#temperature 0.5

[narikill]

sometimes i wonder why our normal body temperature is 35.5°C and then i go ah. anemia. right

[digital-grim]

Ever wondered what this image means? Or just curious about the layers of skin on your body? And to make it worth your while I'll cover how to treat the wounds

First we have the epidermis which is also known as the 'Cat Scratch' layer. The Epidermis is also the outer Barrier which is the outermost layer of the skin. It acts as the body’s first line of defense against bacteria, viruses, UV rays, and dehydration.

Some key features of this layer are: made of stratified squamous epithelium, Avascular, (contains no blood vessels) Constantly regenerates every 28-40 days, Composed of five sublayers (from deepest to outermost): Stratum basale – where new skin cells are produced.

Stratum spinosum – strengthens skin through keratin production.

Stratum granulosum – cells start to die, forming a waterproof barrier.

Stratum lucidum – found only in thick skin (palms, soles).

Stratum corneum – layers of dead keratinized cells.

And finally the important cells of this layer: Keratinocytes (produce keratin)

Melanocytes (produce melanin for pigment)

Langerhans cells (immune response)

Merkel cells (touch sensation)

Next we have The Dermis also known as the Styro/foam layer

Beneath the epidermis lies the dermis, a thicker layer that provides strength and elasticity.

The structure of this layer is divided up into two regions: Papillary layer (upper): loose connective tissue, capillaries, and sensory neurons, and the Reticular layer (lower): dense connective tissue, collagen, and elastin fibers.

The function for these two layers Houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and nerve endings. Thermoregulation, sensation, and wound healing happen here.

Now we have the 'Beans' layer which is called The Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer) The hypodermis, also known as the subcutaneous tissue, is the innermost layer of the skin, which is made of loose connective tissue and fat cells (adipocytes).

The functions of this layer Insulates the body and maintains core temperature, Cushions internal organs, Stores energy as fat, Connects skin to underlying muscles and bones.

Fun Fact:

The thickness of skin varies depending on the location—it's thickest on the palms and soles (up to 4 mm) and thinnest on the eyelids (around 0.5 mm).

Finally the Laffy Taffy and bedrock layers are simply muscle and bone. Now I'm going to move on to what everyone is waiting for and that is

what happens when each layer is cut and how to treat the wound

Cut to the Epidermis (Superficial Wound)

➤ What Happens:

Only the top layer of skin is damaged. Minimal bleeding or none at all. May sting or look red. Example: light scratch, razor nick.

➤ Healing & Treatment:

The body quickly begins regeneration of skin cells from the stratum basale.

Usually heals in 3–7 days without scarring.

Clean the area, apply antibiotic ointment, and bandage if needed.

Cut to the Dermis (Partial-Thickness Wound)

➤ What Happens: Bleeding occurs due to blood vessels in the dermis. Pain, redness, and inflammation. Possible exposure of nerve endings, causing sensitivity.

Example: deeper knife cuts, second-degree burns.

➤ Healing & Treatment:

May take 1–3 weeks depending on depth.

Wound must be kept clean and moist to prevent infection.

May require stitches, antibiotics, and regular dressing changes.

Skin may scar depending on healing and depth.

Cut to the Hypodermis (Full-Thickness Wound)

➤ What Happens: Deep wound cuts through all skin layers. Exposure of fat tissue; bleeding can be profuse. Risk of infection is higher.

Example: puncture wounds, lacerations, animal bites.

➤ Healing & Treatment:

Professional medical attention required.

Usually needs stitches or even surgical intervention.

May require tetanus shot or oral antibiotics.

Heals slower, and scarring is likely.

Cut into Muscle Tissue

➤ What Happens: Muscle fibers are damaged—can cause weakness, limited mobility, or muscle spasms.Deep bleeding, swelling, bruising.Risk of nerve or tendon damage if injury is severe.

➤ Healing & Treatment:

Requires stitches or even surgical repair if muscle is torn.

Long healing period (weeks to months).

May involve physical therapy to regain strength and function.

Pain management with medication.

Injury to the Bone (Open or Compound Fracture)

➤ What Happens: Bone is fractured and exposed through the skin. Extreme pain, bleeding, and high risk of infection. Can damage surrounding nerves, muscles, and vessels.

➤ Healing & Treatment:

Emergency medical care is critical.

Often requires surgery, including:

Bone realignment (reduction)

Metal rods, plates, or screws (internal fixation)

Antibiotics, wound care, and immobilization (cast or brace).

Healing may take 6–12 weeks or longer.

My final notes:

Always seek medical attention for deep wounds, uncontrollable bleeding, or exposed tissue.

Proper wound care prevents infection and supports faster recovery.

Healing varies based on age, health, nutrition, and injury type.

And always remember to take proper care of yourself <3

[reasonsforhope]

"A recent World Meteorological Organization report called heat waves the “deadliest meteorological hazard” from 2015 to 2019, affecting people living on all continents, and setting new national heat records in many regions.

‍Canada’s top weather event in 2021 was British Columbia’s record-breaking heat, according to Environment and Climate Change Canada. The temperature in Lytton, B.C., hit 49.6 C on June 29. The following day a wildfire destroyed 90 per cent of the town, killing two people and displacing 1,200 others.

Heat waves also exacerbate existing health issues, including cardiovascular and respiratory disease. They��re associated with increased hospital admissions, psychological stress and aggressive behavior, as well as excess mortality.

During heat waves, the highest temperatures are often found in urbanized areas. Urbanization is almost always associated with an increase in paved, impervious areas, and often a decrease in greenery. Concrete and asphalt roads, and other built materials readily absorb, store and release heat, raising city temperatures, a phenomenon called the urban heat island.

Many studies have shown that urban forests can reduce the urban heat island, and many policies focus their attention on large green spaces.

Small green spaces, such as yards, rooftops and small parcels of undeveloped land, can make impressive contributions to lowering urban heat, but they are often overlooked when developing strategies for urban cooling.

The effect of small green spaces

Cities rarely have the opportunity to add large green spaces to help counter the effects of heatwaves. Smaller vegetated spaces, however, can still meaningfully decrease local land temperatures.

Small green spaces, such as yards, rooftops and small parcels of undeveloped land, can make impressive contributions to lowering urban heat, but they are often overlooked when developing strategies for urban cooling.

A recent study in Adelaide, Australia, found that tree canopy cover and, to a lesser extent, grass cover decreased local daytime surface temperatures by up to 6 C during extreme summer heat conditions. Further inland, suburban yards and gardens can decrease local surface temperatures up to 5 C.

