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Act 5 Scene 1+2

Summary 

The final act of Othello commences with Iago and Roderigo hiding outside on a street as they wait for Cassio. As soon as he appears, Rodrigo jumps out and attempts to stab Cassio but the thrust is blocked by armour. In response to this attack Cassio quickly stabs Roderigo. Seeing this, Iago sneaks up behind Cassio and stabs him in the leg. Othello overhears the commotion and presumes Cassio is dead. He then quickly flees to kill Desdemona. As people begin to gather outside to see what has happened, Iago tries to blame the violence on Bianca. The scene ends with Emilia agreeing with her husband and calling Bianca a whore. The final scene of the play begins with Othello trying to work up the courage to smother Desdemona. She soon wakes, begging Othello not to kill her but he does so nonetheless. Emilia enters and explains how Desdemona truly was innocent, to which Desdemona wakes and just before she dies, she pleads that her death was self-induced and Othello is innocent. After hearing Emilia insist her mistress is innocence, Othello begins to feel remorse. Montano, Graziano, and Iago soon enter with a letter found in Roderigo’s pocket explaining Iago’s whole evil plot. Othello tries to kill Iago but misses and Iago stabs Emilia. Othello then stabs himself and falls dead beside Desdemona. The play ends with Cassio getting promoted to general of Venice, as Iago is dragged off to be tortured. Question  What is the dramatic significance of having Desdemona speak before she dies? In seemingly reviving Desdemona for her final words in the play, Shakespeare creates a haunting feeling in the air. Although Othello believed Desdemona to be dead, she actually stayed alive long enough to assure Emilia that it was not Othello's fault that she was dead-it was her own. Desdemona leaves the legacy that she is eternally obedient to Othello- even if it means she would be the one to get hurt. Visual Component 

In an attempt to sum up the play, I have chosen this renaissance painting, titled The Damned Cast into Hell by Luca Signorelli. The painting depicts chaos taking over the people of Earth, as if trying to drag them to hell. Much like in the painting, Othello has reached its climax. With Emilia, Roderigo, Desdemona and Othello all dead, justice is attempting to be brought upon the situation. Iago is now under control of the state, and is to be tortured, while Cassio, an innocent man, has now taken Othello’s place as general. Most of the people who died did nothing wrong expect for being at the wrong place at the wrong time, while the true villain of this play lives on to live his life.

Reflection 

After sending Roderigo off to kill Cassio, Iago describes his relationship with Roderigo as he states, "I have rubbed this young quat almost to the sense, And he grows angry" (5.1.11). By comparing Roderigo to a pimple, Iago suggests that Roderigo may be younger than initially perceived to be. Consequently, his actions of selling all his valuables and instilling all his trust in Iago in order to woo Desdemona are justified as a result of his youthful inexperience. In-class Activity 

What is Shakespeare trying to make us understand about Justice?

Throughout the play, Shakespeare uses strong characterization to allow the audience to form their own opinions about various characters and situations. By the end of Othello, Shakespeare ensures that all the characters either die as heroically as they lived, or suffer as a result of their past ill-intentions. Not all those who deserve justice get it. Prime examples of this are of Desdemona and Emilia-who never willingly did anything morally wrong throughout the entire play. In fact, their only downfall was that they cared too much; Emilia for Desdemona and Desdemona for Othello. The women died without a cause and therefore justice was not brought upon their deaths. Likewise, Othello was a good and honest man. It was only when Iago tainted his mind with the allegation of his wife’s infidelity that he became vengeful. This dramatic change in personality proves that Othello’s death was just because he did kill his wife, even if Iago was the one to influence him to do so. All in all, Shakespeare is trying to get across the point that justice is usually very difficult to vindicate, and it may not always come across as fair.

Picture Source-https://bloggingtheodicy.wordpress.com/2011/05/11/signorellis-damned-cast-into-hell/

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Act 4 Scene 2+3

Summary

Scene two beings with Othello questioning Emilia about Desdemona’s recent behaviour. Emilia keeps insisting that Desdemona has done nothing wrong and urges Othello to speak to her himself. Once Emilia leaves to fetch Desdemona, Othello prepares to conceal his fury towards his wife. However, this doesn’t last long and Othello quickly goes back into accusing Desdemona of being a strumpet. Once he leaves, Emilia and Iago enter to comfort her. Iago assures Desdemona that Othello is simply stressed with work and she should not take his frustration to heart. The women then leave and Roderigo enters, frustrated that he is still not with Desdemona-even after sending her jewels. Scene two concludes with Iago informing Roderigo that Othello and Desdemona will leave to Mauritania and it’s vital for Roderigo to kill Cassio in order to stop them. Scene three commences with Desdemona in her bedroom with Emilia. As Emilia prepares Desdemona’s wedding sheets for the bed, Desdemona tells Emilia of a song about heartbreak her mother’s maid Barbary used to sing called Willow. Desdemona begins to sing it, foreshadowing that her death is near. The scene concludes with Desdemona going to bed as Emilia leaves.

Question

In what way are Emilia and Iago’s thought processes similar?

Both Iago and Emilia share the similarity of misunderstanding and underestimating the opposite gender. In previous scenes Iago has labelled women as salacious and unfaithful. Similarly in scene two, Emilia claims that men “are all but stomachs, and we all but food. To eat us hungrily, and when they are full, they belch us” (4.3.92). The two ironically think of each other’s gender in such a concrete, negative way that they do not realize that there is good in both of them.

Visual Component

The Willow Song, Mignarda Act 4 Scene 3

(As the lyrics appear in the play)

The poor soul sat sighing by a sycamore tree,

Sing all a green willow.

Her hand on her bosom, her head on her knee,

Sing willow, willow, willow.

The fresh streams ran by her, and murmured her moans,

Sing willow, willow, willow.

Her salt tears fell from her, and softened the stones

Sing willow, willow, willow

Lay by these

Willow, willow

Prithee, hie thee, he’ll come anon

Sing all a green willow must be my garland.

Let nobody blame him, his scorn I approve

I chose to include this adaptation of Desdemona’s Willow song for this blog entry to reiterate the tone of the play at the end of act four. This song, although melodic and sweet-sounding is actually quite dark and dramatic. Although it initially sounds as if everything is going well, if you listen closely to the lyrics they emit certain feeling of despair-just as I predict Desdemona to be feeling.

Reflection

Roderigo re-enters the play in this scene for the first time since act two. I found it surprising how even after all of Iago’s meaningless promises and all the false hope he has given Roderigo, Roderigo still comes crawling back to Iago for advice on how to proceed with attempting to woo Desdemona. Although he initially confronts Iago about how his plan is not working, as soon as Iago twists his words in the right way to give Roderigo an ounce of hope, Roderigo eats it right up and is ready to do whatever Iago wants him to-including to kill Cassio.

