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Wayfinding Research

By: Sruthi, Lina, Rachan & Komal

What typical elements does a wayfinding system consist of?

Landmarks

Landmarks are visual entities that are perceived as physical objects in space. These objects are stored in memory as a structure that is based on locations in space and they help in developing route knowledge. The spatial representation of landmarks is encoded preferentially according to their navigational ability. For example, if someone wants to reach a person who lives within Mirdif one of the possible landmarks used to direct others would be Mirdif Mall or Uptown Mirdif School.

Icons and Symbols

Icons are simple images used in context to communicate something. They are easily recognizable and easy to remember. They represent the actual object, place or activity itself. Symbols are more abstract. Symbols are arbitrarily assigned to an object/concept and socially accepted. They are learnt through experiences. For example, the yin yang symbol. Everyone knows the symbol and what it means yet the symbol doesn’t actually represent the meaning in a straightforward manner. When using navigation systems like GPS on your car or a traditional map, icons and symbols serve to provide additional information to the users. They may provide information about other facilities that the users may want. For example, certain GPS in cars use icons to inform drivers about parking spaces or upcoming petrol pumps. Other wayfinding systems use icons and symbols to identify prayer rooms, smoking rooms or washrooms. 

Typography

Wayfinding signage calls for sans serif. Sans serif fonts like Helvetica, Verdana, Futura, … are top of the line when it comes to wayfinding signage because they are the easiest to read at a glance. Furthermore, the language used is also important. You can’t have only Arabic or only English type inside Burj Khalifa as it is a well-known tourist spot. Most wayfinding systems come in at least 2 languages.

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Wayfinding System

Leen Kahaleh - 63831

Introduction and background information

Wayfinding can be defined as spatial problem solving. It is knowing where you are in a building or an environment, knowing where your desired location is, and knowing how to get there from your present location. When designing a wayfinding system, designers have to put in mind several aspects concerning the design. Element like typography, color, and material has to be carefully studied and design to suite the surrounding environment. 

The information that will be displayed throughout the wayfinding system follows a specific hierarchical systems that make the experience of the targeted audience more positive. Also, the designer have to be aware or the architecture and environment that the wayfinding system will be applied so for example, the position of the signs, how high or low they are compared to the viewer eye level. 

Elements that wayfinding includes 

Wayfinding systems have essential elements that create the visuals and the information that has to be communicated through the system. Some of these elements are:

Symbols      Lighting      Architectural elements    Printed maps

Digital applications    Security to guide    Colors     Typography

Logos    Nomenclature    Numbers

Where are wayfinding used 

Gateways and Area Identification

Vehicular Wayfinding

Pedestrian Wayfinding

Urban and Street Identity

Media and Print Support

Example - 01

FIATC Insurances Headquarters’ Signage Rai Botey

The interesting part about this example is how the signs are physically integrated with in the structure of the building to create harmony but at the same time they are visually standing out with the usage of the white color. This shows how the designers have investigated time in understanding the nature of the environment and integrated the watfinding system easily. 

Example - 02

POLIN Museum of the History

of Polish Jews.

by Lahdelma&Mahlamäki Architects

The main inspiration for the signage system was therefore the architecture of the Museum building. Equally important was the reference to the existing identification of the institution - the colors it used, the company typeface, style, etc. They have designed a set of pictograms that are inspired from the typeface of the brand itself.

This is a very interesting example of a very simple wayfinding design since it is in simple communication language and with minimal colors that goes along with the over all brand identity and architecture but at the same time it stands out and can be easily recognizable. 

Materials used 

The materials that are used in the wayfinding systems make a significant translation of the meaning of the sign and how easy or hard to read and understand. Examples of the materials can be:

Aluminum    Metal    Glass     Plastic    Enameled steel   Electric Neon Paper     Illustration Board     Poster board    Cardboard   Wood Flexible magnetic sheeting    Rock

Printing techniques

Solvent Printing

Cut Vinyl

Routing

Laser Engraving

Rotary Engraving

UV Flatbed Printing

Case Study

Amman International Airport

Alia’s international airport in Amman, Jordan is one of the most successful example of wayfinding system that really helped me when I was visiting six years ago. It was my first experience to travel on my own without my parents.

The wayfinding system is very minimal in the in the usage of colors to brown, white and orange that both grasp the attention of the viewer and is  can be easy to always find around. 

When arriving to the airport after a long trip, the signs smoothly guide the traveler to the destination he is looking for. The navigate through the place is very quick and simple. The signs are put in the correct location at the correct time when traveler is looking for that particular sign. Bathroom signs for example are placed on the wall on very big scale to communicate quickly and to give identity to the brand of the airport. The choice of color was for me very successful because I can easily find it around and kind of expect that another sign will appear to me soon. Unlike usual airport signs, I felt the  sign system at Alia’s airport communicated the information gradually and didn’t cluster the information. 

