christopherdawsonny

[christopherdawsonny]

On June 23, 2021, Answer the Call-New York Police and Fire’s Widow’s and Children’s Benefit Fund held the 36th Annual Game and Family Day at the New York Mets’ Citi Field park. The annual event brings together beneficiaries of the Widow’s and Children’s Benefit Fund, facilitating communal sharing and engagement. The beneficiaries include families of police officers, firefighters, EMS personnel, and other first responders who died in the line of duty.

The 2021 event coincided with a game between the New York Mets and the Atlanta Braves. The event kicked off at the Bullpen Plaza, where the fund’s beneficiaries received Mets jerseys and hats. Afterward, they enjoyed a pre-game celebration that included food, snacks, drinks, and family activities. Families took photos together at a booth, and children received balloon creations. Some even tried their luck at a raffle and won amazing prizes, including Barbie dolls and a bat autographed by Michael Conforto.

Top officials from the New York Police Department (NYPD) also attended the event. They included NYPD Commissioner Dermot Shea and 1st Deputy Commissioner Benjamin Tucker. Widow’s and Children’s Benefit Fund board members Larry Schloss and Stephen Dannhauser also attended.

After the pre-game family dinner, guests proceeded to the Home Plate for a special award ceremony. Fund representatives awarded the 2021 Spirit Award to Amazon for its support of beneficiaries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two Amazon employees, Connor Ginley and Nicole Demby received the award on behalf of the company. Both employees are children of fallen NYPD officers.

Then came the big game. Three children of fallen NYPD officers made the first pitch of the game. They were Robert Cardona, Trevor McDonnell, and Elina Murray. After the first pitch, Mathew Ferrugia, son of New York City Fire Department fallen hero Joseph Ferrugia, sang the national anthem. The game started afterward and ended with the Mets winning 7-3.

The annual Game and Family Day has a long history that dates back to 1985 when Daniel J. “Rusty” Staub organized the first picnic and day of baseball for families of fallen NYPD heroes at Shea Stadium, then home to the Mets. Rusty played professional baseball for the Mets, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, Montreal Expos, and Texas Rangers. He is a member of the Mets’, Rangers’, and Astros’ Halls of Fame and even had his jersey with the Expos retired.

A renowned philanthropist outside the field, Rusty was eager to support families of fallen police officers, having seen firsthand how the death of his uncle, a police officer, devastated his extended family emotionally and financially. He organized the first picnic for the widows, widowers, and children of fallen officers in 1985. After that first event, he held others every year with the help of supporters, reminding the families of fallen heroes that the community remembered the sacrifices of their loved ones.

The annual picnic grew into Game and Family Day, while Rusty’s vision grew to become Answer the Call-New York Police and Fire’s Widow’s and Children’s Benefit Fund. The fund organizes the annual Game and Family Day and other events for families of fallen heroes to socialize and build friendly communities. The fund also raises funds from generous supporters and distributes these to the families of fallen heroes.

When a first responder dies, the fund gives $25,000 to support the family of the deceased and, afterward, gives an annual stipend to the widow or widower of the deceased for the remainder of their lives. Persons interested in donating to the fund can find details on how to do it through its donate page (https://www.answerthecall.org/get-involved/donate/).

[christopherdawsonny]

Founded in 2008, GitHub is an open-source website and cloud-based service that takes a lot of the complexity out of coding. It allows teams of developers and coding experts to share ideas and processes to create innovative software. Developers can store and manage codes on the GitHub website and track changes made by others; additionally, users can merge projects with coding created by other developers and receive feedback on bugs and new features via pull requests and built-in code reviews. More than 73 million developers from in excess of 4 million organizations have used GitHub to create and maintain their proprietary software.

To fully understand exactly what GitHub is and how it works, it’s important to know the principles of version control and Git.

In essence, version control allows developers to safely work on aspects of a code base without altering the official source code. This is performed via branching and merging. The former refers to the duplication of a specific part of the source code, known as the repository. Once the appropriate changes are made and the code functions as intended, developers can merge the altered code back into the source code.

Git, meanwhile, is one of many types of open-source version control systems. Linus Torvalds created the system in 2005 to facilitate easier branching and merging functions for developers. Git predecessors like Subversion and CVS only allowed developers to make changes directly to the central repository. Through Git, developers copy this repository to their own system, make alterations on their local copy, and then upload those changes to the central server.

