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#Freemasonry under the French First Empire
eunikia · 1 year
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Napoleon and Freemasonry
Was Napoleon Bonaparte a member of the Masonic Brotherhood? Multiple hypotheses have been advanced on the subject, and although the probability is high, it has never been definitely established that he was made a Freemason, either in Valence (French Department Drome), Marseille, Nancy ("St. John of Jerusalem" Lodge, December 3, 1797?), Malta, Egypt or elsewhere.
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Chart of the Bonaparte Masonic Lodge, c. 1810 Enlarge
What is certain is that members of the expedition he commanded during the Egyptian campaign brought the Freemasonry to the banks of the Nile. General Kleber founded the "Isis" Lodge in Cairo (was Bonaparte a co-founder?), while Brothers Gaspard Monge (member, among others, of the "Perfect Union" Military Lodge, Mezieres) and Dominique Vivant Denon (a member of Sophisians, "The Perfect Meeting" Lodge, Paris) were among the scholars who would make this strategic and military setback a success that the young General Bonaparte would exploit upon his return to France.
What is also undeniable is that, beginning with Bonaparte's coup of 18 Brumaire, the Freemasonry would thrive for 15 extraordinary years, multiplying the number of lodges and members. The First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, understanding the advantages he could derive from the obedient Freemasonry, invested in these reliable men, hoping to be rewarded with faultless servility. He was not disappointed.
Read the entire article here:
There’s too scanty information available concerning Napoleon’s involvement with Freemasonry. Sometimes it seems like his biography has been carefully cleaned of some unwanted negativity - not only on this issue.
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brookstonalmanac · 14 days
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Events 9.11 (before 1840)
9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hundred years. 1185 – Isaac II Angelos kills Stephen Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt that deposes Andronikos I Komnenos and places Isaac on the throne of the Byzantine Empire. 1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English. 1390 – Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92): The Teutonic Knights begin a five-week siege of Vilnius. 1541 – Santiago, Chile, is attacked by indigenous warriors, led by Michimalonco, to free eight indigenous chiefs held captive by the Spaniards. 1565 – Ottoman forces retreat from Malta ending the Great Siege of Malta. 1609 – Henry Hudson arrives on Manhattan Island and meets the indigenous people living there. 1649 – Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison. 1683 – Battle of Vienna: Coalition forces, including the famous winged Hussars, led by Polish King John III Sobieski lift the siege laid by Ottoman forces. 1697 – Battle of Zenta: a major engagement in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history. 1708 – Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power. 1709 – Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands, and Austria fight against France. 1714 – Siege of Barcelona: Barcelona, capital city of the Principality of Catalonia, surrenders to Spanish and French Bourbon armies in the War of the Spanish Succession. 1758 – Battle of Saint Cast: France repels British invasion during the Seven Years' War. 1775 – Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec leaves Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1776 – British–American peace conference on Staten Island fails to stop nascent American Revolutionary War. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Brandywine: The British celebrate a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania. 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Sugarloaf massacre: A small detachment of militia from Northampton County, Pennsylvania, are attacked by Native Americans and Loyalists near Little Nescopeck Creek. 1786 – The beginning of the Annapolis Convention. 1789 – Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury. 1792 – The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house where they are stored. 1800 – The Maltese National Congress Battalions are disbanded by British Civil Commissioner Alexander Ball. 1802 – France annexes the Kingdom of Piedmont. 1803 – The Battle of Delhi, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, between British troops under General Lake, and Marathas of Scindia's army under General Louis Bourquin ends in a British victory. 1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C. 1814 – War of 1812: The climax of the Battle of Plattsburgh, a major United States victory in the war. 1826 – Captain William Morgan, an ex-freemason is arrested in Batavia, New York for debt after declaring that he would publish The Mysteries of Free Masonry, a book against Freemasonry. This sets into motion the events that led to his mysterious disappearance. 1829 – An expedition led by Isidro Barradas at Tampico, sent by the Spanish crown to retake Mexico, surrenders at the Battle of Tampico, marking the effective end of Spain's resistance to Mexico's campaign for independence. 1830 – Anti-Masonic Party convention; one of the first American political party conventions. 1836 – The Riograndense Republic is proclaimed by rebels after defeating Empire of Brazil's troops in the Battle of Seival, during the Ragamuffin War.
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indiejones · 1 year
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FREEMASONRY – INDIES GENERAL ASSESSMENT (FROM VARIOUS EXPERT SOURCES & AUTHORITIES ON THE SUBJECT ONLINE, FOREMOST BEING DR SELWYN STEVENS)
It came into being in 1200’s in Scotland, initially consisting of people building churches, cathedrals etc. The Operative ones, are into the traditional construction business. These people, being largely illiterate at the time, began a custom of using secret handshakes, different for different competencies & skill levels, & formed a secret society among themselves. Now a lot of these people being not too sophisticated developed a deeply cynical view of the life around them, & began to develop a totally baseless & unjustified or totally uncorroborated sub-alternative vie of life around them ie a conspiracy theory for many of the different big aspects of life around, w/o any substantiation, a feeling that over time, became not their assessment, but a desire for the same. Turns out this nature of thinking was not restricted to the lower classes of people, but even many in the upper class, thus leading to the incorporation of both classes into these rotarian like clubs, but in keeping with the all-prevalent divide, morphed into the degree of lodges ie a class lodge culture among these secret societies, with lower classes inducted for the first 3 degrees, more like a cover for the higher degrees, with the upper degrees reserved, by 1600s-1700s, for ppl who were generally the landed gentry of Europe and Britain in particular, & having lotsa money & too much free time in hand, that got into societies like the Theosophical Society & Knights Templar, Golden Dawn, & other such orgs, some even actively getting involved in plots against the Govts of their time and so on, & these masonic lodges kinda became the place to go to, to discuss & even plot these things quietly. By 1700’s, many Speculative freemasons were inducted, who may have been lawyers, politicians, accountants, & many other professions, & when the Grand Lodge of London came to being in 1717, all the Christian elements were removed from its Constitution, & thereafter, per Dr. Selwyn Stevens, foremost authority researching these secret organizations, most Govts of Asia & Africa & Singapore, & all those controlled once by the British Empire, came to be under Masonic control. Simon Bolivar used the Masonic network to overthrow Govts across the entire Latin America even, as also the French revolution which is said to have been mechanized by the freemason umbrella. Predominant reason for joining, is for hogging ahead in business, as they make secret business deals with each other. The pride & petty power lust in knowing secrets others don’t (though many’ve already been made known), & finally thereafter the fear of sharing those secrets over time & enduring it’s consequences, a fear enshrined within meetings, in form of threats like having their necks cut or heart & stomach cut out. Now a key aspect of the ritualism which is key to Freemasonry over all these centuries, is how these groups actually promise to look after their own, even if a brother mason commits a murder or treason, even if that means lying under oath in courts at times. In the lower degrees, they do a good job in keeping the veil that it’s a Christian group, & it’s only when they reach the top 3 degrees, 30 degree onwards, are they told that they worship Lucifer, & they have to break 5 of the 10 Commandments of God to move ahead or even stand their ground, numbers 1,2,3,6 & 9. Ie allowing for having other self-made Gods, entertaining symbolism to promote them, using name & idea of God in vain for self-concocted purposes, murdering if necessary to promote their cause, & use of deliberate lying to achieve objectives. So what these groups effectively become by higher levels, is an anti-God cult, & with large number of people in police, political establishment (incl very top) & big business, & that alongside ppl in big time criminality, incorporated into their brotherhood, have built up a air-tight network capable over past 500 yrs, in effectively becoming super-Govt authorities across the world. Many of these groups even use all the superficiality of all religions & their names & symbolism, to deceive their actual meanings, a meaning or code only made known to own society members. So every virtuous word for eg in religious text, can derive the opposite meaning for members of this anti-god group in their heads, unbeknownst to others. Some of their variant offshoots also steal skull & bones, to induce fear among members & have become kinda like death-cults in their zeal, also referred to as Illuminati in some circles.
Effectively a super-large overlording Multinational Corporate Gang, with simultaneous sleeper or semi-sleeper or fully active cells in many nations. Even with a hierarchical structure & active retirement ages for every level, perhaps an age of 50 yrs for area or national heads, but no age-limit for higher (zonal & international) organization head levels.
And scariest of all, being worshipers of The Devil/Shaitaan, their Gods being their anointed Gang-leaders at whatever levels, are restricted by no morals,even free to follow most archaic barbaric beliefs,even if amounting to total destruction, for organizational gain.
Each with secret grave criminalities undergone, recorded, & held as ransom, in case of future treason!
FREEMASONRY MAP. Per my info, ~40% of America is into #Freemasonry, with ~60% who've been a part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while. 'Tis this man-made virus that's disintegrated USA by ~60% over the last 30 yrs (on a mass level since 90s). ~60% of Australians & South Africans are actively into #Freemasonry, with ~70% who've been part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while, edging USA as No. 1 in recruits. And this man-made virus has disintegrated Aus & South Africa by ~30% over last 20 yrs (on a mass level since Y2K). Same goes for England & Great Britain, the oldest laboratories & super-spreaders, who're per my info, ~65% & ~40% into #Freemasonry today. They too 've been disintegrated by ~50% over past 35 yrs by the mass spread of this virus, since 90s!
Also per my info, ~30% of Canada is actively into #Freemasonry, with ~40% who've been a part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while. 'Tis this man-made virus having disintegrated Canada by ~50% over the last 30 yrs (on a mass level since 90s).
Oh God!
And you know what's scary for #India, while only 0.4% India is into #Freemasonry....it includes ~63% of it’s Civil services inducted by the British since Independence (ya, the same one you give your UPSC exams for, & part of which controls the nation’s elections too),...furthermore, 40% of Bollywood today is controlled by an Establishment actively enrolled into #Freemasonry !
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dogopower · 3 years
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Satan, Prince of This World
thinking it the anniversary of the day America and Labour gained independence. The Masses (Goyim) never dreamed May 1, 1776 was an epoch making day in the history of the Luciferian conspiracy which we refer to as the World Revolutionary Movement. It was the day Illuminati stabbed Britain in the back as part of their program to ultimately destroy the British Empire together with ALL other remaining governments and religions. May Day had been celebrated by the Roman Catholic Church for centuries as the feast day of the mother of Jesus Christ. It was for this reason that Weishaupt, a renegade Jesuit, picked it to announce to his fellow Satanists and Luciferians his revised plan to destroy Christianity and bring about what Nietzche afterwards referred to as “The death of God.”
But to get back to our story. As the Illuminati’s courier rode through the town of Ratisbon, on his way to Paris to deliver Mirabeau his copy of Weishaupt’s revised plans, the courier was killed by a stroke of lightning. This event occurred in 1784. The police turned the documents found on the body over to Bavarian government authorities. Examination revealed them to be the “Protocols” of the order and sect of the Illuminati. The word “Protocol” means: “A copy of the original draft of a plan to achieve a definite purpose and reach a clearly defined goal”.
The Bavarian government had got hold of the Protocols of the Luciferian conspiracy as revised by Adam Weishaupt between 1770 and 1776. They knew how Weishaupt intended to use “The Order and Sect of the Illuminati” to put his modernized plans into effect. The documents further disclosed that the Lodges of the Grand Orient were to be used as the secret headquarters of those who directed the conspiracy, to destroy all remaining governments and religions, throughout the world. They also revealed that the Illuminati intended to infiltrate into all other secret societies, but particularly into Continental (Blue) Freemasonry, for the purpose of contacting wealthy and influential people over whom they wished to obtain control so they could be used to further the Illuminati’s secret plans to bring about a One World Government.
The “Elector of Bavaria’ ordered the police to raid the homes and meeting places of Weishaupt and his close associates. These raids added a wealth of additional evidence to what had already been obtained from the documents found on the body of the courier.
The Bavarian government was very thorough. By 1786 they had examined all available evidence. They published the information in a book entitled (English translation) Original Writings of the Order and Sect of the Illuminati. Zwack’s manuscript containing Weishaupt’s revised version of the age old Luciferian conspiracy was entitled Einige Originalschriften. Copies of the conspiracy were sent by the Bavarian government to ALL heads of Church and state in Europe. History proves these warnings were ignored because Weishaupt’s Illuminati had already been placed in key positions behind the scenes of government, both secular and religious, as “Experts” and “Advisers.” They denounced the evidence as a “forgery.” They claimed it was part of a huge practical joke being perpetrated by those who wished to ridicule the heads of Church and state. But the French revolution broke out on schedule, and history proves that the conspiracy has been developed since 1776 EXACTLY as Weishaupt intended. Today, it is in its semi-final stage.
The Elector of Bavaria banished Weishaupt. He lost his “chair” in Ingolstadt University where he taught “Canon Law” He moved to Regensburg, Switzerland, where he reorganized his Illuminati. Switzerland was made into a neutral nation and remained the headquarters of the directors of the World Revolutionary Movement until the United Nations Organization was set up by the Rockefellers in New York. Then the “Brains,” which work out the programme to bring the conspiracy to its ultimate goal, moved into the Harold Pratt Building, New York.
Two Italians, the Marquis Constanza, and the Marquis Savioli joined Weishaupt in Switzerland. This explains why the Italian Guiseppe Mazzini was selected to direct the World Revolutionary programme in 1834; and was succeeded by another Italian, Adriano Lemmi, in 1872 when Mazzini died. With devilish cunning Weishaupt and his fellow conspirators made those in authority believe that the Illuminati had died a natural death in 1786. The truth is the plot to bring what remains of the human race under a totalitarian dictatorship has never ended. It blossomed forth under new names and disguises in all parts of the world. It is the W.R.M. as we know it today.
Weishaupt himself tells us he planned well in advance of 1786 how to take care of the risk of possible discovery and exposure. Those who defect from God (Adonay) first become Satanists, then after long years of testing and trial, a few Satanists are selected for the initiation into the Luciferian Priesthood. From these are selected the High Priests and the Universal Sovereign Pontiff of the Luciferian Creed. Weishaupt (Spartacus) aspired to become Sovereign Pontiff. In a letter he wrote “Cato” (Zwack) dated February 6, 1778, he said “the allegory on which I am to found the Mysteries of the Higher Orders is ‘The Fire-worship of the Magi’ (worship of Lucifer). We must have some worship and none is so apposite- ‘Let there be light.’ This is my motto, and this is my fundamental principle.”
