#Files from NASA with known IDs

[kommabortsig]

ISS042-E-286288_-_View_of_Earth.jpg

[inspofromancientworld]

The Science of Discovering the Past: Aerial Archaeology

Source: https://archaeologymag.com/encyclopedia/aerial-archaeology/

Studying archaeological sites from the air is a relatively new method of studying the past, coming from the development of aerial photography in the mid-19th century by the French photographer Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon) after he took the first photograph from a balloon in 1858 and has moved into satellite, multispectral and hyperspectral studies.

By Nadar / Adam Cuerden - This file comes from Gallica Digital Library and is available under the digital ID btv1b532323066, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=143845842

When Nadar took his first photographs of Paris from the sky, he used a wet-plate collodion process where the collodion, a 'syrupy solution of nitrocellulose in ether and alcohol', was coated onto glass plates and had to be exposed while the plate was still wet, within 15 minutes of preparing the plate, requiring a 'portable darkroom' to make sure the plates only absorbed the light from the desired target to create a clear image. Because of this, Nadar had to prepare and develop his plates while in the balloon basket. During this first outing, the balloon he was using developed a leak and the escaping gas caused problems processing the images. He then developed a gas-proof cotton cover to cover the balloon basket to allow him to capture stable images.

By uploaded by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg). Image location:This file comes from the Wellcome Collection, a website operated by Wellcome Trust, a global charitable foundation based in the United Kingdom. Refer to Wellcome blog post (archive).This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing. - Own work after File:'Photographic automatic kite' Wellcome M0008638.jpg, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=56677958

Other early attempts at photography took place in the years leading up to WWI, though there were many technical and practical challenges. Sir Henry Wellcome, a British-American pharmaceutical entrepreneur and philanthropist financed expeditions to Sudan that used a box camera attached to a kite trolley to take aerial photographs of Jebel Moya from 1912-1913.

By cliché J. Dassié - http://archaero.com/Arch%E9ologie-a%E9rienne.htm, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1574349

World War I led to many developments and improvements in aerial photography, used at the time for reconnaissance as early as 1914. This led to a systemic approach to how sites were photographed from the air. Developments became much more rapid due to the pressures of the war on both sides of the war. Film quality improved and cameras became able to take clear pictures from farther away, and thus higher, from their targets. Images taken for mapping the positions of armies were also studied for archaeological features in Europe, highlighting the potential of aerial photography for archaeological studies.

By Ruparch - Taking a picturePreviously published: Arcà A., Hinrichsen S. 2012, The strange case of snow-circles and cup-and-rings, TRACCE Online Rock Art Bulletin 26, 2012, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=36985986

After the war, in the 1920s, Osbert Guy Stanhope Crawford, more widely known as O.G.S. Crawford, became a leading figure in the development of aerial archaeology as a field. His work focused on Britain and the Middle East, showing that 'aerial surveys could reveal features such as crop marks and soil disturbances that were undetectable from ground level'.

By James Stuby based on NASA images - Source images from Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=122648125

After World War II, many more advancements were developed, including infrared and multispectral photography, allowing researchers to study variations in vegetation and soil that weren't visible in merely visible light photography. This also allowed for detailed and accurate surveys. During this time, aerial archaeology also expanded from Europe and the Middle East into the whole world, especially into regions that were difficult to reach in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

By Carlos R. Chiriboga/PAET - Personal archive, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=95008963

More recently, drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UVAs) have led to many changes in aerial archaeology. Drones have lower operating costs and are more flexible than traditional aircraft, leading to them being used to allow a broader range of researchers to use aerial archaeology as part of their studies. Further advances, which are often used via drones, include LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), which is able to penetrate vegetation to the ground below, showing features obscured by forests, and photogrammetry, which allows for the creation of 3D models of archaeological sites and further expanding the possibilities of aerial archaeology.

[laxmankodadala]

The Most Secure Encrypted Chat App

It may have been simpler to communicate with people around the world with the advent of instant messaging apps, but bad actors have found simple ways to access our data, company information, and other private information. Surprisingly, some well-known chat apps do not offer encrypted chats; nonetheless, a small number of chat apps still offer end-to-end encrypted communication.

Troop Messenger

Troop Messenger is a highly secure and best-encrypted chat app that can also be used by the military and NASA.

Troop Messenger is a multipurpose platform that may be used for work chat, business chat, instant messaging, and more.

It was developed to protect information that is shared on a daily basis, independent of the demographic or domain. It uses Server-Side Encryption (SSE) to safeguard and protect your data. SSE offers the benefit of decreasing environmental complexity in addition to guaranteeing data separation. Its features are quite proactive, nevertheless, and it's admirable that such a secure chat software has been developed recently.

Key Features

As stated, it uses Server-Side Encryption to secure and protect your data (SSE).

The user can check the details of all currently logged-in devices by selecting Activity from the profile settings menu. And it empowers the users to log out from the suspicious logged-in device.

The activity monitor also displays information about your usage, like the number of messages, photographs, videos, files, and storage space used.

By default, the one-on-one or group video and audio calls are end-to-end encrypted.

It has the option of a four-digit PIN which can be used instead of your user ID and password to sign in on your mobile device.

[jc-lambert]

Suggested Purchase

Good times...

Portland Oregon no longer has record of my being there.

Everywhere I have written no longer has my ID on file. Which means, I should probably sit down in Emporia.

I wonder if Tri-Met still has my "Honored Citizen" card on record. It very well might.

Kate: are you still in Washington State?

If so, what are you doing there? Want a visit from a distant cousin?

As in... we both is white and are using the same surname?

Do you want to make some quick money? Everyone from Emporia located in Washington or Portland will most likely be on the street drug known as crystal methamphetamine and/or want some. It's a felony in the USA and the Peace/Freedom party does not cover or protect meth addicts. So: as republican meth heads in a PF state, they can be killed at command of crown and country. While theyre all dying, you might as well make money. Sort of like how Argentina and Uraguay are being stripmined to make Uranium Glass and Lithium Ion Batteries. Both countries will be a nuclear wasteland soon, and all citizens refugees in Brazil. The women of my family as well as the people of Emporia Kansas pointed the gunpowder industry at the rainforrest and demanded green glass and batteries.

While that is going on: I decided to find a garnet (which comes out of lithium beds) and have IBM make something worth keeping arround the house. Preferably a retrofitted wooden home computer. The planet will be perfectly unlivable by the year 2200. This is why Martian Projects are so important at NASA. Theyre designed to save humanity while the planet tilts further off axis, rolls into the sun, and while all the whales are dead to make better plastics for the bottles the ladies need to scrub their filthy twats.

So: we have lost of about 300,000,000 species of insects, plants and animals (which are now extinct) in the Amazon forrest and left a bunch of brown people with bleeding buttholes crying and screaming that they are at a loss of all human rights: even water.

By all rights: my mother and sister *should* be dead, shot in the head by some government agency or entity somewhere: but yet have not been. 

Hoy Marilyn...

you my aunt from Lyon County?

If so: could you do me a small favor?

Glide over there with your broom and go slap my mother and sisters. Miss Courtney too.

Please?   Also: do you have any work? I could use a ride, a good scrub and a copy of ID before I take myself back to Bert Nash and give my next psychologist a serious scream. I would not suggest you pick me up. Wichita has gone tribal again and this time both Maori and Kiowa are discussing a breeding schedule knowing it would come at the cost of everyone's lives in england, while also maintaining their equal oppertunity to breed sheer voodoo and terror. So, you might be too white for downtown.

Trimet: I have been kidnapped and held hostage throughout the riots and looting and the slutwalks and this and that. I am currently in Wichita. Do you have a copy of my ID still on file?

I also want you to meet Kate Lambert.

