#within the show’s (tiny) lifespan

[edwinisms]

I really don’t wanna be that guy but completely honestly why does anyone think that a petition is going to do anything

[penultimate-step]

Venti is my favorite character in Genshin Impact, and I think part of the reason I like him so much is that his intended character flaws and Genshin's unintended writing flaws synchronize quite well together.

My biggest issue with the way Genshin writes characters is that they are almost always static characters. With a tiny handful of exceptions, mostly within the main story, Genshin isn't interested in advancing character's arcs or showing them changing. Once we know their circumstances we know generally how they are, and parts of their story which seem to be hooks to further plot and development tend to fizzle out.

Normally this is something that stops me from really liking a lot of the Genshin characters, even if I think they're interesting; it frustrates me when the game seems to set things up and then refuses to follow through. But Venti, to me, is the exception, because a huge part of his central issue, in-universe, is that he is stagnant - that he has refused to move forward for 2600 years.

Venti's personal quest, "Should You Be Trapped in a Windless Land," is fairly up front about this. It involves the NPC Stanley, whose guilt over his friend's death decades ago has left him unable to move forward, clinging to the past. Venti spends most of the quest prodding and pushing at him, forcing him out of this mindset. But it is fairly clear that he does this in part because he sees himself in Stanley, that their situations are direct parallels, that Venti is in exactly the same place that Stanley was. When Venti says that he wants to see how Stanley will act when being forced to live in the present, it is in part because that is something he has never been able to do.

And so the story ends on a bittersweet note and an open ending. It's implied that Venti is going to be watching Stanley's progress closely; he can almost be seen as something like a test case. But what this will result in is deliberately obscured. If the player tracks down Stanley in the overworld after the fact, we learn that ever since the quest - which he has written off as a drunken dream - he feels happier and more fulfilled; he has resolved to himself that he does not have to choose between remembering his friend and living life, and has resolved himself to do both. So for Stanley's part, at least, things are going well. But as for Venti, things are less clear.

After all, he never actually says that he will change anything about his own situation, no matter how the Stanley situation resolves. Sure, he says he'll be watching, and that he's curious about how things will go. But to be honest, I always read this partly as wistful - that he wishes that he, too, could change, but that he feels that it is impossible for him.

He was the one who set this plan in motion - he knew exactly what Stanley's problems were, and how to go about helping him. Despite his carefree and lackadaisical attitude he is both experienced and self-aware; unlike Stanley, who denies that anything is wrong and cannot see the ways in which he is hurting himself, Venti clearly understands that the way he is grieving has long crossed into the realm of self-harm, and has known for a long time. But his friend died 2600 years ago, and hurting himself in his memory has become almost more familiar to Venti than the bard was. It is a key part of his self-conception, in a way that he cannot bring himself to shake. And he has multiple human lifespans to come to terms with this; to become comfortable as he is.

Which means, uniquely among the characters, that Venti's arc doesn't really have a burning need for a conclusion. There's no ticking time bomb that needs to be addressed. He doesn't have big interpersonal problems that constantly beg to be untangled like Kaeya and Diluc, or big future plot hooks like how Albedo worries that he will become a threat to everybody he cares about. He isn't in a situation where if the game ended today, players would feel like he never got his story told. Because in a way, already have an arc for him. It's a deeply sad one, is all; one where he acknowledges that he's been stuck for a long time, and will remain that way.

Certainly it is possible to continue his arc. It's very easy to imagine a future writer giving him a happy ending with a storyline where he tries to find hope in the future again, or even a tragedy that makes it explicit that he will probably be reliving the past forever. But it isn't strictly necessary. This I think is a big contributor to why I still really like his character, even though the game hasn't really done anything with him for like 4 years - because with him, it doesn't feel like a flaw.

Genshin doesn't like advancing character arcs, with rare exceptions involving pivotal moments in the archon quests. They prefer to leave the characters static as they are, so they can be pulled out and advertised for events whenever needed. With certain characters, when their plot threads remain unaddressed, and the game endeavors to shove their arcs to the side and bury them under the rug, it can be frustrating - I start to feel like what I liked about them was more their potential than anything that was actually executed. But Venti manages to avoid this, because if he refuses to talk about his problems, if he stays the same from year to year, then this tracks, that is exactly his problem. It's doesn't scan as out of character behavior, or the writers not wanting to touch it. His reasons to stay the same are spelled out in the text. I don't think this was an intentional choice by the writers, but it has led to an interesting result where the tendencies of the story feel justified.

[serpentface]

The liwe and uraña, the megafauna of the Yutreiya archipelago (a large volcanic island chain near the center of the White Sea, homeland to the qilik-elowey Ulelilwa peoples). These are the two largest native land animals found in these islands, standing about waist high on a human.

The liwe is a flightless bird and the top land-based predator to be found here. Their ancestors were predatory birds who came to occupy niches as land based predators (with some members of the family specializing into insectivorous or partially herbivorous roles). Their wing are entirely vestigial, though retain some use in steering while at chase and in courtship displays- pairs will stand chest to chest and shake their wings at each other, and males will rapidly flap their tiny wings in continued display while mating, which is notably silly looking.

They act primarily as ambush hunters, as they have neither the speed nor stamina to capture a healthy adult uraña in an outright chase. Pairs mate for life and hunt cooperatively, with one typically driving prey to where the other waits in ambush. When hunting large prey, they typically attempt to injure the prey by slashing with their sharp beaks and kill with a crushing/piercing bite to the throat. Smaller prey is kicked and trampled until it can be dispatched with a bite.

The uraña has a superficially deerlike appearance, but is actually a highly derived lagomorph that has specialized in cursorial grazing and browsing niches. Their ancestors were likely hares (or harelike animals) who distributed through parts of the White Sea via rafting events and over land bridges during periods of lower sea levels. They have entirely lost the hopping gait of their ancestors and run like deer, but retain some recognizably hare-like traits. Males competing for access to mates (and females competing for herd dominance) will stand on their hind legs and box each other with their hoof-like claws. They give birth to precocial young (usually two at a time) who can stand and run shortly after birth.

They live in fission-fusion herds of up to 200 (though generally less) individuals for protection against predators. A herd at large is mixed sex, though most interactions outside of the breeding season are homosocial. Females and their young form bands within the interior of the herd, and will drive out adolescent males, while adult and adolescent males form bands that patrol the outside of the herd and watch for predators.

Females maintain strong dominance hierarchies within their circles, maintained with ritualistic displays and brief bouts of boxing. Male bands do not have strong dominance hierarchies, though they compete heavily during the breeding season. Male uraña have two distinct morphs in terms of size and reproductive behavior- larger, higher testosterone males attract and defend harems during the breeding season, and will spend these months tirelessly chasing off competitors, stealing from rivals, and attempting to prevent females from straying, all while barely eating. Smaller, lower testosterone males spend more of their energy courting singular females and/or wooing them out of their harems via shows of strength in boxing matches, attempting to mate with as many as possible during the breeding season without monopolizing access or picking fights with their larger counterparts. Harem males monopolize most of the breeding, but the yearly strain of defending large groups of females often results them having shorter lifespans (or being picked off by predators in a weakened state post-breeding season). Boxing males expend far less energy in the breeding season, and as such often live long enough to sire many offspring throughout their lives. As such, both strategies are reproductively successful and result in/reinforce this distinct morphology.

Liwe were part of a larger family of flightless birds once found on these islands, but the unintentional introduction of rats by the first Ulelilwa settlers contributed to the demise of most of this group (as well as a great variety of flying birds). Liwe eggs are too large and thick shelled for most rats to consume, and they have survived and thrived while the rest of their relatives are extinct on all but the most isolated of islands.

