#difference between specialization and generalization in dbms in hindi

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DBMS in Hindi - Aggregation

DBMS in Hindi – Aggregation

aggregation in dbms, aggregation kya hai, DBMS Aggregation in Hindi

DBMS Aggregation in Hindi

एकत्रीकरण (aggregation) में, दो entities के बीच संबंध को एक entity के रूप में माना जाता है। एकत्रीकरण में, इसकी संबंधित entities के साथ संबंध एक higher level इकाई में एकत्रित होता है।

उदाहरण के लिए:यदि कोई visitor किसी कोचिंग सेंटर में जाता है, तो वह कभी भी कोर्स के बारे में या सिर्फ सेंटर के बारे में…

[phgq]

Hazard, OT pay only for gov’t employees working in offices

#PHnews: Hazard, OT pay only for gov’t employees working in offices

MANILA – Civil Service Commission (CSC) Commissioner Aileen Lizada clarified Monday that overtime and hazard pay will only be given to government workers required to physically come to work amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic.

Lizada said while government employees working from home are not entitled to hazard pay, she expressed assurance that the salary of all government workers will continue during the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) and the general community quarantine (GCQ) brought about by the health crisis.

“Nagpapasalamat tayo na nasa gobyerno tayo at this stage po kasi tuluy-tuloy iyong ating suweldo. Huwag na ho kayong umasa ng overtime pay sa bahay ninyo or hazard pay sa bahay ninyo kasi wala namang hazard sa inyong bahay, you’re in your home (Let us be thankful that we are in the government service at this time because our salaries will continue. Let us no longer ask for overtime or hazard pay as we are working in our own homes),” Lizada said in a Laging Handa Public Briefing aired over state-run PTV4.

Lizada said the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) already issued its guidelines on compensations.

Lizada added that front-liners are entitled to risk allowance and hazard pay, while those working under skeletal workforce may not report for work on holidays, but if required by the head of the agency, overtime pay or compensatory time-off will be given to them.

Employees under job order (JO) and contract of service (COS) who are in the front-line services are also entitled to receive hazard pay and the special risk allowance.

Multiple work arrangements

The CSC issued its Memorandum Circular No. 10 (MC 10) on the interim guidelines for alternative work arrangements for government offices available during the ECQ and the GCQ due to the pandemic, promulgated on Friday (May 8), but will take effect retroactively on March 16, the date of President Rodrigo Duterte’s declaration placing the country under a state of calamity.

During the briefing, Lizada said that multiple work arrangements are available to the head of agencies.

These are work from home, skeletal workforce, four-day compressed workweek, staggered working hours, and alternative work arrangements.

A combination of these arrangements may also be implemented, depending on the needs of the agency.

"The five alternative work arrangements, puwede ho nating i-combine. Ito ho iyong maganda dito kasi puwedeng i-combine para ho hindi mahirapan din iyong ating transacting public at iyong government officials and employees po. We have a leeway whether it is ECQ, GCQ, MCQ you now have five alternative working arrangements (The five alternative work arrangements may be combined for the advantage of the public as well as the government officials and employees)," she said.

The commissioner said senior citizens and those with health risks such as immunodeficiency, comorbidities, and pregnant women should be placed under work-from-home arrangement.

Exceptions include those working in healthcare facilities, emergency services, law enforcement, and other essential services, but the four-day workweek schedule may be applicable under the Joint Memorandum Circular No. 1, series of 2020.

Occupational safety and health standards

Lizada said aside from the MC 10, a joint memorandum circular between the CSC, Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and the Department of Health (DOH) on the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Standards for the Public Sector was signed last May 4 and will take effect on May 22.

CSC-DOH-DOLE Joint Memorandum Circular No. 1, s. 2020 aims to protect government workers from the dangers of injury, sickness, or death and to prevent loss or damage of properties through the adoption of safe and healthy working conditions.

Under the guideline, government agencies will be required to establish their own occupational safety and health (OSH) program, create a safety and health committee, and appoint a safety health officer to oversee the overall implementation of the standards.

To further protect their employees during these times, agencies are required to sanitize their workplaces and provide personal protective equipment to their employees, for free.

Lizada said that guidelines on the implementation of the JMC will soon be released.

"Maglalabas po ng guidelines ang mga different agencies, maglalabas ho ang CSC ng guidelines how to implement this, maglalabas din po ang DOH po para doon sa kung ano ang medical services. Mag-e-establish sila ng system kung anong medical services ang puwedeng ibigay sa mga empleyado at ang DOLE po ay magpo-provide ng relevant occupational safety and health standard for the government sector (Guidelines will be released by the different government agencies. CSC will release a guideline on the implementation, DOH will release their guideline for those in medical services and establish a system on which medical services may be given to employees while the DOLE will provide for the relevant occupational and health safety standard for the government sector),” she said. (PNA)

***

References:

* Philippine News Agency. "Hazard, OT pay only for gov’t employees working in offices." Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1102569 (accessed May 13, 2020 at 01:36AM UTC+14).

