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10Gtek’s SFP+Copper Twinax cables are suitable for very short distances and offer a highly cost-effective way to connect within racks and across adjacent racks. SFP+ cables offers a low cost SFP+ solution. SFP+ directly attached twinax cable assemblies supports 10 Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Fibre Channel, and other industry standards.This cable is available at lengths from 0.5m to 12m.

https://www.sfpcables.com/j9283a-b

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Ethernet is a computer LAN technology.The IEEE 802.3 standard, an organization of IEEE, sets the technical standard for Ethernet, which specifies the content of the protocols that include physical layers of wiring, electronic signals, and media access layers.Ethernet is the most widely used LAN technology, replacing other LAN standards such as token ring, FDDI, and ARCNET.

Ethernet's standard topology is the bus topology, but the current fast Ethernet (100base-t, 1000base-t) USES hubs for network connectivity and organization to minimize conflicts and maximize network speed and efficiency.In this way, the Ethernet topology becomes a star;But logically, Ethernet still USES bus topology and CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) bus technology.Ethernet enables the idea of sending messages from multiple nodes of a radio system over a network, each of which must carry cables or channels, sometimes called Ether.(the name comes from the ether of light, a hypothetical medium of electromagnetic radiation by 19th-century physicists.Later research proved that there was no light ether.)Each node has a unique 48-bit global address -- the MAC address assigned to the network card by the manufacturer -- to ensure that all the Ethernet nodes can identify each other.Because Ethernet is so common, many manufacturers integrate Ethernet CARDS directly into computer motherboards.Ethernet communication has the characteristic of autocorrelation, which is very important for telecommunication engineering.Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.recommendation：SFP+ DAC Twinax Cable, 2.5-Meter, AWG30, Passive SFP+ directly attached Twinax cable assemblies support 10 Gigabit Ethernet

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5G speeds compared to fiber optic networks

5G may not beat the speed of the fiber network, and 6gb might not beat the speed of the fiber network. Many human beings do not know about the speed of the fiber community.Light travels thru vacuum at 299,792,458 meters, however in this fiber it travels at 99.7 percent of the rate of light.But this is a laboratory product, not commercial.

The air port speed of 5G can reach the height pace of 20Gbps, but 5G base station wishes transmission network load. In the 5G network, it is divided into 5G access community, 5G load community, 5G core network and 5G terminal.Five g terminal can attain 20 GBPS down load speeds, but the velocity is from five g terminal to core community, the velocity of the get admission to community in five g (that is, we are acquainted with the base station) to middle community nevertheless needs to have bearing network, and now the principle five g bearing community is optical fiber network, as for the microwave can handiest as a part of the complement, in the vicinity of inconvenient cloth fiber before use. Optical fiber transmission is not simplest needed among the base station and the center network, however also is needed between 5G BBU and AAU. 5G base station needs to provide a couple of users' access at the equal time, and the statistics of those a couple of users' get right of entry to want to be despatched to the core community by using optical fiber community, so that you understand, right?5G is unlikely to be quicker than fiber-optic networks anyhow.

Now greater mainstream optical transmission community, optical transmission technology is 100 g five g base stations want to optical transmission network load, due to the fact the overall performance of five g is better, want better transmission bandwidth, or even a unmarried five g base stations want to forty g a hundred g transmission assets, so operators want to construct five g optical transmission community, huge-scale growth of optical transmission community growth and creation, is a prerequisite for 5 g base station production, and the destiny evolution of optical networks need to 400 g excessive-velocity community, optical community velocity faster than 5 g.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP+ DAC Twinax Cable, 1-Meter, AWG30, Passive | SFP-H10GB-CU1M SFP+ directly attached Twinax cable assemblies support 10 Gigabit Ethernet 

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The difference between cloud computing and cloud storage

Cloud computing is all about selling computing services. Hosting doesn't matter how you do it.Cloud computing is selling computing, similar to the big computing centers in the country, give me the data, I give you the results, cloud computing and big computing center computing I infer will be more flexible and more scalable, the cost will be lower and more popular.

Cloud storage currently sells storage space, which is similar to selling web space, except that cloud storage sells a LUN or a vol based on NAS protocol, plus more service details such as bandwidth, speed, IO properties, whether or not to reside in cache, etc., all of which can be sold for money.

The second phase of cloud storage is to sell data. Providers provide data services directly to customers using object-based data services, and users don't care where the data exists, SAN or NAS protocols.

And the final form of cloud computing and cloud storage integration I suspect will be selling IT services.The target of the enterprise is profit, the enterprise is not willing to pay more manpower, material resources and financial resources to maintain the IT system, while the provider can fully accept the outsourcing of IT services.At that time, enterprises only need one network cable and several terminals, server hardware, database software, ERP software, all will be managed by the provider.No more hiring database administrators, storage administrators, operating system administrators for every enterprise.All you need is a network administrator.

This is similar to the evolution of architectures like SAN and NAS themselves, which enable centralized file system management.And cloud services are exactly that idea.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP+ DAC Twinax Cable, 1-Meter, AWG30, Passive | SFP-H10GB-CU1M

SFP+ directly attached Twinax cable assemblies support 10 Gigabit Ethernet

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With the arrival of 5G, the Internet of things will move towards "the society of things".

China entered the "5G era" on June 6, 2019, while the ministry of industry and records technology issued 5G industrial licenses to China cellular, China telecom, China unicom and China radio and tv.If 4G and the mobile networks that preceded it had been intended to connect human beings, 5G turned into meant to attach matters."Eighty percent of 5G applications could be used for communication among items," miao wei, minister of enterprise and facts technology, said at boao Asia BBS 2019.

