#Alexandra von Schleswig-Holstein

[gogmstuff]

1908 SKKH Prinz August Wilhelm Hohenzollern und seine Braut Prinzessin Alexandra von Schleswig-Holstein. From the lost gallery’s photostream on flickr; fixed flaws w Pshop & removed mono-color tint 1109X1600.

[countvonreutern]

Wishing Her Majesty, Ma’am, dear Cousin a very happy 95th birthday today!

The Queen was born at 2.40am on 21 April 1926 at 17 Bruton Street in Mayfair, London. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, who later became King George VI and Queen Elizabeth.

Head of the Commonwealth, Head of the Armed Forces, Head of State in 16 countries, and the longest-reigning monarch in British History. Wife, mother, grandmother and great-grandmother.

This year Her Majesty remains at Windsor Castle, during a period of Royal Mourning following the death of her beloved husband, Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh.

[starry-sky-stuff]

Historical Sortings

I've done a lot of reading about royalty in the 19th century and I decided to have some fun and try my hand at sorting historical figures.

I wonder if you can tell who my favs and unfavs are from my sortings.

Cut for length.

British Royals:

Queen Victoria: Snake/Lion. An unhealthy Snake Primary who expected that level of unhealthy devotion from everyone around her. Probably burned a bit after Albert died. Also an unhealthy Lion Secondary who strong-armed, controlled, and domineered others, particularly her children.

I don't know too much about her husband, but I think Albert might've been an Idealist.

Edward VII, aka Bertie: Lion/Badger. His charm strikes me as more of a Badger than a Snake. He seems to me to be the ‘I know a person’ guy. Just the vibes I get. He also really liked routine and wasn’t a particularly good conversationalist, just genuinely interested in others. Not too sure about his primary, but I didn't get Loyalist vibes so I went with Lion.

Alexandra of Denmark {wife of Bertie}: Snake/Badger. She usually gets characterised as the long-suffering wife so it’s not surprising she’s the love interest sorting. She was loyal to her husband despite all his infidelities, and her interests were confined to her children and pets

Princess Alice {daughter of Queen Victoria}: Bird/Badger. Experienced a crisis of faith in middle age which I interpret as a Fallen Bird trying to reconfigure their system. Her dedication to helping others makes me think Badger Secondary. Also, she died after contracting diphtheria from giving her sick son comfort which seems like a very tragic Badger.

Prince Alfred {son of Queen Victoria}: Lion/Lion. He was wilful and abrasive, and had a no-nonsense attitude, so probably Lion Secondary. I can’t really get a read on his primary but maybe also a Lion. That would mean he and his wife houseshare, which might’ve contributed to the breakdown of the marriage.

Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna {wife of Alfred}: Lion/Lion. Very caustic and abrasive, I definitely wouldn’t want to be around her in real life but I admire her no-nonsense attitude and no tolerance for BS. Her marrying off her daughters young because she thought it was right makes me think Lion Primary.

Princess Beatrice {daughter of Queen Victoria}: Snake/Badger. She subjugated her entire life to fulfilling her mother’s needs and the only major conflict they had was over her wanting to get married (Snake on Snake loyalty conflict maybe). Very much a background character who worked behind the scenes, so Badger Secondary.

I don't know enough about Queen Victoria's other children to sort them.

George V: Badger/Badger. Dull, dutiful and dependable is how he tends to be described, which always makes my mind go to Badger (I swear, I love Badgers, they’re great but they’re not very flashy). Considering he refused to give sanctuary to his cousin Nicholas II because he was afraid he might threaten his own country and throne, I’m going with Badger Primary who put the good of his group over individual loyalty.

Mary of Teck {wife of George}: Badger/Badger. Duty and dignity defined her, so I think she was a Double Badger who was loyal to the institution of the British Monarchy and her family (above any individual member). Her and her husband houseshare, which might explain some of their parenting issues since neither could compensate for the other’s shortcomings.

Marie of Edinburgh, aka Missy {daughter of Alfred}: Snake/Snake. Charismatic and flamboyant, she started out as a young bride in a foreign country with no support and she ended her life as a beloved figure and the most popular member of the royal family. Part of this was her finding meaning in her life by working for the benefit of Romania, which makes me think she was a Snake whose loyalty came to include all of Romania. Also, she was disgusted with her son’s selfishness and his (initial) abdication of his rights.

Victoria Melita of Edinburgh, aka Ducky {daughter of Alfred}: Lion/Lion. Strong-willed, temperamental, and uncompromisingly honest, Ducky unabashedly followed her own course in life. She divorced her first husband despite family and social pressure, married her second husband despite protests from his family, and was no-one’s fool.

German Royals:

Victoria, Princess Royal, aka Vicky {daughter of Queen Victoria}: Lion/Lion. I read in her biography that someone was quoted as saying she was “always clever, never wise”, which I think just fits this sorting. You’ve really got to admire her steadfast belief in liberalism in the face of Prussian conservatism, but sometimes reading about her aggravates me because I’m like, can’t you chill for just a second. Like, stop doing the same thing and expecting a different outcome.

Frederick III, aka Fritz {husband of Vicky}: Lion/Badger. He and Vicky were really united in their shared Lion Primary and belief in liberalism, from which they never wavered. His indecision and constantly subjugating his beliefs to family loyalty make me think he of an unhappy Badger Secondary loyal to a group that doesn’t value him.

Wilhelm II {son of Vicky & Fritz}: Lion/Lion. Considering his fraught relationship with his mother I find him and Vicky having the same sorting to be kinda funny. But he was such a Glory Hound Lion, a total egomaniac, bombastic, and a bully. A deeply unhealthy Double Lion.

Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein {wife of Wilhelm}: Badger/Badger. Definitely an unhealthy Badger Primary, she exalted anything that was German and was prejudiced against anything that wasn’t. Probably a Badger Secondary too, who dedicated herself to her husband, children, and throne.

Otto von Bismarck: Lion/Snake. Also a Glory Hound Lion judging by his visceral reaction to the implication anyone but him was responsible for German unification. The ultimate politician and opportunist, his Snake Secondary allowed him to stay in power for decades and outmanoeuvre pretty much everyone until the system he created failed him. The irony of that is hilarious to me (Bismarck’s a figure I find interesting but utterly despicable)

Russian Royals:

Nicholas I: Badger/Lion. I’m going with Badger just on his dehumanisation of ethnic minorities, liberals, and anyone who opposed him. And he was known as the Iron Tsar, so definitely a Lion Secondary who crushed any dissent both large and small. Very ironic that he’s the Protagonist sorting, since he was someone who really wanted to do what was right for his country, but what he believed was right was the worst and he's generally considered one of the worst tsars.

Alexandra Feodorovna {wife of Nicholas I}: Snake/Badger. Similar to Alexandra of Denmark, she was defined as being the perfect wife, loyal to her husband and overlooking his infidelities, with few interests outside of her family.

Alexander II {son of Nicholas I}: Lion/Snake. Definitely not a Loyalist based on the way he treated his wife. Loyalists can commit adultery too, but if he’s a loyalist than he’s not one who valued his wife or their children. And he definitely gives me immature Lion Primary vibes, doing what makes him happy to the detriment of others, his family, and his country. He was known for his charm and congeniality, but his way of dealing with his ministers was to play each of them off each other which makes me think Snake.

Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich {son of Nicholas I}: Lion/Lion. A total firebrand and idealist, he pursued his goals relentlessly and often tactlessly. Burned later in his life after his brother took a conservative bent and then Konstantin was basically removed from power after his brother’s death, so he retreated to life with his mistress and second family.

Alexander III {son of Alexander II}: Badger/Lion. Very similar to his grandfather, Nicholas I. Dutiful and hardworking, but also a lot of dehumanisation and running roughshod over others. Treated his family better than his father, and family was very important to him which could also be Snake.

Maria Feodorovna {wife of Alexander III}: Lion/Badger. She was vivacious and friendly and flourished in court life, which makes me think either Courtier Badger or Snake. I think Badger because she really understood the institutional power of the role of empress and was also really suspicious of anyone outside of the family. Nothing about her suggests Loyalist to me, but she was very firm in believing in the correctness of her own opinions. Her conflict with her daughter-in-law definitely makes sense when viewed through the lens of a Lion/Badger vs Lion/Lion

Nicholas II {son of Alexander III}: Badger/Badger. He garnered a reputation for duplicity because, since he hated conflict, he would agree with a minister during a meeting and then fire them via note the next day, so definitely not a Lion. Probably a Badger since he was obsessive over doing every single aspect of his job, including even sending letters and he refused a secretary. His attachment to autocracy derived at least partly from duty and he was very attached to his family, so maybe Badger Primary. He was also very close to his cousin George V and they houseshare.

Alexandra Feodorovna {wife of Nicholas II}: Lion/Lion. A deeply unhealthy Lion, she was obstinate, imperious, and completely inflexible. Wholeheartedly believed that she was entirely correct in her opinions, often based on little evidence, and objectivity was completely beyond her.

[annalaurendet70]

Imperial Family of Russia and Grand Ducal Family of Hesse in Friedberg, German Empire - Excursion to Münzenberg Castle.

First table At Back: Lady-in-waiting Miss Loch; Wing-Adjutant Captain Alexander Alexandrovich Drenteln; Princess Alice of Battenberg; Grand Duchess Eleonore of Hesse and By Rhine; Princess Emma of Solms-Lich (born Princess Emma of Stolberg-Wernigerode); Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig of Hesse and Rhine.In Front: Oberhofmeisterin Wilhelmine Freiin von Senarclens-Grancy; General-Adjutant General Ferdinand von Hahn; Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein; Tsar Nicholas Il of Russia; Princess Louise of Battenberg; Hofmarschall Freiherr of Ungern-Sternberg, Dr Evgeniy Sergeievich Botkin.Second Table at Back: OTMAA, Sophia Ivanovna Tiutcheva

*Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia was probably taking baths at Bad Nauheim at the time. Nicholas and the children went on outings almost every day, but Alix accompanied them only on a few shorter trips.

* Oberhofmeisterin Wilhelmine Freiin von Senarclens-Grancy - Chief Stewardess of the Household, Baroness Wilhelmine Marie von Senarclens-Grancy 1837-?

* Hofmarschall Freiherr of Ungern-Sternberg possibly Arthur Carl Reinhold von Ungern-Sternberg 13 June 1853-1923

* Princess Emma of Stolberg-Wernigerode 1875-1956 Daughter of F. Otto of Stolberg-Wernigerode 1837-1896 and Anna Reuss of Köstritz 1837 - 1907 Married H. Charles of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich 1866 - 1920 She is the sister-in-law to Grand Duchess Elenore of Hesse and By Rhine.

[germanaustriannoblesandroyals]

Master Post - Members by birth

Disclaimer: Houses that rule(d)/reside(d) in other countries but originally came from German and/or Austrian territories and/or are generally regarded as belonging to this cultural room are listed among the German & Austrian Houses.

