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But, do I have to work there?

3. Metropolis presents a dystopic, unequal society in which technology is used to control the masses. Pick a scene from the movie and compare it to a technology you observe in Berlin.

Metropolis is a film that is truly timeless with its depiction of technological influence on functionality of society.  Although the movie received harsh critiques, the underlying message is one that cannot be overlooked or completely denied.  The plot centers around a city that adheres to hierarchical structure by divide of two classes of citizens; the working people, and the rich and privileged.  The working class is seen as disadvantaged and have one purpose--to do their jobs.  Furthermore, the inhumane view of everyone being replaceable is driven into their heads from the beginning of their unfortunate careers.  While watching the film, specifically the scene where all of the workers are lined in order with matching clothes and dreaded looks on their faces, knowing their day will forever consist of mundane, repetitive tasks, I recognized a comparison to a tour we took in Stuttgart.    

Part of the tour at Bosch consisted of walking through the plant and observing the machinists on duty.  That organization is extremely structured and houses a number of standards and regulations that the employees must abide by.  They are given uniforms that are consistently identical to every employee suit, much like the uniforms the workers in Metropolis received.  Additionally, the flow of work is alike, meaning workers receive one task to complete, and it never changes.  Our tour guide, Daniel commented on the monotonous duties their workers endure on a daily basis.  Manufacturing production duties tend to be very basic and recurring with little room for change. Finally, Bosch runs a tight business that relies entirely on time; be it production time, break time or time out of office.  The organization could not function without usage of clocks or strict guidelines.  Similarly, Metropolis contains a very strong reliance on time as well.  So much in fact that a worker has to be present at all times to man the clock that runs the city.  Bosch and Metropolis have their differences, but overall, the basic structure of the two are very comparable. 

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I spy graffiti.

Prompt 3 (extended): At Teufelsberg this week you will see a huge amount of graffiti. It’s a cultural phenomenon here - highly skilled artists have been allowed to paint the walls of this defunct spy station. Some murals have lasted years, while others are painted over from one week to the next. As Ledingham tells us, “Public relations is best defined and practiced as the active attempt to restore and maintain a sense of community.” How is this graffiti a function of community building/maintenance? How might this space be different in the U.S.? Would the owners of this property or the federal government be likely to allow this long-term graffiti haven to continue untouched by anyone who isn’t part of the community? Post a selection of murals to illustrate your post.

Teufelsberg is a must-see for anyone, in my opinion.  Before visiting, I was a tad apprehensive about whether or not I would be interested in a former, now deserted German spy facility.  But, I believe that was the absolute coolest experience of any that I had in Berlin.  While exploring the buildings and random areas around the site, I kept feeling as though I was almost in a different world.  The noise level was minimal, no running water or electricity, and the feel of the organization was completely laid back.  This was especially evident within the graffiti spaces. 

The charm of Teufelsberg is due to the sense of community the entire place creates, but specifically in regards to the artwork known as graffiti painted throughout the organization. Artists are allowed to visit the site and paint depictions of a cause, belief and random feelings or thoughts. They have the freedom to create a message of any kind without fear of judgment or critique.  It is purely a place of open speech and creativity.  Providing this opportunity for people is an awesome way of building and maintaing a community.  Graffiti artists have the chance to gather, share opinions and grow off of one another.  I believe this strengthens the organization and gives everyone a reason to keep pushing forward to up-keeping the site. 

This space would differ in the United States for various reasons.  For one, I do not think artists would be allowed to paint certain representations, such as, half naked women, phrases alluding to drug usage, or negative military-related portrayals.  Also, there would most likely be regulations implemented to ensure no one crosses a line.  For example, artists may only be allowed to paint a certain amount of square inches or possibly their design could have to be approved before the actual painting went onto the wall.  Furthermore, I can imagine the artists being charged a hefty sum of money to “rent” a space, along with being penalized for any rule breaking, whether the penalty is monetary or in another form.

Keeping the graffiti haven flourishing and private to those only a part of the direct community cannot be easily accomplished by the owners or federal government. One reason I believe this to be true is because of something my tour guide mentioned when he saw me taking a picture of one of the artists in the midst of a paining session.  He asked that no photographs be taken for obvious reasons.  Later I understood what he meant by that general statement.  The majority of those artists, possibly him included are local graffiti artists who “may or may not” display their work on the sides of train cars.  Meaning, if their work were seen and recognized by government personnel, they could potentially be fined and imprisoned for a very long period of time.  This would be extremely harmful to the growth of the organization and overall respect for artist’s creations. 

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You go, girl.

Capture an advertisement that you think would be ineffective in the U.S. Tell me why it would be ineffective, and then describe how you might do it differently for a U.S. market. Post a photo of the advertisement so that your classmates and I can see what you’re referring to.

Upon arrival in Europe, I never truly realized the contrast in advertising within Europe and the United States.  But after I spent some time here, I acknowledge the cultural differences. Pictured below is a photo of a woman holding a constuction sign that says “Betreten der Baustelle!” This means, unauthorized entry prohibited.  I ate ice cream in a restaurant directly beside the sign, and I remember seeing people casually strolling by the construction sign, not giving it a second glance.  However, if I am completely honest, I thought it was a bit strange to see a female wearing a sleeveless shirt, overalls, and a hard hat holding a sign of no entry to a construction zone. This was definitely a display I have never witnessed in America, and I do not believe this would be an effective advertisement within the U.S.