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cabiba · 6 years
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Quotes
Adam Weishaupt (Bavarian Illuminati Founder) "The great strength of our Order lies in its concealment, let it never appear in any place in its own name, but always concealed by another name, and another occupation." "None is fitter than the lower degrees of Freemasonry. The public is accustomed to it, expects little from it, and therefore takes little notice of it." "Next to this, the form of a learned or literary society is best suited to our purpose, and had Freemasonry not existed, this cover would have been employed; and it may be much more than a cover, it may be a powerful engine in our hands." "A Literary Society is the most proper form for the introduction of our Order into any state where we are yet strangers." David Spangler (United Nations; Director of Planetary Initiative) "Lucifer comes to give to us the final gift of wholeness. If we accept it then he is free and we are free." "This is the Luciferic initiation. It is one that many people now, and in the days ahead, will be facing, for it is an initiation in the New Age." "No one will enter the New World Order unless he or she will make a pledge to worship Lucifer." George Washington (United States President) "It is not my intention to doubt that the doctrine of the Illuminati and the principles of Jacobinism had not spread in the United States." "On the contrary, no one is more satisfied of this fact than I am. The idea that I meant to convey, was, that I did not believe that the Lodges of Free Masons in this Country had, as Societies, endeavored to propagate the diabolical tenets of the first, or pernicious principles of the latter (if they are susceptible of separation)." "That Individuals of them may have done it, or that the founder, or instrument employed to found, the Democratic Societies in the United States, may have had these objects; and actually had a separation of the People from their Government in view, is too evident to be questioned." Winston Churchill (United Kingdom Prime Minister) "From the days of Spartacus, Weishophf, Karl Marx, Trotski, Belacoon, Rosa Luxenburg, and Ema Goldman, this world conspiracy has been steadily growing." "This conspiracy played a definite recognizable role in the tragedy of the French revolution. It has been the mainspring of every subversive movement during the 19th Century." "And now at last this band of extraordinary personalities from the underworld of the great cities of Europe and America have gripped the Russian people by the hair of their head and have become the undisputed masters of that enormous empire." John F. Kennedy (United States President) "The high office of the President has been used to foment a plot to destroy the American's freedom and before I leave office, I must inform the citizen of this plight." "A nation that is afraid to let its people judge the truth and falsehood in an open market is a nation that is afraid of its people." “The very word 'secrecy' is repugnant in a free and open society; and we are as a people inherently and historically opposed to secret societies, to secret oaths, and to secret proceedings.” Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr. (United States Congressman) "This Act (the Federal Reserve Act, Dec. 23rd 1913) establishes the most gigantic trust on earth. When the President signs this bill, the invisible government by the Monetary Power will be legalized." "The people may not know it immediately, but the day of reckoning is only a few years removed. The trusts will soon realize that they have gone too far even for their own good. The people must make a declaration of independence to relieve themselves from the Monetary Power." "This they will be able to do by taking control of Congress. Wall Streeters could not cheat us if you Senators and Representatives did not make a humbug of Congress..." "The greatest crime of Congress is its currency system. The worst legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking bill. The caucus and the party bosses have again operated and prevented the people from getting the benefit of their own government." Woodrow Wilson (United States President) "The government, which was designed for the people, has got into the hands of the bosses and their employers, the special interests." "An invisible empire has been set up above the forms of democracy." “I am a most unhappy man. I have unwittingly ruined my country. A great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is concentrated." "The growth of the nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men. We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated governments in the civilized world." "No longer a government by free opinion, no longer a government by conviction and the vote of the majority, but a government by the opinion and duress of a small group of dominant men.” Joseph Willard (Harvard University President) "There is sufficient evidence that a number of societies, of the Illuminati, have been established in this land of Gospel light and civil liberty, which were first organized from the grand society, in France." "They are doubtless secretly striving to undermine all our ancient institutions, civil and sacred. These societies are closely leagued with those of the same Order, in Europe; they have all the same object in view." "The enemies of all order are seeking our ruin. Should infidelity generally prevail, our independence would fall of course. Our republican government would be annihilated." Henry Kissinger (United States Secretary of State) "The current world economic crisis is a great opportunity for President-elect Obama to help create a New World Order." "The New World Order cannot happen without United States participation, as we are the most significant single component." "Yes, there will be a New World Order, and it will force the United States to change its perceptions." Franklin D. Roosevelt (United States President) "I do not believe in communism any more than you do, but there is nothing wrong with the communists in this country. Several of the best friends I have are Communists." Maurice Strong (United Nations Under-Secretary General) "Isn't the only hope for the planet that the industrialized civilizations collapse? Isn't it our responsibility to bring that about?" Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union General Secretary of the Communist Party) "It doesn't matter who the people voted for; they always vote for us." Thomas Jefferson (United States President) ''If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all property until their children wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.” James Paul Warburg (Franklin D. Roosevelt's Financial Adviser) "We shall have World Government, whether or not we like it. The only question is whether World Government will be achieved by conquest or consent." George Herbert Walker Bush (United States President) "Out of these troubled times, our objective—a new world order—can emerge. Today, that new world is struggling to be born, a world quite different from the one we have known.” "What is at stake is more than one small country, it is a big idea—a new world order...to achieve the universal aspirations of mankind... based on shared principles and the rule of law... The illumination of a thousand points of light... The winds of change are with us now." John Lennon (Musician; Singer/Songwriter) "Our society is run by insane people for insane objectives. I think we're being run by maniacs for maniacal ends and I think I'm liable to be put away as insane for expressing that. That's what's insane about it." David Rockefeller (Self Claimed Philanthropist) “The supranational sovereignty of an intellectual elite and world bankers is surely preferable to the national auto-determination practiced in past centuries.” “We are grateful to the Washington Post, New York Times, Time Magazine and other great publications whose directors have attended our meetings and respected their promises of discretion for almost 40 years." "It would have been impossible for us to develop our plan for the world if we had been subjected to the lights of publicity during those years. But, the world is more sophisticated and prepared to march towards a world government." "The super national sovereignty of an intellectual elite and world bankers is surely preferable to the national auto determination practiced in past centuries." “For more than a century ideological extremists at either end of the political spectrum have seized upon well-publicized incidents such as my encounter with Castro to attack the Rockefeller family for the inordinate influence they claim we wield over American political and economic institutions." "Some even believe we are part of a secret cabal working against the best interests of the United States, characterizing my family and me as 'internationalists' and of conspiring with others around the world to build a more integrated global political and economic structure, one world, if you will." "If that's the charge, I stand guilty, and I am proud of it.” Albert Einstein (World-Renowned Physicist) "Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius -- and a lot of courage -- to move in the opposite direction." "Imagination is more important than knowledge." "Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one." "A person starts to live when he can live outside himself." "The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing." "Science without religion is lame. Religion without science is blind." "Great spirits have often encountered violent opposition from weak minds." "Peace cannot be kept by force. It can only be achieved by understanding." "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible." "We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them." “I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones.” Prince Philip (Duke of Edinburgh) "I just wonder what it would be like to be reincarnated in an animal whose species had been so reduced in numbers than it was in danger of extinction. What would be its feelings toward the human species whose population explosion had denied it somewhere to exist.... I must confess that I am tempted to ask for reincarnation as a particularly deadly virus." "Human population growth is probably the single most serious long-term threat to survival. We're in for a major disaster if it isn't curbed...We have no option. If it isn't controlled voluntarily, it will be controlled involuntarily by an increase in disease, starvation and war." Mikhail Gorbachev (Soviet Union Head of State) "We must speak more clearly about sexuality, contraception, about abortion, about values that control population, because the ecological crisis, in short, is the population crisis. Cut the population by 90% and there aren't enough people left to do a great deal of ecological damage." Amschel Rothschild (House of Rothschild) Allow me to issue and control the money of a nation, and I care not who writes the laws. Bill Gates (Microsoft Founder) The world today has 6.8 billion people. That's heading up to about nine billion. Now if we do a really great job on new vaccines, health care, reproductive health services, we could lower that by perhaps 10 or 15 percent. Andrew Jackson (US President) You are a den of vipers! I intend to rout you out, and by the Eternal God I will rout you out. If the people only understood the rank injustice of our money and banking system, there would be a revolution before morning. Henry Kissinger (Secretary of State & NSA, Nobel Peace Prize Recipient) The World population needs to be decreased by 50% Ted Turner (Founder of CNN, United Nations Foundation Chairman) A total population of 250-300 million people, a 95% decline from present levels, would be ideal. Thomas Jefferson: If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all property until their children wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered. David Brower: (Sierra Club Executive Director) Childbearing should be a punishable crime against society, unless the parents hold a government license. All potential parents should be required to use contraceptive chemicals, the government issuing antidotes to citizens chosen for childbearing. J. Cousteau: (xplorer and UNESCO Courier) In order to stabilize world population, we must eliminate 350,000 people per day. It is a horrible thing to say, but it is just as bad not to say it.
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mebwalker · 7 years
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WASHINGTON, DC – FEBRUARY 04: U.S. President Barack Obama meets with a group of ‘DREAMers’ who have received Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals in the Oval Office of the White House February 4, 2015 in Washington, DC. ‘DREAMers’ are children who were brought into the U.S. illegally and were then granted temporary relief under Obama’s 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)
The above photograph features DREAMers or beneficiaries of DACA, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.
http://www.cnn.com/2017/09/04/politics/daca-dreamers-immigration-program/index.html
President Trump plans to deport immigrants who arrived in the United States as minors. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals is a policy of the Obama administration  adopted in June 2012 and rescinded by the Trump administration in September 2017 (See Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, Wikipedia.) DACA beneficiaries received a renewable two-year period of deferred action from deportation and were eligible for a work permit.
DACA is rooted in the DREAM Act (acronym for Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DREAM_Act#2017
“The bill was first introduced in the Senate on August 1, 2001, S. 1291 by United States Senators Dick Durbin (D– Illinois) and Orrin Hatch (R– Utah), and has since been reintroduced several times (see Legislative history) but has failed to pass.” (See DREAM Act, Wikipedia.)
Lafayette and Washington at Valley Forge
George Washington
Thomas Jeffersonby Rembrandt Peale, 1
Dred Scott. Oil on canvas by Louis Schultze, 1888. Acc. # 1897.9.1. Missouri Historical Society Museum Collections. Photograph by David Schultz, 1999. NS 23864. Photograph and scan (c) 1999-2006, Missouri Historical Society.
John Ward Dunsmore‘s depiction of Lafayette (right) and Washington at Valley Forge, battle fought in 1777-1778 (Wikipedia) George Washington by Gilbert Stuart, 1797 (Wikipedia) Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale, 1798 (Wikipedia) Dred Scott  (Photo credit: PBS) Gilbert Motier, marquis de Lafayette by Joseph-Désiré Court, 1791 (Wikipedia)
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
If one reads the Declaration of Independence, quoted above, without taking its historical context into consideration, one cannot reconcile the phrase “all men are created equal,” with enslavement. Matters are all the more puzzling since, as Minister to France (1784 -1789), Thomas Jefferson helped the Marquis de Lafayette draft the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789), a monument to social justice drawing from the American Declaration of Independence. La Fayette had fought in the American Revolutionary War. Could it be that the Founding Fathers, especially Thomas Jefferson, were hypocrites? I have pondered this question and it would be my opinion that, in their eyes black slaves, were not fully developed men. The Founding Fathers: George Washington, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison wished to create a union of white men. George Washington, the 1st President of the United States and Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, was a Mason and a slave owner, but did he know that blacks were human beings to the same extent as whites?
Thomas Jefferson is unlikely ever to have whipped his slaves, but I doubt that his attitude towards the blacks was substantially different from the view expressed, a century later, by Confederate General-in-Chief, Robert E. Lee’s (19 January 1807 – 12 October 1870)
“most noted comment, quoted by most Lee’s biographers, occurred in a [sic]1856 letter to his wife, describing slavery as an evil institution, but one that had more adverse effects on whites than blacks. However, he viewed slavery as a “painful discipline” which elevated blacks from barbarism to civilization while introducing them to Christianity. He felt that the institution would come to an end in God’s good time, but that might not be soon.” (See Robert E. Lee, Wikipedia.)
The White Man’s Burden
In the White Man’s Burden, a poem published as the 19th century drew to an end, in 1899), Rudyard Kipling (30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) expressed views that portrayed the inhabitants of colonies as “primitive:”
“The implication, of course, was that the Empire existed not for the benefit — economic or strategic or otherwise — of Britain, itself, but in order that primitive peoples, incapable of self-government, could, with British guidance, eventually become civilized (and Christianized).” (See The White Man’s Burden, Wikipedia.)
Rudyard Kipling is the author of the Jungle Book (1894) and the Just-so stories, classics of children’s literature. As for Lafayette, although he was an abolitionist and a Mason, he fought in the American Revolutionary War and probably realized that George Washington and other Founding Fathers of the United States could not be brought to view their black slaves as altogether human, but that they were good human beings.  The United States Declaration of Independence was worded in the language of John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) and also reflected Freemasonry. Equality would be the subject matter of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778)  Discourse on Inequality (1754) and a main theme in Rousseau’s Social Contract (1762). These documents are “cornerstones in modern political and social thought.”
The British John Bull and the American Uncle Sam bear The White Man’s Burden (Apologies to Rudyard Kipling), taking the coloured peoples of the world to civilisation. (Victor Gillam, Judge magazine, 1 April 1899) (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Rudyard Kipling (30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) is the author of the Jungle Book (1894) and the Just-so stories, classics of children’s literature.As for Lafayette, although he was an abolitionist and a Mason, he fought in the American Revolutionary War and probably realized that George Washington and his other friends in the United States could not be brought to view their black slaves as altogether human.  The United States Declaration of Independence was worded in the language of John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) and also reflected Freemasonry. Equality would be the subject matter of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778)  Discourse on Inequality (1754) and a main theme in Rousseau’s Social Contract (1762). These documents are “cornerstones in modern political and social thought.”
John Locke by Godfrey Kneller, 1697 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
J.-J. Rousseau by  Maurice Quentin de La Tour 1753 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Naturalization Acts of 1790, 1795, 1798
Three Acts
Dred Scott
The case of Dred Scott is most revealing. In 1857, Dred Scott, a slave taken to free states by his owners, sued for his freedom and lost. Dred Scott vs Sandford  60 U.S  393 is considered one of the worst mistakes of the Supreme Court of the United States. Its decision was made shortly before the American Civil War (1861-1865) and it proved to be an indirect catalyst for the American Civil War.” (See Dred Scott vs Sandford 60 U.S.393.)
Africans had been captured and taken to the Americas forcibly, yet they were not recognized as citizens of the United States until the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, adopted in 1868, three years after the South surrendered to the Union. As for American Indians, they were not  citizens until the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924.
“This law limited naturalization to immigrants who were free white persons of good character. It thus excluded American Indians, indentured servants,  slaves, free blacks and later Asians although free blacks were allowed citizenship at the state level in certain states.” (See Naturalization Act of 1790, Wikipedia)
The case of Dred Scott is most revealing. In 1857, Dred Scott, a slave taken to free states by his owners, sued for his freedom and lost. Dred Scott vs Sandford  60 U.S  393 is considered one of the worst mistakes of the Supreme Court of the United States. Its decision was made shortly before the American Civil War (1861-1865) and it proved to be an indirect catalyst for the American Civil War.” (See Dred Scott vs Sandford 60 U.S.393.)States Constitution, adopted in 1868, three years after the South surrendered to the Union. As for American Indians, they were not  citizens until the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924.
