josephafmp

[josephafmp]

APPENDIX 5

Here is a list of YouTube video’s I watched to help me learn Blender and some photos below to show my progress over a period of a few months. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4ySFm4ey9U&t=32s Create a Realistic City - Blender Tutorial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1ROxTnD3E0&t=398s Blender tutorial: How to Create a City, Covered with Fog 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCEN0qQOsIA&t=1163s How to Create a City in Blender 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFLtCi6yWnA&t=144s Create a Large City Building - Blender Tutorial 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qLh81C_Wfs Blender - Create a city in 8 clicks - Scene City 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJXu2xfdaQw Blender Tutorial : How to Create a City Landscape

After following these tutorials and making my city I decided to scrap it and start afresh. I didn't think the city was realistic enough but it also didn't look cyberpunk enough for me. Another reason for starting again was that I also didn’t want to have to use other peoples ‘Skins’ (building materials) to make my city. 

I re-started by looking at some sci-fi/ cyberpunk buildings, got some inspiration and began to create my city again. 

The buildings which inspired my new city.....

Below you can see a screenshot of some buildings that I created using the inspiration above. 

Now I needed to figure out how to light my city. I found a photograph I had taken in New York in 2011, cut around some windows and began adding them into Blender as emissions. 

This gave the city the illusion of having individual room lights turned on and this  made the city look populated. This also gave the buildings a night time effect. 

This however also wasn't going to be any good in the long run and I had to figure out another way of making the city looking lit up. 

The story of how I did this can be seen under CITY SCAPE in the main Research portfolio below where I describe using world textures. Look for (*) 

CG Geek (2016). Create a Realistic City - Blender Tutorial. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4ySFm4ey9U&t=32s [ Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Gleb Alexandrov (2014). Blender tutorial: How to Create a City, Covered with Fog. [Video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1ROxTnD3E0&t=398s [ Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Blender Guru (2012). How to Create a City in Blender. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCEN0qQOsIA&t=1163s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

CG Geek (2014). Create a Large City Building - Blender Tutorial. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFLtCi6yWnA&t=144s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Markom3D (2018). Blender - Create a city in 8 clicks - Scene City. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qLh81C_Wfs [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

CG Geek (2015). Blender Tutorial : How to Create a City Landscape. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJXu2xfdaQw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Allen, R. (n.d.). A little sci-fi. A little cyberpunk.. [image] Available at: https://makit3d.artstation.com/projects/XdREy [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

infered5 (2015). Sci-Fi Tower. [image] Available at: https://www.planetminecraft.com/project/sci-fi-tower/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

APPENDIX 4

Page 29

Page 28

Page 26/27

Page 25

Page 24

Bizony, P. (2001). Digital Domain. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.24,25,26,27,28,29.

[josephafmp]

APPENDIX 3

Attack of the Cyber Octopuses. (2017). [film] Directed by N. Piovesan. Estonia: Chaosmonger Studio. 

chaosmonger studio (2017). AOTCO Tutorial: How to make and shoot a futuristic city miniature - part 1. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuFBrVaeUAc&t=247s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

Appendix 2

The pages of the book I have used to research about projection. 

 Page 82

Page 83

Page 84

Page 85

Page 86

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.82,83,84,85,86.

[josephafmp]

Appendix 1

Whilst researching how to create a miniature city I watched a vlog production diary series for ‘Slice of Life’ (2017) Where they discussed in detail how they made certain elements of the buildings, other miniatures, how they filmed it etc.

Below is a list of videos that I watched to learn more about the process. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTDYe6yXzi4 SLICE OF LIFE - Los Angeles Diary 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhibNPSlQic Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 1 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxypg4FQdY Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 2 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grqHL4ok_1c Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 3 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHXQFbeP2dg Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 4 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__rHvDksq2E Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 5 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ-SVa9KDt4 Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 6 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLyyDXMiLms Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 7 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMKlJmlVVaQ Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 8 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTmykAglkz8 Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 9 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdRMg1KiFbc Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 10 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrRUdfiWvf4&t=187s Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 11 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI8e9ty1nDg Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 12 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vNzx6O6dyo&t=131s Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 13 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3M-uZDoYLQ&t=141s Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 14 - MINIATURES!!! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbeSdea2LQI PRODUCTION DIARY 15 - SOUND & MUSIC 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQmLtYaNf_0 PRODUCTION DIARY Introduction 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYvyz4XouUU Spinner model VIDEO 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pK5MjKrxx8 Slice of Life - "Alley shoot" B-ROLL 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMBm0EYwPZE Ditogear Evolution Motion Control Test for Slice of Life film 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcDJCZrwkLw Slice of Life - Official Trailer 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9UPUtlZUJ4 Creating the miniature sci-fi city in a garage - from junk!

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTw1DC4XP9M&t=107s SLICE OF LIFE - Traditional film techniques

I also contacted the creators of ‘Slice of Life’ (2017) to see how they created their billboards. I wanted to find out the material used and the method of projection. Below is a screenshot of their response.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Slice of Life. (2017). [film] Directed by L. Hrgovic and D. Julius. Croatia: Blue Creative, Brandomack Productions, Julius Film, Skalpel Studio.