Unfortunately, I think this ad would draw a lot of attention--not the positive kind.  In America, women are regularly but not always viewed as incompetent, subordinates who are extremely sexualized.  Specifically, this advertisement fosters a message of power displayed in the woman’s hands.  She is delivering demanding communication of “no entry.”  Therefore, exhibiting dominance over all who may consider entering the premises.  Personally, I have only seen one female construction worker in my entire life, and I do not believe U.S. citizens, especially males would take a sign such as this one seriously at all.  Not insinuating they would disobey and put themselves in danger solely based on disagreement with a woman displaying the “rules.”  I simply think some would question, possibly mock, or sexualize the image.  On the flip-side, in Germany, based on the non-reaction of pedestrians passing by the construction sign, I could tell the display was just another form of messaging on the street.  

In order for this advertisement to be effective in the U.S., I believe the woman would have to wear clothes with more coverage, perhaps long sleeves.  Also, the make-up and hair look to be a little over done; realistically, if she is a construction worker, she would probably need to have a look of tiredness with less perfected hair and possibly dirt on her clothes and/or face.  Sadly, the U.S. market would likely need those alterations to genuinely see the advertisement exactly for what it is.  

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Faster, stronger, better

Prompt 2: Find an example at Autostadt that illustrates a quote from the Carrabine and Longhurst reading.  How is VM making meaning about automotive consumption?  What appeals do they make to youth culture - or not?

Autostadt was an unexpected experience that immersed me into the world of luxurious automobile production, sales, and advertising.  The layout of the grounds was remarkably thought-out, and instantly I felt I was in a place of lavishness and high expense.  The goal of the organization is to create an experience for their customers, not just a simple transactional process. Therefore, they offer a service where consumers may purchase a vehicle with the promise from the manufacturer that the car will not be driven by a single person before them, then the vehicle is placed in their storage tower until the client arrives for pick-up.  In the mean-time, that person may enjoy a stay in the on-site Ritz Carlton hotel while receiving five-star accommodations for the weekend.  Overall, Autostadt strives for top notch customer satisfaction for people of all demographics. 

Specifically, Volkswagen effectively communicates to audiences their high-grade automobiles with grave attention to consumer desires.  VW is exceptional at pinpointing vehicles for specific publics, such as, targeting upper-class, older-aged persons with the more expensive, luxurious vehicles.  With their knowledge of certain groups making a push for more economical fuel and environmentally friendly options, the company offers a “greener” solution with their electric and hybrid cars.  Also, in an effort to really grow the business, there are a variety of options for families, for example the 2017 Touran, which can accommodate up to seven passengers and has commendable safety ratings.  Therefore, Volkswagen makes meaning about automotive consumption through dedication of maintaining an innovative, thriving company through efficient diversification of distinctive audiences with an end target of establishing consumer contentment. In addition to their focus on diverse groups such as senior citizens, business men and women, and families, there is also a concentration on the youth at Autostadt. 

When people visit the organization, there is a sense of adventure and excitement orbiting the entire space.  Each brand of automobile has a specific show room that represents the company in a very appealing manner, especially pertaining to the younger generation.  The Lamborghini exhibit was by far the most experiential of the displays.  A video of a car played on a screen in a room that was very dimly lit.  Throughout the picture, the sound of the engine became louder and louder, until the ground and walls shook, making visitors feel as if they were actually sitting in a Lamborghini. At the peak of the clip, the Lamborghini that was once positioned on the exterior of the building rotated on the wall until it was fixed on the interior where the audience stood.  Simultaneously smoke was released in the room, and the engine reached an ultimate high.  The company was successfully able to create an experience like no other--one that especially attracted the youth.  As Carrabine and Longhurst explain, “Of course, these fantasies are reinforced through car advertising, which celebrates danger, irresponsibility, excitement and the gendered control of space (183).” I noticed many younger people reacting very enthusiastically to the experience, and I believe this is because younger age groups are more prone to interest in danger, irresponsibility, and excitement. 

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Nazis and Sports.

Prompt 1: As we have discussed, there are many sciences and technologies involved in athletics. These sciences and technologies may or may not be communicated for various reasons. Briefly compare what each of the following governmental bodies were trying to communicate about sports science and technology, and to what public(s).- Nazi Reich and Olympia Stadium - City state of Berlin and the Füchse handball game, East Germany and the Olympics. Use the Olympia movie, stadium tour, and Dimeo reading to support your posts.

Nazi Reich and Olympia Stadium

In 1936, Berlin, Germany held the summer olympics, which was the leader of the Nazi Reich, Adolf Hitler’s, first major, successful attempt at a large-scale project.  He wanted to portray to the visiting countries (the public) that Germany, “his” country could outdo them in every aspect, beginning with the stadium itself.  I noticed during our tour that the overall layout is simplistic and aesthetically pleasing to the eye.  Hitler wanted the finest architecture, and the materials used for building were of high quality.  Within the stadium, he had a specific order in mind.  One, where he was positioned to be seated directly above the field, in the middle section.  That area was the most visible from all angles and ensured everyone who entered the stadium could acknowledge his presence and governmental position. 

