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Thomas Johnson II

Thomas II, married Dorcas Sedgwick of Connecticut. Thomas II, did better as a planter and frequently represented Cecil County in the Lower House of the Assembly.  His principal residence was in Calvert County on the Patuxent in the heart of the southern Maryland tobacco country. Thomas II had a large and successful family, including seven sons. His second son, Thomas III (styled ‘Jr.’ in the letterbooks) (1732-1819), became a prosperous lawyer in Annapolis, acquired land thereabouts, and was first elected to the provincial assembly by Anne Arundel County in 1762; he became a delegate to the Continental Congress, the first Revolutionary governor of Maryland, and later a justice of the United States Supreme Court. Thomas Johnson Jr. was a close acquaintance of George Washington.  Four of his younger brothers settled in western Maryland, James and Roger being pioneers in the nascent iron industry there.  The Catoctin Furnace still stands.

Of the seven, only Joshua (our 6x Great grandfather) had a ‘foreign’ career.

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Chief Keesh-ke-mun “Sharpened Stone”

In 1763, at the end of the French and Indian War, the British had control of Fort Michilimackinac on what is now Mackinac Island, Michigan.  For many long years the Ojibwe had been faithful traders with the French.  Deprived of their usual resident traders and supplies a great number of them congregated on the island.  The British took this occasion to convince the Indians to join in arms with them.  Their efforts failed as they were greatly influenced by their chief, Keesh-ke-mun.  When the British discovered it was the chief’s council that was thwarting their attempts, they summoned Keesh-ke-mun to their council room. The chief obeyed the summons, accompanied by a numerous guard of his warriors. The British officers, in full uniform, were all collected in the council room, when the Ojibwe chieftain and his train entered and silently took the seats allotted to them.  Mr. Askin, a British agent, opened the council by stating to the chief that his British father had sent for him, understanding that his councils with his red brethren had shut their ears against his words, and cooled their hearts towards him. “Your British father wishes to know who you are, that you should do these things – that you should dare to measure yourself against him.” After an interval of silence, during which the chieftain quietly smoked his pipe, he at last arose, and shaking hands with the British commandant, he answered as follows:

Englishman! You ask me who I am. If you wish to know, you must seek me in the clouds. I am a bird who rises from the earth, and flies far up, into the skies, out of human sight; but though not visible to the eye, my voice is heard from afar, and resounds over the earth! Englishman! you wish to know who I am. You have never sought me, or you should have found and known me. Others have sought and found me. The old French sought and found me. He placed his heart within my breast. He told me that every morning I should look to the east and I would behold his fire, like the sun reflecting its rays towards me, to warm me and my children. He told me that if troubles assailed me, to arise in the skies and cry to him, and he would hear my voice. He told me that his fire would last forever, to warm me and my children. Englishman! you, Englishman, you have put out the fire of my French father. I became cold and needy, and you sought me not. Others have sought me. Yes, the Long Knife has found me. He has placed his heart on my breast. It has entered there, and there it will remain!

Keesh-ke-mun here pulled out from his decorated tobacco pouch, an American George Washington medal, which had been given him by a former commandant of Fort Howard, and placing it around his neck, it lay on his breast, as he quietly returned to his seat. Somewhat excited at the chief’s attitude, the British officer replied to him:

You say true. I have put out the fire of the French men; and in like manner am I now putting out the fire of the Long Knife. With that medal on your breast, you are my enemy. You must give it up to me, that I may throw it away, and in its stead I shall give you the heart of your great British father, and you must stand and fight by his side.

Keesh-ke-mun, without arising from his seat, answered:

Englishman! the heart of the Long Knife, which he placed on my breast, has entered my bosom. You cannot take it from me without taking my life.

The officer, exasperated at the unflinching firmness of the chieftain, now exclaimed, in anger, addressing the interpreter:

Tell him, sir, that he must give up his medal, or I shall detain him a prisoner within the walls of this fort.