Slice Of Life (2016). SLICE OF LIFE - Los Angeles Diary. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTDYe6yXzi4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 1. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhibNPSlQic Slice Of Life [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 2. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxypg4FQdY [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 3. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grqHL4ok_1c [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 4. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHXQFbeP2dg [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 5. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__rHvDksq2E [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 6. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ-SVa9KDt4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 7. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLyyDXMiLms [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 8. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMKlJmlVVaQ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 9. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTmykAglkz8 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 10 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdRMg1KiFbc [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 11 [video] Available at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrRUdfiWvf4&t=187s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 12 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI8e9ty1nDg [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 13 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vNzx6O6dyo&t=131s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 14 – MINIATURES!!! [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3M-uZDoYLQ&t=141s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2018). PRODUCTION DIARY 15 - SOUND & MUSIC [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbeSdea2LQI [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). PRODUCTION DIARY Introduction [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQmLtYaNf_0 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Spinner model VIDEO [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYvyz4XouUU [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice of Life - “Alley shoot” B-ROLL [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pK5MjKrxx8 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Ditogear Evolution Motion Control Test for Slice of Life film [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMBm0EYwPZE [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice of Life - Official Trailer [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcDJCZrwkLw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Creating the miniature sci-fi city in a garage - from junk! [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9UPUtlZUJ4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). SLICE OF LIFE - Traditional film techniques [video] Available at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTw1DC4XP9M&t=107s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

Harvard Referencing

Zero Gravity 

Hart, B. (2016). "Earth To Meekus" - Zero gravity special effect. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ew2oXx64Dk4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). Levitation Trail. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fh7a7M95U6A&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2010). Inception. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/70131314?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2Cc4be7154-5df5-4152-8d7f-88f028a92da4-399712362%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Inception. (2010). [film] Directed by C. Nolan. Hollywood: Warner Brothers.

Albakri, A. (2013). How were gravity fight scenes in inception filmed by Christopher Nolan. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PhiSSnaUKk&t=150s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Grande, A. (2018). Ariana Grande - no tears left to cry. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffxKSjUwKdU [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Grande, A. (2018). Ariana Grande - No Tears Left To Cry (BTS - Part 1). [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4FAg5A4wQk&t=133s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Casualty 

BBC (2019). Casualty Series 33 Episode 26. [video] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m00031hd [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

FAZZ IQBAL (2019). Casualty Series 33 Episode 26 Ending scene. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYRuB3ARII0&t=12s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

IMDB. (2019). Casualty Episode #33.26. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9848040/?ref_=ttep_ep26 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). JASMINE STAIRS TEST. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIYcKpAfsNU&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Saw/ Jigsaw

Saw. (2004). [film] Directed by J. Wan. Los Angeles: Evolution Entertainment, Saw Productions Inc, Twisted Pictures.

IMBD. (2004). SAW. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0387564/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Jigsaw. (2017). [film] Directed by M. Spierig and P. Spierig. Twisted Pictures.

IMDb. (2017). Jigsaw. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3348730/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

effects portal (2009). Saw films effect camera spin around. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJ_7aA2gDlY [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Carla Davidson-Sage, C. (2016). Opening Scene: Saw. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d-PawQBcN0&feature=youtu.be&t=42 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

HorrorLegendsTV (2018). Jigsaw (2017) - Laser Collars (HD). [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYojQZ0-nGw&t=93s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). Spin. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euX5PAfF23I&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

TAU

TAU. (2018). [film] Directed by F. D'Alessandro. USA, Serbia: Addictive Pictures, Kaos Theory Entertainment, Phantom 4 Films, Rhea Films (II) , Waypoint Entertainment.

IMDB. (2018). Tau (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4357394/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). TAU. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217569?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C48c70f102b7b1e5d503c26661a73f543c557e0b4%3Ab263a7b7431a85800ebff77a5cc2f0fe3d9cda1c%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

จูเลียโสเภณีและนักล้วงกระเป๋า (ไมก้า มอนโรว์). (n.d.). [image] Available at: https://www.sanook.com/movie/79351/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Colour/ Lighting and Cinematography

Funari, J. (2014). 'Only God Forgives' Red Band Trailer. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PQZxcBlIJQ&t=3s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

IMDB. (2013). Only God Forgives (2013). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1602613/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Only God Forgives. (2013). [film] Directed by N. Winding Refn. Space Rocket Nation.

TAU. (2018). [film] Directed by F. D'Alessandro. USA, Serbia: Addictive Pictures, Kaos Theory Entertainment, Phantom 4 Films, Rhea Films (II) , Waypoint Entertainment.

IMDB. (2018). Tau (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4357394/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). TAU. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217569?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C48c70f102b7b1e5d503c26661a73f543c557e0b4%3Ab263a7b7431a85800ebff77a5cc2f0fe3d9cda1c%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. (2012). [film] Directed by F. Zampaglione. Italy: Italian Dreams Factory.

IMDB. (2012). Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2250282/?ref_=ttco_co_tt [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Claudia Gerini in Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali (2012). (n.d.). [image] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2250282/mediaviewer/rm2718396160 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

rogercastoro (2014). Picture of Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. [image] Available at: https://www.listal.com/viewimage/6672346 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Front Projection

Jurassic Park. (1993). [film] Directed by S. Spielberg. Los Angeles: Universal Pictures.

IMDB. (1993). Jurassic Park. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107290/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

u/Mr_Pee_Pee (2018). In Jurassic Park, when the Raptor looks up to the ceiling panels, the lighting shows a DNA sequence(I think the DNA sequence is engraved to the panels but I can be wrong). [image] Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/MovieDetails/comments/6obv6c/in_jurassic_park_when_the_raptor_looks_up_to_the/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.84,85,86.

Rear Projection

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.82,83.

