#AtomComputing

[govindhtech]

Atom Computing is Ushering in a New Era of Quantum Research

Atom Computing

Recently, quantum computers constructed from arrays of ultracold atoms have become a major contender in the race to produce machines powered by qubits that can surpass their classical counterparts in performance. Although the first completely functional quantum processors to be programmed via the cloud have been produced by alternative hardware architectures, further advancements indicate that atom-based platforms may be superior in terms of future scalability.

This scaling benefit results from the atomic qubits being exclusively cooled, trapped, and manipulated via photonic technology. Neutral-atom quantum computers can be primarily constructed using currently available optical components and systems that have already been optimised for accuracy and dependability, eschewing the need for intricate cryogenic systems or chip fabrication processes.

A physicist at Princeton University in the United States named Jeff Thompson and his team have been developing a quantum computer based on arrays of ytterbium atoms. “The traps are optical tweezers, the atoms are controlled with laser beams and the imaging is done with a camera,” Thompson explains. “The engineering that can be done with the optical system is the only thing limiting the scalability of the platform, and a lot of that work has already been done in the industry of optical components and megapixel devices.”

Enormous atomic arrays

Many attractive properties of neutral atoms make them suitable for quantum information encoding. Firstly, they are all the same, meaning that there is no need to tune or calibrate individual qubits because they are all flawless and devoid of any flaws that could be introduced during creation. Important quantum features like superposition and entanglement are preserved over sufficiently long periods to enable computation, and their quantum states and interactions are likewise well understood and characterised.

The pursuit of fault tolerance This important development made atomic qubits a competitive platform for digital quantum computing, spurring research teams and quantum companies to investigate and improve the efficiency of various atomic systems. Although rubidium remains a popular option, ytterbium is seen by certain groups to provide some important advantages for large-scale quantum computing. Thompson argues that because ytterbium has a nuclear spin of one half, the qubit can be encoded entirely in the nuclear spin.”They found that pure nuclear-spin qubits can maintain coherence times of many seconds without special procedures, even though all atom- or ion-based qubits havegood coherence by default.”

Examining rational qubits

In the meanwhile, Lukin’s Harvard group has perhaps made the closest approach to error-corrected quantum computing to yet, collaborating with a number of academic partners and the Boston-based startup QuEra Computing. Utilising so-called logical qubits, which distribute the quantum information among several physical qubits to reduce error effects, is a critical advancement.

One or two logical qubits have been produced in previous demonstrations using different hardware platforms, but Lukin and colleagues demonstrated by the end of 2023 that they could produce 48 logical qubits from 280 atomic qubits. They were able to move and operate each logical block as a single unit by using optical multiplexing to illuminate every rubidium atom inside a logical qubit with identical light beams. This hardware-efficient control technique stops mistakes in the physical qubits from growing into a logical defect since every atom in the logical block is treated separately.

The researchers additionally partitioned their design into three functional zones to enable more scalable processing of these logical qubits. The first is utilised to ensure that these stable quantum states are separated from processing mistakes in other sections of the hardware by manipulating and storing the logical qubits, coupled with a reservoir of physical qubits that may be called upon. Next, logical qubit pairs can be “shuttled” into the second entangling zone, where two-qubit gate operations are driven with fidelity exceeding 99.5% by a single excitation laser. Each gate operation’s result is measured in the final readout zone, which doesn’t interfere with the ongoing processing duties.

Future scalability Another noteworthy development is that QuEra has secured a multimillion-dollar contract at the UK’s National Quantum Computing Centre (NQCC) to construct a version of this logical processor. By March 2025, the national lab will have seven prototype quantum computers installed, including platforms that take advantage of superconducting qubits and trapped ions, as well as a neutral-atom system based on cesium from Infleqtion (previously ColdQuanta). The QuEra system will be one of these systems.

Replenishing the supply of atoms In order to create a path to larger-scale machines, the Atom Computing team has included additional optical technologies into its revised platform. Bloom states, “They could have just bought some really big lasers if They wanted to go from 100 to 1,000 qubits.” “However, they wanted to get the array on a path where they can keep expanding it to hundreds of thousands or even a million atoms without encountering problems with the laser power.”

Combining the atomic control offered by optical tweezers with the trapping capability of optical lattices which are primarily found in the most accurate atomic clocks in the world has been the solution for Atom Computing. By adding an optical buildup cavity to create constructive interference between multiple reflected laserThese optical lattices can improve their performance by creating a subwavelength grid of potential wells via laser beam interference.”With just a moderate amount of laser power, They can create a huge array of deep traps with these in-vacuum optics,” adds.”They could rise higher, but decided to show an arrangement that traps 1,225 ytterbium.”