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Wayfinding

Hoor Aldukhan 66060

Mirna Tanaghou 68680

Yara Hamedallah 68513

Hosna Ebrahimi 68499

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Ayesha Alyassi g00067734

Typical Elements way finding consists of?

Typical graphic wayfinding information includes systems made up of text, pictograms, maps, photographs, models, and diagrams.

What materials and printing techniques are used?

1. ACM clad – This stands for Aluminium Composite Material, but is also commonly known by the brand, Dibond. It’s made from two thin coil-coated aluminium sheets bonded to a non-aluminium core (polyethylene or foam). Printed ACM can be applied straight onto site hoarding to promote new developments, while adhering to health and safety regulations. It’s a superb material for hoarding because it flexes and is very durable, offers sound reduction and is fireproof. The overall affect is a streamlined, contemporary look and feel. 2. Acrylic – Perspex® is a well-known brand of acrylic sheeting. It is a tough, transparent, versatile thermoplastic used in many applications, particularly in visual communications, design and architecture. Acrylic is very resistant to shock, flexing, scratching and weathering. It comes in many colours and finishes and is totally recyclable. We apply acrylic shapes to hoardings to bring them to life, as well as for use in general signs and wall installations. It can be sprayed in different colours and makes brand logos stand out. We often use it self-coloured or reverse printed acrylic for stand-up letters, CGI pictures on hoardings and building exteriors. 3. Aluminium – A strong, light metal used widely in industry, aluminium is the most abundant metal on the planet. It’s malleable, so it’s easy to make into whatever shape we need, and it’s resistant to corrosion. We use aluminium for architectural features and walls, fingerposts, desk receptions, built-up letters and extrusions for banner frames. 4. Correx – Also known as fluted, or corrugated, polypropylene board, Correx is an inexpensive and efficient way to produce temporary signs or displays. Tough and lightweight, it’s easily cut to shape and comes in any number of colours and thicknesses. Correx is fully recyclable and is used a lot for outdoor signs such as estate agents’ boards. 5. Films and finishing – The effectiveness of our products is down to the materials and the finish we give them. Whether they need to weather gracefully to blend into a historic or rural environment or endure harsh conditions, the surface layer needs to do its job. The vinyl film or laminates that goes over our hoardings add to their longevity. 6. Foamex – A versatile, lightweight PVC foam sheet, that’s durable and easy to cut and shape. Foamex also has low water absorption, making it suitable for indoor and outdoor use. It comes in a range of colours and is a popular material for signage and displays. We can print directly on to foamex and it can be sprayed in different colours. We like to apply it to hoarding to bring it to life, adding a stand-out, 3D affect. We’ve even created an entire Santa’s grotto from foamex! 7. Glass – A hard but brittle fusion of sand, soda and lime, we’re surrounded by the many applications of glass and we use this canvas to apply graphics for signage and marketing purposes. We can create messaging on glass for marketing suites, using frosted messages, and apply crystal edge window manifestations to make subdivisions of internal spaces clearly visible. Glass signage is also good for external architectural projects and we supply optically clear vinyl for windows. Toughened, low-iron glass is extra clear, noted for its higher light transmittance and reduced green tint. This glass is used with wayfinding architectural signage where information may change. 8. Graffiti proofing – We can apply a special anti-graffiti laminate seal to hoarding and signs to ensure they last. This is a special coating that makes it easier to clean your signage if it’s vandalised. 9. Green walls – Also known as a living wall, this is a vertical surface partially or completely covered with living greenery, complete with a growing medium and integrated watering system for interior spaces. Green walls are great especially if your external or internal space has a green and environmental theme. 10. Lighting – Signage can work for you 24-hours a day if it’s illuminated well. Here are some of the methods we use to spotlight your brand: • Illuminated lettering and lightboxes – These are additional ways to light up a hoarding and highlight your key selling points. Internally illuminated, they’re hard to miss, especially at night, and colours look bright and crisp. Lightboxes, with opal acrylic inlays for exceptional illumination, can be single or double sided, wall mounted, projecting, hanging or free standing. We can even fit them to hoardings, which we rout out and light up from behind. • LED, ribbon or strip lighting – A flexible product, this can have self-adhesive backing for use on any surface. We use this lighting in the headers and kickers of hoarding, to accent the design and draw attention to key elements, rather than trying to light up the whole hoarding. • Neon – These are luminous, gas-discharge tubes that contain inert gases, usually neon. Neon lighting can light up your logo or wayfinding signage in a bright and colourful way. Neon has a classic, retro look but we’ve also used it to add urban chic ambience to an ultra-modern setting. 11. Powder coating – This is applying paint in dry powder form to a metal surface, using a spray gun. The powder bonds electrostatically to the surface and then it’s heat treated to produce a tough coating that looks like a traditional liquid paint finish, but it doesn’t run and it’s more environmentally friendly. Powder coating is good on wayfinding signage because it’s both protective and decorative. 12. Printed manifestations and digital wallpaper – These are large-scale printed materials applied to walls, glass and even floors. They act like murals and can be used to add any design to your interior. Digital wallpaper – or super graphics – is artwork printed onto large areas to transform office walls, whether to support your corporate identity or brighten up the office space with some bold pop-art. 13. Reflective or pearlescent vinyl – This has a base colour and an accompanying colour. It is reflective and appears glossy, so we use it for hoardings and for vehicles. 14. Steel and stainless steel – Strong, durable and versatile, this long-established construction material is made from mixing iron and carbon in the right proportions at high temperature, but other additives give it particular qualities. Adding chromium creates stainless steel, which is highly resistant to corrosion. We use steel mainly for architectural and industrial signage, but stainless-steel fret-cut letters add an eye-catching element to signs and even hoarding. 15. Stone – Whether a natural-look stone or slate, we can cut it to size and shape, including bespoke lettering. This material is great for traditional architectural signage where the natural surroundings can blend around it. Stone signage also gives a sense of permanence and solidity to any environment. 16. Textured wall coverings – A technical name for wallpaper, it adds depth and interest with a huge range of aesthetic looks and feels. It’s tactile, encouraging interaction, so it works well in marketing suites. 17. Verometal – A thin, metallic coating containing bronze that’s sprayed onto a surface, verometal gives your signage the appearance of solid metal. We can create a matt, satin polished, high polished, rusted or patinated look to fit your requirements. Verometal is ideal for wayfinding and permanent outdoor signage. 18. Vinyl and painted wall graphics – These can be used to create bright, colourful and creative designs. They are adhesive, and can be applied directly to walls so we mainly use them for internal branding and wayfinding. 19. Vinyl wrapped ply – This can be added to hoarding to make it more rigid and it is popular for luxury building developments. 20. Vitreous enamel – This is made by fusing powdered glass to a surface by firing at high temperatures and can be opaque or coloured. The technique is more than a century old and has immortalised London street names as well as London Underground’s signage. Vitreous enamel is ideal for exterior heritage signage, standing the test of time beautifully. 21. Wind mesh PVC – Perforated PVC is used to make wind mesh banners. There are tiny holes in its fabric to avoiding wind damage, so it’s ideal for advertising large, new-build developments, such as apartment blocks. 22. Wood – Good quality wood can have excellent durability and looks high-end, ageing well when looked after. We use wood when it’s important to match the surroundings, such as the ply plaques we installed for a wetlands project. Timber frames are also used for gantry signs. 23. 3D models – working with 3D technology specialists, we can develop a 3D printed masterplan to showcase housing projects. These are made from resin and printed through a process known as stereolithography (SLA). They depict with great accuracy a 3D visualisation of a new development for use within sales and marketing suites.