Also, Hitler displayed his power by regulating and making final calls for all winnings.  For example, even though an African-American track runner from the U.S. named Jesse Owens won a first place medal and broke a world record, his victory was recanted because “the wind was blowing too hard, giving him an advantage.”  

In addition to executing a nice stadium configuration and maintaining power throughout the games, he also recruited a well-known film-maker, Leni Riefenstahl in 1938, to produce the movie Olympia. The idea behind the film was to document the Olympic games with a German bias.  The first fifteen minutes consisted of scenes exemplifying Greek athletic supremacy then slowly leading into sights of the German flag at the highest point in the stadium above all other countries. She was strategic in her placement of Germany affiliated items and shots, which sub-consciously creates for viewers the idea that Germany is the ultimate powerhouse. This was Hitler’s final push for creating an image of dominance and glorified perspective for the country.  

City State of Berlin and the Füchse Handball Game

Handball was a foreign concept to me before my attendance at an actual game in Berlin. The very first thing I noticed was the long line of people waiting to enter the arena, ticket in hand, and very anxious.  Then, when I entered the building, I felt an adrenaline rush, one very similar to the type I get when I enter the Clemson football stadium.  Fans were dressed in team colors, dancing and singing to the music, and concession lines were filled with customers.  The actual game was intense and involved a lot of shouting and cheering.  This is when I realized that the people of Berlin lived for those moments.  That handball game brought citizens from all over the city state of Berlin together for one event.  Sports is a very successful platform for producing economical growth and creating cohesiveness for a large group of people, which is exactly what Füchse handball games are utilized for. 

East Germany and the Olympics

During the Olympics, there was a very controversial issue at hand that did not receive very much attention at the time; doping.  German athletes involved in the games were given performance-enhancing drugs to increase the chances of victories. East Germany coerced and distributed these medications with a strict policy of don’t-ask-don’t-tell.  If athletes questioned the reasoning or even type of drugs they were given, the administration simply directed them to do as they were told. The intentions behind doping was to create a depiction of superiority for Germany.  Athletics were not just seen as a sporting event for citizens to attend for entertainment but an opportunity for the country to dominate others. However, according to Dimeo, “It has been claimed that the GDR cheated its way to success, damaged the health of numerous athletes and left a legacy of cynicism around elite international sport (220).” Honestly, I tend to agree with this view because Germany did not rise to success on genuineness. 

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Prompt 1: How can cultural stereotypes hinder cross-cultural or international public relations?  How is culture a factor in managing international PR? Find a person not from the U.S. (on the street or at a restaurant... somewhere outside the hotel) and ask them for one stereotype about people from the U.S.

The Interview

The U.S. undoubtedly has stereotypes that obstruct the views of citizens within the country and outside as well.  These labels may shed positive light on America, such as, opinions of our strong military or beautiful landscapes.  We may be seen as a thriving and healthy country to some people.  However, when I interviewed a pedestrian while visiting Autostadt, he spoke less highly of the United States in my opinion.  

Honestly, sadly, I was not shocked by the interviewee’s first thoughts of our country; fast food and Donald Trump.  Wow.  We are known for Burger King and a vastly disliked man.  Fast food is extremely Americanized, and there is no surprise that other countries view us as the burger gurus. Also, recently, when our new President was announced, the majority of Europe went through a period of devastation and still holds Trump at a very low ranking.  I remember my very first week in Stuttgart was consumed with comments from Europeans about America’s latest leader.  They are not fans of our current governmental system and are very forthcoming with their thoughts.  

Cultural Stereotypes and PR

Cultural stereotypes hinder cross-cultural or international public relations in a number of ways.  First, when citizens already hold a certain opinion of another region or country, it is difficult for positive public relations efforts to be effective.  For example, if America wants to foster the image of a welcoming, friendly country, then suggestions of building walls between countries will have to be eliminated.  When I hear discussions about Trump, one of the first concerns voiced is that of his intentions to separate Mexico from the United States.  Furthermore, culture is a factor in managing international PR because being unaware of cultural differences and adopting an ethnocentric view regarding other societies can be very harmful for all parties involved.  In order for successful international PR to be generated, one must first understand variances between cultures.  Consider, if America would like to rid of cross-cultural negative thoughts (manage PR) about our President, we must first ask the question of why these people feel this way? What can we do as a country to enhance their opinions and ultimately transition their pessimistic views to ones of optimism?

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Prompt: Car Interview

Ask a stranger in Berlin about their favorite type of car or driving activity/experience/memory. Post a short video of this discussion. Find a quote in Featherstone and explain how it relates it to the response of your interviewee. The quote can support the interviewee, disagree with them, or be a mixture of both. Your job is to articulate a connection between the reading and your interviewee’s response.

Germany has an extensive history with automobiles and technology, which was very helpful when seeking someone to discuss their relationship with cars. Mary was absolutely delightful and loved telling me about her experience with her personal vehicle. Although she does not appreciate the comfortability or spaciousness of her Mazda, she does appreciate the convenience and style. 