There also used to be a much larger species of uraña (about the size of a key deer). These were the largest animals on the islands and had no natural predators (save for liwe occasionally taking their young). Their population was already under pressure or locally extinct in many islands due to decreasing landmass in rising sea levels, and was fully driven extinct by its grazing lands converted to the raising of crops and ant-farming by Ulelilwa settlers. The smaller uraña occupy more generalist niches and adapted well to these pressures, with most of their populations not only surviving but exploding in size with the gradual extinction of their larger relatives.

(slightly outdated) size ref

[bethanythebogwitch]

Wet Beast Wednesday: fairy shrimp

It's week 2 of fresh-uary, the month where I only cover freshwater species for Wet Beast Wednesday. This week's entry is on fairy shrimp, who are neither fairies nor shrimp. Instead, they are members of a mostly freshwater group of crustaceans called Branchipods. These little invertebrates are masters at surviving inhospitable conditions and one group has become famous in both the novelty pet and fish food worlds. You may know them as brine shrimp.

(Image: a female fairy shrimp. It is a small invertebrate somewhat shrimp-like in appearance. It has a large head with a compound eye and two pairs of antennae. The body is long and slender and the front half ans multiple limbs with feathery structures attached to them. The second half ends in a forked tail. This one has a short, transparent egg sac attached to its body just behind the limbs. Small, spherical eggs are visible within. End ID)

Fairy shrimp are members of the family Anostraca, with about 300 known species, many of which are found in very isolated areas. Most species are tiny, maxing out at 6 to 25 mm long, but some species get larger. The largest species, Branchinecta gigas, can reach 170 mm (6.7 in). Being crustaceans, they have exoskeletons, but fairy shrimp exoskeletons are very thin and fragile. The fairy shrimp body plan is divided into three regions, the head, thorax, and abdomen. The head has two compound eyes on stalks, the mouth, and two pairs of antennae. The first pair is long, thin, and unsegmented while the second pair differs depending on sex. Females have a second pair similar to the first pair, while the males have a second pair modified into grasping appendages used to hold onto the female during mating. The thorax is divided into multiple (usually 13 but sometimes more) segments. All but the final two segments are identical and each have a pair of feather-like appendages called phyllopods that act both as swimming limbs and gills. The final two segments of the thorax are fused and have a pair of appendages used for mating. The abdomen consists of 6 segments that don't have appendages. The final segment is the telson, which has a pair of paddle-like structures used for rapid movement and the anus.

(Image: a male fairy shrimp, identifiable as such by the enlarged and leg-like second pair of antennae. End ID)

Fairy shrimp are graceful, but somewhat slow, swimmers who orient themselves belly-up and swim by moving their phyllopods in sequence. They primarily feed on algae, either by filter feeding or scraping it off of rocks and other submerged structures. Some of the larger species are predators of zooplankton and Branchinecta gigas is a hunter of smaller fairy shrimp. Fairy shrimp are found in inland water on all 7 continents. They specialize in seasonal pools and salt lakes. These harsh conditions make fairy shrimp experts as surviving where many other animals cannot. They have a high tolerance for salinity, heat, and low levels of oxygen, all of which help them survive in salt lakes and evaporating pools. A characteristic all fairy shrimp share is the ability for their eggs to enter a state called diapause. This is a form of cryptobiosis where the egg becomes a cyst that stops growth and metabolic activity. Their development effectively pauses until the proper conditions occur and biological activity resumes. Cysts can survive complete dessication, freezing, hypersaline conditions, UV radiation, and the vacuum of space and can remain in this condition for centuries. Diapause also helps the fairy shrimp spread, as their cysts can be carried to new habitat by the weather or other animals.

(Image: a giant fairy shrimp Branchinecta gigas held in somebody's hand to show off its size. It is longer than the person's finger and almost as thing in the thorax. End ID)

Fairy shrimp that live in seasonal pools live fast and die young. Their lifespans last a few months at most because they need to develop to maturity and reproduce before the pool dries up for the year. Most species of fairy shrimp have distinct sexes, but some species are exclusively female and reproduce through parthenogenesis. Males use their modified antennae to grab onto females and transfer sperm to her. The female will either carry her eggs on a sac attached to her abdomen or will maintain them internally. Eggs may be released to settle on the sediment or retained internally until the mother dies and sinks to the bottom. Some species will produce two types of eggs. Early season eggs are produced when water is still abundant in the pool. They will quickly hatch and mature to adulthood. Late season eggs are produced when the pool is drying up. They will settle to the sediment and become cysts, waiting for the next wet season to refill the pool before they hatch. Not all cysts will hatch each wet season, some will wait it out for later years. This ensures that a too-short wet season can't wipe out the whole population. Fairy shrimp living in salt lakes generally don't have to worry about their home drying out, but they maintain the ability to encyst their eggs in case the water gets too salty due to evaporation or too cold or hot. Fairy shrimp in salt lakes are vital to their environments because they regulate the population of phytoplankton and bacteria.

(Image: a close-up of somebody's hand holding some water and 9 red fairy shrimp. End ID)

Fairy shrimp are a major food source to many animals, especially birds. Their isolated or inhospitable habitats keep fairy shrimp safe from many predators, such as fish, but not from birds. Ducks and flamingos are some of the most prominent predators of fairy shrimp. Birds also help spread the shrimp, as the cysts can stick to their bodies or even pass through their digestive systems to be carried to other pools. Humans have also started using fairy shrimp as fish food in aquariums and aquaculture. There is now a multi-million dollar industry based around the Great Salt Lake in Utah and Mono Lake and San Fransisco Bay in California based around harvesting cysts and adult fairy shrimp for sale. The fairy shrimp used in aquaculture are almost all brine shrimp of the genus Artemia. Brine shrimp are also used as model organisms in science and as novelty pets under the brand name of sea monkeys. Brine shrimp cysts are easy to find in many pet and aquarium supply stores and will hatch quickly once exposed to water. Many wild fairy shrimp populations are threatened. Because of how isolated their pools can be, any damage to the pool can endanger the species. Pollution and habitat loss are threatening many species while human-caused movement of fairy shrimp cysts to new pools can lead to them harming native species.

(Image: a magazine advertisement for sea monkeys, featuring a long text listing dubious facts about the animals, an order form, and an illustration of a nuclear family of anthropomorphic sea monkets that look like fish people with three antennae. End ID)

[axolotls-compass]

I replied to a comment on AO3

Q: I'm interested. This is good! How does the crystal based fuel work? And how old and advanced is The Whip of Cijo? And looks like kindness won over Lola's heart here

A: There is a crystal called Sybertonium (probably gonna change the name) that occurs naturally due to extradimensional phenomena. It holds energy extremely well, and as great at blowing up and causing cancer. (still unsure on the details there) When it's at its capacity, it starts to shoot off tiny bouncy particles that travel very fast and cause cancer. With some engineering, this can be used for levitation, though it has its limits. To create Kryptonium, the form of fuel used in The Whip of Cijo, Sybertonium is ground into grains of sand. The sand is filtered and sorted by energy capacity, which is then sold by fuel grade, usually ending the process. However, the Kryptonium sand is often compacted back into crystal form, creating Compact Kryptonium. Removing the space between grains means that more energy can be stored in a smaller space, but the compaction process prevents repulsor particles from firing, making Compact Kryptonium less of a carcinogen than Sybertonium. Compacting Kryptonium sand is a simple yet expensive practice, as the heat required to recrystallize it is typically only found in close orbit of stars. The Whip of Cijo is a mid-teir ship for it's size and job and about a decade old, so maybe 1/3 of the way through its lifespan.