John Adams’ Alien and Sedition Acts
The Naturalization Act of 1798, is one of four acts, the Alien and Sedition Acts, signed into law by John Adams, the 2nd American President of the United States and its 1st Vice President. There were four laws under John Adam’s Alien and Sedition Acts, which include the Naturalization Act of 1798. (See Alien and Sedition Acts, Wikipedia)
The Alien Friends Act of 1798
The Alien Enemies Act of 1798
The Sedition Act of 1798
The Naturalization Act of 1798
The Naturalization Act of 1798 was repealed by Thomas Jefferson and replaced by the Naturalization Law of 1802, which reduced the residence requirement of immigrants from 14 years to 5 years, as it had been under the terms of the Naturalization Act of 1795.  However, the Alien Enemies Act, was used after Pearl Harbor was attacked, on 7 December 1941. The Alien Enemies Act of 1798 would allow President Franklin Delano Roosevelt “to imprison Japanese, German, and Italian aliens during World War II.” Canadians followed Franklin Delano Roosevelt and also interned Japanese Canadians. (See Internment of Japanese Canadians.) The Alien Enemies Act was also used by President Harry S. Truman “to continue to imprison, then deport, aliens of the formerly hostile nations.” It has been revised but remains in effect. The Alien Friends’ Act and the Sedition Act went into dormancy. A modified Alien Enemy Act is still in force.
“The Sedition Act resulted in the prosecution and conviction of many Jeffersonian newspaper owners who disagreed with the government.” (See Alien and Sedition Acts, Wikipedia.)
The Chinese Exclusion Act of 6 May 1882 is particularly sad, and the United States was not the only country in which the Chinese were viewed as a peril, the Yellow Peril. It was the first American federal law prohibiting the immigration of Chinese laborers. Chinese had first emigrated to the United States during the California gold rush (1848-1855). Later, in the 1860s, they were employed to build the First Transcontinental Railroad from Nebraska to the Pacific Ocean. The Burlingame Treaty, signed in Washington (1868) and ratified in Beijing (1868), granted the Chinese equality with Americans. Yet, on 24 October 1871, 500 rioters entered Los Angeles’ Chinatown “to attack, rob and murder Chinese residents of the city.” Rioters “tortured and then hanged” 17 to 20 Chinese. The Massacre was “racially motivated,” and “it took place on Calle de los Negros (Street of the Negros), also referred to as ‘Nigger Alley.’ “It was the largest mass lynching in American history.” (See Chinese Massacre of 1871, Wikipedia.)
The Yellow Terror in all His Glory (1899) is a rebellious Qing Dynasty Chinese man, armed to the teeth, who stands astride a fallen white woman representing Western European colonialism (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
French aristocrat Arthur de Gobineau, the author of the Essai sur l’inégalité des races (The Essay on the Inequality of  Human Races, c. 1848), feared the Yellow Peril above all. As we have seen, he developed the theory of the Aryan master race, but he was not an anti-Semite.
Darwinism
As biology, botany, ethnology, and related disciplines developed, the matter of racial superiority or inferiority among races started to lose its grip. The findings of English naturalist, geologist and biologist Charles Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) were a revolution. According to Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, published in 1859, two years after the Dred Scott vs Sandford humans had evolved “through a process of natural selection.” (See Charles Darwin, Wikipedia.) Darwin’s views were controversial. Wasn’t man created by God? There is such a thing as Scientific Racism (see Wikipedia), but Darwin was not a racist.
Lafayette and Washington
Gilbert Motier de Lafayette was a very good friend of George Washington. He named one his sons after the 1st President of the United States. (See Georges Washington de La Fayette, Wikipedia.) George Washington de La Fayette, Lafayette’s son went to the United States during the French Revolution. He studied at Harvard and lived at the home of George Washington and Americans did all they could to save the life of the Lafayette’s during the French Revolution. As for Thomas Jefferson, during his stay in France, just prior to the French Revolution, he was a distinguished guest at Lafayette’s home. Lafayette was an abolitionist and a Mason. He was a member of la Société des amis des Noirs  (The Society of Friends of the Blacks). In a letter to George Washington, written in 1783, “he urged the emancipation of slaves and their establishment as tenant farmers.” (See Gilbert Motier de Lafayette, Wikipedia.) He bought land in the French colony of Cayenne to “experiment.” However, there was little he could to do to change the embedded mindset of his American friends. Slavery had long been looked upon as morally acceptable and the slaves were blacks, an inferior race, and one did not have to pay slaves.
Gilbert Motier, marquis de Lafayette by Joseph-Désiré Court, 1791 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Conclusion
By rescinding DACA, President Trump would show that he has little respect for immigrants, especially, but not necessarily, coloured immigrants. DACA beneficiaries arrived in the United States as minors and, at times, alone. The only home they know is the United States. If President Trump deports immigrants who arrived to the United States as minors, and, at times, unaccompanied, America will not be “great again;” it will be cruel and it will be walking back to an age when immigration to the United States was restricted to “”free white persons of good character.” Immigration to the United States is currently taking a turn for the worse. DACA beneficiaries featured in the photograph inserted at the top of this post are dark-skinned.
I prefer to think that ethnicity is not a factor in the Trump administration’s decision to deport DACA beneficiaries. But what about immigrants from the Near to Middle East. They may have pale skin, but ethnicity might deprive them of a home.
In a letter to his wife Adrienne, Lafayette wrote:
“The welfare of America is bound closely to the welfare of all humanity. She [America] is to become the honored and safe asylum of liberty! Adieu! Darkness does not suffer me to continue longer. But if my fingers were to follow my heart, I should need no daylight to tell you how I suffer far away from you, and how I love you.” (See Adrienne de La Fayette, Wikipedia.)
When Lafayette was in United States, it was a country in the making, a project. And it is still a project. It took a long time to accept African-Americans as citizens of America. As for DACA, Mr Trump might change his mind and not deport them. President Trump wants to reverse every decision made by the Obama administration. The Affordable Care Act is his main target.
In all likelihood the Founding Fathers believed that “all men were created equal,” but they lived in an age when humans looked upon the blacks and American Indians, as inferior to white men. Matters have changed. The United States
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Thomas Jefferson (History)
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Sources and Resources
George Washington (Wikipedia)
George Washington (History)
John Adams (Wikipedia)
John Adams (History)
Thomas Jefferson (Wikipedia)
Thomas Jefferson (History)
James Madison (Wikipedia)
James Madison (History)
History of Immigration to the United States, Wikipedia
Immigration to the United States, Wikipedia
Alien and Sedition Acts, Britannica
Lafayette (Britannica)
Books by Darwin are Gutenberg EBook Publications
Gobineau’s L’Essai sur l’inégalité des races humaines, is a Wikisource FR
Gobineau’s The Inequality of Human Races is an Internet Archive Publication EN
Love to everyone ♥
John Adams by John Trumbull, 1793 (Wikipedia)
© Micheline Walker 30 October 2017 WordPress
              DACA: from the beginning… The above photograph features DREAMers or beneficiaries of DACA, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.
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brookstonalmanac · 5 months
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Events 4.20 (before 1920)
1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. 1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet, under heavy fire from the shore, at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City). 1752 – Start of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in the Burmese Civil War (1740–57). 1770 – The Georgian king, Erekle II, abandoned by his Russian ally Count Totleben, wins a victory over Ottoman forces at Aspindza. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Siege of Boston begins, following the battles at Lexington and Concord. 1789 – George Washington arrives at Grays Ferry, Philadelphia, while en route to Manhattan for his inauguration. 1792 – France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars. 1800 – The Septinsular Republic is established. 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory. 1828 – René Caillié becomes the second non-Muslim to enter Timbuktu, following Major Gordon Laing. He would also be the first to return alive. 1836 – U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory. 1859 – Daniel E. Sickles, a New York Congressman, is acquitted of the murder of Philip Barton Key on grounds of temporary insanity. The case marked the first successful use of the "temporary insanity" legal defense. 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia. 1861 – Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, attempting to display the value of balloons, makes record journey, flying 900 miles from Cincinnati to South Carolina. 1862 – Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the experiment disproving the theory of spontaneous generation. 1865 – Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion. 1876 – The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War. 1884 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Humanum genus, condemning Freemasonry. 1898 – U.S. President William McKinley signs a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War. 1902 – Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride. 1908 – Opening day of competition in the New South Wales Rugby League. 1914 – Nineteen men, women, and children participating in a strike are killed in the Ludlow Massacre during the Colorado Coalfield War. 1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, a.k.a. The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims, his final victories before his death the following day.
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brookstonalmanac · 7 months
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Events 3.13
624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. 1591 – At the Battle of Tondibi in Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. 1639 – Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard. 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, falls to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias (part of the War of Jenkins' Ear) begins. 1781 – William Herschel discovers Uranus. 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in the Coup of 1809. 1811 – A French and Italian fleet is defeated by a British squadron off the island of Vis in the Adriatic during the Napoleonic Wars. 1826 – Pope Leo XII publishes the apostolic constitution Quo Graviora in which he renewed the prohibition on Catholics joining freemasonry. 1845 – Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist. 1848 – The German revolutions of 1848–1849 begin in Vienna. 1862 – The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves is passed by the United States Congress, effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation. 1884 – The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885. 1888 – The eruption of Ritter Island triggers tsunamis that kill up to 3,000 people on nearby islands. 1900 – British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War. 1920 – The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin. 1930 – The news of the discovery of Pluto is announced by Lowell Observatory. 1940 – The Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union officially ends after the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty. 1943 – The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków. 1954 – The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ begins with an artillery barrage by Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp; Viet Minh victory led to the end of the First Indochina War and French withdrawal from Vietnam. 1957 – Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista. 1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. 1974 – Sierra Pacific Airlines Flight 802 crashes into the White Mountains near Bishop, California, killing 36. 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d'état. 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world with an undersea segment, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. 1992 – The Mw  6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). 1993 – The 1993 Storm of the Century affects the eastern United States, dropping feet of snow in many areas. 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland. 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader. 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints. 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children. 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio taking the name Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church. 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people. 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people. 2020 – President Donald Trump declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a national emergency in the United States. 2020 – Breonna Taylor is killed by police officers who were forcibly entering her home in Louisville, Kentucky; her death sparked extensive protests against racism and police brutality.
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indiejones · 1 year
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UNMASKING FREEMASONRY. 👊
THIS BLOG IS DIVIDED INTO 3 PARTS:
I. FIRSTLY INDIES GENERAL ASSESSMENT BASED ON EXPERTS DETAILED RESEARCH, 
II. SECONDLY THE REGION WHERE THIS VIRUS HAS DONE MOST DAMAGE BY ITSELF IE THE FREEMASONRY VIRUS MAP, 
III. FINALLY THE FULLY REPRODUCED E-BOOK BY EXPERT ON UNDERSTANDING & EXTERMINATING IT.
______________________________________________________________
I. INDIES GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF FREEMASONRY (FROM VARIOUS EXPERT SOURCES & AUTHORITIES ON THE SUBJECT ONLINE, FOREMOST BEING DR SELWYN STEVENS, WHOSE BEST-SELLING BOOK, NOW IN FREE E-BOOK FORM IS REPRODUCED BELOW! )
It came into being in 1200’s in Scotland, initially consisting of people building churches, cathedrals etc. The Operative ones, are into the traditional construction business. These people, being largely illiterate at the time, began a custom of using secret handshakes, different for different competencies & skill levels, & formed a secret society among themselves. Now a lot of these people being not too sophisticated developed a deeply cynical view of the life around them, & began to develop a totally baseless & unjustified or totally uncorroborated sub-alternative vie of life around them ie a conspiracy theory for many of the different big aspects of life around, w/o any substantiation, a feeling that over time, became not their assessment, but a desire for the same. Turns out this nature of thinking was not restricted to the lower classes of people, but even many in the upper class, thus leading to the incorporation of both classes into these rotarian like clubs, but in keeping with the all-prevalent divide, morphed into the degree of lodges ie a class lodge culture among these secret societies, with lower classes inducted for the first 3 degrees, more like a cover for the higher degrees, with the upper degrees reserved, by 1600s-1700s, for ppl who were generally the landed gentry of Europe and Britain in particular, & having lotsa money & too much free time in hand, that got into societies like the Theosophical Society & Knights Templar, Golden Dawn, & other such orgs, some even actively getting involved in plots against the Govts of their time and so on, & these masonic lodges kinda became the place to go to, to discuss & even plot these things quietly. 
By 1700’s, many Speculative freemasons were inducted, who may have been lawyers, politicians, accountants, & many other professions, & when the Grand Lodge of London came to being in 1717, all the Christian elements were removed from its Constitution, & thereafter, per Dr. Selwyn Stevens, foremost authority researching these secret organizations, most Govts of Asia & Africa & Singapore, & all those controlled once by the British Empire, came to be under Masonic control. 
Simon Bolivar used the Masonic network to overthrow Govts across the entire Latin America even, as also the French revolution which is said to have been mechanized by the freemason umbrella. 
Predominant reason for joining, is for hogging ahead in business, as they make secret deals with each other, & the pride & petty power lust in knowing secrets others don’t, glued together finally by the induced fear of sharing those secrets at any time, enshrined within meetings in form of threats like having their necks or heart or stomach cut out.
Now a key aspect of the ritualism which is key to Freemasonry over all these centuries, is how these groups actually promise to look after their own, even if a brother mason commits a murder or treason, even if that means lying under oath in courts at times.
In the lower degrees, they do a good job in keeping the veil that it’s a Christian group, & it’s only when they reach the top 3 degrees, 30 degree onwards, are they told that they worship Lucifer, & they have to break 5 of the 10 Commandments of God to move ahead or even stand their ground, numbers 1,2,3,6 & 9. Ie allowing for having other self-made Gods, entertaining symbolism to promote them, using name & idea of God in vain for self-concocted purposes, murdering if necessary to promote their cause, & use of deliberate lying to achieve objectives.
So what these groups effectively become by higher levels, is an anti-God cult, & with large number of people in police, political establishment (incl very top) & big business, & that alongside ppl in big time criminality, incorporated into their brotherhood, have built up a air-tight network capable over past 500 yrs, in effectively becoming super-Govt authorities across the world.
 Many of these groups even use all the superficiality of all religions & their names & symbolism, to deceive their actual meanings, a meaning or code only made known to own society members. So every virtuous word for eg in religious text, can derive the opposite meaning for members of this anti-god group in their heads, unbeknownst to others. 
Some of their variant offshoots also steal skull & bones, to induce fear among members & have become kinda like death-cults in their zeal, also referred to as Illuminati in some circles.