Make a list of elements typically found in way finding systems?

There are five primary architectural wayfinding elements: 

(1) paths/circulation, 

(2) markers, 

(3) nodes, 

(4) edges, 

(5) zones/districts. 

These, along with visual accessibility, are the design criteria for highly legible and comprehensible urban environments.

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Signage & Wayfinding

Rayyan Almutawa, 68817

General Overview

Signage is a system of a group of signs working together, especially displayed for commercial or public purposes. Accordingly, wayfinding uses signage systems in order to navigate users throughout a space. Wayfinding also informs people of their surroundings in an unfamiliar environment or setting. An effective and successful wayfinding system is based on human behavior and consists of the following characteristics:

·     Does not make them think.

      Comprehensive, clear and consistent visual communication system with             concise messaging.

·     Shows only what is needed.

      Only shows information what is relevant to the space, location and/       or navigation path.

·     Remove excessive information.

      Remove unnecessary elements to create a clear visual environment ahead.

The 4 Types of Signs

·     Information signs:       For instance a sign pole with locate a destination and / or to orientate           yourself in the build environment.

·     Directional signs:      Where information is displayed to find destinations, located on several          strategic points in the build environment.

·     Identification signs:       Where information about individual locations is displayed such as         buildings, locations and public facilities.

·    Warning signs:      To indicate safety procedures such as a fire escape routes, no smoking        areas and other regulations that is, or is not allowed in a specific area.

Typeface

A signage typeface is usually a sans-serif type and available in various weights with a simple easy-to-read straightforward design. They have a good legibility with a large X-Height and wide letter proportions with prominent ascenders / descenders to ensure a good readability.

When selecting a typeface for a signage design / wayfinding project please use the following characteristics:

· A clear and straightforward type design, sans-serif.

· Easy recognizable letterforms.

· Positive letter spacing to enhance the visual appearance.

· The Font Family includes a package of many different weights.

· The typeface has a large X-height for good readability.

Materials

https://www.readesigns.com/a-guide-to-signage-materials-and-formats/

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Wayfinding Research

Afra Al Zarooni

g00070442

What typical elements does a wayfinding system consist of?

There are five primary architectural wayfinding elements:

Paths/circulation: The circulation system is the key organizing element of a site or building. People use circulation systems to develop a mental map.

