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Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal

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blogscelestial.netlify.com › ▀ Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal ▀

MAY 3, 1882 Rizal's Secret Mission Dr. Jose Rizal: First Travel Abroad The purpose of his secret departure for Spain is to avoid detection by the Spanish authorities and friars. Historic Heidelberg: Rizal Welcomed in Berlin's Scientific Circles • He met for the 1st time Dr. Feodor Jagor; a German.

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Rizal worked as an assistant andapprentice at the eye clinic of DR.LOUIS DE WECKER for 4 months.Rizal learned the following fromDr. De Wecker:-actual performance of eyeoperation-recent studies on the ailmentof the eyes-various techniques of eyeoperation 4. Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Rizal in Berlin (1886-1887)BERLIN: remarkable for its scientific atmosphere and the absence of race prejudice.Rizal met for the first time Dr. Feodor Jagor, celebrated German scientist-traveller and author of Travels in the. The Masonic Life of Dr. For the young Brother, and Masons in Germany, Dr. Rudolf Virchow and Dr. Thus, being an obedient child, upon his return to Manila accompanied again by his brother Paciano, they proceeded to Ateneo Municipal. Leipzig & Berlin) Rizal met and befriended Dr. Facts about Jose Rizal Born on June 19, 1861, (moonlit night of Wednesday), Calamba, Laguna Baptized on June 22 by Fr. Travels in the Philippines by Feodor Jagor – Rizal was impressed in the book because of a) Jagor’s observations of the defects of Spanish colonization and b) Jagor’s.

< Talk:Rudolf Virchow

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Island Dr Feodor Jagor And Rizal Feodor JagorVisited the Philippines in 1859-1860.Travel in the Philippines was publishedin Berlin in 1873.In this book, Dr. Jagor foretold the downfall of Spanish rule in the Philippines and the coming of America to the Philippine shores.Rizal had a letter of introduction.

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Archive 1

5Rudolf Virchow as a Freemason

not a freemason

There's nothing what indicates, that he was a freemason.

I removed this:

Virchow is reported as a Mason by Masonic sources<ref>Austin Craig, who served as the Master of the Scottish Rite’s Lodge of Perfection in the Philippines, wrote (without citing sources): “Rizal's Berlin. 'patrons'. were men as esteemed in Masonry as they were eminent in the scientific world – Virchow, for example.” “Rizal was in the Lodge Acacia of the Gran Oriente de Espana.” “He is honoured for having prepared the way for the new Philippines dedicated to the principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.' Reported by Charles S. Lobinger “JOSE RIZAL AS A MASON” The Builder August, 1916 </ref>.

This does not proof that Virchow was a mason. Craig says nothing else than that Virchow was a sponsor and that these sponsors are called 'patrons' in Masonry. Not all sponsors are automatically freemasons. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 11:44, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

There's a lot that indicates (points to) Virchow being a Freemason - in English this is not the same as proves by the way. I've added more sources. For those puzzled at what seems to be blanking please see Talk:Catholicism and Freemasonry. Anyway I've added some more text about Jose Rizal.JASpencer 18:34, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

Indication is speculation. Virchow had to do with Freemasons, but nothing indicates that he was a freemason. Your sources are all ambiguous in the best case. Wikipedia is an encylopedia and no platform for conspiracy theorys. As Virchow worked in Germany, show me one German source. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 19:44, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

Before adding this speculation again, proove it with primary sources or leave it. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 19:46, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

From WP:V:

One of the keys to writing good encyclopedia articles is to understand that they should refer only to facts, assertions, theories, ideas, claims, opinions, and arguments that have already been published by reputable publishers. The goal of Wikipedia is to become a complete and reliable encyclopedia, so editors should cite reliable sources so that their edits may be verified by readers and other editors.

'Verifiability' in this context does not mean that editors are expected to verify whether, for example, the contents of a New York Times article are true. In fact, editors are strongly discouraged from conducting this kind of research, because original research may not be published in Wikipedia. Articles should contain only material that has been published by reliable sources, regardless of whether individual editors view that material as true or false. As counter-intuitive as it may seem, the threshold for inclusion in Wikipedia is verifiability, not truth.

Looks like you're wrong on that. In fact just about all this article would be taken out if we applied you're unorthodox reading of the rules. JASpencer 20:00, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

Thank you. Your claims must be verifiable and your sources are ambiguous, so they are non-reliable. Imagination and speculation is not a verification. There's not one Masonic source in Germany that indicatates that he could have been a Mason. You will have to proove it and it is not by me to proove the opposite. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 20:11, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

Actually you have to show that these sources are unreliable.

As to them being ambiguous it takes a monumental amount of double think to do so, and if this were accepted then virtually nothing in Wikipedia would be citable as someone could quite easily say black is white.

I'm sure your command of English is good for day-to-day conversation, etc. but when your talking about precise meaning you seem to be falling down. Otherwise it's rather tendentious blanking of sources, which I'm sure your not doing. JASpencer 20:20, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

For what it is worth, I think SGOvD webmaster is far more credible in the take on the Virchow material, in that it amounts to a conspiracy theory. Freemasonry is historically “attributed” by “sources” to Virchow, without citing original proof, for the 'sources' political ends in Latin opposition to the Roman Catholic Hierarchy’s hold on South America. JASpencer is using those sources for the exact opposite position of 'blaming' Freemasonry for 'turning' Liberal Virchow 'bad' on this single issue of the Kulturkampf. Actually Virchow’s Liberalism, defining of the Kulturkampf, and involvement, are consistent with his background in Science at that stage in history; without involving a Freemasonic conspiracy. JASpencer’s seeding of this conspiracy on Wiki is consistent with his anti-Masonic and pro-Catholic take within the corpus of JASpencer’s work. Imacomp 21:29, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

How is it a conspiracy theory? Neither of these articles are hostile to Virchow or Freemasonry, in fact they don't care about the first and they rather laud the second. They are also both sourced, and they both mention Virchow. You have made a number of these baseless allegations about people being sock puppets and holocaust deniers among many other things. It is rather annoying when a new editor comes in and decides that just because a source is freely editable then it should only report what he wants to say. Excluding other posters for their views is not Wikipedia policy, and it is not allowed by constant blanking either. JASpencer 20:15, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

No historian accepts such wild speculations about ambiguous claims of sources without any proof. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 22:13, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

I concur with SGOvD webmaster on this subject. Imacomp 00:43, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

virchow,rudolph

208.80.72.63 (talk) 18:04, 10 January 2008 (UTC)Allthough virchow made many discoveries in life he made what he called the greatest by marrying Rose Mayer in 1842.

virchow,rudolph

Allthough Virchow did many great things in life he stated,th greatest thing i have done was marry Rose Mayer. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.80.72.63 (talk) 18:08, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

irrelevant sentence

Removed the following sentence from the section on Virchow's political career, because it is irrelevent to Virchow and not necessary to understanding the previous paragraph:

The general ideological enthusiasm among the liberals for the Kulturkampf(4) was in contrast to Bismarck's pragmatic attitude towards the measures(5) and growing disquiet from the Conservatives.(6)

If people want to read more about the Kulturkampf, they can click on the hypertext link.Dwinetsk 11:02, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

'SUXworked as Froriep's assistant.' What is this supposed to mean? Jtyroler (talk) 09:46, 15 October 2008 (UTC)jtyroler

incomplete reversion of vandalism. Done Autodidactyl (talk) 12:57, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

Rudolf Virchow as a Freemason

This is a summary of the argument that the following text should be included:

Virchow was a patron of the Filipino patriot ((Jose Rizal)).<ref name='VirchowMason'>'It was a heady atmosphere for the young Brother, and Masons in Germany, Dr. Rudolf Virchow and Dr. Feodor Jagor, were instrumental in his becoming a member of the Berlin Ethnological and Anthropological Societies.' From (http://srjarchives.tripod.com/1998-10/PEARSON.HTM Dimasalang: The Masonic Life Of Dr. Jose P. Rizal By Reynold S. Fajardo, 33°) by Fred Lamar Pearson, Scottish Rite Journal, October 1998 and 'Rizal's Berlin associates, or perhaps the word 'patrons' would give their relation better, were men as esteemed in Masonry as they were eminent in the scientific world--Virchow, for example.' in JOSE RIZAL AS A MASON by AUSTIN CRAIG, The Builder Magazine, (http://www.phoenixmasonry.org/the_builder_1916_august.htm August 1916 - Volume II - Number 8)</ref>

1 The first source says 'and Masons in Germany, Dr. Rudolf Virchow and Dr. Feodor Jagor' and the most obvious reading (in my opinion the only reading) is that Rudolf Virchow and Feodor Jagor were Freemasons who resided in Germany.

2 The source for this quote is an overflow page for the Scottish Rite Journal, which is the official journal of the southern jurisdiction of the Scottish Rite. The Scottish Rite is an appendant body of Freemasons, of which only Freemasons can join. The source should be regarded as authorative on issues such as who is a Freemason.

3 The author of the work is Fred Lamar Pearson editor of the Masonic Messenger of Georgia and a Professor of History at Valdosta State University. He is an active Mason. He has held a senior post in the Grand Lodge of Georgia. The author should be regarded as a good source on Freemasonry and a competent historian.

4 The article does not have any agenda on Rudolf Virchow or his actions.

5 The article refers to a book published by the (Masonic) Supreme Council of the Philippines.

6 In conclusion the Scottish Rite article clearly says that Virchow is a Freemason and it comes from a reliable source.

7 The second source says 'men as esteemed in Masonry as they were eminent in the scientific world--Virchow, for example'. The most obvious reading of this quote is that Virchow was an example of a man esteemed as both a Freemason and as a scientist. Another reading has been suggested that he was esteemed in Freemasonry because he was a scientist, and Freemasonry revers science. This does not explain why Virchow was mentioned as being 'as esteemed in Masonry'.

8 The source is 'The Builder Magazine' which was a magazine published by the National Masonic Research Society published by the Grand Lodge of Iowa between 1915 and 1930. The magazine is a reputable source on the internal workings of Freemasonry.

9 The article was by Austin Craig, a past master of a Masonic lodge in Oregon and he was the master at a lodge of perfection in the Philipines. He wrote other work about Rizal and can be regarded as an expert on Rizal as well as a Freemason.

10 The article does not have any agenda on Rudolf Virchow or his actions.

11 In conclusion the article from 'The Builder Magazine' says that Virchow was esteemed in Masonry and is a reliable source.

12 Either of these citations on their own would justify naming Rudolf Virchow as a Freemason. Together they make the case more compelling as they are seperated by eighty two years.

A further point. Virchow is named as the 'Patron' and it has been said that this could be implying that this could mean he was a sponsor of Rizal in a Berlin Lodge. ('Craig says nothing else than that Virchow was a sponsor and that these sponsors are called 'patrons' in Masonry.' above). I don't know enough about Freemasonry to know if this is the case but as it comes from an editor who is both a Freemason and who opposes this entry I give it some credance.

JASpencer 21:53, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

No original research. You speculate, interpret and you conclude from your own rumors. But there is no proof that Virchow was a Freemason. When was his initiation? When was he raised? Being esteemed or a sponsor doesn't mean you are automatically a Freemason. Virchow is not listed in Rober A. Minder's 'Freimaurer Politiker Lexikon' nor in any other list of Freemasons. Why if your speculations were correct? --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 22:28, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

WP:NOR says 'the only way to verifiably demonstrate that you are not doing original research is to cite reliable sources which provide information that is directly related to the topic of the article, and to adhere to what those sources say.'

I believe that in both of these cases I've demonstrated that (1) they are reliable sources, (2) they provide information directly related to Virchow's Masonry and (3) that saying that Virchow was a Freemason is adhering to what the sources say. JASpencer 22:39, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

Go to the Deutsches Freimaurermuseum Beyreuth http://freimaurer.org/english/museum/archiv.htm, pay 20 Euros and they will tell you if he was Freemason since they have a complete index of all available member lists of German lodges. But you can save your money, if Virchow was a Freemason this would be well-known here in Germany. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 23:12, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

The issue is do these citation meet the standards of WP:V. 'Facts, viewpoints, theories, and arguments may only be included in articles if they have already been published by reliable and reputable sources. Articles should cite these sources whenever possible.' If the information in these two articles contradicts your view and the available member list then find a contrary citation.