GitHub, then, is a repository hosting service exclusive to Git that promotes collaboration and community as well as automation and security. The website offers access control in addition to collaborative features including basic task management tools for user projects.

GitHub’s primarily functionality is forking, which is the term given to the copying of a repository from one account to another. Pull requests are notifications that allow developers to share changes they made to another developer’s code. The original developer can then merge those changes with the simple click of a button. Once a pull request is submitted, the developer of the original code can access the profile of the user who made changes and review their credentials and prior work.

Other notable features include GitHub Actions, which allow developers to enhance DevOps, optimize workflows, and set up CI/CD, among other actions, via automated events such as push, release, and issue creation. There are more than 5,000 automated actions on the website for developers to implement in their projects. Developers can also write and submit their own automation actions in GitHub’s world-class editor.

Microsoft purchased GitHub for $7.5 billion in 2018 in one of Silicon Valley’s largest strategic value deals. Two years prior, Microsoft had acquired LinkedIn for $26 billion, or 7.2 times its annual recurring revenue at the time; its acquisition of GitHub was for nearly 30 times the company’s revenue. GitLab, a competitor that provides similar services, was worth $16.5 billion when it debuted on the Nasdaq in October 2021.

[christopherdawsonny]

Basketball is one of the world’s most popular sports, having reached all parts of the globe since its creation in 1891. There are dozens of professional leagues spanning six continents, while the National Basketball Association (NBA) is a multibillion-dollar industry wherein the average team is valued at nearly $2.5 billion. The New York Knicks, at $5.8 billion, are the most valuable of the league’s 30 franchises. However, in the early 1890s, the sport was no more than a fun gym class activity at Springfield College.

Football players at Springfield College, then known as the International YMCA Training School, were required to participate in indoor recreational activities during the winter of 1891-92 under the instruction of James Naismith, who led the school’s gym class. However, the students found programming like apparatus work, marching, and calisthenics to be less enjoyable than warm-weather sports like football and lacrosse.

Naismith, a second-year graduate student recently named to the physical education teaching faculty, was motivated to create an indoor game that would keep the students entertained and engaged. After much consideration, he devised a game that combined elements of popular sports at the time such as lacrosse, soccer, and rugby, as well as a childhood game he played in his native Canada that he called “duck on a rock.”

Naismith intended to use two 18-inch square boxes as goals for the game, but instead settled on a pair of peach baskets given to him by the school janitor. He nailed the baskets to each end of the gymnasium balcony and subsequently created the original 13 rules for the game, dictating how the ball would be moved and what would be considered a foul.

The first-ever basketball game played in Naismith’s class was split into two 15-minute halves and featured nine players per side: three guards, three forwards, and three centers. Nobody had the idea to cut holes in the bottom of the peach baskets, so somebody had to be stationed near the balcony to collect the ball from the basket after each successful shot. The sport quickly reached other YMCAs and expanded to other countries because of Springfield College’s diverse international student body.

Naismith, a standout multi-sport athlete at McGill University in Montreal before arriving at Springfield College, maintained involvement with basketball in subsequent years. After graduating from Colorado University’s Gross Medical School in 1898, he joined the University of Kansas as associate professor of physical culture and chapel director. He founded the school’s men’s basketball program that year and coached the team until 1907.

Following several years of service as chaplain with the Kansas Army National Guard’s First Kansas Infantry and YMCA during the First World War, Naismith returned to the University of Kansas and spent nearly two decades as its campus physician and director of athletics. Basketball was an Olympic sport by the time of his death in 1939.

Coincidentally, the Knicks and the Toronto Huskies played the first-ever NBA game seven years later in Naismith’s home country of Canada. A hall of fame for the sport was created in his honor in 1959. Today, the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts, is a 40,000-square-foot facility that preserves and celebrates the sport across all levels.

[christopherdawsonny]

The 2021 season was a good year for the average PGA TOUR golfer. According to PGA TOUR stats, the average golfer earned $1.49 million last season, up from just $1.02 million the year prior. It’s also the highest average earnings total in PGA TOUR history. This is true even with excluding the $15 million first-place prize and other bonuses for the FedEx Cup.