Mary discussed her love for traveling and remembers fondly how she spontaneously packed her brand new car and hit the road with her dog in the passenger seat, with a destination of Italy in mind.  She seeks adventure and uses her car as a tool do so.  Featherstone made a statement that is very applicable to Mary’s thoughts, “Not only an attractive marketing image in which cars are positioned traversing the wild parts of the planet such as deserts and mountain passes, but something which also speaks to powerful cultural dreams of adventure and freedom: the capacity to go anywhere, to move and dwell without asking permission, the self-directed life free from the surveillance of the authorities (2).” She views her car as not only a means of transportation, but a way to see the world through the accessibility of her own vehicle.  

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We won’t forget.

Prompt 3 (extended): We visit Sachsenhausen this week. The holocaust undeniably was a crisis, and created a series of cascading crises for Germany, Europe, and the world over the following months and years. Thinking about the Guth reading, how does Sachsenhausen function as a response to that crisis? How does the organization utilize Sachsenhausen (and museums/memorials like it) to pursue healing, restoration, and a prospective vision for the future with the various publics affected by the holocaust? Make specific connections to both the Guth reading and the ECC (Effective Crisis Comm) reading - again, quotes are a good way to do this.

The Visit

Sachsenhausen was truly a life-changing experience--one I believe everyone should undergo.  I knew that the tour of the former concentration camp would be difficult to get through, but I was not prepared for the heart-wrenching reality of the conditions those prisoners lived in on a daily basis.  As our tour guide led us around the site, I had an unsettling, surreal feeling, almost eerie. The Holocaust has always been a faint topic of discussion, in which I never genuinely grasped the severity until I walked the ground of the men who were treated so brutally.  That unfortunate event in history was arguably the biggest crisis I believe the world has ever seen.

Crisis Management

The citizens of the region of Sachsenhausen were faced with a decision following the ending of the Holocaust.  Should they tear the structure down and “move on?” Or, should they preserve the remaining evidence and display to the world a time of pain and suffering?  I am so pleased that they chose the second option.  The organization recognized the importance of maintaining the purest representation of the hardships during that era.  So, they rebuilt barracks, mimicked the security system, and conserved the murdering sites. 

Crisis management was absolutely necessary for restorative progression following the Holocaust, and I noticed examples of their efforts throughout the camp.  One method of healing and closure, positioned directly behind the shooting pit is a commemorative strip of photos of Soviets who were murdered but never identified.  I think this effort is so incredibly important for visitors to see.  Not only is the organization recognizing the lost prisoners through a private memorial within the camp, they are showing every person who was taken matters, even if a photo is the only proof.  

An additional technique of creating healing through Sachsenhausen is through statues and memorial sites, specifically locations where people may leave flowers and memoirs for lost prisoners.  When we entered the gas chamber and shooting area, a figure of two victims and an officer stood on a slab that is open for the public to place items.  The sun was setting and reflected such a light of peace and understanding.  I think the arrangement was no mistake; the organization wants to present a means of rehabilitation in an area where no one from that era could see the light at the end of the devastating tunnel.  Now, the structure is the prominent piece in that location, not the gas chamber or other rooms of torture.  Therefore, the statue represents dominance and perseverance.

 Applied to Readings

I remember wondering how an organization can possibly undertake such a huge movement. Guth rose a very interesting question, “Although all organizations face potential danger, are larger organizations more vulnerable (124)?” Not only is this organization extremely large, but the vulnerability of their actions is so major.  High emotions are on the line, and a variety of publics are relevant. They must produce exceptional crisis management to ensure utmost respect and understanding for all victims, loved ones, and visitors in general. To further the thought of creating a healthy method of restoration, Ulmer states that “In fact, our proposition is that crises can actually lead to positive outcomes (2).” I would never consider the Holocaust to be a positive event, but the country is strengthening and forming a closeness that may have never happened. Germany underwent the most difficult period of inhumane treatment the country and possibly world has ever witnessed.  They will forever rebuild their people, country and hearts, and maintaining places like Sachsenhausen is a very positive step in that direction. 

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Um, I’m confused.

Prompt 2: Luke Lalor from AlphaPool Content Marketing is coming to talk with us about his firm and what they do. For this post, you need to take careful notes during Luke’s talk so that you can go out this week and find an example of something he discusses. Specifically, you need to identify a concept he discusses, then find an example of that practice (1) done well, and (2) done poorly.

AlphaPool PR Success Tips

Luke Lalor had such a compelling, informative discussion with our group about AlphaPool Content Marketing, and I learned so many things that I genuinely believe will carry through into my future career.  Specifically, I took extensive notes on his ideas and views about creating quality work for not only their customers but the publics they aim to reach through effective Public Relations (PR) efforts.  When one of my classmates asked how AlphaPool produces successful Public Relations, he explained that he must keep the desires of three audiences in the forefront of his mind; Brand (customer), reality, and the public.

In order for Luke and his team to create effective communication through PR, he must first, think about the intent or purpose of the brand at hand.  What message is his company trying to portray?  Then, he considers what is realistic.  Is the message he is fostering in public through PR realistic?  Will people understand, relate and react the correct way?  Finally, he focuses on what the public would like to see.  What is a creative means of communicating the message? What formatting and wording will be easily read and digested?  

