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Stages Of Filtration In A Wastewater Management System

Heavy and intense rains and storms have the potential to lead to water accumulation on the level surfaces such as roads and pavements and also on rooftops. This can be potentially damaging for the surroundings and also for buildings and if left unchecked, can even cause flooding. An ideal solution to manage such excess water is the installation of wastewater management systems. Let us first try and understand the different stages of water treatment in the rain and stormwater management system:

1. Collection: The runoff from rainwater and stormwater is first collected in a large tank or reservoir through a network of pipes. These pipes may work through the action of gravity or may require pumps to send the water to the main tank. If the wastewater is collected from rooftops using drain pipes from rain pipe machine manufacturers, then siphonic drainage systems may also be used.

2. Coagulation: In the reservoir or water tank of the wastewater management system, first, coagulation is carried out to remove the majority of the contaminants. Chemicals may be added for this purpose which remove the fine particles by combining them with the heavy particles in the water which settle at the bottom of the tank by the action of gravity.

3. Flocculation: In this step, the water is sent into a chamber where it is slowly churned with long-chain polymers which attach to the residue dirt and micro particles and create visible particles which can be separated out.

4. Sedimentation: The water from the flocculation chamber in the stormwater management systems is drained into another chamber where it is circulated and then allowed to settle. During the settling process, the solid particles that remain in the water sink to the bottom of the tank to form a sludge. 

5. Filtration: In this stage, the water is filtered using sand filters or multi-bed filters present in the rainwater management systems. After this, the water is allowed to flow into the drains if it is to be joined with the main sewage for outflow into water bodies.

6. Chlorination:  If the filtered water is to be put back into use, then it undergoes a further stage of filtration. This can be either chlorination or UV filtration of the water for further refinement.

7. Supply: The chlorinated water is supplied though a separate network of pipes and water pipe connector and supplied for utilization.  

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