The short-term value of 5G: boosting connectivity Assuming that 5G has carried out the SA (impartial networking) mode, executed full eMBB, mMTC and uRLLC support, and completed a massive and high degree of community coverage and insurance intensity, 5G will be able to give complete play to its quick-term fee, this is, to sell the relationship of the entirety. Everything may be efficiently linked by way of two signs, one is the fee of the relationship, the second is the complexity of the connection.If each may be overcome, even pre-5g networks ought to provide complete situation support.For example, in superior manufacturing vegetation together with haier, the value and complexity of constructing and continuing to perform special internal networks aren't excessive.However, if a committed inner community is built amongst small, medium and micro-sized enterprises and regular citizens, the value and complexity are like "taihang and wangwu ershan", blockading 80% of the capacity connections.According to some estimates, air conditioners with wi-fi modules emerge as with less than 30 percentage Internet connectivity, even when the relationship does now not upload any price to the house person, however truly leaves them to do their personal work. However, the commercial use of 5G network has the ability to dispose of the "taihang and wangwu ershan", and its cost is to allow "item connection" to "fly into regular human beings's houses", making the "wise affiliation of everything" extra common.First, scenes including smart medical remedy and clever power have high requirements on network overall performance. With 5G strength, smart medical treatment and clever power can exit of the special network exhibition hall in huge towns and come to be fully business.Second, in view of the smart home appliance, such as clever domestic scenes, each tool with a manufacturing unit paint activity can be opened 5 g network connection, comprehend the lifestyles cycle of the whole float of connection, users do not need to manually connect, even without using clever features, providers can offer energetic management services, and five g and 5 g connection density aid implementation of the scheme. Long-term price of 5G: the Internet of factors moving in the direction of "the society of things"

5G does not exist independently. Existing technologies which include synthetic intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing, big records and facet computing, as well as greater new technologies that can be born in the future, remain integrated with 5G, forming a "era aid community" so that it will empower numerous software fields inclusive of the Internet of things. For the Internet of factors, connectivity is handiest the basis, and the formation of "the society of factors" is the lengthy-term cost of 5G.From the angle of sociology, the so-known as "cloth society" believes that "cloth" has already possessed social attributes and will sell the improvement of human society and economy.From unmarried gadget to equipment group, after which to the gathering of all device, "element" reflects the traits of socialization. First, character equipment progressively has independent "soldier" fight capability and can independently deal with the outside surroundings, that's inseparable from the speedy improvement of synthetic intelligence. For example, driverless cars can judge riding strategies in step with the environment. Second, companies of gadgets have the ability to self-organize, much like human relationships.For instance, in part computing, adjacent gadgets that make up the aid pool are not fixed, however dynamically organized;Driverless "human-automobile-avenue clouds" collaborate to transmit relied on records thru blockchains and other manner to make certain effective collaboration, much like human interplay. Third, the overall architecture is pan-centralised, just like human society.For example, the commercial Internet logo analysis is a platform with more than one degrees, that's similar to the "paperwork" model;Edge computing allows adjoining gadgets to form a useful resource pool for joint calculation, and many others., and best when the amount of calculation is very huge, it's far essential to seek help from the "middle" with a larger amount of assets. Fourthly, in the management of "things", the global management much like social governance is realized.Data from "matters" are accumulated into structures in any respect tiers, so that platforms can successfully supervise "matters" to make sure right work and predict the destiny. Based on the above 4 points, the "cloth society" will hold to increase and will retain to combine with the "human society". The coordinated improvement of the two will sell the non-stop development of human society.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP+ 10Gbps Active Optical Cable, 50-Meter |SFP-10G-AOC50MSFP + MSA standard, low power consumption, light weight

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Build strong personal information security lines

Big data, artificial intelligence and other advanced technologies cannot serve humans at the expense of personal privacy.Respect and protection of personal information is not only related to technology and business ethics, but also one of the indicators to measure the level of civilization of a society

I believe many people have experienced the "understanding" of Internet advertising: you inadvertently browse a product on the Internet, then similar products will continue to pop up on your computer desktop;Set up an online account to learn English, and the advertisements for some courses fill the mail immediately.Send a sum of money through mobile banking, and all kinds of financial advisers will soon call "hello"...Merchants can so timely and accurately understand and anticipate your needs, and targeted advertising, recommendation service, the reason is that their technical means such as via the Internet, according to the users registered in browsing, leaving the data information of the outline of a portrait "user", the rich data, "portrait" is more accurate.

In recent years, with the reduction of the cost of data acquisition, storage and processing, the value of data has become increasingly prominent, and its application field has expanded rapidly.However, it is worth noting that while enjoying the convenience of modern technology, the security risks and privacy challenges always follow.

In the era of big data, we are always "producing" information in our work and life.In many cases, it is necessary to provide personal information in order to obtain certain services.In this process, personal information is easy to spread and leak.Therefore, the age of big data is often a time when privacy protection is fragile.Take elevator advertisement for example, with the extension of big data application to elevator media, elevator may become a new environment and application scenario to expose personal information, increasing the risk of privacy disclosure.Imagine that in the future, elevator advertisements will offer products you once viewed online. Instead of convenience, you may feel the discomfort of being in a transparent "glass room".