Markers: In wayfinding, a marker is an object that marks a locality. Markers such as arches, monuments, building entrances, kiosks, banners, artwork and natural features give strong identities to various parts of a site or building. They act as mental landmarks in the wayfinding process and break a complex task into manageable parts.

Nodes: A node is a point at which subsidiary parts originate. People make decision points at nodes in paths. As a result, nodes should contain graphic and architectural information to assist with those decisions.

Edges: Wayfinding edges determine where an area begins or ends.

Zones/districts: Wayfinding zones and districts are regions (either outside or within buildings) with a distinguishing character that assists in the general identification of place.

These, along with visual accessibility, are the design criteria for highly legible and comprehensible urban environments. Architectural systems use the design and organization of landscaping, urban amenities, and buildings as spatial indicators.

What are the materials that are used?

Some of the materials include:

Acrylic: It is very resistant to shock, flexing, scratching and weathering. It comes in many colours and finishes and is totally recyclable.

Aluminum: For architectural features and walls, fingerposts, desk receptions, built-up letters and extrusions for banner frames.

Glass: Messaging on glass for marketing suites, using frosted messages, and apply crystal edge window manifestations to make subdivisions of internal spaces clearly visible.

Neon: Lights up logos or wayfinding signage in a bright way.

Reflective vinyl: For hoardings and for vehicles.

Stone: Traditional architectural signage where the natural surroundings can blend around it. Stone signage also gives a sense of permanence and solidity to any environment.

Verometal: Is ideal for wayfinding and permanent outdoor signage

Vinyl wrapped ply: Can be added to hoarding to make it more rigid and it is popular for luxury building developments.

Vitreous enamel: More than a century old and has immortalized London street names as well as London Underground’s signage. Vitreous enamel is ideal for exterior heritage signage, standing the test of time.

What are the printing methods that are used?

Some of the printing methods include:

Solvent Printing: Using a long-lasting, outdoor durable ink. The solvent in the ink bonds the pigment to the surface, making it scratch and fade resistant. 

UV Flatbed Printing: Process in sign making that prints ink directly to a board. These machines use UV lamps to adhere ink to the surface, allowing to produce signs on both traditional sign materials and specialty applications such as doors and tiles.

Aqueous Printing: Water based printing using traditional water based inks. This process should only be used for indoor applications, or short-term outdoor projects.

Routing: Using a rotary ‘bit’, a router can produce any shape, a variety of bevels, and several surface textural effects.

Laser Engraving: Process that uses concentrated light to mark a variety of surfaces. A computer controlled laser focuses light onto a surface, allowing extreme detail, photographic effects, and intricate cutting.

Rotary Engraving: Uses a fast spinning ‘bit’ to engrave metal, plastic, wood, and several other surfaces.

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Wayfinding Sytems- Farida 69469

TOP 10 WAYFINDING SOLUTIONS

https://fuzeinteriors.co.nz/10-best-wayfinding-systems/

13

Wayfinding can be described as spatial problem solving. It refers to information systems that guide people through a physical environment and enhance their understanding and experience of the space. Wayfinding is particularly important in complex building environments. Here we take a look at the top 10 most impressive wayfinding systems.

WHAT IS WAYFINDING?

https://segd.org/what-wayfinding

Wayfindingrefers to information systems that guide people through a physical environment and enhance their understanding and experience of the space.

Wayfinding is particularly important in complex built environments such as urban centers,healthcare and educational campuses,and transportationfacilities. As architectural environments become more complicated, people need visual cues such as maps, directions, and symbols to help guide them to their destinations. In these often high-stress environments, effective wayfinding systems contribute to a sense of well-being, safety, and security.

WAYFINDING

https://www.designworkplan.com/read/wayfinding-introduction

Orientation and navigation

Navigation from place to place is a fundamental human activity and an integral part of everyday life. Where are you? Where are you heading to? People use their knowledge and previous experiences to find their way in the build environment. The human perception of the build environment and information in a space comes down to balance and focus. What do you see? Why did you see it? What did you do with the information.

Wayfinding principles

Wayfinding has the function to inform people of the surroundings in the (unfamiliar) build environment, it is important to show information at strategic points to guide people into the right directions. Complex structures in the build environment are interpreted and stored by the human memory. Distances, locations and time may be remembered differently than as they appear to be in reality.

An effective wayfinding system is based on human behavior and consists of the following characteristics:

Do not make them think Create a comprehensive, clear and consistent visual communication system with concise messaging.

Show only what is needed Show information what relevant is to the space, location and / or navigation path.

Remove excessive information Remove unnecessary elements to create a clear visual environment ahead.