Your view also contradicts WP:NOR. JASpencer 07:24, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

A content RFC has been listed on WP:RFC/HIST. JASpencer 07:32, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

I already explained why your conclusions are wrong. I don't like to repeat myself. You read what you wish to read. You have no source for his Lodge nor his initiation, no document about his membership and you are not even able to cite a text that mentions such a document. No masonic membership list includes Virchow. Why if your reading would be correct? --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 13:21, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Please see this from WP:V:

This is directly applicable to the case above. JASpencer 14:30, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Response to RfC

Firstly, my bias - I care not either way about Freemasonry, and my comments here are from the perspective of finding resolution to two conflicting assessments from a purely academic perspective. From what I see, there appears to be only one statement in favour of Virchow's having been a Freemason. Craig's statement implies Virchow was *respected* in masonic circles - not that he was a Freemason. The 'Liberty-Fraternity' statement is irrelevant - I believe in these things, yet have nought to do with Freemasonry. That leaves an indirect (from evidentiary perspective) quote in a Scottish Rite Journal. So one piece or reasonably weak evidence in favour. Negative proof is a bit of a bugbear - prove to me that fairies do *not* exist - you can't. So you can't prove that Virchow was *not* a freemason, and there is some tentative association - but that is not enough to say unequivocally that he was. And SGOvD's argument is very valid - if he was, he would be listed in the requisite references - just like if you have a birth certificate you are in the appropriate register of births - if *not* then either there was an error, or there is deception/fraud. And what reason is there for 'hiding' Virchow's affiliation? So without going into OR, we have one weak evidence for and one circumstantial but very strong evidence against. I would suggest that in this case, in the interest of reasonable compromise and keeping the public informed, some phrase be crafted along the lines of 'Virchow was respected in masonic circles, and according to one source (cite) may have been a freemason, though no official record of this has been found'. 216.168.116.80 15:03, 8 April 2006 (UTC) sorry, didn't realize my login was expired Bridesmill 15:04, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Its alot easier just not to say that he was, or was not a Freemason. It has no reason to be in the article, except to seed a bogus theory in other places. Imacomp 18:47, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

I'm very curious; why all this effort to not say that this assertion has been made, even if in only one place? Bridesmill 19:00, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

The effort is on the bogus theorist’s side, in a 'crusade', to link Kulturkampf directly to some international war - of 'evil' Masons against the 'nice 'n' cuddly' 19th Century RC Church. If Wiki becomes the repository of the wackiest, then it will not be much of a credible encyclopaedia. Jesus likes truth, not “telling a little lie in the cause”. The effort here is to keep out the bogus, not to suppress anything. Imacomp 19:16, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

'The effort here is to keep out the bogus, not to suppress anything.' First the sentence contradicts itself. Not that important. Imacomp thinks that the connection of Virchow's asserted freemasonry with Kulturkampf should fall under WP:NOR (which is at least arguable) and decides that it makes any mention of Virchow's asserted freemasonry forbidden, even if it were to satisfy WP:V.

On the RFC comment itself I think that this is a reasonable compromise that keeps to the facts and satisfies both parties' arguments (that is not to say that it will satisfy the other party). I do think that both quotes were valid, but that's life. I also think that the stuff about the Masonic records is overblown because (1) German Freemasonry was fractured into at least nine Grand Lodges and Orients and (2) Freemasonry was suppressed under the Nazis which meant that records are likely to have been hidden and destroyed. The Masonic habit of keeping membership secret is also at least a complicating factor.

All that being said I am satisfied with Bridesmill's proposed solution. The sign of a good compromise is that both sides feel that they have given up something. JASpencer 19:37, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Why should there be a compromise in the best traditions of Wiki, just to plug your bogus rantings without facts? Dream on. Imacomp 19:57, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Could I please point you to WP:NPA? JASpencer 20:11, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Why? (And its rude to point). Imacomp 20:13, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

'bogus rantings without facts' does get quite close to making 'accusatory comments' JASpencer 20:17, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Is that a fact? Imacomp 20:21, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

OK; time for counting to 10 & deep breaths here. Why should it be improper to state that Virchow is alleged to have been a Freemason? To say something is bogus because you don't agree is somewhat questionable at least. And stating an allegation is very different from alleging a fact. On the other hand, suppressing an alleged fact is dishonest. Bridesmill 20:23, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

OK, if I wrote, 'Bridesmill is a Freemason', would that be WP:NPA? I have no reason to say that is true, but could this be re-quoted in Wiki? If not, why not. I could do the same on some other web page, but it would not make it a fact, or important enough to be actually quotable, would it? I say its all those little Grey 'Men' anyway, right? (They inter-bread with the French royalty, in a 'novel' way, and run Opus Dei). Imacomp 20:34, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

I think 'Virchow did not come from the planet Bloop' should be added, just in case? Imacomp 20:38, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

I'm not sure what I can add here; it seems pretty obvious that you will only accept facts you like; what exactly do you need for provenance, besides it being something which supports you POV? Do you consider as bogus every published item which contradicts your view? It seems to me that Spencer is willing to compromise & tone done his assertions to cited allegations, I am still curious why you are so very averse to Virchow is alleged to have been a Freemason (cite) Let the reader decide whether or not the cite matches their criteria. If this is a case of 'my way or the highway', I am afraid RfC is not going to be sufficient to resolve this issue.Bridesmill 21:50, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Perchance you may or may not Bring some Light on the issue. But that could make you a Lightbringer? If that is cryptic for you, ask at Freemasonry ;) Imacomp 21:59, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

I don't find that in the slightest way humorous. I came here as a result of RfC; I stated my bias from the start and addressed the issue from a question of debate & academics rather than politics. I have nothing to do with the individual you allege me to be related to - a cursory review of my contributions/user page/IP should make that fairly obvious. If I did, my suggestion would certainly not be to tell JASpencer to tone down the proposed material. Bridesmill 22:15, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Well yes, see were whacked stuff gets us. So why put them in articles? I do not see the imperative to bring Freemasonry into the guy's biog here, except to support a whacked theory. Imacomp 22:21, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

If a theory is 'whacked' (I am assuming here you are referring to tin-foil hat conspiracies etc) suppression of an allegation is not going to help prove that the theory is wacko - if anything, suppression of allegations helps those who argue 'conspiracy'. So Virchow is alleged to have been a Freemason - where does that leave you or anyone else? It is a point of interest and may lead the researcher down some interesting avenues for further research, but it does nothing in terms of establishing evidentiary credentials. Bridesmill 22:33, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

The whacked theory leads to an alleged dead-end and is not noteworthy. Imacomp 22:40, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

? So if Virchow's alleged Masonic ties tie into a dead-end wacko theory, so what? That's like tying the allegation that I looked at the stars last night to a theory that I communicate to extra-terrestrials (I don't BTW ;-)). It's a non-sequitur and would not stand up to any examination. You are certainly leaving the perception that this is way beyond POV. Just what are you afraid of here? Bridesmill 23:03, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

You are certainly leaving the perception that this is way beyond POV. Just what are you afraid of here? The truth? And around we go. This is were I get off. Imacomp 23:10, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

? If you are not going to discuss the issue, perhaps this needs more than RfC. At least one party here seems to be willing to be reasonable & compromise in making it academically sound - why not just leave it at that. Bridesmill 23:26, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

First of all, Jagor's first name was 'Fedor', not 'Feodor'. Both Fedor Jagor and Rudolf Virchow are not listed as a Freemason, but Rizal is. So this text, without giving primary sources for that, adds two people who were instrumental besides Freemasons. If Virchow would have been a Freemason, this would not only appear in a subordinate clause in only one text of the world. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 10:34, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

Bridesmill, to be fair I don't think that they are really afraid of any dirty secrets about Virchow, but they just don't like giving ground in any way to non-masonic editors. There's been a considerable history of butting heads on other articles, for which I was certainly not immune. JASpencer 15:40, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

I would be glad if Virchow was a Mason, there's nothing dirty about it. Now JASpencer has no proof but insists in his puzzle piece of his own original research conspiracy theory. So instead of having reliable sources, he has nothing but an interpretation of a subordinate clause of a tertiary source. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 16:35, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

Second citation

Bridesmill as I said I think that your text is a good compromise. I would like to add a citation to 'respected in masonic circles' so it would look like this:

Virchow was respected in masonic circles<ref name='Virchowrespected'>'Rizal's Berlin associates, or perhaps the word 'patrons' would give their relation better, were men as esteemed in Masonry as they were eminent in the scientific world--Virchow, for example.' in JOSE RIZAL AS A MASON by AUSTIN CRAIG, The Builder Magazine, (http://www.phoenixmasonry.org/the_builder_1916_august.htm August 1916 - Volume II - Number 8)</ref>, and according to one source<ref name='VirchowMason'>'It was a heady atmosphere for the young Brother, and Masons in Germany, Dr. Rudolf Virchow and Dr. Feodor Jagor, were instrumental in his becoming a member of the Berlin Ethnological and Anthropological Societies.' From (http://srjarchives.tripod.com/1998-10/PEARSON.HTM Dimasalang: The Masonic Life Of Dr. Jose P. Rizal By Reynold S. Fajardo, 33°) by Fred Lamar Pearson, Scottish Rite Journal, October 1998</ref> may have been a freemason, though no official record of this has been found.

Any objections?

JASpencer 17:47, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

Although this is IMHO a false conclusion, I have no problem with it. He was also a friend of Heinrich Schliemann, also a Mason, but I found no German source or even a clue that Virchow was a mason. In my Masonic Encyclopedia, Virchow is mentioned as the creator of the word 'Kulturkampf', but there's also no record that he was a mason. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 19:01, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

wm@sgovd - Is that encyclopedia Lenning? This has nothing to do with the question, but just wondering if you have access to it. Thanks. JASpencer 19:02, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

I have access to Lenning, but also to my 'Internationales Freimaurerlexikon'. --SGOvD webmaster (talk) 02:22, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

Is Internationales Freimaurerlexikon a Masonic dictionary? JASpencer 22:11, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

On Lenning, is it available on the internet? JASpencer 22:12, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

Now that it 'seemed everyone had agreed, why the rv of sourced & cited material? I sense a bit of lack of good faith here - if in fact it turns out that JASpencer is up to some quote whacked unquote theory, please feel free to send me an 'I told you so'.Bridesmill 00:16, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

I told you so. Imacomp 00:32, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

As I stated before, the mysterious stuff is not helpful to anybody. If you see an issue, please advise; otherwise rv to the status quo agreed upon by SGOvD & JAS. Bridesmill 00:40, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

Well Bridesmill Imacomp's reverted again. JASpencer 16:56, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

Can we just put in the text that was agreed upon, rather than saying 'ok' and then reverting anyways? That is definitely not good faith. Bridesmill 19:00, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

If this gets reverted again would a vandalism warning be appropriate? JASpencer 07:44, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

No. Keep your waki stuff out of Wiki. Imacomp 13:24, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

So. What do we do now? JASpencer 13:44, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

I would suggest taking it to an admin; definitely not showing good faith; and to date I still don't see why this little factoid is causing Imacomp such heartache. Bridesmill 15:43, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Talambuhay

Thank you. I will do that. There seem to be a few blanket reversions of my edits by Imacomp so I'll see how many he's done and I'll go from there.

As a matter of interest is there any particular admin who specialises in non-cooperative users? I've been on Wikipedia for a long time but have avoided this sort of malarky. JASpencer 16:19, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

As a matter of interest is there any particular admin who specialises in non-cooperative users? I would say that since they are reasonable people, they will have a good laugh at your wako edits. Imacomp 21:15, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Xian?