While walking the streets of Berlin, I have noticed many examples of this idea executed well and executed poorly.  For example, the below photo represents a message of defiance and disapproval of the current pension plan in Germany.  It states, “65% of Germans demands no pension policy at the expense of our children,” with a background of a wide variety of people sitting in unity. Currently, the Chancellor of Germany, Angela Merkel, is pushing for an early retirement age of sixty-one, which results in less elderly employment and higher taxes for the middle-aged working class.

The Good

Pertaining to Luke’s theory of successful Public Relations, this advertisement presents a clear purpose of the brand (idea), to inform the public of unfairness in the government pension plan. Second, the PR is realistic because the message is clear, concise, provides easy-to-read facts with an overall representation of a very powerful message. Lastly, the public’s desires are relevant because the message applies to every German citizen, especially those falling under the demographic of parents to children or elderly citizens, which make up the majority of the population. 

The Bad

The below advertisement found at a train station in Berlin would definitely be considered a poor example of Luke’s idea of successful PR.  TURM ErlebnisCity Oranienburg is a waterpark for people of all ages, especially families.  “Mehr als ein Erlebnis” means “more than an experience.”   Based on the picture and that wording, when I first saw the ad, I thought nothing of a waterpark.  The messaging is unclear and creates a sexual connotation, not one of familial interest. 

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Medicine is good.

Prompt 2: At the Museum of Medical History

Choose a quote from the Habermas encyclopedia article. Explain in your own words what this quote means. Apply this quote to a health science or technology, from any time period, you observe at the museum. Why does this science or technology need a public sphere to debate and discuss it? How is it an issue of relevance to the quality functioning of a democratic society? What is a contemporary health technology or science being debated in American public sphere(s)?

Health Science Observed

To be honest, I thought I was prepared for the Museum of Medical History, but I was wrong.  Our group saw some pretty gory stuff, but I learned a lot. Mostly, the tour was designed to inform tourists about the evolvement of the history of medicine, research, medical equipment, and surgeries, specifically in Germany.  Naturally, our guide discussed the progression of finding cures and/or treatment for diseases, such as, diphtheria, tetanus, and tuberculosis.  Those discussions led to a conversation about amputations, which I found to be the most astounding and interesting of the topics.  

She explained that during the 1800s, amputations were not forbidden but definitely avoided if at all possible.  The reasoning behind doctors not wanting to perform such difficult procedures was simply due to lack of medical experience, proper medicinal aid, and sterilization.  For example, because of the lack of anesthesia and pain killers, patients had no more than three minutes of pain tolerance.  The overbearing feeling literally resulted in a succumbed state of shock, and the person would usually die instantly.  However, Napoleon was substantially more experienced and superior to other surgeons, as he could amputate within seconds and performed roughly 200 amputations per day.

Amputation Kit from the 1800s

Related to Habermas Reading

This issue was viewed as inhumane by some, and citizens were not in favor of the extremity of pain levels and deaths reflected through amputation procedures.  In order to include the public and present their concerns, opportunities were offered to voice their opinions. Habermas furthers this thought by stating, “To be sure, state authority is usually considered ‘public authority,’ but it derives its tasks of caring for the well-being of all citizens primarily from this aspect of the public sphere (1).”  This particular example of health science needs the public sphere to discuss because amputation was a debate of whether or not procedures were to be considered humane.  Would it be morally correct for the person to die a natural death? Or should they undergo severe, life-threatening pain on a gamble of prolonging life? In order to truly be apart of a democratic society, I feel as though opinions must be heard and truly considered.

Health Science debated in America

Throughout the years, I have seen a number of debates about the usage of prosthetic limbs.  The rehabilitation of such equipment can cause extensive, excruciating pain.  The outcome of the implementation is absolutely positive, but people who go through the procedure and/or witness/know someone who is a part of the recovery may see things differently, and their opinions deserve to be voiced. 

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Take care of yourself.

1. At the DDR (aka GDR: German Democratic Republic, East Germany) Museum:


Find an example of communication ABOUT a science or technology from the era of the DDR. This is not the museum communicating about sci/tech, but a communication from the time period of the DDR in which the topic of the public communication is a science or technology. What is the topic? What is the medium? (E.g., Waiting for the telephone to ring, as described in an East German pop song).

How was does this example part of daily life in the socialist state of East Germany? How do you think this similar to and/or different from daily life in West Germany, Germany today, or the USA Today?

The DDR Museum was filled with a variety of methods for communicating to the public within the DDR era, ranging from brochures, to commercials, and instruction manuals.  In regards to communication of science, specifically health science, I captured a photo of an informational book of health tips for children. The intentions of the author for the writing was to persuade children and their parents into keeping children of all ages and genders healthy throughout society.  In order to gain the attention of children and their parental guardians, the author had to generate creative representations of his idea.  Therefore, he used cartoon pictures with bright colors and clever, sometimes comical slogans and/or helpful tips.  He used verbiage such as, “runny nose” and “smelly feet” to communicate on a youthful level. Children identified with that choice of wording, which in return resulted in adherence to the tips in many cases. 

The push for an increase in beneficial and fair health plans was due to a Prussian Statesman named Otto Von Bismarck’s efforts in the mid-1800s, which ensued after he dominated German and European affairs.  Pertaining to the daily life in the socialist state of East Germany, the progression of health care importance continued through time until the era of the DDR in the mid-to-late 1900s.  At the beginning of the 1950s, in East Germany, the healthcare system took a huge hit.  