Farida Foda 

69469

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Research

User experience UX design is a design that is focused on creating products that provide a meaningful experience to users, and it covers all of the aspects of the product and its usability. Even though it sounds very much like graphic design, however, it’s more involved in the process of building the product while keeping in mind the user in every step. One of the important components that fall under UX design is interaction design. It is the design of the interaction between users and products which often involves elements like aesthetics, motion, sound, space, and many more. Generative design is generating many design solutions and alternatives through software and this software learn from each solution to experiment what works with the goals and parameters of the design and what doesn’t. It is similar to how AI works, how it keeps trying to fix a problem by learning from previous decisions. In parametric modeling, objects are designed through a computer or software using various components of a model and surface modeling design tools to manipulate system attributes. In the parametric design in order to modify a 3D solid, the designer has only to change one parameter of it because interlinked attributes automatically change their features. Behind all of these amazing applications (animation, generative art, 3D modeling) is creative coding. Coding is telling your computer how to work by using computer language, however, creative coding is the same but it puts expression first while maintaining the functionality of the design. Creative technology is a kind of technology that is developed to make people’s life easier and it’s very practical, convenient and easy to use. Creative technologists are a combination of designers and developers, they can use their knowledge in creating and developing creative concepts. JavaScript is a scripting or programming language that allows you to implement dynamic and interactive experience for the user on web pages. The scripts can be written right in a web page’s HTML and executed automatically as the page loads. Processing is the movement of data or material towards a known goal or end result, by passing it through a series of stages or a sequence of actions. Gyro sensors are angular rate sensors or angular velocity sensors, are devices that sense angular velocity. They can sense motion that is difficult for humans to sense like rational motion and sense changes in orientation. Applications of gyroscopes include inertial navigation systems, such as in the Hubble Telescope, or inside the steel hull of a submerged submarine. Due to their precision, gyroscopes are also used in gyrotheodolites to maintain direction in tunnel mining. Gyroscopes can be used to construct gyrocompasses, which complement or replace magnetic compasses (in ships, aircraft, and spacecraft, vehicles in general), to assist in stability (bicycles, motorcycles, and ships) or be used as part of an inertial guidance system.

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VIS 342 Research

Afra Al Zarooni 

g00070442

Topic Research:

What is interaction design?

Interaction design is the practice of designing interactive digital products, environments, systems, and services. Beyond the digital aspect, interaction design is also useful when creating physical (non-digital) products, exploring how a user might interact with it.

What is generative design?

Designers or engineers input design goals into generative design software, along with parameters such as materials, manufacturing methods, and cost constraints. Unlike topology optimization, the software explores all the possible permutations of a solution, quickly generating design alternatives. It tests and learns from each iteration what works and what doesn’t.

What is parametric design? 

It is the generation of geometry from the definition of a family of initial parameters and the design of the formal relations they keep with each other. It is about the use of variables and algorithms to generate a hierarchy of mathematical and geometric relations that allow you to generate a certain design, but to explore the whole range of possible solutions that the variability of the initial parameters may allow.

What is creative coding?

Creative coding is a type of computer programming in which the goal is to create something expressive instead of something functional. It is used to create live visuals and for VJing, as well as creating visual art and design, entertainment, art installations, projections and projection mapping, sound art, advertising, product prototypes, and much more.

What is creative technology?

A broadly interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary field combining computing, design, art and the humanities. The field of creative technology encompasses art, digital product design, digital media or an advertising and media made with a software-based, electronic and/or data-driven engine.

Historic examples:

The British ‘industrial revolution’ from the late eighteenth century was closely associated with the beginnings of a shift from a cottage system of outworkers using hand tools in cotton manufacture to the deployment of machine tools located in centralised factories (Hudson 2004). Thus, innovation was associated with both questions of spatial location and production technology. 

In addition, innovation was seen as the key to the explanation for this new industrial age: steam provided the wherewithal to power new machinery and, in turn, the railway system and steam shipping that created national and international markets for the products of the new manufacturing era. The chain effect of the new technology of steam rolled through the middle decades of the nineteenth century—steam’s use in railways and shipping motivated new advances in iron, steel, and engineering and with it a major stimulus to the European economies (Ville 1990).

Technology:

What is javascript?

It is a high-level, interpreted programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. It is a language that is also characterized as dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based and multi-paradigm.

Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of the World Wide Web. JavaScript enables interactive web pages and thus is an essential part of web applications. The vast majority of websites use it, and all major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute it.

What is processing?

It is the process of a software program manipulating or extracting data from a stored file.

Gyro sensor in smart phones:

What does it detect? 

A gyroscope is a device that uses Earth's gravity to help determine orientation. Its design consists of a freely-rotating disk called a rotor, mounted onto a spinning axis in the center of a larger and more stable wheel. As the axis turns, the rotor remains stationary to indicate the central gravitational pull, and thus which way is “down."

What data do you get?

Linear acceleration of movement.

For what kind of application can it be used for? What other interactions does it allow?

Availability to trigger a number of preset events based on different set of motions by the user e.g. shaking the phone to lock

A Camera App for picture and video capturing eradicating the effect of vibrations

Auto rotation of the view when the Phone is rotated

Angular motion in a Mobile Game by 3D motion of the device

Smooth rotations and functional execution of various commands in the game by 3D Motion

How can it be utilized indirectly via mechanism?