Was he also a Christian? I'd assume that most likely he was since he spoke out against Darwinism.---Shanoman (talk) 08:39, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

Assessment comment

The 'scientific career' section is insufficiently referenced to qualify for B-class status. WhatamIdoing (talk) 20:59, 13 March 2009 (UTC)

Someone knows if he studied Medicine or Chemistry ? I think he gets his medical degree in 1843 from Berlin university. Can someone confirm this ? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.123.119.233 (talk) 11:38, 23 August 2009 (UTC)

Sec sic

'Virchow studied sec and chemistry in Berlin at the Prussian Military Academy on a scholarship of dinner.'As 'sec' does not appear on any modern curriculum I would love to know more. What does a scholarship of 'dinner' entail? Are other meals excluded?Chrysippo (talk) 13:06, 13 January 2011 (UTC)

Dark (and less known) side of Rudolph Virchow

Virchow did not create the concept of 'cellular pathology'. Robert Remak did it some years before in various successive studies. But Virchow coined 'omnis cellula e cellula' in his Cellular Pathology (a book) and, in its first edition, he didn't mention Remak's studies. It is a violation of Medical Ethics (well, accuse me of writing POV).Another questionable points were displayed by Virchow towards Remak, but for now I only write this one.This does remind me about Geison's investigations about Pasteur's scientific integrity.References:Kampe N & Schmiedebach HP (1989). Robert Remak (1815-1865). A case study in Jewish emancipation in the mid.nineteenth century German scientific community. Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook34: 95-129.Lagunoff D (2001). A Polish, Jewish Scientist in 19th-Century Prussia. Science298: 2331.Lagunoff D (2004). Omnis cellula e cellula. Virchow and Remak on Cell Theory and Neoplasia. The ASIP Bulletin 7:3 pages not numbered.José Ferreira da Silva, Veterinary Pathologist —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.136.99.101 (talk) 14:01, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

Sausage as duel weapon

Despite the fact that the Myron Schultz (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603088/) is perpetuating the tale of Virchows proposal of sausages as duel weapons, there is nothing true about it. It is just an 'urban myth' resulting from the public debate about his refusal to duel with Bismarck. Please check more than one reliable source before posting something like this! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.134.28.10 (talk) 05:46, 23 February 2011 (UTC)

Dinner scholarship?

The article says that he studied 'on a scholarship of dinner'. This is meaningless in English. Norvo (talk) 23:51, 22 April 2011 (UTC)

Photo

A better photo is available in PMID20739582. As he died in 1902, PD-old should pertain.LeadSongDogcome howl! 22:11, 4 August 2011 (UTC)

pronunciation?

Could a knowledgeable person provide the correct pronunciation of the name?Fhayashi (talk) 20:38, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

Correct pronunciation is 'fear-chof.' The V in German is of course an F sound (Vater). W in German is usually V, but I was told that where RV was from, OW is soft. Ie. the W becomes a V becomes an F. It's definitely 'veer-cow'!

Tchussle (talk) 17:49, 29 October 2008 (UTC)

Don't know what you mean by 'correct pronunciation is 'fear-chof'; what language?

The OW at the end is pronounced as a long O, as in Buelow, Pankow, Treptow, Reventlow.

The initial V is voiced, so the word sounds somewhat like 'Veer-show' (rhymes with 'beer blow'), albeit with the forward ch instead of the sh, and the i a little shorter than the long ee sound.RogerLustig (talk) 19:54, 29 October 2008 (UTC)

The latter edit is right, - except the initial V, it is voiceless (like F). Today in German both pronunciations are used, although the original and correct one is 'F'. (You can believe it, I'm a native speaker.)

Using Wikipedia: IPA and IPA for German the correct transcription imho should be:

(ˡfɪʁçoː) or (ˡfɪɐ̯ çoː)

The (ɐ̯) means approximately a short (ə) after another vowel. -- TM 134.2.64.111 (talk) 22:41, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

Its pronounced fēr'-CHō. Its German and you can see it in this 1918 Publication of Every-day Pronunciation by Robert Palfrey Utter. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Knpart01 (talk • contribs) 01:40, 27 October 2012 (UTC)

Missing death date

For some reason, his date of death (5 September 1902) is missing from the bio in the upper right-hand corner of this article and I can't seem to edit it.63.143.225.18 (talk) 22:44, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Done. Seems like you should be able to, that's odd. Biosthmors (talk) 23:58, 24 February 2013 (UTC)

Back to Virchov

Some mention should be made that many experts are advocating a return to Virchov's theory on the origins of cancer. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.91.29.44 (talk) 00:26, 31 December 2013 (UTC)

Done I have created a new subsection. Chhandama (talk) 11:28, 22 December 2014 (UTC)

Date of first autopsy manual

'his fist booklet on autopsy, handwritten by himself, on 23 October 1827' this date must be wrong if he was born in 1821. Eaberry (talk) 03:32, 22 December 2014 (UTC)

You are right. The story was mixed up. Correction done. Chhandama (talk) 03:11, 23 December 2014 (UTC)

Missing date for first meat inspection adoption in Germany

The article states 'He established that human infection occurs through contaminated pork. This directly led to the importance of meat inspection, which was first adopted in Berlin' - so far so good. I believe the specific date at hand should also be mentioned, whatever it is (I don't know myself yet, so this is why I ask.) 2A02:8388:1600:C80:BE5F:F4FF:FECD:7CB2 (talk) 21:39, 30 August 2016 (UTC)

---

I don't know how to comment on this, so if this is done incorrectly please someone fix it. Anyways, according to the wiki article on trichinosis, 'A series of experiments conducted between 1850 and 1870 by the German researchers Rudolf Virchow, Rudolf Leuckart and Friedrich Albert von Zenker, which involved feeding infected meat to a dog and performing the subsequent necropsy, led to the discovery of the life cycle of Trichinella. Through these experiments, Virchow was able to describe the development and infectivity of T. spiralis' Source: Blumer G. 'Some remarks on the early history of Trichinosis (1822–1866)'. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 1 (6): 581–588.

However, in the same wikipedia-article one can read: 'As early as 1835, trichinosis was known to have been caused by a parasite, but the mechanism of infection was unclear at the time. A decade later, American scientist Joseph Leidy pinpointed undercooked meat as the primary vector for the parasite, and it was not until two decades afterwards that this hypothesis was fully accepted by the scientific community'.

Seems like some detective work is needed to settle that one.

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Rudolf_Virchow/Archive_1&oldid=883848292'

HubPages»

Education and Science»

On June 10, 1872, Jose together with his brother went to Manila to grant his wish of enrolling Jose in San Juan de Letran. Jose Rizal took the entrance examination and passed them with flying colors, then he went back to Calamba to stay for a while with his family and attend their town fiesta only to find out that his father’s wish changed instead of enrolling him to San Juan de Letran he wished to enroll him to Ateneo de Manila.

Thus, being an obedient child, upon his return to Manila accompanied again by his brother Paciano, they proceeded to Ateneo Municipal. At first Father Magin Fernando, who was the college registrar, denied them of admittance for two reasons: 1.) he was late for registration and 2.) he was sickly and undersize for his age. Jose Rizal was then eleven years old. However, they sought the intercession of Manual Xerez Burgos, nephew of Father Burgos. As a result, he was reluctantly admitted at the Ateneo.

First Year in Ateneo (1972-73)

Jose Rizal belonged to the class composed of Spaniards, mestizos and Filipinos. His first teacher was Fr. Jose Bech. As a newcomer and knowing little Spanish, he was considered as inferior and placed at the bottom of the class. He was an externo hence he was assigned to the Carthaginians, an occupant of the end of the line.

He proved he was no inferior for at the end of the month he became the emperor and received a prize, a religious picture. To improve his Spanish, Jose Rizal took private lesson in Santa Isabel College during the noon recess while students were playing and gossiping. In the second half of the first year, his performance declined and was not able to maintain his academic supremacy that he held during his first half of the term for the reason that he was affected so much by the remarks of some professors. He placed second at the end of the year although his grades were marked excellent. According to Ambeth Ocampo there were only twelve students in a class, nine of which, including Jose Rizal, graduated sobresaliente with the same excellent mark in all their subjects in school year 1876-77.

Second year in Ateneo (1873-74)

Jose Rizal repented having neglected his studies the previous year. He studied harder this year and regained his leadership composure and became an emperor again.

His Favorite Books

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Biography

‘Count of Monte Cristo’ (Alexander Dumas) – characterized by Edmond Dantes (the hero) in prison, is spectacular escape from the dungeon of Chateau d’ If, the finding of buried treasure on the rocky island of Monte Cristo, and his dramatic revenge on his enemies who had wronged him;

‘Travels in the Philippines’ (Dr. Feodor Jagor) – a German scientist-traveler who visited the Philippines in 1859-1860. What struck him most in this book were Jagor’s keen oberservations of the defects of Spanish colonization and his prophecy that someday Spain would lose the Philippines and that America would come to succeed her as colonizer;

‘Universal History’ (Cesar Cantu) – a non-fiction historical work. He was able to acquire an expensive set of this book by convincing his father that this book would be of great aid in his studies and enabled him to win more prizes.

Third year in Ateneo (187-75)

Jose Rizal returned to Ateneo shortly before the classes began to start his junior year. He met his mother and informed him that she was finally released from prison, just as he predicted when he visited her to her prison cell in Santa Cruz, Laguna.

However, he was disappointed to the result of his class performance as in the previous year, although his grades remained excellent in all subjects. He won a single medal in Latin. He failed to win a medal in Spanish because his spoken Spanish was not that fluent. A Spaniard who delivered Spanish with fluency and right accentuation defeated him.

Fourth Year in Ateneo (1875-76)

On June 16, 1875, he became a boarder in Ateneo. He befriended his professor Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez, whom he regarded as great educator and scholar. He inspired him to write poetry and to study harder. Fr. Sanchez recognized his God-given talents. Because of the inspiration and recognition given, he regarded the Jesuit professor as “model of uprightness, earnestness, and love” for the advancement of his students.

Consequently, he resumed his studies with vigor and dedication and topped all his classmates in all subjects and won five medals at the end of the school term.

Last year in Ateneo (1876-77)

Although there was a great improvement in his performance but his previous years of performance made a great effect, he graduated on March 23, 1877 (16 years old) and received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, with highest honors and not a valedictorian.

Guillermo ospina fernandez regimen general de las obligaciones pdf. Extra Curricular Involvement

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Statue

an emperor inside the classroom

campus leader

active member and became a secretary, the Marian Congregation Religious Society

member of the Academy of Spanish Literature and the Academy of Natural Sciences

poet

studied painting under the famous Spanish Painter, Agustin Saez

improved his sculpture talents under the supervision of Romualdo de Jesus

engaged in gymnastics and fencing and continued the physical training under his sports-minded Tio Manuel.

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Museum

House of Jose Rizal Photos and Info

Quotes From Dr Jose Rizal

Jose Rizal Quotes Best Quotes of Dr. Jose Rizal

Dr. Jose Rizal Controversies

Jose Rizal: The Genius And Lionhearted Hero

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Island

HOW TO ROTATE / FLIP PICTURES OR PHOTOS WITH OPEN OFFICE

SOCIAL MEDIA's six genres

Dr Feodor Jagor And Jose Rizal Images

.ohh my God Rizal! I think I fall in love with you. Every now and then I'm always looking for you. You made my heart beats faster . You made my eye twinkling. You're my hero! My love! RIZAL!

haha good

boring nga ang history pero as a filipino,you must know what happened ad salute our heroes.

who was rizal's classmate in ateneo who he admitted was better than him?

akala ko boring pagaralan ang history lalo na kapag life na ng mga heroes pinag-aaralan ero di pala.

cyado ngang interisating ei:))

Rizal is the greatest Malayan heritage. He is one of the reason why our country is liberated from the hand of the imperialist Spain. without him Andres Boniface (hehehe, Bonifacio) and the others will never be encourage to fight for our freedom. So we must thank him and hailed him for his undying dedication and sacrifices for our country, as what loverboy said he is the eye opener.

to those person who condemned rizal fuck you more!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

di ka pinoy kung di mo love Rizal.

