sense that does not imply belonging to the West in political-ideological terms—and it never has. Turkey shows how leaders who stand in opposition to the liberal and democratic values that NATO supposedly upholds can still embrace Atlanticism. Turkey was a democracy when it joined the bloc, but its democratic rule was regularly suspended by military coups without its membership being called into question. On the contrary, the coups aligned with NATO interests, as the military was loyal to the Western alliance and suppressed left-wing calls for a nonaligned Turkey.

In fact, NATO resources were mobilized in the service of anti-democratic forces in Turkey in the past, notably under Bahceli’s predecessor as MHP leader, Alparslan Turkes. A military officer, Turkes received counterinsurgency education in the United States in the 1950s. He played a leading role in Turkey’s 1960 military coup and was later connected to the political killings of leftist activists in Turkey in the 1970s. The latter campaign, led by right-wing militias, was motivated by the fear of a communist takeover. The Turkish military, the police, and the intelligence community benefited from covert NATO support and advice in their anti-communist campaign. No NATO allies questioned the role that Turkish security forces played.

Both NATO adherence and authoritarianism remain salient in Turkey. The Turkish parliamentary majority that ratified Sweden’s NATO accession was the same group of parties that made it possible to imprison lawmakers in 2016 by stripping parliamentarians of their immunity. That November, the co-chairs of the pro-Kurdish Peoples’ Democratic Party (HDP), Selahattin Demirtas and Figen Yuksekdag, and eight other HDP parliamentarians were arrested. They remain behind bars, in violation of fundamental democratic principles.

During the Cold War, anti-communism bound together liberal democracies and right-wing dictatorships, offering Atlanticism some ideological leeway. But NATO can no longer overlook violations of democratic principles among its members as lightly as it did back then, when the overriding goal of resisting communism conferred political legitimacy on authoritarian governments in Turkey, Greece, and Portugal. Today, as global forces pit Western democratic capitalism against Russian and Chinese authoritarian capitalism, the West’s claim to moral superiority relies exclusively on its pretention to represent democracy.

NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg rejoiced that completing Sweden’s accession to NATO “makes us all stronger and safer.” But democracy advocates in Turkey and beyond have reason to question an Atlanticism that is embraced by authoritarian and nationalist forces in Ankara—and in turn empowers them. The fact that a strategic imperative compels Turkey’s authoritarian leaders to back Sweden undermines the Western narrative that equates Atlanticism and the defense of liberal values.

Unless Western democrats and U.S. lawmakers begin caring as much about the liberation of imprisoned elected officials in Turkey as they do about Sweden joining NATO, Atlanticism will appear to lose some of its liberal democratic purpose. Furthermore, domestic repression in Turkey—and specifically the government’s refusal to accommodate the democratic demands of its Kurdish citizens—will have destabilizing regional effects. Ankara’s standoff with the Kurds will in turn keep the United States and Turkey at odds in Syria, standing in the way of their strategic relationship.

That Turkey has demonstrated that it has no other option than to submit to the United States and its allies reveals the limits of Turkish nationalism. It also offers U.S. lawmakers an opportunity to reassert the democratic purpose of Atlanticism. Although U.S. President Joe Biden urged Congress to approve the F-16 sale between Washington and Ankara “without delay” after Turkey ratified Sweden’s NATO accession, U.S. lawmakers should consider making the sale conditional on the release of Demirtas and other imprisoned elected officials in Turkey. Otherwise, NATO stands to lose credibility.

After a U.S. aircraft shot down a Turkish drone targeting Kurdish positions in northern Syria last October, a furious Erdogan vowed to respond, saying that Turkey has a “security problem” with the United States. But as Turkey’s capitulation over the ratification of Sweden’s NATO accession makes clear, the United States has little reason to worry. Washington should instead expect that increased pressure on Ankara to live up to NATO’s democratic standards will eventually pay off. A fully democratic Turkey would strengthen the bloc as much—if not more—than Sweden’s accession.

