French Verb Conjugation by an Anglophone - ĂŠtre
ĂŠtre - to be
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Past Participle: été
Auxilliary verb: Avoir  Â
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Le mode indicative
L'indicatif is used when discussing facts or certainties. There are eight indicatif tenses:
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1. Le Présent
Le Présent is used to express current actions. For example:
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- Je suis - I am
- Tu es - You are
- Il est - He is
- Elle est - She is
- On est - We are (one is)
- Nous sommes - We are
- Vous ĂŞtes - You are
- Ils sont - They are
- Elles sont - They are
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2. Le Passé composé
Le Passé Composé is used to express actions which have finished in the past. For example:
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- J’ai été - I have been
- Tu as été - You have been
- Il a été - He has been
- Elle a été - She has been
- On a été - We have been (One has been)
- Nous avons été - We have been
- Vous êtes été - You have been
- Ils ont été - They have been
- Elles ont été - They have been
3. L'Imparfait
L'imparfait expresses actions happening, repeated, or habits in the past. For example:
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- J’étais - I was
- Tu Ă©tais - You were
- Il Ă©tait - He was
- Elle Ă©tait - She was
- On Ă©tais - We were (one was)
- Nous Ă©tions - We were
- Vous Ă©tiez - You were
- Ils Ă©taient - They were
- Elles Ă©taient - They were
4. Le Plus-que-parfait
The plus-que-parfait expresses an action that occurred before another action in the past: ''the past of the past."
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The English this is formed with ''had'' + past participle, in French this is done with avoir or ĂŞtre. For example:
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- J’avais été - I had been
- Tu avais été - You had been
- Il avait été - He had been
- Elle avait été - She has been
- On avait été - We have been (One has been)
- Nous avions été - We have been
- Vous aviez été - You have been
- Ils avaient été - They have been
- Elle avaient été - They have been
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5. Le Futur simple
Le Futur Simple express actions that will happen in the future. For example:
- Je serai - I will be
- Tu seras - You will be
- Il sera - He will be
- Elle sera - She will be
- On sera - We will be (One will be)
- Nous serons - We will be
- Vous serez - You will be
- Ils seront - They will be
- Elles seront - They will be
6. Le Futur antérieur
Le futur antérieur expresses actions that will happen before other actions in the future: 'the past of the future'.
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In English, the future perfect is formed with ''will have'' + past participle of the verb, in French it is formed with avoir or ĂŞtre in le futur + past participle. For example:
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- J’aurai été - I would have been
- Tu auras été - You would have been
- Il aura été - He would have been
- Elle aura été - She would have been
- On aura été - We would have been (One would have been)
- Nous aurons été - We would have been
- Vous aurez été - You would have been
- Ils auront été - They would have been
- Elles auront été - They would have been
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Le mode Subjunctive
Le Subjonctif, expresses sentiments, opinions, doubts, wishes, uncertainties and possibilities.
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It can be very confusing for English speakers because it is all but extinct in English.
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Not exhaustive, but there are a number of verbs that trigger the subjonctif:
- un souhait : a wish
- une volonté : a want
- une obligation : an obligation
- un ordre : an order
- une Ă©motion : an emotion
- une opinion à la forme négative : an opinion in the negative form
- un doute : a doubt
- une possibilité : a possibility
- une nécessité : a necessity
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In French, two tenses of the subjonctif are still in common use:
1. Le Subjonctif Présent
The present subjunctive is often used following << que >>. For example:
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Je souhait que tu sois - I wish you to be
Tu souhait que je sois - You wish me to be
Il souhait que je soit - He wishes me to be
Elle souhait que je soit - She wishes me to be
On souhait que tu soit - We wish you to be (One wants you to be)
Nous souhait que tu soyons - We wish you to be
Vous souhait que je soyez - You wish me to be
Ils souhait que je soient - They wish me to be
Elle souhait que je soient - They wish me to be
2. Le Subjonctif PassĂ©Â
Le Subjonctif Passé is used in the same circumstances as the present subjunctive but with a past participle. For example:
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- Je souhait que tu aie été - I wish that you were
- Tu souhait que j’aies été - You wish that I was
- Il souhait que j’ait été - He wishes that I was
- Elle souhait que je ait été - She wishes that I was
- On souhait que tu ait été - We wish that you were (One wishes that you were)
- Nous souhait que tu ayons été - We wish that you were
- Vous souhait que je ayez été - You wish that I was
- Ils souhait que j’aient été - They wish that I was
- Elles souhait que j’aient été - They wish that I was
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Le mode Conditional
The conditional is used when talking about things that depend upon a condition. For example:
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Si j'étais riche, j'achèterais une maison. - If I were rich, I would buy a house.