Rizal is our national hero. You must give due respect to him. He apply his splendor talents just to awaken our mind of the wrong doings of the Spaniards. We must be thankful of him because he serves as an eye opener to everybody.

magaling nga si rizal pero hnd sya ang nagpalaya ng pinsa db? :) idol ko sya kc ang talino nea. pro i think may mas karapat dapat na iba upang maging national hero. peace :)

cnu ung mga 12 graduates noong 1877, ksama c dr.jose rizal? anu rin ung mga grades nila? tnx =)

i really like rizal cause he is a good one at kahit bata pa sya ginagwa nya ang lahat to be an emperor deserving talaga sya maging hero at dahil dyan naging inspirasyon ko si rizal ,

Deserving talaga si Rizal na maging national hero. Na-appreciate ko talaga kung ano yung nagawa niya para sa bansa natin. Kung wala siya, siguro naghihirap na tayo ngayon. Kaya we should be thankful for what he did para sa bansa natin.

my picture ba kayo of rizal Wearing his uniform at ateneo de municipal ???

plss inform mee :))

[email protected]

d talga ako ngbabasa ng mga books. report ko lng ito kaya me ngresearch. pero nung nabasa ko na prang gusto ko na basahin lahat hindi lng report ko.. nkakainspired kasi.

mga ungas,.dapat maging proud kau.,ung mga nauna.,filing.,igalang nyo hero natin.,his the one,.i'am the two.,.,hehehe .,tama,.

rizal was the ever genius man produced by the filipino race :)

,.,., thanks ky Dr. Rizal because of him were all free from spanish colonial,., love and respect him,., dahil sa mga ngawa nya sa ating lahat,. at sa mga nag post na hndi mgnda,., your not appreciating what he done for you!!!!!!!

hay kung may like button lang sana to nilike ko na mga comment nyo.hehhehehe

I really appreciate what rizal done to our country. I salute you very much jose rizal. For those who did not give emphasis to the life of rizal, MAMATAY NA KAYO!

yepSedo. Rizal is very witty, prolific, and most especially a brave novelist.

just like his very inspirational poem

'Por La Educacion Recibe Lustre La Patria'

Through Education the Country receives Light.

kol nga siya ,eh.

IDOL KO RIN SIA DAHIL PNATUNAYAN NA MAS MATALI ANG PEN KSA SA MATATALIM NA BAGAY.. PINAKITA NIA ANG GALING NIA SA IBATIBANG PARTE NG MUNDO .. HINDI SIA GUMAWA NG IKAKASAKIT NG KAPWA NIYA SA HALIP NGSULAT SIA NG MAGAGANDANG KWENTO . I LOVE HISTORY .. KUNG WALA ANG NOON WALA ANG NGAUN.. ANG BAWAT PANYAYARI SA ARAW ARAW AY MAGIGING HISTORY

i think Rizal is a very intelligent person and observant person.

@fairykaye:

May I know your sources so that I can use this information on a school paper? :)

i was looking for another information about rizal as a dramatist

Hehehe! grabe naman kau kung makapagcomment., wagas.,!

boring xa pero nasarapan ako sa pag babasa . :) kasi mabait teacher namin kaya gusto kung matutunan lahat kung ano si rizal . heheh :)

Let's preserve our patriotism, become a Knight of Rizal.

i really salute Dr. Jose Rizal.

The way you posted your reply is very indicative of your intellectual capacity. I think your life's boring. Typical, not like Rizal's.

tama!!! cguru spaniard nagsabi nun.walang kwentang tao un.respect rizal

kayu ang boring hindi ang buhay nya

mga walang pag papahalaga.

ayos si riza;...

we are now free from Spaniards because of him/..

thanks////////////

Pilipino ba kayo? Kung wala si Rizal sa tingin mo ganyan ang buhay mo ngayon? Ikinahihiya mo ba siya? Ikaw kaya mo ba ang ginawa niya? Huwag ninyo naman kalimutan ang paggalang, mga Pilipino pa man din kayo.

uu nga ie RIZAL pero foR mE rizAL iS cOoL peRsOn :D

0 notes

loadinggas47 · 3 years

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Doom 3 Map Editor For Mac

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Latest beta of this Mac-only editor, shareware, with $10 registration free. Not updated anymore. RHEU 1.2: 125 KB DOS This is a DEU like editor that can be used to make Heretic levels and to convert Doom levels. SLADE 2.0 beta1: Link: 1150 KB sirjuddington Windows SLADE 2 is a portable map editor for Doom. Doom Builder is an advanced, revolutionary map editor for Doom and games based on the Doom engine, such as Heretic, Hexen and Strife. Editor for Doom and.game engines of the Doom community. ReDoomEd for Mac/Linux/BSD (BETA) Port of “DoomEd”, id Software’s Doom map editor for NeXTSTEP (1993) During development of the 1993 Doom game, John Romero & John Carmack wrote a NeXTSTEP application for designing the game's levels, called ' DoomEd '. Jul 09, 2004 it will probobly be tedious enough that 'newbie' mappers arent going to be cropping up all the time to get their 15 minutes of fame, or 15 minutes of infamy (depending on just how awful the map is). I tried my hand at doom mapping about 2 years ago and it just went nowhere. Same with half life. The half-life map editer made me want to shoot my computer (so did the walk throughs).

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Forum Topics (Latest 5 threads)

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Pretty much the last jewel in the crown that I hadn’t ported to iOS and tvOS was DOOM 3, powered by id Tech 4.

By now you know the drill – here’s the GitHub link for those who want to cut to the chase.

DOOM 3 for iOS and tvOS for Apple TV https://github.com/tomkidd/DOOM3-iOS

Every game or engine I’ve ported so far has had challenges and this one is no exception. Besides the fact that like Quake II there’s no existing ports to iOS, the game itself has two different releases, years apart: DOOM 3, the original 2004 release, and DOOM 3: BFG Edition, a 2012 re-release with enhanced visuals to reflect more modern PC hardware and later consoles. I originally wasn’t sure which one to port, or if I should do both.

After the 2000 release of the Quake III: Team Arena expansion pack, a faction within id Software wanted to do a new DOOM game. A majority of the owning partners resisted the idea, and it was out of character with id’s usual practice of coming up with a new IP. However a large enough contingent threatened to leave that management caved and the new DOOM project got the go-ahead. Carmack announced the decision as well as the precipitating drama and its aftermath (controversial employee Paul Steed was terminated) on his .plan file.

DOOM 3 would wind up being both a sequel as well as a reboot of the previous games. The original games were groundbreaking, using the best technology available at the time and generally not following first person shooter game development trends because there weren’t any. You can point to individual entries here and there as to who did what first, but there’s a reason why for many years first person shooters were called “DOOM clones”. Numerous game developers would license the source code to Wolfenstein 3-D but DOOM changed everything. Apogee, who published Wolfenstein 3-D had a developer spend two years to make another game with the engine, the Sci-Fi Blake Stone: Aliens of Gold. It was ambitious, it added a lot of things that Wolfenstein 3-D never had, and it had the exceptionally bad timing of being released one week before DOOM. I’ve used this analogy before but it’s like being that movie that got released on the same day as the original Star Wars.

In the decade between DOOM II and DOOM 3 (which, like Quake 4, for some reason moved away from Roman Numerals and went with Arabic Numerals – all the more odd when you consider the Roman Numeral version had an official logo at one point) a lot of first person shooter games had come out. Games which tried new things, like Half-Life and its long buildup with the train ride and experiment gone wrong, or System Shock 2 which melded elements of survival horror with interactive elements like a PDA and audio diaries. The designers had to contend with the notion that the gameplay elements had to mesh with the increasing graphics fidelity and resulting realism that modern gamers had grown to expect. The “monster closets” of the original games (do thing in level, trigger door to small room with monsters that now come at you) made less sense in a higher fidelity world.

Flashing forward a bit, the 2016 reboot of DOOM seems to strike an impressive balance between graphic improvements and the frantic gameplay of the originals to the point where it can make the direction they did decide to go with DOOM 3 seem like a giant misfire. In hindsight though, you can understand why they went the direction they did – the original premise of the game was that the main character was fighting his way through or out of a series of Martian bases after a failed experiment caused demons from hell to take over and turn the remaining humans into zombies. Really though they developed the gameplay and conjured up a plot around it later, and not a very thorough plot either. Plots aren’t always necessary in gaming – no one knows why Pac-Man is in a maze surrounded by ghosts, for example, and no one cares.

So when tasked to come up with a sequel/reboot of that concept, and armed with the knowledge that games like System Shock 2 have come along, it makes perfect sense that one angle you try and approach it from essentially takes the form of a survival horror game in the dark. Carmack’s experimentation with advanced lighting and shadowing techniques lent itself to a game where the lack of light played a key role – the player has a flashlight he can use to illuminate the darkness, but he can’t have it out at the same time as a weapon. Designed to increase tension, it became the game’s most controversial decision, later to be changed by mods and modified in the BFG release.

The game had other technological feats up its sleeve, such as the use of 5.1 surround sound which was uncommon on the PC at the time and gaming in general until game consoles with HDMI out started becoming a thing. Early in the development they had contracted with Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails to do the sound design and music, which led to several changes in how the engine handled audio since Reznor was a professional engineer (Reznor would later drop out of the project for various reasons and the theme song would be done by tool Tweaker, fronted by Chris Vrenna, a former NIN collaborator). And the level editor was actually built into the game engine, accessible via a command line option, which was something Carmack resisted for years but eventually agreed to.

id Software’s console ports were usually long after the fact afterthoughts, frequently outsourced to others. They had some hand in the SNES port of Wolfenstein 3-D, they did the Atari Jaguar port of DOOM themselves (it famously took Carmack years to find a home for the Jaguar dev kit, he wanted to make sure someone who would actually appreciate it would take it), but their ports of Quake, Quake II and Quake III: Arena were all done by other companies. The console ports of Quake and Quake II actually used different engines and the Dreamcast and PS2 ports of Quake III: Arena featured various differences with the original (with the PS2 port being renamed Quake III: Revolution).

Their plan for the console port of DOOM 3 to the original Xbox was similar in the respect that it was outsourced to a different developer (Vicarious Visions) but rather than being an after-the-fact release, it was developed alongside the PC game, though it featured cut down levels and sounds, was released several months later, but would feature co-op play, which the PC version lacked.

Apparently part of the logic of putting out DOOM 3 on the Xbox, as opposed to also putting out out on the PS2 or GameCube, was that the Xbox was more roughly analogous to a PC with its x86 architecture and Nvidia GPU. Something Carmack said nearly every year in the four or five QuakeCon keynotes delivered during DOOM 3‘s development, whose development apparently took longer than expected, was that the game would be playable on a GeForce 256 (the first GeForce card, followed later by the GeForce 2). Ergo the fact that the Xbox had the rough equivalent, reportedly, of a GeForce 3 era card made perfect sense. In practice, a GeForce 3 was the minimum stated requirement for the game and the GeForce 3 Ti 20 (I think) that I had at the time barely played the game in whatever resolution it was I was running it as. Part of that may have been the back and forth a lot of PC gamers do – namely having to make the decision of whether or not you would prefer a graphically dialed down experience in favor of a higher frame rate, or better graphics at the cost of frame rate. The truth is there probably was some way to run it on a GeForce 256 but whether anyone would want to is another matter.

id Software’s next game RAGE would change course by being simultaneously developed and released for game consoles as well as PC by id themselves, with that generation of consoles being really the first generation where games could be delivered in rough feature parity with the PC.

In any event, it only makes sense that I try and port DOOM 3 next, however like I said there’s issues there too, namely do I do the original DOOM 3 port or the DOOM 3 BFG port. That latter entry on the PC is sort of redundant to some extent seeing as how various mod projects have taken the mantle of improving the graphics of the original game, but since it also shipped on the consoles of the era (360, PS3) it gave an opportunity for the game to be better represented on modern consoles.

The dilemma was further exacerbated by the fact that GOG only sells the BFG edition, not the vanilla one. You can still buy the regular one on Steam where it’s pretty much always $5 or less, whereas the BFG edition is $20 normally.

DOOM 3‘s source code was released in 2011, a few months after RAGE shipped. The following year the BFG edition was released and interestingly enough the source code for it was released the following month (I’m not an expert on this but I believe that they could have not released it under GPL since they could argue it was a derivative work of their original, older source and not a derivative work of the GPL-released code but they went ahead and just released the BFG edition’s code anyway).