Jon Rahm, the winner of the 2021 U.S. Open, led all players on the PGA TOUR with $7.71 million in prize money through 22 events in 2021. He averaged $350,269.68 per tournament. A 27-year-old native of Barrika, Spain, Rahm enjoyed the best year of his career since turning pro in 2016. He recorded 15 top-10 finishes, including second-place results at the TOUR Championship and ZOZO CHAMPIONSHIP @ SHERWOOD.

Rahm finished six-under-par at the 2021 U.S. Open at Torrey Pines Golf Club in La Jolla, California. He defeated second-place finisher Louis Oosthuizen, by one stroke and secured the $2.25 million first prize. Oosthuizen, who holds the distinction of earning the most money ($6.31 million) without a single tournament victory in 2021, won $1.35 million for his second-place finish. Xander Schauffele, Scott Scheffler, Sungjae Im, and Corey Conners earned at least $4 million without winning a single tournament.

Patrick Cantlay finished second with $7.64 million in earnings in 2021. The UCLA alumnus recorded seven top-10 finishes and won the TOUR Championship, BMW Championship, the Memorial Tournament presented by Nationwide, and the ZOZO CHAMPIONSHIP @ SHERWOOD. He had only won two tournaments before the 2021 season.

Despite earning slightly less than Rahm, Cantlay earned the 2021 PGA TOUR Player of the Year award in September via a vote from fellow PGA TOUR players. Rahm fared better in the four major championships, but Cantlay was consistent in other PGA TOUR events as he recorded 17 top-25 finishes. He also scored a close victory over Rahm in the TOUR Championship.

Bryson DeChambeau won $7.43 million, his most since the 2017-18 season, to finish in third place on the PGA TOUR money list in 2021. A 28-year-old alumnus of Southern Methodist University, DeChambeau won the Arnold Palmer Invitational and the 2020 U.S. Open, delayed three months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the first major championship victory for DeChambeau, who recorded nine top-10 finishes last season.

Collin Morikawa experienced a breakthrough year in only his third season on the PGA TOUR. The 24-year-old American earned $7.06 million and recorded eight top-10 finishes, including victories at the World Golf Championships-Workday Championship at The Concession and The Open Championship. Morikawa shot 15-under-par at the 149th Open Championship at Royal St. George’s Golf Club in England to win his second major championship. He earned $2.07 million in prize money for the tournament victory.

Despite finishing fifth on the PGA TOUR money list in 2021, it was a relatively down year for Justin Thomas. The 28-year-old University of Alabama alumnus earned $6.54 million last season but ranked first in earnings in 2020 ($7.34 million), 2018 ($8.69 million), and 2017 ($9.92 million). A 14-time winner on the PGA TOUR, Thomas won THE PLAYERS Championship and recorded seven top-10 finishes in 2021.

[christopherdawsonny]

Answer the Call, founded by former Major league Baseball (MLB) player and New York Mets Hall of Fame inductee Daniel J. “Rusty” Staub in 1985, is a nonprofit organization that provides critical funding to the families of first responders who lost their lives in the line of duty. In 2021, Answer the Call distributed more than $6.2 million to more than 500 families. The organization can sponsor these families through the generosity of supporters and major fundraising events such as its Annual Gala.

Answer the Call’s 36th Annual Gala took place on October 21 at Cipriani Wall Street in New York City. Approximately 900 people attended the event, and supporters combined with raising $4.3 million for Answer the Call beneficiaries. This allowed the organization to send each family a one-time check in addition to the annual stipend in 2021.

Dozens of businesses and philanthropists provided sponsorship funding for Answer the Call’s 36th Annual Gala. AIG, Citi, and Trilantic North America were among the five Champion of Hope sponsors. In contrast, other sponsors included Bloomberg Philanthropies, Kristen and Andy Shapiro, Stone Point Capital, and Catherine and Michael Aiello. Philip V. Moyles, Jr., president of the board at Answer the Call and executive vice president of EPIC, was honored at the event for his longtime support of the N.Y Police & Fire Widows’ & Children’s Benefit Fund. Moyles, Jr. was appointed president in 2015 and has served on the board since May 2007.