At a quite small scale, on the order of tens of square metres, trees reduced daytime surface temperatures twice as much as grass cover. But grass and other small, low-lying plants, grow relatively quickly, compared to trees.

Cities should adopt short-term and long-term strategies to respond to extreme heat, including the replacement of paved and impervious surfaces with grasses and turf, and increasing tree plantings to boost canopy coverage.

Amplifying the cooling effect

Furthermore, when managing small green spaces, city planners and foresters can select tree species based on their ability to cool the environment. Green spaces with a high diversity of tree species have a greater cooling effect in spring, summer and fall. They also have a larger maximum drop in temperature in the summer, compared to spaces that are less diverse.

For example, tree canopies with large leaves and high transpiration rates — the evaporation of water from plants occurring at the leaves — could provide more cooling.

Planting a variety of species, of different heights, can have a larger cooling effect than tall trees alone.

The structure of green space may also influence its cooling efficiency. In summer, a plant community with multiple layers of trees, shrubs and herbs can further decrease air temperature by 1 C on a sunny day and 0.5 C on a cloudy day, compared with an area only dominated by tall trees...

But overall, trees usually have a stronger effect on cooling than grass. Planting trees in groups, not individually or in lines, is recommended for regulating the microclimate (local climate conditions near the Earth’s surface).

Small green spaces can offer a lot of summer cooling in cities. And cities can learn to manage the configuration of small green spaces better to get more cooling benefits and minimize the trade-offs."

-via GoodGoodGood, July 4, 2024

[amnhnyc]

Meet the sand cat (Felis margarita). This small, solitary feline inhabits arid regions—including Africa’s Sahara Desert and parts of Asia. Built for desert life, the thick soles of this cat’s paws allow it to walk on scorching sand during the day and cold sand at night. In parts of its range, daytime temperatures can soar up to 124° Fahrenheit (51° C) and then plummet to 31° Fahrenheit (-0.5° C) by night. The sand cat is also a “fearless snake hunter” known to pursue snakes (even venomous vipers) for a meal.

Photo: Cloudtail the Snow Leopard, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0, flickr

[wcters]

MATT WITH A GIRLFRIEND WHO NAPS ALL THE TIME

pairing: matthew sturniolo x fem!reader

summary: matt with a girlfriend who is obsessed with naps/naps all the time

warnings/contents: none

author’s note: will probably be shorter than the last one 🤍 sorry, self indulgent

- you need coffee all the time

- or just any caffeine

- always nursing a red bull or iced coffee

- probably stopped working to keep you awake after awhile but you gaslight yourself into thinking it does

- you have woken up in matt’s bed with chris beside matt who’s beside you

- like hello? when did you show up and it’s too squished

- slipper socks . . . you have cold feet a lot

- you force matt to take his shoes off if he’s going on the bed. no matte how clean they are

- will not let him leave your naps

- have your own pillow and pillowcase at his house

- always have bags under your eyes

- sometimes you can’t sleep without matt

- like you have to be touching him somehow: legs tangled up, hand holding, something

- have a playlist of just phoebe bridgers songs to fall asleep to (same)

- love stealing and sleeping in his boxers and his shirts

- you’re one of those girls who will just wear shorts and a shirt but refuse to put anything else on if you get cold

- you’ll either cuddle up to matt or get more blankets

- MELATONIN GUMMIES

- you take em’ if you are just not falling asleep cause that happens

- have definitely fallen asleep in matt’s lap or something while he’s playing video games and he doesn’t have the heart to wake you up or tell you you’re in the way

- like that feeling when you have to get up when you have a cat in your lap

- sleep in a starfish position unless matt’s there

- nick, chris, and matt have so many 0.5’s of you sleeping

- #mouthbreather

- you’ve almost fallen asleep while you’re out for dinner

- have a shirt/sweater that says ‘i’m tired but i’m being brave about it’

- fall asleep to true crime

- talk about the most confusing and existential stuff and then fall asleep like nothing

- people complain you sleep too much? your just a girl 🎀

- when someone asks you to hang and and you say your busy your probably just taking a nap

- you and matt are always down for a nap

- you’re a sleepy couple

- you will set like 10 alarms to wake you up because you’ll either snooze them or sleep through them

- you always have cold water and chapstick near you when you’re napping/sleeping

- soooo delirious when you first wake up

- you prefer the room or wherever you’re having a nap to be cold

- not like freezing but under the temperature you’d usually have the house/apartment

- sleep focus? 🔛 no one is getting to you unless it’s an emergency

- you’ll text everyone who might try to reach you

- ‘i am having a nap, will not answer for anything cause i’ll be asleep 😌😌’

- matt has gifted toy essential oils or bath salts to help you sleep

- christmas morning with you SUCKS and you admit that. you hate waking up early

- matt will have to drag you out of the room

- all pissed at him and everyone else until you get your gifts or go back to sleep

- fall asleep during movie nights

- you can sleep anywhere and will

- the triplets will get home from somewhere and you’re just on the couch or sitting at their dining room table asleep

- if you don’t want up, matt will just pick you up and carry you to your room

- you’ve dropped your phone on your face before cause you fell asleep watching it

- you won’t admit it out loud . . . but you love asmr

- have a playlist of your favourites

- passenger princess, sleeper edition!

- has a headrest pillow you bought

- blanket ready to go and chair laid back if no one’s behind it

- matt draws shapes on your back

- will nap with best friends

- talk and talk and let everyone know how much you love naps

[uncharismatic-fauna]

The Novel Norway Lobster

Nephrops norvegicus, better known as the Norway lobster, the Dublin Bay lobster, or in its culinary form as langoustine or scampi, is a small lobster found all along the European coast in the Atlantic ocean, from Norway and Iceland to Portugal, as well as the Adriatic Sea. They reside in muddy seabeds at up to 800 m (0.5 mi) below the surface.

Norway lobsters spend most of their time digging, maintaining, and hiding in their burrows, which are built about 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 in) deep in the mud. When they do leave their burrows, it is only to forage or mate. Like many lobsters, N. norvegicus is an omnivore; they feed on anything they can find, including carrion, worms, fish, jellyfish, and other crustaceans. Predators include larger crustaceans, such as shore crabs, cod, stingrays, and small spotted catsharks.