German & Austrian Houses

House of Ascania

Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst aka Catherine the Great

House of Coburg (Cadet branch of the House of Wettin)

Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duchess of Württemberg

Princess Charlotte of Belgium, The Empress of Mexico, Archduchess of Austria

Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary & Bohemia

Princess Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess Royal, The German Empress

Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Princess of Leiningen, The Duchess of Kent

House of Griffin

Elizabeth of Pomerania, Holy Roman Empress

House of Habsburg

Archduchess Johanna of Austria, The Grand Duchess of Tuscany

Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Holy Roman Empress, The Electress of Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, Princess of Lorraine and Bar

Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, The Electress of Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Antonia “Marie Antoinette” of Austria, The Queen of France and Navarre

Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria, The Empress of Brazil, Queen of Portugal & the Algarves

Maria Theresia, The Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress

Archduchess Sophie of Austria

House of Hanover (Cadet branch of the House of Welf)

Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, The Queen in Prussia

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Empress of India

House of Hesse

Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia

Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia

House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein

Princess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen

House of Hohenstaufen

Elisabeth “Beatrix” of Swabia, The Queen of Castile, León & Galicia

Konstanze “Anna” of Hohenstaufen, The Empress of Nicaea

House of Hohenzollern

Princess Anna Amalia of Prussia

Princess Caroline of Ansbach, The Queen of Great Britain & Ireland, The Electress of Hanover

Princess Elisabeth of Brandenburg, The Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen

Princess Luise of Prussia, Princess Radziwiłł

Princess Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, The Queen of Sweden

Princess Marie of Prussia, The Queen of Bavaria

Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia, The Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

House of La Marck

Amalia of Cleves

Anne of Cleves, The Queen of England

Sybille of Cleves, The Electress of Saxony

House of Leiningen

Princess Feodora of Leiningen, The Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

House of Liechtenstein

Princess Sophie of Liechtenstein, Countess Esterházy de Galantha

House of Mecklenburg

Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Great Britain, Ireland & Hanover

Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Princess of Brunswick-Lüneburg aka Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia

Friederike (Federica) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Hanover

Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Prussia

Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Princess of Thurn and Taxis

House of Northeim

Richenza of Northeim, Holy Roman Empress

House of Oldenburg

Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, German Empress

Princess Cecilie of Greece & Denmark, The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

House of Reuß

Princess Hermine Reuß of Greiz, “German Empress”

House of Thurn and Taxis

Princes Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis, Duchess of Württemberg

House of Welf

Adelaide of Burgundy, Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Italy

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, The Queen of the United Kingdom & Hanover

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, The Queen in & of Prussia

Princess Juliane of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, The Queen of Denmark and Norway

House of Wettin

Adelheid (Adelaide) of Saxe-Meiningen, The Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German Empress

Princess Christina of Saxony, The Landgravine of Hesse

Princess Luise (Louise) of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Countess of Pölzig and Beiersdorf

House of Wied-Neuwied

Princess Elisabeth of Wied, The Queen & Princess of Romania

House of Wittelsbach

Princess Alexandra of Bavaria

Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth “Sisi” in Bavaria, The Empress of Austria

Elisabeth (Isabeau) of Bavaria, The Queen of France

Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, The Queen of Prussia

Helene “Néné” in Bavaria, The Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis

Princess Ludovika of Bavaria, The Duchess in Bavaria

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Archduchess of Inner Austria-Styria

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Marie in Bavaria, The Queen of Two Sicilies

Baroness Marie Louise of Wallersee, Countess of Larisch

Mathilde in Bavaria, The Countess of Trani

Sophie in Bavaria, The Duchess of Alençon

Princess Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria

House of Württemberg

Mary of Teck, The Queen of the United Kingdom & British Dominions, Empress of India

Princess Sophie of Württemberg, The Queen of the Netherlands

Minor Nobles

Anna Constantia of Brockdorff, The Imperial Countess of Cosel

Katharina von Bora, Mrs Martin Luther

Baroness Louise Lehzen

Baroness Marie “Mary” of Vetsera

Sophie Botta, The Dark Countess of Hildburghausen

Sophie of Pannwitz, Countess of Voß

Foreign Houses

House of Albret

Jeanne d’Albret, The Queen of Navarre, 1. The Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and 2. The Duchess of Vendôme

House of Aviz

Infanta Eleonor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress

House of Bourbon

Princess Louise d’Orléans, Princess Alfons of Bavaria

Byzantine Imperial Family

Princess Eudokia Laskarina of Nicaea, The Hereditary Duchess of Austria

Irene of Byzantium, The Queen of the Germans, The Duchess of Swabia

Princess Theodora Angelina, The Duchess of Austria & Styria

Princess Theodora Komnene of Byzantium, The Duchess of Bavaria & Austria

Theophanu, Holy Roman Empress

House of Chotek

Countess Sophie Chotek of Chotkowa and Wognin, The Duchess of Hohenberg

House of Este

Maria Beatrice d’Este, The Duchess of Massa & Carrara, Archduchess of Austria

House of Jagiellon

Jadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon, The Electress of Brandenburg

House of Stuart

Elizabeth Stuart, The Queen of Bohemia & Electress Palatine

House of Trastámara

Queen Joanna “The Mad” of Castile, Léon & Aragon, The Duchess of Burgundy, Archduchess of Austria

House of Valois

Mary, The Duchess of Burgundy, Archduchess of Austria

Commoners

Fatima Kariman aka Maria Aurora (von) Spiegel

Helene Baltazzi, The Baroness of Vetsera

Louise Rump, Mrs Ebert

Margot Großmann, Mrs Sauerbruch

Maria Anna Mozart, The Imperial Baroness Berchthold

Maria “Mizzi” Kaspar

Ottilie Richter, Baroness of Faber

Sophie Scholl

[livinglikebritishroyalty]

𝒲𝑒𝒹𝒹𝒾𝓃𝑔 𝒲𝑒𝒹𝓃𝑒𝓈𝒹𝒶𝓎

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝒞𝑜𝓊𝓅𝓁𝑒

His Majesty George V The King & Her Majesty Queen Mary

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𝒲𝑒𝒹𝒹𝒾𝓃𝑔 𝒟𝒶𝓉𝑒 & 𝐿𝑜𝒸𝒶𝓉𝒾𝑜𝓃

The Royal Wedding took place at 12:30PM on Thursday, July 6th, 1893 in The Chapel Royal (Left Picture) at St. James Palace (Right Picture) in London, England

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𝐸𝓃𝑔𝒶𝑔𝑒𝓂𝑒𝓃𝓉 𝒮𝓉𝑜𝓇𝓎

♕ Previous Engagement: Her Majesty Queen Mary (Top Picture) was engaged before meeting His Majesty George V. Mary had become engaged to His Royal Highness Prince Albert The Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Bottom Picture), the older brother of George. Sadly the wedding never happened, as The Duke had fell ill with the Flu which then took a bad turn, turning the flu into Pneumonia. The Duke passed away on Friday, January 8th, 1892 at The Sandringham House in Norfolk, England. 

♕ Staying In The Family - Part 1: Her Majesty Queen Victoria (George’s Grandmother: Left Picture) wanted the then His Royal Highness Prince George of Wales, to marry either Her Majesty Queen Marie of Romania (His Cousin: Middle Picture) or Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna (His Cousin: Right Picture). George sadly was not fond of either of the two women & Her Majesty Queen Marie of Romania (Middle Picture) did react to George’s proposal to her by rejecting him. 

♕ “I’m Too Young”: Even after his grandmother tried to wed George & his two cousins, the young prince refused to be married. “I still think marrying too young is a bad thing. The one thing I never could do is to marry a person that didn’t care for me. I should be miserable for the rest of my life.” George wrote this to his grandmother stating that he was too young to be married & even if he did marry young, he would marry someone he loved. 

♕ Staying In The Family - Part 2: George’s grandmother & Mary had met during her engagement to the now parted Duke, & Queen Victoria was fond of Mary. She had spoken to Mary to see what she would think about marrying her fiancé’s brother. This was very embarrassing for both George & Mary, as Mary’s fiancé's & George’s brother, had only been dead for 1 year & the two were still in mourning. The couple began to feel the pressures of the royal life. Mary began to feel pressure from not only her family but George’s family to be a married woman. George felt the pressure of his new position as second-in-line to the throne, he was still recovering from the proposal rejection of his cousin Her Majesty Queen Marie of Romania, & he also had no idea if Mary even had romantic feelings towards him. 

♕ The Proposal: After a long conversation with George’s favorite aunt Olga Constantinovna of Russia (Also known as Queen Olga of Greece: Left Picture), the young duke was urged to propose to his brother’s fiancé Mary. George had help with his proposal from his sister Her Royal Highness Louise The Princess Royal (Middle Picture) & his brother-in-law Alexander Duff 1st Duke of Fife (Louise’s husband: Right Picture). On Wednesday, May 3rd, 1893, Louise had “arranged” to have tea with Mary. When Mary arrived to have tea with Louise, she had found George & Louise waiting for her instead of just Louise. The Princess Royal had suggested that the couple go to the garden to go watch the frogs that lived in the garden pond. The duke then proposed to Mary by the pond & she happily accepted George’s proposal. The couple came to learn how to love & care for each other deeply, despite the stress & heartbreak of the last year.

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝒲𝑒𝒹𝒹𝒾𝓃𝑔

♕ Morning: That Thursday morning, when George was walking the corridors of Buckingham Palace, he accidentally spotted his bride. As tradition, Bride & Groom are never supposed to see each other (unless a private moment is planned by the couple to meet with each other before the wedding) because it is bad luck. As George spotted Mary, he proceeded to make a low & courtly bow towards the princess, a sweet moment many say that Mary never forgot.

♕ Wedding Party: The Royal Wedding was attended by 5 Bridesmaids, 5 Junior Bridesmaids, & 2 Supporters of The Groom.

♕ Wedding Officiant: The Archbishop of Canterbury Edward White Benson (Left Picture) performed the ceremony. He was assisted by The Bishop of London Frederick Temple (Middle Picture), The Bishop of Rochester Randall Thomas Davidson 1st Baron Davidson of Lambeth (Right Picture), & 5 other priests.

♕ Register Signing Tradition: As Tradition during all Royal Weddings, the Register must be signed. The Register of the Wedding of His Majesty George V The King & Her Majesty Queen Mary was signed by Her Majesty Queen Victoria, The Prime Minster William Ewart Gladstone (Pictured Below), & all other royal personages that were present at the wedding.

♕ Balcony Tradition: As Tradition of all Royal Weddings, the Bride & Groom along with family, made an appearance on the Buckingham Palace balcony. Even Queen Victoria made a rare public appearance when she joined the couple on the Balcony.

♕ Official Portraits (Photo is in Order): The Official Painters of the Royal Wedding were Heinrich Anton von Angeli, Laurits Tuxen, & Sir Samuel Luke Fildes

♕ Title Change: As Royal Tradition, the Groom (Sometimes) & Bride’s (Always) Title will change. Mary’s Title changed from Her Serene Highness Princess Victoria Mary of Teck to Her Royal Highness The Duchess of York. George’s Title changed from His Royal Highness Prince George of Wales to His Royal Highness The Duke of York.

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𝒢𝓊𝑒𝓈𝓉 𝐿𝒾𝓈𝓉

The royal parties traveled from Buckingham Palace to St. James Chapel in 4 large carriages.

♕ First Carriage: Members of the Household.

♕ Second Carriage: The Groom & His Supporters (Mentioned Below in The Guest List)

♕ Third Carriage: The Bride, His Highness Francis The Duke of Teck (The Bride’s Father: The Left Picture), & His Serene Highness Prince Adolphus of Teck (The Bride’s Brother: The Right Picture)

♕ Fourth Carriage: Her Majesty Queen Victoria (The Groom’s Grandmother), Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Teck (The Bride's Mother: Left Picture), Prince Francis of Teck (The Bride’s Brother: Middle Picture), & Alexander Cambridge 1st Earl of Athlone (The Bride’s Brother: Right Picture)

♕ Wedding Party: 

The 5 Bridesmaids: Her Royal Highness The Princess Victoria (The Groom’s Sister), Her Majesty Maud The Queen of Norway (The Groom’s Sister), Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia (The Groom’s First Cousin: Mention Above In Staying In The Family - Part 1), Her Royal Highness Alexandra The Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (The Grooms First Cousin), & Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (The Groom’s First Cousin)

The 5 Junior Bridesmaids: 1. Her Royal Highness Margaret The Crown Princess of Sweden Duchess of Scania (The Groom’s First Cousin). 2. Lady Patricia Ramsay (The Groom’s First Cousin), 3. Her Royal Highness Alice Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark (also known as Mother Superior Alice-Elizabeth & Great-Grandaughter of Queen Victoria), 4. Queen Victoria of Spain (The Groom’s Cousin), & 5. Her Highness Princess Helena Victoria (The Groom’s Cousin)

The Grooms Supporters: His Majesty Edward VII The King (The Groom’s Father: Left Picture) & His Royal Highness Alfred The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (The Groom’s Uncle: Right Picture)

𝒢𝓊𝑒𝓈𝓉𝓈 

𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝒢𝓇𝑜𝑜𝓂'𝓈 𝐹𝒶𝓂𝒾𝓁𝓎 (Not Mentioned In The Wedding Party)

Her Majesty Queen Alexandra (Mother)

Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal (Sister & Brother In Law: Mentioned Above in The Proposal)

Her Royal Highness Princess Arthur of Connaught, Duchess of Fife (Niece)

Her Imperial and Royal Highness Maria The Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Edinburgh (Paternal Aunt)

His Royal Highness Arthur Duke of Connaught and Strathearn & Her Royal Highness Louise The Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn (Paternal Uncle & Aunt)

Prince Arthur of Connaught (First Cousin)

Her Imperial Majesty Victoria The Empress Frederick

His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Prussia and Princess (Princess Irene) Henry of Prussia (First Cousins)