Answer the Call had honored a special guest at each of its annual gala events dating back to its inaugural ceremony in 1986 when it honored Peter Ueberroth. A former United States Olympic hopeful, Ueberroth served as president and CEO of the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee for the 1984 Games. That same year, he was elected commissioner of MLB. He served four years as commissioner of the league and oversaw leaguewide attendance increases and a vigilant anti-drug campaign. He also successfully negotiated a four-year, $1.1 billion broadcast partnership contract with CBS.

The following year, Answer the Call honored eventual president Donald Trump. It honored William Voute (1988), Daniel Tully (1989), and Milton Petrie (1990) in subsequent years before honoring its founder, Daniel Staub, in 1991. Since then, it has honored various business executives, politicians, celebrities, and athletes. The nonprofit honored three people, including former New York Rangers captain and two-time Stanley Cup champion Mark Messier and actor Harrison Ford, in 2008. Former New York mayors Michael Bloomberg, Rudy Guliani, Edward Koch, and David Dinkens were the guests of honor at Answer the Call’s 2009 Annual Gala.

More recently, Answer the Call honored executives such as Peter Zaffino (2015), Edward Skyler (2018), and James Zelter (2019). Zaffino, an experienced insurance executive, was president and CEO at Marsh when he was honored and now functions as chairman and CEO at AIG. Skyler, meanwhile, is a former deputy mayor for operations for the City of New York who worked in the Bloomberg administration from 2002 to 2010. He now serves as executive vice president for global public affairs at Citi. Zelter is co-president at Apollo Asset Management.

[christopherdawsonny]

Located in Gambier, Ohio, Kenyon College comprises nearly 1750 students and 200 faculty and staff. Kenyon is known for creating the model of professors serving as academic advisors, and it offers a comprehensive and deep curriculum of 50 majors, minors, and concentrations. For example, Kenyon’s economics major integrates theory, data, analytical models, public policy issues, and quantitative research methods to help students acknowledge and predict social behavior.

Economics students at Kenyon learn how to build, test, and review behavior models and examine how each agent, whether a consumer, worker, firm, or government, interacts in the markets at the individual and economy-wide level. Besides engaging in microeconomic and macroeconomic analyses, they learn how to examine key social problems, such as pollution, unemployment, gender, and race, and then evaluate the public-policy proposals created as solutions to these issues.

The main goal of the College’s department of economics is to help its majors acquire some abilities such as understanding and utilizing economic models, understanding and interpreting economic data, applying economic analysis, focusing on public policy issues, and appreciating each theoretical economic model’s powers and limitations.

Each of Kenyon’s economics courses introduces interdisciplinarity, and all of them are designed to help students develop communication skills and think analytically and rigorously. For example, some courses focus on the principles of microeconomics, macroeconomics, introduction to econometrics, poverty in developing countries, business cycles, game theory, and economics of women and work.

ECON 101, or the principles of microeconomics, studies questions related to economic choice and efficiency and social welfare. Through this subject, Kenyon students learn producer and consumer behavior theories and understand how each approach can be used to foresee the consequences of government, business, and individual actions. Some topics that ECON 101 covers include supply and demand analysis, the gains from trade, price controls, consumer choice, and more.

On the other hand, poverty in developing countries, or ECON 300, counts toward the seminar requirement for the major. It focuses on the potential causes of persistent poverty in developing countries by exploring issues such as poor health, food deprivation, high population growth, and substandard education. In this seminar, Kenyon economics students can analyze empirical evidence on local entrepreneurship and microfinance, practice conventional econometrics techniques, the principles of behavioral economics, and more.

Economics of women and work, or ECON 378, is another subject that counts toward the seminar requirement for the major. It examines the role of women in the labor market and how this role has changed throughout the years. ECON 378 compares women’s and men’s situations regarding labor supply, occupational choices, wage rates, and unemployment levels. The seminar also tackles several economic models’ explanations about the differences between labor market outcomes for women and men. Moreover, the economics of women and work evaluate some existing public policy proposals created to solve gender differences in wages and work opportunities.

Kenyon economics majors may choose among several career paths after graduating. For instance, some typical first jobs and positions for graduates are an investment banking analyst at VU Venture Partners, a technology investment banking analyst at UBS Warburg, a financial advisor at Morgan Stanley, a business analyst at Aberdeen Standard Investments; among others. Kenyon’s website also lists typical career paths in other companies.