Skeor, T. (2018). 2AM Cyberpunk High Rise Apartment | Skeor | V2. [image] Available at: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1394761872 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2018). Retro Fresh Moschino Advert. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SqH59JIcgU [Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

City Scape - Pictures 

Глеб Гридневский (2017). Blade Runner 2049 Scene - Flight to LAPD & Baseline Test [FULL HD]. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/Yv8xEhv_hLE?t=89 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

MIGOS ATL (2017). Migos, Nicki Minaj, Cardi B - MotorSport (Official). [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/9v_rtaye2yY?t=10 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

chaosmonger studio (2017). Attack of the Cyber Octopuses - Official Trailer. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFolO07bDdw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Movieclips Classic Trailers (2014). Blade Runner (1982) Official Trailer - Ridley Scott, Harrison Ford Movie. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/eogpIG53Cis?t=13 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Netflix (2018). Altered Carbon. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80097693?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C52b93d06-c8fb-4fed-95d0-7754286dccec-57886770%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice of Life (2017). Slice of Life - Official Trailer. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/fcDJCZrwkLw?t=3 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Netflix (2018). Mute. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80119233?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C33f665ed-08ae-4f7d-a941-4a377aeeffca-56183651%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Cooper, D. (2019). Cyberpunk 2077. [image] Available at: https://gamerant.com/cyberpunk-2077-release-date-leak/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Movieclips Trailers (2016). Ghost in the Shell Official Trailer 1 (2017) - Scarlett Johansson Movie. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/G4VmJcZR0Yg?t=7 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Muir's, J. (2013). Sci-Fi Cityscapes #4: The Fifth Element (1997); circa the 23rd Century. [image] Available at: http://reflectionsonfilmandtelevision.blogspot.com/2013/01/sci-fi-cityscapes-4-fifth-element-1997.html [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

City Scape - Films, Tv Programmes, Games, Music Videos 

Blade Runner. (1982). [film] Directed by R. Scott. Los Angeles: The Ladd Company. 

Blade Runner 2049. (2017). [film] Directed by D. Villeneuve. Alcon Entertainment, Columbia Pictures, Sony ,Torridon Films, 16:14 Entertainment, Scott Free Productions. 

MIGOS ATL (2017). Migos, Nicki Minaj, Cardi B - MotorSport (Official). [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/9v_rtaye2yY?t=10 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Attack of the Cyber Octopuses. (2017). [film] Directed by N. Piovesan. Estonia: Chaosmonger Studio. 

Altered Carbon, (2018). [TV programme] N/A: Netflix. 

Slice of Life. (2017). [film] Directed by L. Hrgovic and D. Julius. Croatia: Blue Creative, Brandomack Productions, Julius Film, Skalpel Studio. 

Mute, (2018). [TV programme] N/A: Netflix. 

Cyberpunk 2077. (2019). [Game] Directed by A. Badowski and M. Kanik. Poland: CD Projekt RED. 

Ghost in the Shell. (2017). [film] Directed by R. Sanders. Paramount Pictures. 

The Fifth Element. (1997). [film] Directed by L. Besson. Gaumont.

Book Reference for further in depth research on how the city in ‘The Fifth Element’ was created and mixed with green-screen.  

Bizony, P. (2001). Digital Domain. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.24,25,26,27,28,29.

Appendix 5 

CG Geek (2016). Create a Realistic City - Blender Tutorial. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4ySFm4ey9U&t=32s [ Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Gleb Alexandrov (2014). Blender tutorial: How to Create a City, Covered with Fog. [Video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1ROxTnD3E0&t=398s [ Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Blender Guru (2012). How to Create a City in Blender. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCEN0qQOsIA&t=1163s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

CG Geek (2014). Create a Large City Building - Blender Tutorial. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFLtCi6yWnA&t=144s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Markom3D (2018). Blender - Create a city in 8 clicks - Scene City. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qLh81C_Wfs [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

CG Geek (2015). Blender Tutorial : How to Create a City Landscape. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJXu2xfdaQw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Allen, R. (n.d.). A little sci-fi. A little cyberpunk.. [image] Available at: https://makit3d.artstation.com/projects/XdREy [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

infered5 (2015). Sci-Fi Tower. [image] Available at: https://www.planetminecraft.com/project/sci-fi-tower/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Appendix 4

Bizony, P. (2001). Digital Domain. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.24,25,26,27,28,29.

Appendix 3

Attack of the Cyber Octopuses. (2017). [film] Directed by N. Piovesan. Estonia: Chaosmonger Studio. 

chaosmonger studio (2017). AOTCO Tutorial: How to make and shoot a futuristic city miniature - part 1. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuFBrVaeUAc&t=247s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Appendix 2

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.82,83,84,85,86.

Appendix 1

Slice of Life. (2017). [film] Directed by L. Hrgovic and D. Julius. Croatia: Blue Creative, Brandomack Productions, Julius Film, Skalpel Studio. 

Slice Of Life (2016). SLICE OF LIFE - Los Angeles Diary. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTDYe6yXzi4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 1. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhibNPSlQic Slice Of Life [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 2. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxypg4FQdY [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 3. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grqHL4ok_1c [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 4. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHXQFbeP2dg [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 5. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__rHvDksq2E [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 6. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ-SVa9KDt4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 7. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLyyDXMiLms [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 8. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMKlJmlVVaQ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2016). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 9. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTmykAglkz8 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 10 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdRMg1KiFbc [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 11 [video] Available at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrRUdfiWvf4&t=187s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 12 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI8e9ty1nDg [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

 Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 13 [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vNzx6O6dyo&t=131s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice Of Life - PRODUCTION DIARY 14 – MINIATURES!!! [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3M-uZDoYLQ&t=141s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2018). PRODUCTION DIARY 15 - SOUND & MUSIC [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbeSdea2LQI [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). PRODUCTION DIARY Introduction [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQmLtYaNf_0 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). Spinner model VIDEO [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYvyz4XouUU [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2018). Slice of Life - “Alley shoot” B-ROLL [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pK5MjKrxx8 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Ditogear Evolution Motion Control Test for Slice of Life film [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMBm0EYwPZE [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Slice of Life - Official Trailer [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcDJCZrwkLw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019]. 

