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Chapter 13 Fieldwork: Migration

When you see the word migration...what do you think about? The term migration when referring to humans is defined as the movement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions. When people migrate from one country, state, or continent to another there are countless reasons why a person would choose to do this. When referring to migration things like pulls, a factor or factors that would drive a person towards a region, like more opportunities and political stability, as well as pushes, a factor or factors that drive a person away from where they are to another region like war, poverty and famine. Barriers are factors that make it impossible to either immigrate or assimilate to the new culture. Bridges are factors that make it difficult to assimilate or immigrate to a new culture.

The Interview:

Over the weekend I, Nathaniel Interviewed my Grandmother who will be referred to as Josephine Prophet. Josephine Prophet was born and raised in Haiti. Josephine Prophet's mother was a licensed nurse raising her two daughters and son who were all very close in age (around a year apart each). Haiti had been going through turmoil politically with corrupt leaders and poverty increasing so as a result Josephine's mother had come to the United States alone in search for a better life for her and her children. Josephine's mother would return to Haiti and bring her children with her back to the United States a short while later (the specific time frame is unknown). Josephine and her family arrived in Chicago, Illanios in the 1940's by plane. Josephine was 16 years old at the time. Their entire family had known no English, only French and Creole (which at the time was considered slang and not an official language). Josephine and her siblings learned how to speak English from tv.

"We watched a lot of soap opera's almost everyday and would take a lot of the language from the show and adopt it in our daily lives"

-Josephine Prophet

A few years later Josephine's family would move from Chicago to Brooklyn, New York and to Queens, New York. Josephine had met up with her male friend from Haiti, Henry Baptiste who she would end up falling in love with. They would marry each other in the 1960's and live in Queens, New York together. Segregation and Racism was a new concept to Josephine because Haiti has been independent since 1791, so when Josephine was pregnant with her first child in the late 60's her as well as her husband were worried for their Childs future. After having a family Josephine had to find a way to make money, so she got a job providing care for the elderly. Josephine would continue working this job for 20-25 years and then retire in 1999. She would go on to Henry divorced but together had 6 kids, 3 daughters and 3 sons. Unfortunately Josephine and After all of her children became of age to take care of themselves, Josephine moved to Florida where she will reside for the rest of her life. Josephine is now 81 years old.

Second interview:

For my second interview, I Nathaniel interviewed my Grandfather who will be referred to as Henry Baptiste throughout this interview. Henry Baptiste was born in Haiti with his father and mother. Henry had met a girl named Josephine Prophet who he became very fond with and would remain friends with. When Henry was 25 Josephine Prophet had suggested that he come down to America for a better life, and he agreed almost instantly. Josephine Prophet flew Henry to Brooklyn, New York. Henry had to find a job in order to make money for a place to stay, but he knew no English. He only spoke French and creole. so he began searching and ended up with a job parking cars in Brooklyn, where he would learn English through the people he met while working.

"I did not know any English but when I got the job parking cars in the city, I began picking up the language from the people I would interact with"

-Henry Baptiste

Henry would go on to work odd jobs but he had a dream of starting his own business in Haiti. Henry would plan building his business while working. After a few years Henry and Josephine Prophet would fall in love with each other and they would get married. After moving in with Josephine he saved all of his money and spend the first Haitian nightclub and later on he would open the largest Haitian nightclub. For another 20 years Henry gained revenue from the nightclubs. Unfortunately Henry and Josephine got a divorce, and he would go on to moving in on his own. When Henry turned 43 he returned to Haiti to chase his dream of starting his Haitian business. A few years after returning to Haiti Henry established the first Haitian airlines to go directly from Haiti to the United States. In 2014 Henry ran for Presidency in Haiti, unfortunately lost his campaign. Due to the state of politics in Haiti Henry did not run again. The politics in Haiti he also had to close his airlines and he retired. He would then move back to his house in Miami where he resides now. He is now 77 years old.

My Analysis:

My takeaway from this story about Josephine Prophet and Henry Baptiste is that every immigrant has their own experiences within the nation that they were raised in that lead to reasons as to why they would leave this land go to another. Hearing both stories made me grow an appreciation for the United States a little bit more, because it is in much better condition than other countries.

