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What is submarine fiber optic cable?

What is submarine fiber optic cable? Submarine cable are cables wrapped in insulating materials, laid on the seabed, and used for telecommunication transmission. Submarine fiber optic cable are optical cables that connect two or more landing points and are used for optical signal and network signal transmission and connection. Submarine fiber cable are divided into submarine communication cables and submarine power cables. Modern submarine cables all use optical fiber as material to transmit telephone and Internet signals.

Types of Submarine Cable

Based on the application, submarine optical cables can be divided into submarine single armored (SA), submarine double armored (DA), submarine light protection (LWP), submarine lightweight (LW) and submarine light armored (LWA) optical cables. .SA cables are suitable for deployment, burial. Construction and recovery in areas with a water depth of more than 20 meters and at least 1500 meters. .DA cables are suitable for deployment, burial, construction and recovery in areas with a depth of 500 meters. Which providing the protection required within this depth range. And should have a certain weight to prevent tidal waves from moving the submarine cable. .LWP cables are suitable for deployment, construction and recovery in areas with a water depth of more than 1000 meters and at least 8000 meters. But have certain anti-abrasion and anti-fish bite capabilities. .LW cables are suitable for deployment, construction and recovery in areas with a water depth of more than 1000 meters and at least 8000 meters. .LWA cables are suitable for deployment, burial, construction and recovery in areas with a water depth of 20 meters and 1500 meters and an unburied depth of 2000 meters.

How does Submarine Cable Work?

Submarine fiber optic cable consist of two key components. The first part: the optical fiber that carries the data and the conductive material that transmits the electric current. This current is used to feed the optical amplifiers along the submarine cable. In addition, the cable is coated with several layers of protective materials to keep out water and corrosion.

How are Submarine Fiber Optic Cable made?

In the production of submarine optical cables, the optical fibers are first embedded in a jelly-like compound. This protects the cable from damage even when it comes into contact with seawater. The cable is then placed in a steel pipe to prevent the pressure of the water from destroying it. Next, it is wrapped in steel wire with extremely high overall strength. It is then sheathed in a copper tube and finally covered with a protective layer of polyethylene material. Close to the coast of the continental shelf, submarine cable are usually laid with lightweight cables and stronger steel wires. And covered with an asphalt coating to prevent seawater corrosion.

Advantages and Applications of Submarine Fiber Cable

Submarine fiber cables have high transmission capacity and high reliability. High safety, long service life and low maintenance cost. Submarine fiber cable have good anti-extrusion performance. The armor of submarine cables is heavy and provides better tensile strength for the cables. Strong anti-interference ability and good confidentiality performance. Submarine communication cables are mainly used for long-distance communication networks. Usually used in more important occasions such as long-distance islands and cross-sea military facilities. The laying distance of submarine power cables is much shorter than that of communication cables. It is mainly used between land islands, across rivers or harbors. Which connecting drilling platforms from land or connecting drilling platforms to each other. In general, the use of submarine cables to transmit electricity is undoubtedly more expensive than overhead cables of the same length. But it is often more economical to use it than to use small and isolated power stations for regional power generation, and it has more benefits in offshore areas. In countries with many islands and rivers, this type of cable is widely used.

Summary

Submarine cable play a vital role in modern communication networks and have many advantages and broad market prospects.

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What is Underwater Fiber Cable? How does Underwater Fiber Cable Work?

What is underwater cable? Underwater fiber cable offer the advantages of high reliability, safety and capacity, as well as cost-effectiveness, on major routes. Underwater fiber cable dominate international voice calls and data traffic transmission. This article will share some knowledge of underwater cable.

What is Underwater Fiber Cable?

Underwater optical cables are optical cables laid underwater across rivers, lakes, beaches, etc. The laying environment conditions of this type of optical cable are much worse than pipeline laying and direct burial laying. Fortunately, the structure of underwater optical cables is strong. And it can withstand disasters such as seawater erosion and marine earthquakes. It has high stability and reliability. In order to meet the needs of international voice calls. The transmission speed of underwater optical cables is generally very high. It can transmit tens of TBS of data per second. Another feature of underwater optical cables is that they are highly concealed and are not easily intercepted or interfered with.

How does underwater fiber cable work?

Underwater cable have a multi-layer steel wire or steel belt armor structure. According to the hydrogeological conditions of the river, the structure of the inner and outer sheaths also needs to be considered. Toem can provide customized underwater optical cables according to your needs. For example, in rocky soils, scouring seasonal riverbeds. Fiber optic cables are subject to wear and high tension. Not only thick steel wires are required for armoring, but even double-layer armoring is required. The construction method should also be selected according to the river width, water depth, flow rate, riverbed, flow rate, river soil, etc.

Advantages of underwater cable

Most fiber optic cables are installed by overhead, pipeline and direct burial. However, when it comes to places like rivers, lakes and beaches. The traditional method of laying optical cables will require a lot of optical cables and installation costs. Underwater cable connect both ends by laying underwater. Which perfectly solves this problem. It saves a lot of fiber optic cables and simplifies the laying. In addition, since the fiber optic cable is under rivers and lakes. It will not be affected by wind and most animals on the ground. In addition, underwater cables have high transmission capacity, high reliability, high safety, long service life and low maintenance costs. Underwater fiber cable have good anti-extrusion properties. Because its armor is heavy, it provides the cable with better tensile strength. Strong anti-interference ability and good confidentiality.

Application of underwater cable

Underwater cables are used in the telecommunications industry and offshore oil and gas industry. In addition, they are also used in marine observation networks, local area networks (LANs), video, data, CATV and inter-office communication applications.

Summary

With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous development of the market, underwater cable will continue to play a more important role in the future.