Slice Of Life (2017). Creating the miniature sci-fi city in a garage - from junk! [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9UPUtlZUJ4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice Of Life (2017). SLICE OF LIFE - Traditional film techniques [video] Available at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTw1DC4XP9M&t=107s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

Zero Gravity

In one of my scenes Robyn wakes up and begins to levitate off of her bed. This was inspired by a video I had seen where a boy is asleep on a bed and as he awakes he begins to float around his house. The video was called ‘"Earth To Meekus" - Zero gravity special effect’ (2016)  

This effect was achieved by standing the mattress up against a wall and using wire/string to hold the pillow up. This give the audience the impression he is still laying down whilst actually he is standing up straight.   

(The screenshots below illustrate what I have mentioned above)        

Screenshot (Above) taken from: https://youtu.be/Ew2oXx64Dk4?t=12

Timecode: 0:12

Screenshot (Below) taken from: https://youtu.be/Ew2oXx64Dk4?t=34

Timecode: 0:34

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Primary Research: Levitation

Levitation Trail: https://youtu.be/fh7a7M95U6A 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Zero Gravity and the ability to walk on walls/ the ceiling was used heavily for a fight scene in ‘Inception’ (2010). This effect was achieved by constructing a mechanical rotating set. This allowed for the corridor to actually rotate and the actors were able to walk on the ceiling, simulating a broken gravity. The camera (for some of the shots) was mounted to the floor so it was always stationary whilst filming.

Screenshot taken from: https://www.netflix.com/watch/70131314?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2Cc4be7154-5df5-4152-8d7f-88f028a92da4-399712362%2C%2C 

Timecode: 1:46:29 – 1:50:25

Screenshot (Above) taken from: https://youtu.be/8PhiSSnaUKk?t=150

Timecode: 2:30

‘Ariana Grande - No Tears Left To Cry’ Music Video, like Inception used a mechanical rotating set that allowed Ariana to walk on the ceiling.

Screenshot (Above) taken from: https://youtu.be/ffxKSjUwKdU?t=41

Timecode: 0:41

Screenshot (Below) taken from: https://youtu.be/T4FAg5A4wQk?t=133

Timecode: 2:13

Hart, B. (2016). “Earth To Meekus” - Zero gravity special effect. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ew2oXx64Dk4 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). Levitation Trail. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fh7a7M95U6A&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2010). Inception. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/70131314?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2Cc4be7154-5df5-4152-8d7f-88f028a92da4-399712362%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Inception. (2010). [film] Directed by C. Nolan. Hollywood: Warner Brothers.

Albakri, A. (2013). How were gravity fight scenes in inception filmed by Christopher Nolan. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PhiSSnaUKk&t=150s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Grande, A. (2018). Ariana Grande - no tears left to cry. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffxKSjUwKdU [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Grande, A. (2018). Ariana Grande - No Tears Left To Cry (BTS - Part 1). [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4FAg5A4wQk&t=133s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

‘Casualty Season 33, Episode 26′ (2019)

‘Casualty Season 33, Episode 26′ (2019)

Director: Steve Brett 

Writer: Michelle Lipton

In my film ‘Hacked’ there is a scene where Robyn has arrived home from a night of clubbing. In order to regain access to her apartment she needs to swipe a microchip implanted in her wrist against a scanner that acts as a door lock. The door lock and microchip are calibrated to her unique ID number. However the scanner wont let her in as it no longer registers that it is Robyn. There is a scene in ‘Casualty Season 33, Episode 26′ (2019) where the hospital suffers a cyber attack. Leaving anything connected to the NHS database unusable. Connie and her team now find themselves unable to access theatre for an operation. 

A medium close up of people repeatedly swiping their staff cards against the scanner tells the audience that it has stopped working and is not letting anyone in. 

Connie then attempts her card and pulls on the door handle but the door doesn’t budge. 

This cuts to a medium close up (shot reverse shot) to show the confusion and fear on her face as she and the other doctors and nurses realize the severity of the situation.��

For my primary research I recreated this scene using similar shots that suited my script. I wanted to ensure that this location would work in terms of potential camera angles that I wanted to use as there isn't much space to maneuver.  

Below is a video of my adapted recreation whilst on location. 

https://youtu.be/EIYcKpAfsNU 

BBC (2019). Casualty Series 33 Episode 26. [video] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m00031hd [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

FAZZ IQBAL (2019). Casualty Series 33 Episode 26 Ending scene. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYRuB3ARII0&t=12s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

IMDB. (2019). Casualty Episode #33.26. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9848040/?ref_=ttep_ep26 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). JASMINE STAIRS TEST. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIYcKpAfsNU&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

‘Saw’ (2004) & ‘Jigsaw’ (2017)

 ‘Saw’ (2004)

Director: James Wan 

Writer: Leigh Whannell, James Wan 

Genre: Horror, Crime, Mystery

Certification: 18 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘Jigsaw’ (2017)  

Director(s): Michael Spierig, Peter Spierig 

Writers(s): Josh Stolberg, Pete Goldfinger 

Genre: Horror, Crime, Mystery 

Certification: 18

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘Saw’/ ‘Jigsaw’ directly influences my film as I want to have my protagonist Robyn escape from a seemingly impenetrable, minimalist location using only her mental capacity and the room around her. I want to show her panicking as she wakes up trapped within a laser cage, this will be done by having her awake calmly and then by speeding up the pace of the edit to match that of Saw’s iconic sped up rotation around a character as they try to break free. I will show panic in my character from her performance and through the use of close ups on her bulging eyes. 

I couldn’t find many examples of this rapid camera rotation but I did find someone else's recreation of the effect. (Link below)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJ_7aA2gDlY 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘Saw’ (2004) directed by James wan is a horror film about two people who wake up in a room with no recollection of how they got there. They soon discover that they are a part of a deadly game set up by the jigsaw killer. ‘Saw’ (2004) opens up to a dark, spot-lit man submerged in a bath. The pace of the scene is almost slow motion, until he wakes up and begins to panic. In his panic he manages to pull the plug, the water drains and the key to his freedom is lost down the drain. From this scene and the change in the pace of edit we as an audience know that he is terrified and he was not there of his own accord.