In the Quake III: Arena world, the alpha and omega of source ports is ioquake3. I’m not completely clear on the specifics of why or how but basically the community coalesced around this one project. The name was derived from icculus.org (the “io” in the name) so it naturally follows that a similar project would spring up for the DOOM 3 source code, and one did, iodoom3. However, unlike ioquake3, iodoom3 never really took off and stagnated to the point where, if you go to ioquake3’s website it looks like it’s the website of a modern game engine trying to sell you on its use, but iodoom3’s equivalent website tells you that you’re better off using one of two other projects: dhewm3 for the original source code, or RBDoom3BFG for the BFG release. Both of these are mature, well supported projects that otherwise have nothing to do with each other.

As a first step I figured I should at least get the original DOOM 3 running on the Mac in the form of the dhewm3 project. After sorting out a few things I was able to get the project building via a Makefile and soon enough I was up and running. It’s funny, a little while back I spotted a clearance copy of the BFG edition at a Walmart for the PS3 and since I still have my PS3 hooked up for watching movies, I figured I’d fire it up. In playing through it a bit and also playing through the game a bit on the Mac, I realize to some extent id Software chose to copy maybe the worst feature of Half-Life: it’s a really slow game at the start and it takes you a surprisingly large amount of time to get to the part you give a damn about. You go through this whole opening sequence with a slow moving spaceship and then you have to find this one dude, who sends you to this other dude, who sends you to follow this slow moving spider robot thing to go find this other dude, while at the same time there’s this conversation going on to the side which you get to see parts of, and then you get to the good part where everything goes to shit and then you get to start shooting things. The sequence where things go wrong and the people you just walked past become zombies is impressive and still works today, and the amount of time it takes to get to this point (including a spider robot you have to follow) is not bad when you’re strapped in for a journey, but it’s not a great drop-in-and-play game. They would rectify this spectacularly in DOOM 2016 by allowing you to shoot motherfuckers in like the first minute.

Like ioquake3, yquake2 and most well supported open source games, dhewm3 uses SDL, whereas the original game did not. As I’ve mentioned before, the Quake II port was the first one I’ve done where I used SDL’s iOS support. The Quake III: Arena port was based on Beben III which had gone out of its way to short circuit ioquake3’s SDL support, likely because the effort to get ioquake3 running on iOS predated the availability or viability of SDL on iOS. There were a number of hurdles to overcome with regards to getting one of these engines not only running on iOS with SDL, but also to fit in the CocoaTouch-based shell that I’ve been using. My hope was that after figuring this out I could get other games running quicker and more easily in iOS and tvOS. In the respect that this port took only a fraction of the time the Quake II port did, this wound up being true. But there’s a heck of a twist involved.

Having successfully compiled and run dhewm3 on the Mac via a makefile, I proceeded to try and get it running via an Xcode project. I’ve found that this whole process works best when you take baby steps. You know that the code will compile and run on the Mac, so you try and get it going in an Xcode project. When you run into issues… well you know there has to be some sort of fix because it compiles via the makefile fine. Then you get the code running in the Xcode project for iOS. When you run into issues… well you know it runs in the Xcode project on macOS so see what you may need to do different.

I ran into difficulty with the Xcode project for the macOS version but then I figured out something… the part of the process I didn’t mention yet is that it doesn’t just use a makefile, it uses CMake. CMake is sort of a meta layer above makefiles – when you point it to a directory with the CMake files it creates a makefile with all the stuff exactly like you need it for the platform you need and the location you want to compile the code.

I hate makefiles – I get why they use them and I even agree with why they use them, I just think they’re excruciatingly painful to work with. CMake files aren’t really much better. But CMake does do an extra thing I didn’t know at first (or had forgotten): you can use them to create Xcode projects (or Visual Studio projects, etc.). So I had CMake make me an Xcode project and that Xcode project built perfectly out of the box. I consulted what it does differently to make my Xcode project work and then I was up and running there, too.

So then it was time to actually start the iOS/tvOS project. I took the Quake2-iOS code, removed the actual Quake II engine code, commented out anything that relied on that code being there (like bridging hooks), and went in via BBEdit and replaced anything “Quake2” with “DOOM3”. I then verified that this built and ran despite having nothing to do. Weird having a DOOM 3 app on your phone with a Quake II icon.

Next, I did a wholesale import of the dhewm3 code. It’s a given that it won’t compile out of the box when you do this, so I wasn’t worried when exactly that happened. If nothing else, you have to change the imports of OpenGL include files with imports of OpenGL ES include files.

The next issue was with various other libraries. Coming from the Windows world, it took me a little bit to figure out the UNIX library naming convention is “lib___”. So for example one of the libraries needed was libzip (well, really it’s lzip so this isn’t the best example but go with it) which, like you might expect, is the library for zipping files, or reading the content of zip files. Easy enough. And you can add a reference to it right from the built in stuff in Xcode right out of the box.

Another thing dhewm3 needed (and this is probably the same for the base DOOM 3 source drop) is libjpeg which, unsurprisingly, is the library to read and write jpeg files. And I was thinking – well hell, there’s probably hundreds of those, right? Well maybe there’s more than one but pretty much everything pointed to the same libjpeg, and it’s literally the official library from the Joint Photographic Experts Group where they defined the jpeg standard.

Simple enough, but it’s not an option out of the box with Xcode, at least for iOS projects. Why? Well probably because on iOS they want you to, ideally, use something else like CoreGraphics, Apple’s library for handling graphics. Everything you can do with libjpeg can probably be done with CoreGraphics, though likely not with the same code.

Well, since going in and making everything in dhewm3 point to it’s CoreGraphics equivalent is beyond the scope of what I wanted to do, I instead just conjured up a libjpeg library for iOS.

A practice I saw in some early projects when dealing with iOS and Xcode was the use of embedded projects. Xcode has the concept of a workspace (.xcworkspace) and the concept of projects (.xcproj) and a workspace can have multiple parallel projects. However, a project can also have embedded projects of its own. I didn’t really like this practice and tended to lean towards workspaces or having dependencies with Carthage or something but a distinct advantage of the embedded project approach is that the project gets compiled, correctly, for whatever you’re targeting. When you run an app on the iOS Simulator, you’re running it on an x86_64 processor because that’s what the Mac is. But when you’re running on an actual device it’s an ARM processor. It’s possible to compile the binary in such a way that it basically combines the two but another way is just to link it in as a project and then Xcode just handles it for you. So I had libjpeg included as a project but for libcurl and the associated libraries it uses, I used the compiled versions I had from a previous project (I think it was the Quake III: Arena one).

Once I got past this I kept running into some issues with a C macro. dhewm3 does this thing where a bunch of code that effectively acts as a bridge to GL functions is expressed in the form of a call to a macro that expands them to the necessary functions instead of just including the functions directly. I’m not sure what the advantage is to this approach but basically I couldn’t tell if the issue was Xcode didn’t like the macro or if it was that these were referencing OpenGL concepts that didn’t exist in OpenGL ES, and Xcode, for all its strengths, kinda sucks at being clear or consistent at what is causing the issue.

But around this point I started to figure out that a lot of the remaining compilation errors were due to OpenGL related functionality. With the Quake II project, in the final equation the number of changes needed to bridge the gap between OpenGL and OpenGL ES was actually not that bad. But some searching seemed to indicate this wasn’t going to be the case with DOOM 3 at all. Basically, to pull off some of the stuff DOOM 3 did in 2004 when they delivered it, id had to pull some crazy shit that it appears didn’t make the cut for OpenGL ES, and implementing equivalents looked to be nontrivial.

Like I said, when I did the Quake II project, I found a fork of yquake2 that was targeting Android and so it had the OpenGL ES changes in place and I was able to graft them in. I went looking for something similar for dhewm3 and came up empty handed, but on a second pass it turns out I was too hasty to write off such a concept.

One of the forks of dhewm3 is called d3wasm. It’s a port of dhewm3 targeting WebAssembly which is something I’d never heard of before but I kinda thought that it was one of those deals where someone transcodes C++ to JavaScript to run in a web browser. I was wrong. I don’t really know how it works but it’s not that, although it does work in a web browser. And most importantly it uses OpenGL ES because some subset of that is what WebAssembly uses.

And fortunately the author of d3wasm likes to write long articles like I do so that was cool.

So I grafted over as much of the renderer code as seemed appropriate. A few things didn’t apply, like anything using Emsctipten (WebAssembly thing), but most stuff came over without a hitch and luckily there were few if any things in the code that pertained to changes elsewhere in his source.

After a couple of passes at grafting in code and working though some linker issues it compiled. Whenever this happens I’m thinking “holy shit”, but in this case it was especially crazy seeing as how I had been dicking with this for maybe a week, ten days tops. It took me over a month to get to this point with Quake II.

I had to figure out which main() function was effectively the real entry point (turns out it’s an SDL_Main() function) and modify that with conditional statements well enough to be the entry point from my CocoaTouch front end but once I did that I figured ok, let’s fire this puppy up and see how far he goes before he shits the bed.

And indeed there were a couple of “make the code look in the right place for the right data files” things and some tweaks to account for the whole thing being compiled into a glob instead of using libraries, but once I got that going not only did I see the video of the id Software logo, not only did I see the quick text of the console flying by, but I was sitting at the damn home screen of the game. And it worked.

I rigged it up to get into a level instead of going to the home screen and suddenly I was in an elevator.

In less than two weeks of screwing with it, I’m suddenly running DOOM 3 on my iPhone. It’s because I had SDL scaffolding set up from another project and because someone else had done the OpenGL ES work but I still didn’t think I’d get this far this fast.

Not that I could go anywhere in the game mind you. The SDL scaffolding was recognizing my game controller like I expected but unlike in Quake II, it didn’t automatically translate to movement in the game. I’m not sure if this is because dhewm3 didn’t have that in place (it’s admittedly an unusual feature for an FPS on a PC) or what but it fell on me to figure our the right way to wire it up. But I had also not disabled the mouse pointer integration in SDL so I could look around a little bit. And tapping was like clicking the mouse button and letting go was like releasing it. Which, since for whatever reason spawning right into this map meant I could very easily throw a grenade which would bounce right off the door and blow me the hell up in this tin can of an elevator.

At this point it’s worth mentioning C++. Every single id game engine prior to DOOM 3 was written in C, not C++. In some ways, as near as I can tell, using C instead of C++ as long as id did was unusual, but it’s hard to argue with the results. Maybe the new hammer is better than the old one but when you’re really good with the old one it’s understandable to want to stick to it.

C was pretty much the original high level language and its syntactical choices (curly brackets, semicolons) would basically be the foundation of programming languages for decades. Sort of like how every fantasy setting for decades resembled Lord of the Rings in some way. Later came this concept of object oriented programming. C had variables and functions but no way to encapsulate an object with its own set of variables and functions. So various groups started to try and implement something like this, sometimes in code libraries, sometimes in new languages. My aforementioned Objective-C was one take on this, which is both why it has “object” in its name and also why it’s a supserset and reverse compatible with C. Another take was C++ which started out its life as “C with Classes”, and this is the one that really took hold in the cross platform application and game development communities. It’s not a complete superset of C (it’s possible to write C code that wouldn’t compile as C++ code, which is why there’s different extensions for .c and .cpp files)

In any event, it was interesting to see how id adapted to this. Most of their use of classes made logical sense and it was neat to see the evolution of it after messing with id Tech engines one at a time for about a year now. However it also meant that some of the tried and true “search for this function name” stuff that had semi-reliably worked for a while now no longer worked because the restructuring renamed things.

So once I figured out how to put basic movement in place and wire up the FIRE and JUMP buttons, I had it load up the regular game, right from the opening in-engine cutscene. And immediately I noticed problems.

The very first time you can control your character you’re on this dock thing and you need to climb some stairs and walk across a bridge to get to the indoor part of the game, except you can’t see the staircase.

And if you look at the ship it turns into this brown polygon.

Assuming you make it across the bridge in the near total darkness you get to a segment where a guy gives you your PDA, except it’s in near pitch black darkness too.

And the Martian surface is basically total darkness as well. Indoor segments mostly looked OK, although unless the lighting contractors do Broadway shows on the side, some of the lighting in there is ate up as well.