The breeding period for Dublin Bay lobsters depends on the population's location and the temperature of the water, but generally takes place in late winter or spring. Females typically mate with 2-3 males, and carries 1000-5000 eggs under her tail for 8 to 9 months. After hatching, the planktonic larvae drift through the ocean for about two months, during which time they rise to the surface at night and descend to the ocean floor during the day. After settling on the bottom, juveniles undergo a molt before becoming fully mature. Afterwards, adults typically undergo 1-2 molts every year, and can live up to 10 years in the wild.

N. norvegicus is typically pink or orange in color, with a white underbelly and a darker stripe along the upper part of the claw. Adults can reach up to 20 cm (8 in) in length including the claws, which can comprise up to half that length. Its large eyes are exceptionally sensitive to light, and Norway lobsters are rarely seen during the daytime.

Conservation status: The Dublin Bay lobster is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. It is commonly harvested for food, and populations are monitored closely.

Photos

Sue Scott

Institute of Marine Research

Hans Hillewaert

[arahdow]

I GROOM YOU

Pairing. Shadow x reader

Content. fem cat mobian!reader. tooth rooting fluff.

Word count. 0.5 k

A/N. I really loved writing this!!! Thank you so much for that anon who requested this 💜 As always, Shadow is way too ooc but that’s the catch JSJDJSJ having him all lovey dovey !! anywaaaay hope you enjoy!!

+ i apologize for the gif’s quality JDJFJSJ

“You’re heavy.” 

“Mhm…” 

And the weather wasn’t helping. The island was almost buried in snow, the little snowflakes falling non stop all day, so the temperature stayed stable: 7°F. In short, it was freezing outside. 

Being outdoors wasn’t even an option, not even if they both had a date planned. It was their celebration of being four months into the relationship and Shadow planned a special date, but it was everyone’s surprise when it started snowing out of nowhere, and now he and his partner were locked inside their home.

“Scoot closer, love.” He said, as the girl followed his words.

They were changing positions every few minutes, both scrolling through their phones and showing each other funny pictures or videos. 

Shadow felt content anytime his cat girlfriend purred on him, her little vibrations filling his heart with warmth. Smiling a bit at the sensation, the man put a hand on her head, patting softly. 

The girl, looking up at him, stared into his eyes and kissed him softly on the lips, letting her phone slip from her hand to the bed, she started kissing his jaw and neck, Shadow’s deep chuckles resonated on his chest, making her purr even louder with contempt. 

Smiling at his reaction, she started licking his neck, grooming his fur, her hands placed on his chest as she kept on grooming his shoulder. Shadow stared down at her, his eyes snapping wide as he realized she was grooming him. He knew, as a cat, she had different tendencies from him as a hedgehog, but he had never got to experience her love this way. Smiling at the view, he let her be.

After a few moments, the girl soon realized what she was doing. “Ah!” she exclaimed mid lick, her eyes looking at his, her tongue still stuck into his fur. Separating awkwardly from him, she cleared her throat, sitting in front of him. “Sorry I… I did it unconsciously.”

The black hedgehog laid on his elbows, waiting for her to keep talking but she kept silent, fidgeting with her fingers. He smiled and took her hands in one of his. 

“I’m not disgusted or anything, love, if anything I was enjoying it!” He said pulling her again towards his chest. 

And reality was that, back in the day when the girl lived with her family and more cat mobian’s, they all showed their affection by grooming, even in between friends, but most specially, to partners. It depended on the place they groomed: Top of the head and cheeks were usually groomed by parents, hands and arms by friends and neck, chest and stomach by partners. When a cat found their partner, it was common for them to groom each other as a signal of compromise, but she was too scared to let Shadow know that. What if he found her weird or disgusting? Or maybe he rejected her grooming? She couldn't fathom the possibility.

But now she kicked herself because, why did she doubt him in the first place? 

Deep in her thoughts, Shadow brought her back to life with a kiss on the back of her hand. The girl looked at him, a smile growing on her lips as she hugged the hedgehog with enthusiasm.

“So, can I finish grooming you?” She asked, hopeful.

“Please do, love.”

[milk-bby]

For a fic request could you do fluff with alanas? Pretty please and thank yous 🫶🫶 and I live ur work🫶

Melted hearts.

Alanas Brasas x reader

Wordcount: 1.0k

Warnings; fluff. so many pop-culture refrences. marvel slander (my bad chat). not beta read as i started writing at 10pm. Established relationship (can you guys tell i like this trope yet.)

A/n: THANK YOU ANON!! MY SECOND ALANAS FIC YAYY!! I hope you all like this one as much as the last one, because i enjoyed writing this one too. also i like his nose in that first pic so pretty. Fun fact: I called my friend's (@xbugs) planet zoo anteaters "Sigmund" and "Freud".

ENJOY!!

“Can I help you?”

Alanas looks at you suspiciously as you stand in the doorway of the living room, a bowl of chopped mango in your hand. Slowly, you pad over, setting it on the coffee table. 

“.... i’m cold.” You mutter, dressed in his shirt and some tights. Without a word you sit next to him, lips staying pin straight, but your eyes glinting with a mischievous hint behind the irises he adores. 

“You can put the hea- … no. no, you wouldn’t.”

You only grin wider, quick to move. He squirms before letting out an uncharacteristic squawk as you lay your frigid hands under his hoodie and onto his bare stomach. You cackle evilly, as if this was a huge betrayal scene in the millionth marvel movie that has the exact plot every time. 

When he finally adjusts to the temperature of your hands, he lets out a shuddering breath, giving you a disapproving glance with a slight pout that only you would notice. 

“You’re evil. So so evil.”

You don’t even move to deny such a claim, taking your hands out of his hoodie for now, going back to your fruit. You savour a cube of the juicy fruit that you dressed with a small bit of syrup. From your peripherals, you can see him slowly creep his hands towards your bowl. You only give him a side glance, frozen in place as you see his fingers grasp onto a big piece of the mango. If he didn’t want his phone to become sticky, you just know that you would have the most diabolical 0.5 taken of you with your cheeks half-full like a hamster suspicious of its owner’s hand changing the water bottle.

“... Not even a thank you? His greed sickens me.”

He laughs at your jab, getting out an “ačiū” before pressing a soft kiss to your temple. You slightly grimace at the sticky residue now on your skin from his lips, but he only grins back as if this was payback doubly for the sin of touching him with cold hands. You believe he much prefers them warm, engulfed in his during any activity. 

“You’re a thief.” He mutters suddenly.

“Oh for stealing your heart? Har har.” You wittily respond, almost expecting him to use a shitty one-liner that only ever works in a rom-com with too many sex scenes and no character development. Instead you get the opposite of what you expected.

“Sure, but that’s not your shirt. Or your mango.”

