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Basics for civil Engineer

Basic Notes For Civil Engineers - Santosh Chowdary

Weight of Steel For Various Diameters of Bars 

Diameter Weight Per Meter 

6 mm = 0.222 Kg

8 mm = 0.395 Kg

10 mm = 0.616 Kg

12 mm = 0.888 Kg

16 mm = 1.578 Kg

20 mm = 2.466 Kg

25 mm = 3.853 Kg

32 mm = 6.313 Kg

40 mm = 9.865 Kg

Grade of Concrete

M5 = 1:4:8

M10 = 1:3:6

M15 = 1:2:4

M20 = 1:1.5:3

M25 = 1:1:2

Clear Cover to Main Reinforcement 

Footings : 50 mm

Raft Foundation Top : 50 mm

Raft Foundation Bottom/Sides : 75 mm

Strap Beam : 50 mm

Grade Slab : 20 mm

Column : 40 mm

Sear Wall : 25 mm

Beams : 25 mm

Slabs: 15 mm

Flat Slab: 20 mm

Staircase : 15 mm

Ret. Wall: 20/ 25 mm on earth

Water Retaining Wall: 20/30 mm

Design Mix

M10 ( 1 : 3.92 : 5.62)

Cement : 210 Kg/ M 3

20 mm Jelly : 708 Kg/ M 3

12.5 mm Jelly : 472 Kg/ M 3

River sand : 823 Kg/ M 3

Total water : 185 Kg/ M 3

Fresh concrete density: 2398 Kg/M 3

M20 ( 1 : 2.48 : 3.55)

Cement : 320 Kg/ M 3

20 mm Jelly : 683 Kg/ M 3

12.5 mm Jelly : 455 Kg/ M 3

River sand : 794 Kg/ M 3

Total water : 176 Kg/ M 3

Admixture : 0.7%

Fresh concrete density: 2430 Kg/ M 3

M25 ( 1 : 2.28 : 3.27)

Cement : 340 Kg/ M 3

20 mm Jelly : 667 Kg/ M 3

12.5 mm Jelly : 445 Kg/ M 3

River sand : 775 Kg/ M 3

Total water : 185 Kg/ M 3

Admixture : 0.6%

Fresh concrete density: 2414 Kg/ M 3

Note: sand 775 + 2% moisture, Water185 -20.5 =

164 Liters,

Admixture = 0.5% is 100ml

M30 ( 1 : 2 : 2.87)

Cement : 380 Kg/ M 3

20 mm Jelly : 654 Kg/ M 3

12.5 mm Jelly : 436 Kg/ M 3

River sand : 760 Kg/ M 3

Total water : 187 Kg/ M 3

Admixture : 0.7%

Fresh concrete density: 2420 Kg/ M 3

Note: Sand = 760 Kg with 2% moisture

(170.80+15.20)

Standard conversion Factors

INCH = 25.4 MILLIMETRE

FOOT = 0.3048 METRE

YARD = 0.9144 METRE

MILE = 1.6093 KILOMETER

ACRE = 0.4047 HECTARE

POUND = 0.4536 KILOGRAM

DEGREE FARENHEIT X 5/9 – 32 = DEGREE

CELSIUS

MILLIMETRE= 0.0394 INCH

METRE = 3.2808FOOT

METRE = 1.0936YARD

Calculation

Cement In bags

01. PCC 1:5:10 1440/5*0.45 129.60Kg 2.59

02. PCC 1:4:8(M 7.5) 1440/4*0.45 162.00Kg 3.24

03. PCC 1:2:4(M 15) 1440/2*0.45 324.00Kg 6.48

04. PCC 1:3:6(M 10) 1440/3*0.45 216.00Kg 4.32

05. RCC 1:2:4(M 15) 144/2*0.45 324.00Kg 6.48

06. RCC 1:1.5:3(M 20) 1440/1.5*0.45 32.00Kg 8.64

07. RCC 1:1:2(M25) 370.00Kg 7.40

08. RCC M 30 410.00Kg 8.20

09. RCC M35 445.00Kg 8.90

10. RCC M40 480.00Kg 9.60

11. Damp Proof Course CM 1:3,20mm tk 1440/3*0.022 10.56Kg 0.21

12. 2″tk precast slab M15 324*0.05 16.20Kg 0.32

13. 3″tk precast slab M15 324*0.075 24.30Kg 0.49

14. GC Masonry CM 1:7 1440/7*0.34 70.00Kg1.40

15. Brick Work CM 1:6 1440/6*0.25 60.00Kg 1.20

16. Brick Work CM 1:4, 115tk 1440/4*0.25*0.115 10.35Kg 0.21

17. Grano Flooring CC 1:1.5:3 1440/1.5*0.45*0.05 21.60Kg 0.43

18. Plastering CM 1:3, 12mm tk 1440/3*0.014 6.72Kg 0.13

19. Wall Plastering CM 1:4, 12mm tk 1440/4*0.014 5.00Kg 0.10

20. Laying Pressed Tiles Over

a CM 1:4, 20mm tk 1440/4*0.022 7.92Kg 0.16

01. Any Concrete Work

(PCC, RCC) 0.45*35.315= 20.00

02. Damp Proof Course

CM `1:3, 20mm tk 1.00

03. 2″tk Precast slab M15 1.00

04. 3″tk Precast slab M15 1.50

05. SS Masonry in CM 1:7 15.00

06. Brick Work in CM 1:6 15.00

07. Brick Work in CM 1:4,115mm tk 2.00

08. Grano Flooring in CC 1:1.5:3 1.00

09. Plastering in CM 1:3, 12mm tk 1.00

10. Wall Plastering CM 1:4, 12mm tk 1.00

11. Laying Pressed Tiles over a CM 1:4, 20mm tk

1.00

12. Ceramic Tiles, Marble, Granite, Cuddapah slab

CM 1:4, 20mm tk 1.00

Unit Weight

01. Concrete 25 kN/m3

02. Brick 19 kN/m3

03. Steel 7850 Kg/m3

04. Water 1000 Lt/m3

05. Cement 1440 Kg/m3

06. 1Gallon 3.78 Litres

07. Link 8″ = 200mm

08. 1 Hectare 2.471 acr(10000m2)

09. 1 Acr 4046.82m2 = 100 cent

Development Length

01. Compression 38d

02. Tension 47 & 60d

03. 1 Cent 435.60 Sft

04. 1 Meter 3.2808 ft

05. 1 M2 10.76 ft2

06. 1 Feet 0.3048m

07. 1 KN 100Kg

08. 1kN 1000N

09. 1 Ton 1000Kg = 10,000 N = 10 kN

10. 1 kG 9.81N

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