[tkatsumi06j]

Japan's Public Security Intelligence Agency removes Turkey's PKK and Palestine's HAMAS from "List of Global Terrorist and Armed Organizations"

by Hiroyuki Aoyama, Professor

Tokyo University of Foreign Studies

November 29, 2023

Originally posted on Yahoo!News:

Translated/Post-edited using DeepL.com

On November 28, Turkey's Haber 7, Yeni Yasam, and Harwar News (ANHA) - which is close to the Democratic Unity Party (PYD), a Syrian Kurdish nationalist organization - all reported that Japan's Public Security Intelligence Agency had removed the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) from "List of Global Terrorist and Armed Organizations" section on its official website.

トルコのハベル7、イェニ・ヤシャム、シリアのクルド民族主義組織の民主統一党（PYD）に近いハーワール・ニュース（ANHA）などは11月28日、日本の公安調査庁が公式サイト内の「世界のテロ・武装組織等」欄から、クルディスタン労働者党（PKK）を削除したと一斉に伝えた。

The PKK is an organization that Turkey considers a separatist terrorist organization. The Syrian PYD is a descendant of this organization.

PKKは、トルコが分離主義テロリストとみなす組織。シリアのPYDはこの組織の系譜を組む。

In addition to Turkey, the PKK has also been designated by the United States as an FTO (Foreign Terrorist Organization) on October 8, 1997. The U.S. CIA updated The World Factbook on its official website on January 24, 2018, equating the Syrian PYD with the PKK and designating the organization and its then co-leader, Salih Muslim, as a terrorist organization, a description that was removed shortly after (refer to my book, "膠着するシリア：トランプ政権は何をもたらしたか" (Stalemate in Syria: What Has the Trump Administration Brought?), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Press, 2021)

PKKは、トルコのほかにも、米国がFTO（外国テロ組織）に指定（1997年10月8日）している。米国はCIAが2018年1月24日に、公式サイト内の「ワールド・ファクトブック」（The World Factbook）を更新し、シリアのPYDをPKKと同一視して、同組織と当時の共同党首だったサーリフ・ムスリムをテロリストに指定したが、この記載はほどなく削除された（拙稿『膠着するシリア：トランプ政権は何をもたらしたか』東京外国語大学出版会、2021年）。

The People's Defenders of the Armed Forces (YPG), an armed group founded by the PYD, constitutes the main force of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), which was formed in Syria in October 2015 at the behest of the United States. The SDF is positioned one of the "partner forces" of the U.S.-led coalition of the willing (the Combined Joint Task Force - Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR)), which claims to be continuing the "war on terror" against the Islamic State and is fully supported by the United States.

PYDが創設した武装組織の人民防衛隊（YPG）は、2015年10月にシリアで米国の肝いりで結成されたシリア民主軍の主力部隊を構成している。このシリア民主軍はイスラーム国に対する「テロとの戦い」を継続していると主張する米主導の有志連合（「生来の決意」作戦合同任務部隊（CJTF-OIR（Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve））の「協力部隊」（partner forces）と位置づけられており、米国の全面支援を受けている。

On the other hand, Turkey has taken the position that the PKK, PYD, YPG, and SDF are nothing more than terrorists "flipping names on the billboard" and constantly criticizes the United States for fully supporting the SDF while designating the PKK as an FTO.

一方、トルコは、PKK、PYD、YPG、シリア民主軍がテロリストによる「看板の架け替え」に過ぎないとの立場をとっており、PKKをFTOに指定する一方で、シリア民主軍を全面支援する米国を常に批判している。

Japan's Public Security Intelligence Agency removed the PKK from the "Global Terrorist, Armed Organizations, etc." section of its official website on November 27 [2023].

日本の公安調査庁が公式サイトの「世界のテロ・武装組織等」欄からPKKを削除したのは11月27日。

Regarding this, Haber 7 reported that PKK supporters had recently been dancing Kurdish folk dances to PKK propaganda songs in Japan, and then reprinted an X (formerly Twitter) post (dated November 24) by economic reporter Takaaki Ishii, who criticized their activities.

これに関して、Haber 7は、PKK支持者らが最近になって、日本国内でPKKのプロパガンダ・ソングに合わせてクルド人の民俗舞踊を踊るなどしていたと伝えたうえで、その活動を批判する経済記者の石井孝明氏のX（旧ツイッター）のポスト（11月24日付）を転載した。

"They are strange people when they are doing wrong things. Why am I involved in this when I am doing it out of chivalry?I am sorry to be so frank, but I would appreciate your support."