She's a refugee from Europe. She's of the population that Andrea & Zach Smith's family orphaned in Northern Europe and Scandanavia. So: we might have to kill everyone named "Smith" located in the area of Lyon County and give her their homes as well as resource to rebuild the Crown of Belgium. My wife has landed in prison for double homocide: Amber Nichole (Terp-Roth-Lambert, etc etc) The woman is worse than Paula.

So: I have decided to sit here with Kate, and put Amber on her own little fugee-la and send her whole family crying from the county. Too, their political support. 

While you are online...

I want you to download a cute Welshie little show in English.

It's called "The Vicar of Dibley". I am sure you would enjoy it.

Kate...

While you are in Washington State...

Wouldst thou procure a pistol and silencer for me?

Let's get a clubman or a countryman at the cost of Carl Terp's house, car, kneecaps, and butthole.

Lets also maybe get married *there. You now have fiance status*

Oh and where is Gwen Rees???

We need a copy of every tried and true family recipe and we need them in any format to be given to Kate.

Sort of as a "welcome to the United States"

[itonje]

[ID: a screenshot of a twitter post by @ChelDiokno reading ‘What do if your community pantry is visited by the police [THREAD]

Kung bisitahin ng pulis o ibang law enforcement agents ang community pantry ninyo, here are some tips:/END ID]

this thread is from twitter but i thought it would be pertinent to post here for anyone involved with community pantries in the PH:

If they are in uniform, take note of their names. Kung civilian attire, magalang na hingin ang gov't ID at isulat ang pangalan at affiliation (PNP, NBI, etc.). Kung hindi pumayag, politely say that you can’t accommodate them, dahil di mo alam kung law enforcers ba talaga sila.

You might be asked to fill up a form like this. Tandaan, wala kang kahit anong obligasyon na mag-fill up ng form o magbigay ng personal information sa law enforcers. Tandaan din itong paalala ni Data Privacy Commissioner Raymund E. Liboro

If the community pantry is in private property, di pwede pumasok ang law enforcers kung walang search warrant, unless pumayag ang may-ari. Ask for a warrant signed by a judge; kung wala, sabihin: “Pasensya na po, pero di kayo pwedeng pumasok kung wala kayong search warrant." If the police insist, or imply that you are hiding something (“Kung wala naman kayong tinatago ba’t ayaw nyo kaming papasukin?”), assert your right. Tell them: “Karapatan ko po yan, at yan po ang advice sa akin ng abogado.”

Kung nasa public land ang community pantry, hindi kailangan ng pulis ng search warrant para pumasok—but they still need a search warrant to search the community pantry or any other private property that is on the public land. If the community pantry is on public land, make sure you are not obstructing traffic, littering, or otherwise violating any similar local regulations.

Kung hingan kayo ng business permit (also known as a “Mayor’s Permit”): sabihin na based on your understanding, hindi kailangan ng permit dahil hindi naman kayo nagnenegosyo; your only purpose is to help the needy and marginalized.

Kung hingan kayo ng barangay permit: sabihin na the DILG and Anti-Red Tape Authority have publicly stated in separate announcements na hindi kailangan ng barangay permit.

Kung hingan kayo ng authority to solicit from DSWD: sabihin na based on your understanding, required lang ang authority to solicit sa regional and national fund campaigns, at hindi ito naga-apply sa community pantry.

8. Kung sabihan kayo na you cannot continue operating because it violates IATF guidelines or regulations, ito ang sabihin ninyo: a. IATF guidelines/regulations are only recommendatory and do not have the force of law unless they are adopted by the LGU as a local ordinance. b. Even under IATF guidelines, mass gatherings for authorized humanitarian activities are allowed sa ECQ at MECQ. Since a permit is not required to operate a community pantry, and the poor are urgently in need of food, a community pantry is an authorized humanitarian activity. c. Community pantries do not violate the IATF guidelines on humanitarian activities since no permit or license is required for them to operate.

Kung subukan nilang i-demolish o dismantle ang community pantry, politely and firmly object, but do not physically resist. Kumuha ng pictures o video recording to document what they are doing. Tandaang hindi mo kailangan ng consent nila para mag-record. The Anti-Wiretapping Act only requires the consent of the parties kung private conversation or communication ito.

If law enforcers arrest you, or try to search you, others, or the community pantry, tandaan ang mga karapatan ninyo. You can refer to the primer made by FLAG, PCIJ, and the Foundation for Media Alternatives, which you can access through this linktree:

Kung papirmahin kayo ng kahit anong dokumento (like an acknowledgment na binisita kayo), basahing maiigi at sabihing kailangan nyo muna kumonsulta ng abogado bago pumirma. Posibleng may waiver of rights ito, and this can prejudice your right to file a case kung kailangan. Kunan ng picture ang dokumento at iforward sa abogado. Kung mapilit ang pulis, pwedeng gamitin ang non-dominant hand (halimbawa kung kaliwete, gamitin ang kanang kamay), o gumamit ng pirma other than your regular signature, so you can later explain that you were forced to sign.

Kung maaari, mag-set up na din ng CCTV cameras sa lugar ng community pantry, at siguraduhing nagre-record ang mga ito 24/7. Sa lahat ng patuloy na tumutulong at nag-aambag sa mga community pantry, maraming salamat sa inyo. Sana makatulong ito sa inyo. You can also reach out to our FREE LEGAL HELPDESK anytime, i-message nyo lang kami sa http://m.me/cheldiokno. Mag-iingat kayong lahat, mga kakampi.

[apod]

2020 February 25

Jupiter's Magnetic Field from Juno Video Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech, Harvard U., K. Moore et al.

Explanation: How similar is Jupiter's magnetic field to Earth's? NASA's robotic Juno spacecraft has found that Jupiter's magnetic field is surprisingly complex, so that the Jovian world does not have single magnetic poles like our Earth. A snapshot of Jupiter's magnetic field at one moment in time, as animated from Juno data, appears in the featured video. Red and blue colors depict cloud-top regions of strong positive (south) and negative (north) magnetic fields, respectively. Surrounding the planet are imagined lines of constant magnetic field strength. The first sequence of the animated video starts off by showing what appears to be a relatively normal dipole field, but soon a magnetic region now known as the Great Blue Spot rotates into view, which is not directly aligned with Jupiter's rotation poles. Further, in the second sequence, the illustrative animation takes us over one of Jupiter's spin poles where red magnetic hotspots are revealed to be extended and sometimes even annular. A better understanding of Jupiter's magnetic field may give clues toward a better understanding of Earth's enigmatic planetary magnetism.

∞ Source: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap200225.html

[megagametophyte]

       What comes to mind when you’re driving past a farm and you get a whiff of something unpleasant, to say the least? You’re probably not thinking about the impact of cow farts on climate change, but instead, how much it reeks. Cow farts and burps contain a harmful gas known as methane that is a profound contributor to the progression of global warming as we know it. Who knew cow farts could have such an impact? This gas is one of the “greenhouse gases” and is responsible for a process known as the greenhouse effect. Typically, the greenhouse gas we all think about is carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is produced from fossil fuels and other similar industrial processes such as cement production. Of the greenhouse gases that have the strongest effect on our planet, however, methane gas is one of the more controversial. Some support the belief that methane production is largely a natural process. After all, we can’t control cow farts and burps! Are the emissions of these harmful gases mostly caused by human activity?  Perhaps the environmental fallout is the result of natural processes (such as cow farts), and humans account for only a small minority of the aftermath. Unfortunately, the science does not come to this conclusion. According to NASA, before the industrial revolution, many of the effects of global warming could be attributed to radiation from the Sun and the release of volcanic gases. In the present day, we are now seeing trends in warming that simply do not coincide with the natural activity of the planet. Historical climate data has been studied (various fossil records), and the science disagrees with the conclusion that nature is the main cause of global warming.