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[scienza-magia]

Da google premio milionario per algoritmi quantistici

Google offre 5 milioni a chi troverà il modo di usare i computer quantistici. Il colosso ha lanciato un concorso in collaborazione con la fondazione XPrize, nella speranza di trovare l'idea giusta per sfruttare la potenza del calcolo quantistico. Se non avete idea di quali potrebbero essere le applicazioni dei computer quantistici, non preoccupatevi: non lo sa nemmeno Google. Proprio per questo, Big G ha organizzato un concorso in collaborazione con la fondazione XPrize per trovare degli usi concreti per questi peculiari strumenti basati sui qubit, mettendo in palio un premio del valore di cinque milioni di dollari da distribuire tra i vincitori. Sia Google che la fondazione sono convinti che il concorso, aperto a chiunque, contribuirà a far sì che la tecnologia dei computer quantistici possa essere integrata in ambiti meno astratti rispetto a quelli attuali, allontanandosi dalla risoluzione di problemi matematici e crittografici.

Nel mondo dell'informatica tradizionale, l'unità fondamentale è il bit, che può esistere in uno dei due stati: acceso (1) o spento (0). Al contrario, la tecnologia quantistica adotta il concetto di qubit, che può trovarsi in più stati simultaneamente (1 e 0 allo stesso tempo, quindi). I computer di questo tipo utilizzano i principi della meccanica quantistica per eseguire calcoli complessi a velocità superiori alla norma o in modi che non sarebbero possibili utilizzando i bit. L'informatica quantistica e le basi del futuro Il campo dell'informatica quantistica dispone già di strumenti e piattaforme per sperimentare ed esplorare problemi pratici che hanno un impatto reale sul mondo, che però sono ancora poco integrati. Xprize e Google sperano che i partecipanti al concorso sviluppino nuovi algoritmi, applicazioni e modelli dei computer a qubit per fare in modo che i computer quantistici riescano ad affrontare sfide globali complesse, come la crisi del clima, la sostenibilità o la salute. Nonostante i notevoli sforzi nel settore, a oggi non esiste ancora un computer quantistico in grado di risolvere un problema in modo migliore rispetto a uno convenzionale. L'obiettivo della competizione è quello di gettare delle basi teoriche per applicazioni reali, per poi valutarne la fattibilità una volta che saranno disponibili strumenti sufficientemente potenti. Tra gli esempi citati sul sito di Xprize ci sono il miglioramento del processo che porta alla scoperta di nuovi farmaci, simulazioni più efficienti dei carichi sostenibili da una rete elettrica o la modellizzazione di nuovi materiali per ridurre le emissioni di anidride carbonica. I 5 milioni di dollari in palio saranno suddivisi in un primo premio da 3 milioni di dollari (che potrà essere condiviso al massimo da tre persone), un altro milione che verrà suddiviso tra un massimo di cinque finalisti, e 50mila dollari assegnati dai 20 semifinalisti. I partecipanti hanno tre anni di tempo per sviluppare le loro idee. "In linea di principio, sono molto ottimista sul fatto che troveremo algoritmi davvero utili. Non sono altrettanto ottimista sulla possibilità che nei prossimi tre anni riusciremo a capire questi algoritmi e di implementarli sui futuri hardware", ha commentato Bill Fefferman, esperto del settore e professore di computer science all'Università di Chicago. Google sta lavorando intensamente allo sviluppo di computer quantistici sempre più potenti. Nel 2019 il colosso ha rivelato di aver realizzato un dispositivo con una capacità di elaborazione di 53 qubit, raggiungendo la soglia di 70 qubit quattro anni dopo. Uno studio condotto dalla stessa società suggerisce che con questo livello di elaborazione un problema matematico che richiederebbe 47 anni per essere risolto utilizzando un supercomputer (come Frontier, uno dei più potenti al mondo) verrebbe risolto istantaneamente. Al momento l'azienda che vanta il computer quantistico più potente al mondo è la startup Atom Computing; la società sostiene di aver realizzato un hardware con una capacità di elaborazione di ben 1180 qubit, che conta di mettere a disposizione dei clienti il prossimo anno. Read the full article

[govindhtech]

Physical Qubits, Logical Qubits From Azure Quantum Computing

Physical qubits

Physical and logical qubits news

At Microsoft, they’re advancing a new computing paradigm by fusing quantum computing with the power of artificial intelligence and the cloud. Microsoft Azure Quantum computation platform offers integration with cloud HPC and AI, allowing the smooth execution of quantum applications that take use of hardware across a range of qubits architectures and processors.