ANHA, on the other hand, reported that the PSIA announced the deletion, and that the agency had previously listed the PKK as a terrorist organization under pressure from Turkey. However, there has been no announcement from the PSIA about the deletion, and there is no confirmation that Turkey has exerted pressure on the agency.

一方、ANHAは、公安調査庁が削除を発表したとしたうえで、トルコの圧力を受けて同庁がこれまでPKKをテロ組織として記載してきたと伝えた。だが、公安調査庁から削除についての発表はなく、トルコが圧力をかけてきたことも確認できない。

"HAMAS" also removed

ハマースも削除

Prior to November 27, Japan's PSIA listed 231 organizations in detail in the "Terrorist and Armed Organizations Worldwide" section of its official website (archived here).However, as of November 29, only 54 organizations are listed in the "Terrorist and Armed Organizations Worldwide" section.

11月27日以前の日本の公安調査庁が公式サイトの「世界のテロ・武装組織等」欄（アーカイブはこちら）には231の組織が詳解されていた。だが、29日現在の「世界のテロ・武装組織等」欄は54組織が掲載されているのみである。

Left: Before 27 November 2023 (most probably as of May 2023) Right: After 27 November 2023 (screenshot taken today, on 29th)

The following nine organizations have been added to the 54 organizations currently available for viewing: [Note: list of organizations omitted from translation due to possible issue with accuracy in auto-translation and time to research]

現在閲覧可能な54組織のなかには、以下の9組織が追加されている。

「アデン・イスラム軍」（IAA)

「アル・イッティハード・アル・イスラミア」（AIAI）

「ターリク・ギダル・グループ」（TGG）

「チェチェン殉教者リヤダス・サリヒン偵察破壊大隊」（RSRSBCM）

「ハラカト・シャーム・アル・イスラム」（HSI）

「ラハ・ソレイマン運動」（RSM）

「血判部隊」

「東トルキスタン・イスラム運動」（ETIM）

「イスラミック・ジハード・グループ/ユニオン」（IJG/IJU）

However, the Palestine's "HAMAS" and "Palestinian Islamic Jihad" (PIJ), which launched Operation Al Aqsa Flood on October 7, inviting the Israeli military to attack Gaza, as well as the Palestinian factions "Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades" (AAMB), "Army of Islam" (AOI), and "Mujahidin Shura Council around Jerusalem" (MSC), which are active in Palestine, Israel, and the surrounding countriesPalestinian factions active in Palestine, Israel, and neighboring countries, including the "Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades" (AAMB), the "Islamic Army" (AOI), the "Mujahidin Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem" (MSC), the "Popular Resistance Committees" (PRC), the "Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine" (PFLP), the "General Command Faction of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine" ((PFLP-GC), the "Palestine Liberation Front Abu Abbas Faction" (PLF), and the Lebanese "Hezbollah" (Hizbullah) have been removed. Also deleted are 183 organizations that include these groups.

だが、10月7日に「アクサーの大洪水」作戦を開始し、イスラエル軍によるガザ攻撃を招いたパレスチナの「ハマス」（HAMAS）（ハマース）や「パレスチナ・イスラミック・ジハード」（PIJ）（イスラーム聖戦機構）、そしてパレスチナ・イスラエル、および周辺諸国で活動するパレスチナ諸派の「アル・アクサ殉教者旅団」（AAMB）、「イスラム軍」（AOI）、「エルサレム周辺のムジャヒディン・シューラ評議会」（MSC）、「人���抵抗委員会」（PRC）、「パレスチナ解放人民戦線」（PFLP）、「パレスチナ解放人民戦線総司令部派」（PFLP-GC）、「パレスチナ解放戦線アブ・アッバス派」（PLF）、レバノンの「ヒズボラ」（ヒズブッラー）は削除されている。またこれらを含む183組織も削除されている。

Following are the list of organizations removed from the list: [Note: Same as above. Translation omitted for same reasons]