Song from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iYm2MQWPUA

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Act 4 Scene 1

Summary

This scene commences with Othello and Iago in the midst of a conversation about Desdemona and Cassio. As Othello continues contemplating his wife’s infidelity, he falls into an epileptic seizure. When he awakes, Iago tells Othello that Cassio is on his way to speak with him and urges Othello to hide and observe Cassio’s facial expressions. Othello complies and Cassio soon re-enters, eager to speak with Iago. Cassio speaks very lowly of Bianca, calling her a worthless prostitute and making fun of her. All the while, Othello is overhearing each word; believing Cassio to be speaking in regards to Desdemona in such a way. Bianca then barges in to give Cassio back Desdemona’s handkerchief, furious that Cassio got it from another woman. As soon as Cassio leaves with Bianca, Othello emerges more vengeful than ever. He plans to strangle Desdemona while Iago plans to kill Cassio. Lodovico and Desdemona soon arrive to give Othello a letter from Venice. The letter states how Cassio will be appointed to general. While he reads, Desdemona tells her cousin about the drunken misunderstanding. Othello takes this as a sign of preference over him and slaps Desdemona, expelling her from the room. The scene concludes with Lodovico in shock at how different Othello is than initially thought of.

Question

What is the significance of Othello’s fit?

The fact that Othello had a seizure in response to his conversation with Iago implies how deeply scarred he is because of Desdemona’s betrayal. It is clearly evident how much he had previously loved her, and to have her show so much disdain towards him completely infuriates Othello to the point where he seizes.

Visual Component

I chose this picture to represent Othello eavesdropping into Iago and Cassio’s conversation regarding Bianca. Although the two men are making fun of Cassio’s mistress, Iago led Othello to believe that Cassio is actually speaking about Desdemona. Since this conversation consists of Cassio vulgarly objectifying Bianca, Othello’s wrath grows as he believes it is his wife who is being referred to in such a manner.

Reflection

I found the scene is which Othello slaps Desdemona shocking not only because it seems so out of character for Othello, but also because the other people in the scene didn’t seem to be fazed by the violence at all. In some ways I find it hard to believe that Othello would hurt Desdemona in any way, especially based on his kind, gentle nature in the previous acts. On the other hand, it is clear that Othello is heartbroken and the only rational emotion he feels is revenge. Moreover it was strange how there was virtually no reaction from the other people in the scene after Desdemona got hit, especially her cousin Lodovico. I would have thought that he would be furious that Othello hurt one of his family members, but he seemed indifferent.

In-Class Activity

How does the film version enrich your experience with the play versus how you table read it? If you were to only watch the film movie, what impression would you have? What was the purpose of those changes?

The various film versions actually provide the readers with actions and intonations that they would otherwise have to inference while reading the play. If I were to solely watch the movie I feel as though it would be hard to comprehend all the details, as it would pass by more quickly than if I were to read it. Additionally, movies can often times leave out important parts mentioned in the written version of the play in order to make the movie shorter and more appealing to the audience.

1.  Fishburne: (1995) The last scene we see is of Othello hugging Iago. Did you get that impression that Othello depended on Iago emotionally like that? How does that change how we view Iago’s deception and Othello’s character? How much did it differ from when you wrote your script?

Othello clearly values Iago and what he has to say. As a result, it was not surprising that Othello hugged Iago at the end of this very emotional scene. Othello feels as though Iago is the only one who is there for him in his time of despair-which is exactly what Iago wanted in the first place. With Othello feeling so attached to Iago, it makes it significantly easier for Iago to ruin him.

2.  Welles (1951): Welles chose to film from Othello’s speech in Act 3 Scene 3, and the skip the rest of Act 4 Scene 4 and jump straight into this. What changes? How does this affect how we interpret or know about the scene?

Act three scene three provides the initiating of Othello’s dramatic change in character. By skipping out on this scene, important background information as to how Othello grew to be so vengeful is being omitted. As a result, the audience may interpret Othello as being impulsive and quick tempered-even though he is not initially seen in this way.

Picture Source - http://www.redsolutions.me/media/images/05122015/eavesdropping.jpg

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Act 3 Scene 4

Summary 

Scene four begins with Desdemona asking a clown to look for Cassio. The clown complies and exits, leaving Desdemona alone to speak with Emilia. Just as Emilia begins to ask whether Othello is a jealous man, Desdemona quickly dismisses the thought, stating that she has never known Othello to be envious. Othello then enters and attempts to conceal his rage as he takes his wife's hand, commenting on how moist and warm it is. Desdemona does not quite understand this allegation of cheating and dismisses it. Desdemona then offers her handkerchief to Othello but he refuses once he sees that it is not the one he gave her. Once Othello asks where that handkerchief is, Desdemona informs him that she doesn't have it and insists on discussing the issue regarding Cassio instead. Othello grows extremely frustrated and tells Desdemona that the handkerchief was his mother's and it had a spell in which there would be love between her and her husband as long as she had the handkerchief. Othello then angrily leaves and Emilia warns Desdemona that people don't need a reason to be jealous. Cassio and Iago then enter to get an update on Othello but Desdemona informs them that Othello is angry and should be left alone. Cassio then leaves to find Bianca. The scene concludes with Cassio asking her to copy the embroidery pattern of Desdemona's handkerchief. Bianca is reluctant, but agrees to Cassio. Question How can Bianca act as an asset to Iago? Bianca is under the impression that Cassio is seeing another woman, based on the handkerchief he asked her to replicate. Similarly Othello also has suspicions that Desdemona is cheating on him with Cassio. Although Iago may not yet be aware, these assumptions made by Bianca and Othello are great assets to him, as they provide a way for Desdemona and Othello to go against and begin to distrust each other. Visual Component   Somebody told me - The Killers

Breaking my back just to know your name

Seventeen tracks and I've had it with this game

I'm breaking my back just to know your name

But heaven ain't close in a place like this

Anything goes but don't blink, you might miss

Cause heaven ain't close in a place like this

I said heaven ain't close in a place like this

Bring it back down, bring it back down tonight

Never thought I'd let a rumor ruin my moonlight 

Chorus

Ready, let's roll onto something new

Taking its toll, and I'm leaving without you

Cause heaven ain't close in a place like this

I said heaven ain't close in a place like this

Bring it back down, bring it back down tonight

Never thought I'd let a rumor ruin my moonlight

Chorus

Pace yourself for me (for me)

I said maybe, baby please

But I just don't know now (maybe, baby)

When all I wanna do is try

Chorus X3

I chose this song because I feel as though it perfectly relates to both Othello and Bianca. The two share the same suspicion that they are being cheated on by their significant others and become extremely envious. I predict that this envy will likely lead them to becoming obsessed with the idea of revenge, as a result of being deceived and having their hearts broken.