Of course, we can't just object to data collection.However, when big data, artificial intelligence and other advanced technologies serve human beings, they cannot sacrifice personal privacy.Boundaries should be clarified for information collection agencies, especially businesses, to use data collection.Respect and protection of personal information is not only related to technology and business ethics, but also one of the indicators to measure the level of civilization of a society.With the rapid development and application of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and mobile communication, the Internet of everything is increasingly becoming a reality. If there is no corresponding data management and application standards, in the future, not only the elevator, but also the living room of the home may no longer be a haven of personal information security.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years. recommendation：SFP+ 10Gbps Active Optical Cable, 5-Meter |SFP-10G-AOC5MSFP + MSA standard, low power consumption, light weight

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How to avoid server failures in the Internet age?

"When a cable is broken, tens of millions are misplaced." What are the biggest hidden dangers inside the Internet generation?Server cannot get admission to, for the Internet companies is no much less than a devastating blow, equal to the conventional shopping center front avenue changed into dug off so serious.The street is dug up, naturally there might be no clients;Server hung, of course, there may be no get admission to and traffic, the loss is workable.

So it was once that there has been a signal alongside the cable line that stated, "if one cable breaks, millions could be lost."In a bright example final year, an excavator in taizhou, zhejiang province broke the cable of yongtaiwen telecom, inflicting a lack of 14.5925 million yuan after being demonstrated by means of relevant departments. But the purpose of fiber optic cable broken may be a trivial rely, become dug through excavators damaged is taken into consideration very tall, telecom jinghangguang cable in 2008 additionally as soon as broken, the purpose become really a farmer in hubei xiaogan accidentally dug the ground broken! Internet connections are so vital, but so fragile.So a lot so that one laments that the lifeblood of a multibillion-dollar Internet business might also lie in a hoe. Emergency harm recuperation, emergency forestall In the aftermath of this incident, a phrase seemed numerous times, "emergency healing switch."In fact, emergency catastrophe healing is the best manner to cope with line failure. The so-called catastrophe tolerance refers to a standard of facts storage backup, because of this to offer an environment for records information to deal with numerous failures, to make certain the safety of user records inside the event of various natural and man-made disasters, and even to provide uninterrupted get entry to services, that is the very best stage of data garage backup. Figuratively, it's miles much like a sure shopping mall is flooded. At this time, it is essential to arrange humans to transfer the goods of the shopping center to the excessive warehouse, for you to make sure that the goods aren't flooded. When the water is long past, the products might be moved back.If the mall has not only warehouses, however also different branches, one of that is flooded, and other branches on excessive ground, can nevertheless open as normal and keep to provide offerings to clients, this is "carried out catastrophe recuperation".Obviously, utility disaster tolerance is extra beneficial, extra powerful, and surely extra costly than facts catastrophe tolerance. When the road fails, the cloud carrier providers perform emergency catastrophe recovery transfer, counting on their disaster healing structures.But as a sensible be counted, the catastrophe recuperation systems of those cloud provider providers are not extensively dispensed and secure enough, so they will nonetheless be affected. Cross-place disaster recovery, replacing nodes with nodes Be conscious, however, that now not all cloud provider carriers are affected.Those continue to be in proper shape.How?So this is a disaster healing approach, cross-local disaster recovery.As the name implies, pass-regional catastrophe tolerance refers to spreading disaster tolerance system greater broadly, which could span numerous areas. Such advantages can deliver stronger disaster tolerance capability. Therefore, for Internet corporations, building their personal move-nearby catastrophe recuperation gadget is a pinnacle precedence, and the cost is really worth it"When a cable is broken, tens of millions are misplaced." What are the biggest hidden dangers inside the Internet generation?Server cannot get admission to, for the Internet companies is no much less than a devastating blow, equal to the conventional shopping center front avenue changed into dug off so serious.The street is dug up, naturally there might be no clients;Server hung, of course, there may be no get admission to and traffic, the loss is workable. So it was once that there has been a signal alongside the cable line that stated, "if one cable breaks, millions could be lost."In a bright example final year, an excavator in taizhou, zhejiang province broke the cable of yongtaiwen telecom, inflicting a lack of 14.5925 million yuan after being demonstrated by means of relevant departments. But the purpose of fiber optic cable broken may be a trivial rely, become dug through excavators damaged is taken into consideration very tall, telecom jinghangguang cable in 2008 additionally as soon as broken, the purpose become really a farmer in hubei xiaogan accidentally dug the ground broken! Internet connections are so vital, but so fragile.So a lot so that one laments that the lifeblood of a multibillion-dollar Internet business might also lie in a hoe. Emergency harm recuperation, emergency forestall In the aftermath of this incident, a phrase seemed numerous times, "emergency healing switch."In fact, emergency catastrophe healing is the best manner to cope with line failure. The so-called catastrophe tolerance refers to a standard of facts storage backup, because of this to offer an environment for records information to deal with numerous failures, to make certain the safety of user records inside the event of various natural and man-made disasters, and even to provide uninterrupted get entry to services, that is the very best stage of data garage backup.