You stare at him blankly.

“...”

“...”

He stares back, just as playful as you are.

“Is this a ploy? I’m not falling for it.”

“Tt. I’m not an animal, you know… Except when I shred that guitar.”

Another silence runs between you from such a confident line you’d hear in a DisneyXD show or even in a series with the same quality writing as Miraculous Ladybug.

“I’m sorry.” He finally gets out with another tug at his lips.

“There’s no way you’re laughing at your own joke, man, what the hell. I felt like that one Gnomeo and Juliet clip of the frog dying from cringe.”

“It’s not a crime.”

“You’re making a good case for it to be a crime.”

“Wow.”

You both crack, leaning against each other as both of your laughter fills the room. The sound of joy being common between you both but it never changes. Even when your laugh lasts slightly longer than his does, Alanas doesn’t move to wrap up the joke, instead just looking at you like you’ve hung the stars all by yourself. He holds the same adoration in his gaze as if you had struck his heart with a million different chords that he can construct on each fret of the guitar, the stake of a muse piercing the muscle bluntly enough to rewrite how he loves you with the same result every time. That result will always be you in his arms after the sun descends. 

It will always be you stealing his shirts and the fruit that he had planned to eat but never will. It will always be coming home from uni to find you trying to position your fingers correctly to make a chord on his guitar. 

It will always be you to him, even if you give him a right jolt with hands colder than the melting ice caps.

Your laughter had ended a while ago by now, just staring back at him with the same starry eyes that makes him question if he really deserves the beauty and grace of your love (of which your answer has always been a yes, “what would i do without you?” and a kiss pressed to his lips).

Your lips both meet in the middle, locking together sweetly. You can taste the mango piece he stole from your bowl on his lips still, making you grin like an idiot into his lips. He can only reciprocate that energy with a small humoured huff into your lips, teeth lightly catching your bottom lip as you pull away. 

“Are you still cold?” He whispers against your lips, assuming you have in fact warmed up from all the laughing, his touch and the kiss. He expects a no, despite the fact that he knows you’ll find an excuse to touch him more, to feel your skin on his, heartbeat to heartbeat slowly syncing. 

Predictably, you nod, abandoning the mango to cosy up to him. Alanas raises his eyebrow as you start to lift the edge of his hoodie. With the same deviousness as before, you settle yourself into his hoodie, snuggled under the now stretching fabric. You can feel his heartbeat against your chest, already slowing to match yours.

“Hi. This is… drastic, isn’t it sweetheart?”

“Maybe. But you’re warm. Can you blame me?”

“I guess not.”

[anarchistettin]

The graph below, created by Hausfather, a researcher at the climate group Berkeley Earth, shows temperature anomalies, meaning how high each month was above a historical average baseline temperature. Each multicolored line represents a previous year, color coded by decade. (The 1990s, for example, are the lines in yellow.) The solid black line is 2023, and it has been soaring above the others since May. It stops in the month of September, which beat the prior monthly record by more than 0.5° Celsius.

[lifewithchronicpain]

I converted Fahrenheit to Celsius and rounded up to the first decimal place. That's why Celsius is not a perfect seamless range, but hey didn't have to do that and it was more work so it is what it is.

Please reblog for larger sample size. C:

[literaryvein-reblogs]

Writing Notes: Hypothermia

Hypothermia - A potentially fatal condition; occurs when body temperature falls below 95°F (35°C).

The danger signs include:

intense shivering;

stiffness and numbness in the arms and legs;

stumbling and clumsiness;

sleepiness, confusion, disorientation, amnesia, and irrational behavior; and

difficulty speaking.

The signs and symptoms of hypothermia follow a typical course, though the body temperatures at which they occur vary from person to person depending on age, health, and other factors.

The impact of hypothermia on the nervous system often becomes apparent quite early. Coordination, for instance, may begin to suffer as soon as body temperature reaches 95°F (35°C).

The early signs of hypothermia also include cold and pale skin and intense shivering; the latter stops between 90°F (32.2°C) and 86°F (30°C).

As body temperature continues to fall:

speech becomes slurred,

the muscles go rigid, and

the victim becomes disoriented and experiences eyesight problems.

Other harmful consequences include:

Dehydration

Liver and kidney failure

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure rise during the first stages of hypothermia, but fall once the 90°F (32.2°C) mark is passed.

Below 86°F (30°C) most victims are comatose, and

below 82°F (27.8°C) the heart’s rhythm becomes dangerously disordered.

However, even at very low body temperatures, people can survive for several hours and be successfully revived, though they may appear to be dead.

TREATMENT

Until emergency help arrives, a victim of outdoor hypothermia should be brought to shelter and warmed by:

removing wet clothing and footwear,

drying the skin, and

wrapping him or her in warm blankets or a sleeping bag.

Gentle handling is necessary when moving the victim to avoid disturbing the heart.

Rubbing the skin or giving the victim alcohol can be harmful.

Warm drinks such as clear soup and tea are recommended for those who can swallow.

Anyone who aids a victim of hypothermia should also look for signs of frostbite and be aware that attempting to rewarm a frostbitten area of the body before emergency help arrives can be extremely dangerous. For this reason, frostbitten areas must be kept away from heat sources such as campfires and car heaters.

Rewarming is the essence of hospital treatment for hypothermia.

How rewarming proceeds depends on the body temperature.

Other considerations, such as the patient’s age or the condition of the heart, can influence treatment choices.

Different approaches are used for patients who are:

mildly hypothermic (the patient’s body temperature is 90–95°F [32.2–35°C]),

moderately hypothermic (86–90°F [30–32.2°C]), or

severely hypothermic (less than 86°F [30°C]).

Mild Hypothermia

Reversed with passive rewarming.

This technique relies on the patient’s own metabolism to rewarm the body.

Once wet clothing is removed and the skin is dried, the patient is covered with blankets and placed in a warmroom.

The goal is to raise the patient’s temperature by 0.9–3.6°F (0.5–2°C) an hour.

Moderate Hypothermia

Often treated first with active external rewarming and then with passive rewarming.

Active external rewarming - applying heat to the skin (e.g., by placing the patient in a warm bath or wrapping the patient in electric heating blankets).

Severe Hypothermia

Requires active internal rewarming, which is recommended for some cases of moderate hypothermia as well.

There are several types of active internal rewarming:

Cardiopulmonary bypass - the patient’s blood is circulated through a rewarming device and then returned to the body, is considered the best, and can raise body temperature by 1.8–3.6°F (1–2°C) every 3–5 minutes. However, many hospitals are not equipped to offer this treatment. The alternative is to:

Introduce warm oxygen or fluids into the body.