削除された183組織は以下の通り。

削除された183組織は以下の通り。

「ISILチュニジア」

「ISILベンガル」

「ISIL大サハラ」（ISGS）

「ISIL東アジア」（ISEA）

「アイルランド民族解放軍」（INLA）

「赤い手の防衛者」（RHD）

「赤い旅団」（BR、RB）

「アサイブ・アフル・ハック」（AAH）

「アジュナド・ミスル」

「アッサム統一解放戦線」（ULFA）

「アトムヴァッフェン・ディビジョン」（AWD）

「アハラール・アル・シャーム・イスラム運動」

「アフル・スンナ・ワル・ジャマア」（ASWJ）

「アフワーズ解放のためのアラブ闘争運動」（ASMLA）

「アフワーズ解放機構」（ALO）

「アフワーズ民主人民戦線」（ADPF）

「アラカン・ロヒンギャ救世軍」（ARSA）

「アル・アクサ殉教者旅団」（AAMB）

「アル・アシュタル旅団」（AAB）

「アル・ウマル・ムジャヒディン」

「アル・バドル」

「アル・ムラービトゥーン」

「アルジェリアのカリフ国家の戦士」

「アルスター義勇軍」（UVF）

「アルスター防衛協会」（UDA）

「アレックス・ボンカヤオ旅団-革命的プロレタリア軍」（ABB-RPA）

「アンサール」

「アンサール・アル・シャリーア」（シリア）

「アンサール・アル・シャリーア」（AAS、イエメン）

「アンサール・ウル・イスラム」（AI）

「アンサール・ガズワトゥル・ヒンドゥ」（AGH）

「アンサール・ディーン」（AD）

「アンサール・バイト・アル・マクディス」（ABM）

「アンサール・ヒラーファ・フィリピン」（AKP）

「アンサールッラー・バングラ・チーム」（ABT）

「イエメン州」

「イスラミック・ジハード・ユニオン」（IJU）

「イスラム・タリバン運動」（TTI）

「イスラム4（フォー）UK」（Islam4UK）

「イスラム軍」（AOI）

「イスラム集団」（GI）

「イスラム戦線」（IF）

「イラク・イスラム軍」（IAI）

「イラク革命者総軍事評議会」（GMCIR）

「インディアン・ムジャヒディン」（IM）

「インドネシア・ムジャヒディン評議会」（MMI）

「インド亜大陸のアルカイダ」（AQIS）

「インド学生イスラム運動」（SIMI）

「インド共産党毛沢東主義派」（CPI-M）

「エルサレム周辺のムジャヒディン・シューラ評議会」（MSC）

「オガデン民族解放戦線」（ONLF）

「オドゥーア人民会議」（OPC）

「オロモ解放戦線」（OLF）

「革命人民解放党・戦線」（DHKP/C）

「革命的セクト」（SE）

「革命的闘争」（RS、EA）

「革命旅団」

「カタイブ・ヒズボラ」（KH）

「カチン独立機構」（KIO）

「カハ」

「カビンダ解放戦線」（FLEC）

「カマタプル解放機構」（KLO）

「神の抵抗軍」（LRA）

「カリフ国家の軍」

「カレン民族同盟」（KNU）

「勧善懲悪」

「カンレイ・ヤオル・カンナ・ラプ」（KYKL）

「クルド労働者党」（PKK）

「クンプラン・ムジャヒディン・マレーシア」（KMM）

「継続IRA」（CIRA）

「ケベック解放戦線」（FLQ）

「コーカサス州」

「国際シーク青年連盟」（ISYF）

「国際主義者抵抗イニシアチブ」（IRI）

「国民解放軍」（FNL）

「国民行動」（NA）

「コロンビア革命軍」（FARC）

「コロンビア自警軍連合」（AUC）

「サビリーズ・ジャマート」

「ザ・ベース」

「サラヤ・アル・ムフタール」（SM）

「暫定アイルランド共和軍」（PIRA）

「シパエ・サハバ・パキスタン」（SSP）

「ジャイシュ・アル・アドル」（JAA）

「ジャイシュ・アル・イスラム」

「ジャイシュ・アル・ファテフ」

「シャヒード・ハムザ旅団」

「ジャマー・アンシャルシ・シャリーア」（JAS）

「ジャマーアト・ハマート・ダウワ・サラフィーヤ」（DHDS）

「ジャマート・アンサルッラー」

「ジャマートゥル・フルカーン」（JUF）

「ジャマートゥル・ムジャヒディン・バングラデシュ」（JMB）

「ジャミアトゥル・ムジャヒディン」（JUM）

「ジャム・カシミール解放戦線」（JKLF）

「シャリーア4（フォー）ベルギー」

「シャン州軍」（SSA）

「ジュヌード・アル・シャーム」

「ジュンダラ」（中東・北アフリカ）

「ジュンダラ」（南西・南アジア）

「ジュンド・アル・ヒラファ」（JAK）

「新赤い旅団・戦闘的共産主義者中核」（NBR-NCC、NCC）

「シンド解放軍」（SLA）

「シンド革命軍」（SRA）

「真のIRA」（RIRA）

「新パッタニ統一解放機構」（新PULO、New PULO）

「人民解放軍」（EPL）

「人民革命運動」（MRP）

「人民抵抗委員会」（PRC）

「スーダン人民解放運動北部」（SPLM-N）

「スクール・アル・シャーム」

「スリーパーセンターズ」

「センデロ・ルミノソ」（SL）

「戦闘的共産党創設のための反帝国主義領土中軸」（NTA-PCC）

「ソマリア州」

「ゾンネンクリーク・ディビジョン」（SKD）

「タクフィール・ワル・ヒジュラ」

「タミル・イーラム解放の虎」（LTTE）

「タリバン」

「ダルル・イスラム」（DI）

「中央アフリカ州」

「トリプラ民族解放戦線」（NLFT）

「トルコ州」

「ナガランド民族社会主義評議会」（NSCN）

「ナクシュバンディア教団信者軍」（JRTN）

「ナジュド州」

「西アフリカ州」

「ニジェール・デルタ解放運動」（MEND）

「西パプア民族解放軍」（TPNPB）

「ネオJMB」