       What is the greenhouse effect and what are the long-term consequences of having these gases in our atmosphere? The Sun’s rays penetrate through our ozone layer and heat the Earth. Some heat is reflected into space (off the water and white snow/ice), while some is absorbed into the Earth. This process is very similar to the way a greenhouse stays warm. Sun shines into the greenhouse throughout the daytime, and the glass prevents the rays from escaping which keeps the temperature consistent throughout the year. The same way it keeps plants warm, the greenhouse effect keeps organisms on Earth warm. The absorption of the Sun’s heat is essential for life; keeping it temperate for organisms to evolve. The problem arises when greenhouse gases fill the air and prevent an excess amount of rays from reflecting into space, resulting in the overall temperature of the globe to increase. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases (manmade gases containing fluorine) have the most profound effect on the environment. These gases accumulate when they are released into the atmosphere, perhaps from a cow fart, and cannot discharge into space due to Earth’s gravitational pull. Just like the glass of a greenhouse, the thicker it is (the more concentrated the gases are in the air) the more heat will be trapped. According to the Government of Canada’s 2017 national report, carbon dioxide accounts for 80% of the global greenhouse gas emissions, methane accounts for 13%, nitrous oxide accounts for 5%, and fluorinated gases account for 2%. While carbon dioxide is by far the biggest source of greenhouse gas emissions, the effect of methane should not be overlooked. Methane traps more heat than carbon dioxide; in fact, 25 times more heat! Let us investigate the ways in which methane is produced and what percentage of that is caused by humans.

Figure 1: Mechanism by which methane increases absorption of heat energy from the Sun.

       The largest natural source of methane comes from wetlands. In this environment, microorganisms known as methanogens thrive. In wetlands, oxygen is scarce, so methanogens have adapted in such a way that they produce methane as a metabolic by-product when breaking down organic material. Another common habitat for these microorganisms is in the stomachs of a class of organisms known as ruminants which includes animals such as cows, sheep, goats, deer, etc. Methanogens even live inside human digestive tracts! These microorganisms help break down difficult-to-digest plant matter, and in doing so, a chemical reaction takes place known as fermentation. This process ultimately results in the production of methane gas which is then released from our bodies by farting and burping. Methanogens in cattle digestive tracts behave in the same way. Many consider this to be a natural cause of methane production, and it is easy to see why it might be considered as such. Cows inhabit the Earth just as any other animal, but their domestication for agriculture is where the real problem arises. The diary and beef industry are a huge source of methane pollution, outputting approximately 188 million tons of methane globally each year. According to the Global Carbon Project (an organization whose aim is to evaluate the amount of greenhouse gases being emitted and from where), agriculture and waste management is the single highest producer of methane, even in comparison to natural production. Farming produces 5% more methane than the highest natural cause of methane production.

       Another source of methane production is the burning of vegetation. “Biomass burning” releases smoke contains methane that diffuses into our atmosphere because of the chemical compound’s volatile nature. Of course, humans can be attributed to a portion of this, but what about wildfires that occur naturally? While there are wildfires that occur naturally from lightning, the frequency and duration of these events have increased over time as a result of global warming.

       On top of these examples of seemingly natural origins of methane emissions, there are even more human-caused sources. Rice paddies, for example, are semi-aquatic crops that produce up to 100 million tonnes of gas annually. Coal mining, landfill gases, and fossil fuel production are additional ways humans contribute to methane production. Approximately 60% of the methane we see in our atmosphere is due to human activity, leaving the remaining 40% originating from nature.

       Another popular opinion among climate change skeptics is that nature can mitigate the methane being produced. To an extent, that is true. Chemical reactions occurring in the atmosphere and in the soil can process most of the methane and convert it to water and carbon dioxide. Unfortunately, more methane is being produced than can be consumed, and the by-product of the conversion reaction is also a greenhouse gas (CO2). Currently, there is research being done to mitigate these emissions more than just relying on natural “sinks”. Several different approaches to lessen the emissions in cattle agriculture include breeding and genomics, feeding strategies, and infrastructure management. Selective breeding for cows that produce more milk and less methane is an example of a genetic approach. Giving cows antibiotics, vaccines, and nitrates is said to reduce methane by 5-20%. Supplementing their diets with oils and fats reduces methane by 15-20%. Finally, adding other natural supplements to their feed such as an experimental red algae supplement called “Future Feed” claims to reduce methane by an astounding 80%.

       So, while it is true that there are sources of natural methane production and natural methane “sinks”, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released an estimate of global methane emissions based on several studies in 2001. The researched focused on both natural and manmade causes for methane emissions. The results of these studies showed undeniable agreement that most of the methane has been created by humans, and nature cannot manage it all. It is so important to consider all the potential sources of greenhouse gas emissions. As inhabitants of this beautiful planet, it is in our best interest to explore ways in which we can reduce our negative impact on the climate and bring awareness to these pressing issues. Maybe next time you’re driving past that farm, you’ll consider not only the stench from cow farts, but also their unanticipated impact on climate change.

Further Reading:

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming/page4.php

https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data

https://www.nrdc.org/stories/global-climate-change-what-you-need-know

https://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/research/energy/downloads/methaneuk/chapter02.pdf

https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0145/8808/4272/files/A4131-01.pdf

https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/methanebudget/index.htm

https://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/

https://www.csiro.au/en/Research/AF/Areas/Food-security/FutureFeed

https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/climate-change/carbon-farming-reducing-methane-emissions-cattle-using-feed-additives

http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/news-from-agriculture-and-agri-food-canada/scientific-achievements-in-agriculture/reducing-methane-emissions-from-livestock/?id=1548267761377

https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/My-plan-for-fighting-climate-change

https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html

https://www.sightline.org/2019/02/12/calling-natural-gas-a-bridge-fuel-is-alarmingly-deceptive/

https://www.sightline.org/2019/02/12/methane-climate-change-co2-on-steroids/

https://www.sightline.org/2019/02/12/study-methane-life-cycle-critical-pacific-northwest/

http://www.zeroco2.no/capture/sources-of-co2/stationary-point-sources-of-co2#industrial-sources

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-emissions/sources-sinks-executive-summary-2019.html

[spaceexp]

Space Station Highlights: Week of January 21, 2019

ISS - Expedition 58 Mission patch. Jan. 28, 2019 Last week, Expedition 58 crew members continued conducting science aboard the International Space Station along with packing the NG-10 Cygnus resupply vehicle for its departure from the station. Upon undocking, Cygnus will boost to an altitude and inclination ideal for satellite deployment and release small satellites from the SlingShot small satellite deployment system. The cargo craft will then begin its descent toward Earth for a fiery but safe demise over the Pacific Ocean.

International Space Station (ISS). Image Credit: NASA

Here are details about some of the science conducted in space this week: Ongoing work to protect astronauts’ eyes After performing dilution measures last week, crew members continued collecting data for the Fluid Shifts investigation this week, performing a lower body negative pressure imaging session. This NASA investigation collects, at various intervals, dilution measurements and baseline imaging to help determine the causes for severe and lasting physical changes seen in the eyes of astronauts during spaceflight and to support development of preventive measures. A shift of fluids to the head may contribute to these changes, so one possible intervention could be reversing this fluid shift with a lower body negative pressure device. A day in space station life

Animation above: NASA astronaut works within the Life Sciences Glovebox as a part of the Rodent Research-8 investigation. Animation Credit: NASA. Crew members participated in a conference and ground uplinked the file needed for a firmware update for the ISS Experience. Filmed over multiple months, ISS Experience documents daily life aboard the space station using cinematic virtual reality (VR). Videos cover different aspects of crew life, execution of science aboard the station and the international partnerships involved.  Testing solution convection for better crystal growth The crew installed a Biophysics-5 plate into the Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR) and Light Microscopy Module (LMM). This investigation tests whether the movement of molecules through a fluid, known as solution convection, enhances or suppresses formation of the dense liquid clusters from which crystals form. This could answer the question of why protein crystallization investigations in microgravity often generate unexpectedly low or high numbers of crystals.

