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Determination of authentic works of the New Testament

The first half of the Christian Bible is a Jewish book dating back to a long time before Christ, as Christians believe it to be written by inspiration from God. He never doubted the authenticity of this book. It took a long time for the list of compositions of biblical answers to be determined.

The early Christians had two grounds of faith. The first premise was the written Jewish scripture and the second premise, the evidence and teaching of the disciples of Jesus. This education was not initially available in writing. Because Jesus ordered his disciples not to script their teaching, but to preach it. How and when this oral education was written is not very clear. Many attempted to present a biography of Jesus (Deuteronomy 1, 1), but the church considered the four chapters of Jesus' biography to be authentic in the second century AD. Their origin is the primary teaching of the disciples of Jesus, but each book has its own specific purpose and the author's personal impression on it is also clear. Based on the ancient tradition, their authors are considered to be Matthew, Markus, Lucus and Yohan respectively. Concerning the creation of Saint MarKus, it is unanimously believed that it is first of all, written probably around 65 AD. Some scholars consider the creation of the books of Saint Matthew and Saint Lucas as early as 70 CE and some scholars around 80 CE. It is possible that Sant Yohan's work has been written around 95 AD.

The letters of Saint Paul are mentioned in many early Christian writings of the second century. On the basis of this, it can be concluded that a collection of these letters must have been in vogue in the first century AD, ie only a short time after their creation. The composition of these letters is unanimously considered from 51 AD to 67 AD. Christian literature of the late second century mentions the authenticity of apostles. This book was considered to be the latter part of the gospel of Saint Lucas. The creation time of both is the same.

By the beginning of the third century AD, the following writings had been accepted as part of the Christian scripture: four biographies of Christ, apostles, thirteen letters of the saint Paul, and the first letter of the saint John. Some other compositions were not widely accepted, yet widely believed to be authentic. They are the letters to the Hebrews, the second letter to Saint Peter, the letter of Saint Jacob and the letter of Saint Eudus. In the West, the epistle to the Hebrews and in the East the Book of Lent was not accepted as part of the Scriptures for a long time, but in the fourth century all the works of the present New Testament were accepted as authentic lists.

In another epistle to the Corinthians (3, 14), the saint Paul called the Jewish scripture an "ancient law". On the basis of this, the first half of the Jewish Bible, ie, the Christian Bible and its latter began to be known as the Old and New Testament respectively.

Introduction to the creations of the New Testament

Before the translation of each composition in the presented book, the syllabus of its content is presented. Here a brief introduction of all its compositions and their authors is being given.

1. Four gospels

The basic language of the latter part of the Christian Bible is Greek. Its first four texts are called the Gospels (ie the good news or the Gospel), because they contain the good news of the salvation of mankind announced by Jesus. The four describe the biography of Jesus and his teachings and his original subject is also one. That is, Jesus of Nazareth is the promised Messiah of the Jewish Scriptures.

The Gospel of Saint Matthew is placed first in the latter part of the Bible, as it was especially devoted to the early church. Saint Matthew was inspired. He is named Levi in the Gospels of Markus and Lucas. This gospel has been written for Jewish readers and its purpose is to prove that everything that is said about Christ in the Jewish Scriptures is fulfilled in Jesus. In addition to the Gospel of Saint Markus, the author had more written material, which in some way was also with Saint Lucas; Because there is a literal analogy at many places in the Gospels of Saint Matthew and Saint Lucas. The structure of Saint Matthew's Gospel is very much according to Saint Markus, but the first two chapters give details of Jesus' birth and migration to Egypt. In addition, Saint Matthew has given special emphasis on the teaching of Jesus and compiled it in five relatively detailed speeches. Chapters 5–6; 10; 13; 18 and 24-251 |

The Gospel of Saint Markus is the most concise and the oldest. Mark was a resident of Jerusalem. The Christian community of Jerusalem often gathered in their mother's house (Acts 12, 12). He was probably initiated by Saint Paes, because Saint Petrus calls him his son (First letter of Saint Petrus: 5, 13). According to an ancient tradition, he lived with Saint Peter and the main basis of his creation is the doctrine of Saint Peter. The main purpose of Saint Markus's gospel is to present Jesus Christ as the almighty son of God. He emphasizes less on Jesus' teachings, more on his miracles. The outline of his work is as follows - Initially, the people of Galilee greet Jesus with enthusiasm, but he soon becomes indifferent; Because she does not understand Jesus' spiritual messiahship. Seeing this, Jesus travels outside of Galilea and trains his disciples. He then enters Jerusalem as the Messiah, is crucified and resurrected after dying as a result of growing opposition from Jewish leaders.