「パキスタン州」

「バスク祖国と自由」（ETA）

「ハスム」

「パッタニ・イスラム・ムジャヒディン運動」（GMIP）

「パッタニ・マレー民族革命戦線」（BRN）

「パッタニ統一解放機構」（PULO）

「ババル・カルサ・インターナショナル」（BKI）

「ハマス」（HAMAS）

「ハラカト・アンサール・イラン」（HAI）

「パラグアイ人民軍」（EPP）

「ハルカトゥル・ムジャヒディン・アルアラミ」（HUM-A）

「バルチスタン解放軍」（BLA）

「パレスチナ・イスラミック・ジハード」（PIJ）

「パレスチナ解放人民戦線」（PFLP）

「パレスチナ解放人民戦線総司令部派」（PFLP-GC）

「パレスチナ解放戦線アブ・アッバス派」（PLF）

「バンサモロ・イスラム自由戦士」（BIFF）

「非公式アナキスト連盟」（FAI）

「ヒズブル・ムジャヒディン」（HM）

「ヒズボラ」

「ヒニウトレプ民族解放評議会」（HNLC）

「ヒンズー過激諸派」

「���ンド州」

「フィリピン共産党」（CPP）／「新人民軍」（NPA）

「フォイヤークリーク・ディビジョン」（FKD）

「フォルサン・アリザ」

「フッラース・アル・ディーン」（HAD）

「プラウド・ボーイズ」

「ペジャーク」（PJAK）

「ボドランド民族民主戦線」（NDFB）

「炎の陰謀中核」（SPF）

「マイマイ」

「マウテ・グループ」

「南スーダン解放軍」（SSLA）

「民主同盟軍」（ADF）

「民族解放軍」（ELN）

「ムジャヒディン軍」（JAM）

「モジャヘディネ・ハルグ」（MKO）

「モロ・イスラム解放戦線」（MILF）

「モロ民族解放戦線」（MNLF）

「モンバサ共和評議会」（MRC）

「預言者ムハンマドのイスラム法施行運動」（TNSM）

「ラシュカレ・イスラム」（LI）

「ラハ・ソレイマン・イスラム運動」（RSIM又はRSM）

「リビア州」

「リヤダス・サリヒン偵察破壊大隊」（RSRSB）

「ルーベ団」

「ルワンダ解放民主軍」（FDLR）

「ロイヤリスト義勇軍」（LVF）

「ロシア帝国運動」（RIM）

「ワ州連合軍」（UWSA）

「10月1日反ファシスト抵抗グループ」（GRAPO）

「11月17日革命機構」（EO17N、17N）

「3月23日運動」（M23）

Born in Tokyo in 1968. Professor at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. Graduated from Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. Doctorate degree from Hitotsubashi University. Representative of the Sadaqa Initiative (https://sites.google.com/view/sadaqainitiative70), a campaign to support victims of the Syrian earthquake.Formerly a joint researcher at the French-Arab Institute in Damascus, Syria, and a researcher at JETRO's Institute of Developing Economies.　He specializes in the politics, ideology, and history of the contemporary East Arab region.　His publications include "Syria in Stalemate," "The Situation in Syria," "Stalemate in Syria," and "Russia and Syria". He runs a website, "Syrian Arab Spring: The Journey of the Syrian Arab Spring" (http://syriaarabspring.info/).

1968年東京生まれ。東京外国語大学教授。東京外国語大学卒。一橋大学大学院にて博士号取得。シリア地震被災者支援キャンペーン「サダーカ・イニシアチブ」（https://sites.google.com/view/sadaqainitiative70）代表。シリアのダマスカス・フランス・アラブ研究所共同研究員、JETROアジア経済研究所研究員を経て現職。専門は現代東アラブ地域の政治、思想、歴史。著書に『混迷するシリア』、『シリア情勢』、『膠着するシリア』、『ロシアとシリア』などがある。ウェブサイト「シリア・アラブの春顛末記」（http://syriaarabspring.info/）を運営。

[hamitbyd-blog]

CHP'nin hazırladığI ve Kilıçdaroğlu'nun hesabından

paylaşılan 100. yıl videosunda Kibrıs'taki Türk mücahitler

diye o dönem Türk bayrağını ele geçiren EOKAcıların

fotoğrafi kullanıldı.

Cehalet ise skandal kasıtli yapıldıysa çok daha büyük

skandal..

Pkk,pyd ,ypg li oldu yetmedi

Şimdide Eokacı oldu