Effectively a super-large overlording Multinational Corporate Gang, with simultaneous sleeper or semi-sleeper or fully active cells in many nations.  
A TOTALITARIAN PRO-EXTREME CAPITALISM/COMMUNISM SUPER-GOVERNMENTAL SUPER-LEADERSHIP, WITH REGRESSIVELY SLAVISH FOLLOWERSHIP DOWN THE HIERARCHICAL LADDER...IN THE UNDERWORLD!
And scariest of all, being worshipers of The Devil/Shaitaan, their Gods being their anointed Gang-leaders at whatever levels, are restricted by no morals,even free to follow most archaic barbaric beliefs,even if amounting to total destruction, for organizational gain.  
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II. FREEMASONRY MAP -
 Per my info, ~40% of America is into #Freemasonry, with ~60% who've been a part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while. 'Tis this man-made virus that's disintegrated USA by ~60% over the last 30 yrs (on a mass level since 90s). ~60% of Australians are actively into #Freemasonry, with ~70% who've been part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while, edging USA as No. 1 in recruits. And this man-made virus has disintegrated Aus by ~30% over last 20 yrs (on a mass level since Y2K). Same goes for England & Great Britain, the oldest laboratories & super-spreaders, who're per my info, ~65% & ~40% into #Freemasonry today. They too 've been disintegrated by ~50% over past 35 yrs by the mass spread of this virus, since 90s!
Also per my info, ~30% of Canada is actively into #Freemasonry, with ~40% who've been a part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while. 'Tis this man-made virus having disintegrated Canada by ~50% over the last 30 yrs (on a mass level since 90s).
Also per my info, ~40% of New Zealand is actively into #Freemasonry, with ~50% who've been a part of it, this anti-God & God-deceiving cult for a while. 'Tis this man-made virus having disintegrated Canada by ~20% over the last 30 yrs (on a mass level since 90s).
Oh God!
And you know what's scary for #India, while only 0.4% India is into #Freemasonry....it includes ~63% of it’s Civil services   inducted by the British since Independence   (ya, the same one you give your UPSC exams for, & part of which controls the nation’s elections too),...furthermore, 40% of Bollywood today is controlled by an Establishment actively enrolled into #Freemasonry !  
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III. THE EXPERT'S GUIDEBOOK TO UNDERSTANDING & EXTERMINATING FREEMASONRY! -
UNMASKING FREEMASONRY - REMOVING THE HOODWINK - BY DR. SELWYN STEVENS. 
(REPRODUCTION OF THE FREE E-BOOK).
CONTENTS
Foreword by Dr. C. Peter Wagner
4 Introduction 5 Who are the Freemasons? 5 Historic Roots 6 The Birth of Modern FreeMasonry 7 Lodge Structure - Local/Blue Lodge, & Grand Lodge 7 British & Commonwealth Structure 9 World Structure - Supreme Councils 10 The Shriners 10 American Structure 12 Affiliated Masonic Organisations 13 Other Lodges & Secret Societies 14 The Mormon Connection 14 The Illuminati 15 College Fraternities & Soroities 15 Let's Name Some Names! 15 Can a Christian be a Freemason? 16 Oaths that Bind 16 Blind Contracts 17 Initiated into Darkness 18 Secrecy and Deceit 18 The Spiritual Problem with Freemasonry 19 The Religion of Freemasonry 21 The Masonic Deity 21 False Priesthood, Baptism, Communion 23 The Myths of Hirum Abiff 24 Is Freemasonry Recycled Paganism? 25 Who Opposes Freemasonry? 28 Controlling the Pulpit and the church 29 Heresies within Freemasonry 30 The Fruits of Freemasonry - a Summary 31 Testimony of Alan - former 30o Mason 33 Testimony of Havell - former Master Mason 34 Testimony of Scott - family connection 35 Removing the Hoodwink 36 Prayer of Release for Freemasons & their Descendants 38 Petition for Withdrawing (Demit) 48 References 49 Recommended Reading 50 Summary 51 About the Author 52 Resources available by the author 53-54
Foreword-
"Many Christians do not understand that Freemasonry, with all its outward appearance of a positive benefit to individuals and to the community, is in reality one of the most cleverly disguised enterprises of the devil. It is important to know that a spirit of Anti-Christ operates subtly throughout the entire organization.This extremely enlightening book not only cuts directly to the heart of Freemasonry's deception, but it also shows a positive way out towards freedom in Jesus Christ".
C. Peter Wagner, Ph.D. Presiding Apostle, International Coalition of Apostles President, Global Harvest Ministries Chancellor, Wagner Leadership Institute. Author of over 70 books, Colorado Spring, Colorado, United States of America.
INTRODUCTION There are many myths about Freemasonry. (The terms Mason and Freemason are interchangeable.) Most are promoted by Freemasons themselves; others by those with an antagonistic agenda, and still others by those who have often sensationalized what they haven't fully understood. Sadly, some Christians are guilty of this too. There are three main reasons why it has been necessary to write this book. * The first is to inform people about the true nature of Freemasonry from a Bible-based Christian perspective. My challenge to any person reading this book is this; If something is true then it can stand being questioned, but if it is not true then it needs to be questioned. I will present evidence which shows that Freemasonry's beliefs and practices need to be questioned. My attitude is the same as that of Abraham Lincoln, who stated,“I’m not concerned as to whether God is on my side, what concerns me, is, am I on God’s side? For God is always right.”* The second is to bring to the attention of the wives and families of Freemasons details about the curses and iniquities which have been placed on them, and to provide reliable and proven guidelines to break those curses. * The third is to show Freemasons what they are really involved in, especially when their own leaders withhold the whole truth. Freemasons must examine the real meaning of their rituals, instead of just boasting about their good deeds. We live in times when people are clamoring for information to allow "Informed Consent." Because it affects our eternal destiny, I believe the spiritual realm must be treated the same way. Sadly, most people are initiated into Freemasonry without enough knowledge of what they are joining. Time will prove that ignorance isn't bliss! Some Freemasons get very angry when presented with a book such as this, which they perceive (wrongly) to be attacking them and their lodge. Because of this I suggested to readers of the first edition that care should be taken before going to an active Freemason with this book. My real concern is that they may harden their hearts against the truth of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Despite the above comments, several folk advised me they gave a copy of the book to a family member who was a Lodge member, and many of these men have resigned, and came to an assurance of Eternal Life in Jesus Christ. Let me say emphatically I do not hate or despise Freemasons. My purpose is not to attack or condemn anyone involved in Freemasonry, but to present information which would cause them to think again, especially if they claim to be a Christian. I have also spoken and corresponded with the families and the men who have held high office in the "Craft." Their advice and encouragement to put this message into print has been unanimous.
WHO ARE THE FREEMASONS?
Few subjects seem to provoke more debate in churches and families than Freemasonry. Few issues divide churches as often as this "Society with secrets" which claims it is not a secret society. I have on file a newspaper article about the Masonic Lodge which described them as "Rotarians with Ritual." These are the people who run retirement homes for the elderly, and who provide study grants for their young people, particularly those orphaned. They fund many community projects for which they delight in seeking publicity, despite often pretending otherwise. Good works are important to them. However most religious and community organizations do good works, so these are not the exclusive domain of Freemasons. 
HISTORIC ROOTS 
There are many claims about the historic roots of Freemasonry. Some of these are false, and many are embellished to distort the truth. Some Masonic authorities claim a link from the builders of King Solomon's temple, or even to Adam, but there is no credible evidence for either. When we cut through all the myths we find that early Masons were builders and stonecutters for the great temples and cathedrals of Europe during the Middle Ages. Mostly self-employed, they moved from site to site contracting to do the skilled stonework and other construction work. Those free to move about were usually single and were described as the "free" masons.Much of their construction work was done in workshops and by the 13th century these were called "lodges." Over time these lodges were used increasingly for relaxation and social purposes. Still later they evolved into assemblies of building masons (known as "Operative Masons) who made decisions on employment rights and skill training of their apprentices. As they moved around Europe and beyond, they developed special passwords and handshakes as evidence of their membership of a particular lodge, and also to show their particular level of competence and workmanship. This was due, in part, because many couldn't read, so papers of introduction or membership were largely useless. Gradually they evolved into a trade guild. By the 17th century there wasn't the same amount of work around and specialist architects were doing more of it. To maintain the organizational structures they invited non-tradesmen (known as "Speculative Masons") to join, often including the local mayor, sheriff and aristocracy. Gradually, over several decades, these lodges were taken over by these men of influence and learning, many of whom were involved in the religious and political intrigues and subversive movements of the time. This resulted in a significant change of character. During this process, mainly during the late seventeenth century, there was a strong questioning of authority by many people, particularly of the church, due to the corruption of many churchmen at that time. Although many groups sprang up most were driven underground, including the Deists. (Deism is the forerunner of today's Unitarians. They believe that God created the universe and then abandoned it to mankind to make to best of what we could. "For in Deism, man needs no God, and, in fact, through reason and sacred initiated knowledge, or illumination, Deists believe that man can become as God,"writes William T. Still.1 This view differs little from ancient Buddhism or modern New Age occultism.) Most of the modern secrecy of Freemasonry originated from these underground beliefs and the need to avoid suppression by the government and church authorities. Among those who joined Freemasonry were men such as Francis Bacon, Sir Christopher Wren, Robert Fludd, and many others who belonged to esoteric/occultic secret societies such as the Rosicrucians and the Illuminati. It was primarily through such men that much of modern Speculative Freemasonry's ritual was put in place. There is strong evidence of the influence of groups and beliefs such as the Knights Templar (an early order of chivalry which became corrupted by their wealth and power, and which was suppressed by order of the Pope), Swedenborgism (a form of spiritism), Gnosticism (a heretical belief confronted by the early Christian Church), the Kabbala (an occultic book), Hermeticism, Neoplatonism and then later by the Rosicrucians, the Illuminati and the Theosophical Society. These last three were secret esoteric societies with pretensions of world domination by a political and religious elite. Some falsely allege that Freemasonry came from only one stream of thinking or organization. Serious historical research reveals that in fact Freemasonry is an amalgam of many such false religions and philosophies.
THE BIRTH OF MODERN FREEMASONRY.
Modern Freemasonry was born on June 24, 1717 at the 'Goose and Gridiron Tavern,' when four London lodges formed under Grand Master named Antony Sayer. Individual lodges with rituals did exist much earlier than this. The oldest surviving written lodge Constitution dates from 1480. Others, particularly from Scotland and England, appear to date around 1150 AD. During the 18th century, the Masonic rituals underwent considerable revision to expressly exclude references to Jesus Christ and the God of the Bible. J. S. M. Ward 330, one of Freemasonry's major historians, wrote concerning this period, "A considerable amount of excision was necessitated by the alteration of the clause in the Constitution which changed Masonry from a Christian to a non-Christian basis... Anything Christian was eliminated." This process of removing the Christian content was commenced by Dr. James Anderson and sponsored by Rev. Dr. John Theophilus Desaguliers, the third Grand Master, who held office between 1723 and 1738. This work was completed by the freethinking Deist Grand Master, the Duke of Sussex, around 1813. This included removing all reference to Jesus Christ and introducing the mythical story of the long-lost name of God. The bloody oaths to maintain secrecy were also added to the initiation rites at this time. There has been little significant change since then. The evidence of their own historians shows that Freemasonry abandoned any pretence of a Christian foundation almost 200 years ago. The higher degrees, such as the Ancient & Accepted (sometimes known as the Scottish and York Rites) developed alongside but were not always recognised by the various Grand Lodges. These have since been recognised. Freemasonry was introduced into France in 1721, Spain in 1728, the United States in 1730, the Netherlands in 1731, Germany in 1733, Canada in 1841, and then throughout much of Europe, South America and beyond. Growth was mushroom-like. One interesting example was that six different national Grand Lodges had established daughter lodges in China by 1788. There is evidence that Frederick the Great of Prussia, disturbed by the military alliance between France and Austria, joined Freemasonry and had himself installed as the Prussian Grand Master. He then used lodge members to undermine the Monarchy and the Catholic Church in France. This plotting worked very well, ultimately resulting in the French Revolution. One indication of this connection is the use of the Prussian double-headed eagle on the insignia of the Supreme Council of the 33o. (See certificate on page 27) There is some evidence that Portuguese Freemasons used the same methods to undermine and overthrow their monarchy and bring about the revolutions between 1910 and 1921 which also established a republic. There are even claims, with some evidence, which point to the role played by Freemasons in bringing about the first Russian Revolution in 1917, and the later Spanish revolution. Russian Bolsheviks banned Freemasonry after the second revolution. One Masonic Encyclopaedia I consulted mentioned how Freemasons joined together to help overthrow Emperor Maximillian of Mexico, and it went on to explain that almost all Mexican leaders since then have been Freemasons. Similar statements were made of much of Central and South American countries. Pictured is Simon Bolivar, the South American "liberator". Initiated in Cadiz, Spain. He became involved with Knights Templar and Scottish Rites and founded Order and Liberty Lodge No. 2 in Peru. He helped install Masonic governments over most of the continent.
LODGE STRUCTURE. Perhaps you are wondering what all these degrees are about. The charts on the following pages will help. The first three degrees (or steps) of Freemasonry everywhere in the world are known as The Blue Lodge. There are only minor wording and action differences between Blue Lodges in most parts of the world. Those in lower degrees usually have no idea what goes on in the degrees above theirs, and many don't even know they exist. Above the Blue Lodge there are four main streams or branches. First and oldest is the British Commonwealth stream. Admission to higher degrees is by invitation only, and this accounts for about one-third of all Master Masons. Usually the first step above 3o is the Holy Royal Arch. A few follow up the 'York Rite' structure, but most who are deemed worthy of further elevation tend to go next to the 'Ancient & Accepted' or 'Scottish Rite,' to the Knight Rose Croix or 18o, after which they will next be invited to the 30o followed by 31o and 32o.