Below is a YouTube link to the opening of ‘Saw’ (2004) 

https://youtu.be/0d-PawQBcN0?t=42 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘Jigsaw’ (2017) was directed by Michael Spierig and Peter Spierig. It is apart of the ‘Saw’ franchise and fundamentally is the same as ‘Saw’ (2004). There is a specific scene however that relates directly to my film. The scene starts calmly with the camera tracking backwards away from a close up on his face as he begins to awake. This tracking shot reveals a laser collar around his neck. The man comes to a sudden realization as to the severity of his situation and begins trying to get out before screaming for help.

Below is a YouTube link to the laser trap scene in ‘Jigsaw’ (2017) 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYojQZ0-nGw&t=93s

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Primary Research - rotation effect (sped up) 

https://youtu.be/euX5PAfF23I 

In order to achieve this effect, I circled around my test subject 3 times and sped up the footage to double speed to make it faster. It was an easy effect to recreate and will be used to show the chaos of the situation and the rapid thoughts racing through the character’s head. 

Saw. (2004). [film] Directed by J. Wan. Los Angeles: Evolution Entertainment, Saw Productions Inc, Twisted Pictures.

IMBD. (2004). SAW. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0387564/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Jigsaw. (2017). [film] Directed by M. Spierig and P. Spierig. Twisted Pictures.

IMDb. (2017). Jigsaw. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3348730/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

effects portal (2009). Saw films effect camera spin around. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJ_7aA2gDlY [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Carla Davidson-Sage, C. (2016). Opening Scene: Saw. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d-PawQBcN0&feature=youtu.be&t=42[Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

HorrorLegendsTV (2018). Jigsaw (2017) - Laser Collars (HD). [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYojQZ0-nGw&t=93s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2019). Spin. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euX5PAfF23I&feature=youtu.be [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

‘TAU’ (2018)

Director: Federico D’Alessandro 

Writer: Noga Landau 

Genre: Sci-Fi, Thriller

Certification: 15 

‘Tau’ (2018)

‘Tau’ (2018) directed by Federico D’Alessandro is a sci-fi, thriller film about a girl who gets kidnapped and held hostage in a psychopathic scientist’s house. She must escape by be-friending the artificial intelligence system that controls the house. This is directly relevant to my project as in ‘Hacked’ my protagonist is kidnapped and held captive in a room where she must communicate with a security system to work through puzzles to earn her freedom and escape.

In Hacked I want Robyn to come across to the audience as being attractive but also resourceful and very clever. We understand that she is quite intelligent when she writes down her phone number in binary code, figures out that she needs to use morse code to escape from a trap and the way she uses her impressive memory to escape. 

This is Like Julia in ‘Tau’ (2018) when we see her escape from her holding cell and when she begins to manipulate the security system into giving her information that she requires to escape. 

In ‘Tau’ Julia is portrayed as a petty criminal with low morals. She is dressed in ‘sexy’ club-wear and is seen making out with men, stealing their valuables and pawning them for cash. At this point we as an audience have established that she has low morels. Once she arrives home we see she lives in a run-down area with a high crime rate. This is shown by the graffiti that lines the walls the rubbish spewed everywhere and the dark, dingy mise en scene. 

The audience can now denote that she is of a low socio economic status and may only have these low morels as a survival instinct, she does what she has to do in order to survive. 

Once she enters her apartment we begin to see her as a normal young woman as she takes off her wig and changes her outfit. The wig and costuming is symbolic of her being two different people when it comes to her actual morels and her survival instinct. When she switches from one outfit to the other it reveals that she needs to act differently to the outside world in order to protect herself but she can let her guard down when alone. As she sits on her bed she opens her window and gives some food to a pigeon. We start to see her as a nice person who has her struggles, does what she has to do to survive but is also willing to help others along the way. This is echoed later in the film when in order to escape Julia promises ‘Tau’ that she will show him the outside world, ultimately she does, proving she is a nice person at heart.

The two pictures below show Julia’s different personalities. The red wig is the Julia the outside world sees and the blonde Julia is the ‘real’ Julia.  

Another way in which this applies to ‘Hacked’ is that Robyn’s appearance wouldn't automatically be associated with the ability to read binary and morse code as these are seen as stereotypically “geeky” qualities to have and Robyn looks anything but geeky. 

TAU. (2018). [film] Directed by F. D'Alessandro. USA, Serbia: Addictive Pictures, Kaos Theory Entertainment, Phantom 4 Films, Rhea Films (II) , Waypoint Entertainment.

IMDB. (2018). Tau (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4357394/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). TAU. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217569?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C48c70f102b7b1e5d503c26661a73f543c557e0b4%3Ab263a7b7431a85800ebff77a5cc2f0fe3d9cda1c%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

จูเลียโสเภณีและนักล้วงกระเป๋า (ไมก้า มอนโรว์). (n.d.). [image] Available at: https://www.sanook.com/movie/79351/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

Colour/ Lighting and Cinematography

                                       ‘Only God Forgives’ (2013)

‘Only God Forgives’ (2013) has a very strong red colouring. The red lighting could have been achieved either in post or by using a red coloured gel light or a combination of both. Likely this look would have been achieved by using a red coloured gel, lights and a negative light fill to make certain areas darker. Then in post it is likely that the film was digitally enhanced by removing certain colour channels, lowering the lighting and contrast and adding a red coloured tint to make the red more prominent. 