I actually wrote a bunch about repulsor particles about half a year ago, so I'm gonna put that here too 🙃

There is a subatomic particle that is undiscovered or does not exist in this universe that when discharged hits virtually no gas atoms, but largely hits solid atoms, sending them back in the direction they came, assuming they hit the object at a 90° angle.

Of course, some subatomic particles get trapped inside solid molecules, so perhaps extended usage has an effect on certain surfaces.

Take the OG BluePod for example. This levitated using a series of repulsors and sensors on the bottom. The sensors check the below terrain, adjust the angle of the corresponding repulsor to ensure as many subatomic particles as possible bounce back, propelling the bike upwards to create the effect of levitation.

Of course, using subatomic particles to levitate a bike and passenger, no matter how lightweight they may be, seems near impossible. This is why the BluePod was the first machine capable of doing this, and only came out within the most recent 30 years. Before this, universal repulsors were only used for small, light things, like low flying drones and were mainly for show.

As if the BluePod's use of repulsors isn't already incredible, in the last 15 years they released a new model, the BluePod 360. What makes this bike different besides the almost quadrupled price tag is that the repulsors are able to work consistently with liquids as well as solids. This is a critical feature, as one of the Union's capital worlds has a surface of 90% water.

Originally, BlueTech wanted to release a chemical compound similar to the ones in the waters of the then undiscovered planet Scalac into the Nebulan seas that would allow more particles to be reflected, but that was quickly overruled. However, the mere proposition of the idea was enough for more extreme preservationists to label BuleTech researchers and executives as carless permissives, though most just found the idea amusing.

Repulsors can be many times more affective when using the centuries old duel-repulsion setup instead of the newer universal repulsors. The idea is to have two sets of rows lined with repulsors facing each other in an interlocking fashion, discharging particles. The upper repulsors discharged particles hit the metal below it specially designed to block repulsor particles, and bounce back up, creating much more lift than if the particles hit any old surface. Below the repulsors, arranged in a grid or rail-like pattern, lie another set of repulsors, which have the same effect.

Duel-repulsion repulsors have more limits to their usage than universal repulsors because they have to have repulsor metal below, though this allows them to carry much more weight. As such, they are commonly used for lightweight lifts and trains, though magnets are also a viable option.

Though lifts carry significantly less weight, they often require repulsors just as strong as those used in trains. This is because even though the majority of particles don't collide with air atoms, some still do. This creates a light air current below repulsors and a quiet humming sound composed of the microscopic supersonic booms caused by the collision of air atoms hit with the particles, but more importantly, it means that the higher an object is levitated, the more particles need to be fired. When the repulsors are set to their unstable maximum with no extra weight aboard, they can levitate about 8 cords above their base, add or take a few centicords depending on the composition and temperature of the air. This is why repulsor lifts are not very common.

Repulsors are more affective in a vacuum as the particles have nothing but the floor to collide with, but this is near useless, because if you're going to the trouble of making the elevator shaft airtight and pumping the air out, you might as well just keep the pump and use that to levitate the lift, and this is often done. Some trains even move this way, though when they do, they typically use repulsors to eliminate collision or friction with the tube.

Repulsor trains are much simpler. They don't need to be high off the ground to eliminate friction, (excluding that with the air), just a few milicords distance does it.

Repulsors are near useless in space travel, because the particles themselves only go marginally faster than the speed of sound, meaning even in a perfect system, you're not even at sonospeed. In any case, They wouldn't work unless there is a solid object behind them, and carrying a wall behind your ship is very impractical.

The particles themselves are discharged when Sypertonium is overcharged. I haven't worked out all the links yet, but these particles are also critical for head generation, tractor beams, and holopanels.

[jonnysinsectcatalogue]

Square-Legged Camel Cricket - Tropidischia xanthostoma

In the darkness of a cave, the great crawling legs and thin antennae of this creature could be mistaken for those of a great spider searching for a meal. Fortunately, when the lights come on, a sigh of relief can be breathed knowing that this creature is merely a harmless Orthopteran. With how long those legs are, you can imagine the wide leg-span this insect could display while she clings to a cave wall. Its no wonder why this cave dweller is also known as a Spider Cricket (it does not shoot webs nor pounce on insect-themed supervillains). More accurately, this nocturnal friend is a Camel Cricket - of the family Rhaphidophoridae - which are known for their hunchbacked appearance, somewhat long extremities, and a lack of wings. The lattermost trait also means that they do not sing or chirp, and they aren't likely to stridulate either. As for those long extremities, this Cricket is a cave dweller and well adapted to a dark environment, relying on her stretched legs and antennae in order to interpret the environment around her. On the subject of those legs, they are the key to a successful identification! On the west coast (and going south) of North America, there are no other Orthopterous species that resemble it, but one should still make sure. All of the legs should be very long and the femurs and tibiae should be inspected. The former is lined with ridges that appear to square up the leg, and the femur is somewhat square in shape lengthwise. If you look closely, you can see fine hairs, ridges and spikes along the legs.

Although a cave dweller, this specie has retained its eyes, which is a surprise given that many cave systems may have no light source. This specie likely gets more use out of its eyes as a means to evade threats or when it ventures outside caves to streams, coasts and basements. This square-legged Cricket is likely fond of such locations due to the moisture and humidity levels. Alongside the mitigation of desiccating, the moisture is conducive for their growth and development for their whole lifespan. Speaking of which, the beauty in these images is a female as her blade-like ovipositor will tell you. Despite its sharp appearance, it isn't capable of slicing through cave stone to produce a suitable egg-laying location. Instead, eggs are placed wherever dirt is plentiful or into tiny crevices to keep them out of reach. The nymphs that hatch and explore will feed on vegetation and fungi within a cave environment. If such nutrition isn't available, they could also turn their attention to scavenging organic matter or chasing down smaller, softer insects. They're not likely to be actively predaceous, but those back legs aren't just for show. The adults in particular, are reported to be able to jump up to 30 times their body length using their dramatically elongated back legs! This aids not just in traveling long distances, but also in dispersal. All it takes is a good rainy day with reasonable humidity and you may find them leaping away to discover what awaits beyond their caves.

Pictures were taken on August 10, 2024 in Squamish with an iPhone 12 thanks to a dear friend. After pictures were taken, she (the Cricket) was returned back to the caves where she was found. Expect more posts covering this specie in the near future, including several videos.

[multiverse-imagines]

Vashtember (A Writer's Hijacking) Day 2: Knives

Okay, so I cheated a tiny bit. Its technically about @aidakhar 's dad!Knives au. But how can I resist Knives being a doting father?

"Azrael, that's the third Toothbrush this month." Knives frowned as he looked at the small disgruntled boy who presented him with yet another mangled toothbrush.

"My teeth are just too sharp, Papa." Azrael moped.

"I see that. I'll have to talk to Dr. Conrad about this…" Knives mused to himself, as he comforted his son, "For now, why don't we just keep doing our best until we can figure something out, okay? It's not very efficient as far as the lifespans of toothbrushes go, but it'll keep your teeth clean in the meantime."

"Fine." Azrael huffed as he stalked off, going to his room. Knives was frustrated as well. It was important to maintain oral cleanliness. How was his child supposed to do so when his teeth were ripping through each toothbrush at such a rapid pace? He pondered these things as he too stalked down the hall towards Dr. Conrad's lab.

"Ah, Master Knives. What brings you around this time?" Conrad asked, sitting at his desk, a beaker of coffee still steaming close by.

"Azrael just gave me his third decimated toothbrush this month. I need something different than this archaic stick." Knives complained to Conrad.

"Well, the evolution of the toothbrush hasn't really changed since the Earth's 1800's… they even used them in the ancient Egyptian era. It's one of those "If it's not broke, don't fix it" kinds of things." Conrad explained.

"Then we have to make something those stupid humans couldn't." Knives snidely replied.