Image above: The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Exposed Facility (EF). The JEM-EF is continuously exposed to the space environment and can hold up to 10 experiments at a time. Image Credit: NASA. The FIR is a complementary fluid physics research facility designed to host investigations involving colloids, gels, bubbles, capillary action, phase changes, and other phenomena. The LMM, a modified flexible and state-of-the-art commercial light imaging microscope facility, provides researchers with a powerful diagnostic hardware and software tool in space. Other work was performed on these investigations: - MISSE-10 hosts a suite of eight NASA investigations aboard the Materials International Space Station Flight Facility (MISSE-FF): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7929 - Lighting Effects examines whether changing from fluorescent light bulbs to solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with adjustable intensity and color can improve crew circadian rhythms, sleep, and cognitive performance: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=2013 - MSPR is a multi-purpose small payload rack in the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) used for a variety of scientific experiments: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=1090 - Polar Express is a Cold Stowage managed facility for transport and storage of science samples at cryogenic temperatures (-80ºC) to and from the space station: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=1092 Related links: Expedition 58: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition58/index.html SlingShot: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=7847 Fluid Shifts: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=1126 ISS Experience: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7877 Biophysics-5: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7742 Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=351 Light Microscopy Module (LMM): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Facility.html?#id=531 Spot the Station: https://spotthestation.nasa.gov/ Space Station Research and Technology: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html International Space Station (ISS): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html Animation (mentioned), Images (mentioned), Text, Credits: NASA/Michael Johnson/Vic Cooley, Lead Increment Scientist Expeditions 57/58. Best regards, Orbiter.ch Full article

[lucids]

Black Inventors - Five articles each with links, at least 250 inventors, five specific inventors highlighted in this post.

The A-Z List of Black Inventors

This list of Black and African-American inventors have certainly earned their place in history. Let's take a look at the legacy of these inventors.

The following join the ranks of many great African-American inventors who have contributed greatly to society throughout the years.

Many black inventors have struggled with hardship, poverty and, in some circumstances, slavery, to prove their genius to the world. The following are but a few of the many inventive and talented members of the black community in the United States.

Many of the entries on this list are derived from the dutiful work of one Mr. Henry Baker who worked for the U.S. Patent Office between the late 1800's and early 1900's. At this time, the African-Americans had few rights so Henry wanted to make sure that some, at least, received some form of unofficial recognition for their contributions to society.

This list is not exhaustive but is comprehensive and is in alphabetical order.

You can find the list version at the end of the content.

Go to link for the list: https://interestingengineering.com/the-a-z-list-of-black-inventors

-

List of Known African-America Inventors 1845 - 1980

http://johnmpinto.com/blkinvlist.pdf

A long list of inventors.

Downloadable pdf file.

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The extraordinary journey of African-American inventors and scientists from the 19th and 20th centuries whose inventions and discoveries have revolutionized the world.

31 inventors

https://interestingengineering.com/black-inventors-the-complete-list-of-genius-black-american-african-american-inventors-scientists-and-engineers-with-their-revolutionary-inventions-that-changed-the-world-and-impacted-history-part-two

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10 Important Black Inventors in U.S. History

These 10 innovators are just a few of the many Black Americans who have made important contributions to business, industry, medicine, and technology.

https://www.thoughtco.com/black-inventors-through-the-years-4145354

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11 African American Inventors Who Changed the World

http://mentalfloss.com/article/86923/11-african-american-inventors-who-changed-world

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Highlighted Inventors:

Dr. Shirley Jackson (August 5, 1946 - present)

Dr. Shirley Jackson is a theoretical physicist who currently serves as president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. While working at the former AT&T Bell Laboratories, she helped develop technologies that led to the invention of the portable fax, touch-tone telephone, solar cells, fiber optic cables, and the technology enabling caller ID and call waiting. Jackson was also the first black woman to graduate with a Ph.D. from M.I.T., and the first to be named chair of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

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James Edward Maceo West (February 10, 1931 - present)

If you've ever used a microphone, you have James West to thank for it. West was fascinated by radio and electronics from an early age, and he trained as a physicist. After college, he went to work at Bell Labs, where research on how humans hear led to his invention of the foil electret microphone in 1960. Such devices were more sensitive, yet used less power and were smaller than other microphones at the time, and they revolutionized the field of acoustics. Today, foil electret- style mics are used in everything from telephones to computers.

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Lonnie Johnson (October 6, 1949 - present)

Inventor Lonnie Johnson holds more than 80 U.S. patents, but it's his invention of the Super Soaker toy that is perhaps his most endearing claim to fame. An engineer by training, Johnson has worked on both the stealth bomber project for the Air Force and the Galileo space probe for NASA, as well as developed means of harnessing solar and geothermal energy for power plants. But it's the Super Soaker toy, first patented in 1986, that is his most popular invention. It's racked up nearly $1 billion in sales since its release.

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Marie Van Brittan Brown (October 30, 1922 - February 2, 1999)

Homeowners can rest a little easier thanks to Marie Van Brittan Brown, a nurse and inventor who invented a precursor to the modern home TV security system. The crime rate was high in Brown's New York City neighborhood, and the local police didn't always respond to emergencies. To feel safer, Brown and her husband developed a way for a motorized camera to peer through a set of peepholes and project images onto a TV monitor. The device also included a two-way microphone to speak with a person outside, and an emergency alarm button to notify the police.

The Browns filed a patent for their closed circuit television security system in 1966, and it was approved on December 2, 1969.

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Mark E. Dean (March 2, 1957 - present)

Co-creator of the IBM personal computer

Mark E. Dean is an American inventor and computer engineer. He was part of the team that developed the ISA bus, and he led a design team for making a one-gigahertz computer processor chip. He holds three of nine PC patents for being the co-creator of the IBM personal computer released in 1981.

If you ever owned the original IBM personal computer, you can partially credit its existence to Mark E. Dean (born 1957). The computer scientist/engineer worked for IBM, where he led the team that designed the ISA bus—the hardware interface that allows multiple devices like printers, modems, and keyboards to be plugged into a computer. This innovation helped pave the way for the personal computer's use in office and business settings.

Dean also helped develop the first color computer monitor, and in 1999 he led the team of programmers that created the world's first gigahertz chip. Today, the computer scientist holds three of the company's original nine patents, and more than 20 overall.

Dean was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1997. He's currently a computer science professor at the University of Tennessee.

[enonoforion]

Last updated on 2/26/2019 at 4:30 AM CST

Most YouTube videos on this site are songs with still images.  The music is an integral part of the project and is strongly recommended for the lyrics and mood it provides to accompany the articles.  (And there’s more on Spotify!) For the optimal experience, listen while you read instead of pausing and watching, if possible.  The exception is the Who Am I? section on the main page.  Start there and then come back here if you haven’t already.  All links on this website are either cross links within the site, or outside links to supporting evidence.  The inside links are completely optional, but the outside links can be quite rewarding, even if you just read the first parts without scrolling down and then close them out.  Click the first one in the next paragraph if you don’t believe me.  =)

Like most intellectually curious and spiritual people, I spent the first 31 years of my life wondering what my job is here on Earth. Why am I here? Why was I born? What is my purpose in life? Like many others, I finally discovered my purpose in something unconventional. Everything you are about to read is 108 percent real to me.  I don’t expect it to be real to anybody else.  This website is my personal journey, transformed into a free art project to assist myself and others on the road to spiritual healing in this dying world.