This threat, being duly interpreted to him, the chief grasped his medal in his hand, and once more arising from his seat, he addressed the excited officer, himself not showing the least marks of emotion:

Englishman! I shall not give up this medal of my own will. If you wish to take it from me, you are stronger than I am. But I tell you, it is but a mere bauble. It is only an emblem of the heart which beats in my bosom; to cut out which you must first kill me! Englishman! you say that you will keep me a prisoner in this your strong house. You are stronger than I am. You can do as you say. But remember that the voice of the Crane echoes afar off, and when he summons his children together, they number like the pebbles on the Great Lake shore!

After a short consultation between the officers and Mr. Askin, the commandant again addressed the chief:

Your words are big, but I fear them not. If you refuse to give up the medal of the Long Knives, you are my enemy, and you know I do not allow my enemies to live.

The chief answered:

Englishman! you are stronger than I am. If you consider me an enemy because I cherish the heart which has been placed on my bosom, you may do so. If you wish to take my life, you can take it. I came into your strong house because you sent for me. You sent for me wishing to set me on to my father the Long Knife, as a hunter sets his dogs on a deer. I cannot do as you wish. I cannot strike my own father. He, the Long Knife, has not yet told us to fight for him. Had he done so, you Englishmen would not now be in this strong house. The Long Knife counsels us to remain quiet. In this do we know that he is our own father, and that he has confidence in the strength of his single arm

After some further consultation among the officers, who could not help admiring his great firmness, the chief was dismissed. The next morning the chief was again called to council and presented with a large pile of goods and tobacco.  Keesh-ke-mun was told that he would not be harmed and that he should return to his village. But first, he was warned that if he joined with the Americans “we shall sweep your villages from the earth, as fire eats up the dry grass on the prairie.” Keesh-ke-mun, without answering a word, accepted the presents and returned to his village.

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Shadawish “Bad Pelican”

In the early 1700′s the Ojibways took possession of the head-waters of the Wisconsin River after extensive battles with their hated enemies, the Dakotas. The pioneer chieftain of this extensive district of country, was named Sha-da-wish(Bad Pelican), Keesh-ke-mun’s father. The French early designated that portion of the tribe who occupied the head-waters of the Wisconsin, as the Lac du Flambeau band since they located their central village or summer residence at the lake known by this name. The Ojibways term it Wauswag-im-ing (Lake of Torches), from the custom of spearing fish by torch-light, early practiced by the hunters of their tribe who first took possession of it.  Before eventually permanently locating their village at this lake, the Ojibways, under their leader, Sha-da-wish, made protracted stands at Trout Lake and Turtle Portage, and it was not till the times of his successor and son, Keesh-ke-mun, that this band proceeded as far west as Lac du Flambeau about 1745. The area has remained a permanent Ojibwe (Chippewa) settlement ever since.

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Anastasie (Awause) Cadotte

On October 28, 1756, in the Catholic Church at Michilimakinac, Jean Baptiste Cadotte was married to an Ojibway woman of the great Awause clan referred to in the marriage documents as a neophyte named Marianne, the daughter of a Nipissing, and in another old French document as Athanasi, Anastasia and Catherine. This woman was of remarkable strong character and possessed an unusual energy, helping her husband in his fur trading to the extent of making canoe trips of hundreds miles with the voyageurs and coureurs de bois to far flung fur outposts. She once dramatically saved the life of Alexander Henry, who was at one time a partner of Jean Baptiste Cadotte and spent the winter of 1765/66 with him on the main land opposite Madeline Island, about where Bayfield, Wisconsin now stands. Anastasia Cadotte bore two sons, Jean Baptiste, Jr. and Michel, the last named of whom inherited to the greatest extent the admirable qualities of both mother and father. Michel Cadotte was born July 22, 1764, at Sault Ste. Marie. The early days of his childhood were spent in and around the little trading post where he learned his lessons, which would serve him so well in the eventful years, which followed. As a youth he was sent to Montreal, where he received a liberal education, and on his return, he entered the fur trade as an assistant to his father.

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Jean-Baptiste Cadot (1723-1796)

Jean-Baptiste Cadot (Cadotte, Cadeau), fur trader and interpreter; baptized 5 Dec. 1723 in Batiscan (Que.), son of Jean-François Cadot and Marie-Josephe Protean; d. in or after 1803.