Reflection 

I found this scene to act as the imitation of Othello’s downfall. He has already lost all faith in Desdemona and is solely relying on what Iago plants into his mind. However, his suspicions grow as the handkerchief is brought to light. In his rage, Othello has already ordered Iago to have Cassio killed, so ther is no telling what he is capable of.

In-class Activity 

1. How are Desdemona’s words in lines 31-32 ironic?

When asked by Emilia whether or not Othello is a jealous man, Desdemona responds with the lines, “Who, he? I think the sun where he was born drew all such humours from him” (3.4.31-32). This is quite ironic as, in the previous scene, Othello had just found out about her alleged affair with Cassio and grew incredibly envious. Desdemona is unaware of this and still believes that Othello is too wise and kind-hearted to be suspected of such negative emotions.

2. Of what significance is the handkerchief to Othello (the character, not the play)? What new insight does this give to his character? Is this surprising to you?

The story Othello tells Desdemona of his mother giving him the handkerchief implies that he cares a lot about his family. Moreover, his explanation of it having magic woven into it and possessing the ability similar to that of a love potion, suggests that Othello believes in the supernatural - something deemed extremely controversial at the time. Personally, I'm not certain that Othello values the handkerchief to such an extent because it was a gift from his mother; rather, he sees value in it based on Iago's accusation that Desdemona may be cheating. If this is the case, then the handkerchief is the only solid proof Othello has to believe this.

3. What role does Emilia play in Iago’s plot?  Explain specifically.

Emilia acts as a huge asset to Iago’s plot, as she was the one who found and gave the handkerchief to Iago. Without Emilia, Iago would have no solid proof to provide to Othello in order to support the accusation of Desdemona’s infidelity. Consequently, it would be more difficult to convince Othello that Desdemona is being unfaithful to him.

4. Describe the emotional cycle Othello experiences once Iago suggests Desdemona is cheating on him.

Upon first hearing Iago's suggestion that Desdemona is cheating on him, Othello seems to be in denial-not wanting to believe that his beloved wife is capable of such sin. However, as Iago continues to feed Othello's thoughts, he grows suspicious, but still hesitant to believe Iago. He even asks for proof stating, "I’ll see before I doubt; when I doubt, prove" (3.3.221). It is when Iago informs Othello that he overheard Cassio having a dream in which he slept with Desdemona that Othello had enough and finally gave into Iago's allegations. When he meets Desdemona in scene four he becomes infuriated when she doesn't have her handkerchief. Othello goes on quite the emotional rollercoaster in the last two scenes. 5. Why must Iago take his time to convince Othello about Desdemona and Cassio?

Iago chose to take his time to convince Othello about Desdemona and Cassio's affair because he needed to seem as believable as possible. Othello is a rational and thoughtful man - he thinks before coming to conclusions and Iago had to keep that in mind for his plan to have worked. Acting reluctant and self-conscious about allegedly exposing Desdemona to her husband deceived Othello into thinking Iago is telling the truth, and therefore made it much easier for him to trust in Iago.

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Act 3 Scene 3 Lines 37-546

Summary

The second part of three begins with Iago and Othello deep in conversation. After hearing so from Desdemona, Iago questions Othello about the fact that Cassio was involved in the process Othello took on in order to woo Desdemona. Based on Iago’s sudden interest and strange behavior, Othello tries to convince Iago to share his thoughts, to which Iago reluctantly informs the Moor that he has suspicions that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. Eventually, these assumptions start to get to Othello and he decides that they must be true based on their differences in age, race and status. On cue Desdemona and Emilia enter to inform the men that dinner is being served. When Othello expresses that he has a headache, Desdemona offers him her handkerchief to help but it falls to the floor after Othello refuses it. Once the two leave, Emilia quickly picks up the handkerchief and teases Iago with it, although she eventually gives it to him. Iago plans to hide the handkerchief at Cassio’s house to validate the rumor of Desdemona’s alleged affair. Othello soon comes back in and Iago informs him of how Cassio has had dreams in which he was having sex with Desdemona. Othello is now fully convinced of Desdemona’s infidelity and gives Iago three days to kill Cassio. The scene ends with Othello swearing to get revenge on his wife.

Question

Emilia is one of the only people who can see past Iago’s deception. Knowing this, does she have similar intentions as her husband?

Emilia is supposed to be an assistant to Desdemona. However, there is a very good possibility that Emilia is jealous of Desdemona and wishes her harm. Desdemona constantly gets attention from men, has a husband who loves her (or at least used to love her) and comes from a noble family. Emilia has to sit on the sidelines while Desdemona is constantly in the spotlight. By giving the handkerchief to Iago, Emilia is not only going against Desdemona, she is also helping her husband to take Othello down – although she may not know it.

Visual Component

“O, beware my lord, of jealously! It is the green eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on” (3.3.195-197)

I chose this picture of green eyes to illustrate the above quote about envy. This so-called monster has come up before in the play and made another appearance in this scene of temptation. Ironically, this quote is said by Iago - one of the most (if not the most) jealous character of them all. It is evident how he is trying to transmit his envious feelings over to Othello in an effort to take him down once and for all.

Reflection

This scene showcases a massive change Othello’s composure. Up until this point in the play, the most negative the readers have known Othello to be was during the time when he fired Cassio as his lieutenant. Iago managed to instill such a significant level of doubt in Othello’s mind that he reached his breaking point. It is clear that Othello used to love and care about Desdemona a lot. Once he finds out that there is a possibility that his dear wife is being unfaithful, it breaks his heart and he becomes infuriated by her betrayal.

In-Class Activity

"When I love thee not, chaos is come again". How might we frame this today? How seriously can we take it? What role does this line play in Othello?

Based on these lines, Othello is clearly head over heels in love with Desdemona at the time-so much so that he implies chaos will ensue if ever he stops loving her. In a modern setting this line would be the equivalent of someone proclaiming that their love is so real and full of passion that they would die if they didn't have it in their lives. These words of love are usually taken to heart by the lover in which it is said to, but to anyone with a clear mind it seems excessively dramatic and unrealistic. In the context of the play, it seems as if Othello's life was incomplete and was longing for something special to bring him happiness. Once Desdemona entered Othello's life and began to show genuine emotions towards him and his journeys, Othello fell in love. Without Desdemona he would go back to feeling that lingering loneliness and desolation he has previously been feeling for all the years prior to meeting his wife.