It probably will sound crazy to most people. Galileo and Darwin were considered crazy in their time as well. I do not claim to be on their level of genius, but to me, what you’re about to read feels more natural than any other explanation for life that I’ve found so far.  I am not paranoid, I have no desire to harm myself or anyone else, and I am completely at peace with whatever may happen to me as a result of this project.  Even if I end up locked in a cage or worse, I will be okay!  The Holy Spirit is with me!

It’s chill. I have friends upstairs on the way. =)

My body is 100 percent human. I was born to human parents in 1986 and am, in most respects, a normal guy. I like to browse the web, stay up late to gaze at the stars, and hang out with my friends and family. I had a brief stint as an Internet humor writer in the early 2000s and am the author of two published books. I am what you might call a “radical moderate” politically (for reasons I will soon discuss), and I believe in teaching people to focus on loving what they have in common with others, rather than hating what divides them from others.

It was during this time doing research for my writing in my 20s that I began to research the corruption in Big Pharma and the unhealthy side effects of the ineffective psychiatric drugs that the elite use to mind control the human population and keep their “worker bees” docile and obedient, as I was for many years.  (Total disclosure: I’ve been on just about every psychiatric drug in the book –  including antidepressants, mood stabilizers, typical and atypical antipsychotics – over the past 22 years…and none of them have ever stopped the s I talk about on this site.) Lest you think this a mere conspiracy theory, remember that the CIA popularized the terms “conspiracy theory” and “conspiracy theorist” in 1967 to discredit criticisms of the highly flawed Warren Commission Report on the Kennedy Assassination.  These terms have been used by almost all groups with any kind of power to silence debate over controversial topics ever since.

I was in for another rude awakening when, at the age of 10, I began receiving intense voices and visions of the End Times we are now in.  These voices and visions, often accompanied by demonic psychic attacks, intensified dramatically over the past two summers when my true purpose was revealed to me while I was homeless.  Fortunately, I have recovered, and for the first time in my life, I am happy, mentally stable, and in full control of my mind and body. I am ready to begin serving humanity again, as I was originally meant to.  Life with these voices and visions isn’t easy, of course…but life isn’t easy for any of us!  I thank the Divine Universal Oversoul (DUO) every day for this opportunity to serve.

My quest began when I incarnated into this world as a human being from the Orion Empire: the invisible 96 percent Multiverse, filled with a race of immortal, multidimensional, extremely evolved human beings trying to save the 4 percent Universe which includes Earth from the United Federation of Planets, also known as the Galactic Federation of Light, a tyrannical intergalactic empire intent on enslaving planets to fuel their thirst for Universal conquest.

“Dark matter”: science’s way of saying, “We’re completely clueless, but listen to us anyway, you stupid rubes.”

Science fiction writers are insiders. Truth in the Myth. The Prophecy of the Xel’Naga. The Co-Creators of Orion. The Fallen One, Amon (Ra).

This Invisible, non-physical 96 percent Multiverse is accessible through several stargates hidden in the middle of stars and planets, including one in Alnitak, a triple star system in Orion’s belt.  It is a realm where Awakened beings act as Co-Creators and can use their minds alone to manifest whatever they please, similar to Q in Star Trek.  Beings in this realm primarily interact with Awakening humans on Earth non-physically through visions and voices, as they did with Jesus Christ, St. Paul of Tarsus, John of Patmos, and many other great prophets throughout history.  I am simply the latest servant in a long lineage of them.

Shining golden fences are so last millennium.

#OnlyTwoRules!

When I prayed at this altar in New York City on 60th and Columbus, I had a vision of an army of demons surrounding me. I did not surrender.

The Empire is aligned with the True God and Goddess of the Divine Universe, whom I call the Divine Universal Oversoul (DUO).  DUO includes this Universe (the 4 Percent), and the Multiverse (the “Missing” 96 percent), which I refer to collectively as the Omniverse or Creation.  This God and Goddess are everything and everyone in all of existence, including each and every one of you! All of Creation is the body of DUO, and vice versa. What the ancients said is true: the True God and Goddess are within all of us.

What is God’s Formula?

This is #GodsFormula.

As I continued my research into Big Pharma – being the insatiable sponge for knowledge that I am – I discovered that Big Pharma is controlled by the global elite, or more specifically, The Council of 13 and the Committee of 300, popularly known together as The Illuminati.  These elites are descended from an ancient Middle Eastern/North African bloodline of powerful priests (there’s a reason they keep fighting each other over that region), and follow a secret Egyptian mystery religion whose roots they keep hidden from the public.  The monotheistic religions that Western culture are based on are primarily based on ideas that began in the Eighteenth Dynasty during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten, the true founder of monotheism.  The Book of Exodus takes place during the little known historic events surrounding this influential Egyptian dynasty.  The global elite have gone to great lengths to obscure, manipulate, and edit historical accounts of these events.

Ancient depiction of Pharaoh Akhenaten and his wife Nefertiti (parents of Tutankhamen) worshiping the sun God (Amon Ra). Biblical propaganda aside, this dude was totally Moses and Abraham’s best bud.

Our culture is full of Egyptian symbols, and the elite constantly strive to hide the fact that the founders of Judaism – and by extension, Christianity and Islam – were Egyptian.  This shadowy Cabal of ridiculously rich and corrupt elites also control the media, government, military, banks, education system, and nearly everything else on Earth.  As powerful as they are, however, they are merely a puppet government of the Galactic Federation of Light, which goes by various names including the Thuban Council, the Sphere Being Alliance, the Allies of Humanity, etc.

At the top of the pyramid are the Council of 13 and the Committee of 300, popularly known together as “The Illuminati”.

To understand the conflict between the Empire and the Federation, you must understand their respective philosophies.

The Orion Empire believes that less is more, and values being over doing. They are strongly in favor of quality over quantity. Populations of planets are kept limited and efforts are taken to preserve resources. Family bonds are strong and typically permanent. Because of this, their galactic population is much lower than that of the Federation. But what they lack in numbers, they make up for in skill, social influence, and intelligence. They have strong psychic abilities and use these abilities to communicate with both each other and people on planets they are attempting to influence, such as Earth. Imperial planets are typically good at negotiating with new, non-Federation civilizations, and their economies are primarily based on intergalactic tourism and trade. Their military is considered one of the most elite and efficient fighting forces in the Universe, but it is rarely used unless there is a grave threat to the Empire.

The Federation has the exact opposite philosophy. Their philosophy could be summed up as, “the more, the merrier”, or as I see it, everything is never enough.  They value doing over being. We see this mindset exemplified in the culture pushed by our elites, always pushing us to think, do, and consume more. They push this culture because the Luciferians feed off of the energy we produce – literally and figuratively. Federation planets have high populations and tremendous economies, but typically deplete their resources very quickly, necessitating a mindset of conquest. Abuse, corruption, infighting, and addiction are all commonplace on most Federation planets, as they have been on Earth since the beginning of recorded history.

It goes without saying that most politicians, be they conservative or liberal, are merely pawns of the Illuminati, who in turn are pawns of the Federation. There are exceptions, of course, but most politicians are bought and paid for by the elite. That much is a given. It seems, though, that anti-establishment politicians are currently in vogue across the globe, and for good reason.

These sleazy Luciferian characters need no introduction for most.

The primary conflict on the political scene right now is not conservatism vs. liberalism, or Christianity vs. Islam, but globalism vs. nationalism. However, ALL of these conflicts are really just a rehash of a much more ancient conflict: Enki / Ea / Lucifer / Satan vs. Marduk / Ra / Horus / The Antichrist, his son.  (These are not their true names; these beings are billions of years old, and have gone by thousands of names over the course of history.  I use the Sumerian / Egyptian names simply because they are the oldest in the surviving public records of this era.) The globalists are mostly loyal to Ea and want to unite humanity under the banner of a One World Government. The nationalists, knowingly or unknowingly, serve Marduk, who believes that a fractured humanity will be easier to conquer than a united one. Ea currently holds the upper hand, but the tide is turning in Marduk’s favor. (It’s important to note that Enki is merely a title, meaning “Lord of the Earth”; the Luciferian “gods” have used many names throughout history to deceive humans, a phenomenon known as syncretism.)