* Philippine News Agency. "Hazard, OT pay only for gov’t employees working in offices." Archive Today. https://archive.ph/?run=1&url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1102569 (archived).

[pakuniinfo]

Database Management System PDF Notes, Books Course Data and Tutorials

Info is an associate organized assortment of data, typically keep and accessed electronically from a computer system. wherever databases ar additional advanced they’re typically developed exploitation formal style and modeling techniques. The management system (DBMS) is the code that interacts with finish users, applications, and also the data itself to capture and analyze the knowledge. The software code, additionally , encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the data . The summation of the data , the software and also the associated applications is mentioned as a “database system”. typically the term “database” is additionally accustomed loosely ask any of the software systems, the data system or associate application associated with the data . Computer scientists might classify info-management systems keep with the database models that they support. relative databases became dominant within the 19 Eighties. These model information as rows and columns during a series of tables, and also the overwhelming majority use SQL for writing and querying information. within the 2000s, non-relational databases became widespread, mentioned as NoSQL as a results of they use totally different question languages. Formally, a “database” refers to a gaggle of connected information and also the tactic it’s organized. Access to this information is usually provided by a “database management system” (DBMS) consisting of associate integrated set of pc code that permits users to maneuver with one or additional information and provides access to all or any or any or any or any of the knowledge contained within the database (although restrictions might exist that limit access to explicit data). Because of the shut relationship between them, the term “database” is usually used nonchalantly to ask each an info and also the software familiar with manipulate it. Both a info and its software adapt to the principles of a specific info model.

History of database management system

The sizes, capabilities, and performance of databases and their several DBMSs have adult in orders of magnitude. This performance will increase were enabled by the technology progress within the fields of processors, memory devices, memory devices, and pc networks. the event of knowledge technology is split into 3 eras supported information model or structure: direction, SQL/relational, and post-relational. The two main early direction information models were the gradable model and also the CODASYL model (network model) The relative model, 1st planned in 1970 by Edgar F. Codd, departed from this tradition by the appliance that applications need to search for information by content, rather of by following links. The relative model employs sets of ledger-style tables, every used for a special quite entity. solely within the mid-1980s did computing hardware become powerful enough to allow the wide readying of relative systems (DBMSs and applications). By the primary Nineteen Nineties, but, relative systems dominated collectively large-scale processing applications, and as of 2018 they proceed to be dominant: IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft SQL The dominant info language, standardized SQL for the relative model, has influenced info languages for various information models Object databases were developed within the 19 Eighties to beat the inconvenience of object-relational electric resistance pair, that diode to the coining of the term “post-relational” and additionally the The next generation of post-relational databases within the late 2000s became named NoSQL databases, introducing quick key-value stores and document-oriented databases.

This Outline Will be similar with your University Course Outline for Database Management System.

Basic database concepts, DB design life cycle, schema architecture, database architecture, Conceptual, L Mapping ERD to relational model, ogical and Physical database modeling and design, Functional Dependencies and Normalization, Relational Algebra, Functional Dependencies and Normalization, Structured Query Language (SQL), Transaction Processing, Concurrencsy Control and Recovery Techniques, Query Optimization Concepts._

Best Recommended Fundamentals of Database Management System PDF Notes and Books in Universities:

Here is detailed list of best Fundamentals of Database Management System books for Universities: database management system A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation and Management by  Thomas Connolly and Carolyn Begg Modern database management system by Fred McFadden, Jeffrey Hoofer , Mary Prescott Database Management System IT series 3rd Edition DBMS pdf book free fundamentals of DBMS DBMS Complete tutorial for beginners Introduction to database management system (Complete) Best DBMS complete tutorial(urdu/hindi)

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Check out on Amazon Store Check out on  Khan Academy Check out on COURSEA Check out on Bright Storm Check out on Edx.com Read and Learn More about on BIGTHINK Get more Details about  Bachelor's Degree Courses Here. These Course contents belong to HEC outline for this specific Subject. If you have any further inquiries, Please Contact US for details via mail. All the data is extracted from HEC official website. The basic purpose for this to find all course subjects data on one page. Read the full article

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DBMS in Hindi - Specialization

DBMS in Hindi – Specialization

specialization in dbms, specialization kya hai, dbms specialization in hindi

DBMS Specialization in Hindi

specialization एक top-down दृष्टिकोण है, और यह generalization के विपरीत है। specialization में, एक higher level की इकाई को दो lower level की entities में तोड़ा जा सकता है।

specialization का उपयोग एक इकाई set के subset की पहचान करने के लिए किया जाता है जो कुछ विशिष्ठ विशेषताओ को साझा करता है।

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DBMS in Hindi - Generalization

DBMS in Hindi – Generalization

Generalization in hindi, generalization kya hoti hai, dbms generalization in hindi, generalization kya hai,

DBMS Generalization in Hindi

generalization एक bottom-up approach की तरह है जिसमें lower level की दो या दो से अधिक इकाइयां higher level की इकाई बनाने के लिए combine होती हैं यदि उनमें कुछ सामान्य विशेषताएँ हैं।

generalization में, higher level की एक इकाई भी lower level की entities  के साथ…