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=20&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiNyKq90Z3gAhVj5eAKHRZ9B3sQFjATegQIAhAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.starlino.com%2Fimu_guide.html&usg=AOvVaw0FUqh7Zh22hewqhM87SYei

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Research

What is interaction design?

Interaction design focuses on creating engaging interfaces with well thought out behaviors. Understanding how users and technology communicate with each other is fundamental to this field. With this understanding, you can anticipate how someone might interact with the system, fix problems early, as well as invent new ways of doing things.

What is generative design?

Generative design is an iterative design process that involves a program that will generate a certain number of outputs that meet certain constraints, and a designer that will fine tune the feasible region by changing minimal and maximal values of an interval in which a variable of the program meets the set of constraints, in order to reduce or augment the number of outputs to choose from.

What is paramedic design?

The ground of parametric design is the generation of geometry from the definition of a family of initial parameters and the design of the formal relations they keep with each other. It is about the use of variables and algorithms to generate a hierarchy of mathematical and geometric relations that allow you to generate a certain design, but to explore the whole range of possible solutions that the variability of the initial parameters may allow.

What is creative coding and creative technology?

Coding is the process of writing computer language that essentially tells your computer how to work. It is the written aspect of programming as it is the instructions for the computer to perform a task. Coding and programming can be used to develop software, websites, apps and video games. Creative technology is a broadly interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary field combining computing, design, art and the humanities. The field of creative technology encompasses art, digital product design, digital media or an advertising and media made with a software-based, electronic and/or data-driven engine. Examples of creative technology include multi-sensory experiences made using computer graphics, video production, digital cinematography, virtual reality, augmented reality, video editing, software engineering, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, CAD/CAM and wearable technology

What are

potentials - the quantity determining the energy of mass in a gravitational field or of charge in an electric field. applications - An application is any program, or group of programs, that is designed for the end user. experiments - a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact. state of the art - refers to the highest level of general development, as of a device, technique, or scientific field achieved at a particular time. It also refers to such a level of development reached at any particular time as a result of the common methodologies employed at the time.

future perspective - the way in which something is seen. historic examples - something that provides evidence to the facts of history or is based on people and events of the past.

Javascript - an object-oriented computer programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within web browsers. what is processing  - perform a series of mechanical or chemical operations on (something) in order to change or preserve it.

What does Gyro sensor detect in smart phones?

Accelerometers in mobile phones are used to detect the orientation of the phone. The gyroscope, or gyro for short, adds an additional dimension to the information supplied by the accelerometer by tracking rotation or twist.

What data do you get?

An accelerometer measures linear acceleration of movement, while a gyro on the other hand measures the angular rotational velocity. Both sensors measure rate of change; they just measure the rate of change for different things.

For what kind of application can it be used for?

In practice, that means that an accelerometer will measure the directional movement of a device but will not be able to resolve its lateral orientation or tilt during that movement accurately unless a gyro is there to fill in that info.

what other interactions does it allow?

So some uses of gyroscope sensors include GPS,Gaming(with motion censors) or to calibrate compass or practically anything which works when because of rotational movement of phone.

how can it be utilised indirectly via mechanism?

Gyroscope will measure the tracking of the mobile moments according the tracking the video will be shown.On you tube you can easily view the 360 videos by moving your phone in different ways if their is a gyroscope sensor.

https://www.usability.gov/what-and-why/interaction-design.html

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Research 

What is Interactive Design?

Interaction design is a process in which designers focus on creating engaging web interfaces with logical and thought out behaviors and actions. Successful interactive design uses technology and principles of good communication to create desired user experiences. https://designmodo.com/interaction-design/

What is Generative Design?

Generative design mimics nature’s evolutionary approach to design. Designers or engineers input design goals into generative design software, along with parameters such as materials, manufacturing methods, and cost constraints. https‭://‬www.autodesk.com/solutions/generative-design

What is Parametric Design?

parametric design is the generation of geometry from the definition of a family of initial parameters and the design of the formal relations they keep with each other. It is about the use of variables and algorithms to generate a hierarchy of mathematical and geometric relations that allow you to generate a certain design, but to explore the whole range of possible solutions that the variability of the initial parameters may allow. http‭://‬www.parametriccamp.com/en/what-is-parametric-design‭/‬

What is creative coding and creative technology?