Her Royal Highness The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

The Most Honorable Victoria The Dowager Marchioness of Milford Haven & The Most Honorable Louis The Marquess of Milford Haven (First Cousin & Her Husband)

His Highness Albert The Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (First Cousin)

Her Royal Highness The Princess Louise Duchess of Argyll & John Campbell 9th Duke of Argyll Marquess (Marquis) of Lorne (Paternal Aunt & Uncle)

Her Royal Highness The Princess Beatrice & His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Battenberg (Paternal Aunt & Uncle)

The Most Honorable Alexander The Marquess of Carisbrooke (First Cousin)

His Majesty Christian IX of Denmark and Queen Louise of Denmark (Maternal Grandparents)

His Royal Highness Prince Valdemar of Denmark (Maternal Uncle)

Her Imperial Majesty Maria Empress of All the Russias

His Imperial Majesty Nicholas II Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias (First Cousin)

Ernest II The 7th Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (Half-Second Cousin)

His Majesty Albert I The King of the Belgians (Paternal Second Cousin - Once Removed)

Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Paternal Second Cousin - Once Removed)

Lady Feodora Gleichen (Second Cousin)

Lady Helena Gleichen (Second Cousin)

Countess Victoria Gleichen (Second Cousin)

𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝓇𝒾𝒹𝑒'𝓈 𝐹𝒶𝓂𝒾𝓁𝓎

His Royal Highness George The Duke of Cambridge (Maternal Uncle)

Her Royal Highness Augusta The Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz & His Royal Highness Frederick The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Maternal Aunt & Uncle)

Colonel Augustus FitzGeorge (First Cousin)

𝒪𝓉𝒽𝑒𝓇 𝐹𝑜𝓇𝑒𝒾𝑔𝓃 𝑅𝑜𝓎𝒶𝓁𝓉𝓎

Prince William “Edward” of Saxe-Weimar & Her Serene Highness Augusta Princess William “Edward” of Saxe-Weimar

The Maharaja of Bhavnagar

Jagatjit Singh, The Raja of Kapurthala

The Thakur Sahib of Morbi

Bhagvat Singh, The Thakur Sahib of Gondal

𝒜𝓂𝒷𝒶𝓈𝓈𝒶𝒹𝑜𝓇𝓈 & 𝐸𝓃𝓋𝑜𝓎𝓈

Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin

Russian Ambassador Baron Egor Egorovich Staal Madam de Staal

German Ambassador Paul von Hatzfeldt

The Turkish Ambassador

Austro-Hungarian Ambassador Count Franz Deym & Countess Deym

The Italian Ambassador & Countess Tornielli

The Spanish Ambassador

The United States of America Ambassador Thomas Bayard and Mrs. Mary (Clyme) Bayard

The Belgian Minister & Madam Solvyns

The Danish Minister & Madam de Bille

Portuguese Minister Luís Pinto de Soveral 1st Marquis of Soveral

Romanian Minister Alexandru Plagino

The Greek Chargé d'Affaires & Madam Romanos

𝒫𝑜𝓁𝒾𝓉𝒾𝒸𝒾𝒶𝓃𝓈

The Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury The Right Honorable William Gladstone (Mentioned Above in The Wedding) & Mrs. Catherine (Glynne) Gladstone

The Lord Chancellor The Right Honorable Farrer Herschell 1st Baron Herschell & Lady Agnes (Kindersley) Herschell

The Chancellor of the Exchequer The Right Honorable Sir William Harcourt & Lady Elizabeth (Motley) Harcourt

The Chief Commissioner of Works The Right Honorable George Shaw-Lefevre 1st Baron Eversley & Lady Constance (Moreton) Shaw-Lefevre

The Lord President of the Council and Secretary of State for India The Right Honorable John Wodehouse 1st Earl of Kimberley & Countess Florence (FitzGibbon) Wodehouse of Kimberley

The Secretary of State for the Home Department The Right Honorable Herbert Asquith 1st Earl of Oxford & Asquith

The Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs The Right Honorable Archibald Primrose 5th Earl of Rosebery & 1st Earl of Midlothian

The Secretary of State for War The Right Honorable Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman & The Honorable Mrs. Sarah (Bruce) Campbell-Bannerman

The First Lord of the Admiralty The Right Honorable John Spencer 5th Earl Spencer (& Viscount Althorp) & Countess Charlotte (Seymour) Spencer

The Secretary of State for Scotland The Right Honorable Sir George Trevelyan 2nd Baronet & Lady Caroline (Phillips) Trevelyan

The Chief Secretary for Ireland The Right Honorable John Morley 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster James Bryce 1st Viscount Bryce & Mrs. Elizabeth (Ashton) Bryce

𝑅𝑜𝓎𝒶𝓁 𝐻𝑜𝓊𝓈𝑒𝒽𝑜𝓁𝒹

The Most Honorable Lord Steward of the Household Gavin Campbell 1st Marquess of Breadalbane & Alma (Graham) Campbell Marchioness of Breadalbane

The Most Honorable Lord Chamberlain of the Household Charles Wynn-Carington 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire & The Honorable Lady Cecilia (Harbord) Wynn-Carington

Gold Stick-in-Waiting Bodyguard Sir Patrick Grant 

Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms The Right Honorable George Venables-Vernon 7th Baron Vernon

Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard The Right Honorable William Edwardes 4th Baron Kensington

Treasurer of the Household The Right Honorable Edwyn Scudamore-Stanhope 10th Earl of Chesterfield

Comptroller of the Household Sir George Leveson-Gower

Vice-Chamberlain of the Household The Right Honorable Charles Spencer 6th Earl Spencer 

Master of the Household Major-General Sir John Cowell

Master of the Buckhounds/Hounds Thomas Lister 4th Baron Ribblesdale

Acting Mistress of the Robes Anne (Spencer-Churchill) Innes-Ker Duchess of Roxburghe

Lady of The Bedchamber Jane Spencer (Conyngham) Baroness Churchill

The Right Honorable Francis Stonor 4th Baron Camoys Lord-In-Waiting

Garter Principal King of Arms (Senior King of Arms & Officer of Arms) Sir Albert William Woods

The Right Honorable Charles Harbord 5th Baron Suffield Lord-in-Waiting to the Prince of Wales

Chamberlain to the Princess of Wales The Right Honorable Charles Colville 1st Viscount Colville of Culross & Wife to The Chamberlain to the Princess of Wales The Honorable Lady Cecile (Carrington) Colville

𝒪𝓉𝒽𝑒𝓇 𝒢𝓊𝑒𝓈𝓉𝓈

His Grace Henry Fitzalan-Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal

The Honorable Frances (Pitt-Rivers) Osborne The Duchess of Leeds

His Grace Spencer Cavendish 8th Duke of Devonshire & Her Grace Louisa (Augusta) Cavendish Duchess of Devonshire

His Grace John Manners 7th Duke of Rutland & Janetta (Hughan) Manners Duchess of Rutland

His Grace William Scott 6th Duke of Buccleuch & Louise (Hamilton) Scott Duchess of Buccleuch

His Grace George Campbell 8th Duke of Argyll & Her Grace Amelia (Claughton) Campbell Duchess of Argyll (Father & Stepmother of The Groom’s Uncle)

His Grace William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke of Portland & Her Grace Winifred (Dallas-Yorke) Cavendish-Bentinck Duchess of Portland

James Hamilton 2nd Duke of Abercorn & Mary (Curzon-Howe) Hamilton Duchess of Abercorn

The Most Honorable Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess of Salisbury & Georgina (Alderson) Gascoyne-Cecil Marchioness of Salisbury

William Edgcumbe 4th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe

The Right Honorable Edward Bootle-Wilbraham 1st Earl of Lathom & Alice (Villiers) Bootle-Wilbraham Countess of Lathom

The Right Honorable Richard Cross 1st Viscount Cross & Viscountess Georgiana (Lyon) Cross

The Right Honorable Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury & Wilhelmina (Woodfall) Giffard Countess of of Halsbury

The Right Honorable Lord George Hamilton & Lady Maud (Lascelles) Hamilton

The Speaker of the House of Commons The Right Honorable Arthur Peel 1st Viscount Peel

The Right Honorable George Goschen 1st Viscount Goschen & Mrs. Lucy (Dalley) Goschen

The Right Honorable Joseph Chamberlain & Mrs. Mary (Endicott) Chamberlain

The Right Honorable Arthur Balfour 1st Earl of Balfour

♕ Spectators: Since The Wedding of His Majesty George V The King & Her Majesty Queen Mary, was the first public royal wedding in 32 years, the large crowd of spectators spread down the route of travel from Buckingham Palace to St. James Palace. As she arrived at the chapel, Mary gave the crowd a side-ways smile & a wave that made her seem a little nervous about her upcoming vows that were about to take place.

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𝒲𝑒𝒹𝒹𝒾𝓃𝑔 𝒪𝓊𝓉𝒻𝒾𝓉𝓈

♕ The Designer: In 1891, Mary’s mother Mary The Duchess of Teck announced that not only Mary’s dress but also the bridesmaids dresses would be made in Britain. Arthur Silver of Silver Studios was chosen to design the then Princess’s future wedding gown for when Mary was supposed to marry Prince Albert (But sadly the wedding never happened). Before the dress began, Mary & her mother visited the Warner & Sons’ factory which is located at the Hollybush Gardens in Spitalfields, London. The mother daughter duo asked the factory to make fine white silks with silver thread by Albert Parchment for the dress. Mary’s Second Wedding Dress was crafted by Linton & Curtis of Albemarle Street (A street in Mayfair Central London off Piccadilly). 

♕ The First Dress: After Mary’s fiancé had passed away, her “Lily of the Valley” (A highly poisonous woodland flowering plant with sweetly scented, pendent, bell-shaped white flowers borne in sprays in spring) wedding was made public but was abandoned by the family & the designer. 

♕ The Second Dress: For Mary’s wedding to George, the design that she chose for her dress was “The May Silks” & would be influenced by Japanese Art. The design of the embroidery of the dress would include emblems of Roses, Shamrocks, Thistle, Orange Blossom, & True Lovers Knots. The front of Mary’s Wedding Gown was made of white satin which had 3 small flounces of old Honiton Lace (A Type of Lace Textile made by braiding & twisting lengths of thread, which are wound on wood or bone bobbins & is made in Honiton, Devon) from the wedding dress of her mother which were located on the top & upper parts of the sleeves. The bodice long, pointed, cut at the throat, made of Arthur Silver’s white & silver brocade, & satin fell from the Princess’s shoulders. The train of the gown was long but plain & Mary wore her mother’s veil, which was also made of Honiton lace & fastened using her wedding gift from Her Majesty Queen Mary, diamond pins. The veil was never used again in another royal wedding. Following the flower theme of the dress, small wreaths were placed around the bust & in Mary’s hair. (A Dark Photo than the one above so you can see the design better)

♕ Royal Jewelry: For her wedding, Mary wore a diamond tiara as a loan from Queen Victoria. Along with the Tiara, the bride wore a Diamond Rivière Necklace from the Prince & Princess of Wales, Diamond Earrings from Prince George, & a Anchor Brooch from Prince George.

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𝐹𝓊𝓃 𝐹𝒶𝒸𝓉𝓈:

♕ The Wedding of His Majesty George V The King & Her Majesty Queen Mary, was the first Royal Wedding to take place in St. James Chapel since the death of Prince Consort Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Albert was Her Majesty Queen Victoria’s husband but many of the couple’s children married in the St. James Chapel. The cause of death was Typhoid Fever.

♕ The Couple spent their honeymoon at Sandringham, which is George’s estate in Sandringham, Norfolk, England (Top Picture). They stayed at Sandringham until they left for the Osborne House in East Cowes, Isle of Wright, United Kingdom (Bottom Picture).

[historyloversstuff]

ROMANOV NAMES: Maria (part one)

Maria (rus.Мария) -  a given name from derived from the Hebrew Miryām, which means   “sea of sorrow “ or “wished for child”

Maria Miloslavskaya, the first spouse of Tsar Alexey, was the first woman from Romanov family to be called by name Maria at the same time. 