Picture Source - https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-love-and-war/201307/5-antidotes-the-poison-envy

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Act 3 Scene 3 Lines 1-99

Summary

Scene three commences with Emilia having taken Cassio to see Desdemona. With this visit, Cassio hopes to ask Desdemona for her help in convincing Othello to reinstate him. Desdemona doubtlessly agrees to act as Cassio’s advocate, assuring him that the tension between him and Othello is purely political. Desdemona even goes as far to say that she would rather die than to lose faith in him. Iago and Othello soon enter and Cassio promptly leaves, not yet wanting to be seen by Othello. Desdemona greets her husband by informing him about Cassio’s dilemma. She then continuously pleads for Othello to set up a time in which Cassio can apologize for his previous drunken actions and Othello dismisses the idea. As Desdemona continues to try to arrange a time for the meeting, she quickly becomes frustrated with Othello’s passive answers. Seeing this change in emotion, Othello assures his wife that he will speak with Cassio and all will be taken care of. This section of the scene ends with Desdemona pledging her obedience to her husband.

Questions

Why is Cassio still so hesitant to face Othello?

Based on the drunken argument he got into with Roderigo in the previous act, it is to be expected that Cassio take charge and apologize to Othello for his unprofessional behavior, as a sign of respect and recognition of wrong doing. However, Cassio cannot bring himself to ask the Moor for forgiveness. Perhaps it is because he is extremely ashamed and is not yet ready to face Othello. This would explain his long planning process through Desdemona in which he plans to meet Othello rather than just going to him directly. Although Cassio’s intentions are not yet clear, he is most likely just trying to buy time to work up the courage and find the right words to make Othello forgive him.

Visual Component

Sorry Seems to be the Hardest Word – Elton John

Lyrics

What have I got to do to make you love me

What have I got to do to make you care,

What do I do when lightning strikes me

And I wake to find that you're not there?

What have I got to do to make you want me,

What have I got to do to be heard,

What do I say when it's all over?

And sorry seems to be the hardest word

It's sad, so sad (so sad)

It's a sad, sad situation

And it's getting more and more absurd

It's sad, so sad (so sad)

Why can't we talk it over?

Oh it seems to me

That sorry seems to be the hardest word

Chorus

What have I do to make you love me, oh

What have I got to do to be heard,

What do I do when lightning strikes me

What have I got to do?

What have I got to do?

When sorry seems to be the hardest word

I chose this particular Sir Elton John song because I find it really relates to Cassio’s situation. Although he so desperately wants Othello to forgive him for his profanity, Cassio is too afraid to face him, and instead confides in Desdemona to help him.

Reflection

This scene really focuses on the character development of Desdemona, as it provides readers with additional information and inferences regarding her character. Desdemona is evidently very quick to jump in and help Cassio in his time of need. Additionally, she also shows her youth when she impatiently pleads to Othello to decide on a time to meet Cassio. Although it initially seemed that way, Desdemona is not the obedient wife she was first portrayed to be. Instead, she speaks her mind, has her own duties and does whatever she must in order to get what it is she desires.

Lyrics from 

https://play.google.com/music/preview/Txzdsucafng7sfgyfgnc5luf7by?lyrics=1&utm_source=google&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=lyrics&pcampaignid=kp-songlyrics

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Act 3 Scene 1 and 2

Summary

Act three begins with a short scene in which the readers learn that Cassio has hired a group of musicians to lighten Othello’s mood after last night’s drunken brawl. After Casio leaves, a clown quickly comes in and begins to critique the musicians. He then asks the musicians to stop playing, as Othello isn’t in the mood for their music. Cassio soon comes back and pays the clown to let him know when Desdemona is awake so that he can speak with her. However, the clown states that Desdemona has already woken up and if he sees her, then he will inform Casio. As the clown leaves, Iago enters and says that he will arrange a meeting time for Cassio to chat with Desdemona and informs Iago of his plan to distract Othello so the two would have uninterrupted chance to talk. The scene ends with Emilia and Cassio leaving together in search of Desdemona. In scene two, Othello gives Iago some papers to send to the Venetian Senate, and quickly concludes with the men going to check up on some infrastructure.

Question

1. Could Emilia become jealous of Desdemona now that she has captures the attention of both Cassio and Othello?

Based on the way Iago spoke of his wife Emilia in the previous act, it is evident that he does not actually love her, an instead is using her only to satisfy his own sexual desires. As a result, Emilia will likely grow to despise Iago. Although we don’t know too much about Emilia just yet, it is completely understandable why she might be jealous of Desdemona. While Desdemona is getting attention from so many different men, Emilia feels as though she is being ignored.

Visual Component

I chose this picture representing a love triangle because I feel as though the relationship between Desdemona and Othello as well as Iago and Emilia will likely get broken apart because of Cassio.

Reflection

The clown who shows up to make jokes and euphemisms about the musicians provides comic relief after such a suspenseful scene of Cassio getting fired. Many writers chose to input an amusing scene after an intense one to even out the tensions of their story. I personally believe this is a very effective way to keep the written work exciting.

Picture Source-http://ffffound.com/image/2e6cfd61943fa4942bfb63b9fcf679b80c53f36f

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Act 2, Scene 3, Lines 284-410

Summary

The last part of scene three revolves around Cassio and Iago’s conversation after Cassio was fired as lieutenant. At this point, it is evident that Cassio is extremely distraught, thinking that his reputation and everything he has worked for has gone down the drain. Cassio exclaims to Iago that he would much rather have Othello hate him rather than to be viewed as a drunk. In witnessing Cassio’s despair, Iago realizes this is yet another opportunity for manipulation. Iago begins by testing Cassio to see how much he remembers from his drunken endeavor. However, Cassio doesn’t remember too much-only that his drunkenness went away as soon as he got angry, just prior to stabbing Montano. Iago tries to reassure Cassio, stating that a little wine does no harm if you know how to handle it. He then suggests that Cassio speak to Desdemona and ask her to try and convince Othello to reinstate him. Cassio acts thankfully towards Iago’s suggestion and leaves to talk to Desdemona. The scene concludes with Roderigo coming in to inform Iago that he plans to go back to Venice, as he sees no point of staying in Cyprus to get beat up and waste his money. Iago convinces him otherwise and Roderigo complies, as always.

Question

How long will Roderigo tolerate Iago’s constant manipulation?

At the very end of this scene, Roderigo comes to tell Iago that he wants to go back home to Venice. He sees no point of staying in Cyprus if all he is going to do is spend his money and get into trouble. Not to mention that Iago has told him that Desdemona has fallen in love with Cassio, so he no chance with her. When Iago hears Roderigo’s intentions, he quickly becomes frustrated, stating how Roderigo should stop being so impatient and just stay in Venice. Roderigo then leaves without a word. It can be interpreted that Roderigo is getting tired of being taken advantage of and will likely cut off all ties with Iago soon.

Visual Component

I chose this picture of “good and evil” in a more natural perspective to reconstitute Shakespeare’s use of motifs of light and dark, as well as the motif of nature. Iago demonstrates both these literary devices throughout the book and especially in this specific theme.