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There are two commonly used conditional tenses:
1. Le Conditionnel Présent
The conditional present tense expresses actions that would or might happen in the future. For example:
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- Je serais - I would be
- Tu serais - You would be
- Il serait - He would be
- Elle serait - She would be
- On serait - We would be (One would be)
- Nous serions - We would be
- Vous seriez - You would be
- Ils seraient - They would be
- Elle seraient - They would be
2. Le Conditionnel Passé
The past conditional expresses actions that might have happened in the past. For example:
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- J’aurais été - I would have been
- Tu aurais été - You would have been
- Il aurait été - He would have been
- Elle aurait été - She would have been
- On aurait été - We would have been (One would have been)
- Nous aurions été - We would have been
- Vous auriez été - You would have been
- Ils auraient été - They would have been
- Elles auraient été - They would have been
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Le mode Imperative
L'impératif expresses commands, orders, wishes, requests, or advice. For example:
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(tu) sois - You are
(nous) soyons - We are
(vous) soyez - You are
Direct and Indirect SpeechÂ
Discours direct et indirect are different ways to express what someone else has said. For example:
Direct speech is simple, you are quoting the words of another person.
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Paul dit : « J’ai une maison ». - Paul says, "I have a house."
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In indirect speech, the original speaker's words are reported using the subjunctive (introduced by que).Â
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Paul dit qu'il ait une maison. - Paul says that he has a house.
Indirect speech requires certain changes (in both English and French). There are three primary changes that may need to be made.
1 - Personal pronouns and possessives may need to be changed.
2 - Verb conjugations need to change to agree with the new subject.
DS - Thomas déclare : « Je veux voir mon père ».
Thomas declares, "I want to see my father."
IS - Thomas déclare qu'il veut voir sa père.
Thomas declares that he wants to see his father.
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3 - If the main clause is in the past tense, the verb tense of the subordinate clause may also need to change:
DS - David a déclaré : « Je veux voir ma mère ».
David declared, "I want to see my mother."
IS - David a déclaré qu'il voulait voir sa mère.
David declared that he wanted to see his mother.
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For example:Â
- J'affirme que je sois français - I affirm that I am French Tu affirms que tu sois français - You affirm that you are French - Il affirme qu’il soit français - He affirms that he is French Elle affirme qu’elle soit français - She affirms that she is French - - On affirme que on soit français - We affirm that we are French (One affirms that they are French) Nous affirmons que nous soyons français - We affirm that we are French
- Vous affirmez que vous soyez français - You affirm that you are French
- Ils affirment qu’ils soient français - They affirm that they are French
- Elles affirment qu’elles soient français - They affirm that they are FrenchÂ
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I can sleep at night knowing I never missed my calling as a pro cyclist. A big checkmark off the bucket list: to race a professional stage race in Europe. Every minute of suffering was pure joy! Thank you to @antonvarabei & @tsamuel94 for organizing, to @damedelaterre , @ethan_s87 & my dad for supporting the @toronto_hustle team. Also great to make new friends @international__niche and @manosblavakis! An experience of a lifetime! (at Rhodes Island Greece) https://www.instagram.com/p/B9gkoh2lrfn/?igshid=fce0s6k7liad
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Short video of my race at @uci_cycling Grand Prix Rhodes (spoiler alert: I got dropped on the climb). Big thank you to my dad and @damedelaterre for the support from @toronto_hustle team car! #6ixsquad (at Rhodes Island Greece) https://www.instagram.com/p/B9TRffwFvII/?igshid=12e2x9ndumb0d
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We had the race thefully covered at @uci_cycling #gprhodes. @tsamuel94 on the front and me on the back :) (at Rhodes Island Greece) https://www.instagram.com/p/B9QnxBjlTei/?igshid=19h5ja072pjnx
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When it's easy, it's manageable. When it's hard, it's biblical. First ever @uci_cycling race with @toronto_hustle. https://www.instagram.com/p/B9Mrl1OF10X/?igshid=15x9jldljypks
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