"Of course, Sir. When I was a child back on Earth, they did have these chewable toothbrushes, but I fear the boy will just chew through them."

"What were they made of? Could we improve upon whatever material they used? Make them reusable, or recyclable?"

"They were just silicone, but, again, I fear he would just rip through Silicone like a shark eating a seal." Conrad lamented, taking a sip from his beaker of coffee, "I could improve it to withstand the psi of his bite strength strength. I can probably project 170 psi at the most, so I can make a silicone that withstands up to 200… Can you bring The Boy in to run some tests? He might enjoy it, since he'll get to bite stuff." Conrad began to write calculations and equations down on a piece of paper before asking the question.

"Yeah, I can bring him around, but… in the morning. He needs his sleep." Knives said, noting the time. Conrad chuckled, realizing what a doting father his fearsome boss had become. It made Conrad miss the daughter he'd wronged so long ago as he sipped his coffee once more.

"Of course, Sir. That will give me time to experiment with the silicone before I can run my tests for the prototype. This is a welcome distraction. I was beginning to feel burnt out on my previous experiments." Conrad shrugged.

"Wonderful. I know you won't disappoint us, Doctor. I shall return with Azrael in the morning." Knives nodded before leaving Conrad to his work.

***

When Knives and Azrael returned the next morning, Conrad was still hard at work.

"What is your progress, Doctor?" Knives asked as He reminded Azrael to be mindful of his surroundings, as not to collide with anything within the lab.

"Ah, Master Knives. You're just in time. I just finished with the silicone that can withstand 200 psi. I still want an average bite test from him. I may be able to adjust the longevity of the silicone, and we'll be able to recycle them, combine them together to make new ones. Silicone is surprisingly easy to make on this planet, since silicone is made from sillica particles in sand. We live on a planet covered in the stuff!" Conrad said triumphantly, pulling a lever for dramatic affect as a compression machine squished a rubbery piece of silicone. A little machine attached to it beeped, calculating the integrity of the small marble, and the he lifted the lever, to show the marble still intact. Conrad took the marble to a nearby sink, washing it thoroughly, before handing it to Azrael.

"Here, chew on this for me. Please do not swallow it." Conrad instructed. Azrael paused before taking the little marble from Conrad's hand, and popping it into his mouth. He munched on it, his eyes brightening a little at the bouncy resistance the marble gave.

"Should I try to rip it apart with my teeth?" Azrael asked as he chewed.

"Give it your best shot, kid." Conrad nodded, giving Azrael permission to destroy his prototype in the name of science. After a minute or two, Azrael spit the ball back into Conrad's gloved hand. Conrad gave the silicone ball study under the microscope, investigating the small tears made by Azrael's teeth.

"Was it hard to chew on, Azrael?" Conrad asked as he gazed into the microscope.

"Not really. It was like… chewing gum." Azrael explained. Conrad nodded, standing from the microscope.

"Okay. I figured Independants had a harder bite force than humans, but I didn't expect harder than 200 psi, damn. Good thing Silicone can go up to 1,500 psi when using the right formula." Conrad sighed. "My goal is to create a silicone that won't tear under his bite force, but is still easy to chew on." Conrad explained. He picked up a small device that had a rubber mouthpiece attached. After sterilizing the piece, he asked Azrael to place it in his mouth, and bite down as hard as he could. Conrad frowned at the results.

"Hm, 220. Yep, gotta make a stronger silicone. Alright, I should have the prototype ready by tomorrow morning." Conrad concluded, writing some notes. Knives and Azrael went about their day as normal.

***

"Okay, I think I've got it this time. Try this one." Conrad handed Azrael a small ball with little silicone bristles, sterilized of course. The middle was hollow for toothpaste to fit inside. Azrael chewed on the ball, purposefully trying to mangle it with his teeth. After a few minutes, he spit the ball out as before, and after a study by Conrad, the item was complete.

"Yeah, this new chewable toothbrush should last you two months, or about sixty teeth cleanings. I'll have more made, and ready to go within the week. They're easy to recycle, so I'll be able to make a sustainable stock of them." Conrad was nearly giddy at his success, "I recommend using this with supervision due to the potential choking hazard, but that's just a precaution." He noted to Knives, from one father to another.

"I'll be sure to do so. We can brush our teeth together, then." Knives nodded, internally excited to have a new style of cleaning for his son.

[theoneofmanyofficial]

Birthday part 1

(Screenshots of birthday line are included but some not in its entirety)

(Apologies in advance for long posts)

Last year, I had Idia. This year is Jade because I feel he might curse me if I didn't choose him.

Yes, it is I, the guest of honor!

Please don't curse me...

I never had any doubts about your ability to remember. I just don't want ya cursin' me...

Thank you and all, but...

Boy, I have no idea how to start a terrarium! And even if I did, you have too much faith in me if you expect it to survive for very long so prepare to be disappointed 🤣 Unless his whole plan is to watch me fail, I guess?

I mean, I have a (used to be) tiny bamboo plant I got from some small flower fest stall and that thing's been fighting for maybe 10 years now while its two potmates died within 4 years (a miracle they even last that long after the drought I accidentally put them through).

After this one reaches the end of its lifespan, I don't know if I can successfully care for another plant. I would need one that's determined to live as much as this one and can survive months without water.

(I'm really bad at taking care of living things long term)

Thank you for not (as far as I'm aware of) cursing me, Jade! You're the best! I love not being on your bad side!

Anyways, moving on!

My daily greeter was Ruggie then I used the 2 10-pull keys from our combined birthdays and it was enough to get Broom Ruggie twice

Bro, you showed up twice in gacha! Plus, I rarely have issue with your gachas in general (after I full capped Dorm Leona). Have all the food you want. You deserve it at this point!

Since I can only fit 10 pics, I'm gonna end part 1 with Jack because Jack is best boy and we can't possibly go wrong with Jack!

Huh, I wonder what his plan is going to be...

I'm sure it'll be something he put a lot of thought into and it'll be sweet and thoughtful and all that stuff and it'll make me want to give him head pats because he's best boy doing his best

Workout? Workout?! JACK NO! I TRUSTED YOU!

Man, I would die (and probably pull my back) before I get to that point. He would have better chances training me to run for my life than getting me buff.

But gotta hand it to him, he's got that optimism and he deserves head pats.

[jdrserviceofnewyork]

Queens Roofing Guide to Protect Your Home From Storm Damage

Your house requires good protection from extreme weather conditions. Every home encounters major challenges once roofs start showing signs of weakening. Your family should live in peace as strong storms batter overhead without allowing leaks within.

The Warning Signs

Roof damage frequently indicates obvious signs before significant issues arise. Your attic may begin to display water stains following heavy rain. These stains typically indicate concealed problems that need prompt action.

Tiny leaks easily accumulate and do lots of damage over time when they are neglected. Water rapidly damages ceiling components and wood joists throughout your residence. An early diagnosis is cheap while eliminating growth within spaces inside walls.

Altered shingles tend to let water in during storms. Such broken fragments may be swept away by strong winds, exposing gaps. Professional Roof Repairs Queens NY companies detect such problems during regular check-ups.

Hidden Dangers Above

Water enters through small cracks you might never notice. Every house needs a proper inspection after significant storm events. Your ceiling could harbor moisture problems without visible signs below.

Mold growth often starts inside attic spaces, where leaks begin. These health hazards spread quickly through wooden beams. Regular checks above living areas catch problems before severe damage occurs.

Unseen water often causes electrical hazards throughout homes. These risky situations might create fire dangers or shocking risks. Professional roofers check these areas while addressing water entry points.

Season-Specific Concerns

Winter brings heavy snow loads pressing down constantly. Every house needs sturdy roofing to carry these extra pounds. Your attic beams might crack under pressure without proper support below.