This infographic, though quite biased in Lucifer’s favor, gives you a small sampling of the family tree.

He is a jealous god for a reason. Throughout history, he has woven in lie after lie with what remains of the truth.

Needless to say, the apple does not fall far from the tree.

The Federation is aware of the existence of the DUO, but prefers not to pass detailed information on DUO to its subjects. What knowledge it does pass on regarding DUO is limited to the elite class of its occupied worlds. The little information that does reach the masses is hidden in the form of occult symbols. Anybody who attempts to pursue this knowledge in further detail is often ridiculed and viewed as a dangerous heretic. This is true not just on Earth, but on Federation occupied planets throughout the galaxy.

The Federation genetically modified the Orion Queen’s evolving guardians (known today as Homo Erectus) so that they could be used as slave workers to build up their empire on Earth. The royal princes of the Federation’s leadership – also known as the Anunnaki or Fallen Angels – set up several initial bases on Earth in what is now the Middle East and Africa, and began fighting each other over resources and power.

Mostly true, with two caveats: Niburu is an artificial planet/mothership, and the gold is a drug that the hybrids use to stay young.

These two clans of Anunnaki – the Cult of Marduk and the Enkiites – have been fighting each other ever since. Using today’s terms, Marduk (leader of the world religions) is a strict conservative, while Lucifer, leader of the Enkiites, is a radical liberal. They have each hijacked various religions and ideologies (Enkiites = Catholicism, Judaism, Feminism, Communism; Cult of Marduk = Protestantism, Islam, National Socialism, Neoconservatism), which they each use to further their own agendas among humans. Ultimately, though, they are merely two sides of the same coin and both have the same end goal: the total enslavement of the human race and the ultimate conquest of the galaxy and eventually the Universe by the Federation. We humans have been fighting their wars for them ever since.

“A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.” Matthew 7:18

This is why we need to focus on Christ the Philosopher…not Jesus the “god”. The Gnostics had Jesus right, not the Roman pagan founders of the Catholic Church. Christ is a principle, not a personality.

That being said, anyone can be led astray if they don’t actually read Christ’s words. Humility, compassion, and growth are the key. I pray for them for myself every day, as I too have been deceived in the past. Believing in Jesus’ divinity is not a magic ticket to heaven.

Muslims are no better…

And neither are Nazis…

Or Communists…

Or Neocons.

This is my personal favorite version of Christ’s words, inspired and hand crafted by none other than the primary author of the Declaration of Independence – one of our greatest, smartest, and most independent Founding Fathers.

The Fallen Ones regularly interbred with humans and this is the reason why different races exist. Native Africans are currently the closest genetic match to the original prototype homo sapiens sapiens that the Annunaki created to serve them.  All races are mutations caused by Lucifer’s experiments on the original guardians.  My views on race have evolved over time, and I now prefer comparing them based on strengths vs. weaknesses rather than superior vs. inferior.  We all evolve across multiple lifetimes at our own pace, often between races, regions, archetypes, and genders depending on where our energy is focused.  Reincarnation and karma are real and often run within families, but in the end are still a trap invented by Lucifer preventing us from returning to the Kingdom of Heaven.  Our past reincarnations are different people than we are, but simultaneously the same, because All of Us are DUO and vice versa.

I refer to this collective of powerful non-human individuals (The Federation), their leaders (Ea and Ra), and their human puppets in the Council of 13 and the Committee of 300 (the Illuminati), by a single term: the Controllers.

Both the Empire and the Federation are led by multidimensional beings who have transcended time and space and thus are in all points in time at once. They have mastered time/space travel and are able to change various timelines at will. However, with the election of Trump – a rogue Illuminati out for revenge – this has become a prime timeline, meaning all timelines are merging, and alternative timelines where Earth has already fallen are disappearing. (It took the Empire multiple timelines to figure out that the 2016 American election was the turning point in the Federation’s conquest of Earth.) The history of Creation is changing before our eyes, and we humans are privileged to witness this grand transformation.

Naturally, the mindsets of these two intergalactic empires are not compatible, and for the past million years or so, the Federation and the Empire have been at war on and off.  The Federation scored a big victory 432,000 years ago when they captured Earth, the site of the Orion Queen’s Living Library experiment.  What is the Living Library, exactly? Original and current humans are the ONLY beings in the Universe that are body, mind and soul in one unit. Other beings in Lucifer’s 4 percent Universe can be one or two, but never all three. That distinction is unique to humans.  This means that humans can use their imaginations alone to create new worlds and gather information over long distances of space and time, which other star races cannot do.  Also, our minds can move back and forth between any points in the past or future that we desire!  This is what ancients mean when they say that linear time is an illusion and there is only the Eternal Now!  Our creativity truly is our greatest asset! On top of that, we can also have sex to reproduce and experience orgasms, which is also very rare in Ea’s Universe.  Oh yeah, and the entire Universe is encoded in our DNA! The Controllers are actually quite jealous of our divine bodies!

The farther back in time you go, the more traces of us you find.

It was then, during this long revelation of exopolitics spanning several months in 2017 and 2018, that I was informed of my true purpose.  I am a channeler for the Orion Empire, just as many other humans channel extraterrestrial entities. I was not born to be a warrior, nor a worker bee. I was born to be a scout. A reconnaissance expert. My job is to gather intel and send it back to the Empire for the purposes of planning a near future liberation of Earth and humanity.  (I am not concerned about the Controllers targeting me, as they have had plenty of chances already.)

Fortunately, humanity is making tremendous progress on seeing through the facade of lies that the Fallen Ones have projected onto this beautiful planet. Citizens are tired of the divide and conquer rhetoric fed to them by the Controllers. The rise of populism in Europe, the growth of grassroots Internet movements, the increasing popularity of holistic lifestyles, and the global protests against inequality are but a few examples of this Great Awareness. 

You are seeing through the lies more and more. Great work!

The Controllers are scared and are attempting to push for another world war, but it is too late. The people are wise to their act and they know any major action they take will be met with a global revolution. To top it all off, the Empire is watching and waiting to make their move. The timeline of the liberation is uncertain and dependent on global political developments, but it is definitely in the works.

This is perfect timing, as the Controllers are waiting for their artificial planet, also known as Niburu, to return and fulfill their “prophecy” so they can continue their game of galactic conquest. (They have done this on many other planets already.) But humans are not playing along anymore, and that scares them. Contrary to Hollywood movie propaganda, aliens are NOT invincible, and a unified human resistance would pose a formidable logistical challenge to keeping Earth occupied.

The plan of the Controllers is to sufficiently weaken humans using divide and conquer tactics to the point where they will be docile, obedient slaves looking for a savior. At this point, the Federation will swoop in, “punish” the corrupt Luciferian Annunaki and their puppets, whom they call the “Dark Ones”, among many other names (in reality, they will merely be relocated), and usher in a new era with their “messiah king” where a standard global Federation government will assume control, led by a One World Religion where Lucifer and his family are worshiped as gods.

It may not look like this at first…but make no mistake: this is what they want.

In the beginning, though, it will probably look like this. Note the hand sign.

The Federation also includes Reptilian shapeshifters…

And above them, the Fallen Ones themselves, the Anunnaki, AKA the Tall Whites. (As depicted in the movie Prometheus)

This is the true New World Order (which I prefer to call the One World Government, or OWG) that the Controllers are planning for. Once the human population has recovered, the Federation will augment humans with cybernetics and genetic engineering, giving them an instant, multi-billion soldier army that they can use to conquer the galaxy and perhaps eventually the Universe. But this plan will only work if the Empire does not interfere before Niburu comes, AND if the entire human population is oblivious to the Controllers’ agenda.