Atom Computing

In an effort to fulfill the platform’s objective, they haven’t stopped announcing new developments and partnerships over the last year. Examples of these include providing Accelerated DFT and Generative Chemistry, as well as pushing the field toward dependable quantum computing by showcasing very dependable logical qubits. With a secure, unified, and scalable hybrid computing environment provided by this solid compute foundation, innovators may create best-in-class solutions to solve challenges that are challenging or even unsolvable for traditional computers.

They are combining Azure quantum control, processing, and error correction software with quantum hardware designs from ecosystem partners, along with features for multi-modal AI models, developer tools, copilot-assisted workflows, and classical supercomputing. This next generation of hybrid apps will be made possible by this diversified computing stack. Using both classical and scaled quantum tools at the appropriate phases to create significant insights in an iterative loop to shorten R&D and time-to-solution into days, not years, AI co-reasoning will help clarify challenges and convert them into processes.

Quantinuum Quantum Computer

Maintaining Quantinuum’s implementation of dependable quantum computing

Atom computing are pleased to announce today, in partnership with Quantinuum, the demonstration of the highest number of entangled logical qubits, as well as the best performing logical qubits ever recorded. By refining and streamlining Azure’s physical qubits -virtualization method, they were able to produce 12 logical qubits for Quantinuum’s 56 physical qubits H2 machine.

This development demonstrates Microsoft’s superior error correcting capabilities. Their enhanced qubit-virtualization technology increased countability of logical qubits in less than six months. Furthermore, all 12 logical qubits showed a 22X improvement in circuit error rate over the equivalent physical qubits when they entangled them in a complex state needed for “deeper” quantum processing.

Quantinuum Microsoft

Azure systems’ capacity to more than double their physical qubits count from 30 to 56 while tripling the amount of logical qubits is evidence of the strong fidelities and all-to-all connectivity of their H-Series trapped-ion technology. Microsoft’s qubit-virtualization solution along with it’s existing H2-1 hardware is enabling us to completely transition both the clients and ourselves into Level 2 robust quantum computing. When paired with Azure Quantum’s cutting-edge AI and HPC technologies, this strong partnership will enable even further improvements.

Noise continues to be Microsoft greatest obstacle as to work toward using quantum computers to achieve scientific and commercial advances. They pointed out in an earlier piece that robust quantum error correction cannot be achieved only by adding more physical qubits. As members of the quantum ecosystem, Atom computing need to keep their attention on logical qubit counts and fidelity improvements in order to have a strong basis for delivering significant outcomes.

Improvements in both hardware and software will make this feasible, allowing longer-running and more dependable quantum applications. The news made today shows that achieving these foundational skills is feasible in the direction of large-scale quantum computing.

A real paradigm shift in computing also requires an emphasis on useful and profitable applications. In the first end-to-end workflow, they had effectively finished a chemical simulation in which is to used logical qubit computing, AI, and HPC to estimate the ground state energy for a particular catalyst issue.

Microsoft Quantinuum

With the scalability of quantum technologies, a new generation of hybrid applications will gain more influence, and this demonstration was a crucial first step in that direction. Scientists at Microsoft have shown how this combination has the potential to be revolutionary, and quantum and AI will have the first real influence on scientific discoveries. Only because of Azure’s strong and ongoing partnership with Quantinuum a business that is still at the forefront of quantum computing was this work made feasible.

Latest advancements in logical qubits and the technical specifications of an end-to-end chemical simulation created by Microsoft and Quantinuum. Together, they have created 12 logical qubits.

Atom Computing Quantum

Introducing Atom Computing’s next business venture

Finally, Microsoft Azure are thrilled to be working with Atom Computing to provide consumers a new breed of dependable quantum hardware. They are refining the system to allow dependable quantum processing by combining Atom Computing’s neutral-atom hardware with Microsoft’s improved qubit-virtualization architecture. Together, they have developed logical qubits. All things considered, they think that this new commercial product will be the most powerful quantum machine ever made, capable of scaling to the limits of science and beyond.

Large numbers of high-fidelity qubits, all-to-all qubit connection, lengthy coherence durations, and mid-circuit measurements with qubit reset and reuse are just a few of the qualities that Atom Computing’s hardware uniquely combines and which are crucial for extending quantum error correction. With approximately 1,200 physical qubits in its second generation devices, the business aims to tenfold the number of physical qubits with every successive hardware generation.

Microsoft Azure Quantum computation platform can provide the clients with flexibility and future-proof their investments by offering a range of best-in-class logical qubits across several hardware platforms, all thanks to the use of Microsoft’s cutting-edge fault-tolerance protocols on alternative qubit architectures.

Together, Microsoft and Atom Computing are improving the Azure Quantum computation platform with neutral-atom hardware and customized qubit virtualization. This allows for the creation of a commercial discovery suite that can be upgraded continuously to accommodate more logical qubits.

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