[06cedmuho]

ABD Yapımı Deaş Terör Örgütü Üyeleri Serbest Bırakıldı #abd #Deaş #ypg/pkk/pyd

[scottishcommune]

To all supporters of the Kurdish liberation struggle, anti-fascists, socialists, feminists, anarchists, communists, environmentalists, and those dedicated to a better world: Turkey has launched probably the most widespread bombing campaign North-Eastern Syria has faced so far. Since October 5th, Turkey has conducted over 30 airstrikes, primarily in the Cizîre region and Kobanê. These airstrikes have targeted vehicles, villages, and especially critical civilian infrastructure, including oil- and power plants & gas stations, resulting in civilian casualties and casualties among internal security forces. Large areas experienced a total power blackout, with many hospitals, bread factories and other critical public institutions without electricity. The attacks continued this morning when a Corona Hospital & a power station were targeted. Despite the obvious war crimes, no reaction has been heard from the international community so far.

[habercafe]

Gaziantep'te PKK/PYD Sempatikliği Nedeniyle Bir Şahıs Gözaltına Alındı

Gaziantep’te Terör Sempatikliği Gözaltına Alındı Gaziantep’te, sosyal medya platformları üzerinden PKK/KCK-PYD/YPG silahlı terör örgütü sempatizanlığı yaptığı belirlenen bir şahıs, jandarma ekipleri tarafından yakalandı. Bu durum, terörle mücadele çabalarının bir parçası olarak dikkat çekti. Gaziantep İl Jandarma Komutanlığı ve Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı’nın koordineli çalışmaları kapsamında, terör…

[dakikamagazin]

Melisa Sözen'in Fransız dizisinde oynadığı rol sosyal medyayı ikiye böldü

[eminsoydandogru]

Kilis'te terör örgütü PKK/PYD/YPG şüphelisi tutuklandı

[pazaryerigundem]

Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Suriye'de barış iklimi için çabalıyoruz

https://pazaryerigundem.com/haber/182674/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-suriyede-baris-iklimi-icin-cabaliyoruz/

Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Suriye'de barış iklimi için çabalıyoruz

Newsweek dergisinin sorularını yanıtlayan Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Suriye’de terör örgütlerinin varlığı ve istikrarsızlığa karşı NATO’dan yeterli desteği alıp alınmadığına ilişkin soruya, “Günü geldiğinde, Suriyeli misafirlerimiz savaşı geride bırakarak ülkelerine gönüllü olarak döneceklerdir. Bizler de bu amaçla gayretlerimizi artıracağız” yanıtını verdi.