Physicians, nurses, and medical professionals of all types migrated to West Germany before the building of the Berlin Wall.  In return, health care was only provided through a policy that forced citizens to pay a certain percentage of their salary to even qualify for particular health assistance under the ruling of the DDR.  This resulted in doctors and dentists having to brainstorm and encourage citizens to take their health into their own hands.  One way of doing this was by posting and dispersing books, such as the one shown above and below in accessible areas in public.  

However, at the time, West Germany was receiving exceptional health care options and fair programs were offered to all. Thankfully, at the beginning of the 1990s, East Germany saw a major enhancement in the system, and statistics represent an even greater improvement, such as, with the disease, diphtheria. This decreased from 10.5 cases per 10,000 in 1950 to complete elimination in 1985.  Furthermore, East Germany received a large sum of funding for a complete remodel and implementation of health care policies in the 1990s, which was not offered to West Germany.  

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We all need a BMW.

Prompt 1: Capture an image from the portion of the BMW Motorcycle factory where we’re allowed to have photos – anything you like (something cool, obviously). Discuss the concept of communicating/connecting with internal & external stakeholders, and how this tour accomplishes both of those things (refer to the entire tour and to things we learn from the tour guide and the promo videos). Draw specific connections to the Zerfass reading - quotes w/ page numbers are a good way to do this.

Communicating/Connecting with External Stakeholders

Upon arrival at the the BMW Motorcycle factory, I was very impressed by the hospitality we received from our tour guide.  He greeted our group at the entrance and walked us to the main show room.  There, immediately, he offered coffee, water, and lounging.  Before leaving the room to let us browse, he said “make yourself at home.”  This was such a blatantly obvious but purely genius method of instantly creating a welcoming and warm emotion for our group.  As I leisurely made my way through the room, I noticed several displays/items that really stood out. The first was an exhibit of a film about their motorcycles traveling to Africa for a charity adventure. Undoubtedly, this added to the positivity I was already feeling just from being in the room.  As Zerfass indicated, “Paying attention to the immense diversity that exists in the world is going to be critical to the success of public relations activities in the 21st century (787).” BMW accomplishes this idea by reaching “the immense diversity,” which I understand to be multi-cultural diversity.  By partaking in a film targeted to assist lower-class regions BMW created a sure way to gain public relations success in areas all over the world. 

Also, in the front window, an original painting about BMW was on display.  The vibrant colors and largeness of the piece was difficult to miss, and I remember feeling comforted with thoughts of home.  Hanging throughout my parents’ home are paintings consisting of brightness and originality.  So, when I saw the picture at BMW, sub-consciously I was taken to a place of comfort.

Furthermore, our tour guide gave us permission to “test out the products.”  We could sit on the motorcycles and take photos of anything in the show room.  This initiated the very first interaction our group (external stakeholders) to familiarize ourselves and actively engage with what they had to offer before the official tour even began.

Communication/Connecting with Internal Stakeholders

Through a previous internship with Bosch Rexroth, a manufacturing company, I noticed a number of similarities regarding employee satisfaction at BMW.  As we toured the first building, I saw charts and documents displayed on various boards throughout the factory.  At Bosch, that information is called “Key Performance Indicators,” which serves as a visual aid for indicating to employees and others how well each area in the plant/factory is performing.  This relays the message that BMW cares about employee (internal stakeholder) understanding of the business, specifically relating to their area of expertise. 

Also, our tour guide pointed out an area located on the outskirts of the work area, called the “break area.” Its purpose is to provide employees with a location of relaxation and unwinding.  The area consists of a fusball/ping pong table, punching bag, couches, tables and chairs.  In addition, he commented that associates are allowed a longer break time if a work day is too heat stricken; this ensures they remain focused and do not exhaust quickly.  Clearly, the company considers and cares deeply about employee satisfaction and well-being.

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Don’t touch me.

Prompt 3 (extended): Pick a concept from the chapter 14 reading on cross-cultural communication and PR that you have seen exemplified during our time here so far.  Perhaps at a cafe you’ve witnessed differences in how space is used (proxemics).  Maybe on a weekend trip you’ve seen ways that people from some countries view time differently than we tend to (chronemics).  Or perhaps you’ve seen a really clever ad that bridges cultural/linguistic boundaries.  Post a photo or video, and explain how it captures or illustrates the concept you choose.

Cross-cultural Public Relations

My first week in Germany was filled with a roller coaster of emotions.  I fought the inevitable feelings of cultural shock but unfortunately was highly unsuccessful.  My fourth day in Stuttgart, I became very agitated for a number of reasons.  I was frustrated that I could not interpret the words of another language.  I was upset that I did not remember how to get to the train stop.  I was irritated that people were not smiling when I spoke to them.  Mostly, I was unhappy with myself for feeling these things.  After I finally pulled myself out of the cycle of desperation, I began observing and really trying to gain understanding about the culture I was so immersed in and was missing out on.  