Tsaritsa Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya was born in 1625 as younger daughter of Russian boyar and diplomat,  Ilya Danilovich Miloslavsky. Passed over, in first bride selection in favour of  Euphemia Fedorovna Vsevolozhskaya, she was chosen by young Tsar Alexey few months later as his bride. It’s likely that behind Alexey’s choice stood Boris Morozov, an influental boyar and tutor to Tsar, who hoped to marry Maria’s sister and become his brother-in-law. Both couples were wedded on 16 January 1648 and new Tsaritsa conceived soon after that. Alexey and Maria produced 13 children in general, but 5 of them didn’t survived into adulthood. Maria fulfilled her duty in regard to religion and charity. She engaged herself in public dotations for poor and disabled children and benefited some monasteries. Unfortunately, her happy union with husband was ended by her death in childbirth on 1669. Her last child, weak Tsarevna Eudoxia didn’t outlived her mother and died only 1 day after birth. 

Tsarevna Maria Alexeyevna was born on 28 January 1660 as the eighth child of Alexey I and his first spouse, above-mentioned, Tsaritsa Maria Milovskaya. She was not involved in politics, but her sympathy for first wife of his half-brother, Eudoxia Lopukhina didn’t made her popular and significant at Peter I’s court. Maria also took care of Alexei Petrovich, Peter and Eudoxia’s firstborn son, after his mother had been put into a nunnery against her will.  When her nephew escaped from Peter’s tutelage, she helped him to maintain a contact with his mother. Some time later, she was accused of having prepared Alexei’s escape and taken in custody. Imprisoned and forgotten by all, Tsarevna died on 1723.

Tsaritsa Maria Fyodorovna was born 25 October 1759 as a daughter of Frederick Eugene II of Württemberg and his wife, Friederike  Brandenburg-Schwedt. She was christened with name of Sophie Marie Dorothea Auguste Luise. Her parents gave her an excellent education; Sophie Maria had good command over Latin, German, Italian and French. In 1773 she was among a group of German princesses chosen as possible brides for Pavel I, but she was denied by Catherine the Great, in the view of her young age. In 1776 she was proposed as future bride for widowed Pavel I. Catherine was delighted with ideal of union between Pavel and Sophia Maria, mainly because she shared name, place of birth and similiar education with her future daughter-in-law. Wedding took place on September 1777. Sophia Maria converted to Ortodoxy and was given a name ‘Maria Fyodorovna’. Tall, thoughtful and rather plump woman was quickly dominated by her mother-in-law, but her marriage turned out to be a harmonious one, despite Pavel’s diffucult character and distrust. Generally, marriage resulted in ten children, including two future Tsars - Alexander I and Nicholas I. Except for Alexander and Konstantin, all her children enjoyed happy childhood by side of Maria. Between 1795 and 1806, seven members of her large family died in quick succession. Overshawdowed and overlooked during Catherine the Great’s reign, she became an influental figure during her sons’ reign and exerted tremendous influence over his younger sons’ lives and ways and involved herself in politcs and charity. Outlived by her  assassinated husband and five of ten children, Maria was suffering humbly and passed away in 1828. 

Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna was born on 16 February 1786 as the fifth child of Tsar Pavel I, and his second spouse, Maria Fyodorovna. Rather not renowned for her beauty, Maria developed a precocious talent as pianist; her features had been misshapen by smallpox. In 1804, her brother arranged her marriage with  Charles Frederick of  Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. They had four children, of which three survived childhood. Maria was not pleased with a low level of culture in  in the poor Grand-Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, so she became a patron of arts and maintained a long-lived relationship with Vasily Zhukovsky,  Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Franz Liszt. On the advice of Maria, at Jena University, famous Literary Evenings were conducted. After death her husband, she withdrew from public life, what was contributed to her growing deafness. She died in 1784.

Tsaritsa Maria Alexandrovna was born on 8 August 1824 as the youngest daughter of Grand Duke Ludwig II of Hesse and his wife, Wilhelmine of Baden. Her legitimacy was conseted right from the very beginning due to her mother extramatrial relationship with  August von Senarclens de Grancy. In 1839, young Tsasarevich Alexander Nicholaevich was travelling around Europe, looking for a wife. In Darmstadt he became capitaved by young, shy and withdrawn Princess Wilhelmina Maximiliana of Hesse-Darmstadt. But Nicholas I and his wife, Alexandra Fyodorovna expressed their disapproval for their son’s choice, as they learnt about questioned paternity of Grand Duke. But when Alexander informed them that he was considering about possible union between himself and Queen Victoria, the ultimate choice fell on Hessian princess. She converted to Ortodoxy and took a name ‘Maria Alexandrovna’. First years of marriage was happy, however Alexander was probably the most promiscuous Tsar of Russia ever and had different extramaterial relationships. He sired over 7 children out of wedlock. Frequent pregancies made it impossible for her to keep up with  frivolous, rich Russian court, which literally adored her husband for his self-confidence and extraordinary charm. They started gradually to live apart. Maria was constantly ailling and suffered from weak lungs and therefore, she had to spent years abroad in order to treat herself. The birth of Pavel in 1860, left her with little strength and became clear that her health was in serious decline. It was advised by doctors that she was not supposed to share bed with Alexander any longer. Like many wives of unfaintful husbands, Maria sought for comfort in religion. By 1864 it was apparent that she had contracted consumption. She spent rest of her live in Sankt Petersburg mourning her first daughter, Alexandra and first-born son, Nixa who had passed away in 1864 of consumption. Maria was aware of his husband’s relationship with Ekaterina Dolgorukaya, which proved to more serious than his previous flings and resulted in 4 children. Maria died forgotten by all but her children on 1880. 

Grand Duchess Maria Mikhailovna was born on 9 March 1825 as the first of five daughters of Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich and his spouse, Elena Pavlovna. Her father had always high hopes for her as the oldest daughter, though cherished and spoiled her greatly. Mikhail, who was eager to have son on his own, imposed upon her sense of duty and introduced her to the cavalry and infantry signals on the bugle and drum, but he also left Maria’s upbringing to his well-educated wife. Maria, who had been always suffering from weak health, died in her father’s arms in 1826.

Grand Duchess Maria Nicholaevna was born on 18 August 1819 as the second child of Tsar Nicholas I and his spouse, Alexandra Fyodorovna. Initially, her father was not thrilled at her birth as he had expected for a son, but quickly he became affectionate parent for her. She grew up into energic, out-spoken girl who lacked only sense of duty. From young years she showed interest in arts and was given a position of President of the Academy of Arts. In 1837 she fell in love with Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, who was grandson of late Empress Josephine, first wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, who had been defeated by Maria’s uncle, Alexander I. Maximilian was not considered as desireable partner for Grand Duchess, but talks were conducted and they were in 1838. They had seven children, who was granted with title of Dukes or Duchesses of Leuchtenburg and Princes or Princess Romanovsky/kaya. But years passed and couple started to live apart. In 1854 Maria made a second marriage to Count Grigori Stroganov which was kept in secret until death of Nicholas I. Her brother, Alexander II didn’t allow her to stay in Russia so she left her children behind, placing her own happiness over sense of duty. She died  of varicose veins in 1876. 

Tsaritsa Maria Fyodorovna was born as Maria Sophie Friederikke Dagmar, one of six children of  Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and his wife, Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel on 26 November 1847. Alongside with her siblings, Dagmar lived an modest, quiet live in Copenhagen, because his father was only an unsignificant German-born prince from impovernished cadet line of family. But in 1852 her father was recognized as heir-presumptive to his childless uncle, Frederick VII, largely due to his wife rights for Danish throne as a niece of Frederick’s father. However, Christian’s new role change little in the live of Dagmar. Her family still resided in Yellow Palace, avoiding Danish court and court functions. Around 1864, Dagmar (or Minnie as she was generally known in her family circles) grew into a pretty, gentle young girl, who caught eye of Tsasarevich Nicholas, son of Alexander II, who was travelling across Europe. Nixa, as he was affectionally called, was handsome,  wise and well-read men with large knowlegde. They became smitten with each other. Minnie became engaged to Nicholas, but her happiness turned out to be short-lived. Nixa, who had always been thought to be of robust health, fell down with consumption and was never to recover. Whilst lying on his deathbed, he wished that his bride be married to his beloved brother, stout and narrow-minded Alexander, nicknamed Sasha. In spite of initial reluctance of Alexander to be married to Dagmar, they had a close and free of extramatrial affairs relationship until his death in 1894. Young wife, who had taken a name ‘Maria Fyodorovna’ was an exemplary spouse and representant of ‘golden youth’. She won Russian people over and became renowned for her leniency, charm and good influence that she exerted over her husband. The marriage resulted in 6 children of which, 5 survived into aduldhood, including future Nicholas II. Upon assassination of  his father-in-law, Alexander II, she became Tsaritsa, but lived isolated and sheltered in Gatchina due to fear of attempts of  assassination. When her son, not mastered in arts of rule, Nicholas II ascended on the throne, she played a significant role as his adviser and fall afoul of her daughter-in-law, Alexandra Fyodorovna, shy, withdrawn and religious princess from Hesse. Maria, despite all efforts to understand Alexandra, never managed to trust her and get along with her. In 1899, she was deeply affected by premature death of her beloved son, Georgy, who had been living alone in Georgia due to his uncurable tuberculosis. As Dowager Empress, Minnie get involved herself in charity and still kept her position and respect. After the October Revolution, she settled down in Denmark and refused to believe in death of her sons, Nicholas and Mikhail and Nicholas II’s family at the hands of Bolsheviks. She passed away surrounded by her only alive children, Xenia and Olga, on 1928. She outlived all her sons (Alexander, Georgy, Mikhail, Nicholas)

(i used picture of Sophia Alexeyevna for Miloslavskaya and picture of unknown lady for Maria Alexeyevna) 

[heavyarethecrowns]

Those that have married in to Royal Families since 1800

Monaco

Ernst August, Prince of Hanover, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg (Ernst August Albert Paul Otto Rupprecht Oskar Berthold Friedrich-Ferdinand Christian-Ludwig Prinz von Hannover Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg Königlicher Prinz von Großbritannien und Irland) born 26 February 1954

Ernst August was born in Hanover, the eldest son of Ernst August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick and his first wife, Princess Ortrud of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

As the senior male-line descendant of George III of the United Kingdom, Ernst August is head of the House of Hanover, the surviving junior branch of the medieval House of Welf, which itself is the older branch of the House of Este, a dynasty whose earliest known members lived in Lombardy in the late 9th/early 10th century and which, in its younger branch, ruled Ferrara (1240–1597) and the Duchy of Modena-Reggio (1288–1796) in Italy.

 The title of Prince of Great Britain and Ireland was recognised ad personam for Ernst August's father and his father's siblings by King George V of the United Kingdom on 17 June 1914. The hereditary Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale and the Earldom of Armagh, borne in 1917 by his paternal great-grandfather, were suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917. However, the title Royal Prince of Great Britain and Ireland had been entered into the family's German passports, together with the German titles, in 1914. After the German Revolution of 1918–19, with the abolishment of nobility's privileges, titles officially became parts of the last name. So, curiously, the British prince's title is still part of the family's last name in their German passports, while it is no longer mentioned in their British documents.

On 29 August 1931, Ernst August's grandfather Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, as head of the House of Hanover, declared the formal resumption, for himself and his dynastic descendants, of use of his former British princely title as a secondary title of pretense, which style, "Royal Prince of Great Britain and Ireland", his grandson Ernst August continues to claim. As heir of the last Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale and Earl of Armagh, Ernst August has the right to petition under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917 for the restoration of his ancestors' suspended British peerages, but he has not done so. His father, also called Ernst August, did, however, successfully claim British nationality after World War II by virtue of a hitherto overlooked (and since repealed) provision of the Sophia Naturalization Act 1705 (Attorney-General v HRH Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover [1957] 1 All ER 49). However, a problem arose as foreign royal titles can't be entered into a British passport. Therefore, the titles Prince of Hanover, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg could not be mentioned there, nor could the British titles due to the Titles Deprivation Act of 1917. The name which was finally entered into his father's British documents, was thus Ernest Augustus Guelph, with the addition of His Royal Highness. Guelph is thus also the British last name of Ernst August and accordingly of his siblings and children, all styled Royal Highnesses in the United Kingdom.

Ernst August is also a great-grandson of the last German emperor, Emperor Wilhelm II. His father's sister was Frederica of Hanover, sometime queen consort of the Hellenes, and he is thus a first cousin of both ex-King Constantine II and his sister, Queen Sophia, whose husband Juan Carlos I abdicated his throne in favour of their son, Felipe VI of Spain in 2014. Ernst August's uncle, Prince George William of Hanover, married Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark, a sister of the future royal consort Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, evoking in 1946 the only known case of a British monarch, George VI, withholding requested permission for a kinsman's marriage under the Royal Marriages Act 1772 (on the advice of his Government as a result of World War II's hostilities). It was held by British officials at the time that the marriage and its issue would not be legitimate in the United Kingdom despite being legal in Germany.