Thinking perhaps what I was experiencing was some of the “known issues” part of the d3wasm project, I fired up that version through a web browser and… nope, looks perfect there.

So then I tried it on Apple TV and noticed a couple of interesting things. First, the game ran poorly. Whereas the game is a near-constant 60fps on my iPhone X, it was averaging about 12fps on the Apple TV (4th generation, not the 5th generation “Apple TV 4K”, not that I’m sure that would make much of a difference). But the other interesting thing was: the graphic glitches didn’t occur on the Apple TV. I could see the staircase fine, I could see the dude giving me the PDA fine, the spotlight issue wasn’t on the floor, and I could see the surface of Mars. It did randomly crash at some point after everything went to hell in the game’s plot but the fact that the graphic issues weren’t there on a device years older than my phone was curious.

Doom Eternal Map Editor

Something I’ve taken for granted up to this point is that modern device can run these old engines without breaking a sweat. Of course the $1,000 2017 iPhone can run the game engine designed for a 1999 PC. Even the 2001 game Return to Castle Wolfenstein was more or less running on the 1999 Quake III: Arena engine, and until DOOM 3 that was the most recent one. However, id Tech 4 is different.

When it was released in 2004, it had several detail modes. This isn’t new, id games have had this as far back as the original DOOM, what was unusual is that in 2004 the “Ultra Quality” mode could bring just about any machine to its knees. I’m not sure it was possible to build a PC in 2004 that could do that and if you could, it was going to be extremely expensive. I remember years later upgrading my video card and being elated that everything ran better and faster and then I tried DOOM 3 in “Ultra” mode and it still struggled with it.

In any event I’m not completely sure what the auto-detection criteria is but I think it’s possible that the games are running at Ultra quality which means it’s impressive that the iPhone can run them at 60fps and fit in your pocket, but it makes sense that the less beefy Apple TV would struggle with it.

I tried running it on my iPad Air 1 and it not only wouldn’t even finish loading up a game (ran out of memory for textures, I think) but it also crashed something about Xcode or macOS so hard that only a reboot would fix it, otherwise I couldn’t debug anything else.

I tried an iPad Air 2 and it ran there, and it was a similar deal to the Apple TV – lackluster frame rate, glitch-free visuals. So there was something about the newer iPhone X that caused the visuals to be screwed up that didn’t exist in older hardware.

I did a Beyond Compare with the logs of both the loading up of the iPhone X version and the iPad Air 2 version. And while things like the timings of how long it took to load things are pointless because of the differences in device speed, the one thing that really jumped out at me was that when the engine barks out OpenGL information, on the iPhone X it says this

And on the iPad Air 2 it says this

As a reminder, Metal is the name for Apple’s new 3D graphics API, pretty much their version of Direct3D in that it shines in performance on Apple hardware and is completely proprietary and non-portable, unlike OpenGL/OpenGL ES whose goal is to be portable. Apple has deprecated OpenGL and OpenGL ES and is telling game developers to start new projects on Metal if they can. OpenGL still exists on macOS and OpenGL ES still exists on iOS/tvOS and there’s no timetable for removing them but in all likelihood at some point they will just stop working. Apple is the same company that has changed the processor architecture three times on the Mac and cut off all 32-bit apps on iOS so they’re not afraid to say “fuck the past”, for better or worse.

All of that is to say that “OpenGL ES 2.0 Metal” makes about as much sense as “Jumbo Shrimp” in so far as those are the total opposite of each other. But my guess was – on the iPhone X, on iOS 12 (possibly earlier), OpenGL ES runs on top of Metal, possibly through an emulation layer. That might be one way to ensure that OpenGL ES games continue to run after OpenGL ES is removed from iOS. Possibly this is the reason it runs so well. However, it’s odd that even though both Apple TV and the iPad Air 2 are capable of running Metal, the same thing doesn’t exist for them. I posted the question on Stack Overflow and it was confirmed by someone there – OpenGL ES does run on top of Metal on the iPhone X and there’s no way around it.

So on a lark I wrote to the author of d3wasm and asked, since he had rewritten the entire renderer of DOOM 3 and I had only pasted in some files, did he have any advice on where I should start looking. He wrote me back and suggested a few things, like turning off lighting passes, tweaking a few console variables, etc. I did and while none of those presented clear solutions, I nevertheless started to understand a bit better how the rendering engine worked and how I could narrow down where the issue is occurring.

I had noticed a value calculated differently between the two devices, but consistent per-device, and I started to write a long email to the d3wasm author on what all I had tried and if he knew how this value was calculated when I had a rubber duck moment and realized the one thing I hadn’t tried to search for when looking up information on Stack Overflow and found this question on why WebGL GLSL scripts weren’t working on iOS when running through a Metal device like iPhone X – apparently there’s this line in GLSL scripts that specifies the floating point precision to be used in calculations. d3wasm, as well as the project mentioned in the question, specify low or medium precision, but for them to work in the Metal layer they have to be high precision.

Once I changed the precision to high, everything worked great and correctly on the iPhone X. Especially once I got the native resolution running as well.

I was elated. And in playing through some more, I came to realize that the places where I thought everything was working were not working as well as I had thought.

Note that as of right now I haven’t gone in and done the tweaking necessary to make the game dial down its detail level in order to run on the Apple TV at a framerate matching the iPhone. I will probably add that soon, possibly also adding the ability to change the detail level on the Options screen. All the “fun” of PC gaming now on tvOS.

Most of what came next was both typical and unique. Typical in that I had the usual things – like how I needed to get the physical and virtual controls working, and unique in that I had to wire things up a little differently as well as overcome some new things.

I added a crouch button since not only is crouching possible in this game but it’s required to progress in a few places. But this is the first id Software game I’ve ever done where you have to reload, and so that needed a button as well. Your weapon reloads if you try and fire it while empty but in some heated battles that’s not good enough.

Then there was the PDA. The PDA in DOOM 3 is probably the clearest sign someone played the System Shock games and wanted to emulate that. Early in the game you’re handed your PDA and it’s sort of hilarious since it’s this enormous thick tablet you’re… I guess carrying around? It’s good because it’s a way to add some extra depth to the game without being necessary if you don’t want to bother with it. At various places in the game you run into doors which don’t unlock unless you have the clearance from someone else’s PDA, which you usually find on desks or on corpses. Truth be told it’s probably entirely possible to play through and finish the entire game without ever touching the PDA, but there’s other things in there like lore or emails from people which are everything from story beats to fake spam to codes saying what the combination to some safe is so you can get more gear, ammo, etc. Truth be told it’s pretty neat, though the lore parts and their optionality would be in DOOM 2016 as well, just without the need for some literal in-game device.

The thing is when you’re in the PDA you need to be able to maneuver with a mouse. I’m actually not sure how the console ports handle this, but the way I had the game set up the controller wasn’t handling the mouse pointer, and I’m not sure you’d want to either. I mean you’re on a touchscreen device using a controller to move a cursor on a screen that’s emulating… a touchscreen device. Really ideally I’d have the taps you make on your phone screen just match the PDA’s cursor but I wasn’t able to figure that out in time.

I started to go down figuring out how to emulate the mouse pointer with drags of your finger but then I remembered SDL by default actually maps the mouse to your finger dragging and touching the screen to mouse clicks. It’s the reason I could turn around in the elevator with the grenade and toss the grenade but not actually go anywhere. I had disabled this but re-enabling it when you’re in the PDA was a quick and easy way to get the basic effect I wanted.

Really I re-enabled the dragging part but I disabled the actual mouse “clicks” unless you’re in the PDA since the mouse “clicks” otherwise would be firing your gun in the regular game and maybe you want to fine adjust your viewpoint but not actually fire your weapon. For this to be effective though I reduced the size of the virtual “button” to change your weapon – you can still tap your weapon and switch it but it’s a smaller hit area, and the top part of the screen now no longer goes through them either. I also put an invisible button in the bottom right of the screen to call or dismiss the PDA. When you get something new for your PDA this is the part of the screen that shows an icon so this made sense to me.

This wound up coming in very handy for other in-game screens – at various places you have to interact with touch screens and in the regular PC version of the game this winds up causing you to lower your weapon and now your crosshairs are a mouse pointer. The problem I had there was that you instinctively want to tap once you’ve moved the cursor in place but you’re in the game, not the PDA, so it doesn’t work. And if there’s a foolproof way to do this I couldn’t figure it out but it mostly works. If you find yourself unable to stop firing just open and close the PDA until I figure out how to fix this. But you can also just press the fire button or trigger and do the same thing. A lot of the screens are basically “eye level” so you don’t really need to tilt up or down to use them but sometimes you do.

The flashlight I went so far as to repurpose what was the F1 button in Quake II to be an actual flashlight icon. The flashlight is a regular weapon you can get to by scrolling the mouse wheel but you frequently need to switch right to it or right back so they implemented a button for that – I mapped it to the flashlight icon and on a MFi controller, it’s the left trigger. It still has the “can’t have both at the same time” issue like before but it’s at least sort of intuitive with this quick switch icon/button.

Most of the rest of the work was just on the cosmetics – like menus, colors icons, etc. Since this isn’t a Quake game the Quake font is pretty much out, so instead I used this font commonly associated with the Diablo games. It may seem weird to use that font but it’s what they used on marketing materials and the making of book

The last cosmetic thing was pretty much the icons. One of the things I’ve liked about making these ports of the DOOM games is that the “DOOM” logo, with the whole angled letters and so forth, pretty much never changes. It changes appearance but it’s pretty much the same basic shape, so you can make the logos to where each one just takes over the position of the other.

However for the iPhone icons I had made the DOOM logo take up as much of the icon as possible, but since they did the “3” in DOOM 3 as a superscript number (like the Alien 3 logo, I guess?) this means the “DOOM” part of that icon would be smaller and wouldn’t match the other icons. And I’m an OCD weirdo so that bothered me.

So I went to the trouble of making the other DOOM app logos have the same sized “DOOM” logo on them. I originally made each of the logos centered but the “3” off to one side and just negative space on the left just looked dumb so I just offset the DOOM 3 logos. I had also added this kinda cool background to the expansion pack icon and the regular icon looked kinda bland with just a black background so I added a stock photo of Mars to it. But now I see the cool background of the expansion pack icon is barely noticeable but whatever I’ve already spent too much time on this

Japamala prayer in malayalam audio download. Auto tune efx torrent. We’re a happy family

So anyway, this project went so quickly and the resulting game is so relatively involved that I feel like I’m forgetting something, so I don’t know, maybe watch this space for updates. I even had most of this article written a few weeks ago and I probably could have had it done sooner but for some real life responsibilities.

Doom 3 Map Editor

I only have a video of the iPhone version for now because I want to get the performance on Apple TV better before capturing that.

If anyone wants to contact me I can be reached at [email protected].

Eureka DOOM Editor | HomePage

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loadinggas47 · 3 years

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Best 10 Apps for Wallpapers Turn your phone screen into a work of art! Very good Helpful for urgent people Loading One of the readers of this site named Sophia Thomas has been kind enough to share many Malayalam prayers. Unlimited pageviews both app and developer details Recent install count per app last 30 days Detailed ranking data per app Recent install count per developer last 30 days Full timeline per developer Device market shares data per country 1 Month.

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Japamala Malayalam App

Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Turn your phone screen into a work of art! Its now available on google pla Loading Free VPN proxy secures your sensitive data with cutting-edge encryption technology, malaywlam hides your IP address so no malicious hacker can track your Internet activity!

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Holy Rosary (Malayalam) പരിശുദ്ധ ദൈവമാതാവിന്റെ ജപമാല

Public WiFi Hotspot and Mobile networks can no longer be a compromised ground mwlayalam your privacy and digital security. The most important purpose of using VPN proxy is to protect your privacy.