Reflection

This scene exemplifies Iago’s evil plan, specifically in his soliloquy after having convinced Cassio to speak with Desdemona. By urging Cassio to do so, Iago can make Othello believe that Cassio is having an affair with her. This is significantly more believable to Othello now that Cassio has already betrayed him with his drunken behaviour.

Picture Source-http://wantedwallpapers.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/good-and-evil-light-dark-angels-demons-desktop-1024x768-wanted-wallpaper.jpg

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Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 40-284

Summary

The next portion of act two scene three beings with Cassio giving into his temptation, and having more to drink than he can handle. In order for this to happen, Iago successfully attempts to lighten the mood by singing drinking songs and telling tales of his travels. After a while of celebrating, Cassio decides to leave for guard duty. As he leaves, Iago gossips to Montano that Cassio is a regular drunk, who is extremely ill-fitted for his position as lieutenant. While Montano ponders such a thought, Iago urges Roderigo to go after Cassio and tempt him into a fight. Soon enough, cries are heard from outside and Montano and Iago leave to find Cassio attacking Roderigo. Montano tries to break apart the fight and ends up getting stabbed by Cassio, all while Iago orders Roderigo to call forth Othello. Once he arrives, Othello becomes furious and fires Cassio on the spot. He tries to get answers from Montano, but he is too badly wounded to be reliable. The only person Othello can turn to is Iago – who initially acts reluctant to expose Cassio, but does so in order to “help” Othello. Iago ends up admitting to Othello that Cassio was the one who started the drunken brawl. 

Question

How does Iago continue to have such a tight grasp on Roderigo and Cassio if they can both interrupt his dark intentions?

Iago manages to maintain his relationships with Cassio and Roderigo by simply pretending to care about them and be there for them when they need it. Upon hearing Desdemona pledging her love for Othello, Roderigo became heartbroken and resorted to kill himself. However, it was Iago who encouraged Roderigo against this and reminded him of his self-worth. Likewise, in this particular scene after Cassio was fired, Iago offered his condolences and re-assured Cassio of his reputation. Iago is manipulating both Cassio and Roderigo into doing whatever he wants, by acting as their friend during their darkest times.

Visual Component

Although Montano does not die in this scene, the part where he jumped in to break up the fight between Roderigo and Cassio reminded me of the part in Romeo and Juliet in which Mercutio gets stabbed while trying to protect Romeo and kill Tybalt. As seen in the clip from Baz Luhrman’s 1996 adaptation of Romeo and Juliet, Mercutio first taunts Tybalt in an attempt to distract him from Romeo. However, when Mercutio and Tybalt began to battle, Romeo jumps in to break up the fight-much like Montano does. Despite it being Mercutio who ends up getting stabbed and dying in Romeo and Juliet, this scene in Othello emulates this featured one in Romeo and Juliet by having Montano act as the saviour who gets stabbed.

Reflection

This scene is the first in which the readers see Othello in his role as the Moor. It is evident by how disappointed and frustrated he is by Cassio’s behaviour that he keeps his position very close to his heart and will not tolerate anything but the best. Othello may be a kind and gentle husband to Desdemona, but when it comes to his duty of the Moor of Venice, he is unforgiving, focused and resolute in his actions.

Video Source-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiBKaDlXVYc

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Act 2 Scene 2 + Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 1-39

Summary

Scene two is a very short passage in which a herald announces that everyone should come and celebrate the safe arrival of Othello and his crew, as well as the destruction of the Turkish ships. Based on Othello’s orders, the herald encourages people to drink and feast from five o’clock until eleven. Scene three then commences with Othello, Desdemona, Cassio and Iago. Othello asks Cassio to act as a guard for the night and he complies. Othello and Desdemona then quickly leave to consummate their marriage. Iago and Cassio are left to talk about the seemingly happy couple. Iago consistently speaks in an overtly sexual way when referring to Desdemona and while Cassio does agree with Iago’s comments, he does so in a more respectable manner. This section of the scene ends with Iago keeps trying to convince Cassio to have some more wine, to celebrate the victory against the Turks. However, Cassio is reluctant – explaining how he doesn’t hold down his alcohol very well. Cassio’s decision as well as what happens next is yet to come in the second part of this scene.

Question

Does Cassio sense Iago’s bad intentions when he encourages him to drink more than he can handle, or does Cassio simply believe Iago is only trying to get him to celebrate the victory against the Turkish?

At this point in the story, everyone knows Iago to be honest and extremely loyal to Othello. While Cassio may be reluctant to drink, I don’t believe he senses any bad intentions from Iago’s encouragement. After all, it is only natural to want to celebrate such an important victory.

Visual Component

I chose a picture of a maze for today’s visual component because I feel as though that’s what Cassio is envisioning in his mind during this scene. There are so many different pathways he could take, but doesn’t know which one will lead him to the right direction. If he continues to drink, he knows he will not be able to control himself and may do something he may regret, but Iago makes it seem as if everything will be OK and that it’s all in good fun. On the other hand, Othello did command Cassio to be on guard duty, so it is especially important that he is sober. By the end of this section of scene three, Cassio is about to take his first step into the maze that is Iago’s evil plan – he may get out of it easily and without a scratch, or he may get lost and struggle to escape.

Reflection

Iago reminds me of someone who acts kindly towards someone to get what they want, and once they get it, they forget all about the person they befriended. This idea of false friendships goes hand in hand with the theme of deception. Iago doesn’t care who he has to manipulate – just as long as it gets him what it is that he desires.

In-class Activity

Quote 1

“Damned as thou art, thou hast enchanted her! For I'll refer me to all things of sense, If she in chains of magic were not bound, Whether a maid so tender, fair, and happy, So opposite to marriage that she shunned The wealthy curlèd darlings of our nation, Would ever have, to incur a general mock, Run from her guardage to the sooty bosom Of such a thing as thou—to fear, not to delight! Judge me the world, if 'tis not gross in sense That thou hast practiced on her with foul charms, Abused her delicate youth with drugs or minerals That weaken motion” (1.2.82-94)

Speaker – Brabantio is the character who says this quote.

Context – Brabantio says this quote to Othello when he initially discovers that he has taken and married Desdemona. The two are currently in front of the senate in order to solve this conflict.

Meaning – Brabantio doesn’t believe Desdemona would ever marry Othello voluntarily; Brabantio accuses Othello of using charms, magic and even drugs to win over his daughter.

Dramatic purpose – This particular quote highlights the theme of racism and the motif of supernatural powers. Racism is made obvious by Brabantio’s outrage of his daughter marrying a black man. However, Othello is a kind-hearted and noble man, of similar status to Desdemona and her family. The only reason why Brabantio refuses to accept Othello is because of the colour of his skin. Consequently, in order to wrap his head around why Desdemona married Othello, Brabantio convinces himself that Othello must have used magic or charms. Brabantio can only come up with the fact that Othello must have used supernatural powers to woo his daughter, as he couldn’t have done so with his personality or looks.