Jean-Baptiste Cadot first went to the Upper Lakes in 1742, engaging himself at age 19 to Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay* for a journey to the Nipigon country. Perhaps he was encouraged by his father, who had made a voyage to Michilimackinac (Mackinaw City, Mich.) in 1717. In 1750 Cadot was again in the west, this time in the employ of Louis Legardeur* de Repentigny and Louis de Bonne* de Missègle, who together had been granted a seigneury at Sault Ste Marie (Mich.). The rushing rapids in the St Marys River were a key point in the water route to the interior, since all canoes going between Lake Huron and Lake Superior had to be portaged or pulled through the swift water. Repentigny erected a small fort, and when he left the area Cadot stayed on as his agent.

Fort Repentigny 110 x 110 ft square. 1 building 30x20Ft, 2 buildings 20x25 Ft.  Guard house 12x12 ft.

Cadot adjusted to his wilderness home by taking a Nipissing woman named Athanasie (or possibly Anastasie) to live with him. When a daughter was born in August 1756 they regularized their relationship by marriage at Michilimackinac on 28 October. Three years later another daughter was born and in 1761 a son, Jean-Baptiste. Cadot’s wife was a great asset to him since she was related to the Ojibwa chief Madjeckewiss and was highly respected. The family spoke only Ojibwa at home, and Cadot’s skill with language and oratory won him the position of chief with the local band of about 50 warriors.

By 1762 the British controlled the Sault. Cadot, having a small farm there and being responsible for a family, quickly accommodated himself to the trader Alexander Henry* and the small garrison of Royal Americans (60th Foot) commanded by John Jamet*. In late December fire destroyed three of the four buildings in the fort, sparing only Cadot’s house. Most of the soldiers returned to Michilimackinac, but Jamet was too severely burned to be moved. Late in February, however, Cadot and Henry undertook a very difficult winter trip to return him to his unit, after which Cadot returned home.

It would have been better for Jamet and Henry if they had stayed at the Sault. The Ojibwas under Madjeckewiss and Minweweh*, inspired by Pontiac*’s siege of Detroit (Mich.), took Michilimackinac on 2 June 1763, killing Jamet and capturing Henry. The Indians at the Sault, however, were kept out of the affair by the efforts of Cadot. In May 1764 Henry was permitted by Wawatam*, his Ojibwa guardian, to go to the Sault. Madjeckewiss also arrived there with his band and would have harmed Henry but for Cadot’s intervention. On 22 July Athanasie gave birth to another son, Michel. When the Cadots took the child to Michilimackinac to be baptized on 13 August by Pierre Du Jaunay* the British had not as yet reoccupied the post.

Upon the return of the British on 22 September their commander, Captain William Howard, kept the soldiers at Michilimackinac and planned to rely on Cadot to represent him at the Sault. In May 1765 Cadot was sent there with a wampum belt to acquaint the Indians with the negotiations for peace undertaken by Sir William Johnson*, superintendent of northern Indians. One month later Cadot vividly demonstrated his influence over the Indians by leading 80 canoes to Michilimackinac for a treaty. When the Indians requested that traders be allowed to go to Lake Superior, Howard, heeding Cadot’s advice, gave him permission to trade at La Pointe (Wis.). Establishing a partnership with his former associate Alexander Henry, Cadot stayed at the Sault while Henry traded successfully in the vicinity of Chequamegon Bay (Wis.).

In August 1766 Cadot was appointed as Indian interpreter, a position he held for at least a year; he earned 8s. per day and was provided with presents to dispense. Regarded as “that vigilant Friend of the English,” in March 1767 he showed that his reputation was deserved when he persuaded the Indians at the Saint to exchange their French flag for a British one. Working for Robert Rogers*, commandant at Michilimackinac, and also for Johnson, Cadot had become one of the most influential people in the Upper Lakes.