My first attempt at toleration was listening to Dr. Pyle speak in German, picking up on key phrases on the train/bus, and studying the language during free time. Luckily my efforts are applied to the first stage of achieving successful cross-cultural public relations: Awareness. Guth and Marsh explained “English indeed has become the language of international commerce, but learning to speak the language of a foreign business acquaintance--even if you master only a few key phrases--can heighten your sensitivity to cross-cultural sensitivities (439).” Since I began studying German, slowly but surely, I have actually gained sensitivity to cross-cultural matters.  I am more aware of my judgmental attitude toward the culture and am a bit more open-minded when involved in certain situations.  Particularly, my opinions of public transportation in relation to proxemics have completely transformed.  

Personal Account of Proxemics 

One day, while our group was riding the train, I noticed an elderly lady and middle-aged man having a conversation, and I instantly felt uneasy due to the closeness of their bodies. Their faces were no more than six inches apart from one another, and their conversation appeared to be fairly informal.  It seemed as though they just met on the train. I remember thinking that if someone were to speak this closely in the United States, the majority of people would most likely be completely standoffish and/or highly uncomfortable.  I do not speak in close proximity to anyone that is not immediate family, close friends or a significant other. In that moment, I truly realized that American and European attitudes about proxemics is completely different.  

In addition to the closeness of the woman and man on the train, I also noticed a lady who was pushing a stroller containing eight children onto the train.  Naturally, the stroller was enormous and consumed a lot of space.  But, to my surprise, no one on the train was noticeably agitated or direct negative comments to her.  When the train approached the first stop, people nonchalantly moved out of her way.  Then, as she was exiting the train, the people on the outside patiently waited for her to completely get off before boarding.  I know without a doubt that Americans would not handle that situation with as much grace or understanding.  

The more I thought about that idea, the more observant I became, which followed with a broad grasp of the concept.  Public transportation is genuinely meant to transport people from one location to another; there is not value in having personal space or even a seat.  Bigger cities in America operate the same way, but Americans can be a little more aggressive than Europeans.  In Europe, you hop on a bus or a train, you find the first available seat, and conversing is casual and kept at a low volume.  From my experience in the United States, public transportation is crowded, but people try to savor as much personal space as possible.  

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You think yours is best?

Prompt 3: Choose a useful or informative quote about advertising or social media from the Jaganathan or Okazaki readings. In Stuttgart, Schwäbisch Hall, or Tübingen, find an example of advertising for health, sport, or automotive sciences or technologies and relate it to your chosen quote. How does it demonstrate—or not—the ideas in your quote? In other words, this could be a successful or unsuccessful example of the quote.

Advertisement in Tübingen

Tübingen is a city filled with history and amazing architecture with a twist of modernization.  During my time there, I really grew to appreciate their usage of art and advertisements to make a statement and to show character in their culture.  However, the advertisements that caught my attention the most and had the largest impact were found throughout my tour at the Old Car Museum. The entire museum was lined wall-to-wall with automobile artifacts and advertisements that promoted an opinion, generally with a persuasive factor. I noted that an ad fostering automobile oil absolutely had the purpose of persuading onlookers.  

Translation of Advertisement

“Automobilistes! .. voici la Priceless Oil”-- Automobiles here have priceless oil. 

“Adoptez la et vos moteurs seront toujours jeunes”-- Adopt it and your engines will always be young”

Applied to Reading  

Specifically, this advertisement is applicable to Jaganathan’s statement that “While the language of advertising needs to be concise and manifest a great impact, every element used via the codification also portrays the different styles in putting forth a message creatively (152).”  The ad was created with intentions of promoting a certain type of automobile oil, ultimately with hopes of persuading the general public to invest in the brand.  The information is concise with an objective to create a great impact, which is to place that particular brand at the top of the consumer list. Particularly, I think the visual aid was very creative; the man pouring oil onto a globe of the entire world illustrates the idea that the specific type of oil is the best possible option world-wide. 

Furthermore, the statement “Adopt it and your engines will always be young,” is an imaginative way to appeal to customers because the ad almost draws an emotional, human-like parallel between an automobile and a person, by insinuating an engine “will always be young.”  Typically in terms of age, one naturally thinks about a human-being, not a materialistic item, so the terminology “young” is an effective way to put forth of message of youth and incessant life. Which is what everyone wants, right? Everlasting youth?  

So, overall, Jagathan’s idea pertains to the advertisement because he suggests that creative messaging through different styles is in fact the way to successfully reach and appeal to audiences, which is exactly what the advertisement accomplished. 

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A + B does not always = C

Prompt 2: Choose one of the common issues in miscommunication of science and technology that Sarah discussed with you. Find an example of it in Stuttgart, Schwäbisch Hall or Tübingen. Explain clearly and in detail how it exemplifies this kind of miscommunication. Relate it to one of the readings (Stobbe, Nebel or Sun): How is your example similar to or different from one of the examples from a reading?

The four common issues in miscommunication are as follows: oversimplification, correlation vs. causation, denialism, and utopia vs. disutopia. Although each of these could be applied in some sense to multiple venues I have visited, Schwabisch Hall holds the most applicable in regards to correlation vs. causation.  During a discussion with our tour guide named Hardy, the question of whether or not intake of organic food really made that large of a difference for one’s health.  He explained that the reason the organization exists is because they wholeheartedly believe organically grown food is essential for the environment and well-being of people. Furthermore, they believe that their products are producing not only quality life for their customers but possibly a longer life-span as well.  According to Stobbe, “The problem comes when we incorrectly assume that two characteristics connected to each other are“causally” related (1).”  In relation to the conversation with Hardy, I think there may be some slight miscommunication on his end.  