A select few are admitted into the honorary 33o. Many of the other degrees and orders are only symbolic or honorary and are not operated. Two other streams exist in the United States of America only. It is now possible for American Master Masons to go to one of the various temples around the country, such as in Washington or Indianapolis, and with the right payment and a good memory they can advance all the way from 3o to 32o in a couple of weekends. This advancement then enables them to enter the Shriners or any of the higher side orders. Due to an obvious racist slant by many Lodge members, (because of a cross-involvement with the Ku Klux Klan) Negroes/African Americans have established their own Lodge structure, called Prince Hall Freemasonry. It is a duplicate of the white Lodges in virtually every aspect, although it lacks official recognition by them.The fourth stream is called Grand Orient, and is the most occultic stream of Freemasonry. These are mostly to be found in France, Italy, some other southern European countries plus most of Central and South America, almost exclusively viewed as Catholic countries. Over time considerable differences grew between British Grand Lodge and those of the Continent, primarily the Grand Orient Lodge of France (which appears to have had strong Jacobite connections). Fundamentally, Grand Orient Lodges are Atheistic, while Grand Lodges from England and America (and those affiliated with them) are Pantheistic in spiritual or religious beliefs. There remains both competition and an antagonistic distance between the Grand Orient and the other Grand Lodges. Grand Orient removed the necessity of members having a belief in a Supreme Being, and later admitted women as members of some lodges, including the leaders of the Theosophical Society; Helena P. Blavatsky, Alice Bailey and Annie Besant, who all reached 33o. The Grand Orient developed into an association of freethinkers and atheists with significant occultic tendencies. Following this, a number of national Grand Lodges affiliated with the French Grand Orient, including the Dutch, Turkish, Portuguese, Spanish, Greek, Italian, and those in Belgium, Brazil, Peru, Haiti, Guatemala and Central and South America. All Masonic Lodges are required to recognise all the others and affiliate with the English Supreme Council. There are so many side degrees, orders and affiliated lodges that most of their own members do not understand all the links. Some Masonic authorities record almost one thousand different degrees, as many national Grand Lodges or Grand Orients have their own unique degree systems beyond the usual Blue Lodge and A & A/Scottish and York Rites. Many titles are taken from long-ceased chivalry orders, while others appear to be pompous and self-glorifying.Lodge membership seems to be decreasing in most countries. For example, New Zealand's Grand Lodge has lost more than three-quarters its membership of fifteen years ago, and over one-third have resigned in seven years. Members are ageing and younger men are either uninterested or know why to stay out. In common with many organizations today, some Freemasons are seeking to adapt the Lodge so it will appear more relevant and (they hope) more popular, while traditionalists are resisting any change. In addition, many Freemasons are being taught the truth about their lodge by Christians, resulting in significant numbers renouncing the ritual and religion of their lodge in favor of a relationship with God through Jesus Christ.
WORLD STRUCTURE
The most important Supreme Councils are: Supreme Council of the 33o of the Ancient and Accepted Rite of Heredom for England and Wales and its Chapters overseas. (This includes the higher degrees, up to the 33o, operated in most British Commonwealth countries, including New Zealand, Australia, Canada, India, Malaysia, South Africa, etc..)
Mother Supreme Council of the World of the 33rd and last degree of the Ancient and Accepted Rite of Freemasons - Southern Jurisdiction, (based in Washington, D.C., and responsible for a significant part of the rest of the world's higher degrees and orders. This appears to be the most senior of the Supreme Councils, certainly in terms of numbers and influence).Supreme Council of the World of the 33rd and last degree of the Ancient and Accepted Rite of Freemasons - Northern Jurisdiction, (based in Boston, USA, responsible for fifteen states, each with it's own Grand Lodge).
"Scottish Supreme Council for the Ancient and Accepted Rite of Freemasonry," controls all 33 degrees, similar to the English Supreme Council but including Blue Lodges in various parts of the world, due to movement of Scottish Regiments of the British Army during the 18th and 19th centuries. It has a higher proportion of Roman Catholic members. It also controls the Knights Templar and Knights of Malta degrees, and the Royal Order of Scotland degree. It is based in Edinburgh."Supreme Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Ireland" includes a Supreme Council, and is strongly Protestant. Based in Dublin but strongest in Ulster; similar to the English Supreme Council, although it also controls a number of Blue Lodges in many parts of the British Commonwealth. This arose through the movement of Irish Regiments of the British Army during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Irish Council doesn't work many of the side degrees such as Secret Monitor, Cryptic Council, etc. There are several dozen Supreme Councils throughout the world. These should not be confused with the various Grand Lodges which govern the lower degrees. All Supreme Councils are constituted under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Council of England and Wales; they must abide by the World Constitution which is administered from there; and others are not permitted to have any degree above their Ancient and Accepted Rite's 33o.
THE SHRINERS
The Shriners are an order unique to North America, with membership limited to those who have reached the 32o Scottish Rite or Knights Templar in the York Rite. On first reading of their initiations one might be forgiven for thinking it is a rude hoax or a tasteless joke. However there is evidence that the 600,000 American men who belong to this order actually do participate in mock hangings, mock beheadings, mock drinking of the blood of the victims, and having a mock dog urinate on the blindfolded initiate, among other disgusting activities. This degree has been described by Christian author, Walton Hannah, as "retarded adolescence," and I tend to agree. During their ritual, Allah (the god of Islam) is called "the god of their fathers," so Jews, Christians and adherents of other religions couldn't possibly be members, because their declaration actually invokes a change of religion to Islam.
OTHER LODGES AND SECRET SOCIETIES
The Independent Order of Oddfellows was established by Freemasons. Like its parent, members of this society are forbidden to pray in the name of Jesus, and their Sovereign Grand Lodge of the World has decreed that Christianity is only a sect like all other religions. Their rules prohibit the mention of Christianity inside the lodge, claiming this would offend members who are Jews, Moslems and other religions. Like its parent body, members are required only to have a belief in a "supreme being". They also have a Women's auxiliary called the International Association of Rebekah Assemblies. The Loyal Order of Orange professes faith in the One True God and in Jesus Christ. The Order was established in 1688 by Dr. Gilbert Burnett, to support the cause of William, Prince of Orange, who later became King William 3rd. William's army defeated King James 2nd of England at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland two years later.The Orange Order was formalized in 1794 for "Mutual defence and maintenance of the (Protestant) Constitution" of England. This was believed necessary due to the growth and strength of Roman Catholic and Republican societies, mainly in Ireland during this period. The main force behind the formalizing of The Orange Order were Wilson, Winter and Sloan, all known Freemasons, and two were publicans - not an occupation Christians are known for. The Knights of Columbus are under the authority of the Roman Catholic Church for the basic purpose to promote the Catholic faith. Founded in 1882 in Connecticut, USA, this order is ostensibly a lay organization offering insurance benefits. They operate a closed fraternal order which closely mirrors Blue Lodge Masonry (except for the death-curse oaths, which only occur in their fourth degree) with secret initiation rites, recognition signs, passwords and grips and a commitment to support and protect one another. In some parts of America, Knights of Columbus and Freemasons hold joint social meetings, and some Catholic men belong to both groups. Their first three degrees do not have bloody death oaths like the Freemasons, but there is a focus on promising to keep secrets, loyalty to their church and order, etc. To betray the order is regarded as betraying their church.
Knights of Columbus have about 1.6 million members worldwide.
THE MORMON CONNECTION. It is no coincidence that Masonic oaths, penalties etc. (often word for word) are found in Mormon Temple ceremonies, and particularly in their Aaronic and Melchizedek Priesthood rites. I have heard Mormons claim that Freemasons must have stolen their ceremonies. Actually the opposite is true. Joseph Smith Jnr. and his brother Hyrum were both Freemasons for some time. There are various views of what happened, but most agree on the main points. Far from keeping the secrets of Freemasonry, Joseph taught them to his followers in early May 1844 and claimed they were "divine revelation."5 By the end of June both Joseph and Hyrum had been killed in a Western-style gun battle while attempting to escape from Carthage gaol. The Smith brothers were in gaol for burning down a newspaper office which had printed some damaging evidence about the Smith's polygamy and other socially unacceptable behavior. Waite's Masonic Encyclopaedia records that during 1844 the Grand Lodge of Illinois expelled Brigham Young and over 1500 other Mormons. It raises the interesting question of whether or not the Masonic penalties were enforced to prevent further disclosure. The Masonic Square and Compass are on Mormon Temple veils, on each breast of the sacred undergarments - even the handgrips are the same. This isn't a coincidence. THE ILLUMINATI This organization was founded on May 1st, 1776, by Adam Weishaupt. He was educated by the Jesuit Order. His original goal was to establish a Protestant organization to fight Jesuitism by using Jesuit methods. The goal included subverting Freemasonry to its aim of world domination by any and every means."Politically speaking, its (The Illuminati) tendencies were republican; religiously it was anti-Christian. It's members were pledged to blind obedience to their superiors, and this was ensured by a strict system of secret confession and monthly reports checked by mutual espionage. After obtaining control of certain Masonic Lodges, Weishaupt and his associates recklessly vaunted their growing power," writes historian Lady Queensborough ("Occult Theocracy" p. 372). Former Illuminati trainer, Svali, from San Deigo, states, "The Illuminati is a group that practices a form of faith known as "Enlightenment." It is Luciferian, and they teach their followers that their roots go back to the ancient mystery religions of Babylon, Egypt and Celtic druidism. They have taken what they consider the "best" of each... and joined them together into a strong occult discipline." In 1996 "... when I left the Illuminati, approximately 1% of the US population was either a part, sympathetic, or a victim of mind control" of the Illuminati."In the Illuminati, there are three classes of Adepts, with three degrees in each.Nursery: Preparation Novice: Minerval: and Illuminatus Minor.Masonry: Symbolic Apprentice, Fellow Craft and Master Mason; Illuminatur Major or Scotch Novice; & Illuminatus Dirigins or Scotch Knight.Mysteries: Priest/Prince/Regent; Magus or Philosopher and Rex/King (Homme Rei or Areopagite.The following quotation is most illuminating: "Freemasonry is a fraternity within a fraternity - an outer organisation concealing an inner brotherhood of the elect... the one visible and the other invisible. The visible society is a splendid camaraderie of 'free and accepted' men enjoined to devote themselves to ethical, educational, fraternal, patriotic and humanitarian concerns. The invisible society is a secret and most august fraternity whose members are dedicated to the service of a mysterious arcannum arcandrum (secret mystery)." Manly P. Hall, "Lectures on Ancient Philosophy" p. 433. Hall was Freemasonry's greatest philosopher, according to the Scottish Rite Journal, September 1990.)
COLLEGE FRATERNITIES AND SORORITIES
These are found widely throughout North America and beyond. Their names consist of two or three Greek letters, such as: Kappa Alpha, Chi Psi, Sigma Chi, Phi Delta Phi, Nu Sigma Nu, Delta Sigma Delta, Delta Sigma Theta, Zeta Tau Alpha, and so on.The oldest is Phi Beta Kappa, established in 1776. There is secrecy, ritual, oaths of fidelity, a grip, a motto, a badge, comradeship and an urge to share values. Most if not all these have been copied from Freemasonry. The hazing or initiation ceremonies are demeaning and sometimes dangerous. The best source for information on these is "College Fraternities - the Secret Society on Campus" by David Carrico.
LET'S NAME SOME NAMES!
Freemasons certainly have the powerful and influential among their membership. Among the better known are Mozart, Voltaire, Casanova, Garibaldi, Simon Bolivar, Anton Mesmer, Johann Goethe, Adam Weishaupt, the first two Napoleons, Samuel Hahnemann, Robert Burns, Henry S. Olcott, Helena P. Blavatsky, Alice Baily, Annie Besant, Charles Taze Russell, Joseph Smith Jnr., Henry Ford, Charles Lindbergh, Douglas MacArthur, John Wayne, J. Edgar Hoover, Norman Vincent Peale, Yassar Arafat, Shimon Peres, Yitzhak Rabin, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, (in fact 17 American Presidents have been Masons). It has been claimed that Prince Charles is the first male member of the British Royal family in over 200 years who hasn't joined the Freemasons. Word has it his grandmother prevented him joining.This tombstone is for British General Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the Scouting movement. The "point within a circle" at the bottom is a well-known Masonic symbol for those who don't want to make their connection so publicly known. In countries like New Zealand and Australia it has seemed that only Freemasons are considered for positions such as Governor or Governor General. Former New Zealand Prime Minister and Governor General, Sir Keith Holyoake, filled 16 of 18 cabinet places with Freemasons, including Sir John Marshall and Sir Robert Muldoon. Sir Keith was also a Grand Master of the Lodge and was in part responsible for New Zealand's Government building known as "The Beehive" - a well-known Masonic symbol. Australian Prime Ministers Sir Robert Menzies, Sir William McMahon, Harold Holt, Bob Hawke and John Howard are or were Freemasons. The political, military and business scene is similar in most countries, including Britain, Canada, the USA, Mexico, European, Central and South American, in fact virtually every other nation on earth which doesn't have a Communist-controlled government. This very incomplete list shows something of the power and influence of Freemasons in our world. The question arises whether many of these men would have reached those prominent positions had they not been Freemasons? The Masonic obligation to give preference to a brother in the lodge must have some effect. Human nature being what it is, some have been 'social-climbing,' ambitious or just greedy for power. The British print media reported during 1998 that one of the Ten Most Wanted criminals in England was installed as Worshipful Master of a London lodge, while at least eight of the lodge members were serving policemen who took no action to bring their new Master to justice. Other examples of similar preference and corruption were also given.
CAN A CHRISTIAN BE A FREEMASON?
This is one of many questions asked. Many Lodge members claim "Yes, they can". But is this true in fact? I believe this is the wrong question. The most relevant question is, "Should a Christian be a Freemason?" After much research I have to state the answer is an emphatic "No!" Let us now investigate the evidence, to see why Freemasonry and True Christianity are mutually exclusive.
OATHS THAT BIND
So, what of these oaths? Jesus Christ was very specific in Matthew chapter 5 verses 33-37 that Christians are not to swear oaths. James 5: 12 confirms this command. Defining a Christian as a believer in, or disciple of, Jesus Christ, and that the Bible is God's inerrant word, on these foundations we must state that no true Christian could take the oaths attributed to (and never denied) by Masonic leaders. The penalty for breaking the secrets at the first initiation, known as the 'Entered Apprentice' degree. "Binding myself under no less a penalty than that of having my throat cut across, my tongue torn out by its roots, and buried in the rough sands of the sea at low water mark, where the tide ebbs and flows twice in 24 hours, should I ever knowingly or willingly violate this my solemn oath and obligation as an Entered Apprentice Mason. So help me God, and keep me steadfast in the due performance of the same."It is known that many British Commonwealth Grand Lodges, and some others over the past couple of decades, have amended these oaths in the Blue Lodge by sanitizing the terms about mutilation. Some lodges have substituted or added to the offending phrases with words like: "... or the no less effective - 17 - Unmasking Freemasonry - - Removing the Hoodwink punishment of being branded as a wilfully perjured individual, void of all moral worth, and totally unfit to be received into this worshipful Lodge..."