During the summer of 1767 Cadot aided Henry Bostwick, John Chinn, and Alexander Henry in the search for copper deposits along Lake Superior, and he was named as one of Bostwick’s associates when a group of British investors received approval in London to establish mines in the area. During the next few years Cadot served the concern by maintaining good relations with the Indians and keeping them from interfering with the mines. Though the operation proved unprofitable, Cadot’s reputation soared. In 1771 Johnson considered him to be one of the “Two Most faithfull Men amongst the French,” and in the same year George Turnbull, the commandant at Michilimackinac, said Cadot “has an universall good character amongst both Canadians and Indians.”

In 1775 Cadot was part of a large group of traders, including Joseph and Thomas Frobisher, Alexander Henry, and Peter Pond, who travelled west to trade. At Cumberland House (Sask.), after being entertained by Hudson’s Bay Company officer Matthew Cocking, they set out in various directions. Cadot, with four canoes, went to pass the winter at Fort des Prairies (Fort-à-la-Corne). The western trade prospered, and Sault Ste Marie grew in importance as a provisioning post. Cadot maintained an association with Henry until at least 1778, when he established joint ventures with Jean-Baptiste Barthe, an agent for John Askin.

It was not until 1780 that the American revolution directly affected Cadot. Patrick Sinclair, lieutenant governor of Michilimackinac, decided to attack the Spaniards at St Louis (Mo.) and, feeling that “the Indians are under the absolute authority of Mr. Cadot, who is a very honest man,” he dispatched Cadot with a war party along the southern shore of Lake Superior to try to gain Indian support. A number of Indians enlisted by Cadot did help in the attack on St Louis, but it was repulsed. In October 1781 Cadot was again put on the payroll as an interpreter. In September 1783 Daniel Robertson, now commandant at Michilimackinac, sent Cadot and Madjeckewiss to the Chequamegon region in an unsuccessful effort to stop a war between the Ojibwas and the Foxes and Sioux. About 1767, following the death of Athanasie, Cadot had married Marie Mouet, a Canadian. In October of that year they had a son, Joseph-Marie, who apparently died young. During 1772–73 Cadot sent young Jean-Baptiste to Montreal, where he studied at the Collège Saint-Raphaël from 1773 to 1780. By 1786 Cadot’s sons were working with him under the name of Messrs Cadot and Company and from 1787 evidently conducted most of the firm’s activities. On 24 May 1796 the venerable trader, pleading the infirmity of old age and apparently too feeble even to sign his name, formally turned over the business to Jean-Baptiste and Michel. During his career Cadot had been the major trader at Sault Ste Marie, and although he never became rich he appears to have had a comfortable income. His son Jean-Baptiste was admitted in 1801 to partnership in the North West Company, but he was expelled two years later for drunkenness. The date of the elder Cadot’s death is unknown: one account suggests 1803, but he may have been alive as late as 1812. Louis-Honoré Fréchette* made Cadot the central figure of “Le drapeau fantôme,” a poem published in his collection La légende d’un peuple (Paris, [1887])

Interactive Diorama of Jean Baptiste Cadotte, River of History Museum - Sault Ste Marie

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Thomas Johnson 1 (1689-1716), & Thomas Johnson 2 (1702-?)

Thomas Johnson I, of Great Yarmouth, emigrated to America c. 1689 settling in Maryland, where he was relatively unsuccessful as a planter and trader.  He married Mary, daughter of Roger Baker of Liverpool, and died in 1716. His wife died also, leaving an only son, Thomas Johnson II, born February 19, 1702.

Thomas II, married Dorcas Sedgwick of Connecticut. Thomas II, did better as a planter and frequently represented Cecil County in the Lower House of the Assembly.  His principal residence was in Calvert County on the Patuxent in the heart of the southern Maryland tobacco country. Thomas II had a large and successful family, including seven sons. His second son, Thomas III (styled ‘Jr.’ in the letterbooks) (1732-1819), became a prosperous lawyer in Annapolis, acquired land thereabouts, and was first elected to the provincial assembly by Anne Arundel County in 1762; he became a delegate to the Continental Congress, the first Revolutionary governor of Maryland, and later a justice of the United States Supreme Court. Thomas Johnson Jr. was a close acquaintance of George Washington.  Four of his younger brothers settled in western Maryland, James and Roger being pioneers in the nascent iron industry there.  The Catoctin Furnace still stands.