Ice dams are forming along the edges

Snow weight is causing center sagging

Frozen gutters pulling away

Expansion cracks from freeze-thaw cycles

Spring brings heavy rains, testing every seam. Water finds every small opening during hours of continuous downpour. Quick action stops minor issues from becoming major expenses.

Emergency Situations

Storm damage never waits for convenient times. These sudden problems often appear during the worst weather conditions. Your house needs quick action when shingles start flying away.

The fast response often saves thousands in interior damage costs. Every hour, water enters freely, causing more extensive repairs later. Professional Emergency Roof Repairs NYC teams arrive quickly with temporary solutions until permanent fixes can be applied.

Water pouring through ceiling areas needs immediate attention. These emergencies cannot wait until morning or the weekend ends. Your furniture, electronics, and family heirlooms deserve protection against sudden roof failures.

Many homeowners delay calling until the damage worsens. These costly decisions often result in higher repair bills later. Quick calls when problems first appear save money while reducing stress levels.

Quality Materials Matter

Modern roofing offers better protection than older materials—every house benefits from updated systems designed against current weather patterns. Your property value often rises with quality Roof Installation Queens NY using premium materials.

Asphalt shingles today carry more extended guarantees than years prior. These improved products resist wind uplift while shedding water effectively. Quality materials paired with proper installation ensure decades of protection above.

Metal roofing often lasts twice as long as traditional options. These durable panels resist fire risks while reflecting solar heat away. Your cooling costs might lower significantly with reflective roofing options.

Professional Installation Benefits

Proper techniques ensure maximum lifespan from materials. Every seam needs correct overlap while nailing patterns follow strict guidelines. Your investment deserves trained hands applying industry best practices.

Ventilation systems often require expert planning. These crucial components allow proper airflow while preventing moisture buildup—professional installers balance intake and exhaust needs based on house design.

Hidden issues often appear during replacement projects. These unexpected problems need addressing before new materials are applied. Experienced crews handle surprises without cutting corners that cause problems later.

Final Words

Regular checks extend the roofing lifespan considerably. These planned visits catch minor issues before major problems develop. Your calendar should include seasonal roof inspections after extreme weather events.

Gutter cleaning prevents water backup under the edges. These maintenance tasks protect fascia boards from rotting. Simple preventive work saves expensive structural repairs down the road.

Professional help costs less than emergency repairs later. Your budget stays healthier with planned maintenance rather than crisis management. Schedule routine checks today while your roof remains in decent condition. For more information, visit our website.

[roofing-remodeling]

Diagnostic Testing for Cars: What You Need to Know

Ever had your car’s check engine light pop on and immediately felt a knot in your stomach? You’re not alone. When something goes wrong under the hood, it can feel a bit like your car is speaking a language you don’t understand. That’s where diagnostic testing for cars comes to the rescue. Think of it as a doctor’s checkup — but for your vehicle! In this guide, we’ll break it down in simple terms, show you why it’s important, what it costs, and even how you can do some of it yourself. Let’s pop the hood and get started!

What is Car Diagnostic Testing?

Car diagnostic testing is like giving your vehicle a health scan. Special tools are connected to your car’s computer system to find out what’s wrong — or even what might go wrong soon. It’s a quick and painless way to spot issues early.

Why Do Cars Need Diagnostic Tests?

Your car is packed with sensors and systems. Over time, parts can wear out, fail, or simply get dirty. Diagnostic tests help catch these issues before they turn into costly repairs. It’s like catching a cold before it becomes the flu!

How Does Diagnostic Testing Work?

Mechanics plug a small device into your car’s OBD-II port (think of it as the car’s communication gateway). This scanner pulls up error codes that reveal what’s going on. Each code points to a specific problem — from a loose gas cap to a serious engine malfunction.

Signs Your Car Needs a Diagnostic Test

Wondering if it’s time for a checkup? Look for these clues:

Check Engine Light is on

Weird Noises like knocking or rattling

Poor Fuel Economy — your car guzzling more gas than usual

Strange Smells from the engine or exhaust

Performance Issues — like sluggish acceleration or stalling

When in doubt, it’s better to test and be safe than sorry.

Common Problems Found During Diagnostics

Diagnostic tests can uncover a wide range of issues:

Faulty Oxygen Sensors

Bad Spark Plugs

Loose or Damaged Gas Cap

Worn Catalytic Converter

Transmission Problems

Battery and Alternator Issues

It’s amazing how a tiny sensor can throw your whole car off balance, right?

Tools Used for Car Diagnostic Testing

You don’t have to be a mechanic to recognize these tools:

OBD-II Scanner — Reads trouble codes

Multimeter — Measures voltage and current

Smoke Machine — Detects leaks in hoses and seals

Fuel Pressure Gauge — Checks fuel system health

Most auto shops use sophisticated scanners, but even a basic scanner at home can give you a ton of info.

Can You Do a Car Diagnostic Test at Home?

Absolutely! Basic OBD-II scanners are affordable and easy to use. You just plug them in under your dashboard, and within minutes, you’ll get codes you can look up online. It’s like having a pocket translator for your car’s language.

DIY diagnostic cost: $25 — $100 for a scanner

Professional Diagnostic Testing: What to Expect

When you take your car to a professional shop, they’ll:

Plug in their advanced scanner

Interpret error codes accurately

Perform additional inspections if needed

Provide a repair estimate

Good mechanics don’t just read the codes — they know how to dig deeper if the problem isn’t obvious.

How Much Does a Car Diagnostic Test Cost?

The price can vary based on where you live and how complex the issue is. On average:

Basic Diagnostic Test: $50 — $100

Advanced Diagnostic & Inspection: $100 — $200

Some shops waive the fee if you proceed with repairs. Always ask!

How Long Does a Diagnostic Test Take?

You’re busy — we get it. Thankfully, most diagnostic tests are pretty quick:

Basic scan: 15–30 minutes

In-depth testing: 1–2 hours

Sometimes the actual repair takes longer than the diagnosis itself!

11. Benefits of Regular Car Diagnostic Tests

Preventative care isn’t just for people. Regular testing helps:

✅ Catch problems early  ✅ Avoid costly repairs  ✅ Improve fuel efficiency  ✅ Extend your car’s lifespan

Think of it as giving your car regular “wellness checkups.”

12. DIY vs Professional Diagnostics: Which is Better?

Both options have pros and cons:

DIY Testing

✅ Cheaper upfront

✅ Quick results

❌ You might misinterpret codes

Professional Testing

✅ Expert analysis

✅ Access to more advanced tools

❌ Costs more

If you’re handy, DIY might work. But for peace of mind, pros are worth it.

Tips to Avoid Expensive Repairs

Want to save money down the road? Follow these tips:

✅ Don’t ignore warning lights  ✅ Get small issues checked immediately  ✅ Perform regular maintenance (oil changes, tire rotations)  ✅ Keep your battery, fluids, and belts in good shape

Small investments now can save you from massive bills later!

Conclusion: Keep Your Car Happy

Diagnostic testing for cars isn’t something to fear — it’s your car’s way of telling you what it needs. Whether you choose to invest in a home scanner or trust a local shop, staying on top of diagnostics can save you time, stress, and a lot of money.

Your car takes care of you every day. Why not return the favor?

FAQs About Diagnostic Testing for Cars

How often should I get a diagnostic test for my car?

It’s a good idea to get a diagnostic test at least once a year, or whenever you notice performance issues.

Can I drive with a check engine light on?

Sometimes, yes — but it’s risky. It might be a minor issue or a sign of a serious problem. Get it checked ASAP.

Are car diagnostic tests accurate?