Figuratively, it's miles much like a sure shopping mall is flooded. At this time, it is essential to arrange humans to transfer the goods of the shopping center to the excessive warehouse, for you to make sure that the goods aren't flooded. When the water is long past, the products might be moved back.If the mall has not only warehouses, however also different branches, one of that is flooded, and other branches on excessive ground, can nevertheless open as normal and keep to provide offerings to clients, this is "carried out catastrophe recuperation".Obviously, utility disaster tolerance is extra beneficial, extra powerful, and surely extra costly than facts catastrophe tolerance. When the road fails, the cloud carrier providers perform emergency catastrophe recovery transfer, counting on their disaster healing structures.But as a sensible be counted, the catastrophe recuperation systems of those cloud provider providers are not extensively dispensed and secure enough, so they will nonetheless be affected. Cross-place disaster recovery, replacing nodes with nodes Be conscious, however, that now not all cloud provider carriers are affected.Those continue to be in proper shape.How?So this is a disaster healing approach, cross-local disaster recovery.As the name implies, pass-regional catastrophe tolerance refers to spreading disaster tolerance system greater broadly, which could span numerous areas. Such advantages can deliver stronger disaster tolerance capability. Therefore, for Internet corporations, building their personal move-nearby catastrophe recuperation gadget is a pinnacle precedence, and the cost is really worth it

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP+ Transceiver 10GBase-ZR 1550nm, 80KM | SFP-10G-ZRThe module is designed for single-mode fiber with a working wavelength of 1550 nm

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Will edge computing eat into cloud computing?

As increasingly workloads are located within the cloud, a few companies begin to circulate to the cloud which will realise the transition, and cloud computing is encroaching on the traditional information center marketplace.It has been determined that increasingly workloads, records, processing, and enterprise values are actually using part computing.Under this fashion, side computing may also grow to be as essential as cloud computing.

Data storage and evaluation are usually focused inside the cloud.Cloud computing has benefits in agility and economies of scale.Enterprises do not need to invest a large amount of fixed belongings to buy software program and hardware, and do now not want to feature records management personnel, as long as the use of third-birthday party cloud computing offerings, can speedy visit the cloud.This might be of huge assist to a number of the groups that are racing against the clock. But as cloud computing and the Internet of factors make bigger, increasingly statistics is being processed at the outer edge of data centers, and more and more data desires to be processed at the rims.This shift is beginning to show some weaknesses in cloud computing. According to Thomas Bittman, vice President of studies at Gartner, area computing is driven by means of five trends: 1. Cloud computing: centralizing IT economies of scale and bendy deployment, volatility and boom. 2. Internet of factors: Internet of things gadgets need to speak with every other and ship facts. 3. Machine learning: master all information and enhance processing and prediction.

Augmented and mixed fact (digital and real worlds) : people can engage with each different in bodily and virtual worlds. Digital commercial enterprise and the digital world: the connections among matters and those are driving actual-time interplay and selection-making. Cloud computing, which makes the digital transformation possible, is handing over computing to businesses at a completely rapid tempo and driving innovation.Edge computing is driven by way of carrier necessities extending to the purchaser inside the most green way possible.Of direction, not all and sundry thinks area computing and cloud computing are in struggle. According to Simon Sherwood, the Australian editor in chief, aspect computing can be an powerful extension of cloud computing, however it's far some distance from changing it.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP+ LR Transceiver 10GBase-LR 1310nm, 10KM | SFP-10G-LR This module is designed for single mode fiber and operates at a nominal wavelength of 1310 nm

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Two strategies for reducing data center complexity

Policies allow IT groups to manipulate virtual device availability, safety, and other additives more successfully.Companies can use the techniques outlined in this article to lessen the complexity of their facts facilities.As records centers develop and end up extra complicated, the use of software program rather than people to manipulate this complexity is greater effective and price-effective.

As a end result, policy-primarily based management has grow to be a basic ability for facts center administrators.Whether you are the use of hyperconverged structures or switching to software-described patterns, the intention of coverage-based management is to lessen the human attempt and use regulations to manipulate your IT infrastructure. Here are some suggestions on a way to get began with policy-based totally control in your data middle:

VM availability strategy A commonplace set of techniques apply to VM availability.The availability necessities of VMS rely upon the programs they provide and the technology used inside the packages.For instance, a set of Web servers at the back of a load balancer has exclusive availability necessities than a database server accessed.

You can set availability policies for Web servers that require the minimum wide variety of digital machines.Policies may permit a particular number of Web server VMS to run on neighborhood storage at the hypervisor host.Because neighborhood storage is less expensive than Shared garage on a garage place community (SAN), this approach can save cash.However, this policy will suggest that the Web server may also close down while its hypervisor host shuts down due to failure or maintenance.Web tier services get availability from the weight balancer and feature more than one Web servers.

Use exceptional availability strategies for the database server, which should run on a SAN to prevent hypervisor upkeep and get better automatically from hypervisor or hardware disasters.

Use the identical Web server availability policy for every Web server farm in the back of the weight balancer, in addition to the equal database server coverage as for character facts sources, consisting of database servers and report servers.When you reuse coverage based management, you can avoid policy creep, or you could have a massive variety of nearly same regulations. Application policy

You can use information center policies for programs and digital machines.An ERP system usually consists of more than one digital machines, every of which provides a part of the utility.You can mark digital machines to signify that they're a part of an ERP machine, or you could arrange them into an ERP folder for digital gadget stock.Then, observe an ERP policy for every digital device with a label or in a folder.

If your enterprise has a catastrophe recuperation (DR) approach, along with an ERP gadget this is expected to get better inside four hours and lose no extra than half-hour of statistics, then your records center strategy have to be implemented and achieved.For instance, this policy have to make certain that digital machines are replicated to the DR website online as part of an ERP gadget.Business DR rules have to be able to pressure garage systems in order that replication is configured to meet coverage requirements.