Quote 2

“She bade me, if I had a friend that loved her,

I should but teach him how to tell my story,

And that would woo her. Upon this hint I spake:

She loved me for the dangers I had passed,

And I loved her, that she did pity them.

This only is the witchcraft I have used “1.3. 163-169)

Speaker – Othello is the one saying this particular quote.

Context – Othello is challenging Brabantio’s accusation of using magic and drugs to win over Desdemona. They are both in front of the senate and Othello is pleading his case to the Duke.

Meaning – Othello is explaining how, if he were to have a friend who loved Desdemona, he would teach him how to tell stories of the adventures had in life in order to woo her. Desdemona finds Othello’s journeys fascinating and a great deal of her love for Othello stemmed from listening to his tales. Othello on the other hand, loves explaining to Desdemona about his life and finds great comfort in her reciprocating emotions.

Dramatic purpose – This is the first time in which the readers hear Othello speaking about Desdemona. This initially established their forbidden relationship as exciting and passionate. Desdemona represents the stability and sympathy that Othello needs in his life, and Othello represents the excitement and adventure Desdemona longed for in hers.

Picture Source - http://www.playbuzz.com/willybobjoe10/the-maze-runner-extreme-trivia

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Act 2 Scene 1 Lines 235-334

Summary

The second part of act II scene I commences with Rodergio and Iago immersed in yet another secret conversation. Now that Iago has witnessed Cassio’s behavior towards Desdemona, he is convinced that she has fallen in love with him, and proceeds to utilize this assumption to feed Roderigo’s gullible mind. At first Roderigo doesn’t believe Iago, but once Iago explains how Desdemona only fell in love with Othello because of his stories, and how she likely got bored with him in bed, Roderigo becomes interested. Desdemona wants someone young and beautiful like her. When Cassio came along, Iago believed that Desdemona immediately fell in love based on the way the two held hands. However, Roderigo continuously denies Desdemona’s potential feelings for Cassio. Iago then scares Roderigo even more by saying that seemingly harmless flirting may lead to a relationship and then sex. If Roderigo wants to be with Desdemona, then he will have to get rid of Cassio. Roderigo reluctantly complies and agrees to engage Cassio into a fight so that he will get fired and be sent back to Venice. The scene ends with Iago’s soliloquy, in which he validates his plan – to get back at Othello using his wife.

Question

Will Cassio stay loyal to Othello despite Iago trying to turn him against Othello?

The readers don’t know too much about Cassio, as things currently stand. It is known that Cassio is flirtatious, has no experience in battle and “he’s rash and very sudden in choler” (2.1.294). Based on this knowledge, I do not think Cassio will stay loyal to Othello. As a former accountant, he doesn’t understand the role of lieutenant and additionally has Desdemona to distract him from his duties in Cyprus.

Visual Component

Young and Beautiful – Lana Del Rey

I've seen the world, done it all Had my cake now Diamonds, brilliant, in Bel-Air now Hot summer nights, mid July When you and I were forever wild The crazy days, city lights The way you'd play with me like a child

Will you still love me When I'm no longer young and beautiful? Will you still love me When I've got nothing but my aching soul? I know you will, I know you will I know that you will Will you still love me when I'm no longer beautiful?

I've seen the world, lit it up As my stage now Challenging angels in a new age now Hot summer days, rock n roll The way you play for me at your show And all the ways, I got to know Your pretty face and electric soul

Chorus

Dear lord, when I get to heaven Please let me bring my man When he comes tell me that you'll let him Father tell me if you can All that grace, all that body All that face, makes me wanna party He's my sun, he makes me shine like diamonds

Chorus

I chose Lana Del Rey’s song Young and Beautiful from the movie The Great Gatsby because I feel it represents Othello and Desdemona’s relationship very well – not so much in Desdemona’s perspective, but rather, in Othello’s. Othello is significantly older than Desdemona and has even been called ugly by Iago. Although he doesn’t say it, Othello must wonder if Desdemona will still love him as he continues to grow older and seemingly more undesirable to a young woman. He feels the need to convince himself that Desdemona will love him regardless, just like Lana does in the song when she repeats ,” I know you will, I know you will, I know that you will”.

Reflection

Shakespeare provides the readers with a lot of inferences that could be made about Iago in this particular scene. Although Iago constantly rambles on about his hatred for Othello, it doesn’t seem to me that its rooted in the superficial reasons Iago initially listed off (Othello supposedly sleeping with Emilia and promoting Cassio to lieutenant rather than himself). Instead, I believe there is more of an underlying reason for Iago’s deep hatred of Othello. Part of this rage emerges from his obvious jealously of Othello, as he is a powerful man and a good husband – something Iago could never be. This leads Iago into his insecurity. The only way Iago can feel better about himself is by breaking Othello’s image down.

In-class Activity

Video Source - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Te11UaHOHMQ

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Act 2 Scene 1 Lines 1-233

Summary

Act two commences with a huge storm rolling in from the sea. The high winds and rough waves have caused the Turkish ships to become destroyed and their men with them. Montano, the general in charge of Cyprus receives this news from his attendants. However, he cannot celebrate just yet, as Othello and Iago’s respective ships have not yet arrived to shore. There is much deliberation as to whether they are still alive or not. Cassio soon arrives to inform Montano that he and Othello were separated during the intense storm, and he doesn’t know if Othello is alive or not. Montano then asks him if Othello is married or not, and Cassio confirms, but then begins speaking very fondly of Desdemona. Once Iago, his wife Emilia and Desdemona safely arrive to shore, Cassio kisses Emilia and excuses himself to Iago. However, this causes Iago to begin speaking very disrespectfully towards women, saying they are only good for sex. After seeing her obvious anger towards Iago, Cassio takes Desdemona by the hand to wait for Othello. When he arrives, Othello and Desdemona happily embrace and soon leave to get settled in. The scene concludes with Iago beginning to explain to Roderigo that Desdemona is clearly in love with Cassio.

Questions

How does the way Desdemona act towards Iago foreshadow how she may act later on in the play?

In act I, Desdemona is perceived to be quite soft-spoken and innocent in the way she acts. However, when Iago begins to criticize and speak lowly of women, Desdemona gets increasingly more frustrating, talking back to and challenging Iago’s points of view. To quote Macbeth, I believe Desdemona will likely “look like th' innocent flower, But be the serpent under ’t” (1.5.56). Her ability to so suddenly change her character suggests that there is more to Desdemona than meets the eye.

Visual Component

I believe Desdemona to be a two-faced character, not unlike Iago. Although she may look beautiful and harmless, she can be just as vicious and dangerous.