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In the first article, it illustrates Karl Marx’s ideas completely starting from his theory’s and his life. It goes very into depth regarding his theory of social class. This article also goes over how Marxism is being used today as well as in the past, this article makes great points and leaves the reader questioning if marxism would be efficient if it were used in different aspects of life.

The Second article about Webers theory of social class takes a more modern day approach to his theory of social class, to help the readers better understand his theory. The articles main point is “what would happen if Max Weber made a return in 2021”. This article goes over some of Webers life and similar to the previous article shows us how Weber’s theory may actually be effective in certain aspects of life and in others it would not be.

In the third article about Bourdieu’s theory on social class, this article is also taking a different approach while addressing this theory. The thesis is “If students go to college virtually who would be more efficient in the world after, according to the theory they follow”. This article goes over every aspect of going to college virtually and how Bourdieu’s theory ties into the efficiency of the degree and times spent in college.

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1. How do you feel about marriage?

2. Is pologamy an option?

3. What age is appropriate for Marriage?

4.

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Chapter 6: Ethnicity and Nationalism

My family on both sides stem from Haiti. My Grandmother and Grandfather were born and raised in Haiti when my Grandmother was about 30 years old she came to Haiti and gave birth to my Mother in Queens, New York. My Father was born of parents also born and raised in Haiti but, he lived in Haiti until he was about 23 and that’s when he came to America (New York specifically) and met my Mother at college. My mother who is an American citizen went to college in New York, and my father who spent 23 years in Haiti and came to America to peruse a better life met in college and fell for each other. My Father is now 59 so he’s been in America for 36 years and my Mother has been here her entire life. My Father and Mother have fully assimilated to American culture and nationalism because of living here, although they both hold on to small parts of Haitian culture like meals, medicine, dances, music, tools and my Father still has an accent. Another part of culture they hold on to us both my parents speak fluent creole (the native language of Haiti). My Father did say that a lot of things are very different in America then Haiti like in Haiti they own things that they buy or build, for example if a house is built in America there is property taxes and possibly a mortgage, if you build a home in Haiti it is yours with no extra fees. Other things like going up the street for food, Access to clean water, laws, family dynamic and especially the things society values in America. My Grandfather is the founder of the first airlines that goes from Haiti to America and also ran for President of Haiti, he no longer has a lot of his earnings because moving to America and living in America is expensive. Overall adjusting and adapting to American culture is a process but it eventually happens when you move from one country to another.

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Race and Racism

1. Phenotypes

Race is a social construct that has become apart of society seamlessly. Race is known worldwide and is so renown it effects our every day lives, without people even realizing sometimes. What society has thought to be “genetic” or “backed with science” has now been proven to be otherwise.

Growing up in such a diverse world where there are people of many different ethnic cultures, communities, and colors it is easy to label someone based off of their color or “race”. Throughout the years studies have shown that people are classified into a certain racial category based off of things called phenotypes. Phenotypes are physical characteristics that a person has like: eye color, skin color, hair color, nose shape, height, etc. phenotypes have been the way people categorize others for years now, leading to certain stereotypes, racism and overall judgement of people especially in the United States of America. Some popular or well known phenotypes would be curly hair on colored people, larger Noses on black people, freckles on white people, etc. In retrospect it is not right to judge someone’s ethnicity or heritage based on their appearance. The image above shows different skin tones, representing phenotypes.

2. Institutional Racism

Racism is the process by which systems and policies, actions and attitudes create inequitable opportunities and outcomes for people based on race. According to

Although American culture loves to put things in black and what to make it seem like ages ago the civil rights movement ended only 55 years ago in 1968, and before that segregation only became illegal 59 years ago in 1964, and before that in 1865 the emancipation proclamation “made slavery illegal”, although it still persisted after that. These are all examples of Systematic Racism also known as Institutional Racism . Institutional racism is when acts of racism are carried out legally through the laws and regulations of society in things like the criminal justice system, the education system, employment, housing, health care, etc. In todays present America it is illegal to have things separating one group from another blatantly but, racism is still embedded in society secretly through racist judges, teachers, managers, etc. In the image above things called Jim Crow laws made it illegal for blacks and whites to integrate in restaurants, bathrooms, movie theaters and like the image above even water fountains.