Testing recovery instances can be elaborate, but automation can assist.If an ERP gadget update is brought by using a new virtual machine, the policy guarantees that the brand new digital machine also can be replicated.Other digital machines can be marked as local digital machines which are needed simplest inside one website online, with out Dr. According to this strategy, those digital machines will now not be replicated, saving WAN bandwidth and, greater importantly, cash.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP28 Electrical Passive Loopback, 5dBIt provides an economical and efficient method for SFP28 port test with low loss.

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What is the difference between gigabit and gigabit modules?

The main difference between a gigabit light module and a gigabit light module is the transmission rate. The transmission rate of a gigabit light module is 1000Mbps, while the transmission rate of a gigabit light module is 10Gbps.Aside from the differences in transmission rates, what are the more specific differences between gigabit and gigabit modules?

Gigabit light module

As can be known from the name, a gigabit light module is a light module with a transmission rate of 1000Mbps, usually expressed as FE.Moreover, there are two kinds of gigabit light modules, namely gigabit SFP light module and GBIC light module, and the transmission distance can reach between 80m and 160km.Generally speaking, gigabit optical modules can be distinguished from the specification details of the product itself and the naming rules of optical modules provided by different companies.

In terms of packaging form, gigabit light modules include 1000Base SFP light module, BIDI SFP light module, CWDM SFP light module, DWDM SFP light module, SONET/SDH SFP light module, and GBIC light module.

Gigabit light module

A gigabit light module is a light module with a transmission rate of 10G, also known as a 10G light module, which is usually packaged in the form of SFP+ or XFP.The standard of 10 gigabit optical modules is IEEE 802.3ae, IEEE 802.3ak and IEEE 802.3an. When choosing 10 gigabit optical modules, we can consider the price, power consumption, space occupation and other factors.

In terms of packaging form, ten gigabit optical modules include 10G SFP+ optical module, BIDI SFP+ optical module, CWDM SFP+ optical module, DWDM SFP+ optical module, 10G XFP optical module, BIDI XFP optical module, CWDM XFP optical module, DWDM XFP optical module and 10G X2 optical module.

The gigabit optical module is used for gigabit Ethernet, dual-channel and bidirectional synchronous optical network (SONET), while the gigabit optical module is used for gigabit Ethernet, stm-64 and oc-192 rate standard synchronous optical network (SONET) and 10G optical channel.

In the application should choose gigabit light module or gigabit light module, this mainly depends on the type of network, for example, your network is gigabit Ethernet will use gigabit light module, gigabit Ethernet will use gigabit light module.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：SFP28 Electrical Passive Loopback, 3.5dB It provides an economical and efficient method for SFP28 port test with low loss.

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5G and fiber optics

The relationship between 5G and optical fiber: optical fiber (transmission medium) is the basis of 5G.

The development of 5G puts forward new requirements for optical fiber infrastructure, namely, high optical fiber carrying capacity and high fiber connection density. The competition of 5G is evolving into the competition of optical fiber infrastructure.

The peak rate of 5G users is 10-20 times that of 4G, up to 20Gbps, the pre-transmission rate of 5G is dozens of times that of 4G, the peak rate of low-frequency stations (100M, 64T/64R) 3x 25Gbps, the peak rate of high-frequency stations (800M, 2T2R) 3x 25Gbps. The peak capacity of 5G single station is dozens of times that of 4G, the peak capacity of low-frequency single station is 5Gbps, and the peak capacity of high-frequency single station is 15Gbps.The above large traffic will be sent to the data center through the metropolitan area network and the regional network, the metropolitan area network capacity will reach 10T magnitude, ultra-close to the fixed network.

The role of 5G optical fiber network will not only be limited to capacity, connection density and delay, but also change the relationship between wireless network and optical fiber network, which is increasingly close, and will gradually integrate into a unified end-to-end network.In addition to connectivity, important changes will occur in network architecture, function distribution, topology, device configuration and even transmission media.So the 5G race is turning into a fiber-optic infrastructure race!

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：25G SFP28 DAC Cable, 3-MeterIt enables higher port bandwidth, density and configurability at a low cost and reduced power requirement in the data centers

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Comparison between coaxial cable and optical fiber in monitoring system

As we all know, the definition and distortion of image in monitoring system are very important, and to determine the definition and distortion of image not only needs the basic equipment such as camera and lens which can handle high quality picture, but also the transmission of signal data is very important.At present, the transmission medium used to transmit image signals in the monitoring system mainly has three kinds of media: coaxial cable, twisted pair, and optical fiber.The choice of transmission medium is directly related to the quality and reliability of the whole monitoring system.

Coaxial cable: the price is cheap and the laying is convenient, so, generally in the small scope of monitoring system, the use of coaxial cable to directly transmit the monitoring image to the image quality damage is not big, can meet the actual requirements.However, according to the analysis of coaxial cable characteristics, the higher the signal frequency, the greater the attenuation.Coaxial cable is only suitable for transmitting image signal in close range. When the transmission distance reaches 200 meters or so, the image quality will obviously decline, especially the color becomes dim and has the sense of distortion.But coaxial cable is relatively cheap, so it is suitable for small factories or schools inside the simulation camera monitoring.