Hypothermia treatment can also include, among other things:

insulin,

antibiotics, and

fluid replacement therapy.

When the heart has stopped, both cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and rewarming are necessary. Once a patient’s condition has stabilized, he or she may need treatment for an underlying problem such as alcoholism or thyroid disease.

Source ⚜ More: Notes & References ⚜ Writing Realistic Injuries

[i-miss-2013]

I would love an idea for a 2014 tumblr filter through some app, VSCO maybe

2014 travel VSCO filter ♡

Feel free to check out my master list of filters here! 💗

Filter: T1: 10

Exposure: +1.5

Contrast: -1.0

Temperature: +1.0

Tint: +0.5

Skin tone: +0.5

(Optional) Fade: +2.0

* You can adjust these settings to your liking!

💋 Taglisters: @2543jj @lou007sstuff @cottoncandywhispers @bambibabydoll123

[bestanimal]

Round 1 - Phylum Tardigrada

(Source - 1, 2, 3, 4)

The phylum Tardigrada comprises eight-legged, segmented, microscopic animals commonly known as Water Bears or Moss Piglets.

Tardigrades have been found in many different ecosystems, from mountaintops to the deep sea to the Antarctic. They are known for their extreme resilience, being able to survive extreme temperatures and pressures, air deprivation, radiation, dehydration, starvation, and even exposure to outer space. However, they prefer to just live in mosses, lichens, and sediments, munching away on plant cells, algae, bacteria, or small invertebrates (including smaller tardigrade species; that’s not cannibalism btw, plenty of chordates eat other chordate species!) They are not considered extremophiles though, as they are not adapted to exploit extreme environments, only to endure them. They do this by going dormant in harsh environments, for up to 30 years, only to rehydrate and continue living when conditions are safer!

Tardigrades are usually about 0.5 mm long when fully grown, with the largest species reaching up to 1.5 mm. They are short and plump, with barrel-shaped bodies and eight legs, each ending in claws or suction disks. Their backwards-facing hind legs allow them to move in reverse when needed. Like arthropods, they have a cuticle exoskeleton which needs to be molted as the animal grows. They feed using a pair of stylets within their tubular mouth, which they use to pierce their food and suck out the contents. These stylets are lost when the tardigrade molts, so they must secrete a new pair each molt. Some species only defecate when they molt, leaving behind both feces and a shed exoskeleton. They have a large brain for their size, and sense the world via sensory bristles, and some species also have pigment-cup eyes. There are both males and females, with females being larger and more common. Males will gather around a female to court her. Most species have external fertilization, with eggs being laid within a shed cuticle by the female and then fertilized by the male. They can live from several months up to two years, depending on species.

There are two main groups of tardigrades, the Eutardigrades which are the more chubby, suction-cup-fingered ones and the Heterotardigrades, which are the armoured, clawed ones. The oldest known modern tardigrades have been found in Cretaceous amber, but their phylum likely emerged in the Cambrian.

Propaganda under the cut:

I mean… they’re freakin tardigrades. They’re cute. They look like mini Catbusses. This is probably the only microscopic animal for which this many plush toys exist.

“Tardigrada” means “slow steppers”

One species, Echiniscoides wyethi, lives on barnacles.

Tardigrades are relatively common and easy to see with a microscope, making them good subjects for budding microbiologists to study. They can also be kept as pets on a piece of moss, regularly checked via microscope.

They don’t actually like all the extreme environment stuff. Stop putting them in space. Let them chill.

[gallifreyinstituteforlearning]

⚕️Gallifreyan Healing Coma Management

Your Gallifreyan is sleeping and not dead.

✨ What is a Healing Coma?

A healing coma is a physiological state unique to Gallifreyans wherein the body enters full stasis to direct all metabolic and regenerative resources toward healing. It's an evolved response to catastrophic injury, post-regenerative instability, or systemic failure. While it can appear life-threatening to outsiders, it's an entirely natural part of Gallifreyan biology.

🧠 When to Suspect a Healing Coma

A healing coma should be suspected only when multiple signs align, and never presumed lightly. These patients often appear dead to the untrained eye, with reduced or absent vital signs.

Key Indicators:

Recent severe injury, illness, or regeneration.

No visible glow (regenerative energy not active).

Extremely low vital signs, including: - Respiration <3/min - Combined hearts rate <10 bpm - Body temperature <5°C / 41°F - Systolic BP <20 mmHg

Unresponsiveness to all stimuli except occasional involuntary responses to high pain or telepathic signals.

Brain electrical activity is present but minimal.

TARDIS link unaffected (if applicable).

Refer to the Healing Coma Checklist in GASS. If 8 or more criteria are met, proceed with coma care.

📋 Initial Assessment

🔎 Clinical Differentiation

Before declaring a healing coma, rule out the following:

Respiratory bypass

Psionic shutdown

Induced stasis (voluntary)

Cardiac arrest (refer to CPR guide)

Anaphylaxis, toxic shock, or sepsis (see SER protocol)

If in doubt, initiate full GASS and ABCDE-P assessments.

🛑 Do Not Intervene If Healing Coma is Confirmed

Once a healing coma is confirmed:

🚫 Do not initiate CPR. 🚫 Do not forcefully rouse the patient. 🚫 Do not stimulate them verbally, telepathically, or physically.

Premature arousal can cause:

Cerebral damage

Systemic collapse

🛠️ Supportive Management

While the patient is in a healing coma, your job is to stabilise the environment, monitor, and prevent external harm.

1. 🌡️ Environment

Keep ambient temperature stable at 17°C (±0.5°C).

Reduce noise/light stimuli.

Do not allow contact with strong psionic fields.

2. 🛏️ Positioning

Flat or semi-recumbent.

Maintain cervical spine neutrality if trauma suspected.

Use a padded surface to avoid pressure injury.

3. 🧪 Ongoing Monitoring

GASS scores every 30 minutes for the first 6 hours, then hourly.

Monitor for: - Returning vital signs - Early signs of waking (twitches, murmuring) - Glitches in psionic output (may indicate instability or pain)

4. 🧬 Psionic Stability

If linked to a TARDIS, monitor the ship's response; it often reflects patient status.

Avoid telepathic interference unless absolutely necessary.

If psionic storm or uncontrolled feedback occurs, apply psychic dampening fields.

💊 Pain Management Considerations

While healing comas reduce pain perception significantly, residual pain may trigger premature arousal.