By a 24 August 1981 declaration issued by his father as the Head of House, pursuant to Chapter 3, §§ 3 and 5 of the House laws of 1836, Ernst August was authorised to marry dynastically, and did firstly marry, civilly on 28 August 1981 and religiously on 30 August 1981, Chantal Hochuli, the daughter and heiress of a Swiss real estate developer. They had two sons: Prince Ernst August Andreas Philipp Constantin Maximilian Rolf Stephan Ludwig Rudolph (born 19 July 1983) Prince Christian Heinrich Clemens Paul Frank Peter Welf Wilhelm-Ernst Friedrich Franz (born 1 June 1985) Ernst August and Chantal Hochuli divorced on 23 October 1997. 

He married secondly, civilly in Monaco on 23 January 1999, Princess Caroline of Monaco, who was at the time expecting the birth of their child: Princess Alexandra Charlotte Ulrike Maryam Virginia (born 20 July 1999)

As he was born in the male line of George II of Great Britain, he sought permission to marry pursuant to the British Royal Marriages Act 1772, which would not be repealed until the Succession to the Crown Act 2013 took effect on 26 March 2015. On 11 January 1999, Queen Elizabeth II issued a Declaration in Council, "My Lords, I do hereby declare My Consent to a Contract of Matrimony between His Royal Highness Prince Ernst August Albert of Hanover, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg and Her Serene Highness Princess Caroline Louise Marguerite of Monaco..." Without the Royal Assent, the marriage would have been void in Britain where Ernst August's family owns property and his lawful descendants remain in succession to both the British crown and the two suspended peerages. Similarly the Monégasque court officially notified the government of France of Caroline's marriage to Ernst August, receiving assurance that there was no objection in compliance with the (since defunct) Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1918. Moreover, in order for Caroline to retain her claim to the throne of Monaco and to transmit succession rights to future offspring, the couple were also obliged to obtain the approval of yet a third nation, in the form of official consent to the marriage of Caroline's father, Prince Rainier III as the sovereign of Monaco.

Nonetheless, Caroline was a Roman Catholic and Ernst August the heir male of George III when the couple wed, at which time a provision of the Act of Settlement 1701 stipulated that in the event the British crown is to devolve upon an heir married to "a Papist", that heir is permanently disabled from succeeding to the throne, which would pass instead to the next Protestant in the order of succession who had not been married to a Roman Catholic. The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 repealed that marital restriction (also embodied in the Bill of Rights 1689), with retroactive effect, as of 26 March 2015.

Ernst August's younger brother Prince Ludwig Rudolph of Hanover and his wife, Princess Isabella of Hanover (1962–1988), died tragically. On 28 November 1988, while authorities removed Princess Isabella's body from The Queen's Villa in Gmunden, Austria, a house owned by Ernst August which he had left to his brother and sister-in-law, and investigated the drug strewn scene, Ludwig Rudolph, distraught over his wife's apparently accidental cocaine overdose, placed a call to his brother in London, imploring him to take care of the couple's 10-month-old son. Then he fled. Hours later Ludwig Rudolph was found dead, apparently a victim of suicide, near his family's hunting lodge several miles away, on Lake Traun.Custody of their infant son Otto Heinrich was eventually awarded, contrary to the expressed wishes of Ludwig Rudolph as the surviving parent and Ernst August's legal efforts, to the child's maternal grandparents, Count Ariprand and Countess Maria von Thurn und Valsassina-Como-Vercelli, to be raised at their family seat, Bleiburg Castle in southern Austria.

After their marriage, Ernst August and Caroline moved to Le Mée-sur-Seine, France, where they had purchased an 18th-century manor house from their friend Karl Lagerfeld. Their daughter went to kindergarten and prep-school there, while the family used Caroline's house in Monte Carlo and Ernst August's hunting lodge near Gmunden, Austria, as secondary homes. In September 2009 it was reported in the French and English press that Ernst August has been living separately from his wife Caroline, who had returned to Monaco while he moved to Austria. The manor house in France was subsequently sold, just as had been Hurlingham Lodge in London, after the divorce from his first wife.

He was photographed urinating on the Turkish Pavilion at the Expo 2000 event in Hanover, causing a diplomatic incident and a complaint from the Turkish embassy accusing him of insulting the Turkish people. He successfully sued those who published (Bild-Zeitung) the photograph for invasion of privacy, obtaining an award of 9,900 euros, although the paper had previously published a photo of Ernst August urinating outside a hospital in Austria.

In 2004, he was convicted of aggravated assault and causing grievous bodily harm after supposedly beating a man with a knuckleduster. He has demanded a retrial for the case on the basis of false evidence. His lawyers have publicly stated that he has never owned a knuckleduster in his life nor held one in his hand.

In 2004, Ernst August had signed over his German property to his elder son, including Marienburg Castle, the agricultural estate of Calenberg Castle, the "Princely House" at Herrenhausen Gardens in Hanover and some forests near Blankenburg Castle (Harz) which he had re-purchased in former East Germany after the German reunification of 1990. At the time, Ernst-August’s wealth was estimated as high as $250 million. Since then, the younger Ernst August has taken over many representative tasks on behalf of his father. The latter remained in charge of the Austrian family assets. 

In 2013 however, Ernst August was removed from the chairmanship of a family foundation based in Liechtenstein which holds the properties near Gmunden in Austria, the Hanovers' main residence in exile after 1866 when their Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia. Instead, the younger Ernst August was put in charge, reportedly for negligence on part of his father, at the initiative of the foundation's trustee Prince Michael of Liechtenstein. The foundation manages vast forests, a game park, a hunting lodge, the Queen's Villa and other property. In 2017 Ernst August filed legal action to recover his chairmanship, and he intends to revoke the bestowal of his German property. Due to this dispute over family assets, he also declared his intention to withhold consent for his son's marriage to Ekaterina Malysheva which he did not attend.

On Monday, 3 April 2005, Ernst August was admitted to hospital with acute pancreatitis. The next day, he fell into a deep coma, two days before the death of his father-in-law, Rainier III, Prince of Monaco. On Friday, 8 April 2005, hospital officials reported that he was no longer in a coma but remained in intensive care. A report the same day on BBC World described his condition as "serious but not irreversible." On 9 April 2005, according to a report on BBC, a hospital spokesman reported that Ernst August was receiving "permanent medical care." After his release he was subsequently seen in public with his wife. In an interview he admitted at the time that his health crisis was caused by his hyperactive lifestyle and problems with alcohol

[madamlaydebug]

Committee of300 Abdullah II King of Jordan Roman Abramovich Josef Ackermann Edward Adeane Marcus Agius Martti Ahtisaari Daniel Akerson Albert II King of Belgium Alexander Crown Prince of Yugoslavia Giuliano Amato Carl A. Anderson Giulio Andreotti Andrew Duke of York Anne Princess Royal Nick Anstee Timothy Garton Ash William Waldorf Astor Pyotr Aven Jan Peter Balkenende Steve Ballmer Ed Balls Jose Manuel Barroso Beatrix Queen of the Netherlands Marek Belka C. Fred Bergsten Silvio Berlusconi Ben Bernanke Nils Bernstein Donald Berwick Carl Bildt Sir Winfried Bischoff Tony Blair Lloyd Blankfein Leonard Blavatnik Michael Bloomberg Frits Bolkestein Hassanal Bolkiah Michael C Bonello Emma Bonino David L. Boren Borwin Duke of Mecklenburg  Charles Bronfman Edgar Jr. Bronfman John Bruton Zbigniew Brzezinski Robin Budenberg Warren Buffett George HW Bush David Cameron Camilla Duchess of Cornwall Fernando Henrique Cardoso Peter Carington Carl XVI Gustaf King of Sweden Carlos Duke of Parma Mark Carney Cynthia Carroll Jaime Caruana Sir William Castell Anson Chan Margaret Chan Norman Chan Charles Prince of Wales Richard Chartres Stefano Delle Chiaie Dr John Chipman Patokh Chodiev Christoph Prince of Schleswig-Holstein Fabrizio Cicchitto Wesley Clark Kenneth Clarke Nick Clegg Bill Clinton Abby Joseph Cohen Ronald Cohen Gary Cohn Marcantonio Colonna di Paliano Duke of Paliano Marcantonio Colonna di Paliano Duke of Paliano Constantijn Prince of the Netherlands Constantine II King of Greece David Cooksey Brian Cowen Sir John Craven Andrew Crockett Uri Dadush Tony D'Aloisio Alistair Darling Sir Howard Davies Etienne Davignon David Davis Benjamin de Rothschild David Rene de Rothschild Evelyn de Rothschild Leopold de Rothschild Joseph Deiss Oleg Deripaska Michael Dobson Mario Draghi Jan Du Plessis William C. Dudley Wim Duisenberg Edward Duke of Kent Edward Earl of Wessex Elizabeth II Queen of the United Kingdom John Elkann Vittorio Emanuele Prince of Naples Ernst August Prince of Hanover Martin Feldstein Matthew Festing François Fillon Heinz Fischer Joschka Fischer Stanley Fischer Niall FitzGerald Franz Duke of Bavaria Mikhail Fridman Friso Prince of Orange-Nassau Bill Gates Christopher Geidt Timothy Geithner Georg Friedrich Prince of Prussia Dr Chris Gibson-Smith Mikhail Gorbachev Al Gore Allan Gotlieb Stephen Green Alan Greenspan Gerald Grosvenor 6th Duke of Westminster Jose Angel Gurria William Hague Sir Philip Hampton Hans-Adam II Prince of Liechtenstein Harald V King of Norway Stephen Harper François Heisbourg Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg Philipp Hildebrand Carla Anderson Hills Richard Holbrooke Patrick Honohan Alan Howard Alijan Ibragimov Stefan Ingves Walter Isaacson Juan Carlos King of Spain Kenneth M. Jacobs DeAnne Julius Jean-Claude Juncker Peter Kenen John Kerry Mervyn King Glenys Kinnock Henry Kissinger Malcolm Knight William H. Koon II Paul Krugman John Kufuor Giovanni Lajolo Anthony Lake Richard Lambert Pascal Lamy Jean-Pierre Landau Timothy Laurence   Arthur Levitt Michael Levy Joe Lieberman Ian Livingston Lee Hsien Loong Lorenz of Belgium Glenys Kinnock Henry Kissinger Malcolm Knight William H. Koon II Paul Krugman John Kufuor Giovanni Lajolo Anthony Lake Richard Lambert Pascal Lamy Jean-Pierre Landau Timothy Laurence James Leigh-Pemberton Leka Crown Prince of Albania Mark Leonard Peter Levene Lev Leviev Arthur Levitt Michael Levy Joe Lieberman Ian Livingston Lee Hsien Loong Lorenz of Belgium Archduke of Austria-Este Louis Alphonse Duke of Anjou Gerard Louis-Dreyfus Mabel Princess of Orange-Nassau Peter Mandelson Sir David Manning Margherita Archduchess of Austria-Este Margrethe II Queen of Denmark Guillermo Ortiz Martinez Alexander Mashkevitch Stefano Massimo Prince of Roccasecca dei Volsci Fabrizio Massimo-Brancaccio Prince of Arsoli and Triggiano William Joseph McDonough Mack McLarty Yves Mersch Michael Prince of Kent Michael King of Romania David Miliband Ed Miliband Lakshmi Mittal Glen Moreno Moritz Prince and Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel Rupert Murdoch Charles Napoleon Jacques Nasser Robin Niblett Vincent Nichols Adolfo Nicolas Christian Noyer Sammy Ofer Alexandra Ogilvy Lady Ogilvy David Ogilvy 13th Earl of Airlie Jorma Ollila Nicky Oppenheimer George Osborne Frederic Oudea Sir John Parker Chris Patten Michel Pebereau Gareth Penny Shimon Peres Philip Duke of Edinburgh Dom Duarte Pio Duke of Braganza Karl Otto Pohl Colin Powell Mikhail Prokhorov Guy Quaden Anders Fogh Rasmussen Joseph Alois Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI) David Reuben Simon Reuben William R. Rhodes Susan Rice Richard Duke of Gloucester Sir Malcolm Rifkind Sir John Ritblat Stephen S. Roach Mary Robinson David Rockefeller Jr. David Rockefeller Sr. Nicholas Rockefeller Javier Echevarria Rodriguez Kenneth Rogoff Jean-Pierre Roth Jacob Rothschild David Rubenstein Robert Rubin Francesco Ruspoli 10th Prince of Cerveteri Joseph Safra Moises Safra Peter Sands Nicolas Sarkozy Isaac Sassoon James Sassoon Sir Robert John Sawers Marjorie Scardino Klaus Schwab Karel Schwarzenberg Stephen A. Schwarzman Sidney Shapiro Nigel Sheinwald Sigismund Grand Duke of Tuscany Archduke of Austria Simeon of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Olympia Snowe Sofia Queen of Spain George Soros Arlen Specter Ernest Stern Dennis Stevenson Tom Steyer Joseph Stiglitz Dominique Strauss-Kahn Jack Straw Peter Sutherland Mary Tanner Ettore Gotti Tedeschi Mark Thompson Dr. James Thomson  Hans Tietmeyer Jean-Claude Trichet Paul Tucker Herman Van Rompuy Alvaro Uribe Velez Alfons Verplaetse Kaspar Villiger Maria Vladimirovna Grand Duchess of Russia Paul Volcker Otto von Habsburg Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Sultan of Brunei Sir David Walker Jacob Wallenberg John Walsh Max Warburg Axel Alfred Weber Michael David Weill Nout Wellink Marina von Neumann Whitman Willem-Alexander Prince of Orange William Prince of Wales Dr Rowan Williams Shirley Williams David Wilson James Wolfensohn Neal S. Wolin Harry Woolf R. James Jr. Woolsey Sir Robert Worcester Sarah Wu Robert Zoellick Most of the names listed above are of Jewish lineage 