The colour red in film has typically connoted danger, anger, fear and blood to the audience and makes them feel as though something bad is on its way. Depending on the context of the film the colour red can also connote passion but for the context of my film I will be focusing on the negative connotations.

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX)

                                                          Tau 

‘Tau’ (2018) also used strong red lighting to signify danger which was also relevant to the location and action within the scene. As Julia escapes from her holding cell she triggers an alarm. The whole room turns red as an alarm flashes and a fire rages. The red light would have likely been achieved in the same way as ‘Only God Forgives (2013). The red light in this case signifies death, danger and fire but is also contextual to the scene as we see the source of where the light is coming from in the scene.

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX)

Another example of a film with red lighting is ‘Tulpa’ (2012)

Primary Research - Colour and Lighting / Cinematography 

After a test shoot on location I attempted to recreate the red lighting and dark shadowing digitally. 

Whilst on location I made the lighting minimal but directional. This left a lot of shadowing but also allows us to see exactly what we are meant to be focusing on. I enhanced the red by adjusting the brightness and contrast and where necessary I added tint.

In my film ‘Hacked’ the scanner acts as a door lock. They are all calibrated to a certain person’s microchip and binary code number. After her microchip is hacked Robyn is unable to get back into her apartment. The scanner lights up bright red, filling the room with red light. This is to connote to the audience that danger is approaching (her kidnap) but is also contextual and relates to the scanner flashing up red, denying her access. This is similar to the scene in ‘Tau’ (2018) when Julia sets the alarm off. (as previously mentioned). 

I chose to fill the entire room red as an homage to the films previously mentioned but also for dramatic effect, the scenes impact is a lot harder when the colour is harsh and in your face.

Funari, J. (2014). ‘Only God Forgives’ Red Band Trailer. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PQZxcBlIJQ&t=3s [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

IMDB. (2013). Only God Forgives (2013). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1602613/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Only God Forgives. (2013). [film] Directed by N. Winding Refn. Space Rocket Nation.

TAU. (2018). [film] Directed by F. D'Alessandro. USA, Serbia: Addictive Pictures, Kaos Theory Entertainment, Phantom 4 Films, Rhea Films (II) , Waypoint Entertainment.

IMDB. (2018). Tau (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4357394/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). TAU. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217569?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C48c70f102b7b1e5d503c26661a73f543c557e0b4%3Ab263a7b7431a85800ebff77a5cc2f0fe3d9cda1c%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. (2012). [film] Directed by F. Zampaglione. Italy: Italian Dreams Factory.

IMDB. (2012). Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2250282/?ref_=ttco_co_tt [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Claudia Gerini in Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali (2012). (n.d.). [image] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2250282/mediaviewer/rm2718396160 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

rogercastoro (2014). Picture of Tulpa - Perdizioni mortali. [image] Available at: https://www.listal.com/viewimage/6672346 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

Front Projection

Front projection is the process of projecting an image, video or other piece of media onto a surface from the front. 

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 2)

The scene which gave me inspiration to try front projection was ‘Jurassic Park’ (1993). There is a scene where genetic code is being projected onto the velociraptors face. I decided to incorporate this into my film to make the audience believe that the code being projected onto the hacker’s mask is from a computer screen whereas ‘Jurassic Park’ (1993) was meant to be from a projector.

Primary Research - Front Projection 

I attempted to recreate this shot by projecting binary code onto the mask. This was achieved by projecting a black background with green code onto the mask. The projector cannot project black so the green ends up being the only visible thing on the mask. This means that no detail is taken away from the mask whilst filming.

My attempt worked well as I was just testing out font sizes and colours as well as the sharpness of the image and how far the object needs to be from the projector. 

I feel that this will work well in my final piece and will give an extra piece of depth to the film.

Jurassic Park. (1993). [film] Directed by S. Spielberg. Los Angeles: Universal Pictures.

IMDB. (1993). Jurassic Park. [online] Available at: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107290/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

u/Mr_Pee_Pee (2018). In Jurassic Park, when the Raptor looks up to the ceiling panels, the lighting shows a DNA sequence(I think the DNA sequence is engraved to the panels but I can be wrong). [image] Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/MovieDetails/comments/6obv6c/in_jurassic_park_when_the_raptor_looks_up_to_the/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.84,85,86.

[josephafmp]

Rear Projection

Rear Projection is achieved by prerecording a scene and projecting it from behind a screen. The screen then holds whatever image or video is desired without the actor interrupting the light beams. The actor who is in front of the screen can now interact with the scene in real time. below is a diagram I made to show how the process works.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Rear projection was first pioneered by Norman O.Dawn for a film called ‘The Drifter’ (1913). “Dawn Projected photographic stills onto a small frosted glass screen to produce the background for two close- up shots”. (Rickitt and Harryhausen, 2006)

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 2)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For one of my scenes I wanted to have a silhouetted girl lying parallel to a window with a big futuristic city outside. I wanted my actress to be able to interact with the lights being projected from the city and for them to be positioned onto her body to give the audience the impression that she is actually laying next to the window. I wanted the illusion to be as real as possible. One of my sources of inspiration for this was a GIF image (Skeor, 2018) where the lights from the city hit a girl whilst she is asleep on a bed.

Link to GIF: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1394761872

Skeor, T. (2018). 2AM Cyberpunk High Rise Apartment | Skeor | V2. [image] Available at: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1394761872 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

After researching how rear projection worked I decided that I would try to project my city onto a shower curtain in order to achieve the desired effect. By clamping a frosted shower curtain to a green screen stand and making the material as tight as possible it acts as frosted glass, allowing the projected image to appear to be from a window. This is a cheap method of recreating a similar effect to what Norman O.Dawn created in 1913. This set up was easy to achieve, the whole process took only a few minutes to achieve. By placing two tripod stands and a cross rail I was able to place the curtain over the top, secure it with brackets and my makeshift window was complete.