Industrial control system plastic fiber optic cable

Twisted pair: compared with coaxial cable twisted pair transmission distance is much longer, the maximum can reach 2400 meters, its price is cheap and easy to access, anti-interference ability is good.But twisted pair material anti - aging ability is weak, can only transmit one way image.Therefore, it is more suitable for video monitoring of network cameras in the medium and short distance, the camera points are relatively scattered and not many or the point points are relatively close but relatively concentrated environment, such as Banks, hotel chains, supermarkets or university campuses.

Optical fiber: optical fiber transmission has many advantages, such as long transmission distance, high rate, large bandwidth, small attenuation and best anti-interference performance.Suitable for long distance and large video transmission, such as road intersection monitoring.It can even reach tens of more than 100 kilometers, which is transmitted through optical fiber by converting video and control signals into optical signals.The optical transmission equipment mainly consists of video optical transmitter and optical transceiver.Optical fiber is the best way to solve long distance transmission.

To sum up, in the wiring selection of the monitoring system, we need to decide according to our monitoring environment and monitoring distance requirements. In the wiring, we need to consider various aspects and choose the best scheme, so as to reduce the cost input and achieve good monitoring effect.

Article provided by 10Gtek, thanks for your time. If you interested in more infos about intereconnect solutions, welcome to check on our site: www.sfpcables.com, which is a fiber store runs 10 years.

recommendation：25G SFP28 to SFP28 AOC 7mHigh data rate active fiber optic cable (AOC) with electrical interface conforming to sf8431 standard

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Cloud host, hosting cloud, server rental advantages and disadvantages

Server hosting service providers in jia and letter to take you to have a look, cloud host, server rental, hosting cloud three advantages and disadvantages are what.So that when you choose IDC services, you are making a better choice for yourself

Cloud hosting

Advantages: purchase resources on demand, convenient upgrade and expansion, low migration cost, easy backup and recovery.Many cloud hosts can even do online expansion, online kernel patch.

Disadvantages: since public cloud hosts are all virtualized, virtualization technology itself has some disadvantages, such as high host load, which will affect the cloud hosts on it.And the model configuration is generally the general version, can not meet some special hardware or system configuration.

Summary: generally speaking the advantage is cheap, flexible, the disadvantage is the performance is general, can not meet some special personalized configuration requirements.Resource sharing: with high degree of resource sharing, a physical server's resources can be Shared with other users' cloud hosts at the same time.

Server hire

Pros: high performance, and can be customized to some special configuration, such as requiring server hard disk storage space is particularly large.

Disadvantages: the first disadvantage is more expensive.Upgrading capacity is also inconvenient and may involve replacing physical equipment.It is inconvenient to move the machine.

Summary: relatively high price, good performance, customizable.Resource sharing: the level of resource sharing is average. The physical server only belongs to one user at the same time.But different physical cloud servers can share network devices.

Hosting cloud

Pros: cloud computing companies' hosting cloud services helps some businesses with server assets migrate to the cloud.Enterprise users can use cloud computing companies to provide data security, backup tools, traffic load balancing products and more sophisticated traffic monitoring services.Meanwhile, cloud computing companies have more professional operation and maintenance teams.

Disadvantages: it involves a lot of non-technical things for traditional enterprises to transfer servers from IDC to the computer room of cloud computing companies. Some original network configurations can be seamlessly connected to the cloud, which is also a tedious work summary: hosting cloud is applicable to a small range, and is generally used by companies with certain assets.Resource sharing: share some network equipment and the operation and maintenance team of cloud computing company

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9 common 5G technical terms

As a cutting-edge communication technology, 5G has many terms.Many of these terms are similar and confusing because of the rough naming of standards, specifications and technologies by various agencies and the complexity of 5G technology itself.

1. The IMT - 2020

Imt-2020, the legal designation for 5G, was decided by the ITU at the world wireless congress in 2012.To put it bluntly, imt-2020 is just another name for 5G.

2.3 GPP R15 / R16

3GPP is the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, an international communications organization.Members include four categories: organization members, market representatives, observers and Guests.Its members include ARIB (Japanese radio industry association), ATIS (American telecommunication industry solution alliance), CCSA (Chinese telecommunication standardization association), ETSI (European telecommunication standardization association), TSDSI (Indian telecommunication standards development association), TTA (Korea telecommunication technology association) and TTC (Japan telecommunication technical committee).Market representatives include 18 members including 4G Americas, 5GAA and GSM Association.The observers include three members, including ISACC.Special guests include 27 members including CITC and Netgear.

3GPP regularly releases new wireless standards, and R15(Release 15) is the first Release to include 5G standards.The second phase of 5G's R16 is scheduled to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2019.

3.NR(new opening)

NR is short for New Radio.The technical issues involved are complex, but NR is simply a new standard for data communication between wireless devices and base stations.

Communication between the device and the base station is wireless, and the medium of communication is radio in the air.The new air gap (NR) is "a new interface for the wireless transmission of data through the air".

4. MmWave

Millimeter-wave is an electromagnetic wave of 30 to 300 GHz, in the spectrum between microwave and infrared wave.Millimeter-wave applications to 5G range from 24 to 100 GHz.The extremely high frequency of millimeter wave gives it extremely fast transmission rate.Its higher bandwidth also gives operators a wider choice of spectrum.There is less and less spectrum available.

But millimeter-wave is not perfect either. Its ultra-short wavelength (1 to 10 mm) makes it very weak at penetrating objects, which causes signal attenuation.These objects include air, fog, clouds, and thick objects.