Of the seven, only Joshua (our 6x Great grandfather) had a ‘foreign’ career.

A good grade of hematite ore was discovered in the Catoctin Mountains in the 1770’s by Thomas Johnson Jr., who later became the first governor of Maryland. Thomas Baker and Roger Johnson constructed the Catoctin Furnace to produce pig iron. Iron from this furnace was used in the manufacture of the “Franklin Stove.” It is reported that during the Revolutionary War, cannons and cannonballs were cast at the furnace for George Washington’s Army when the Johnsons owned the furnace.

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John Dingley of Marshfield (1608-1658)

John Dingley 1, the ancestor of the Dingley family in America was born about 1608. he came from England to Lynn, Mass. with a company of immigrants in 1637. The company soon removed to Sandwich (Cape Cod) whence he, with two associates, came to Marshfield, Mass. in 1640. Soon after, that town and Duxbury, Mass. were erected out of parts of old Plymouth. John was admitted a freeman on June 5, 1644 and a lot of land was granted him by the town. This farm has ever since been known as the Dingley Homestead and is now occupied by one of the decendents.

John is named on the first Book of the Marshfield records as paying rates in 1643 and is styled Goodman Dingley. He was often chosen to fill offices in town. He died in 1658, aged about 50 years. His wife was Sarah. Her maiden name as well as date of marriage and death is unknown. They had five children.

·        1. John 2 -died in boyhood 1655

·        2. Jacob- born 1642, died 1691 – Thulin Family comes from this child

·        3. Mary - who married Josiah, son of Capt. Miles Standish, and died in 1655 seven months after her marriage.

·        4. Sarah - married William Ford in 1658 and died in 1727

·        5. Hannah - married Josiah Keen

·        From: Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, Eugene Aubrey Stratton.

DINGLEY, JOHN – John Dingley may have resided earlier at Lynn, but he first appears in Plymouth records at Sandwich on 4 December 1638, when he was fined ten shillings for being defective in arms, and was also presented for keeping two hogs unringed  On 16 April 1640 he was granted five and one-half acres of meadow lands allotted at Sandwich (PCR 1:149). On 5 June 1644 he was chosen constable of Marshfield (PCR 2:72). Since he was on the 1643 ATBA for both Sandwich and Marshfield, it would seem that he moved from the former to the latter about this time. He also served as grand juror (PCR 2:84, 116, 3:78, 4:37, 91, 148, 5:91), and as a highway surveyor (PCR 2:102, 4:124), and on grand and trial juries (PCR, passim). He became a freeman on 5 June 1644 (PCR 2:71). On 22 October 1650 Richard Church sold Dingley some land in Marshfield, and Dingley was described as a smith (blacksmith) in the deed (PCR 12:197). On 1 November 1679 John Dingley and his fourteen-year-old servant Arthur Loe appeared in court and Arthur convenanted to live with Dingley and his wife as an apprentice and servant until he became twenty-one (PCR 6:25). Administration of Dingley’s estate, dated 18 March 1689/90, shows that he was survived by son Jacob, and Jacob’s son Joseph; Sarah, the wife of William Ford; and Hannah, the wife of Josiah Keane (PN&Q 5:92).

According to the List of Freemen of 1643, the earliest settlers in Marshfield, in addition to Edward Winslow, included his brothers Kenelm Winslow and Josiah Winslow. The list also included Thomas Bourne, Robert Waterman, John Dingley, Thomas Chillingsworth, John Russell, Edward Buckley, William Sherman, William Thomas and Nathaniel Thomas. (According to William Thomas’ will, dated 9 July 1651, he was the father of Nathaniel Thomas).

John Dingley 1, the ancestor of the Dingley family in America was born about 1608. he came from England to Lynn, Mass. with accompany of immigrants in 1637. The company soon removed to Sandwich (Cape Cod) whence he, with two associates, came to Marshfield, Mass. in 1640. Soon after, that town and Duxbury, Mass. were erected out of parts of old Plymouth. John was admitted a freeman on June 5, 1644 and a lot of land was granted him by the town. This farm has ever since been known as the Dingley Homestead and is now occupied by one of the decendents.