ANKARA (İGFA) – Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Newsweek dergisinin sorularını yanıtladı.

Suriye krizinin çözümüne dair Türkiye’nin vizyonuna ve bu bölgedeki ABD askerî varlığına dair soruya, “Biz, komşumuz olan Suriye’deki çatışmalardan en çok etkilenen milletiz. ABD, Suriye’deki Kürtleri değil, teröristleri destekliyor. Biz, Suriyeli Kürtleri destekliyor ve haklarını koruyoruz” diyerek yanıtlayan Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, “PKK/PYD/YPG terör örgütü, SDG kisvesi altında bölgede terör eylemleri gerçekleştiriyor. Özellikle Suriyeli Kürtlere zulmediyor. Bölgedeki Kürtleri, Arapları ve Türkmenleri tehdit eden ve topraklarından süren ABD’nin desteklediği bu teröristlerdir. PKK/PYD/YPG terör örgütü, ‘DEAŞ’la mücadele’ bahanesiyle verilen desteği Türkiye’ye ve Suriye’ye saldırmak için kullanıyor. DEAŞ’la gerçek anlamda mücadele eden biziz. DEAŞ ile yakın çatışmaya giren tek NATO müttefiki biziz. Suriye’de bir barış iklimi için çabalıyoruz. Bütün bu çatışmaların çözümü Suriye’de toprak bütünlüğü temelinde yeni bir toplumsal birlikteliktir. Suriye’nin bölgesel ve küresel güçlerin bilek güreşi yaptığı bir toprak parçası değil, terörden tamamen arındırılmış ve Suriyeliler tarafından yönetilen müreffeh bir devlet olması temel arzumuzdur.” diye konuştu.

Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Suriye’de terör örgütlerinin varlığı ve istikrarsızlığa karşı NATO’dan yeterli desteği alıp alınmadığına ilişkin, “Irak ve Suriye’de DEAŞ’ın yanında Kürt isyancılar değil, teröristler var. Herhangi bir etnik ya da dini grubu temsil etmiyorlar. Her iki terör örgütü de doğrudan terörizmi ve onun iğrenç amaçlarını temsil etmektedir. Bizim ne Suriye’deki ne de Irak’taki Kürt nüfusla bir sorunumuz yok. Bizim teröristlerle bir sorunumuz var ve teröristleri etkisiz hâle getirerek bu sorunu çözmeye çok yakınız. Bölgemizde bir terör devleti kurabileceklerini düşünenler için bu tam bir hayaldir ve asla gerçekleşmeyecektir. Günü geldiğinde, Suriyeli misafirlerimiz savaşı geride bırakarak ülkelerine gönüllü olarak döneceklerdir. Bizler de bu amaçla gayretlerimizi artıracağız.” diye konuştu.

Bazı NATO müttefiklerinin ne yazık ki destek olmak bir yana Türkiye’nin işini daha da zorlaştıran yaklaşım ve eylemlerine şahit olduklarını kaydeden Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, “Sınırlarımız içinde ve dışında durumu kontrol altında tutmaya, gerektiği zaman ve ölçüde müdahale ederek çözüm stratejimizi uygulamaya devam ediyoruz.” dedi.

Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Gazze’de yaşananlara dair soruya, “İsrail ile Gazze arasındaki durum bir savaş değil; bu, İsrail’in insan hakları ve uluslararası hukuku hiçe sayan ve sonuçta katliamlara neden olan saldırılarıdır. Filistinliler, Gazze’de sadece evlerini, sokaklarını ve vatanlarını savunuyorlar. İsrail, günlerdir Gazze’de sivillerin yaşadığı ve sığındığı sivil altyapıyı kasıtlı olarak hedef alıyor. Biz buna ilk günden bu yana karşı çıkıyoruz.” yanıtını verdi.

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