Do not use aspirin under any circumstances.

If pre-coma pain was extreme, ensure: - Environmental calm - Symbiotic contact (if possible) - Low-dose sedatives if awakening occurs in distress (Gallifreyan-only)

🚨 When to Escalate

Immediate intervention is required if:

Vitals drop below even healing coma thresholds (i.e., no BP or respiration at all)

Signs of regenerative instability appear (glow misfires)

The coma persists beyond 72 hours without improvement or explanation

New trauma or infection is introduced

📍Key Takeaways

✔️ Healing comas are normal (if dramatic) Gallifreyan responses to severe physiological strain.

✔️ Do not intervene once confirmed. Provide supportive care only.

✔️ Environmental control, GASS reassessments, and TARDIS monitoring are your best tools.

✔️ If you're ever in doubt—call a hospitaller. Or get the TARDIS. Or, ideally, both.

Medical Guides These are all practical guides to assessing and treating a Gallifreyan in an emergency or medical setting.

⚕️💕Gallifreyan CPR

⚕️👽Gallifreyan Assessment Scoring System (GASS)

⚕️👽ABCDE Assessment

⚕️⚠️Sepsis Emergency Response (SER)

⚕️⚠️Severe Trauma Protocol

⚕️🌡️Gallifreyan Thermoregulation and Emergency Response

⚕️🔮Psionic Emergency Pathways

⚕️✨Post-Regeneration Management

⚕️💤Gallifreyan Healing Coma Management

⚕️🩸Interpreting Gallifreyan Bloodwork

⚕️👶Gallifreyan Paediatric Emergencies

Any orange text is educated guesswork or theoretical. More content ... →📫Got a question? | 📚Complete list of Q+A and factoids →📢Announcements |🩻Biology |🗨️Language |🕰️Throwbacks |🤓Facts → Features:⭐Guest Posts | 🍜Chomp Chomp with Myishu →🫀Gallifreyan Anatomy and Physiology Guide (pending) →⚕️Gallifreyan Emergency Medicine Guides →📝Source list (WIP) →📜Masterpost If you're finding your happy place in this part of the internet, feel free to buy a coffee to help keep our exhausted human conscious. She works full-time in medicine and is so very tired 😴

[moomoog017]

fics ᯓᡣ𐭩 the rolling of the ball ꔛ✿

The Bad Batch x Maid! FEM Reader

Synopsis: As you enter the ball with the Bad Batch, all the brothers show you affection in their own ways.

Genre: Fluff, a bit suggestive

Word Count: 3,117 (omg)

Warnings: fluff, suggestive flirting, creepy dude (he doesn't do anything)

A/N: This is literally gonna be a whole series of oneshots I LOVE THIS IDEA. It's finally here in all of it's glory enjoy!

・・・

No. 0.5: Of 'The Brothers'

The Brothers - Royal Bad Batch x Maid FEM!Reader || Fluff, spicy

(Story Masterlist)

Stepping inside, the bustling noise of various guests laughing and conversing made your eyes widened. This was definitely out of your realm but you took a deep breath, the next thing that hit your senses was the strong smell of perfumes; some were fruity, some were earthy but they all smelled bad to you…Everyone else had stepped forward but you were left slightly further back. Hunter looked behind him and the look of empathy graced his tanned skin.

The two of you met eyes and a small smile pulled at the corner of his lips. “Hey, how are you feeling?” Your face became a mix of uncertainty and Hunter understood. He stepped back to you and gently put his calloused hand on your arm, “I get it; don’t hesitate to ask me if you wanna head outside for some fresh air alright?” His voice filled you with warmth and care, and you nodded. “Thank you Hunter,” he nodded back and released your arm, you then stepped forward with the man. He turned to you and Omega, “alright off you two go, I need to discuss business.”

You then looked down at Omega and she wiggled her eyebrows at you. “Don’t even,” you warned snickering. She laughed, “Let's find the hors d'oeuvres table.” She had a mischievous grin on her face as she took your hand, “you know me so well Omega.” You two hurried to the table covered in rich silk littered with various foods both sweet and salty.

Unsurprisingly Wrecker was already there, piling food into his mouth. Echo stood beside him with a disgusted face as he watched the horror in front of him. Omega chuckled and smelled the food, “oh this looks delicious!” You had also come up further inspecting the food. Wrecker then looked to you, “yeah it’s ok but Y/n could do so much better.” You smiled at the large man as he smirked at you. “Thanks Wrecker,” you spoke with sincerity. He responded, “no problem sweetheart.”

Your temperature rose hearing his words, in an attempt to hide your embarrassment you took a small hors d'oeuvre in your mouth. Echo and Omega were talking, Echo probably lecturing her on proper eating etiquette since she was still quite new to all of this.

Wrecker looked over to you once more, taking a few steps closer. “So which one’s your favorite?” You took a napkin dapping it onto your soft lips, “this one is super good.” Wrecker smiled slightly leaning against the wooden table. “Oh yeah?” He had a glimmer in his eye and you raised your eyebrows. Wrecker reached over taking the food you gestured to and brought it up to your mouth. “Open wide sweetheart,” he was now pretty close to you and you could feel him disturbing the fabric of your poofy dress.

Your eyes widened and you hesitantly leaned in closer to take the food gently from his rough but tender fingers. Closing your eyes momentarily as the hors d'oeuvre pressed against your tongue and the feeling of Wreckers fingers brushed the bottom of your lip almost sensually. As you chewed you turned your head embarrassed trying to enjoy the food but your ears became warm as Wrecker looked at you through half-lidded lashes. “Does that taste good sweetheart?” His words teasing you, as you swallowed you nodded slowly. “Yes Wrecker even better than the first time,” you attempted to tease back.

Wrecker still stood close to you and you had to move away before you started to fidget the fabric of your dress. In an awkward chuckle you brushed a piece of loose hair from your temple. “Good,” Wrecker said, pleased now, eating his own hors d'oeuvre. It looked like he was going to speak again but was interrupted by the sudden music that echoed throughout the hall. Omega and Echo were also curious as to where the noise came from and the piano began to play.

It was soft and calm as the keys were lightly pressed. Echo then got an idea, he walked up to you offering his hand to you. “Hey Omega let’s hit the floor!” Wrecker spoke offering his hand to Omega, she took it and off they went. Echo looked back to you, “and what do you say mesh’la?” Echo titled his head, hand still outstretched to you.