John is named on the first Book of the Marshfield records as paying rates in 1643 and is styled Goodman Dingley. He was often chosen to fill offices in town. He died in 1658, aged about 50 years. His wife was Sarah. Her maiden name as well as date of marriage and death is unknown. They had five children.

1. John 2 -died in boyhood 1655

2. Jacob- born 1642, died 1691

3. Mary - who married Josiah, son of Capt. Miles Standish, and died in 1655 seven months after her marriage.

4. Sarah - married William Ford in 1658 and died in 1727

5. Hannah - married Josiah Keen

Notes

From: Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, Eugene Aubrey Stratton.

DINGLEY, JOHN – John Dingley may have resided earlier at Lynn (Moore Families, p.227), but he first appears in Plymouth records at Sandwich on 4 December 1638, when he was fined ten shillings for being defective in arms, and was also presented for keeping two hogs unringed (PCR 1:107). On 16 April 1640 he was granted five and one-half acres of meadow lands allotted at Sandwich (PCR 1:149). On 5 June 1644 he was chosen constable of Marshfield (PCR 2:72). Since he was on the 1643 ATBA for both Sandwich and Marshfield, it would seem that he moved from the former to the latter about this time. He also served as grandjuror (PCR 2:84, 116, 3:78, 4:37, 91, 148, 5:91), and as a highway surveyor (PCR 2:102, 4:124), and on grand and trial juries (PCR, passim). He became a freeman on 5 June 1644 (PCR 2:71). On 22 October 1650 Richard Church sold Dingley some land in Marshfield, and Dingley was described as a smith (blacksmith) in the deed (PCR 12:197). On 1 November 1679 John Dingley and his fourteen-year-old servant Arthur Loe appeared in court and Arthur convenanted to live with Dingley and his wife as an apprentice and servant until he became twenty-one (PCR 6:25). Administration of Dingley’s estate, dated 18 March 1689/90, shows that he was survived by son Jacob, and Jacob’s son Joseph; Sarah, the wife of William Ford; and Hannah, the wife of Josiah Keane (PN&Q 5:92).

His wife has been called Sarah _____________. The accounts of John Dingley’s origins as the son of an armigerous family of Cropthorne, Worcestershire, with several fairly recent royal lines, as given by Edward N. Dingley, Ancestors of Edward N. Dingley (1954), are colourful, but unsupported by evidence and not very logical. Some of the reasons for doubting this Dingley ancestry are given by Eugene A. Stratton, “Search for the English Ancestry of John Dingley”, TAG 56:207; however, this article gives an incorrect surname for Dingley’s wife and the author fell into the mistake made by others, such as Savage and Arthur Adams, of thinking that Dingley died some thirty-one years earlier than he actually did.

An updated article by Stratton, “Another Look at John Dingley of Marshfield”, will appear in TAG, 61:234. Moore Families, p. 227-32, gives a well-documented narrative of Dingley’s life and some of his early descendants, and shows that he also had two sons named John who died young, and a daughter Mary, who married Capt. Myles Standish’s son Josiah, but died without issue.

John Dingley. Born ca 1610. John died bef 13 mar 1689/90.John was an associate of Thomas Chillingsworth, with whom he came to Lynn in 1637. He afterwards went with a colony to Sandwich and finally, with Chillingsworth, about 1644, settled in Marshfield where he held many town offices.There are apparently no contemporary records for John Dingley being in Lynn in the 1630s. There is a record for him in Sandwich in 1638, and he moved to Marshfield around 1643. He was constable in Marshfield in 1644, a member of a grand jury in 1645 and six more times through 1672. He was made a freeman on 5 Jun 1644.There are no primary sources for the name of John Dingley’s wife. She certainly was not Sarah Chillingsworth since Sarah Chillingsworth was married to Samuel Sprague at the time. There is also no evidence that John Dingley was the John Dingley baptized at Cropthorne in 1594, son of Francis and Elizabeth (Bigge) Dingley.