[mariannepeiper]

König Christian IX. von Dänemark (1818-1906) war der vierte Sohn des Herzogs Wilhelm von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1785-1831) und dessen Gattin Herzogin Luise Caroline (1789-1867), Tochter des Landgrafen Karl von Hessen-Kassel und dessen Gemahlin Prinzessin Louise, Tochter von König Frederik V. (1723-1766). Als am 15. November 1863 der dänische König Frederik VII. aus dem Herrscherhaus Oldenburg starb, und die Oldenburger Linie keine männliche Thronerben zur verfügung hattte, trat gemäß dem Londoner Protokoll von 1852 der damalige Prinz Christian von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg die Nachfolge des verstorbenen Königs an und wurde somit Stammvater der glücksburgischen Linie, die heute auf dem dänischen Thron sitzt. Sein offizieller Titel lautete König von Dänemark, der Wenden und der Goten, Herzog von Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Dithmarschen, Lauenburg und Oldenburg. Am 26. Mai heiratete er auf Schloß Amalienborg in Kopenhagen Prinzessin Louise von Hessen-Kassel (1817-1898), Tochter des Titular-Landgrafen Wilhelm von Hessen-Kassel-Rumpenheim (1787-1867) und dessen Gemahlin Prinzessin Louise Charlotte von Dänemark (1789-1864), Tochter von Erbprinz Frederik von Dänemark und Norwegen (1753-1805). Das Königspaar bekam sechs Nachkommen. Der älteste Sohn und Thronfolger Frederik VIII. (1843-1912) heiratete Prinzessin Luise Josephine (1851-1926), die Tochter König Karls XV. von Schweden und von Norwegen ab 1859 bis 1872. Die Tochter Alexandra (1844-1925) war mit dem späteren König Edward VII. von Großbritannien (1841-1910) verheiratet, und die Tochter Dagmar wurde durch Heirat mit dem russischen Kaiser Alexander III. Alexandrowitsch (1845-1894) Kaiserin mit dem Namen Maria Fjodorowna. Die Tochter Thyra (1853-1933) heiratete den Herzog August von Cumberland und Braunschweig (1845-1923). Der zweite Sohn, Wilhelm (1845-1913), wurde 1863 als Georg I. König von Griechenland, und der dritte Sohn, Waldemar (1858-1939), lehnte den bulgarischen und norwegischen Thron ab. Im Jahr 1905 wurde Prinz Carl von Dänemark und Island (1872-1957), ein Enkel des Königs Christian IX., unter dem Namen Haakon VII. König von Norwegen. Damit war das dänische Königshaus mit vielen regierenden Fürstenhäuser Europas direkt verwandt, was dem König später den Beinamen "Schwiegervater Europas" einbrachte. So ist er beispielsweise der Urgroßvater von Prinz Philip, Duke of Edinburgh und zugleich Ururgroßvater von dessen Gemahlin Königin Elizabeth II. von Großbritannien. - Gemälde von Ole Henrik Benedictus Olrik (1830-1890). Aus: Kongernes Samling - Amalienborg Slot, Kopenhagen, Dänemark.

[countvonreutern]

Wishing Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II a very happy 94th birthday today!

Head of the Commonwealth, Head of the Armed Forces, Head of State in 16 countries and the longest-reigning monarch in British History. Wife, mother, grandmother and great-grandmother.

To those of you also celebrating your birthdays today at home during this unprecedented and very difficult time, with or without your loved ones - His Serene Highness The Count of Munnich and Reutern sends you many happy returns.

[royaltyandpomp]

THE MOTHER

H.R.H. Princess Benedikte of Denmark and H.S.H. Princess Alexandra zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, later Countess von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth

[universallycrownpirate]

US-Präsident Barack Obama nimmt den Friedensnobelpreis im Rathaus Oslo entgegen. Sonja, Königin von Norwegen (* 4. Juli 1937 als Sonja Haraldsen in Oslo) ist die Ehefrau von König Harald V. von Norwegen. Sie ist als Kunstsammlerin und Künstlerin tätig. Harald V. von Norwegen (* 21. Februar 1937 auf Gut Skaugum, Asker) ist seit dem Tod seines Vaters Olav V. am 17. Januar 1991 König von Norwegen. Kronprinz Harald heiratete am 29. August 1968 die aus bürgerlichen Verhältnissen stammende Sonja Haraldsen im Osloer Dom. Sein Vater hatte ihm die Zustimmung zur Ehe erst nach neun Jahren erteilt, da er fürchtete, eine bürgerliche Ehe könne die Zukunft der Monarchie in Norwegen gefährden. Das Königspaar gehört der evangelisch-lutherischen Volkskirche an. Es hat zwei Kinder, Prinzessin Märtha Louise und Kronprinz Haakon. König Harald ist mittlerweile fünffacher Großvater. Sein Sohn, Kronprinz Haakon und dessen Frau, Kronprinzessin Mette-Marit, sind seit dem 21. Januar 2004 Eltern von Prinzessin Ingrid Alexandra von Norwegen, am 3. Dezember 2005 kam der erste Sohn des Kronprinzenpaares, Prinz Sverre Magnus zur Welt. Haralds Tochter, Prinzessin Märtha Louise, gebar am 29. April 2003 ihre erste Tochter Maud Angelica Behn; am 8. April 2005 folgte Leah Isadora und am 29. September 2008 Emma Tallulah. Wie die Kinder der Schwestern des Königs tragen die Mädchen keine Titel als Prinzessinnen und führen auch nicht die Anrede Königliche Hoheit; letzteres trifft auch für das jüngste Kind des Kronprinzpaares, Prinz Sverre, zu. König Harald V. entstammt dem Haus Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, einer Nebenlinie des Hauses Oldenburg. Er ist der Sohn König Olavs V. und Königin Märthas von Norwegen, einer geborenen Prinzessin von Schweden. Er hat zwei ältere Schwestern, Ragnhild und Astrid. Harald ist der erste in Norwegen geborene norwegische König seit Olav IV. im Jahr 1370. Sein Wahlspruch, wie auch der seines Großvaters und Vaters, lautet Alt for Norge („Alles für Norwegen“). Der junge Prinz Harald lebte während des Zweiten Weltkriegs zunächst einige Monate in Schweden, später in Maryland in den USA, kehrte aber mit seiner Familie am 7. Juni 1945 nach Norwegen zurück. Er besuchte eine staatliche Volksschule, die Smestad skole, später die Oslo Katedralskole, wo er sein Examen Artium (Abitur) ablegte. Er beendete seine Ausbildung an der norwegischen Militärakademie und dem Balliol College in Oxford im Vereinigten Königreich. Als König Håkon VII. 1957 starb, wurde Prinz Haralds Vater Olav V. König und er selbst Kronprinz. Bereits 1958 fungierte er als Kronprinzregent im statsråd während der Abwesenheit seines Vaters. Sportliches Engagement Als Regattasegler vertrat König Harald V. Norwegen in mehreren Yachtsport-Wettbewerben. Er war Teilnehmer als Segler bei den Olympischen Spielen 1964, 1968 und 1972. Bei den Olympischen Spielen 1964 in Tokio war er zudem der Träger der norwegischen Flagge. Der Monarch ist seit Jahrzehnten nicht nur begeisterter, sondern auch erfolgreicher Hochseesegler. 1987 wurde er Segelweltmeister mit seiner Yacht Fram X. 2005 gewann er in Schweden mit Fram XV die IMS-Europameisterschaft. Harald V. segelt in der sogenannten Non-Corinthian-Class, also mit einer Proficrew. Der König segelt auch die 1938 gebaute 8mR-Yacht Sira sehr erfolgreich als Steuermann. Mit ihr wurde er 2008 in Hankø (Norwegen) Weltmeister. Bei der Weltmeisterschaft 2018 auf dem Bodensee belegte er mit Sira den dritten Platz. König Harald V. setzte sich intensiv für die Vergabe der Olympischen Winterspiele 1994 nach Lillehammer ein.

[bild-de-blog1]

William, Duke of Cambridge – Wikipedia

William, Duke of Cambridge – Wikipedia

HRH Prince William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, KG, KT, PC, ADC(P) (* 21. Juni 1982 in London), bekannt als Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (dt.: Prinz William, Herzog von Cambridge), ist Prinz des Vereinigten Königreichs Großbritannien und Nordirland. Er ist ein Enkel von Königin Elisabeth II. und Prinz Philip und gehört über seinen Vater und Großvater auch dem Haus Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg an, einer Nebenlinie des Hauses Oldenburg. Sein vollständiger Titel lautet seit dem 9. Juni 2016 His Royal Highness Prince William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus, KG, KT, PC, ADC(P). Er ist mit Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge verheiratet.

Prinz William (ganz links) mit seinen Großeltern, Cousins und Cousinen und Bruder Harry, 1987 Prinz William wurde als ältester Sohn von Prinzessin Diana („Lady Di“) und Prinz Charles, Prince of Wales im St Mary’s Hospital im Londoner Stadtteil Paddington geboren. Er ist Enkel der britischen Königin Elisabeth II. William hat einen jüngeren Bruder, Harry, sowie einen Stiefbruder, Thomas Parker-Bowles, und eine Stiefschwester, Laura Parker-Bowles, die aus der ersten Ehe seiner Stiefmutter Camilla mit Andrew Parker-Bowles stammen. Seine Eltern trennten sich offiziell 1992. Seine Mutter Diana kam 1997 bei einem Autounfall in Paris ums Leben. Nach seinem Vater Prinz Charles steht er an zweiter Stelle der britischen Thronfolge. Prinz William wurde am 4. August 1982 im Musikzimmer des Buckingham-Palastes von Robert Runcie, dem Erzbischof von Canterbury, getauft. Seine Taufpaten waren Ex-König Konstantin II. von Griechenland, Sir Laurens van der Post, Prinzessin Alexandra, Natalia Grosvenor, Duchess of Westminster, Norton Knatchbull, 8. Baron Brabourne, und Lady Susan Hussey. Am 9. März 1997 wurde Prinz William in der St.-Georgs-Kapelle in Schloss Windsor gefirmt. Er ist damit Mitglied der Church of England, deren Oberhaupt die Königin ist.