“Echo, I've never danced before…” You said rubbing your arm. He gently took your hand, “just follow my lead, you’ll be safe with me.” How could you resist Echo when he’d asked so nicely. “Fine…” With your consent, Echo ushered you to the dance floor and found a less crowded spot. He placed his scomp on your waist and took your hand in his. “Don't worry this is a slow dance,” his voice filled with care, making sure you were comfortable.

You nodded and put your hand on his shoulder. “We’ll take it slow,” the music began to pick up as it finished the overture. The violin and piano played beautifully and it calmed you, your shoulders and body began to relax as you looked into Echo’s delicately faded brown eyes. Your bodies were pressed tenderly together, the warm heat radiating off of Echo’s body. You began to fidget with the seam of his suit. In synchronicity to the music Echo led you with care as the two of you danced across the floor.

He was patient and calm as he held you lovingly. It was like you two were the only ones getting lost in the dance together so close to one another. You stumbled over his feet sometimes but he made sure you never fell. “You are good at this sarad,” Echo chuckled quietly, his grip on you grew ever so tighter. “I’ve almost fallen multiple times…” Slightly embarrassed you turned your head away from the pale man. He then removed his scomp from your waist bringing your chin back to face him. Your face a deep blush as you looked at him dreamily. “But I never let you fall did I?” His words were low and sweet. You shook your head stubbornly, “only because of you.”

Echo chuckled and he dipped you down slowly, looking at you his eyes were passionate, then he brought you back to his chest. “Oh hush,” he said as the music continued to play. The two of you danced until the music came to a rallentando. Your cheeks were flushed and Echo bowed; in return you curtsy. “You were beautiful,” the words came to Echo so naturally. You were in a state of calm but also panic as everyone began to crowd back to the floor. You excused yourself from Echo and he nodded, letting his hand linger on yours.

You looked for Hunter wanting to take him up on his offer as you grew more anxious. Making your way through the dense crowd you saw him sitting down with other military members. You hesitantly walked up to the table doing a curtsy to the others. You bent down to Hunter’s ear as you spoke. “Can we visit the gardens?” Your voice was slightly panicked and with a sense of urgency.

Hunter nodded and stood to his full height. “Excuse me gentleman,” his voice deep and commanding, he took your hand and led you outside. An immediate breath of fresh air filled your senses as you inhaled. Hunter released your hand, “apologizes.” You shook your head, “no, thank you for keeping your promise.” A playful scoff came from the long haired man, “I always keep my promises, especially when it comes to you.”

A small chuckle of gratitude left your lips, “thank you Hunter.” He looked at you with his loving hazelnut eyes. You two began to saunter through the small garden. It was turning night and crickets could be heard chirping. Hunter broke the silence, “you know balls aren't my favorite either.” Your eyes met his curiosity, “really? It seems they come naturally to you.” Hunter snickered, “I've been doing it for a long time, those guys wear me out.”

He sat down on a stone bench and you followed. “Is it because of your enhanced senses?” He nodded, “and they’re okay but not my favorite people.” Feeling a little closer and more confident you leaned in slightly, “and who are?” He leaned in a little as well, “my brothers, Omega, you…” You knew the brothers all saw you more than just a maid but it was still nice to hear. You only smiled and Hunter spoke once more, “feeling better?” You nodded. There were few people in the garden; the two of you were surrounded by flowers and herbs. Hunter shifted his weight down reaching for a flower.

“For you,” he held the flower out to you and you took it. “Thank you but don't tell the host,” you both chuckled. “Just don't tell them, here,” he held his hand out for the flower and you gave it back to him. He then tucked a strand of hair behind your ear as he placed the flower snug between your ear and your hair. “There,” content with himself. You could feel his hot breath almost against your neck when he placed the flower. “Looks good on you,” he smiled and you leaned away, afraid you might capture his lips. “Thank you,” you stuttered looking up at the sky.

Watching, people made their way from the garden and back inside. You both stood, “dinner perhaps?” You inquired. Hunter responded looking at the group migrating, “probably my dear.” Before you could react, Hunter had taken your hand and the two of you walked back inside. Hunter stopped you clearing his throat looking at the flower. Getting the message you took the flower from your hair and tucked it into your dress. Hunter released your hand as you two made it to the dining room. You then found a seat between Tech and Crosshair. Omega and Hunter sat beside each other and Wrecker and Echo sat beside those two.

Preparing yourself to eat you placed your napkin on your lap. Tech looked over to you, “glad you decided to sit with us.” He gestured to him and Crosshair. “Well of course,” you nodded your head grateful. Crosshair looked you up and down before remarking, “you have quite the manners little maiden.” Your head shot in his direction and he had a smirk on his face. “Come now Crosshair,” Tech responded for you as the food was brought in front of all of you. Laughter and conversation rang throughout the dinner table as all sorts of guests interacted with one another. “Tech, could you pass the salt-” Tech had already placed the salt in front of you, “certainly angel.” You and Crosshair looked in slight amusement at Tech’s attentiveness. “Thank you,” now having a grin on your face.

Crosshair was quietly eating his meal, seeming to enjoy it. Tech gave you anything you needed whether it was salt, pepper, another napkin, utensils, it didn’t matter because Tech was ready for anything you needed. You found it sweet how proper and kind he was. “Can I tell you about the new research book I’m writing?”

You perked up at Tech’s words and excitement ran through you. “Of course I do Tech,” turning your body slightly to face him, he continued. “Well after many observations of different inventions, I’ve come to a conclusion-” Tech went into complete detail about the book and you were fascinated. You were one of the few people who listened to him for hours asking questions and being intrigued. “So the device you’re working on? What stage is it in right now?”

His ears perked up and he pressed his glasses further up his nose. “Oh well you see, I’ve been drafting it on paper but I am certain I can move onto the actual construction,” he pointed his finger. He paused for a moment, “but I was thinking perhaps you could help me build it angel, no one is quite as willing as you are.” His words made you feel special and you replied, “I would love that Tech.” There was a glimmer of happiness within him, although he never really spoke his emotions; if you knew how to read him it was easy.

“Really?” He sounded shocked. “Really.” That same glimmer became even brighter as he excitedly took your hands. Luckily you weren’t holding a utensil. “Oh we could make so many things together and I could teach you so many things my angel.” Your heart nearly melted as you smiled sweetly at him. “I would love everything about that!”

You couldn’t help yourself become a little giddy as well. As he held your hands tenderly, he noticed removing his hands from yours. “Sorry, I got a little-” You shushed him quietly, “it’s okay I didn’t mind.” A deep flush of red crept up his cheeks and you chuckled softly. You finished eating and wiped your hands and face with the napkin in your lap.