All the prayers are in audio is welcomes. If you are like me that want to save big bucks, let the Ads sponsor your fast and free VPN proxy service. Turn on Free VPN proxy to bring yourself back to the secured realm. Aadiyileppole ippozhum eppozhum mapayalam. Chacko Chackochan Vadakkethalackal mcbs Ordination of Dn.

byAby Mathew

Google Play Rating history and histogram

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Japamala Malayalam Prayer Pdf

Developer information

Vettiyankal H, Palambra PO, Pattimattom, Kanjirapally, Kottayam, Kerala, India. PIN:686518

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Description

The Holy Rosary Audio on the go,in Malayalam..!! Now user can suggest pilgrim centers directly from the app. Suvishesha petti widget are now available. App will automatically select day and mysteries. Two Rosary type:- 53 beads rosary 203 beads rosary(full rosary) Joyful (mon - sat) Sorrowful (tue - fri) Luminous (thu) Glorious (sun - wed) Litany Volume up and down keys to count each beads. Or '+' button to count each beads. Prayers Added ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ Karunayude Japamala Audio. ¤ St.Alphonsa Prayer. ¤ St.Joseph Prayer. ¤ St.Jude Prayer. ¤ Karunayude Japamala Text. ¤ Infant Jesus Prayer. ¤ Kurishinte Vazhi (Way Of Cross in malayalam) ¤ Suvishesha Petty. ¤ Novena Prayers (prarthana) Permissions are for: ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ Photos/Media/Files : To load and use the rosary images and audio files. Wi-Fi connection information : To check internet connection. Wallpaper images are fetched online. Device ID & call information : To pause playing audio while an incoming call arrives. Recent changes: Added May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

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Malayalam Rosary Pdf

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Catholic Prayers In Malayalam

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loadinggas47 · 3 years

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Dropbox Package

How to download and install the Dropbox desktop app

Downloading Dropbox. Your Dropbox download should automatically start within seconds. Once the download finishes, click Run to start installing Dropbox.

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Get help with Dropbox plans and upgrades. Learn how to upgrade a free Dropbox Basic account to Plus or Professional, add more licenses, and more.

Once installed, you’ll be prompted to either sign in or create a new account.

How to install the desktop app with admin privileges

The Dropbox desktop app requires admin privileges to run with full functionality on your computer. This enables multiple different core features of Dropbox, including:

Sync icons that show the sync status of files and folders

Right-click context menus for taking quick actions in Dropbox

Access to Smart Sync

For the vast majority of users, the desktop app is automatically installed with admin privileges. However, if you didn't install with admin privileges you can follow the instructions below to do so.

Note: If you don't have admin rights on your computer (for example if you're using a work computer), you may need to ask your IT department for help.

Install the Dropbox desktop app with admin privileges

If you already have Dropbox installed, uninstall the application.

Open the installer.

Do not right-click, and do not command-click Run as an Administrator

Follow the instructions in the install wizard.

If you’re asked for an administrative username and password, enter them or contact your administrator to sign in.

If you’re not asked for an administrative username and password, you’re already an admin on your computer.

Complete the installation and sign in to Dropbox.

Smart Sync and admin privileges

Some Dropbox users will have access to Smart Sync. If you have access to this feature, check that Dropbox is installed with admin privileges on each computer where the feature will be used.

Depending on the policies at your organization, your team members may be able to install Dropbox with admin privileges on their own. If not, they may need the assistance of your IT team.

Why does the Dropbox desktop app for Mac require Keychain access?

Keychain is a password management system for Mac. Dropbox requires access to your Keychain to help verify your account and to provide another layer of security over the Dropbox app preferences.

To grant Keychain access to Dropbox, click Allow or Always Allow (recommended for seamless access) when prompted to do so from Mac.

Clicking Deny will result in a 'Couldn't start Dropbox' error message. For security reasons, Dropbox will not start without access to your Keychain.

What is the Dropbox Web Helper for macOS?

Dropbox Web Helper supports the Dropbox user interface on Mac computers. It only runs when the desktop app is running. Dropbox Web Helper is an independent process, so it may start and stop at different times than the desktop app. If you adjust your firewall or antivirus software for Dropbox, we recommend similar adjustments for Dropbox Web Helper.

Quick Start Videos

Quick Overview Video (2:30) Full Standard Migration (24:00) Quick Overwrite Migration (6:00)

Create Backups

Back up Site (create package)

Click 'Duplicator/Pro' ❯ 'Packages' ❯ 'Create New'

Enter a package name

Check 'Default' storage endpoint ❯ click 'Next'

Let the scanner run and click 'Build'

The package files are now ready for installation. By default all files in your WordPress root directory will be archived as well as a copy of your Database. You have the option to filter directories, files and database tables when creating the package.

Watch Step-By-Step Video

Back up to the Cloud Pro Only

The following describes how to back up to Dropbox. The procedures for S3, Google Drive, and OneDrive are very similiar.

1. Link Dropbox to Duplicator Pro

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ 'Storage' ❯ 'Add New'

Enter storage name ❯ select 'Dropbox' type

Click 'Connect to Dropbox' ❯ click 'Authorize Dropbox'

Click 'Allow' & close authorization tab

Click 'Finalize Setup' on the storage screen

A successful connection to Dropbox status will now show. This is a one time process.

2. Create Instant Package

Now build and upload a package to your Dropbox account.

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ 'Packages' ❯ 'Create New'

Enter a package name

Check 'DropBox' storage endpoint ❯ click 'Next'

Let the scanner run and click 'Build'

At this point the package files will be automatically uploaded to Dropbox. You can then use the files to Install a Site. This process can also easily be replicated with Google Drive .

Back up with a Schedule Pro Only

1. Create Template

A template is a reusable package configuration that can be used in instant or scheduled package creation

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ Tools ❯ 'Templates' ❯ 'Add New'

Enter a template name & specifications ❯ click 'Save'

2. Create Schedule

A schedule generates a package at a given frequency for easy automation

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ 'Schedules' ❯ 'Add New'

Enter schedule name, template, storage location(s) and frequency ❯ click 'Save'

3. Test Schedule

To verify proper schedule operation

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ 'Schedules' ❯ 'Run Now' on the desired schedule

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ 'Packages' ❯ menu to view running package build

Wait for the package to complete building

4. Database Only (Optional)

Schedule a backup of only the Database

Click 'Duplicator Pro' ❯ Tools ❯ 'Templates' ❯ edit template assigned to schedule

Open 'Archive Section' ❯ check the 'Enable File Filter' checkbox

On the right side look for a link that says '(root path)' and click it

This will be the root path of your site excluding all files

Click 'Save Template' and follow Step 3 above to validate.

Install/Migrate

Classic Site Install

The following describes how to restore a site in the same or new location using a Duplicator package (installer/archive). It's assumed you've created a package as described in the 'Back up Site' section above and plan to install all files and the database contained in the package. * Items in green apply only to Duplicator Pro users.

Follow Along Step-By-Step(starting @ 8:00 of 24:57)

1. Download package files to local computer

Dropbox Package Manager

After creating a package download the installer and archive files from any one of the locations below to your local computer:

Default: Click on the 'Installer' and 'Archive' buttons from the main packages screen to download.

Dropbox*: Go to dropbox.com or use Dropbox client on your PC/MAC.

Google Drive*: Go to drive.google.com or use Google client on your PC/MAC.

Amazon S3*: Go to your Amazon AWS account

FTP: This option is the least common and should only be used if your having issues with the 'Default' option. FTP ❯ website root directory ❯ open 'wp-snapshots' folder ❯ find matching (hash-code)_installer.php with (hash-code)_archive.zip and download. Note: With the FTP option you will need to rename the installer file from (hash-code)_installer.php to just 'installer.php'. The hash-code is simply a random series of number and letters to provide security on the file so it can't be downloaded by a random user.

2. Upload package files to target location

Place the installer.php and archive.zip files in a directory where you would like to install/duplicate the WordPress site.

ON A HOSTED SITE INSTALLING IN AN EMPTY DIRECTORY (LITE AND PRO) Use FTP or cPanel to upload both the archive.zip and installer.php to your host provider. Place the files in a new empty directory under your host's webroot where they are accessible from a valid url such as http://your-domain/installer.php or http://your-domain/your-wp-directory/installer.php. On some hosts the root directory will be a something like public_html -or- www. If you're not sure what your root directory is then contact your hosting provider. Important: Since the archive contains site customizations as well as core WordPress, WordPress shouldn't be in the directory beforehand. The only files in the directory should be the installer.php and archive before you run the installer. OVERWRITING EXISTING SITE (PRO ONLY) Duplicator Pro is capable of much faster installs when it's used to overwrite an existing site and reuses that site's database. Use FTP or cPanel to upload both the archive.zip and installer.php to your host provider (place the installer.php and archive.php in the directory containing the existing site). The installer should be accessible from a valid url such as http://(existing-site-domain)/installer.php or http://(existing site-domain)/(your-wp-directory)/installer.php. On some hosts the root directory will be a something like public_html -or- www. If you're not sure what your root directory is then contact your hosting provider. If you haven't chosen a hosting provider yet please see host recommendations.

ON YOUR OWN COMPUTER (localhost) Be sure you have PHP, Apache & MySQL installed on your local computer with software such as XAMPP, Instant WordPress or MAMP for MAC. Place the package.zip and installer.php into any empty directory under your webroot or where they can be served up by your local webserver then continue with Step 3 below.

3. Browse to installer.php and install

Open a web browser (i.e Chrome, Firefox, IE) and browse to the 'installer.php' file such as: http(s)://your-domain/installer.php or http(s)://your-domain/your-wp-directory/installer.php.

On Step 1 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 2 ❯ Enter database setup info ❯ test connection ❯ click next

The vast majority of sitations require the 'server' field to be set to 'localhost'. If installing in an empty directory: On database setup enter information for an existing empty database with no tables and a user with full rights to that database. You can easily ' Create A New Database and User' or contact your host to have them set those up for you. If you're not sure what information to use, just contact your host. If overwriting an existing site (Pro only): When prompted to reuse database credentials on step 2, click Accept. This causes the database information from your existing site to be used in the install. Important: The database will be cleared so make sure you no longer need its data. If you need to preserve the old database then create a new one instead as explained here.

The Action 'Connect and Remove All Data' will delete all tables to the database you connect to. Be sure you're 100% of the sure of credentials used when choosing this action. For Duplicator Pro users consider using the 'Connect and Back up any Existing Data' action if you're new to this process. This will back up all the existing tables with a new prefix.

On Step 3 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 4 ❯ Login remove installer files

Your site has been migrated

Drag & Drop Site Overwrite Pro Only

In addition to the 'Classic' site installs, Duplicator Pro includes Drag and Drop site overwrite installs. This is a handy feature for those who want to overwrite an existing WordPress site without the need for FTP or manual database creation. Simply 'Drag' an archive from your PC desktop to the destination site's WordPress admin to overwrite the site.

See Drag and Drop Installs with Duplicator Pro for step-by-step instructions.

Database Install

The following details how to back up only the database from 'Site A' and deploy it to 'Site B'. Please note these steps will only move the database, so if your files are not in sync with the Database you will have issues. Please use the approach with caution and be sure that your files are not out of sync with the database.

1. Create New DB Only Package

Goto Duplicator ❯ Packages ❯ click 'Create New' button

On Step 1 Setup ❯ Archive ❯ check 'Archive Only the Database'

Build package then download installer and archive files

2. Transfer installer and archive to target location

Transfer installer and archive to target location

Open web browser and browse to http://yoursite.com/installer.php

3. Run Installer

Installer should have 'Database Only Mode' in upper right corner.

On Step 1 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 2 ❯ Enter database setup info ❯ test connection ❯ click next

For the database setup enter in information on an empty database. You can easily create a new one or simply contact your hosting provider to have them set it up for you and have them give you the setup info. Some hosting providers have specific instructions for connecting to their databases, so be sure ask them what to use.

On Step 3 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 4 ❯ Login remove installer files

Only the database will be updated

Database & File Synchronization: How do I know if my files and database are in sync? There is no real clear answer to this question however there are some general rules you can consider. Typically the file system is only updated when you do the following actions:

Add a new image/video/file to a page/post or media content

Install a new plugin or theme

Update a plugin setting that writes to files like the .htaccess file (i.e. security plugins)

So if any of these actions have been performed then its likely that WordPress wrote to both your file-system and database. For example say you both have 'Site A' and 'Site B' where 'Site B' is a mirror copy of 'Site A'. You then install a new plugin on 'Site A' and create a Database only archive and try to move it over to 'Site B' using the 'Database Only Install' option. In this scenario the files on 'Site B' are not in sync with the database created on 'Site A', because 'Site B' does not have the plugin files. So if you try to install the 'Site A' database onto 'Site B' you may run into issues because 'Site B' did not get the plugin files that 'Site A' just installed. In many cases you can simply install the plugin on 'Site B' and things will be in working order. However if you do allot of changes on 'Site A' then it is recommend to go ahead and also update those files onto 'Site B'.