Coding is the process of writing computer language that essentially tells your computer how to work. It is the written aspect of programming as it is the instructions for the computer to perform a task. Coding and programming can be used to develop software, websites, apps and video games. https‭://‬blog.kadenze.com/creative-technology/creative-code-puts-fun-in-functionality‭/‬

Historical Example

1430 — 1930, Conveyer Belts of Da Vinci & Ford. Ali Rushdan Tariq describes that in circa 1430, Leonardo da Vinci designed conveyor belts to deliver food to kitchen preparers, and an early sprinkler system for safety measures. The prototype backfired when the conveyer belts operated too wildly and also the sprinkler system went off, ruining some food. https‭://‬blog.prototypr.io/5-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-history-of-ux-design-20592208a336

Javascript

JavaScript was initially created to “make web pages alive”. The programs in this language are called scripts. They can be written right in a web page’s HTML and executed automatically as the page loads. Scripts are provided and executed as plain text. They don’t need special preparation or compilation to run. In this aspect, JavaScript is very different from another language called Java. https://javascript.info/intro

Gyro Sensor

Accelerometers in mobile phones are used to detect the orientation of the phone. The gyroscope, or gyro for short, adds an additional dimension to the information supplied by the accelerometer by tracking rotation or twist.

An accelerometer measures linear acceleration of movement, while a gyro on the other hand measures the angular rotational velocity. Both sensors measure rate of change; they just measure the rate of change for different things.

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Assignment One - Farida 69469

What is Interaction Design?

Interaction design can be understood in simple (but not simplified) terms: it is the design of the interaction between users and products. Most often when people talk about interaction design, the products tend to be software products like apps or websites. The goal of interaction design is to create products that enable the user to achieve their objective(s) in the best way possible.

The 5 dimensions of interaction design

1.Words : like button labels—should be meaningful and simple to understand.

2. Visual Representation : graphical elements like images, typography and icons that users interact with

3.Physical objects and Space : Through what physical objects do users interact with the product? A laptop, with a mouse or touchpad? Or a smartphone, with the user’s fingers?

4.Time : While this dimension sounds a little abstract, it mostly refers to media that changes with time (animation, videos, sounds).

5.Behaviour : This includes the mechanism of a product: how do users perform actions on the website? How do users operate the product?

https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/what-is-interaction-design

What is Generative Design?

Generative design mimics nature’s evolutionary approach to design. Designers or engineers input design goals into generative design software, along with parameters such as materials, manufacturing methods, and cost constraints.

https://www.autodesk.com/solutions/generative-design

What is Parametric Design?

The ground of parametric design is the generation of geometry from the definition of a family of initial parameters and the design of the formal relations they keep with each other. It is about the use of variables and algorithms to generate a hierarchy of mathematical and geometric relations that allow you to generate a certain design, but to explore the whole range of possible solutions that the variability of the initial parameters may allow.

http://www.parametriccamp.com/en/what-is-parametric-design/

What  is creative coding and creative technology?

Coding is the process of writing computer language that essentially tells your computer how to work. It is the written aspect of programming as it is the instructions for the computer to perform a task. Coding and programming can be used to develop software, websites, apps and video games.

https://blog.kadenze.com/creative-technology/creative-code-puts-fun-in-functionality/

What is javascript?

an object-oriented computer programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within web browsers

What is processing?

perform a series of mechanical or chemical operations on (something) in order to change or preserve it.

What is gyro sensor?

Gyro sensors, also known as angular rate sensorsor angular velocity sensors, are devices that sense angular velocity. Angular velocity. In simple terms, angular velocity is the change in rotational angle per unit of time. Angular velocity is generally expressed in deg/s (degrees per second).

https://www.gsmarena.com/glossary.php3?term=sensors

1. You cannot play a game that involves circular motion for instance counter strike. 2. With out gyroscope Orientation of the phone Horizontal and vertical orientation of the device may not be sensitive. 3. Your smartphone is unable to measure the tilt angle. 4. Accelerometer alone will not provide orientation of the smartphone precisely without the help of gyroscope. 5. Images in your phone cannot be viewed in tilt because of no gyroscope. 6. You cannot use applications that works based on gyroscope.

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-of-having-gyroscope-sensors-in-smartphones

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Research for Motion Dialogues

Interaction Design

A process in which designers focus on creating engaging web interfaces with logical and thought out behaviors and actions.

Generative Design

A design method, based on parametric modeling, in which the output (image, sound, architectural models, animation) is generated by a set of rules by using a digital program.

Parametric Design

A process based on algorithmic thinking that enables the expression of parameters and rules that, together, define, encode and clarify the relationship between design intent and design response.

Creative coding & creative technology

Creative coding is to create something expressive instead of something functional through programming. Creative technology is a field which combines computing, design, art and the humanities, by showcasing art, digital product design, digital media or an advertising and media made with a software-based, electronic and data-driven engine.

JavaScript

A computer programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within web browsers.

Processing

Operating on data through a program

Gyro Sensors

Altimeters that use a gyroscope* to determine the position and orientation of an object based on the X, Y, and Z axis.

*Gyroscope: a device consisting of a wheel or disc mounted so that  it can spin rapidly about an axis which is itself free to alter in direction.

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Research for Motion Dialogues

What is interactive design?

Interactive design is the interaction created between the consumer and the product. It’s used to produces products that allows the consumer to achieve an objective in the easiest way. These products can we apps and websites that allow the consumer to easily interact with.