[christopherdawsonny]

Headquartered in New York City, New York, Flatiron School is a tech-focused academic institution that offers online and in-person programming to help individuals pursue careers in software engineering, product design, data science, and cybersecurity. Creators Adam Enbar and Avi Flombaum launched the accelerated programming school in 2012 in the Flatiron District of Manhattan and made its education model available to people worldwide in 2015 via a partnership with the gamified online learning platform Learn.co. Today, Flatiron School offers free introductory and immersive bootcamp courses. It also strives to develop a more diverse and inclusive tech community through various scholarships.

Flatiron School offers the Women Take Tech scholarship to help advance gender equality in the tech community. There was still a two-to-one ratio of male to female employees in the tech sector as recently as July 2020, but Flatiron is helping to close the gap in this regard. Since its inception, the school has awarded more than $1 million in funding to more than 1,000 women. Funding is provided through partnerships with like-minded companies and organizations such as Citi, Women Who Code, SeatGeek, Lyft, and the National Center for Women & Information Technology.

In Flatiron’s January 2021 Jobs Report, 90 percent of women graduates accepted full-time jobs within the reporting period, compared to only 83 percent of men. Moreover, those who identified as women reported an average starting salary of nearly $4,000 higher than their male counterparts. In addition, 33 percent of the school’s graduates identified as women as of Flatiron’s latest jobs report. In 2019, women accounted for only 21 percent of bachelor’s degrees in computer and information science awarded by all other institutions.

More recently, Flatiron introduced the OneTen Tech Scholarship to provide educational opportunities in computer science for Black Americans. Announced in October 2021, the $5,000 scholarship will be made available to Black students without a 4-year degree. Recipients are selected by the scholarship committee and receive $5,000 in funding toward the program of their choice.

Flatiron also introduced the Essential Workers Scholarship in 2021 to promote applicants with more diverse experiences. Applicants must meet the federal guidelines to be considered essential workers and have to complete the three-phase admissions process, which includes an interview and a test. Scholarship recipients can begin their selected programs with no deposit down and receive as much as $1,500 in funding. The scholarship was initiated to provide alternative career options to essential workers who feel fatigued or overwhelmed from the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In addition to the aforementioned scholarships, Flatiron offers the Access Scholarship to individuals with societal or other barriers to education. This includes women, underrepresented minorities, military veterans, and people who identify as LGBTQ+. Flatiron awards as many as 50 scholarships per month, each of which are worth up to $3,000. It intends to award $1.5 million in funding to more than 500 students through the Access Scholarship program.

Finally, Flatiron’s Merit Scholarship is available to students of all backgrounds, as long as they have a high school diploma or GED and have exhibited passion for computer science in either their written application, admissions interview, or admissions assessment. Scholarship recipients can receive as much as $2,000 in tuition credit.

[christopherdawsonny]

Player salaries in the National Basketball Association (NBA) have increased substantially over the past few decades. The average annual salary for NBA players in the 2021-22 season was $7.9 million, representing an average annual growth of 8 percent from the 1990-91 season, when the average salary was $870,000. Patrick Ewing earned a league-best $4.25 million salary during the 1990-91 season, whereas Stephen Curry, James Harden, John Wall, Russell Westbrook, and Kevin Durant are due to make more than $42 million each in 2021-22.

A seven-time All-Star from Charlotte, North Carolina, Curry has spent his entire 13-year career with the Golden State Warriors and won three championships with the team. He’s also a two-time MVP and was named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team. Curry was selected by the Warriors seventh overall in the 2009 NBA Draft and signed a 5-year, $201 million contract with the team in 2017. He agreed to a 4-year, $215 million extension in August 2021 and was due to earn $45.8 million in salary in 2021-22. Curry will earn $59.6 million in salary during the final year of the contract in 2025-26.

Harden, meanwhile, was slated to earn $44.3 million in salary during the 2021-22 season. The nine-time All-Star and 2017-18 MVP’s salary has gradually increased since entering the league as a rookie with the Oklahoma City Thunder in 2009-10. Harden earned $4.1 million that season and, in October 2012, signed a 5-year, maximum-salary extension that increased his salary to $26.5 million by 2016-17. Harden has made more than $224 million in NBA salary and ranks among the top 15 all-time in that category.