Reflection

My question (as seen above) leads into my reflection for this section of act I scene two. Based on her harmless appearance but strong will and seemingly argumentative nature, Desdemona reminds me a lot of Lady Macbeth, from Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Like Lady Macbeth, Desdemona is ambitious and clever, yet still affectionate and faithful (so far). Desdemona is a strong female character like Lady Macbeth. She won’t allow Iago to speak badly of women and stands up for Emilia when Iago’s misogyny ensues.

In-class Assignment

The Role of the Storm

Act II begins very differently from how act I began. Where act I began with Iago and Roderigo casually having a conversation, act II begins with a large booming storm and the suspense of the squally seas! The storm initiates the rising action of the play. Now that the readers have met all of the main characters and have an idea of Iago’s evil plan, the adventure can now begin!

Picture Sources - https://www.pinterest.com/pin/451767406343602977/https://www.google.ca/search?q=misogyny+quotes&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=708&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&pjf=1&ved=0ahUKEwimqpfUg_DQAhUX5mMKHQS-CicQ_AUIBigB&dpr=0.9#hl=en&tbm=isch&q=storm+ship&imgrc=07Q_sN64No4FMM%3A

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Act 1 Scene 3 Lines 342-447

Summary

The second part of scene three revolves around Roderigo’s grief and Iago’s solution to such a problem. Roderigo explains to Iago just how heartbroken he is over the fact that Desdemona pledged her love and obedience for Othello, rather than for himself. Roderigo believes his chance to be with Desdemona has perished and feels the urge to kill himself in order to relieve the pain he is currently feeling. Iago quickly jumps in to console his lustful friend - not so much to help him in his time of need, but rather because Iago sees a way it could benefit himself, now that they have a common enemy – Othello. Iago advises Roderigo to sell all of his land and assets in order to have money readily available. He then assures Roderigo that however quickly Desdemona fell in love with Othello; she can just as quickly fall out of love with him. Based on this, Iago leads Roderigo to believe that Desdemona will likely grow bored and unsatisfied with Othello, and when she does, Roderigo can quickly jump in to seduce Desdemona and win her heart. The scene ends with Iago’s villainous monologue in which he reflects on how easy it is to manipulate people into doing what you want.

Question

Will Roderigo continue to stay loyal and devoted to Iago?

Judging on how surely and quickly Roderigo takes Iago’s advice, I believe this will probably continue throughout the entire play. Roderigo isn’t the wisest or most intelligent character in the play, and will likely continue to support Iago in his plans, as Iago acts as a sort of mentor for Roderigo. The only reason why Roderigo may leave Iago would be because of his love, Desdemona’s influence.

Visual Component

I chose to write the visual component around Iago’s quote, “I have’t. It is engendered. Hell and night must bring this monstrous birth to the world’s height” (1.3.446-447). Iago calls upon the power of hell and night to help him in his wrong doings. Only by summoning darkness on his side can Iago find the strength to go through with his evil plans.

Reflection

In this particular scene, it is evident how Shakespeare chooses to light up the motif of deception by using nature imagery. In an effort to trick Roderigo into doing what he wants, Iago encourages him by explaining, “Our bodies are our gardens, to which our wills are gardeners” (1.3.363). By motivating and advising Roderigo to look after himself, Iago is enforcing himself as someone in important in Roderigo’s life – someone who cares about and looks after him. This is also quite the use of dramatic ironic; as Iago is telling Roderigo how important it is for one to be in control of their own life, but later follows by telling Roderigo exactly what to do.

In-class Activity

Here is a chart explaining some key quotes in this scene, and how they relate to a number of themes.

Picture Sources - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=urImsKh4wNU, http://giphy.com/search/campfire-gif

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Act 1 Scene 3 Lines 1-342

Summary

The action unfolds with the duke and his senators discussing the power of the Turkish army’s and their plans to invade Rhodes, not Cyprus. The Duke is convinced that this is not the case, and the Turks are instead trying to deter the Venetian Army away from Cyprus. As the men discuss the matter, Othello, Iago and Cassio enter to further discuss tactics for approaching Cyprus, while Brabantio and Roderigo follow to inform the Duke about their own problems. After Brabantio complains about Othello kidnapping his young, innocent daughter, Othello explains how the two love each other and chose to get married. To validate his story, Othello asks for Desdemona to be brought before the senate to plead for their case. In the meantime, Othello tells the men how stories of his life’s adventures had made Desdemona at first intrigued by him, then over time, how they made her fall in love with him. Once she arrives, she gives all her obedience to Othello. As a result, her father disowns her. The scene concludes with the plan that Desdemona will accompany Othello on his voyage to Cyprus, whereas Iago and his wife will be the ones looking after her.

Questions

1. Will Iago use Desdemona as leverage to get revenge on Othello?

After this scene it is quite evident that Othello loves Desdemona very much. Iago sees this and may wish to use it to his advantage. Now that he and his wife are in charge of tending to Desdemona while Othello is busy with work in Cyprus, it is quite likely that Iago can and will harm Desdemona to get back at Othello for appointing Cassio as Lieutenant instead of himself.

Visual Component

Miss Missing You – Fall Out Boy

Don’t panic No, not yet I know I’m the one you want to forget Cue all the love to leave my heart It’s time for me to fall apart

Now you’re gone But I’ll be okay Your hot whisky eyes Have fanned the flames Maybe I’ll burn a little brighter tonight Let the fire breathe me back to life

Baby, you were my picket fence I miss missing you now and then Chlorine kissed summer skin I miss missing you now and then Sometimes before it gets better The darkness gets bigger The person that you’d take a bullet for is behind the trigger Oh, we’re fading fast I miss missing you now and then

Making eyes at this husk around my heart I see through you when we’re sitting in the dark So give me your filth Make it rough Let me, let me trash your love

I will sing to you every day If it will take away the pain Oh and I’ve heard you got it, got it so bad 'Cause I am the best you’ll never have

Chorus

Now and then Now and then Now and then

Baby, you were my picket fence I miss missing you now and then

I chose Fall Out Boy’s Miss Missing You because I really feel as though it exemplifies Othello and Desdemona’s relationship. At first everything is seemingly perfect as shown by the lyric “Baby you were my picket fence” but it soon comes crashing down as backstabbing and betrayal come into play, as seen by the lyric, “Sometimes before it gets better, the darkness gets bigger, the person that you’d take a bullet for is behind the trigger”. Like Othello and Desdemona’s relationship, they are happily married and will venture out to Cyprus together. However, her father warns, “She has deceived her father and may thee” (1.3.334). I predict that this honeymoon phase of their relationship will not last very well, and Desdemona will end up leaving Othello.