Generative Design is the use of algorithms that help experiences different aspects of a design to what it currently possible with using the traditional design process. It uses parameters and goals to allow explore different design variants to find solutions in the quickest way possible.Parametric design a based-on algorithms that enables the expression of parameters and rules. It together defines, encode and clarify the connection between the design intent and design response. It’s a paradigm in design where the relationship between elements is used to manipulate and inform the design of complex geometry and structure.

Creative coding is the name given to combine coding and design together. Coding is writing code and other general programming information to create apps and websites and creative is how we can use coding into creating a design. Creative technology is what combines computing, design and the art of the humanities. Creative technology incorporates art, product design, digital media or advertising. It’s a media made with a software based electronic or data driven engine.

An application example can be such as Fitbit is a great product with a grand mission to get people moving. To achieve this, it faces one of the biggest challenges — changing a person’s habit. It’s packed with a lot of powerful tools to do just that, such as setting personal goals, tracking and logging exercise and social fitness challenge.

What is javascript?

JavaScript is a coding language that allows you to apply sophisticated items on web pages and apps. It allows you to create animated graphics, interactive pages and timely content updates.  Moreover, JavaScript allows you to control the movement within an interactive page on the website or app.

Processing is referred to computer processor in which the movements a processor does when it receives a command. It is designed for visual art communities such web designers, animations and interactive programs.

The gyro system follows the smartphone based on the direction it’s being positioned. When the smartphone is positioned flat on a table, the numbers are 0 and if the point on the smartphone is centrally positioned, rotationX, rotationY and rotationZ are 0. When it’s floating in the air whilst holding, the numbers all change based on a 360-degree motion grid. 

The gyro sensor detects changes in the orientation of a phone for example. Gyro sensors, also known as angular rate sensors or angular velocity sensors, are devices that sense angular velocity. It determines the altitude and position of the smartphone like inside the aircraft. A gyroscope measures the rate at which a device rotates around a spatial axis. Rotation values may be positive or negative depending on the direction of rotation. 

Gyroscopes measure the rotation rate around the x, y, and z axes. Gyro sensors can be used to detect orientation, rate of rotation around a particular axis. It uses the key principles of angular momentum. It can be used in aircraft roll axis. Moreover, it can be used in unmanned aerial vehicles, compasses and large boats which assists stability in navigation. Other than altitude detections, gyro sensors have other characteristics such as scale, factor, temperature-frequency coefficient, compact size, shock resistance, noise characteristics.

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Research for Motion Dialogues

What is interaction design?  

It’s the design of the interaction between the user and the product. These products are usually softwares like mobile applications or websites.

What is generative design? 

It is a program designed to generate different number of outputs. Designers or engineers input design goals into generative design software, along with materials, manufacturing methods, and costs. The software explores all the possible permutations of a solution, quickly generating design alternatives. It tests and learns from each iteration what works and what doesn’t. It’s used in Architecture and construction, Industrial machinery and Aerospace

What is parametric design? 

A design where the relationships between elements are used to manipulate and inform the design of complex geometries and structures.

What is creative coding and creative technology? 

Creative coding is a code which attempts to a achieve a more expressive outcome over a functional outcome. In other words, it focuses on form over function.

What are potentials, applications, experiments, state-of the art, future perspectives... Find historic examples [e.g. 100 years ago]... and other associative inspiration. 

There is a potential in expanding the personalization of applications. This is already existing for example, iTunes recommends musics similar to what the user is listing to. Similarly Netflix, it recommends movies and shows which are in the same genre as the usual ones being watched. Personalizing would not only save users more time but would allow business to expand their sale. Machine learning which collects user data has already helped companies with advertising systems, however, there is more potential in this area. Undoubtedly, personalization will move forward and become more advanced over years since it's good for both brands and users.

As well as minimalistic design, it’s a process of keeping spotlight on the invaluable content and getting away with the valueless clutter. It allows the focus to be more on the content and to simplify the experience. From the past few years, we’ve seen minimalistic has become a trend in UI design. With personalization, minimalistic design will me more visible in the future as it illustrates clean, minimal and focused content.

What is javascript?

Javascript is a programming language utilized to produce and control web pages. 

What is processing?

Processing is a sequence of actions a processor carries out when it receives data or information.

Find out what you can do with the gyro sensor in your smartphone: What does it detect? What data do you get? For what kind of applications can it be used for? What other interactions does it allow? How can it be utilized indirectly via a mechanism? 

Gyro sensor is one of the types of a motion sensor. Motion sensors are the sensors, which senses the movements, such as tilt, shake, rotation, or swing. Gyro sensors are the type of sensors used to sense the angular rate or angular velocity. Gyro sensors can sense rotational motion and changes in orientation. It is used for many different purposes, for example it is used with different sets of motion on the mobile device, so the user will be able to assign different task to the device. Shaking the phone to lock the device will be an example. Another example is when the phone rotates, the view changes its orientation. Also, angular motion is in many different mobile game and because of the Gyro sensor on your phone, your device supports virtual reality (VR).