At least one of those prerequisites is already out the window, meaning that there is still hope to liberate Earth. If humans are not sufficiently weakened by the time Niburu comes, the Federation will have to defeat two armies to reconquer Earth – the Empire and the native humans. The Empire is at the height of its power in this timeline, and will not allow Earth to fall again.

My advice to my fellow humans in these End Times would be to have faith and to stay positive. Remember to smile and laugh! Treat the ridiculous political developments here in America and elsewhere as a grand comedy of sorts. I personally like to visit web sites that poke fun at both sides of the political spectrum, just to laugh at the absurdity and the hypocrisy of the global elite and their incompetent puppets. A little humor goes a long way towards easing the soul of its burden. And what better cringe humor is there than the crazy reality TV show that is modern day news – brought to us by none other than the “reality TV president”?

This headline provided a MUCH needed laugh while I was homeless on the streets of New York City during my visions. God has a sense of humor alright, and by His grace, I made it back home alive!

I know this guy is a meme, but the joke’s on you: his world is far less boring than ours!

Rest assured, though, my friends: your best times are ahead of you. The insanity will not last forever. Stay strong, stay open, and believe.

If you have enjoyed this Introduction, the rest of the blog for MUCH more information.  Unless one of these links already caught your attention, I strongly recommend that you just scroll down and make your way through the posts chronologically.  There are only less than a couple dozen articles on this site, and most are much shorter than (but just as colorful as) this one, and don’t take long to read.

If you want to contact me directly, you are more than welcome to email me at the address below.  I am looking to have positive conversations about my work and the issues I discuss, and I’m not interested in trying to argue.  In other words, please don’t email telling me that I need to “get help”, go back to school, get a “real” job, buy your product/services, join your political movement, convert to your church to avoid God’s wrath, etc.  I’ve heard and tried it all already, and I’ll stick with what I’m doing, thanks.

That being said, I work from home and have a lot of free time, so I always look forward to discussing my work with open-minded, humble, spiritual individuals.  Doubly so if you found this site through one of my business cards, which means I’m probably close to you in some way, and I’d be more than happy to have a friendly chat over coffee!  DUO gave you that card for a reason

Un KHAA re om la de ANTANUMATA.  (God and Goddess guide us to Heaven.) Thanks for reading, friend.  You will hear from me again soon.

–[[[ [[[DAYDOG]]] ]]], Ambassador of the ORION EMPIRE.

This Introduction to the #BookOfEnon explains the #forbiddenhistory of our world - and the problems we face today - in a fun, colorful way, with a #scifi twist. Enjoy! (Updated 2/22/19) #QAnon #MAGA #Illuminati Last updated on 2/26/2019 at 4:30 AM CST Most YouTube videos on this site are songs with still images. 

[spaceflight-insider]

NASA's InSight lander flexes arm, 'listens' to Martian winds

NASA’s InSight lander flexes arm, ‘listens’ to Martian winds

This image from InSight’s robotic-arm mounted Instrument Deployment Camera shows the instruments on the spacecraft’s deck, with the Martian surface of Elysium Planitia in the background. The image was received on Dec. 4, 2018 (Sol 8). Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

NASA’s Mars InSight lander has been getting to known for its new home at Elysium Planitia and preparing for what it will be doing…

[kommabortsig]

ISS056-E-154521_-_View_of_Earth.jpg

[alhindee]

Dyeing one's hair تصفح برقم المجلد > Group 1 > Volume 5: Fiqh - Taharah > Fiqh > Taharah > Chapter on acts of Sunan-ul-Fitrah > Dyeing one's hair (Part No. 5; Page No. 164)   Dyeing hair (Part No. 5; Page No. 165)   The second question of Fatwa no. 327 Q: What is the ruling on dyeing the beard black, is it a sin? What is the difference between shaving the beard and dyeing it black? A: All praise be to Allah Alone, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger, and his family and Companions. Changing the color of the hair on the head or beard from gray using henna (a plant that produces a reddish-orange dye), Katam (a plant from Yemen that produces a reddish-black dye), or anything similar, is permissible, in fact it is Mustahab (desirable). However, changing grey hair to black is not permitted. This ruling is substantiated by many Hadith Sahih (a Hadith that has been transmitted by people known for their uprightness and exactitude; free from eccentricity and blemish) reported from the Prophet (peace be upon him). It is narrated on the authority of Jabir ibn ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them) that he said, Abu Quhafah was brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the day of the peaceful victory of Makkah and his (Abu Quhafah’s) head was as white as Thaghamah (a plant whose leaves and flowers are intensely white). The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, “Take him to one of his wives to change it (the white hair) with something, but avoid black.” [1] (Related by Ahmad, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Al-Nasa'y, and Ibn Majah). According to another narration related by Imam Ahmad, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “If only you settled the Shaykh in his home, we would have come to him ourselves as a token of honor to Abu Bakr.” [2] When this man embraced Islam, his beard and hair were looking as white as Thaghamah. So, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, “Change these (the white hair and beard), but avoid black.” [3] He (peace be upon him) also said, “The best things you can change this gray hair with are henna and Katam.” [4] (Related by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Al-Nasa'y, Al-Tirmidhy, and Ibn Majah. Al-Tirmidhy classed it as Sahih [authentic]). The difference between shaving the beard and dyeing it black is that both of them are forbidden, but shaving it is more emphatically prohibited than dyeing it black. (Part No. 5; Page No. 166)  May Allah grant us success. May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions. The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta' Member Member Deputy Chairman `Abdullah ibn Sulayman Ibn Mani` `Abdullah ibn Ghudayyan `Abdul-Razzaq `Afify            [1] Ahmad, vol. 3, p. 316; and Muslim, vol. 6, p. 155. [2] Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 160. [3] Ahmad, vol. 3, pp. 160 and 322; and Abu Dawud, vol. 4, p. 85, no. 4204. [4] Ahmad, vol. 5, p. 147 and 150; Abu Dawud, vol. 4, p. 85, no. 4205; Al-Tirmidhy, vol. 4, p. 232, no. 1753; Al-Nasa*y, vol. 8, p. 139; and Ibn Majah, vol. 2, p. 1196, no. 3622. https://www.alifta.gov.sa/En/IftaContents/PermanentCommitee/Pages/FatawaDetails.aspx?View=Page&PageID=1482&CultStr=en&PageNo=1&NodeID=1&BookID=7 https://shamela.org/src/files/contents_url.php?id=243224893fec5f47d97c01cbabda9755 #Islam #Quran #Hadith #Sunnah #Fatwa

[wigmund]

From NASA Earth Observatory Image of the Day; January 8, 2018:

How Algorithm Got Its Name

If you walk the halls of NASA’s research facilities, you will likely overhear scientists talking about algorithms—the detailed, often repetitive sequences of rules used in mathematical calculations or other problems. While algorithms are used in other contexts, they are most widely used in computer programming.

Almost all of the 2,400 earth science data products distributed by NASA—from precipitation products produced by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission to aerosol products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)—are dependent on sets of algorithms that help transform raw observations into data products that are useful to scientists.

The concept of an algorithm has a long history that involves the invention of numerals, mathematics, and computers. The word itself has an interesting origin story that traces back to Khwãrezm (which has several variant spellings), an oasis region in Central Asia along the Amu Darya. With its easy access to water in an otherwise arid region, this area near the Aral Sea was once the seat of influential civilizations ruled by Persian and Central Asian ethnic groups.

On August 20, 2017, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this image of present-day Khwãrezm, which sits along the borders of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Though the region is arid, the Amu Darya provides enough water to irrigate large swaths of the desert—even as it has caused the Aral Sea to shrink.