Accompanying this oath is a special sign. The right hand, with the palm down and the fingers together, begins with the thumb under the left ear. This is drawn quickly across the throat to the right ear, followed by the hand dropped to the side. This action shows the penalty of having the throat cut and the tongue ripped out. (One other place where this sign and wording may be found is during the Mormon Temple Endowment Ritual for the First Token of their Aaronic Priesthood.)The penalty sworn for Fellow Craft or 2o is to have the left breast torn open, the heart plucked out, and given to the wild beasts of the field and the fowls of the air. The sign is to have the right hand cupped over the left breast, drawing it quickly across the body, then dropping the hand to the side. This action is to rip out the heart. (This is used in the Second Token of the Mormon Aaronic Priesthood, including the oath.)The penalty sworn for the Master Mason or 3o is to have his body cut in two, his bowels removed and burned to ashes which are then to be scattered to the four winds of heaven. The sign is to draw the thumb quickly across the waist to the right hip, then drop the hand to the side. This action shows the stomach being ripped open. (This is used in the First Token of the Mormon Melchizedek Priesthood.)The sworn penalty of the Holy Royal Arch Chapter is to suffer loss of life by having his skull smitten off and his brains exposed to the scorching rays of the noontide sun. The Knights Templar swears to have his head struck off and placed on the highest church spire. Every Masonic degree and Order has a similar graphic death and mutilation penalty.I wonder what the wives of the men who have taken these oaths think about them? Lodge members are forbidden to tell their spouses, family members or spiritual advisors what they have sworn. Regardless of how sincere and earnest these men may be, this oath requires a person to enter an illegal and criminal bond which endorses murder by others if not himself. How can anyone expect God to help him commit such a crime? If he doesn't intend to keep this oath then he is lying and calls on man and God to witness this. Exodus 20:7 states, "You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes His name in vain."There can be no doubt that these are potentially suicide and/or murder pacts! When we reflect that the secrets are trivial, why is it necessary for Freemasons to make such drastic oaths? Many Freemasons claim these oaths are merely ceremonial and meaningless in the modern world. Fair comment, but if this is true, why perpetuate them? If the information being kept secret is so wonderful and enlightening, then why isn't it available for everyone to share? Everything in a truly Christian Church is open to all! Jesus said, " I spoke openly to the world... I said nothing in secret..." (John 18:20).
BLIND CONTRACTS
When we consider that initiates are only given one line at a time and are not permitted to know in advance what they are going to swear, then these become blind contracts which most courts of law would find to be unfair and not binding. Under false pretences the initiate is required to swear to conceal crimes by other lodge members if the need should arise. I was interested to read that the State of Connecticut passed a law making Masonic oaths illegal, on the basis that they were subversive to public morals, blasphemous, that they were murderous and criminal in intent and if carried out would make those involved conspiracy to murder. God's Word requires a Christian to renounce a bad or sinful oath such as this. Leviticus 5:4-5 shows us that if a person is required to swear something which was hidden prior to the oath-taking, God says we should plead guilty to Him, confess it as sin and totally renounce and repudiate it, preferably publicly. When you have done this God says you are no longer bound by it. God wants us to know that repentance releases us from such a vow or oath. This is one of the major keys for removing the consequences of the curses invoked by Masonic oaths.
INITIATED INTO DARKNESS
Freemasonry initiations are humiliating affairs. All metal objects are removed, including any wedding ring. (I wonder if they tell their wives this?) The shirt is unbuttoned to expose the left breast (the reason this is done is to ensure the candidate is a male, for no female is permitted to participate in the rituals in most lodges). The right sleeve is rolled up to above the elbow, the left trouser leg is rolled up above the knee; and the right shoe is removed and replaced with a slipper. A rope noose, called a "cable-tow" is placed around the neck and the initiate is blindfolded. This blindfold is called a "hoodwink." He is introduced by an officer called the Tyler, as "a poor candidate in a state of darkness." (If this man is a Christian believer, then how can he be described as being in a state of darkness? Jesus Christ is the"Light of the World," so a true Christian cannot be in darkness.)There is a spear, sword, compass point or small ritual dagger (called a poinyard) which pricks the left breast and is aimed at the heart, empowering an evil blood-covenant. What fear and bondage enters a person at such times? (Please see the Prayer of Renunciation on page 37 for the list.) Initiations into Wicca (white witchcraft) are amazingly similar, according to testimonies on the video mentioned on page 49, and confirmed to the writer personally by a man who was once a Wiccan High Priest and a 320 Freemason at the same time, without conflict. It needs to be said that at no point in the first three degrees is the name of Jesus Christ permitted to be mentioned, even in the prayers. The excuse given is that nothing must be done which would offend any lodge member who is Moslem, Hindu, Jewish or of any other religion. The Liturgy of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, states "All the Degrees of Scottish Masonry can be received by good men of every race and religious faith; and any degree that cannot be so received is not Masonry, which is universal, but some other thing, that is exclusive, and therefore intolerant."
SECRECY AND DECEIT
Freemasons will not speak with a member who has resigned and spoken publicly about their rituals. They believe this person has broken a sacred oath not to share the secrets of the Lodge, and is therefore an untrustworthy person. As most of their ceremonies are now available from public sources, such as libraries, there really are few secrets. One of the criticisms about Freemasonry is that members aren't even allowed to tell their wives or others what goes on in the lodge. They swear oaths never to reveal the secrets of the Lodge to anyone who isn't a member, if you recall. Many wives of Freemasons speak of this wall of secrecy between them and their husbands, which is hardly a Godly intention in marriage. What most people don't realize is that most Freemasons have secrets kept from them as well. Let me quote from Manly P. Hall, 33o, who quoted this from the Liturgy of the Ancient & Accepted or Scottish Rite. He wrote, "The Blue degrees are but the outer court or portico of the temple. Part of the symbols are displayed there for the Initiate but he is intentionally misled by false interpretations. It is not intended he should understand them, but it is intended that he shall imagine he understands them." This is saying that deliberate deceit is used on those in the lower degrees by those above them.While considering this issue, I was able to listen to a radio talk-back with a Grand Master of the Lodge. As the man in charge of his nation's Blue Lodge, a member of 31o A & A Rite and also of Royal Arch, (explained on pages 9 -13)he should have had a reasonable understanding of Masonic things. On several occasions during the talk-back this man denied knowledge of proven ritual and objects in the lodge, or rejected the claims as untrue. He denied that a coffin or similar object was used during the 3o initiation. He didn't seem to know two of Masonry's greatest scholars, Dr. Albert Mackey or Albert Pike. There were several other examples, but by the end of the radio programme I was left with an obvious conclusion. Either this Grand Master hadn't attended many Initiations and Installations, had forgotten what occurred, wasn't able to read from any Masonic books; or he was knowledgeable and was deliberately misleading listeners while trying to avoid controversial questions. I thought about this and considered the invidious position this man had put himself in. When we recall the penalties for revealing any "secrets" about the lodge, no wonder this man wanted to avoid invoking those curses upon himself, so I guess it must have been easier to deny things and/or mislead people. What a "No-win" situation.
The various degrees claim to teach morality, integrity, honesty etc., yet Freemasons in the lower degrees are deliberately misled by those above them. Anyone who doubts this should check out the charts on pages 10 and 12, and see how many degrees and orders Freemasons in lower degrees are not told about, unless they are deemed 'worthy' to be invited to join them. Why say there are only three degrees, when there are many higher degrees on public record?Freemasonry doesn't offer anything which really helps the souls of those who dwell in spiritual darkness. Rev. Lyndon Ellis wrote, "Not one of the thirty three degrees of Freemasonry contains any spiritual truth worth all the secrecy and curses. The secrecy and curses only serve to hide, deceive and confuse those who would examine Masonry more closely. Masonry takes selected bits of Christianity, but sets them on top of a very anti-Christian foundation."
THE SPIRITUAL PROBLEM WITH FREEMASONRY
Freemasonry contends that the holy book of every religion should be "on the level" with every other holy book. They can then pretend that all the different deities are equal. Freemasons also claim all deities are only different manifestations of the same God. This explains why they accept members from every religion. The diagram on the following page may assist understanding of this problem.& Since these books contradict each other, the same deity couldn't have inspired them all, otherwise he could be accused of not knowing his own mind. There's another problem.*Buddhism, Taoism, Theosophy and New Age Spiritism teach that everything that exists is God, including oneself; *Hindus & Mormons each have 3 main gods with millions of minor gods, and we each have the potential to become a god too; *Moslems, Baha'i and Unitarians each have a distant, singular god; *Jews & Jehovah's Witnesses both believe God is singular if not so distant; *The God of the Christians is infinite, personal, loving, triune, and He wants a relationship with everyone.Any one of the above may be true, but that automatically cancels out the claims of the others because they are contradictory. It is even possible they all may be wrong. Syncretism of these views of deity is impossible - they simply cannot all be right. All but the last of the above views fails to square with the Bible view of deity, and so Christians must reject all the others as false. All through the Bible God warns, (and if that fails He pronounces judgement on) all who worship or follow any other god. The prophet Isaiah records God saying, "Before Me there was no God formed, nor shall there be after Me... Besides Me there is no God!" (Isaiah 43:10 and 44:6). If God states there are no other Gods, since He is in a unique place to know we should take His word for it. Also check these Scriptures out for yourself; Exodus 20:3-5; Numbers 25:1-4; Deuteronomy 12:1-11, 13; Joshua 23:6-7; Isaiah 8:20; Jeremiah 43: 11-13, 44:8; 2 Peter 1:1-2; 2 John 7-10. The bottom line is that Freemasonry is misleading people into thinking that all gods are equal when the evidence clearly shows otherwise. This raises a most serious point on which Masonic leaders avoid discussion. Jesus said "I am the Way, the Truth and the Life; no man comes to the Father but through Me," (John 14:6).
He is emphatic that there is no way to God which excludes Him, i.e. Jesus Christ. That is exclusive. On Freemasonry's definition that is intolerant - the Moslem, the Hindu, the Jew and all the others cannot and will not accept Jesus as the only way to God. They deny His deity. They deny His sacrifice on Calvary for the sins of the world.Can you see why there is a serious problem Freemasonry? The Liturgy I quoted from on page 22 went on to state that there was nothing to offend the Moslem, the Hindu or the Jew. If that is the case, then it must offend Christians because the others deny the way of true salvation through Jesus Christ alone.
THE RELIGION OF FREEMASONRY
The Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand wrote that "Freemasonry is not a religion although its teachings have a religious character." He is copying a quote used widely in Masonic literature. This really is double-talk. If you look like a sheep, "baa" like a sheep, live with other sheep and grow wool like other sheep then you shouldn't mind when we call you a sheep. Belief in a Supreme Being is compulsory (except in the Grand Orient), lodge buildings are modelled on temples, hymns are sung, a 'Volume of the Sacred Law' is prominent, (maybe the Bible, or the Koran, the Book of Mormon, the Hindu's Vedas or Upanishads, etc.), there is a Chaplain and an altar, a "Worshipful Master," prayers are offered, there is worship, ritual and the demand for a commitment to the grave along with the offer of salvation to the "Grand Lodge in the sky."
It sounds like a religion, but let us carefully check their own authorities before we jump to confusions.According to W. L. Wilmhurst, "A brother may legitimately say 'Masonry is my religion." Henry Wilson Coil says that Masonry is a religion as defined by the dictionary, and also fits the definition of a church as well. Dr. Albert Mackey was the High Priest of the General Grand Chapter and Secretary-General of the Southern Supreme Council of 33o. He states "Freemasonry may rightfully claim to be called a religious institution." Frank Higgins wrote that "Freemasonry is the parent of all religion." J. S. M. Ward wrote "Freemasonry is a significant organised school of mysticism entitled to be called a religion." According to Sovereign Grand Commander Albert Pike, "Every Masonic Lodge is a temple of religion, and its teachings are instruction in religion." These men were among the highest ranked Freemasons, all in the 33o. None of them seemed embarrassed about calling Freemasonry a religion. "For every masonic writer who says that Freemasonry is not a religion, there are five masonic writers who claim that it is a pagan religion. While they may disagree as to which pagan religion, they are all agreed that Christianity is wrong and its teachings must not be allowed in the Lodge. If Freemasonry were truly neutral when it came to religion, like the Boy Scouts, A.A. or the YMCA, then why has it allowed Albert Pike to teach his Aryan religion, Manly P. Hall to teach his Mystery Religion, (Lynn) Perkins to teach New Age Religion, etc., If Christianity cannot be openly taught in the lodge, then neither should any other religion. But the fact that pagan religions are being openly taught in the lodge meetings reveals that Pike's anti-Christian bigotry ...has won the day so far as modern Masonry is concerned," wrote Dr. Robert Morey. The question is not whether Freemasonry is a religion or not, but rather which kind of religion?
THE MASONIC DEITY
According to Martin Wayne, "A true Mason must forfeit his own religious beliefs in who God is and accept the new god of Masonry."15 One of the fabricated secrets of Freemasonry is the imaginary "lost name of God." This is first revealed to a Freemason only when they are admitted to the Holy Royal Arch degree. Before this God is referred as "The Great Architect of the Universe"; the "Grand Geometrician"; or the "Universal Ruler." Other building terminology is also used. Freemason's deity is named "Jahbulon." Jah is claimed to be Yahweh, or Jehovah of the Jews; Bul or Baal is the fertility god of the Canaanites and Syrians; and On or Osiris is the Egyptian god of the underworld. Christians who believe this "deity" is Jesus are being deceived into committing a blasphemous idolatry! The Old Testament records plainly that God's severest judgement fell on Israel when they worshipped Baal, the evil demonic power who required human sacrifices and other abominations. (See the story of Elijah in 1 Kings 18.)I agree with former Lodge Master Edmond Ronayne, who states "The very religious philosophy and false worship which caused Jehovah to destroy His own temple and banish into captivity His ancient people, are precisely the same philosophy and worship which modern Masons profess shall fit them for the glories of heaven." In some degrees, the deity of Freemasonry is named as "Abaddon," which the Bible describes as a destructive evil spirit (Revelation 9:11). The gods to be worshipped as revealed in the 24o are Osiris, Isis and Horus, from ancient Egypt. In the 26o the gods to be worshipped are Odin, Frea and Thor, from the Druids. In the 31o the ceremony explains ancient Egyptian beliefs regarding the Afterlife, including being taken to the Council of (Egyptian) gods for judgement. In the 32o Scottish Rite it is explained that the Masonic trinity is called "AUM," - A for Brahma the creator; U for Vishnu the preserver; and M for Shiva the destroyer - Hindu deities. (The original letters were in Sanskrit.) What are all these pagan gods doing in an organization which claims to be acceptable to Christians? One of the major mysteries Freemasons are taught to seek after is enlightenment about the name of the Great Unknowable Deity. The God of the Bible reveals a great deal about Himself through that book, including His name and many of His attributes of personality. Freemasons are seeking what and who Christians already know. The One True God of the Bible (see Deuteronomy 6:4 and John 17:3) is not amalgamated with or manifested through these other false deities because they are idolatrous and under God's divine judgement.
"Great is the LORD and most worthy of praise; He is to be feared above all gods. For all the gods of the nations are idols, but the LORD made the heavens." (1 Chronicles 16:25-26.) "This is what the LORD says... "I am the first and I am the last; apart from me there is no God." (Isaiah 44:6). Only Satan himself could be happy at how many men he has deceived through the worship of Freemasonry's false gods.