Saint Lucas was a Gentile. According to an ancient tradition, he was a resident of Antioch and has described the establishment of a Christian congregation in this city (Acts 11: 19-26 1. He was a physician. (Epistle to the Colossians: 4, 14)) and became a Christian. After the saints were his companions in Paul's second and third preaching trips (Acts 15, 36-2038). He traveled with the saint Paul to Rome and accompanied them there during his imprisonment (Acts 27) , 1–28, 31). Another point of the New Testament suggests that he was still with them at the time of Saint Paul's second imprisonment in Rome (AD 67). (Second Epistle to Timothy: 4, 11). While writing the biography of Jesus, Lucas had the Gospel of Saint Markus and some written material available to Matthew as well. In addition to this he had collected much more, as he himself says at the beginning of his creation. Their aim is: to present a systematic description of the biography of Jesus Christ to the Su-Jewish Christians, so that they "know that the teaching we have received is true" (Luke 1, 4). Let's leave things Which cannot be easily understood by non-Jews or is of little importance to them. Saint Lucas knows that Jesus is the most talked about Christ in the Jewish Scriptures, but he emphasizes that Jesus has come to pave the way for salvation for all mankind. They specifically portray Jesus' kindness to sinners and his sympathy with the poor. The structure of his creation is such that the message of liberation comes from heaven. (Chapters 1, 2; These also describe Jesus' childhood); Yohan Baptista announces his arrival (Chapter 3); Jesus preaches it first in Galilea (chapters 4, 9) and later in the rest of Palestine, moving to Jerusalem (chapters 10, 19, most of which is the content of Saint Lucas), and ultimately the work of salvation ends in Jerusalem ( Chapter 19, 24).

Saint Yohan was the son of Zebedee and Salomi and brother of Saint Jacob. They were apostles and beloved disciples of Jesus. He probably left Palestine in 69–70 AD and came to the city of Ephesus in Asia Minor. It is very likely that he died in 98-99 AD. The basics of other gospels are also found in his gospel; Such as the evidence of Yohan Baptista, the miracles and discourses in Christ, his suffering and resurrection; But Saint Yohan understands that his readers are familiar with other gospels. This is the reason why they often leave the material given in them and narrate new events. During his time, misconceptions about the tank Jesus began to prevail. Therefore, the purpose of Saint John is to prove that Jesus is the son of God. He is the second person of the Trinity God: "The Word took up the body and dwelt among us" (1, 14) He is a human being and also a God; He has atoned for the sins of humans and has given them new life. Keeping this objective in view, he describes relatively few incidents, but tries to clarify their deeper meaning. After describing the miracles of the loaves, they present Jesus' speech about the 'Bread of Heaven'. Before giving vision to Jesus, he says: "I am the light of the world" and before reviving Lazarus: "I am the resurrection and the life" (11, 25). Another feature of this gospel is that the place of most of the events mentioned in it is Judea and Jerusalem.

2. Inspired

In the fifth book, Apostle-Charit of the new legislation, the early spread of Christianity is presented. After the establishment of Christian buds in Jerusalem and Palestine in the first half, there is a description of the conversion of non-Jews and the first preaching of the Saint Paul. At the end of it, a description of the First Christian General Assembly of Jerusalem is given. The purpose of the General Assembly was to resolve the problems that arose as a result of non-Jews becoming Christians. The main protagonist of this first half is Sant Petrus.

In the latter, the author only charred the saintly Paul and presented him as the chief evangelist in the Roman Empire. The reader can see the brief topic-information of the inspired book on page 183 of this book. S na rnima

3. Letter

Saint Paul, after the Lord Jesus Christ, is the most important personality of the New Testament. Paul used to persecute Christians first, but after the sight of Jesus near Damascus, he became a follower of Christianity at the age of twenty-five, and among Jews and non-Jews, Damascus, Antioch, Price Asia Minor, Macedonia, Greece, Rome And after the first imprisonment of Rome, he also successfully propagated Christianity in Spain. History testifies that Christianity soon gained an important place in the Roman Empire. The credit for this should mainly be given to Saint Paul. According to an ancient tradition, Saint Paul died at the age of fifty-five, at the end of the second imprisonment of Rome.