For example:

A: Organically grown food (correlation)

+

B: Consumption of this food (correlation)

=

C: Healthier, longer-lasting life (causation)

However, I believe A + B does not always have to equal C.  Meaning, the correlation is not always directly related to the causation.  Just because their customers consume organic food, does not mean they will see an increase in life expectancy.  Alternative possibilities to longer life-span: No lineage of disease. Athletic dedication. Consumption of fruits and vegetables of non-organic quality. 

The options are endless.  

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What do I believe?

Prompt 2: Guth and Marsh give us this definition of propaganda: “The attempt to have a viewpoint accepted at the exclusion of all others” (p. 66). Find an advertisement that can reasonably be defined as propaganda - post a photo/video of it - and explain why this fits the definition. [Update with unexpected parliament visit] Do you see examples of propaganda on our parliament tour? How does propaganda play into the way that governments manage relationships with their publics? (Note again that propaganda here is the definition presented by Guth and Marsh - be sure to refer back to ch. 3)

Propaganda shows up on a daily basis in all shapes and sizes.  Opinions and ideas are relentlessly pushed through media and technology.  Most examples I have seen in Germany are either in or around food markets/restaurants, clothing stores or at public transportation stops.  However, the most recent form of propaganda I witnessed is when we visited the town of Tubingen today; I noticed an advertisement for housing located on the side of a bus.  One of the statements within the ad was “Living style for every taste and design.”  This portrays the opinion that the specific housing company is the best choice because it caters to all.  In relation specifically to the Guth and Marsh definition, this example of propaganda exemplifies a message of dominance because the company wants its public to believe that their housing is top-of-the-line and should be used over every other housing company. 

During our Baden-Wurttemberg tour, I kept my eyes open for illustrations of propaganda.  Our German tour guide spoke to us about the roles of each parliament member, examples of discussions held and decision-making processes. Afterwards, our group brainstormed potential examples of propaganda, and surprisingly, none were truly found.  The guide’s speech was purely un-biased and completely informative.  However, I believe if another member of the organization were delivering the content, then the outcome could have easily been different.  Another representative who is an American stationed in the Stuttgart office was seated in the room and contributed to conversation and answered questions when he saw fit.  I noticed his responses were a little edgier and could be received as a bit biased, especially when members of the audience asked questions regarding the American government. 

One of the topics discussed was health care in Germany in comparison to health care in America.  As Germany offers free health care to all, Americans must pay for their coverage.  This has been a controversial topic for years, and I believe part of the reason a significant change has not been made in the U.S. is due to the government’s management style of their public through usage of propaganda. For example, our country has adopted the mentality of helping one another and not taking the “selfish” path.  The government justifies increased taxation to ensure every person is medically covered by promoting a unified country of kindness.  Some parties do not see this effort in that particular light and believe taxes should be lowered and the motto should be “every man for himself.”  I believe the government utilizes propaganda in whichever method that will create a popular vote for the result they want. Rarely do I think propaganda is created with genuine intentions and values. 

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Hope.

Prompt 1:  On our trip to Schwabisch Hall, find one example each of transmission and ritual communication.  Explain how it fits either the transmission or ritual model of communication:  What information is being transmitted?  What social group is being ritualistically created and maintained?  Remember these are not 100% mutually exclusive categories.  A communicative act can have both transmission and ritualistic dimensions. 

Transmission

I believe there were quite a few examples that could be applied to the transmission model of communication, which is a rapid and efficient means of transmitting information from one source to another.  As I walked the grounds, I recognized the large quantity of photos, visual aid, handouts and paraphernalia associated with Schwabisch Hall and/or Seeds of Hope.  The goal of transmission communication is for one to quickly deliver a message to another party.  A simple logo, branding, photos, visual aid or messaging about Seeds of Hope can do just that.  For example, in their main office, photographs, accomplishments, and overviews of the organization’s goals were posted on the front wall.  Those items portrayed a message of desire to internationally grow as a farming group and to build the business on the foundation of organically based products. This was an effective transmittal of information for our group to understand the intent of Seeds of Hope without prior knowledge of the organization.  

Ritual

During the tour, I noticed several ritualistic forms of communication, which is a representation of shared beliefs for a group of people.  However, the Seeds of Hope video was hands-down the most applicable.  The video contained personal accounts from farmers in Europe and Africa about their farming experience and overall opinions of Seeds of Hope.  Rudolf was shown a couple of times, and he explicitly described the dedication and importance of forming an alliance for the cause of growing, producing and providing top-of-the-line food in the healthiest manner possible.  Collaboratively, the social group of farmers in each location exhibited throughout the video their passion for maintaining such highly valued food with the hope of gaining great compensation for their community.  The key word for this organization is hope, and this continues to grow as the business continues to thrive.  Furthermore, I believe this video can serve under the transmission communication category as well because information about the organization was quickly transmitted to our group with simple dialogue and representations of the organization’s intentions.