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Monarch Butterfly Life Cycle/Ciclo de Vida Mariposa Monarca

#Monarch butterfly: #Larva, #pupa and #adult. #Mariposa Monarca: #Oruga, #pupa y #adulto

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Ladies' fingers, okra

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Prostate Cancer Prevention

Graviola pulp extract, guava and papaya leave extract, melatonin and cannabidiol respectively inhibit clonegenicity, proliferación, metastasis and induce apostosis of prostate cancer cells In vitro and In vivo.

Reference: Graviola inhibits hypoxia-induced NADPH oxidase activity in prostate cancer cells reducing their proliferation and clonogenicity. Deep G, Kumar R, Jain AK, Dhar D, Panigrahi GK, Hussain A, Agarwal C, El-Elimat T, Sica VP, Oberlies NH, Agarwal R. 2016. Sci Rep. 2016 Mar, 16;6:23135. doi: 10.1038/srep23135. Brain derived metastatic prostate cancer DU-145 cells are effectively inhibited in vitro by guava (Psidium gujava L.) leaf extracts. Chen, KC, Hsieh CL, Peng CC, Hsieh-Li HM, Chiang HS, Huang KD, Peng RY. Nutr. Cancer. 2007;58(1):93-106. Selective anti-proliferative activities of Carica papaya leaf juice extracts against prostate cancer. Pandey S, Walpole C, Cabot PJ, Shaw, PN, Batra J, Hewavitharana AK. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017, May;89:515-523. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.050. Epub 2017 Feb 27. Melatonin, a novel Sirt1 inhibitor, imparts antiproliferative effects against prostate cancer in vitro in culture and in vivo in TRAMP model. J Pineal Res. 2011 Mar;50(2):140-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2010.00823.x. Epub 2010 Nov 9. Cannabinoid receptor agonist-induced apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells LNCaP proceeds through sustained activation of ERK1/2 leading to G1 cell cycle arrest. Sarfaraz S, Afaq F, Adhami VM, Malik A, Mukhtar H. 2006, J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 22;281(51):39480-91. Epub 2006 Oct 26.

#Graviolapulp, #guavaleave, #papayaleave, #melatonin, #cannabidiol, #clonegenicity #anti-metastasis, #apostosis and #proliferation of #prostatecancer, #Invitro, #Invivo, #prostate, #cancer

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Chemoprevention of #oralcancer by topical application of #blackraspberries on high at-risk mucosa.

#Chemoprevention of #oralcancer by topical application of #blackraspberries on high at-risk mucosa. Warner BM, et al. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014. Show full citation Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preclinical efficacy of topical administration of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRBs) to inhibit the progression of premalignant oral lesions and modulate biomarkers of cancer development in high at-risk mucosa (HARM). STUDY DESIGN: Hamster cheek pouches (HCPs) were treated with carcinogen for 6 weeks to initiate a HARM microenvironment. Subsequently, right HCPs were topically administered a BRB suspension in short-term or long-term studies. After 12 weeks, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) multiplicity, SCC incidence, and cell proliferation rates were evaluated. mRNA expression was measured in short-term treated pouches for selected oral cancer biomarkers. RESULTS: SCC multiplicity (-41.3%), tumor incidence (-37.1%), and proliferation rate (-6.9%) were reduced in HCPs receiving BRBs. Topical BRBs correlated with an increase in RB1 expression in developing oral lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Topical BRBs inhibit SCC development when targeted to HARM tissues. These results support the translational role of BRBs to prevent oral cancer development in humans. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PMID 25457886 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID PMC4254525 Full text

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Melatonin alleviate Alzheimer's Disease

ABSTRACT Mechanisms of #Melatonin in Alleviating #Alzheimer's Disease. Shukla M, et al. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2017. Show full citation Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive and prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of higher cognitive functions and an associated loss of memory. The thus far "incurable" stigma for AD prevails because of variations in the success rates of different treatment protocols in animal and human studies. Among the classical hypotheses explaining AD pathogenesis, the amyloid hypothesis is currently being targeted for drug development. The underlying concept is to prevent the formation of these neurotoxic peptides which play a central role in AD pathology and trigger a multispectral cascade of neurodegenerative processes post-aggregation. This could possibly be achieved by pharmacological inhibition of β- or γ-secretase or stimulating the non-amyloidogenic α-secretase. Melatonin the pineal hormone is a multifunctioning indoleamine. Production of this amphiphilic molecule diminishes with advancing age and this decrease runs parallel with the progression of AD which itself explains the potential benefits of melatonin in line of development and devastating consequences of the disease progression. Our recent studies have revealed a novel mechanism by which melatonin stimulates the nonamyloidogenic processing and inhibits the amyloidogenic processing of β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) by stimulating α-secretases and consequently down regulating both β- and γ-secretases at the transcriptional level. In this review, we discuss and evaluate the neuroprotective functions of melatonin in AD pathogenesis, including its role in the classical hypotheses in cellular and animal models and clinical interventions in AD patients, and suggest that with early detection, melatonin treatment is qualified to be an anti-AD therapy. PMID 28294066 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Moon March 15, 2017 #allnatureshots #astronomy #moon_of_the_day #moonphases #moonlovers #moonshots #moonman #moons #moon #instadaily #love_natura #luna #love #2017 #fullmoon #marvelousmoonshots #stunning_shotz #nature_perfection #love_natura #moon_awards #nature_perfection #picoftheday #beautiful #instamood #photooftheday #tbt #me

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The Moon March 12, 2017

#allnatureshots #astronomy #moon_of_the_day #moonphases #moonlovers #moonshots #moonman #moons #moon #instadaily #love_natura #luna #love #2017 #fullmoon #marvelousmoonshots #stunning_shotz #nature_perfection #love_natura #moon_awards #nature_perfection #picoftheday #beautiful #instamood #photooftheday #tbt #me

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#Street #singer in #Shanghai #Park, #China

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Pineapple

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Heliconias

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Puertorrican zombie

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Pray for Paris

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Reflection

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Spindle Palm (Hyophorbe verschaffeltii), Puerto Rico Botanical Garden. Photos by J. Escudero©2015.

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Castillo San Felipe del Morro also known as Fort San Felipe del Morro or Morro Castle. A 16th-century citadel located in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Also a photo of a sentry box or “garita”, used by the Spanish soldiers or guards to protect the city walls night and day. Photos by J. Escudero©2015.

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Hotel El Convento photo (Left), located in the City of Old San Juan, Puerto Rico. The Hotel El Convento was a former Carmelite Convent dating back to 1651. Vacated by the nuns in 1903. Photo by J. Escudero©2015. Carmelita Convent (Right), 1898 photo, Old San Juan. Source: Wheeler, J. and J. de Olivares, 1898. Our Islands and Their People, Vol. 1, N. D. Thompson Publishing Co. NY.

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San Juan Bautista Cathedral. Named after Puerto Rico’s patron saint (Saint John the Baptist). Is located in the heart of Old San Juan on Cristo Street (Calle del Cristo). Built in 1540, is the second oldest cathedral in the western hemispere and has three domes. Also photo of the statue of Saint John the Baptist in the top of the Church. Photos by J. Escudero©2015.