Yes, but remember: error codes tell you what’s wrong, not always why it’s happening. A skilled mechanic can dig deeper.

Will a diagnostic test fix my car?

No, diagnostic tests identify the problem. You’ll still need to make the necessary repairs afterward.

Can I rent a diagnostic tool instead of buying one?

Yes! Many auto parts stores offer rental programs where you can borrow a scanner for free or a small fee.

[thirdoasttraining]

Did you know your running shoes hold more power than you might think? Regular runners show biological markers of someone 10 years younger than their actual age. This remarkable discovery has scientists taking a closer look at how running fights Father Time. Your morning runs do more than build fitness – they wage war against aging at the cellular level. Each stride triggers powerful changes inside your body, extending not just your lifespan but your "healthspan" – those precious years of active, healthy living. The science behind running's age-fighting power tells an amazing story. From protecting your DNA to supercharging your brain cells, running works its magic far beyond what meets the eye. Let's explore how this natural movement helps preserve your youth and vitality through the years ahead. Running's Hidden Power: Your Cellular Fountain of Youth A remarkable discovery shows that every time you run, you trigger a cascade of age-fighting changes deep within your cells. Let's uncover the fascinating science behind your body's natural youth-preservation system. Your Cellular Time Machine Birthday candles don't tell the whole story of aging. Inside your cells, running orchestrates a complex dance that fights off Father Time. Each training session activates powerful pathways that combat cellular aging and inflammation . Think of it as your body's built-in youth preservation system. Telomeres: Your Cellular Life Clock Have you heard about telomeres? Picture them as protective caps on your chromosomes – like those plastic tips on shoelaces. Here's where running reveals its magic: endurance athletes show significantly longer telomeres compared to their non-active peers . The numbers tell an amazing story – highly active runners display telomere lengths matching people 9 years younger . Your running shoes help preserve these vital telomeres through four key mechanisms: - Supercharging telomerase activity - Fighting inflammation - Reducing oxidative stress - Boosting muscle satellite cell content Mitochondria: Your Cellular Power Plants Did you know your muscle cells house tiny energy factories called mitochondria? These microscopic powerhouses can fill up to one-third of your muscle cell volume . Through regular running, you trigger what scientists call mitochondrial biogenesis – essentially ordering your body to build more cellular power plants . The story gets better. Running doesn't just create more mitochondria – it upgrades your existing ones. Your endurance training builds sophisticated networks connecting oxygen-rich areas to oxygen-starved regions . Picture it as installing a smart grid in your cellular power system. Each training session strengthens these cellular powerhouses. Your mitochondria develop denser crista – think of them as upgraded power generators – directly boosting your cellular energy production and maximum oxygen uptake . This microscopic renovation project helps maintain your youthful energy levels mile after mile. Your Body's Response to Running: A System-Wide Youth Boost A staggering statistic reveals why runners stay younger longer: your risk of early death drops by 30%  when you make running part of your life. Let's explore how running rewires your vital systems to fight off Father Time. Your Heart's Secret Weapon Did you know runners cut their risk of cardiovascular death by 45% ? Your heart transforms with each running session, creating a fortress against aging. Here's what happens inside your cardiovascular system: - Your resting heart rate drops naturally - Blood pressure and cholesterol levels improve dramatically - Stroke death risk plummets by 40%  - Sudden cardiac death risk falls by nearly 50%  Don't worry about becoming an ultra-marathoner. Just 5-10 minutes of daily running at an easy pace delivers these remarkable benefits . Your Brain's Running Revolution That runner's high does more than make you feel good – it supercharges your brain. Each run floods your prefrontal cortex with oxygen-rich blood , awakening your brain's command center. Most runners don't realize they're growing new brain cells with every mile. This process, called neurogenesis , helps protect your mind against age-related decline. Even more impressive: your hippocampus – your brain's memory hub – actually grows larger . Muscle Myths and Running Reality Have you heard running destroys muscle mass? Time to bust this myth. Smart runners maintain and even build strength with just 2-3 strength sessions weekly . The secret lies in your approach: - Focus on full-body resistance workouts - Feed your muscles 1-2 grams of protein per kilo of body weight - Build strength first, then gradually add running miles This strategy lets you enjoy running's fountain-of-youth benefits while keeping your hard-earned muscle mass intact. Running Through Time: Your Ancient Survival Secret Did you know humans rank among Earth's most exceptional endurance runners? The story of running stretches back About 2 million years ago, shaping not just how we move, but how we age . The Original Ultra-Runners Picture early humans chasing prey across vast savannas. While most mammals could easily outrun them in sprints, our ancestors possessed a remarkable weapon: endurance. Through persistence hunting, they chased animals to exhaustion, securing protein-rich food that fueled brain development . Nature's Perfect Running Machine A surprising fact: humans have 10 times more sweat glands than other primates . Evolution crafted the human body into an endurance-running masterpiece with: - A sophisticated cooling system that outperforms most mammals - Spring-loaded Achilles tendons returning 20% of running energy - Long legs and short toes for superior balance - A flexible spine maintaining forward vision while running - Powerful gluteus maximus muscles for stability These features make humans extraordinary distance athletes. Though only half as fast as other mammals in sprints , humans can outrun horses and even cheetahs over long distances . Ancient Adaptations, Modern Benefits The same biological features that powered ancient hunters now fight aging in modern runners. That remarkable heat management system, perfected through persistence hunting, enables effective exercise even in challenging conditions . Running's connection to brain health reveals another fascinating link to our past. Ancient hunters needed sharp memory and navigation skills for successful hunts . This explains why running triggers BDNF production - a protein that builds brain cells and strengthens neural connections . Each time you run, you tap into millions of years of evolutionary refinement. This ancient heritage explains why running stands as one of nature's most powerful tools for maintaining youth and vitality. Running Through the Ages: Your Body's Timeline of Benefits Did you know your running performance only drops by 1% between ages 35 and 40 ? Let's explore how running rewards you differently through life's stages. Peak Performance Years (20s-30s) Your twenties and early thirties mark your running prime. During these years, you'll enjoy maximum muscle fiber count and density . Fast-twitch muscle fibers peak, and your VO2 max reaches its highest potential . Think of these years as your running foundation. Your heart performs like a champion, but don't forget about your supporting cast - bones and muscles need attention too . Focus your energy on: - Building smart nutrition habits - Creating recovery routines - Setting consistent training patterns Middle Years Magic (40s-50s) Have you heard running slows dramatically after 40? Time to bust this myth. Running pace only decreases by about 1% between ages 35 and 40 . These years bring unexpected advantages: Your running wisdom peaks now. Smart training decisions come naturally, though recovery needs more attention. Experience becomes your secret weapon against injuries and training mistakes. Middle-age runners enjoy powerful health rewards : - Stronger heart health - Sharper mental function - Better stress control - Easier weight management Golden Years Gains (60+) A remarkable discovery: senior runners maintain walking efficiency that leaves non-runners behind . The benefits multiply beyond basic fitness: Physical Rewards: - Stronger bones through impact - Enhanced heart efficiency - Better balance and coordination Brain and Social Boosts: - Sharper thinking from increased brain blood flow - Lower depression and anxiety risk - Stronger social connections Here's the most exciting part: starting late still counts. Research shows beginning after 40 can match the life-extending benefits of lifelong exercise . Whether you're maintaining momentum or lacing up for the first time, running delivers powerful improvements to both lifespan and health span . The Numbers Don't Lie: Running's Life-Extending Power A remarkable discovery spans decades of research and hundreds of thousands of runners. The numbers tell an extraordinary story about running's power to extend life. Let's look at what science reveals about your running shoes' hidden potential. Running's Life-Saving Impact Have you ever wondered exactly how much running extends life? Large-scale studies show that running reduces your risk of premature death dramatically. Your odds of dying from any cause drop by 30%, while heart-related death risk plummets by 45% . Don't worry about marathon training - just 5-10 minutes of daily running delivers powerful benefits . The numbers paint a striking picture. If everyone started running, we could prevent: - 16% of all deaths - 25% of heart-related deaths Your Running Time Investment Here's a surprising fact: each hour spent running adds about seven hours to your life . Think about that return on investment. Research shows regular physical activity adds between 0.4 to 6.9 years to your life expectancy . Even after accounting for other factors, you still gain 0.4 to 4.2 extra years . The sweet spot? About 4.5 hours of running weekly. Running more won't decrease these benefits, but the life-extending effects level off after this point . Living Better, Not Just Longer Time matters less than how well you live those years. A fascinating 21-year study tracked runners and non-runners . After two decades, runners showed significantly better daily function than their non-running peers . The benefits reach far beyond physical abilities. Your brain stays sharper, and age-related conditions become less likely. Your risk of cataracts drops by 41% . Even more impressive - runners show brain and muscle function matching people decades younger . Most striking of all: highly active individuals can reduce their biological age by up to 9 years . Your body literally ages more slowly with each running step. The evidence speaks clearly - running doesn't just extend life, it helps you thrive through those extra years. Your Running Legacy: More Than Just Exercise Did you know each hour of running adds seven hours to your life? This remarkable discovery proves what runners have felt intuitively - adds approximately seven hours to your life. Your body's ancient design for endurance running, combined with powerful cellular benefits, creates nature's perfect anti-aging system. Think beyond simple life extension. Every run triggers a cascade of age-fighting processes inside your body. From protecting your DNA's telomeres to supercharging your cellular powerhouses, running rewires your biology for youth. These microscopic changes add up to real-world benefits: sharper thinking, stronger muscles, and a healthier heart that keeps beating strong through the years. Here's the most exciting part: your body's response to running doesn't depend on age or fitness level. Whether you start in your 20s or your 60s, running delivers powerful benefits. The science speaks clearly - regular runners can reduce your biological age by up to a decade while enjoying a richer, more active life. Remember this next time you lace up your running shoes: you're not just exercising. You're tapping into millions of years of human evolution, activating your body's built-in youth preservation system. That simple act of stepping out your door might be the most powerful move you can make toward a longer, more vibrant life. FAQs Q1. How does running impact the aging process? Running can significantly slow down the aging process by reducing the accumulation of age-related compounds in connective tissues, preserving telomere length, and improving mitochondrial function. Regular runners may have a biological age up to 10 years younger than their chronological age. Q2. Can running improve my appearance and make me look younger? Yes, running can contribute to a more youthful appearance. It improves circulation, promotes skin health, and helps maintain muscle tone. However, it's important to stay hydrated, eat nutritiously, and protect your skin from sun damage during outdoor runs to maximize these benefits. Q3. What are the long-term health benefits of running for different age groups? Running offers unique benefits at every life stage. Young adults can build peak performance and establish healthy habits. Middle-aged runners maintain cardiovascular health and cognitive function. Seniors who run experience improved walking efficiency, better balance, and enhanced cognitive abilities compared to non-runners. Q4. How much running is needed to see anti-aging benefits? Studies show that even 5-10 minutes of daily running at a moderate pace can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. The life-extending benefits of running seem to plateau at about 4.5 hours per week, but running more doesn't decrease these gains. Q5. Does running affect brain health and cognitive function as we age? Yes, running has a positive impact on brain health and cognitive function. It increases blood flow to the brain, promotes the growth of new brain cells, and can increase the size of the hippocampus, which is responsible for memory and learning. Regular runners often show brain function comparable to people decades younger. References - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8202894/ - https://www.runnersworld.com/news/a35406005/telomere-length-aging-exercise-meta-analysis/ - https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317417 - https://www.trainingpeaks.com/blog/the-power-and-importance-of-mitochondria/ - https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.660068/full - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6607712/ - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4131752/ - https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/health-benefits-running - https://www.bronsonhealth.com/news/five-ways-running-improves-your-heart-health/ - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-01654-z - https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/the-truth-behind-runners-high-and-other-mental-benefits-of-running - https://www.tomsguide.com/wellness/fitness/im-a-personal-trainer-3-ways-to-build-and-maintain-muscle-mass-for-runners - https://rpstrength.com/blogs/articles/how-endurance-training-affects-muscle-retention-and-growth?srsltid=AfmBOooouSmVlO8yLVpCUzJk30ZGCHWEQFK9hPsD4hE4jFY2OBySscVP - https://www.biology.utah.edu/bioundercover/endurance-running-and-the-evolution-of-homo/ - https://www.brandeis.edu/stories/2024/august/how-running-made-us-human.html - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/ultraendurance-athletic-performance-suggests-that-energetics-drive-human-morphological-thermal-adaptation/226188FF2ED36A96DB65DDC1CD2F3007 - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3356485/ - https://www.livescience.com/health/why-are-humans-good-long-distance-runners - https://fitnessfatale.com/blog/2022/04/29/running-in-20s-vs-30s/ - https://www.runnersworld.com/training/a20822642/running-your-best-in-your-20s-com/ - https://propelphysiotherapy.com/exercise/running-for-seniors/ - https://www.inslifeguard.com.au/benefits-of-running-for-seniors - https://www.runnersworld.com/health-injuries/a46648326/running-benefits-for-seniors/ - https://www.runnersworld.com/news/a26868910/benefits-exercise-after-middle-age/ - https://time.com/5720772/running-helps-you-live-longer/ - https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/12/well/move/an-hour-of-running-may-add-seven-hours-to-your-life.html - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3395188/ - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3175643/ - https://runrepeat.com/what-running-does-to-your-body Read the full article