Two-Part Install

The following procedure was developed for use tightly restricted hosts that prevent a zip archive from getting created. Note that this operation is valid for both Duplicator and Duplicator Pro but is usually not needed in Pro due to its support of the 'DupArchive' format. DupArchive was specifically designed to get around limitations imposed by hosts related to zip.

PART 1: Manually copy WordPress files

These steps show how to manually copy from source site to destination. cPanel (Faster)

Select all files, right click, select 'Compress', choose zip and set name to mysite.zip.

Download mysite.zip to your local computer

Upload mysite.zip to the new location*

Extract mysite.zip and remove the mysite.zip file

FTP

Copy the files from the source site to your computer*

Copy files from your computer up to the destination site*

*Website directories will likely be public_html, or public_html/sitename. If unsure about where site files are located talk to your host support.

PART 2: Copy the database with Duplicator

After you have all the files uploaded correctly to your new location you will then run all these steps to copy over the database. 1. Create New DB Only Package

Goto Duplicator ❯ Packages ❯ click 'Create New' button

On Step 1 Setup ❯ Archive ❯ check 'Archive Only the Database'

Build package then download installer and archive files

2. Transfer installer and archive to target location

Transfer installer and archive to target location

If a wp-config.php file exists in this location remove or rename it.

Open web browser and browse to http://yoursite.com/installer.php

3. Run Installer

Package Drop Box

Installer should have 'Database Only Mode' in upper right corner.

On Step 1 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 2 ❯ Enter database setup info ❯ test connection ❯ click next

On Step 3 ❯ Click the next button

On Step 4 ❯ Login remove installer files

Only the database will be updated

After all steps are complete your site should be fully migrated. These two parts together allow you to move your WordPress site in a two stage process.

Also see: Recommended hosting providers for Duplicator?

EXTRA RESOURCES:

Drop Off Packages Ups Store

* Feature only available in Duplicator Pro

Amazon Package Dropbox

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loadinggas47 · 3 years

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Adobe Xd Landing Page Template

INine UI Kits Landing Pages & Web design Adobe XD Template is a clean and unique design so far using the latest trendy material design for user interface, web design, user interface, basic elements, brands, color, corners, widget, widgets, clients, brand, flat web kit, forms, modern, pack, price tables, professional, scrollbars, shapes, ui, user interface, web, web elements, web interface, website template. Design School Landing Page Template With Adobe XD. This Adobe XD template that’s ready to be use for a design school landing website page might come in handy in the near future. Great work by Farid Shukurov! A landing for design school that offers three courses: Interior, Fashion and Graphic.

Adobe Xd Design System Template

Adobe Xd Template Ios

Download Template Adobe Xd

Adobe Xd Landing Page Template

Landing Page Templates for Adobe XD Elegant and clean landing page templates for any kind of your next projects. Features: 40+ beautiful screens; Easy scaling & editing; Modern & clean look; Multipurpose elements; Available for Adobe XD; Categories: Landing Pages; Types: Adobe XD; Author: Tikeshwar Dewangan; Added: October 9, 2020. Jan 14, 2021 DESCRIPTION: iNine UI Kits Landing Pages & Web design Adobe XD Template is a clean and unique design so far using the latest trendy material design for user interface, web design, user interface, basic elements, brands, color, corners, widget, widgets, clients, brand, flat web kit, forms, modern, pack, price tables, professional, scrollbars, shapes, ui, user interface, web, web elements, web interface, website template.

Adobe XD is one of the most used free tools for UI/UX design and prototyping in the mobile design world. So in this post we`ve handpicked 40 Free Adobe XD UI Kits For Web & Mobile which may come handy.

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It is a Free UI Kit for Adobe XD to design social experiences with travelers on your trips.

This is a free iOS UI Kit made for Adobe XD. It includes more than 80 screens organized in 6 categories and designed with a unique style to set yourself apart. Speed up your design workflow and customize it as much as you want with Adobe XD.

A free UI Kit for Adobe XD to design experiences for the road. Includes more than 60 customizable screens across six different user flows. This UI kit is free to use for both personal and commercial

The UI is very clean. I also love the animations and the presentation!

It is a Bauhaus Inspired UI Kit for Adobe XD that focuses on editorial design.

A web template designed for educational institutes to use them to develop their own website this freebie is designed in Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Experience Design.

Created Free Dashboard UI Kit with the latest design trend which has a lot of screens and ui components. You can find many of the screens like Login, Saved Dashboard, Dashboard Homepage, User Activities, Manage User, Admin, Create Dashboard and Product tour etc.

This is a very interesting collection of widgets and cool looking UI elements which you can use in your web projects.

UI Kit with variety of UI elements. Perfect for building blogging/social media websites, well suited for any other kind of web interfaces. Free for Adobe XD community

A FREE and comprehensive UI Kit for smartwatch designs, made with and for Adobe XD. The UI kit comes with more than 20 customizable components and more than 30 customizable icons, all organized into six different prototype flows.

This is free to use for both personal and commercial projects.

UX Prototyping with Adobe XD has never been easier. Combine over 200 responsive web elements together and build your website design prototypes within minutes.

Bright and friendly e-commerce prototype free to download and free to use for commercial and creative purposes.

Get a head start building your next data visualization project with our free, comprehensive, and fully customizable Dashboard UI Kit designed exclusively for Adobe XD.

Concept for messanger in which you can also have real time conversations to get things done quickly and efficiently!

This is a free UI kit that contains 22 well organized and layered app screen designs, covering all the main user flows. All main UI elements are separated on to one ‘Components’ artboard, so any element could be directly grabbed from there and be added to your design project.

The main purpose of Wireframes is to communicate your ideas to the Stakeholders involved in the Design process. You can communicate well with this wireframes designed in Adobe XD.

This UI kit is built to help users create fashion editorial, as well as designer marketplace, apps, and websites. If you are aiming to create something for a fashion industry audience, check this kit out. This kit lets you save the fashion you love, read the industry insights and information on every piece of garment and accessory, all this with the option to splurge on outfits. The color palette is refreshing and classy. This design upgrade can potentially be the next best thing happening to the fashion e-commerce.

Free wireframe kit for creating mobile application and website wireframes and prototypes.

If you find difficulties in creating style guide this template could be helpful !

Free template for Adobe xd. Mobile app for restaurant.

With the MuseApp application, you get easy and quick access to your audio recordings to enjoy your favorite music. Simple interface without unnecessary actions and unnecessary tabs.

The most common and lucrative way to convert your traffic into profits is a well detailed landing page. Landing pages are built only for sole conversion purposes. This is eye-catchy landing pages for you to better understanding it’s purpose, usability and of course for your practice.

This UI kits is great when you need to quickly mockup blog interface.

Design voice first with Adobe’s free UI kit for Amazon Alexa.

A fantastic UI Kit by Dmitry Kuzmenkov is here to make your life easier.

Adobe Xd Design System Template

Vault is a free UI Kit for Adobe XD designed with security in mind and created exclusively for Adobe XD in collaboration with Simply Secure.

Are you been annoyed at how to make better product landing page, and looking for ways to keep users staying on your landing page? This free landing page UI kit with colorful components can be very hands on.

This well-designed web UI kit help designers quickly create the visual image and style of their website.

It’s really useful for those who really want to learn how to design UI kit.

FREE UI kit for Adobe XD containing 20+ screens and dozen of useful UI elements.

Adobe Xd Template Ios

A free downloadable interface kit.

It features 15+ mobile screen pages to get you started on your projects. It contains a comprehensive style guide with symbols, colors, fonts, buttons, overlays, repeat grids and many other elements.

A simplistic design, this template is bound to kickstart your inspiration

Download Template Adobe Xd

A very sleek, modern and sophisticated design, it will keep you inspired all year!

The Responsive Resize kit is specifically designed for Adobe XD. The kit has 14 screens, 164 components and is fully customizable.

Shipping-oriented mobile app concept to ship your belongings to places around you or anywhere. A map-based application with it’s clean and modern look. Shippo includes over 30 plus iOS ready core screens designed in vector format.

This is a modern mobile app/XD template. Used free google font. It may use for different variety of Music mobile template for your business purse visual idea for your new project.

This UI Kit was created with the goal of helping non-profits have better websites, and thereby help more people. It’s a highly versatile kit, including a fully prototyped responsive website designed with the best user experiences practices in mind.

Adobe Xd Landing Page Template

ICO landing page template that was created for crypyho currency exchange. The main page consist of 7 blocks and 6 exchange platform pages.

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loadinggas47 · 3 years

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Civ 6 Rise And Fall New Civs

Watch the announcement trailer for the expansion to the award-winning Civilization VI coming to PC on February 8, 2018. SUBSCRIBE for First Looks at new civi. Civilization VI: Rise and Fall sees eight new civilizations and nine new leaders available to choose from - with a variety of new units, districts, buildings, and improvements for players to produce and expand upon as they attempt to conquer the world.

Civ Iv Rise And Fall

Civ Vi Rise And Fall

Sid Meier’s Civilization VI Expansion Bundle, which combines both Rise and Fall and Gathering Storm expansions, takes the turn-based strategy classic to new heights. With 16 new civilizations, 18 new leaders, and major enhancements to gameplay such as Great Ages and an active planet where geology and climatology present unique new challenges, the pursuit of building the greatest empire. In Civilization VI: Rise and Fall, you truly become a leader for the ages. Successful leadership of a civilization can send it into a prosperous Golden Age, but falling behind can usher in a Dark Age. Respond well to the challenges of a Dark Age, and your civilization can rise again into renewal with a Heroic Age. Continue your quest to build your greatest empire with the Civilization VI - New Frontier Pass, featuring eight new civilizations and nine new leaders, and a variety of new gameplay content, including six new game modes. Civilization VI is required to play add-on content and some features of the New Frontier Pass require either the Gathering.

Civilization VI: Rise & Fall builds upon the critically-acclaimed gameplay experience of Civilization VI giving players new choices, strategies, and challenges as they guide a civilization through the ages. It was released on February 8, 2018.

1Features

Features(edit | edit source)

Great ages(edit | edit source)

As your civilization ebbs and flows, and you reach milestone Historic Moments, you will experience Dark Ages or Golden Ages, each providing specific challenges or bonuses based on your actions in-game. Rise triumphantly from a Dark Age, and your next Golden Age will be even stronger – a Heroic Age.

Loyalty(edit | edit source)

Cities now have individual loyalty to your leadership – let it fall too low, and face the potential to lose your city to its own independence. One civilization’s loss can be your gain as you inspire loyalty among Free Cities throughout the map and further expand your borders.

Governors(edit | edit source)

Recruit, appoint, and upgrade powerful characters with unique specialization bonuses and promotion trees to customize your cities, and reinforce loyalty.

Enhanced alliances(edit | edit source)

An enhanced alliances system allows players to form different types of alliances and build bonuses over time.

Emergencies(edit | edit source)

Civ Iv Rise And Fall

When a civilization grows too powerful, other civilizations can join a pact against the threatening civilization and earn rewards, or penalties, when the emergency ends.

Timeline(edit | edit source)

Review your civilization’s history at any time with the new timeline feature, a visual journey through the Historic Moments that you encountered on your path to victory.

New leaders and civs(edit | edit source)

Nine leaders and eight new civilizations are introduced. Each brings unique bonuses and gameplay, as well as a total of eight uniqueunits, two unique buildings, four unique improvements, and two unique districts.

New global content(edit | edit source)

Eight new world wonders, seven natural wonders, four new units, two new tile improvements, two new districts, fourteen new buildings, and three new resources have been added.

Improved gameplay features(edit | edit source)

The government system has been enhanced with new policies and additional improvements have been made to existing systems.