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Polypropylene Rope vs Nylon Rope, What is the difference? How to Choose?

Nylon Rope

Polyamide, commonly known as nylon, is a general term for thermoplastic resins containing repeating amide groups — [NHCO] — on the main chain of the molecule.

Early nylon ropes were better than ropes made of natural fibers. But they were very hard, causing great friction, and were extremely inconvenient to use due to their high elasticity. Braided nylon rope were gradually replaced by woven nylon ropes. Modern braided nylon ropes are divided into core and sheath. The core in the middle is nylon filaments that are parallel or braided, which provides most of the tensile resistance and buffering effect. The outer layer is covered with a smooth braided nylon sheath. Which mainly protects the core. Braided nylon rope retain the characteristics of nylon ropes and eliminate the shortcomings of braided nylon ropes — roughness, excessive friction, and high elasticity.

Features of Nylon Ropes

Nylon braided ropes have good wear resistance, rather than being easily damaged like products made of petroleum or most chemicals.

Nylon braided ropes have good resistance to UV sunlight deterioration and are called "UV stable".

Polypropylene Cable Rope

The main raw material of polypropylene rope is polypropylene. Which is an olefin plastic with excellent physical and mechanical properties and relatively low price.

Production of Polypropylene Cable Rope

The production process mainly includes the steps of raw material selection, melt spinning, drawing, stretching and winding. The polypropylene material is put into the melt spinning machine for heating and melting. And then the machine melts the polypropylene material and extrude it into filaments. Under the action of the drawing machine, the filaments undergo a series of stretching, cooling and other process processes and gradually become filaments. In order to ensure the strength and durability of the cable, the stretching process of the filament needs to be strictly controlled. After several stretching processes (the stretching multiple is generally 3~5 times), the stretched filaments are wound on the machine. And after a series of adjustments and corrections, various specifications of polypropylene rope are finally made.

Features of Polypropylene Cable Rope

Polypropylene rope have great load resistance and high strength. It is very flexible with minimal stretching. And it has good abrasion and chemical resistance. This can resist corrosion from a variety of chemicals and extend its service life.

Polypropylene cable rope are lightweight and buoyant, making them ideal for use in water sports or pool marking.

Polypropylene Rope vs Nylon Rope, How to choose based on different applications?

Underwater

The wear resistance and UV resistance of nylon cable rope make it an ideal choice for underwater fiber optic cables. It can resist the erosion of water flow and the bite of marine organisms, protecting the safety of fiber optic cables.

Outdoor

What is nylon rope used for? In outdoor environments, nylon cable ropes can resist wind and rain erosion and UV exposure and maintain stable performance.

Pipeline

When laying fiber optic cables in pipelines, nylon cable rope can be used as towing ropes or fixing ropes to ensure the position and stability of fiber optic cables in pipelines.

Aerial

The light weight and corrosion resistance of polypropylene cable make it an ideal choice for aerial fiber optic cables. It can withstand a certain amount of tension while resisting wind, rain and UV exposure.

Indoor

What is polypropylene rope used for ? In indoor environments, polypropylene cable can be used to fix or pull fiber optic cables to ensure their position and stability indoors. Due to its low price, it is often used in large-scale fiber optic cable laying projects.

Summary

Polypropylene Rope vs Nylon Rope have their own characteristics in the application scenarios of fiber optic cables. If you don't know how to choose, please feel free to contact us.

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What is waterproof yarn? How to make yarn waterproof?

Waterproof yarn, are you curious, can yarn also block water? Indeed. Water-blocking yarn is mainly used for the sheathing protection of cables and optical cables. What is waterproof yarn? It is a kind of yarn with strong absorption capacity. Which plays a role in preventing moisture from entering the inner part of the cable on the outer wall of communication cable or optical fiber cable. The emergence of water-blocking yarn water-blocking method overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional optical cable water-blocking measure - grease water-blocking. So, how to make yarn waterproof ?

Water-blocking yarn is mainly composed of two parts: one is the reinforcement rib composed of nylon or polyester, etc., which can make the yarn have good tensile strength and elongation; the other is the expansion fiber or expansion powder containing polyacrylate.

How to make yarn waterproof?

The water-blocking principle of waterproof yarn is that the main body of water-blocking yarn fiber can expand rapidly to form a large gel-like substance when it encounters water. The gel-like substance has a strong water-retaining capacity and can effectively prevent the growth of water trees. It prevents water from continuing to penetrate and diffuse, thereby achieving the purpose of water blocking.

Feature of Waterproof Yarn

The cables of electrical and optical cables are generally laid underground in humid areas. Once the cables are damaged, water will enter the cable from the damaged point. For optical cables, if water is frozen in the cable, it will produce excessive pressure on the optical components. This has a great impact on the transmission of light.

Therefore, the water-blocking performance of optical cables is an important assessment indicator.

In order to ensure that the optical cable can work normally and withstand the test of various environmental conditions, the use of water-blocking yarn in the optical cable must have the following characteristics:

1. Smooth appearance, uniform thickness, and soft texture;

2. Can meet the tension requirements when cabling, and have a certain mechanical strength;

3. Fast expansion speed, good chemical stability and high strength when absorbing water to form gel;

4. Does not contain any corrosive components, has good chemical stability. And is resistant to bacteria and mold;

5. Good thermal stability and weather resistance, suitable for various subsequent processing and production and various use environments;

6. Good compatibility with other materials in the optical cable.

Summary

The application of water-blocking yarn in optical cables realizes dry water blocking of optical cables. Compared with the past use of grease water blocking, it has many advantages. Such as reduced optical cable weight, convenient optical cable connection, construction, and maintenance. It not only reduces the cost of water blocking of optical cables, but also truly realizes the environmentally friendly production of optical cables.