Wall, who as of December had yet to play for the Rockets in 2021-22 as he sits out awaiting a trade, is tied with Harden for the second-highest salary in the league at $44.3 million. The five-time All-Star averaged 20.6 points, 6.9 assists, and 3.2 rebounds per game last year in his first season with the Rockets but was limited to only 40 games due to injury. He missed the entire 2019-20 season due to multiple injuries and was limited to 32 and 41 games, respectively, in the 2018-19 and 2017-18 seasons. Wall is in the final season of a 4-year, $170 million contract, but has a player option at $47.4 million for next season.

Westbrook, a two-time scoring leader and 2016-17 MVP, is making $44.2 million in his first season with the Los Angeles Lakers. The 14-year veteran is in the final year of a 5-year, $205 million contract signed with the Thunder in 2017, but has a $47 million player option for next season. Durant, meanwhile, is making $42 million this season with the Brooklyn Nets. He signed a 4-year, $164.3 million contract with the Warriors in July 2019 as part of a sign-and-trade with the Nets.

LeBron James, at $41.2 million, has the sixth-highest salary in the NBA for the 2021-22 season, but will make more money than any other player when factoring in off-court earnings. According to Forbes, James will earn an additional $70 million in endorsements and other ventures. In contrast, Curry and Durant will earn $47 million off the court this season.

[christopherdawsonny]

Flatiron School’s Data Science Program

Established in 2012 by Adam Enbar, a venture capitalist interested in education, and the self-taught computer programmer and teacher Avi Flombaum, Flatiron School is a global institution that trains people in skills such as software engineering, cybersecurity, product design, and data science. With several immersive programs on-campus and online with Learn.co, Flatiron School aims to help students launch a new tech career. Learn.co is Flatiron’s proprietary and gamified platform that allows those previously excluded from the bootcamp model to access the school’s programs online. The Flatiron School data science program is available to students interested in learning what is needed to become a data scientist and enter one of the most coveted sectors in the technology industry. Based on reviews from alumni, the Flatiron School’s data science bootcamp was named one of the best data science bootcamps for Q1 2021 by Career Karma, a leading authority in the bootcamp community. It is also a top-ranked coding bootcamp by Course Report, which considers several factors in its ranking process such as alumni and student reviews, financing options, and commitment to diversity, among others. The data science program curriculum covers five phases: data analysis and engineering, scientific computing and quantitative methods, machine learning fundamentals, advanced machine learning, and data science project. During the first phase, students learn the basics of data analysis and engineering, how to use Jupyter Notebooks, and perform basic Python programming and understand the most popular Python libraries used in data science. It is also in phase one that Flatiron students learn how to retrieve and use relational databases, organize and structure data,, and use SQL for data querying structured databases. Other items covered include functions, variables, data cleaning, lists, looping, web scraping, and Github. In phase two, students learn about combinations, permutations, and other basics of probability theory, as well as statistical distributions and the creation of samples to run A/B experiments. Ultimately, in the second phase of the curriculum, they build their first data science model using linear regression. During phases three and four, the main subject is machine learning. In the third phase, students learn about regression analysis and logistic regression, using cross-validation to validate regression models, and preventing overfitting through regularization. In addition, some items covered are linear algebra, pipeline building, and grid searches. The fourth phase, advanced machine learning, is where students are introduced to tools and techniques they will need to work with big data such as threading, multiprocessing, and AWS. The last phase is when Flatiron students work individually to create their final project. While working on this large-scale data science and machine learning undertaking, students get the chance to demonstrate what they have learned. Flatiron School offers the data science bootcamp at different locations and paces. It is possible to join as a full-time or part-time student, whether on campus or online. The program’s full-time structured pace is considered the fast-track schedule with more accountability. It takes 15 weeks for full-time students to graduate, attending live lectures and working on projects both solo and with other students from the same cohort. The daily schedule is from Monday to Friday, nine hours per day, including lunch and breaks. Besides the on-campus option, it is possible to attend classes online. With the flexible schedule, students may take 20, 40, or 60 weeks to complete the program. It has the same curriculum as the full-time option, but participants can set their own schedules and work independently. However, students can sign up for optional meetings with an instructor and for study groups. Working professionals with a busy schedule may benefit from this pace, also offered both on-campus and online.