Primary Research - Rear Projection

(Below are some pictures showing my first attempt at rear projection)

I feel the final outcome of my first test shoot have come out amazingly. It really does looks real. The colours project onto my test subject in the exact places that correspond to in the city. This adds to the realism of the scene and it really does work as a window into a world that doesn’t exist. 

As a counter measure I also made an attempt at green-screening the city and was also pretty pleased with the result. However, I do feel that rear projection is the way forward for my production. I feel that rear projection is an easier and more convenient way of achieve an in camera effect. The lighting already being projected onto the actress’s face makes it easier because i don’t need to go into after effects or play around with key frames. this allows post production to be more simplistic and less time consuming.   

(Below is my green screen attempt)

Rickitt, R. (2006). Special Effects The History and Technique. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.82,83.

Skeor, T. (2018). 2AM Cyberpunk High Rise Apartment | Skeor | V2. [image] Available at: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1394761872 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

JAM (2018). Retro Fresh Moschino Advert. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SqH59JIcgU [Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

[josephafmp]

                                                    CITY SCAPE

Above are some pictures of the varying films, music videos, tv programmes and games that have inspired my cityscape. 

The previously mentioned films, games, programmes and music videos all include a futuristic ‘cyberpunk’ city skyline of some description. All these futuristic city skylines except ‘Fifth Element’ (1997) incorporate bright lights, tall towers and flashing billboards or other forms of advertisement. All of these examples also include a lot of cloud and fog cover with hazy blue lights protruding through the various buildings. Blues, pinks and purples appear to be the primary colours of these scenes and this will be something I consider when constructing my city. 

These cities have all been created either digitally, with miniature models or by digital manipulation of a real city. (sometimes all these elements occur) 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Slice of Life, 2017)

In a ‘Slice of Life’ (2017) the city/buildings were constructed in miniature form using junk materials like tubes, wiring and Christmas decorations. Projectors were used to beam advertisements onto their city billboards. The city is introduced by using a fade in pan. This was done to give a sense of realism and movement to the city. The camera is positioned in a low angle shot looking up, this gives height and depth to the city making it look bigger and taller whilst also adding a sense of awe and excitement to the audience. This then cuts to a high angle/ bird eye shot looking down on the city, showing flying cars. Yet again this adds height to the city.

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 1)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In order to achieve an effective panning shot they used a motion controlled camera rig to synchronise multiple passes of background lighting, billboards and the buildings individual room lights. This allowed them to composite all the clips together and edit the separate clips accordingly to achieve the final result. This was done so that they could control the brightness of separate pieces of the city. 

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 1)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In order to achieve the glowing, hazy fog the city was backlit using led lights whilst smoke was pumped into the shot. Each pass allows for more control over the outcome of the final product. 

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 1)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Miniature models were also used in the creation of ‘Blade Runner’ (1982) and ‘Attack of the Cyber Octopuses’ (2017). In a ‘Slice of Life’ (2017), ‘Motorsport’ (2018) and ‘Blade Runner’ (1984) the city is revealed by fading in from black. 

The way in which the city is revealed is like the audience opening their eyes onto the city for the first time. We as an audience have awoken in this city and this is where the story begins.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In the book ‘Digital Domain’ (Piers Bizony, 2001) it describes the process of how a scene from ‘Fifth Element’ (1997) combined composite alpha channels, green screen footage, CGI, 3 colour channels (RGB), miniature models and matte paintings to create a scene where the character Leeloo leaps from a building. 

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 4)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For my city I attempted to recreate a miniature model city using random things from around the house. I spray painted them grey like in ‘Attack of the Cyber Octopuses’ (2017) but I didn’t like my final result so I decided the way forward would be to teach myself CGI. 

(FOR MORE INFORMATION SEE APPENDIX 3)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(SEE APPENDIX 5 FOR MORE INFORMATION ON HOW I TAUGHT MYSELF BLENDER, MY PROGRESS AND FURTHER INSPIRATIONS)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Whilst constructing my city I was conscious to make the buildings look as tall as possible. I used a slightly low angled shot to give the scene height but also made the buildings in the background taller than those in the foreground to give extra height and depth. 

(*)

Another way in which I made the city look larger was by adding reflections of other buildings at night. This was achieved by using a custom environment texture and setting it as an emission. The image I used was from a family holiday in New York in 2011 (See Below). In order to make the buildings look as though they are lit up I made the buildings metallic. This reflected the environment texture making the buildings appear lit.  I also added billboards onto varying angles and different buildings to the depth of the scene. 

For the window scene when Robyn is asleep ‘looking’ out of her window I wanted to make sure I stayed true to the cyberpunk genre and included rain. I placed green paper inside of a large photo-frame and from above I sprayed the glass with a hosepipe. This gave the effect of water running down a window that I could key and replace with my city.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

City Scape - Pictures

Глеб Гридневский (2017). Blade Runner 2049 Scene - Flight to LAPD & Baseline Test [FULL HD]. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/Yv8xEhv_hLE?t=89 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