[sunaleisocial]

MIT engineers design tiny batteries for powering cell-sized robots

New Post has been published on https://sunalei.org/news/mit-engineers-design-tiny-batteries-for-powering-cell-sized-robots/

MIT engineers design tiny batteries for powering cell-sized robots

A tiny battery designed by MIT engineers could enable the deployment of cell-sized, autonomous robots for drug delivery within in the human body, as well as other applications such as locating leaks in gas pipelines.

The new battery, which is 0.1 millimeters long and 0.002 millimeters thick — roughly the thickness of a human hair — can capture oxygen from air and use it to oxidize zinc, creating a current of up to 1 volt. That is enough to power a small circuit, sensor, or actuator, the researchers showed.

“We think this is going to be very enabling for robotics,” says Michael Strano, the Carbon P. Dubbs Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT and the senior author of the study. “We’re building robotic functions onto the battery and starting to put these components together into devices.”

Ge Zhang PhD ’22 and Sungyun Yang, an MIT graduate student, are the lead author of the paper, which appears in Science Robotics.

Powered by batteries

For several years, Strano’s lab has been working on tiny robots that can sense and respond to stimuli in their environment. One of the major challenges in developing such tiny robots is making sure that they have enough power.

Other researchers have shown that they can power microscale devices using solar power, but the limitation to that approach is that the robots must have a laser or another light source pointed at them at all times. Such devices are known as “marionettes” because they are controlled by an external power source. Putting a power source such as a battery inside these tiny devices could free them to roam much farther.

“The marionette systems don’t really need a battery because they’re getting all the energy they need from outside,” Strano says. “But if you want a small robot to be able to get into spaces that you couldn’t access otherwise, it needs to have a greater level of autonomy. A battery is essential for something that’s not going to be tethered to the outside world.”

To create robots that could become more autonomous, Strano’s lab decided to use a type of battery known as a zinc-air battery. These batteries, which have a longer lifespan than many other types of batteries due to their high energy density, are often used in hearing aids.