3. Hypodescent

4. Hypodescent is when a biracial person is more minority racial then majority biologically. The image above referenced “the one-drop rule” from 1911 in Arkansas, which my source states ,”it made interracial “cohabitation” a felony, and it defined as “Negro” anyone “who has…any negro blood whatever,” thus relegating to second-class citizenship anyone accused of having any African ancestry.”

5. White Privilege

White Privilege is an unearned advantage based on race, that can be observed both systematically and individually. In the image above a white teacher is favoring the white students in his classroom over the students of color and as a result of that bias, that the white students receive better grades and pass, while the students of color fail. In the real world people of color will be turned down from jobs because of their skin color and many other things in life they’ll have a clear disadvantage in because of their race.

6. Miscegenation

Miscegenation is an intimate relationship between two people of different racial groups. The image above is an example of this because it represents two people who love each other for each other and look past the barrier of race that divides a lot of society. In todays society it is more accepted, but during the days of segregation interracial marriage or even interracial relationships were illegal. It wasn’t until 1967 that interracial marriage became legal in the United States.

7. Microaggressions

Microaggressions are verbal derogatory terms used to discriminate against a group of marginalized people. These terms are usually hostile and can be unintentional or intentional. An example of this would be saying “I’m not racist, I have black friends”. The person saying this probably is not aware of the harm they are doing in saying this. Saying this is in other words implying they cannot be racist or they are not racist because they are around people of color or because they know people of color, which is not true to any extent, and in saying this they are almost minimizing the reality of being racist.

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I do agree with our groups order with Do Not Harm at the top, then obtain informed consent and necessary permissions, next it would be maintain respectful and ethical relationships. I partially agree because this was identical to my original list and the other reason I agree is because do not harm should be the top of the list 100% because when doing research that should be a goal, and then also because it makes sense ethically to me as well as morally.

No my ideas did not change I originally had this same list as my list. I disagree with what they did to Henrietta Lacks because she did not deserve to be harmed and she deserved some consent to use her cells for research.

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The Culture of Consumerism

Needs In my room there is a collection of things that I own that can be categorized into wants or needs. In my room I have things like my mini fridge, microwave, and groceries. The mini fridge allows me to have cold foods and the microwave allows for me to heat up and make quick warm meals. My groceries is also a necessity because having food in my room is good other than the cafeteria food. Brita water bottle to always have half a gallon of purified water with me around campus and in class. My alarm clock comes with a bed shaker because I am a very deep sleeper and I do not wake up to just noise from the iPhone. My book bag allows me to carry anything I need throughout the school day. My ceraVe facial wash, old spice body wash, vaseline lotion, old spice deodorant, polo cologne, shampoo, hair oil, hair brush, tooth brush, razor and tooth paste are all needs in the sense of having personal hygiene products, being clean is a necessity for me. As far as clothing my 50 shirts is enough to cover me for multiple days and weeks, through multiple seasons although I consider the amount a want, because realistically I probably only need about 7-10 shirts (one per day in a week). The same goes for my shoes (7) and my pants (20). As far as my electronics go (MacBook, Television and iPhone), My MacBook is only a want because I could've went with a cheaper laptop for school even though this is the core of all my work as well as entertainment. The same with my phone it contains all my contacts, work, entertainment, etc. but I could've gone with a much cheaper option, making it a want rather than a need.

Wants As far as my wants go many of these things weren't purchased off of an ad or through social media. A lot of it was through just seeing it in the store or through common consumer culture like my mirror, blender, carpet, JBL speaker, Television, multiple pairs of shoes, etc. These are just a few of many things many people commonly own but are not necessities. Many of my origin of desires are blank either because of it being a gift or because there was no real origin of desire, meaning I saw it in the store and figured it'll be a good purchase. What I Learned I learned that a lot of the things in my possession currently are actually needs and not wants (majority of my things are needs). This is good information for me I would rather it be that way so that everything I buy has a purpose and that its being used for that purpose.

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This shows increasing migration as well as increasing reproduction.

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