Fortunately, the development of communication technology in recent years has enabled people to find a way to overcome the short effective transmission distance of MMW.One way is simply to increase the number of base stations.Another approach is to beam electromagnetic waves through a large number of small antennas in a single straight line, creating a focused beam strong enough to extend the effective transmission distance.Shortwave also has advantages, such as allowing transceiver antennas to be small enough to fit easily into mobile phones.Small antennas also make it easier to build multi-antenna systems in confined Spaces.

5. LDPC

LDPC is called Low Density Parity Check Code. It was invented by Robert g. Gallager, an American engineer.It is a "linear error correction code".It can efficiently, precisely and reliably detect whether the data transmitted between devices is correct or missing.This capability allows LDPC to be used for wireless data transmission in complex jamming environments.

6. Polar Code

Polar Code is Polar Code in Chinese. It was first adopted by Stolte, N, a German, and Erdal Ar?Kan is put forward.Polarization code is a kind of "linear block error correction code", which has the same function as LDPC to ensure the correctness and integrity of data transmission.Polarized codes and LDPC have their own advantages and are suitable for different scenarios.

7. EMBB

The ITU classifies 5G networks into three broad categories. The first is eMMB, which stands for enhanced Mobile Broadband.As the name suggests, eMMB is a 5G network specifically for mobile devices such as mobile phones.EMBB will be the first of the three groups to be commercially available, since mobile phones are far more technologically mature than the latter two.

8. URLLC

The second category is URLLC.The full term for URLLC is referred to as "Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications" which translates to "extremely Reliable Low Latency Communications."The network will be used primarily for industrial use and autonomous vehicles.

9. MMTC

The third category is MMTC.MMTC stands for "Massive Machine Type Communications".MMTC is the type of network that will be used in the "Internet of things" and "Internet of everything" scenarios.The advantage of MMTC is that it allows a large number of adjacent devices to enjoy smooth communication connections at the same time.

5G is the current technology focus of the industry, so there are a lot of relevant terms floating around on the Internet.While it's not necessary for us as consumers to understand the rationale behind it, it's worth knowing a little about the basic meaning of common terminology, and hopefully this article will give you a better understanding of 5G.

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In the future, AI can be used for 5G network analysis

Many blogs and vendors are writing about 5G, from new media transmission to gigabit speeds to mobile devices.With seemingly unlimited bandwidth possibilities, the added value of moving to 5G is obvious, but we need to consider the impact of this type of network, and the number of cellular sites and managed devices will grow dramatically, and it's not clear that today's network design can handle them.

Server hosting

Deal with new levels of complexity and the possibility of operations failing

The real vision for 5G is to be able to offer gigabit speed mobile services and fixed wireless broadband, with new types of wireless access and spectrum bringing together a single 5G network.This adds significant complexity to existing wireless networks.For example, a mobile provider may need to add new client devices (CPE) to deliver video media in a customer's home.CPE devices, including wireless set-top boxes (or dongles), wireless routers, and wireless Bridges, use these devices to forward uhf signals (such as 30Ghz) from the outside to the home.These wireless relay devices may become commonplace as CSPS adopt higher frequencies.The design of RAN had to change due to higher and higher spectrum usage.Currently, CSPS may be running 70,000 cellular sites, but they will soon find themselves running hundreds of thousands of cellular sites.As the number of managed devices of the new CPE increases from 10x to 100x, making operations more complex, each device generates thousands of pieces of data.These millions of new devices can fail countless times a day, and it is clear that current operating practices and systems cannot maintain the expected service levels, so it is difficult to retain existing customers or win new customers.

What should operators do?

As CSP prepares for 5G, those who may be successful in 5G in the future are focused on bringing advanced network operations and customer experience systems to the network.However, with the increasing number of network elements and connected devices, it is almost impossible to run 5G networks without the help of AI analysis.

New consumer applications will drive a huge shift in the web.With the widespread use of augmented reality and virtual reality, consumer demand for these applications will further consume bandwidth and increase network variability.This will drive the development of higher density computing and storage systems that are closer to consumers and at the edge of the network.Smaller, decentralized data centers are needed to support burst capacity for everything from networks to services.The deployment of NFV and SDN and the virtualization applications of previous hardware-based systems across the country require specific analysis and proper management.The next generation of ai-based tools can be used to predict the impact of service failures and automatically trigger workflows to fix problems encountered by customers.

In addition, we've seen a big shift in customer expectations.Have you tried calling Google to support Gmail?You can't.From the beginning, many of our favorite content providers have developed customer self-service systems that, combined with advanced analytics and automation, create consistent services for customers at any time of day.CSP will be pushed in the same direction.5G represents not only an important network transition, but also a transition point for customer engagement and network operations.

To achieve this transformation, CSP needs an analysis framework that enhances the deployment of existing datapool by adding a rich set of analysis and application accelerators to extract and leverage data stored in the datapool, add missing data, and quickly create analysis applications that solve key business problems.Creating applications that can quickly access data in real time is critical to making the transition to 5G and a real transition.

Use AI analysis to change the way you interact with customers

Accessible data will change not only how CSPS operate their networks, but how they interact with customers.In today's typical scenario, customer service, marketing and network operations are all separate departments that do not share data with each other.From the customer's perspective, this can lead to isolated interactions where the customer may have a very different experience in each department.Marketing departments may be trying to sell new features or services to customers when they want basic connections fixed.Ai-driven analytics allow data from the network to be Shared, allowing all interested parties to easily see the customer as a whole, using raw and processed data.Each department can see the customer's complete data and then create department-specific applications as needed.