FALSE PRIESTHOOD, BAPTISM, & COMMUNION
When a Freemason is initiated into the l9o of the A & A/Scottish Rite he is anointed with oil and proclaimed to be a "Priest forever after the Order of Melchizedek." Hebrews 7:24 states that this Order of Melchizedek is unchangeable (Strongs 531 = "aparabatos" in the Greek, the exclusive and untransferable) possession of Jesus Christ. It cannot be shared with anyone else, and the term can also mean "without successor."This means that any person who claims to belong to this order, according to the Bible, is claiming to be Jesus Christ. The credentials to be Israel's Messiah and the Savior of the World are required from all who have passed through the 19o. Otherwise they are guilty of a great blasphemy. The same applies to all Mormon men who enter their Melchizedek Priesthood. In the 26o the Candidate is baptized in water "for his soul's purification." It is then free, following death, to return to the Universal Soul or deity. This is blatant Gnosticism, has much in common with Buddhism, and is a blasphemy to Christians, as well as to Jews and Moslems.The 18o is often held up as the "Christian Degree," but reading through the ceremony shows there is a warping of the Scriptures which disproves this claim. The symbols used include the Pelican (which feeds its young with its own blood - a mockery of Communion); the blood red Rose (which is claimed to be the symbol of secrecy and silence, and also the symbol of dawn - the resurrection of light); and the serpent (the mythical symbol of wisdom). This 18o ceremony claims that the death of Jesus was a "dire calamity." Why? Surely only those who reject the atoning work of Jesus Christ on the Cross of Calvary could suggest such a thing. If this were truly a "Christian degree" as is claimed, the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ should be boldly proclaimed as the ultimate victory over sin and evil. Wrongly claiming the work at Calvary as a calamity again proves both the anti-Christian bias of Freemasonry, and that individual Freemasons have not understood the Bible message of Christ's atoning work.THE MYTHS OF HIRAM ABIFF In the ritual of the Third or Master Mason Degree there is acted out the myth of Hiram Abiff. Every Fellowcraft Freemason being initiated into the Third degree represents Hiram Abiff, and the mythical drama unfolds in such a convincing way it is usually accepted as historic fact. Most of this story, however, is a fabrication to suit the pagan rituals and purposes of Freemasonry. For example, nowhere in the Bible is there any mention of his death. Hiram is portrayed as a senior workman in brass and other metals during the construction of Israel's temple in Jerusalem during the time of King Solomon. Three Fellowcraft or 2nd Degree men demand to learn from Hiram the secret of the Master Mason. These men shake and push Hiram around, and when he refuses to divulge the secret, he is killed by the third ruffian. His body is then hastily buried to cover the crime. After being missed, a search locates Hiram's body buried under an Acacia tree. While others of lower rank vainly attempt to resurrect Hiram, the Worshipful Master, representing King Solomon, then raises him from the dead, given through the Five Points of Fellowship, and then gives him eternal life. It should be pointed out that Hiram allegedly came from Phoenicia, a country which worshipped the pagan deity Baal, the Sun god. History and the Bible records that King Solomon fell into idolatry through his acceptance of this and other pagan gods. While using Bible characters and some verses to tell this story, most is myth concocted during the past two centuries. According to the Masonic version of events, Hiram's body is later reburied near the temple. This is not a resurrection but a re-interment. Resurrected people aren't re-buried! But the mythical symbolizm of Hiram's raising does have a purpose. According to eminent Masonic scholar Albert Mackey, "...the succeeding portions of the legend are intended to convey the sublime symbolism of a resurrection from the grave, and a new birth into a future life."
Mackey goes on to describe the Masonic hope of each member, after yielding to death, being then raised into eternity by a word from the "Grand Master of the Universe", followed by drawing near the divine presence. Only one possible conclusion can be drawn from this - immortality is offered through the legend of Hiram Abiff. Many Masonic scholars, including Mackey, Carl Claudy, Joseph Fort Newton as well as many Ritual books/Monitors all agree on this.
The photo shows the commonly-used obelisk monument used in cemeteries showing the grave of Freemasons. This is based in the Hiram Abiff legend and shows the phallic nature of this religion. When a man has been through the ritual described above, his attention is drawn to the only light in the lodge, (all other lights are out) which is above the Master's chair on the eastern side of the lodge. It is called the "Star in the East." The Initiate is then told "The light of a Master Mason is Darkness Visible." Since Satan/Lucifer is described as the Prince of Darkness, the reference can only mean one thing - Lucifer receives his due worship here. If this was meant to imply Jesus Christ, then why not say so? Jesus said, "I am the Light of the World. He who follows Me shall not walk in dark-ness, but have the light of life," (John 8:12). Jesus never did anything in darkness. The Star in the East alludes to the "Wise Men" who came from the East to find the baby Jesus in the manger. (Maybe someone should provide a compass here, because the wise men came from the East, and went West to find Jesus who is the Truth, according to John 14:6.) A skull and crossbones (or sometimes a whole skeleton) are shown by torch to the Initiate at this time. Several former Freemasons have confirmed these are real bones, not plastic models. Isn't there a law against having human body parts in one's possession unless you are involved in medical research? Morality strongly suggests we shouldn't be playing around with someone's earthly remains. Enough people have been converted out of Witchcraft where similar rituals are observed to suggest this is an evil practice.Hiram Abiff brings the wrong message to Freemasons, and again confirms both the mythology taught as fact, and the false offer of immortality offered by Freemasonry and rejected by Jesus Christ.
IS FREEMASONRY RECYCLED PAGANISM?
Many authorities, both Freemasons and others, have stated that Freemasonry is just the religious beliefs of Paganism. Paganism has been defined as "the occult worship of Nature, attributing to gods and goddesses aspects of nature." This is primarily understood to be a revival of the ancient Egyptian, Greek and Babylonian mystery religions. Here are some quotes which illustrate this."In the Blue Degrees an initiate is initiated into the Egyptian Trinity of the ancient mysteries of Egypt. And this Egyptian Trinity is hidden from the initiate. He does not know at all what he is being initiated into..." (British author, researcher and cult expert, Ian Taylor.) "The God of nineteen-twentieths of the Christian world is only Bel, Moloch, Zeus, or at best Osiris, Mithras, or Adonai, under another name, worshipped with the old Pagan ceremonies and ritualistic formulas. It is the Statue of Olympian Jove, worshipped as the Father, in the Christian Church that was a pagan temple; It is the Statue of Venus, become the Virgin Mary."(Albert Pike, 33o.) "The religious cults in the Graeco-Roman world, Egypt, Greece, Rome, etc., were known as the Ancient Mysteries. These powerful fraternities had very many things in common with our own craft." (M. Haywood, Founder of Masonic Study Club.) "There is a certain difference between... the Christian religion, and the old Egyptian mystery-faith from which Masonry is derived." 20 (Bishop C.W. Leadbeater, 33o.)"The Worshipful Master represents the Rising Sun."21(J.S.M. Ward.) Every Master Mason knows this.
" The point within a circle is derived from sun worship, and is, in reality, of phallic origin. It is the symbol of the universe, the sun being represented by the point, while the circumference is the universe." (Past Grand Master Dr. Albert Mackey, 33o.)" Bacchus died and rose again on the golden Asian plain,Osiris rose from out the grave and thereby mankind did save, Adonis likewise shed his blood by the yellow Syrian flood,Zoroaster brought to birth Mithra from His Cave of Earth; And today in Christian Lands We with them can join hands."(J.S.M. Ward.) "Lucifer, the Light-Bearer! Lucifer, the Son of the Morning! Strange and mysterious name to give to the Spirit of Darkness! Is it he who bears the Light, and with its splendors intolerable blinds feeble, sensual or selfish Souls? Doubt it not." (Albert Pike.) "It is admitted that the secret system of Freemasonry was originally founded on the Mysteries of the Egyptian Isis, the goddess-mother, or wife of Osiris." (Alexander Hislop.) The above are an interesting range of authoritative comments, mostly by senior Freemasons. Obviously there are many other quotes I could mention, but space prevents that. So, are Freemasons Satanists? Not at all. Whether the members know it or not, the god of Freemasonry is Lucifer. Are there any differences between Satan and Lucifer? Yes; Luciferians imagine they are doing good, while Satanists know they are evil. The Bible describes Lucifer as the most important angel God created. When he rebelled against God, Lucifer was thrown out of heaven along with the angels who joined the first ever attempted revolution. From that day of eviction Lucifer was known as Satan. "The real secret of all the secret societies is that they believe Lucifer never fell to earth; that Lucifer is God, and has been since the dawn of creation,"wrote author William Still. Luciferians believe God has a dual nature. They claim he is the good god Lucifer, and the bad god Adonai, both equal in power yet opposite in intent. This is sometimes represented by the circular Yin/Yang symbol of the Taoists and Buddhists, or the black and white checkerboard pattern with the tessellated boarders found in Masonic buildings, (See the floor shown on page 22). Lucifer is sometimes further divided into Isis (the female principal), and Osiris (the male principal). The core myth at the center of all secret societies is that Lucifer is benevolent, seeking to illuminate his followers with special knowledge.Lucifer became Satan when he fell, and his benevolence fell with him. Even Satanists know that Lucifer is one of Satan's myths, aimed at deceiving mankind with false promises of power, wisdom and knowledge. Freemasonry is not spiritually benign just because men in its highest degrees admit they worship Lucifer. The Western calendar numbers years from the alleged birth year of Jesus Christ. B.C. equals 'Before Christ,' while A.D. means Anno Domini, - the Year of the Lord. (More recent evidence confirms Jesus was born in either 3 or 4 B.C.) The Masonic calendar marks years by A.L., meaning Anno Lucis, the Year of Light' or the Year of Lucifer. Both are correct. Since Freemasons teach that the death of Jesus Christ was a tragedy, they don't count their years like the rest of society. This is played out in the ceremonies of the 18o, (the Rose Croix, or Rosicrucian degree). The reason given by their authorities is that the day Jesus was crucified was the birth of Christianity, ever to be the antagonist of Freemasonry, according to their historian Abbe Augusten de Barruel.
It may be true to describe Freemasonry as "Recycled Paganism." However, the spiritual explanation is that a group of people, mostly men, have allowed themselves to be deceived by the arch-deceiver, Satan, whose primary interest is to draw people's worship from the True God to himself. If you want to back the winner of this contest, then read to the end of the Bible, where God has Satan/Lucifer put into a burning pit where he will remain for eternity (Revelation 20:10). God does not want any one of His creatures, including you, to join Satan. That is why He sent Jesus to pay for the penalty for your sins. Those who reject God's offer of salvation will learn the hard way they made a mistake, with eternal consequences. Let us look at three last quotes."It is impossible to exaggerate the difference between the god of Masonry and the God of the Christian. The two conceptions are poles asunder. The difference is so vital that no intelligent Christian can possibly overlook it..." 27 (Dr. C.N. Button, endorsed by the Grand Master of Victoria, Australia.)"If it is wrong for a Christian to pray together with a Jew or a Moslem (or any member of another religion) to the Great Architect, then it is undoubtedly wrong for him to become a Mason..."28 (Vindex, Masonic apologist.) He is right - it is wrong! "Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and wicked-ness have in common? Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? What har-mony is there between Christ and Belial? (The system of Satanic worship).What does a believer have in common with an unbeliever? What agreement is there between the temple of God and idols?... Therefore come out from them and be separate, says the Lord." (2 Corinthians, 6:14-17).
WHO OPPOSES FREEMASONRY?
I have presented much evidence explaining why a true Christian could not be a Freemason. This view is shared widely, including by John and Charles Wesley, General William Booth, D. L. Moody, Dr. R. A. Torrey, Charles Finney and a host of other prominent Christian leaders over several centuries, all of whom condemned Masonry. They are not alone. Let me run quickly through a list of Christian denominations which oppose Masonry. The World bodies of The Salvation Army, Greek Orthodox, Lutheran, Methodist, Presbyterian, Mennonite, Nazarene, Churches of Christ and Pentecostal churches, Brethren Assemblies, The Church of England, The Free Church of Scotland, British Methodists, and the Baptist Union of Scotland, whose report has been endorsed and published by New Zealand, British and Irish Baptist Unions. In June 1993 the Southern Baptists of America agreed that Freemasonry is pagan, unscriptural and in conflict with basic Christian beliefs. Despite this, they still compromised their report, probably for fear of loss of revenue from Freemasons who might resign or stop giving. Such manipulative tactics have been used quite often and only confirm that such men cannot be walking with Jesus Christ. Some Freemasons hold positions of control in some denominations, so discussion on this vexed issue has been avoided or stifled. In addition to the above, virtually every Pope of the Roman Catholic Church between 1738 and 1981 has required instant excommunication for any Catholic who becomes a Freemason. Author David Yallop claimed there were seventeen Freemasons on the Vatican Council. I won't attempt to explain this, but it has been confirmed by former 33o Freemason and Grand Chaplain of New York, Rev. Harmon Taylor. Now when you tally that list up there are few which compromise over this issue. I can find no evidence of any Christian denomination which supports Freemasonry. In spite of such overwhelming opposition from Christians, there are still some Lodges who persist in proclaiming that Christianity continues to provide the foundation of Freemasonry. The evidence says otherwise.