The battery that they designed consists of a zinc electrode connected to a platinum electrode, embedded into a strip of a polymer called SU-8, which is commonly used for microelectronics. When these electrodes interact with oxygen molecules from the air, the zinc becomes oxidized and releases electrons that flow to the platinum electrode, creating a current.

In this study, the researchers showed that this battery could provide enough energy to power an actuator — in this case, a robotic arm that can be raised and lowered. The battery could also power a memristor, an electrical component that can store memories of events by changing its electrical resistance, and a clock circuit, which allows robotic devices to keep track of time.

The battery also provides enough power to run two different types of sensors that change their electrical resistance when they encounter chemicals in the environment. One of the sensors is made from atomically thin molybdenum disulfide and the other from carbon nanotubes.

“We’re making the basic building blocks in order to build up functions at the cellular level,” Strano says.

Robotic swarms

In this study, the researchers used a wire to connect their battery to an external device, but in future work they plan to build robots in which the battery is incorporated into a device.

“This is going to form the core of a lot of our robotic efforts,” Strano says. “You can build a robot around an energy source, sort of like you can build an electric car around the battery.”

One of those efforts revolves around designing tiny robots that could be injected into the human body, where they could seek out a target site and then release a drug such as insulin. For use in the human body, the researchers envision that the devices would be made of biocompatible materials that would break apart once they were no longer needed.

The researchers are also working on increasing the voltage of the battery, which may enable additional applications.

The research was funded by the U.S. Army Research Office, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, and a MathWorks Engineering Fellowship.

[ivyandbone]

Native planting, community, and land

Today was a pretty incredible day.

Work was cancelled. Free day in the middle of the week. Bad for my checkbook, good for my mental and spiritual health.

This morning was volunteer time at the butterfly garden. I helped a member pot a bunch of winecups so they'd be ready for the spring plant sale and I got to take a few home with me. After was lunch with the volunteer crew, and after that I followed a member home to pick up yet more plants. I spent a few hours at her house, her showing me around her front and back yard at all her native plants and her new landscaping, digging up the plants I was going to take home, potting them, then hanging out and chatting for a bit after.

When I got home I continued my work on my front yard, pulling up grass from a bed that got away from me in order to plant some of the new plants that were ready for it(the plants dug up and potted today have to wait a a couple weeks in shade to grow out their disturbed root systems).

While I was digging in the bed it finally happened. Someone in the neighborhood complimented my flowers. Currently the only things flowering are the bluebonnets, pink ladies/pink evening primrose, and bearded irises.

It was a simple compliment. "I like your flowers." It means the world.

Maybe ten minutes after that one of the older neighborhood boys, maybe 15 or 16, comes by on his way to hang out with his friend 2 houses down, joined by his friend's younger brother who's probably 8 or 9, and says he likes my flowers too. He asks me how long it took to grow them. When I said I planted the seeds in October it seemed to really wrinkle his brain, and I talked a little about the plants I have growing and why they took that long to grow and flower. Maybe ten minutes after that the younger boy comes back over to my yard and starts asking me questions about my plants. What's growing, what the names of the ones flowering are, why I'm playing in the dirt(I was weeding), he would point to plants to ask about them and I showed him around the yard a bit. My favorite question that he kept asking was how old a plant was.

Does anyone wonder how old a plant that isn't a tree is? Probably not, having much shorter lifespans that we can easily see for ourselves. But what they do with that short amount of time, that single season in some cases, is incredible. What hardships they endure over winter in order to bloom in spring and summer. What hardships they endure currently, as my coreopsis are being defoliated by leaf beetle larvae. Coreopsis aren't their normal host plants, so even though the beetles are native my yard is out of balance because their natural predators don't know that that's where they need to find their food now. I prayed to Cernunnos at last Saturday's spring equinox ritual to help these tiny hunters find their prey.

It was very exciting. This is one of the goals I had when I started planting native plants. I didn't realize I'd hit it within my first year; I didn't start until the spring plant sale in May last year! People in my neighborhood are seeing my work, and they are being positively impacted!

With that interaction I learned that I knew more about my yard than I realized. Or rather, showing it to someone and talking about the plants was like realizing the normally loose leaf pieces of paper my notes are written on form a cohesive book.

I keep writing about my native planting on my witchcraft and paganism blog and I don't know if I've talked about how it relates, or if people can figure that out without me needing to say it. I feel like it can be sussed out with my personal writings on here, but I'm going to talk about it on this post anyways. This is related to my post the other night but not about that, I'm still planning on writing that post but I was too tired after work to do it.

This is what connecting with the land means to me. Yes, there are spaces where I can go and walk and sit among trees and plants in my neighborhood because I'm very lucky like that, and I need to get back out and do it again, but there's a different energy when you are the one shaping and cultivating the land. Building relation with the plants in my own yard, connecting with the land and the land spirits by restoring it.

Witchy books come out all the time talking about connecting with the land and what you can plant at home for a magical garden, but honestly I wonder how much you can truly connect with the land when you plant things that aren't native. What connection does that plant have with the land? What relationship does it have with the environment? What eats it, what benefits from it that's not a honeybee(itself an invasive non-native that out competes native bees and does a worse job pollinating native flowers)? If it escapes containment what sort of ecological damage can it do(how invasive is it)?

I plant native as an act of building relationship with the land in connection with all it's components, the bugs and the birds, the fungi, the spiders and snakes and lizards. There's no books, no guides on how to incorporate the plants of this land into a magical practice(by which I mean ready made correspondences and uses). It would be SO regional! The plants native in my area won't all be the same plants even 10 miles away! Hard to make a halfway decent selling book when only a tiny portion of even 1 state can use it. Plus, I believe you should take indigenous culture into account, learn which plants have special rules and respect them. Purchase from indigenous businesses when possible, and some plants shouldn't be purchased at all, only given as gifts.

So I gotta do it myself, and that's fine. Bree's post that I reblogged earlier will go a long way to making that easier.

[zespaceblog]

The Orbit of Mars

Over the last year, Mars in our sky suddenly slowed down, went backwards, then began to move again.

This behavior occurs with all the outer planets, but why does it happen ? It was certainly one of the key features that perplexed the ancient Greeks, who had to invent seven heavens to explain the weird route in which each object in the sky appeared to move, only much later when we realised the Sun was the centre of our system, did this oddity get explained.

Apparent Retrograde Motion as it's called, is caused when a planet further to us with a larger orbit around the sun appears to slow down and go backwards as our own planet arches around the Sun on its own orbit. Above you can see the Earth in blue, and Mars in Red, and see how the angle changes as Earth moves from 3 to 4 and to 5.

This lovely gif puts the Earth at the centre and shows how the Sun and Mars appear as we move around the Sun.

As Mars is the closest planet to us further out from the Sun, it's motion is much more pronounced that it is for Jupiter and Saturn, but once you know this fact, you can also use maths to calculate the difference in distance too !

In theory the effect would also relate to stars that orbit further out from the centre of our galaxy, however only visible over hundreds of millions of years, and so our tiny human lifespan won't get the wonder as we can with one that happens within 9 months.

[thewinegrannie]

My knowledge of Sandman beyond the show is not great, but I've had a small idea poke at me recently.

We have in the show an established fact that if 1,000 people (+more, creatures?) dream of something, they achieve the power of creation, as we saw in dream of cats

So if we have many people dream of a thing at one moment achieve the power of creation, I am thinking, given enough time and intensity of thought, would not a single person achieve the same?

It is not at all possible to achieve within a human's natural lifespan, but as Dream's second meeting with Hob looms, he starts feeling like he's being watched in the Dreaming, a shadow of a presence he isn't entirely familiar with.

Hob's continued existence births a tiny dream out of his unidentified longings