Tech looked over to observe you, “may I?” You nodded a little hesitant but he held his napkin bringing it to the corners of your mouth. The feeling was nice and calm as he removed a spot you had missed, you uttered a small thank you and he nodded. Everyone else was pretty much done eating but then a large burly man sat down rather sloppily and next to Crosshair. All the guests looked over at the man with worry and slight disgust in their eyes. The Batch watched closely as the man practically threw the food on his plate. Wow the manners of this guy…

Everyone continued on now slightly a little more uncomfortable. But the Batch had their eyes locked to him like an eagle. Crosshair was clearly displeased, snarling at the sloppy man as he got food everywhere. We all watched Crosshair tense as the man spoke obnoxiously, “great party!” Crosshair attempted to ignore him until a firm grasp came unwelcomely to his shoulder. Uh oh…the Batch all thought. Even Omega held her breath momentarily.

“You’re drunk,” Crosshair spat at the man. He only laughed loudly, “no I’m having a great time!” Before Crosshair could respond he turned his head to you, voice loud. “Wow would you look at this pretty thing?!” You winced at his tone of voice, looking cautiously. Crosshair felt his patience thinning at every word. The drunk man looked around at the rest of the brothers smirking and met eyes with you. “Ha I see what’s happening now!” Crosshair's voice was low and warning, “watch it.”

The man ignored Crosshair, “what you all take turns with the little maiden?” Your eyes widened in horror as the brothers were about to speak but Crosshair’s tongue was quicker. “Don’t talk to her like that, you slob,” The man finally turned back, he was about as tall as Crosshair. “What did you just say to me?” Crosshair repeated the phrase but with a slight growl. The man stood now and Crosshair remained sitting unafraid. “I suggest you leave before I make you,” Crosshair scoffed. “I think it would be the other way around you slob.”

The rest of the brothers sent ‘don’t do it’ look at their brother but Crosshair didn’t care. The man tried to throw a punch at him but Crosshair stood, capturing his arm. “You’re weak too,” Crosshair snarled. All the other guests were silent as they watched the throwdown. Before things got bloody, the rest of the brothers held the man and Crosshair away from each other. “I’m good, get off of me,” he pushed Tech off of him as he stuck his hands in his pant pockets before walking away. The other man was fuming with rage as the others tried to calm him. You held up your dress as you hurried after Crosshair.

He stood in a more secluded room with lighting only coming from the moonlight through the large glass windows. You made your way into the room releasing your dress from your hands. Crosshair looked over to see your silhouette. “Hey you,” you said lightheartedly. Crosshair looked away with a toothpick in his mouth. You slowly approached him, your heels tapping softly on the wooden floor. You stood beside him, “thanks for that.”

His eyes finally met yours, his eyes softened seeing the moonlight caressing your soft features. Feeling his face flush he turned his face away, “yeah whatever.” You touched his arm, “I mean it.” He looked down at you, “only I get to call you little maiden.” He had the faintest smirk as he shifted his toothpick to the other side of his mouth.

You chuckled gingerly, “let’s keep it that way, huh?” Crosshair’s eyebrow cocked to you, “glad you agree doll.” His words always sent shivers up your spine but being alone in the moonlight with him stirred something within you. Finally Crosshair fully turned to you, he moved closer now enclosing you to the wall behind you. You gazed up to him, his expression was hard to read but his actions were impossible to misunderstand.

“You know as soon as that slob started talking about you…I almost lost myself, I wanted to do a lot more than grab his arm,” his eyes darkened but still held that softness he always had for you. “I know Crosshair,” hearing his name come from your soft lips encouraged him more. He moved a little closer now, his body on yours, his movement was delicate but his eyes were alluring. You couldn’t stop yourself, you raised a hand to his cheek. His stubble is rough against your hand. Crosshair slightly leaned into your touch as he closed his eyes momentarily. “There’s something about you my little maiden,” your stomach began to twist as his words tempted your ears.

You released your hand from Crosshair’s face and he removed himself from looming in front of you. There was a comfortable silence between the two of you. It calmed Crosshair knowing you were beside him and even thanked him for causing a little ruckus. It made him grin, you looked over noticing and the reflection of the moonlight on his angular face. “What are you grinning about?” He dipped his head to you still looking out to the moon. “You, little maiden.”

After the day had ended and the ball was over you lay in your bed thinking about all the brothers and how sweet they were. You couldn’t get them off your mind, you may be the maid and the military men but that only made you want them more…with sweet dreams you fell asleep with the fuzzy feeling of warmth in your chest. Wondering what the days beyond would bring.

[uncharismatic-fauna]

Settle in with a Sea Angel

Better known as the naked sea butterfly or the common clione, Clione limacina is a species of pelagic sea slug (aka sea angels or gimnosomates) found throughout the open water of the north Atlantic, north Pacific and Arctic Oceans. They reside in both the epipelagic and mesopelagic regions, from the surface to depths of over 500 m (1,600 ft). As extremophiles, they can withstand extremely cold temperatures of −0.5 to 3°C (32°F to 37°F).

The common clione is named for its wing-like fins, which propel it through the water. The body is otherwise quite simple in design, and completely transluscent save for the organs, which are a vibrant orange. C. limacina is also notable for being the largest sea angel; the northernmost populations can reach 7–8.5 cm (2.8–3.3 in) in length.

Though they look beautiful the naked sea butterfly is actually a voracious predator. They primary prey are tiny, shelled sea butterflies. When it encounters a target, the sea angel's 'head' opens and it extracts the butterfly from its shell using a set of tentacles and chitinous hooks. When it cannot find sea butterflies, C. limacina will also consume small amphipods copepods. However, they can also survive up to a year without food of any kind. In turn, common cliones are also prey for a variety of marine life including fish such as chum salmon, and baleen whales.

Though little is known about the reproductive habits of C. limacina, research suggests that they are simultaneous hermaphrodites; individuals contain the sex organs for both males and females. They mating peaks during the spring and summer, and lay about 30-40 eggs afterwards. The larvae stay in the top 200 m (650 ft) of the water column to feed on phytoplankton until they reach maturity. It is generally thought that they can live to be about two years old in the wild.

Conservation status: Clione limacina has not been evaluated by the IUCN; however, like most sea slugs, they have a large population and are not considered to be endangered. However, they may be threatened by the rising temperatures in their natural habitat.

Photos

Kevin Raskoff

Richard Satterlie

Andrey Narchuk