The next generation network operations system can easily analyze the trillions of data generated seamlessly by servers, applications, radios, routers, switches, SIM, Internet of things modules and CPE.These analyses will be able to see small changes in normal mode, giving early warning of impending failures.With this information, the CSP will have the opportunity to categorize the data, prioritize the workload, and allow customers to use the system for self-service.In addition to predicting failures, the analysis will help operations teams more quickly identify systems that could cause problems.By reaching out to customers, many customer calls and trouble tickets can be avoided.By increasing uptime, higher quality service and better overall experience can attract higher-level customers.

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IDC room dust four skills

Dust can be said to be all electronic devices, if it is IDC room is more serious.If dust removal is not in place, dust will carry moisture and corrosive substances into the equipment components, long-term accumulation will lead to unstable work of the equipment, no matter how good the server or network equipment will have problems.We should not only know how to dust the machine room, but also know how to dust the machine room.Today to introduce 4 room dust removal tips.

1. Set the dust removal cycle

The dust removal in the machine room is generally divided into three parts: the inside of the machine room, the outside of the machine room and the inside of the equipment in the machine room.Small and medium-sized room dust cycle is not the same.The interior of a medium machine room should be cleaned every half a month.Keep the exterior clean every day, but clean the precision equipment once a month.Since the size of each company's computer room is different, a reasonable dust removal cycle should be set according to its own situation.

2. Prevent electrostatic hazards

Before cleaning, the staff should wear antistatic clothing, wear electrostatic ring and other equipment, to prevent the damage of electric body to the equipment.For the display and other equipment should first do discharge processing.

3. Understand the equipment structure

Due to the different structure of machine room equipment supplied by different manufacturers, it is necessary to read the manual in advance when disassembling, and forced disassembling is not allowed to prevent damage to the equipment.

4. Choose cleaning tools

You don't need complicated tools to clean your equipment. A cross point screwdriver, flat nose screwdriver, paint brush, or oil brush will almost always do the trick, but don't use a brush that's easy to remove.If the need for simple maintenance, needle-nosed pliers, test pen, multimeter and other equipment.According to regulations, under static conditions, the number of dust particles greater than or equal to 0.5 micron per liter of air should be less than 18,000 particles.Regular inspections should be carried out in accordance with this standard.

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The server selects five common criteria

1. When selecting a server, the first consideration should be to host the required application services, and then determine the hardware and software configuration required by the service

Before the enterprise in preparation for hosting, always want to buy a high-end server, and then want to rent how much bandwidth to host their own servers, rather than from their actual needs to choose servers and IDC service providers, but this way both waste resources and increase the user's capital investment.

Enterprises in the construction of websites or e-commerce, may not need high-end or expensive servers, may not need to rent a lot of bandwidth in IDC.Can completely according to their actual application needs, the enterprise decided to buy their own server brand and configuration standards, if do free E-mail service, so the storage must be larger, can use multiple hard disk or disk array, or even network storage equipment;If there is a database query service, then the memory must be larger;If the site traffic is large, you need to use load balancing technology;If the data volume is large, data backup and accident data recovery technology must be strong.Generally speaking, when enterprises choose servers, they must choose the brand and server configuration based on their own application requirements. There is no need to choose the best and the most expensive, and it is the best to meet their own needs.

2. High configuration does not equal high performance, stability and scalability are most important

Each component of the server is an organic whole, connected with each other and affecting each other.It is important to consider the compatibility of different parts when selecting a server to achieve the best performance of the configuration.The most important index of the server is stability, especially the server running in IDC, it must be 24×7×365 working time, so the server stability requirements are very high, must be able to ensure their stability, security, normal work.After the customer hosts the server, along with the customer visits and service changes, the server needs to continuously increase or reduce the related hardware and software, in order to continuously improve the service level and service ability, so the server must have a strong scalability, to provide customers with extensible space.

3. General server to special server development, ease of use and specificity is very obvious

With the development of the Internet, the requirements of customers to servers are also improving and changing.Therefore, the current general server will gradually shift to professional server, E-mail, for example, only need to email service before in any one put an email software as a service can provide email service, regardless of its stable performance, also regardless of its ability to deal with your email, as long as can.But the truth is not as simple as you might think. Service to email is different from Web service. Stability and server response speed are very important.Therefore, you need a dedicated server to provide services.The future development trend of the enterprise post office server should be ease of use and specificity, the choice of server and configuration should be relatively simple, don't need to have a high technical threshold, and the development trend of specificity will be very obvious, what kind of service will have what kind of characteristics, the characteristics of different requires different products to meet his demands.

4. Hardware and software, network resource sharing is the development trend

An important characteristic of IDC users is the sharing of resources, which cannot be reflected in the current IDC users. Different customers cannot share hardware and software resources with other customers because of the security of their data and information.However, in the future development trend, different customers may share network storage, value-added services, application services and other types of resources provided by IDC.Some devices in the server can be Shared to optimize resources, reduce costs and improve the utilization of resources.

5. The software and hardware are highly complementary to each other, so the selection criteria should be considered comprehensively

Customers should consider both software and hardware when choosing servers.Large memory is required to run a large number of applications.If you need to load a lot of traffic, you need to consider large memory.Only when the hardware and software cooperate well can the good performance of the server be brought into full play. Only when the hardware of the server is advanced can the high performance and stability of the final service be guaranteed without the cooperation of the software.Therefore, the server should be selected from two aspects of comprehensive consideration, with a comprehensive index to select the server.

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