Ausbildung[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Ab 1985 besuchte er den Kindergarten Mrs Mynor’s Nursery School. William erhielt seine Schulausbildung von 1987 bis 1990 auf der Wetherby School in London und von 1990 bis 1995 auf der Ludgrove School in Berkshire. Von 1995 bis 2000 besuchte er das elitäre Eton College. Den Schulabschluss legte er in den Fächern Geographie, Biologie und Kunstgeschichte ab („A-Level Certificate“, etwa vergleichbar dem deutschen Abitur). Im Jahr nach seinem Schulabschluss arbeitete er ehrenamtlich einige Monate bei einem Hilfsprojekt in Chile und in einem landwirtschaftlichen Betrieb in England. Im September 2001 begann William ein vierjähriges Studium der Kunstgeschichte an der St Andrews University in Schottland. Nach zwei Jahren wechselte er 2003 zum Fach Geographie, das er im Juni 2005 erfolgreich mit einem schottischen Master of Arts abschloss. Seine Abschlussarbeit hatte die Korallenriffe von Rodrigues im Indischen Ozean zum Thema. Im Herbst 2005 absolvierte er einige Praktika.

Militärdienst[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Am 8. Januar 2006 wurde er als Offiziersanwärter (Officer Cadet) in die Militärakademie Sandhurst aufgenommen, in der sein jüngerer Bruder Harry bereits seit Mai 2005 ausgebildet wurde. In der Armee wird er unter dem Namen William Wales geführt.[1][2] Am 15. Dezember 2006 verließ Prinz William nach erfolgreicher Ausbildung die Akademie Sandhurst. Die Abschlussparade fand in Anwesenheit der Queen Elisabeth II. statt. Bei dieser Parade wurde er zum Leutnant (Second Lieutenant) ernannt. Als Second Lieutenant William Wales diente er von Januar 2007 bis Januar 2008 im Gardekavallerieregiment „Blues and Royals“. Von Januar bis April 2008 absolvierte er eine viermonatige Pilotenausbildung bei der Royal Air Force.[3] Am 17. Januar 2008 unternahm er seinen ersten Alleinflug[4] und am 11. April 2008 wurde William, der zu diesem Zeitpunkt den Dienstgrad eines Flying Officer (entspricht einem Oberleutnant) hatte, von seinem Vater das Abzeichen der Royal Air Force, die sogenannten wings (englisch für Flügel), überreicht.[5] Im April 2008 wurde der Prinz für mehrere Übungsflüge in einem Militärhubschrauber kritisiert, da diese Flüge meist ein privates Ziel, wie den Landsitz seiner Partnerin Kate Middleton oder den Junggesellenabschied seines Cousins, Peter Phillips, hatten.[6] Im Sommer 2008 sammelte er Erfahrungen auf der Fregatte der Royal Navy HMS Iron Duke in der Karibik.[7]2009 und 2010 absolvierte William eine Ausbildung von 20 Monaten zum Hubschrauberpiloten an der Defence Helicopter Flying School der Royal Air Force im westenglischen Shawbury[8]. Dort hatte er den Rang eines Flight Lieutenant (Hauptmann). An diese Ausbildung schloss sich ein Dienst bei einer „Search and Rescue“-Einheit auf dem RAF-Stützpunkt Valley[8] auf der Insel Anglesey in Wales an, der von 2010 bis September 2013 andauerte. Unter anderem war er dort im November 2011 als Copilot eines Rettungshubschraubers an der Bergung von Schiffbrüchigen beim Untergang des Frachters Swanland beteiligt. Anfang 2012 hatte er einen sechswöchigen Einsatz auf den Falklandinseln.[9]Am 10. Februar 2011 wurde Prinz William zum Colonel-in-Chief (Ehrenoberst) der Irish Guards ernannt.[10]Im September 2013 beschloss Prinz William, wenige Wochen nach der Geburt seines Sohnes, seine militärische Karriere zu beenden und sich fortan vor allem karitativen Aufgaben zu widmen.[11] Ehe und Familie[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] William und Catherine am Tag ihrer Hochteit am 29. April 2011 Seit Ende 2002 hatte Prinz William, mit einer Unterbrechung 2007, mit der Unternehmerstochter Catherine „Kate“ Middleton eine Beziehung. Am 16. November 2010 wurde bekannt gegeben, dass sich das Paar im Oktober dieses Jahres auf einer Kenia-Reise verlobt hatte.[12][13] Die Hochzeit fand am 29. April 2011 in der Westminster Abbey in London statt. Der Kensington-Palast wurde nach einem Umbau zum neuen Domizil der Eheleute.[14]Am 3. Dezember 2012 wurde bestätigt, dass das Paar sein erstes Kind erwartet.[15] Am 31. Dezember 2012 erließ Königin Elisabeth per Letters Patent, dass alle Kinder von William und Kate die Titel Prinz/essin und die Anrede „Königliche Hoheit“ erhalten. Zuvor war dies den Kindern und Enkeln des Monarchen vorbehalten.[16] Der Sohn wurde am 22. Juli 2013 in London geboren und trägt den Namen George Alexander Louis.[17] Er steht an dritter Stelle der Thronfolge. Am 8. September 2014 wurde bekannt, dass das Paar ein zweites Kind erwartet. Am 2. Mai 2015 wurde eine Tochter geboren; sie trägt den Namen Charlotte Elizabeth Diana of Cambridge. Sie steht an vierter Stelle der Thronfolge.[18][19] Am 4. September 2017 wurde bekannt gegeben, dass Kate erneut schwanger ist. Am 23. April 2018 wurde in London Louis Arthur Charles geboren, welcher Platz 5 der Thronfolge einnimmt.[20] Hinter den drei Kindern ist deren Onkel Prinz Harry sechster der britischen Thronfolge.

Offizielle Aufgaben[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Der Prinz ist immer bei gemeinschaftlichen Auftritten der königlichen Familie, wie Trooping the Colour, anwesend. 2005 unternahm er in Vertretung der Königin einen Staatsbesuch in Neuseeland. 2008 besuchte er britische Truppen in Afghanistan.[21]Er ist Schirmherr oder Vorsitzender von neun gemeinnützigen Organisationen: Centrepoint (Hilfe für junge Obdachlose), The Tusk Trust (Hilfe für Afrika), The Football Association, The Welsh Rugby Union, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Mountain Rescue (Bergrettung), English School’s Swimming Association, The Lord Mayor’s Appeal und City Salute Appeal (Unterstützung für verletzte Soldaten). Im Dezember 2009 verbrachte Prinz William eine Nacht in der Londoner Innenstadt, um besser nachvollziehen zu können, wie ein Obdachloser lebt.[22]Am 30. Juni 2011 trafen der königliche Prinz und seine Ehefrau zur ersten offiziellen Auslandsreise der beiden seit ihrer Hochzeit in Kanada ein. In der Hauptstadt Ottawa beging das Herzogspaar in Vertretung von Williams Großmutter in ihrer Eigenschaft als Königin von Kanada den kanadischen Nationalfeiertag am 1. Juli.[23] In Montreal protestierten mehrere Dutzend Monarchiegegner gegen die Besucher aus Großbritannien. Sie fühlen sich als Frankokanadier unterdrückt und forderten die Ausrufung einer Republik Kanada. Am dritten Tag des ersten offiziellen Auslandsbesuchs der Cambridges protestierten Separatisten im französischsprachigen Québec gegen die „königlichen Parasiten“.[24] Auch während des zweitägigen Besuchs in Québec hatte das Ehepaar die dort weit verbreitete Ablehnung der britischen Krone zu spüren bekommen. Etwa 200 Demonstranten versammelten sich vor dem Rathaus der Stadt, wo das Paar an einer offiziellen Zeremonie teilnahm. Die Anti-Royalisten skandierten unter anderem „William, hau’ ab“ und „Nieder mit der Monarchie“.[25] Im direkten Anschluss an den neuntägigen Besuch in Kanada folgte ein dreitägiger Aufenthalt in Los Angeles, wo eine Gala für britische Film- und Fernsehstars in Hollywood auf dem Programm stand.[26]Am 23. August 2016, zum 70. Jahrestag der Gründung Nordrhein-Westfalens, nahm Prinz William als höchster Vertreter des Vereinigten Königreichs an den staatlichen Feierlichkeiten in Düsseldorf teil.[27] Vom 19. bis 21. Juli 2017 besuchte der Prinz erstmals mit seiner Familie Deutschland, wobei die Kinder nicht am offiziellen Programm teilnahmen. William und seine Ehefrau besuchten Berlin, Heidelberg und Hamburg. Sie trafen u. a. mit Bundeskanzlerin Angela Merkel und Bundespräsident Frank-Walter Steinmeier zusammen.[28][29][30] Experten schätzten den Besuch als Teil einer „Brexit-Diplomatie“ ein, um trotz des EU-Austritts die Verbindungen zu Europa zu stärken. Der britische Botschafter Sir Sebastian Wood erklärte, es sei „[…] der Anfang eines langen Verhältnisses zwischen dieser neuen Generation der Königsfamilie und Deutschland“ und es werde in Zukunft viele solcher Besuche geben.[31] Patenschaften[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Prinz William hat drei Patenkinder: Konstantinos-Alexios von Griechenland und Dänemark (geboren 1998 als Sohn von Kronprinz Paul von Griechenland und Marie-Chantal Miller), Tom Pettifer (geboren 2002 als Sohn von Charles Pettifer und Alexandra (genannt Tiggy) Legge-Bourke, dem früheren Kindermädchen des Prinzen) und Grace van Cutsem (geboren 2007 als Tochter von Hugh van Cutsem und Rose Astor).[32] Interessen[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten] Prinz William bei einem Polospiel in Sandhurst (2007) Der Prinz ist sehr sportlich: Er schwimmt, reitet, spielt Tennis, Rugby, Hockey, Fußball, Basketball und Golf. An Polo-Turnieren nimmt er häufig teil. In seiner Schulzeit war er in der Schwimmmannschaft, im Chor und in einer Theatergruppe. Im Studium war er Mitglied des Wasserballteams der schottischen Universitäten und nahm an Wettkämpfen teil. Jedes Jahr fährt er mit seinem Vater, seinem Bruder und seiner Ehefrau Ski in Klosters-Serneus (Kanton Graubünden), Schweiz.

Seine Königliche Hoheit Prinz William Arthur Philip Louis von Wales (21. Juni 1982 – 5. Mai 2008) Second Lieutenant William Wales (15. Dezember 2006 – 10. Februar 2011) Seine Königliche Hoheit Prinz William Arthur Philip Louis von Wales, KG (5. Mai 2008 – 29. April 2011) Seine Königliche Hoheit William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus, KG (26. Mai 2011 – 25. Juni 2012[33]) Seine Königliche Hoheit William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus, KG, KT (25. Juni 2012 – 17. März 2013[34]) Seine Königliche Hoheit William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus, KG, KT, ADC(P) (seit 17. März 2013[35]) Seine Königliche Hoheit William Arthur Philip Louis, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus, KG, KT, PC, ADC(P) (seit 9. Juni 2016[35]) Am 5. Mai 2008 wurde der Prinz von seiner Großmutter Königin Elisabeth II. als 1000. Mitglied in den Hosenbandorden aufgenommen. Als Earl of Strathearn wurde er am 29. Mai 2012 in den schottischen Distelorden aufgenommen.

Ahnentafel Prince William, Duke of Cambridge Ururgroßeltern

König Georg I. (Griechenland)(1845–1913)∞ 1867Olga Romanowa(1851–1926)

Louis Mountbatten,1. Marquess of Milford Haven (1854–1921)∞ 1884Prinzessin Viktoria von Hessen-Darmstadt (1863–1950)

König Georg V.(1865–1936)∞ 1893Maria von Teck(1867–1953)

Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14. Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne(1855–1944)∞ 1887Cecilia Nina Cavendish-Bentinck (1862–1938)

Charles Spencer,6. Earl Spencer (1857–1922)∞ 1887The Honourable Margaret Baring

James Hamilton,3. Duke of Abercorn(1869–1953)∞ 1894Lady Rosalind Bingham (1869–1958)

James Roche, 3. Baron Fermoy(1852–1920)∞ 1880Frances Work(1857–1947)

William Smith Gill (1865–1957)∞ 1898Ruth Littlejohn (1879–1964)

Urgroßeltern

PrinzAndreas von Griechenland (1882–1944)∞ 1903Prinzessin Alice von Battenberg (1885–1969)

König Georg VI. (1895–1952)∞ 1923Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1900–2002)

Albert Spencer,7. Earl Spencer (1892–1975)∞ 1919Lady Cynthia Hamilton (1897–1972)

Maurice Roche,4. Baron Fermoy (1885–1955)∞ 1931Ruth Gill (1908–1993) Großeltern

Prinz Philip von Griechenland und Dänemark (* 1921)∞ 1947Königin Elisabeth II. (* 1926)

John Spencer, 8. Earl Spencer (1924–1992)∞ 1954–1969The Honourable Frances Roche (1936–2004)

Eltern

Charles, Prince of Wales (* 1948)∞ 1981–1996Lady Diana Spencer (1961–1997)

Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (* 1982)

Randi Reisfeld: Prinz William – Sein Leben als Englands Hoffnungsträger. Bastei Lübbe 1997 (=Bastei Lübbe Taschenbuch 12736), ISBN 3-404-12736-6 Ludwig Schubert u. Rolf Seelmann-Eggebert: Europas Königskinder. vgs 1999.

