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State vs. Props in React: Essential Differences Every React Developer Must Know

React is widely known for building interactive user interfaces, and mastering state and props is foundational for React developers. While these two concepts may appear similar at first, they serve distinct roles and have specific uses in React applications. Here’s a clear breakdown of what each one represents and guidance on when to use them.

What Are State and Props?

State: This is data within a component that can change over time, often in response to user actions or events. It’s handled internally within the component and can be modified directly by the component.

Props: Short for “properties,” props are pieces of read-only data that a parent component sends to its child components. They serve as fixed values within the receiving component and cannot be modified by it.

Key Differences Between State and Props:

Component Ownership

· State: Held by the component that defines it, giving that component full control over its value and behaviors.

· Props: Passed down from a parent component to a child component, allowing controlled data flow in the application.

2. Data Mutability

· State: Mutable, meaning it can change based on events, user interactions, or other conditions within the component.

· Props: Immutable from the perspective of the receiving component, meaning it’s set by the parent and remains constant.

3. Use Cases

· State: Ideal for storing data that changes over time within the component, such as form input fields, real-time feedback, or temporary status indicators.

· Props: Best for passing data that should remain constant and consistent, like configurations or styling parameters, from one component to another.

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