Paul's letters reveal that the motive of his tireless hard work was the exclusive devotion to the Lord Jesus Christ. He says: "For me there is life — Christ, and death — the full realization of them. But if I live, I can work hard, so I don't understand what to choose. I am drawn to both sides. I So I want to walk and live with Christ - it is certainly best; but it is more beneficial for you to be present in my body "(Epistle to Philippians: 1, 22-24). The third feature of Paul's personality, apart from devotion and sermons, is his fundamental concern about Christianity. He has been influencing the Christian devotees for centuries. It is not an exaggeration to say that the creations of Saint John and Saint Paul are the foundation of Christian theology.

The composition of Saint Paul's letters is as follows. First of all, in the year 51 AD, there are two letters to the Thessalonians, which were written in Corinth. In the period between five and six years later, two letters were written to the Corinthians and letters to the Philippians, Galatians and Romans. It is quite possible that he had written letters to the Colossians, the Ephs, and Philemon during the first imprisonment of Rome. The three remaining epistles in his name are known among the experts, though all Christians consider him to be an authentic part of the New Testament. It is possible that the first letter to Timayi and the letter to Titus were written after the first imprisonment of Saint Paul in Rome, and the second letter to Timothy should be the time of the second imprisonment in Rome. Still, other scholars on the basis of style believe that the role of the clerk in the composition of these three letters is more important and he has added parts from his side.

The creation of a letter to the Hebrews probably led to the death of Saint Paul. The epilogue bears resemblance to the style of Saint Paul, but the remaining portions are written by another person based on the thoughts of Saint Paul.

Saint Jacob's letter is certainly ancient, but its author is unknown. The letter has been in existence since ancient times in the name of Saint Jacob, president of the Jerusalem church, at the time of Jesus and at the time of the first Christian General Assembly. It is more probable that it was composed around the year 80, based on the discourses of Saint Jacob.

Saint Petrus died in AD 64 (67) AD. He wrote his first letter to the Jews aided by Silvanus a few years before his death (5, 12) (1, 1) scattered in Asia Minor. The second letter that is prevalent in his name was probably composed in the third decade of the second century AD, and it first started to prevail in the congregation of Alexandria. In it, as part of the scripture, the saint is the charade of Paul's letters. 3, 15–16) and parts of it are based on the letter of Saint Eudus. According to Eusebius (4th century AD), Saint Markus preached Christianity in Alexandria. Saint Markus was an associate of Saint Petrus (De. Introduction to Saint Markus above). Hence, the teaching of Saint Peter in Alexandria must have been practiced in the traditional form and from this the author made his letter known as Saint Peter.

The author of the first letter of Saint John calls himself an eyewitness of Jesus' life (De 1, 1-8; 4, 14), so the ancient tradition considers him to be integral to the unanimously inspired Saint John. There is no consensus regarding the second and third letters, yet it is quite possible that their author is the same inspired saint. The composition of these three letters is believed to be before 90 CE.

The letter of Saint Eudus was probably composed in the year 85 AD. Its author is unknown, although this letter was prevalent since ancient times in the name of Jesus, the saint of Eudus. :

4. The author of the book of light is the author of the book of light, he calls himself a Yohan and a prophet, but nowhere does he claim to be an apostle John. In the second century AD, most of the churches considered its author to be integral to the saint Yohan, the author of the fourth gospel. Nevertheless, from the very beginning some churches rejected this integrality and to this day Christian experts differ in its relationship. Some experts are of the opinion that the epistle-text is not written by the inspired saint Yohan, but by the apostle-resident disciples. Some other experts elaborate on this, saying that the Gospel of Saint John was also composed in this way. Whatever it is, it is unanimously accepted that Prakashana - the creation of the book is the last decade of the first century AD. The futuristic visuals of the book of light are to be seen as a systematic description of the end of the world. The purpose of its various symbolic scenes is the presentation of the defeat of the forces of evil at the end of the world, the justice of the world and the glorification of Christ and his church.

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