Reflection

The readers finally get to meet Desdemona in this scene! Based on how she “fell in love” with Othello by eavesdropping on his stories, I’m not convince that she loves him for who he is, as much as she loves him for what he has done and the illusion of adventure in his life. I infer that as a young woman in the seventeenth century, Desdemona has not been exposed to all the excitement she initially hears about in Othello’s tales. She is fascinated with his culture and accomplishments but she is young and it is hard to tell if she bid her obedience to Othello because of the affection she feels for him, or the potential promise of adventure he presented her with. It may be too early to tell now. No matter, we still have a lot to learn about Desdemona as the play continues.

In Class Activity

Symbols of eyes, seeing, vision :

“’Tis a pagent to keep us in false gaze” (1.3.24)

“Being not deficient, blind or lame of sense” (1.3.76)

“To fall in love with what she feared to look on!” (1.3.116)

“And often did beguile her of her tears” (1.3.180)

“Nor would I there reside to put my father in impatient thoughts by being in his eye” (1.3.276)

“I saw Othello’s visage in his mind” (1.3.287)

“My speculative and officed (instruments)” (1.3.305)

“Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see. She has deceived her father, and may thee”

Shakespeare interestingly chose to illustrate the negative side of love using the symbolism of eyes. In doing so, he allows the readers to realize that what people feel can often eclipse what they see (or choose to see) - especially when in love. Although both Othello and Desdemona are seemingly happy with their marriage as it stands now, what they see may not be clear, after all “love is blind”. Shakespeare uses eyes to downplay the light tone of love and instead, to ease in the grim reality of the play - the tragedy of Othello. As Othello and Desdemona fall out of love, they will begin to see more clearly. They will begin to see things like how they really are.

Video Source - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVOBh7ItPFI

Picture Source - http://quotesgram.com/window-to-the-soul-quotes/

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Act 1 Scene 2

Summary

Scene two begins in the dark streets outside a Venetian pub with Iago telling Othello about how disrespectfully Rodrigo spoke of him. Iago acts as if he is disgusted by Rodrigo’s behavior when addressing Othello and vows that he would have slain him if not for his conscience. However, Othello dismisses the negativity, stating that he knows he is worth marrying Desdemona, as he too comes from a wealthy royal family. Cassio, Othello’s lieutenant soon comes into the scene to inform the Moor that he is expected to make an immediate appearance in front of the Senate, for there is trouble in Cyrpus. The matter is so urgent that the Senate had sent three search teams to look for Othello when they saw he was not at home. Brabantio and his men soon arrive, wanting to interrogate and punish Othello for taking Desdemona away from her father. Brabantio accuses Othello of drugging and cursing his daughter and draws his sword. Othello is unfazed and instead convinces Brabantio that at his age, he should use his words instead of his weapons, to which Brabantio complies. However he angrily demands that the two must take the matter to court and Othello agrees.

Question

1. How will Othello leaving for Cyprus affect his relationship with Desdemona?

There is no doubt in my mind that Othello’s military duty in Cyprus will put a strain on his and Desdemona’s relationship - especially considering that her father so vocally disproves their marriage. Given her young age, inexperience, beauty and status, Desdemona is deemed desirable by many. As a result, it can be inferred that she may fall into tempting traps while Othello is away at war. Additionally if Desdemona does stay loyal to Othello, her father warns, “whether a maid so tender, fair, and happy… Would ever have, t’ incur a general mock, run from her guardage to the sooty bosom of such a thing as thou” (1.2.85, 88-90) He is shocked how his daughter could run away with such a man and will likely force her to cut off all ties with him.

Visual Component

I chose a picture that expresses how most people go about solving problems – by thinking and by doing. In scene two, the readers are faced with both solutions to the same problem, in this case, being Brabantio’s disapproval of Desdemona and Othello’s marriage. Othello chooses to stay calm and come up with a solution, while Brabantio impulsively draws his sword to kill Othello. These two conflicting personalities will likely build tension throughout the play.

Reflection

I was initially a bit confused about the politics of Othello during the part of this scene in which Cassio informed the Moor that he needed to quickly make an appearance in front of the Senate to discuss the issues in Cyprus. If Brabantio is the Senator, then does that mean that Othello must make his appearance in front of Brabantio? If so, I find it strange that Brabantio doesn’t say anything about the matter, and instead focuses solely on finding a way to punish Othello. However, although Brabantio is the senator, he is likely not involved in the military mission in Cyprus, or else he would have been focussed on it. Politics back in Othello’s time seems to be quite different than they are now, it just takes a little getting used to in order to understand how it works.

Picture Source - http://foresightcfo.com/thinking-vs-owners-dilemma/

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Act I Scene I

Summary

The play begins with Iago, one of Othello’s officers and Roderigo, a nobleman. Iago is expressing how furious he is because after having not been promoted to Lieutenant, despite three noblemen having recommended him to the Moor, Othello. Instead of appointing Iago, Othello has chosen Michael Cassio - an arithmetician from Florence. Although Iago is upset, he chooses to continue serving Othello, stating that, “In following him, I follow but myself” (1.1.65), meaning that Iago will continue doing what he wants, rather than what the Moor wants. To distract themselves from the issue, Iago and Roderigo wake up Senator Brabantio by shouting outside his window. They inform him that a black man has kidnapped his daughter Desdemona and the two are probably having sex. Brabantio is disgusted by the rudeness shown by Iago and Rodrigo. Brabantio also warns Rodrigo to stay away from his family, as he is known for lurking around the house to stalk Desdemona, after a failed marriage proposal. After the men convince the senator that his daughter is in danger, Brabantio orders a search party to look for her. The scene ends with the senator thanking Iago and Rodrigo as they leave to look for Desdemona.

Question

1. Will Brabantio allow Rodrigo to marry Desdemona in order to protect her from Othello?

Brabantio will likely force Desdemona to marry Rodrigo not so much to protect her, but rather, to protect himself from a negative image. I predict that the only reason Brabantio doesn’t allow Othello to marry Desdemona is because he perceives Othello to be different from the rest of them in a negative way.

Visual Component

I chose this particular picture in regards to Iago because it shows people can have two-sides. Iago himself states, “Though I do hate him as I do hell pains, yet for necessity of present life I must show out a flag and sign of love” (1.1.171-173), which proves that even though Iago is pretending to be a loyal and devoted troop to Othello, he actually despises him.

Reflection

Although completely different circumstances, the setting in which Iago and Rodrigo speak to Brabantio outside his window reminds me of the balcony scene in Romeo and Juliet.

Picture Source  http://painepublishing.com/measurementadvisor/measurement-menaces-of-2014-vendors-and-agencies-who-sponsor-standards-with-one-hand-while-selling-sub-standard-measurement-with-the-other-we-name-names/

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Just a Picture Source Before We Begin

Header - https://www.aliexpress.com/cheap/cheap-fabric-bookshelf.html