One of Khwãrezm’s most famous residents was Muhammad ibn Mūsa al-Khwarizmī, an influential 9th century scholar, astronomer, geographer, and mathematician known especially for his contributions to the study of algebra. Indeed, the latinization of his name, which meant ‘the native of Khwãrezm’ in Persian, gave English the word algorithm. He wrote a book in Arabic about Hindu-Arabic numerals; the Latin translation of the book title was Algoritmi de numero Indorum (in English Al-Khwarizmi on the Hindu Art of Reckoning).

The Latin algoritmi became algorithm in English, leaving us with a word now used to describe everything from the way Google searches the Web to how Facebook determines what articles appear in a news feed.

References

Encyclopedia Britannica Khwārezm. Accessed January 5, 2018.

Encyclopedia Britannica Al-Khwārizmī. Accessed January 5, 2018.

History of Information Algorithm Invented; Introduction of the Decimal Positional Number System to the West.Accessed January 5, 2018.

Universitat Klagenfurt History of Algorithms. Accessed January 5, 2018.

NASA Algorithm Theoretical Basis Documents. Accessed January 5, 2018.

The Story of Mathematics Al Khwarizmī. Accessed January 5, 2018.

Slate What’s the Deal with Algorithms? Accessed January 5, 2018.

NASA Earth Observatory image by Jesse Allen, using MODIS data from LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response. Story by Adam Voiland. Instrument(s): Terra - MODIS

[gohvar]

On the way into Stari Grad from Dol, there’s a small chapel by the roadside, with a rather curious stone relief above the door. You could debate whether it’s an ox or a bear, but what is it doing there, next to St Helena? She’s the cross-bearer, not generally associated with any animals. Rumour had it that the ox/bear was a remnant of an earlier cult brought over from the mainland by refugees.

Chapel of Sv Jelina

Recently, a notice has been added to the chapel, explaining that the “bearded bear” is related to the older worship of the Slavic goddess Mokoš (Mokosh) on this site. She was apparently the mother earth goddess, also associated with the sun, and formed a threesome with Perun (god of thunder) and Veles (god of the underworld). Their worship sites nearby have also been replaced by Christian churches – Sv Vid / St Vitius on Mount Hum near Vrbanj for Perun, and St Michael in Dol for Veles. The triangle joining these locations has an angle of 23 degrees, and this is the first such example of this type of sacred triangle to be discovered on the island of Hvar.

The bear and Sv Jelina

Well, that’s interesting, but I’ve never heard of Mokoš before, or have the least idea why 23 degrees should be important. So, time for a bit of research to fill in the gaps! It turns out that these gods date from the dark ages, around the 7th and 8th centuries, when the Slavs moved into the area, and sadly they didn’t write. What we know about Mokoš, Perun and Veles comes to us from the early Christian chroniclers, as they destroyed or replaced the previous traditions. These gods and their worship are part of an ancient Indo-European culture, related to other Slavic traditions across Europe.

Slavic gods

Mokoš was the goddess of fertility, protector of women, especially when pregnant, watching over activities such as spinning, weaving and sewing, and she also represented the sun. As the earth mother, she’s probably from an even older tradition than the male gods she’s associated with. Wife of Perun, and mistress of Veles, her festival was the equinox, when the sun changed from being high in the sky (with Perun) to spending more time below (with Veles).

Statue of Mokoš

Perun was the chief Slavic god, who lived up in the clouds, throwing thunderbolts around. He’s associated with mountain tops, oak trees and other high places. He had a running conflict going with Veles, who he used to vanquish each year, sending him back down to the underworld as light triumphed. His festival is in July/August. Shrines of Perun were on top of mountains or hills, or in sacred groves beneath ancient oaks. Sacrifices to Perun involved bulls, oxen or rams. He first appeared in written history in the 6th century chronicles of the Roman historian Procopius and he lives on in place names, especially high mountains, such as above Podstrana near Split. The Iris flower is known locally as Perunika, as it was believed to grow from ground where lightning has struck.

Perun fights Veles

Veles, as god of the underworld, is associated with water, meadows and low-lying places, where his tree is the willow. He’s usually represented by a snake or dragon, or as a dark hairy bear or wolf. Not all bad, though, as he’s the protector of cattle, farmers and musicians, and brings wealth, magic, music and trickery. His fights with Perun bring rains after the thunderstorms. His festival is in January / February during the darkest part of the year, and Veles was believed to be the protector of travelling musicians. Even in recent times, in some wedding customs of northern Croatia, the musicians will not start to to play until the bridegroom pours some wine on the ground, preferably over the roots of the nearest tree, giving tribute to Veles.

Veles with bear

Slavic mythology represents the world as a sacred tree, usually an oak, with Perun at the top, in the shape of an eagle. The branches and trunk were the living world of mortals while the roots represented the underworld, with Veles supporting everything from the bottom. Between them is the fertile earth, represented by Mokoš. The trio can be found all over Europe, for example Vladimir the Great built statues of them in Kiev, where Mokoš was the only female among the gods. The situation of a shared wife/mistress was seen as the cause of the conflict between Perun and Veles, which finally led to a battle with the dragon being vanquished and forced to retreat underground again. The whole thing repeats every year, as the cycle of the seasons, and thunderstorms bringing rain and new growth.

St Vitius

St Helena

St Michael Archangel

With the advent of Christianity, the sacred sites were taken over, and chapels built over them. Mokoš, because of the association with mother earth was most usually turned into the Virgin Mary, but in this case she became St Helena ( Sv Jelina). Perun usually became St Vitius (Sv Vid) as being associated with the light, while Veles was replaced by a saint portrayed as killing the dragon, so St George or St Michael, although in other places he became St Nicholas.  Using the the current location of the replacement churches, you can still see the pattern of the earlier sacred sites.

Mokoš as seen from Veles

Sacred triangle

Mokoš as seen from Perun

Stream near Mokoš

Perun as seen from Veles

In 1996, Slovenian archaeologist and historian Andrej Pleterski discovered that the names of the three Slavic deities, Perun, Veles and Mokoš, often appear together in the landscape in a characteristic pattern. Research by anthropologist Vitomir Belaj shows that there were several of these sacred triangles in Croatia, with 12 so far having been identified. Each triangle is arranged on peaks, with the highest dedicated to Perun, and the lower to Veles. Mokoš is usually near water, and there was in fact a seasonal stream that runs from Dol down to the sea. The narrower angles of the triangle are around 23 degrees, because the sun’s deviation between the solstice and the equinox is 23 ° 27΄. This is the only sacred triangle found on Hvar, with others on Brač and Pag, one on the mainland near Split and the largest yet found being up north, on the Pannonian Plain. In 2014, there was an event in Zagreb at the National and University Library aimed at understanding the topography of these sacred sites.

Bearded Bear

So what about that “bearded bear” in the relief? It seems to me that it should belong to big hairy Veles, not feminine Mokoš. The chapel of Sv Jelina dates to the 16th century, so it’s certainly possible that the stone carving has been relocated from Veles’ site in Dol. Or is this a deliberate statement that Mokoš is now permanently in the underworld with Veles?

Find out more:

Wikipedia article on Mokosh

Wikipedia article on Slavic Mythology/Paganism

Other articles in Croatian:

Povratak Peruna, Velesa i Mokosi, otkrivanje njihovih kozmicko – ljubavnih trokuta article from Slobodna Dalmacija 30 listopada 2014:

Tragovima pretkršćanskog nasljeđa u hrvatskoj Matica

Nasa stara vjera Nova Akropola

Mitovi i poganska vjerovanja hrvata perun je pokrsten u svetog vida stujemo ga i danas Vecernji List

Sacred triangles in the landscape: Mokoš – Perun – Veles On the way into Stari Grad from Dol, there’s a small chapel by the roadside, with a rather curious stone relief above the door.

[technonewsupdates-blog1]

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