↑ William und Kate, ARD, ausgestrahlt am 24. April 2011, 19:15 Uhr.

↑ William Wales M.A. collects his degree

↑ Abgehoben: Prinz William wird Kampfpilot. In: Spiegel Online. 4. Januar 2008, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Prince William flies solo during his RAF attachment (Memento vom 20. Februar 2008 im Internet Archive)

↑ Prince William is presented with his wings by his father The Prince of Wales. In: princeofwales.gov.uk. Archiviert vom Original am 15. April 2008; abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016 (englisch). 

↑ Piloten-Prinz William: Royale Rundflüge über dem Familiensitz. In: Spiegel Online. 23. April 2008, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Piloten-Prinz William: Streicheleinheiten für den Luftikus. In: Spiegel Online. 10. Juli 2008, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ ab www.raf.mod.uk

↑ DPA-InfolineRS: Monarchie: Prinz William von den Falklandinseln zurück. In: Focus Online. 21. März 2012, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Prince William appointed as Colonel of the Irish Guards, 10 February 2011 (Memento vom 13. Februar 2011 im Internet Archive)

↑ Prinz William macht Schluss als Soldat, tz.de, 12. September 2013, abgerufen am 25. März 2014.

↑ Royal wedding: Prince William to marry Kate Middleton. In: bbc.co.uk. 16. November 2010, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016 (englisch). 

↑ Royale Trauung: Prinz William und Kate Middleton heiraten 2011. In: Spiegel Online. 16. November 2010, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Gesa Mayr: Nachwuchs für William und Kate: Komm schon, Baby. In: Spiegel Online. 3. Juli 2013, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ kurier.at

↑ Queen Elizabeth II Decrees that all of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge’s Children Will Be Princes and Princesses royalhistorian.com, 9. Januar 2013

↑ Paul Owen: Royal baby: Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to a boy – as it happened. In: theguardian.com. 22. Juli 2013, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ tz.de: Herzogin Kate ist schwanger!, abgerufen am 9. September 2014.

↑ twitter.com: Twitter-Meldung des Kensington-Palastes über die Geburt, abgerufen am 2. Mai 2015.

↑ Kensington Palace on Twitter. In: Twitter. (twitter.com [abgerufen am 23. April 2018]). 

↑ Geheimer Truppenbesuch: Prinz William fliegt nach Afghanistan. In: Spiegel Online. 30. April 2008, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Prince William sleeps out on London’s streets to raise awareness. Centrepoint news. In: centrepoint.org. Dezember 2009, archiviert vom Original am 14. März 2010; abgerufen am 2. Dezember 2015 (englisch). 

↑ Erste offizielle Auslandsreise: Prinz William und Kate besuchen Kanada. In: RP-online. 30. Juni 2011, abgerufen am 5. Juli 2011. Die Rede des Herzogs in Ottawa zum Nationalfeiertag zu sehen bei YouTube: Duke Cambridge addresses Ottawa crowd in French. Abgerufen am 5. Juli 2011.

↑ William und Kate in Quebec von Separatisten ausgebuht. In: derstandard.at. 3. Juli 2011, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016. 

↑ Québecer buhen Prinzenpaar aus. In: ntv.de. 4. Juli 2011.

↑ William and Catherine arrive in Los Angeles for three-day visit. In: The Daily Telegraph online. 9. Juli 2011, abgerufen am 28. Juli 2011 (englisch).

↑ Prinz William besuchte am 23. August 2016 Deutschland, Webseite vom 24. August 2016 im Portal gov.uk

↑ Monarchie in Germany. In: Spiegel Online. 19. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 21. Juli 2017.

↑ William und Kate rollen Brezeln in Heidelberg. In: zeit.de. 20. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 21. Juli 2017.

↑ William und Kate am letzten Tag von Deutschlandbesuch in Hamburg bejubelt. In: Die Welt online. 21. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 22. Juli 2017.

↑ Die Brexit-Diplomaten. In: Spiegel Online. 19. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 20. Juli 2017.

↑ An update on Maid of Honour and Bridesmaids, Best Man and Page Boys. The Service. In: The Royal Wedding – Prince William & Catherine Middleton – Friday 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey. The Correspondence Department, 14. Februar 2011, archiviert vom Original am 26. Juli 2012; abgerufen am 2. Dezember 2015 (englisch). 

↑ London Gazette vom 1. Juni 2011

↑ London Gazette vom 29. Juni 2012

↑ ab The Duke of Cambridge → Biography

↑ The Court Circular. In: royal.gov.uk. 22. Dezember 2016, archiviert vom Original am 23. Juni 2005; abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016 (englisch). 

↑ New appointments to the Order of the Thistle, 29 May 2012 (Memento vom 18. Oktober 2012 im Internet Archive)

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[germanaustriannoblesandroyals]

Master Post of German & Austrian Nobles and Royals

Royal and Noble Houses

House of Coburg (Cadet branch of the House of Wettin)

Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Charlotte of Belgium, The Empress of Mexico

Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, (1st marriage)

Princess Mary of Teck, The Queen of the United Kingdom & British Dominions, The Empress of India

Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, The Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary and Bohemia

Princess Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess Royal

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (wife of Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha)

Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Princess of Leiningen, The Duchess of Kent

House of Habsburg

Anna Plochl, Countess of Meran

Princess Charlotte of Belgium, The Empress of Mexico, Archduchess of Austria

Infanta Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress, The Archduchess of Austria

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth in Bavaria, The Empress of Austria

Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress

Queen Joanna of Castile, León and Aragon (Consort of Philip the Handsome, Archduke of Austria and The Duke of Burgundy)

Archduchess Johanna of Austria, The Grand Duchess of Tuscany

Kunigunde of Austria, The Duchess of Bavaria-Munich

Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Electress of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empress

Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, Princess of Lorraine and Bar

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Archduchess of Inner Austria-Styria

Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, The Electress of Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Antonia “Marie Antoinette” of Austria, The Queen of France

Archduchess Maria Leopoldina, The Empress of Brazil, The Queen of Portugal and the Algarves

The Archduchess Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia) of Austria, Holy Roman Empress

Mary, The Duchess of Burgundy

Princess Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria

Countess Sophie Chotek of Chotkowa and Wognin, The Duchess of Hohenberg

Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, The Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary and Bohemia

House of Hanover (cadet branch of the House of Welf)

Princess Adelaide (Adelheid) of Saxe-Meiningen, The Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover

Princess Caroline of Ansbach, The Queen of Great Britain

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, The Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover

Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Great Britain, Ireland and Hanover

Frederica (Friederike) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Hanover, The Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale (3rd marriage)

Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, The Queen in Prussia

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom

Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Duchess of Kent (2nd marriage)

House of Hesse

Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine aka Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia

Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark, The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia

House of Hohenzollern

Princess Anna Amalia of Prussia

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, The German Empress

Princess Augusta Victoria (Auguste Viktoria) of Schleswig-Holstein, The German Empress 

Princess Caroline of Ansbach, The Queen of Great Britain

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, The Queen of Prussia

Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, The Queen of Prussia

Frederica (Friederike) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Louis Charles of Prussia (1st marriage)

Princess Hermine Reuß, “German Empress”

Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Prussia

Princess Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, The Queen of Sweden

Princess Marie of Prussia, The Queen of Bavaria

Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, The Queen in Prussia

Princess Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess Royal, The German Empress

Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia, The Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

House of Liechtenstein

Princess Sophie of Liechtenstein, Countess Esterházy

House of Mecklenburg

Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Great Britain, Ireland and Hanover

Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Princess of Brunswick-Lüneburg aka Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia

Frederica (Friederike) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Hanover

Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Prussia

Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Princess of Thurn and Taxis

House of Oldenburg

Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein

Princess Augusta Victoria (Auguste Viktoria) of Schleswig-Holstein, The German Empress

Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark, The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, The Empress of Russia aka Catherine the Great

House of Romanov (incl. Romanov-Holstein-Gottrop)

Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine aka Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia

Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia

Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, The Empress Regnant of Russia aka Catherine the Great

House of Thurn and Taxis

Helene in Bavaria, The Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis

Princess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis, The Duchess of Württemberg

Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Princess of Thurn and Taxis

House of Welf (without the British Hanover branch)

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern

Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Princess of Brunswick-Lüneburg aka Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia

House of Wettin (without the Coburg branch)

Princess Adelaide (Adelheid) of Saxe-Meiningen, The Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover

Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Princess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Sibylle of Cleves, The Electress of Saxony

House of Wittelsbach

Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth in Bavaria, The Empress of Austria

Elisabeth of Bavaria, The Queen of France

Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, The Queen of Prussia

Helene in Bavaria, The Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis

Kunigunde of Austria, The Duchess of Bavaria-Munich

Princess Louise d’Orléans, Princess of Bavaria

Princess Ludovika of Bavaria, The Duchess in Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Electress of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empress

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Archduchess of Inner Austria-Styria

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Marie in Bavaria, The Queen of Two Sicilies

Princess Marie of Prussia, The Queen of Bavaria

Baroness Marie Louise of Wallersee, The Countess Larisch

Mathilde in Bavaria, The Countess of Trani

Sophie in Bavaria, The Duchess of Alençon

Princess Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria

House of Württemberg

Princess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis, The Duchess of Württemberg

Princess Mary of Teck, The Queen of the United Kingdom & British Dominions, The Empress of India

Princess Sophie of Württemberg, The Queen of the Netherlands

The Ottonians

Adelaide of Burgundy, Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Italy

Theophanu, Holy Roman Empress

Other (Minor) Nobles and Royals

Anna Constantia of Brockdorff, Imperial Countess of Cosel

Anne of Cleves, The Queen of England

Dunkelgräfin [Dark Countess] aka Sophia Botta

Princess Feodora of Leininigen, The Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Helene Baltazzi, The Baroness of Vetsera

Katharina von Bora, Mrs Luther

Baroness Louise Lehzen

Maria Anna Mozart, Imperial Baroness (of) Berchthold

Baroness Marie “Mary” of Vetsera

Marie Karoline of Mollard, Imperial Countess of Fuchs to Bimbach

Baroness Ottilie of Faber aka Countess Ottilie of Faber-Castell

Ottilie Richter, Baroness of Faber

Richenza of Northeim

Tropes

German Empresses

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

Augusta Victoria (Auguste Viktoria) of Schleswig-Holstein

Princess Hermine Reuß [Claimed titled without right]

Princess Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess Royal 

Holy Roman Empresses

Adelaide of Burgundy, Queen of Italy

Infanta Eleanor of Portugal, The Archduchess of Austria

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg

Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Elizabeth of Pomerania

The Archduchess Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia) of Austria

Richenza of Northeim

Theophanu

Ladies-in-waiting

Princess Sophie of Liechtenstein, Countess Esterházy

Mistresses

Anna Constantia of Brockdorff, Imperial Countess of Cosel

Fatima Kariman aka Maria Aurora (von) Spiegel

Maria “Mizzi” Kaspar

Baroness Marie “Mary” of Vetsera

Period Drama Fashion

see Master Post: Period Drama Fashion

Queen (Consorts) of England/The United Kingdom/Great Britain

Princess Adelaide (Adelheid) of Saxe-Meiningen

Anne of Cleves

Princess Caroline of Ansbach

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Princess Mary of Teck

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom

Queens of the Iberian Peninsula

Queen Joanna of Castile, León and Aragon

Archduchess Maria Leopoldina, The Empress of Brazil, The Queen of Portugal and the Algarves

Siblings

The Children of Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 

The Daughters of Caroline of Baden, The Queen of Bavaria 

The Daughters of Princess Ludovika of Bavaria

Significant Non-Nobles

Louise Ebert (née Rump)

Margot Sauerbruch (née Großmann)

Sophie Scholl