MIGOS ATL (2017). Migos, Nicki Minaj, Cardi B - MotorSport (Official). [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/9v_rtaye2yY?t=10 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

chaosmonger studio (2017). Attack of the Cyber Octopuses - Official Trailer. [video] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFolO07bDdw [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Movieclips Classic Trailers (2014). Blade Runner (1982) Official Trailer - Ridley Scott, Harrison Ford Movie. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/eogpIG53Cis?t=13 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). Altered Carbon. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80097693?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C52b93d06-c8fb-4fed-95d0-7754286dccec-57886770%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Slice of Life (2017). Slice of Life - Official Trailer. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/fcDJCZrwkLw?t=3 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Netflix (2018). Mute. [video] Available at: https://www.netflix.com/watch/80119233?trackId=13752289&tctx=0%2C0%2C33f665ed-08ae-4f7d-a941-4a377aeeffca-56183651%2C%2C [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Cooper, D. (2019). Cyberpunk 2077. [image] Available at: https://gamerant.com/cyberpunk-2077-release-date-leak/ [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Movieclips Trailers (2016). Ghost in the Shell Official Trailer 1 (2017) - Scarlett Johansson Movie. [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/G4VmJcZR0Yg?t=7[Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Muir’s, J. (2013). Sci-Fi Cityscapes #4: The Fifth Element (1997); circa the 23rd Century. [image] Available at: http://reflectionsonfilmandtelevision.blogspot.com/2013/01/sci-fi-cityscapes-4-fifth-element-1997.html [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

City Scape - Films, Tv Programmes, Games, Music Videos

Blade Runner. (1982). [film] Directed by R. Scott. Los Angeles: The Ladd Company.

Blade Runner 2049. (2017). [film] Directed by D. Villeneuve. Alcon Entertainment, Columbia Pictures, Sony ,Torridon Films, 16:14 Entertainment, Scott Free Productions.

MIGOS ATL (2017). Migos, Nicki Minaj, Cardi B - MotorSport (Official). [video] Available at: https://youtu.be/9v_rtaye2yY?t=10 [Last Accessed 25 Apr. 2019].

Attack of the Cyber Octopuses. (2017). [film] Directed by N. Piovesan. Estonia: Chaosmonger Studio.

Altered Carbon, (2018). [TV programme] N/A: Netflix.

Slice of Life. (2017). [film] Directed by L. Hrgovic and D. Julius. Croatia: Blue Creative, Brandomack Productions, Julius Film, Skalpel Studio.

Mute, (2018). [TV programme] N/A: Netflix.

Cyberpunk 2077. (2019). [Game] Directed by A. Badowski and M. Kanik. Poland: CD Projekt RED.

Ghost in the Shell. (2017). [film] Directed by R. Sanders. Paramount Pictures.

The Fifth Element. (1997). [film] Directed by L. Besson. Gaumont.

Book Reference for further in depth research on how the city in ‘The Fifth Element’ was created and mixed with green-screen.  

Bizony, P. (2001). Digital Domain. 1st ed. London: Aurum Press LTD, pp.24,25,26,27,28,29.

[josephafmp]

Inspirations

‘Tau’ (2018) - Movie

‘Saw’ (2004) – Movie 

‘Jigsaw’ (2017) - Movie 

‘Slice of life’ (2017) – Short Film 

‘Blade Runner’ (1982) - Movie 

‘Blade Runner 2049’ (2017) – Movie

‘Cyberpunk 2077’ (2019) – Game 

‘Ghost in the Shell’ (2017) – Movie 

‘Attack of the Cyber Octopuses’ (2017) – Short Film 

‘Altered Carbon’ (2018-) - TV Series 

‘Mute’ (2018) – Movie 

‘Motorsport’ (2017) - Music Video 

‘Fifth Element’ (1997) - Movie 

‘Do androids dream of electric sheep?’ (1968) – Book 

‘Only God Forgives’ (2013) – Movie 

‘Tulpa’(2012) – Movie 

‘Casualty’ (1986-) - TV Series 

‘Inception’ (2010) – Movie 

‘No Tears Left to Cry’ (2018) – Music Video 

‘Live Free or Die Hard’ (2007) – Movie 

‘Jurassic Park’ (1993) – Movie

‘Retro Fresh Moschino Advert’ (2018)  - Advert 

[josephafmp]

Statement of Intent

Genre: Sci-Fi, Cyberpunk, Thriller 

Desired Certification: 15

My film idea is “Hacked”. It will be a short 10 minute film about a young woman who must use her memory to break free from her capture and find the hacker. Little does she know she has been recruited by a security agency and she is actually completing a series of memory and resourcefulness tests.

Initially ‘Hacked’ was about a young woman whose microchip is hacked and she is framed for a crime she didn’t commit. She has her microchip illegally removed and begins to peruse her hacker to regain her life and identity.

As my idea has changed since its inception and since my powerpoint presentation I have included it to show the growth in the idea and how it has changed. 

Below is a link to my powerpoint presentation where I pitched my idea to my peers. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndx_UDFuOdA&feature=youtu.be 

The powerpoint explains the main narrative structure, genre, characters, inspirations, locations and a few trials of ideas.  

Slide 1: This slide gives audiences the title of the film.

Slide 2: This slide tells the audience what the film is about with a quick synopsis. 

Slide 3: This slide gives the audience a sense of the type of location that this film is based within. 

Slide 4: This slide gives them other medias that they may have seen so that they have comparative products to relate to. 

Slide 5: This video was used as a prototype to give the audience a quick idea of the type of thing they can expect to see in the final film and allows for feedback on how to improve. 

Slide 6: This slide gives a breakdown of the characters age, aesthetic, build, name and ethnicity. 

Slide 7:This slide gives a slight bit more of an in depth look at the story. 

Slide 8:This slide proposes the type of primary and secondary research that I will be conducting in order to achieve effective results. 

Slide 9: This slide shows a scene where Connie cannot access an operating theatre. This was important to show the audience as its very similar to a scene in my film where Robyn can not longer access her apartment. 

Slide 10: I included this scene so that the audience could have something to relate to with regards to colour. I wanted them to know exactly what I meant when I said I plan on colouring the scene red to connote danger but also keeping it contextual to the light source itself. 

Slide 11: This was footage of a test shot that i had done where I partially recreated a the scene from Casualty with the red lighting. This allowed the audience to understand where my story is going but also allows me feedback on how effective or not the scene is.