CONTROLLING THE PULPIT AND THE CHURCH
Most Christian pastors know there is a problem if Freemasonry is present in their congregation. Having asked widely, I can report there is no evidence that Freemasons are actively involved in Christian evangelizm in local churches or elsewhere. If they are involved in their local church, they will usually get into the finance and/or administration areas, to control what happens in the church. Many pastors are afraid to preach a message which is critical of the teachings and practices of Freemasonry. However, once a pastor knows that Freemasonry is incompatible with the Christian faith, if he or she still won't address this in their church, their ministry has become compromised and they will become accountable to God for the blood of others, as recorded in Ezekiel. "But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the peo-ple be not warned; if the sword come, and take any person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at the watchman's hands" (Ezekiel 33:6). Since Christian pastors are intended by God to fulfil the role of "watchmen", looking after the spiritual and other welfare of their congregation, they are more responsible. (There are also many non-Christian pastors in pulpits, who aren't born again and in relationship with Jesus Christ, and they cannot lead their people above their own level of spiritual maturity, which is really heathenism).Having said that, when a Christian pastor does take a stand against this false religion hiding in their church, in all probability they will end up with a fight on their hands. I have seen this occur a number of times. There is often division, church splits, confusion, hurting people, especially among the older age group who have been kept in ignorance of the true nature of Freemasonry by relatives who were involved in a lodge. "But they were good men" goes the common cry of such folks. The evidence is beginning to show just the opposite. I was approached by the pastor and eldership of an Evangelical church to come and present a teaching on Freemasonry. They had heard me speak somewhere else, and observed the fruit of changed lives. They wanted to get on proclaiming the Gospel of Jesus Christ. There was no other agenda: they wanted to see people saved, baptized, discipled and going on for Jesus Christ. They did have a dozen families in their church with significant Freemasonry connections, who were acting in concert to seek to control this congregation. The leadership had correctly discerned that Freemasonry had acted as a giant smothering blanket over the outreach of this congregation. (This has been reported to me by evangelists and others on every continent and in many countries, so isn't a new discovery or an invented one.) The Freemasonry families were content with a "spiritual" social club rather than a vibrant expression of Christ at work on earth through His body. I had warned the pastor and elders they would be in for a spiritual and emotional rodeo once they commenced. The leadership discussed and affirmed inviting me to speak at a date some six months out, and also drafted a formal statement on the incompatibility of Freemasonry with the Christian/Biblical foundations of their denomination. Within days, the Freemasons in that congregation tried to call a congregational meeting to have the pastor removed over some invented trifle. Most of the people saw through this ruse and didn't support it. The Freemasons then went to the state executive of their denomination to have the credentials of the pastor revoked. Since he had been a faithful and fruitful pastor in previous congregations prior to coming to this one, his past record prevented any such action. The denominational executive appreciated the pastor's integrity, but not that of the Freemasons. The true spiritual power and agenda behind Freemasonry was revealed through the various attempts to control this congregation. These included control, manipulation, division, confusion, dishonesty and a care for bricks and mortar rather than people. By the time I arrived to teach, there was almost shell-shock among the congregation. Permanent damage was only prevented by genuine and caring pastoring by the leadership. After I had completed my teaching session (which had standing room only), several men came up to me and thanked me for the accuracy of my material, and confessed they had been former Freemasons themselves.
Not a single current Freemason or their family members attended that meeting, which shows a certain bigotry. Now that the congregation had the facts about Freemasonry, and had seen first hand the spiritual blindness of Lodge members, they adopted the leadership's statement, including banning any leader from belonging to any such lodge or organization. All dozen Freemason families left that church and went to infest another church in town.There are some in ministry who might not want to endure such a difficult time in order the deal with Freemasonry in their church. I would ask if your congregation are worth fighting for? I had asked for prayer from our own intercessors for this congregation. I know they also had their own, and several other local churches of various denominations upheld them in prayer during this time. I contacted the pastor again several times, including once some six months later. This was to find out the fruit of the work. The pastor told me that the increase in the number of salvations had been significant, and in fact more had been Born Again during the past six months than the previous five years, and baptisms were also up significantly. Despite a temporary dip in income from tithes and offerings with the departure of the Freemasons and their families, the pastor informed me they were now ahead of budget and were able to plan major outreachs with other local churches to reach their community with the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Despite the difficulties they went through, the faithfulness of God cannot be understated. True pastors will want to protect their congregation from the effects of Freemasonry and other deceptions.
HERESIES WITHIN FREEMASONRY.
This list was complied by clergy looking into Freemasonry for the report of the General Synod of the Church of England in 1988. Syncretism. This claims different religions are equally valid, or may be treated as equal or fused together. Dangerous compromises are committed in a vain attempt to reconcile differing belief systems or understanding of God which are incompatible.Dualism. Masonic and Christian perceptions of God are in serious conflict. No Christian could subscribe to both without suffering spiritual schizophrenia.Polytheism. While a Freemason on his own may believe in only one God (even the one true God) he must welcome all fellow Freemason’s gods at Masonry’s altar. Socinianism. Masons elevate God the Father at the expense of God the Son. Pelagianism. This claims that man was not cursed with original sin, but may achieve perfection on earth and heaven through good works, rather then by faith in Jesus Christ and what He accomplished at Calvary. Christians believe all have sinned and can only be redeemed through repentance of sin and trusting in Christ and what He did.Rationalism. Freemasonry’s titles of Great Architect and Great Geometrician imply God merely built this world and does not intervene in its affairs. Christians know that God asserts Hid will and purposes through His Son, Jesus Christ, and through the Holy Spirit.Gnosticism. Salvation is falsely claimed to be obtainable through learning secret knowledge, a view explicitly rejected by many New Testament writers and all Christians. Also, salvation is such good news is must be shared. Any salvation kept secret from others is not a true salvation but the penalty of deception. Manicheanism. God isn’t all good but the source of both good and evil.
Idolatry. Several parts of Masonic ritual break the second commandment by having graven images and bowing to them in worship.Satanism. All worship not directed solely to the One True God must be, by reason, directed at the arch-enemy, Satan. A former Knight's Templar confirmed to me that Freemasonry's Blue Lodge Ritual requires a man to break 5 of the Ten Commandments, number’s 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9; quite apart from any others broken elsewhere in one's life. I will believe Freemasonry is Christian only when every Lodge Chaplain calls for every member present to repent of their sins and put their faith and trust in the Lord Jesus Christ alone for their eternal salvation. Until that happens, the evidence is overwhelming that Freemasonry is a pagan religious organization whose members are among the most self-righteous in the religious world.
As I was completing revision of this book, I came across the following relevant quotation. "What then is a false religion? Since God is holy and man is sinful, we define a false religion as a religion that has not settled the sin question; a religion that has not taken lying, idolatry, pride, adultery, anger, and all forms of wickedness from a man and yet promises that same man some euphoria here or in heaven. That is what should be considered a false religion. Who then is a worshipper of a false god? He is the one who worships an idol. If an idol is a false representation of God or a god, and the worshipper has never seen such a being in reality, it means that an idol is a false god. A doll, no matter how fine, is a false child, and a mannequin a false man. Apart from physical images, if a man conceives of God as different from the one only true God of the Bible and worships such a 'God', no matter how sincere he may be, he is just like the one who has made a physical image to represent God. Any 'God' that emerges out of such imagination is a false god. Our knowledge of God is from revelation and not imagination. A.W. Tozer says, "Do not try to imagine God or you will have an imaginary God.""
TESTIMONY OF "ALAN" - Former 30o Mason and retired Anglican lawyer.
"I still have many friends in Masonry that I look upon with affection and respect. Many of them are decent and well-intentioned people who I believe went into Masonry for the same reason I did, in that they understood it was a Christian-based organization, in that it gave a humanitarian lifestyle, good fellowship and promoted a moral standard of life. Masonry is like quite a lot of other things, in that it has sufficient moral teaching in it, and even verses taken from the Bible, to give a false sense of security as to what it is. My disagreement is not with all those individual people who are in the Craft, but with the hidden agenda that lies in Masonry with indoctrination, with false interpretations and a deliberate deceit, particularly the majority of Masons who are in the Blue Lodge. I was one who went right through to the thirtieth degree. I have come to a realisation that it is only when you reach the upper degrees of Masonry that the true significance of Masonic teachings are made apparent in any way. It was following my commitment to Christ with the Baptism of the Holy Spirit that I knew I had committed a very great wrong, and that it had to be put right. I admit frankly that there were selfish reasons for my going into Masonry. During the war years when I was overseas I was curious about the fact that some of the men in the unit every now and then went off into a little hush-hush gathering somewhere, and to any enquiries I made they said "We've got a lodge meeting." I didn't know anything more about it than that. I came back from the war and went into my family law practice, married shortly afterwards to my very precious wife and within just over six years we had six children. That sounds pretty hot going, but we had two sets of twins on end, so there wasn't time for much else, and I forgot my curiosity about Masonry for most of that time. I had a business associate who was also a relative of mine by marriage, and who had been a senior officer in the unit I served with. He kept speaking to me about the advantages to be gained from joining Masonry. He knew we were active members of a church, and claimed Masonry was a Christian-based organization. I expressed some interest in it, and was eventually invited to join the lodge.I am blessed with a fairly retentive memory and my progress up the ladder in Masonry was rapid for that reason. I soon went through the first three degrees and then the various offices in the lodge. I finished up as "Worshipful Master," and then at a later stage (I suppose in recognition of my known Christian commitment) I was invited to join the Rose Croix degree, the 18th degree. Much later on I was invited into the 30th degree.
Even through that period of time there were a number of things which continued to cause some unease within me in some way or other, and I didn't know quite how to deal with them, but I want to share some of those with you. They steadily grew until finally I knew I had to leave the lodge completely, after about 30 years in it.The first of these items which caused me concern was the issue of secrecy, because I wondered, if the teachings of Masonry were so true and good, why was it necessary to keep them hidden in a veil of secrecy. I couldn't even share those concerns with my wife, close friends or my spiritual leaders, and had to have that blanket of silence over the things that were revealed to me in Masonry. I talked with my wife afterwards about her feelings and she disclosed to me that when I went in she first of all felt bewilderment, then resentment, and finally reluctant acceptance. I am just so grateful that our marriage wasn't endangered, but she was helped over those years by a good group of lodge wives, many of whom had the same feelings, and they were able to share together.The next thing which worried me was the question of Masonic oaths. I now recognize them as blood oaths, but even without that recognition if you just look at them word by word, they are horrendous. They agree to a vile mutilation of the body in different ways as a penalty for revealing the secrets, before those secrets are even disclosed to the Initiate. This applies to every step in Masonry. You have to agree to accept the teachings before knowing what they are.The next point I had problems with right through was the question of deception and double meanings and euphemisms used in the rituals, particularly in the first three degrees. The definition of Masonry itself given to members gives some sort of clue of this, that it is "a peculiar system of morals, veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols." That certainly gives some hint of what is involved. I was told it was a Christian-based organization, and I knew quite a number of churchmen who were in the Craft, and I thought if it was okay for them then it must be okay for me. But I have realized, after thinking it over carefully, that God is never called God, but the "Great Architect of the Universe," and finally the passwords and signs which were exchanged in a secret way, but never had the meanings been given. These were a few of the matters which gave me unease at that stage. Even in the 18th Rose Croix degree, which is supposed to be the Christian form of Masonry, I came to see there were some parts of the ritual which had a secret hidden connotation with elements of the occult there.The final problem I had was the matter of obedience to the Master and the governing authorities of the craft. The Master takes a significant part in the Craft Degree rituals. He leads the Initiate from "darkness to light" with a sharp instrument pressed against his breast. He leads the Fellow Craft from "death to resurrection" and one can't but wonder if this is a symbolic usurping of the place of Christ in our Christian teachings, putting Masonic teachings at total variance with the Word of God.There are quite a lot of other things which I came to question, but perhaps I will summarize at this point. I came out of Masonry about ten years ago, because in the meantime we had together increased our Christian commitment considerably. The first real questioning of Masonry came through a very close friend of ours who was a retired clergyman, and who was Spirit-filled (filled with God's Holy Spirit). He had family members who were involved in Masonry and felt a very deep concern about it. Through him we were both baptized in the Holy Spirit and from then on my move away from Masonry increased rapidly. You couldn't worship and live in the Holy Spirit and remain with those areas of concern. When I finally left I felt a tremendous release and freedom, and the joy that we have shared together in these retirement years and the blessings in healing and restoration of relationships and provision from our loving and caring God are more than adequate answers to the decision I made.
TESTIMONY OF "HAvELL" - Former Master Mason
"For eight years I was a Freemason, initiated, passed, and raised, if you know the jargon. It simply means I was in the Blue Lodge, and I became in due course a Master Mason. I was introduced into Freemasonry by two members of a church vestry of which I was also a member. I liked and respected both men - they were friends, and I had no reason to doubt their honesty. They would say, in accord with Freemasonry teachings, that I was not invited to join, but rather that I expressed an interest.
That is one of the things which is part of Freemasonry folklore; that no one is invited to join, that a candidate expresses an interest and it is that interest that is subsequently taken up. So two respected friends said this was something I should look at, I expressed an interest and some two years later I was initiated into a lodge.However, nine years ago I decided to resign from my lodge. Then I removed all lodge-related clothing and books from my home, and finally I renounced entirely all connections with Freemasonry and sought the LORD's forgiveness. Why did I choose to do that? Well, let me start with some of the good things, the attractive things about Freemasonry, and perhaps you will come on a journey with me as I work through the list to some of the things I am uncomfortable with about Freemasonry. Freemasons are known for, but generally don't seek publicity for, good works. For example, the building of homes for the elderly, and support for widows and children. Many Freemasons give a great deal of time and considerable sums of money to that sort of thing. Lodge ritual promotes high standards of moral conduct, for example, honesty, uprightness, support for widows and children. They acknowledge a supreme being, any supreme being. For the Christian or Jew it is Yahweh, but for Moslems it is Allah, for others, their gods. It is quite spurious to hold that all are the same, the one true God. Neither the Christian nor the Jew may have any God other than the Lord God the creator. That is the first commandment, and to the Christian, God has uniquely revealed Himself in Jesus Christ. To acknowledge any other god is not only to reject the First Commandment, but also to deny Christ. Christ said, "If you deny me I also shall deny you before My Father in heaven." So I believe that Freemasons, on this alone, are in grave spiritual danger. Perhaps one could express it more strongly than this. Next, Paul instructed Christians not to be yoked together with unbelievers. In my view candidates undertaking the first three degrees of Freemasonry yoke themselves with members of other lodges who may openly acknowledge supreme beings other than God. Much lodge ritual calls on Freemasons to do good works, so that they may ascend to heaven. In contrast Christ said that no man comes to the Father except through Him. He is the way. Paul makes clear that we cannot justify ourselves through good works. Only our faith in Christ is cause for hope, that we will share eternal life with Him. To argue otherwise is again to deny Christ.Continuing on with falsehood, Freemasonry claims that lodge ritual is largely a series of plays that teach morality. Well, certainly they are fiction. The plays, however, present as fact what is fiction, so they may be plays but they have the presentation of being truth. But in the course of this, Bible stories are mis-told and Biblical characters are given roles that they don't ever have in the Bible. There is no biblical support for it. Now, I think Freemasons might argue that this is but a means, albeit an amoral or immoral means, to an end. But I view it as an insidious form of lie. It is falsehood with a religious gloss, and for traditional Anglicans the gloss is also enhanced by a wording which is a counterfeit of 1662 Prayer Book language. So it has this religiosity about it which appeals to people who know that tradition, which affects for example, many Presbyterians and Anglicans. Now Freemasons learn their lodge ritual by heart. "By heart" is a significant phrase. By repeated listening to the ritual and reciting it, members become skilful at presenting it from memory. And this aggravates the danger. Much of what you learn you internalize. But it is not truth, it is falsehood. It is certainly not God's truth. Can I ask you, who wants us to be skilful in presenting falsehood? This same sort of rote learning and reiteration are used by evil regimes seeking to perpetuate themselves. So we put the same mechanism and manipulation to work.Lodge ritual is agreed among Freemasons to be secret. The fact is, of course, that the ritual is largely available through books in most public libraries. However, as you proceed from one degree to another there are always new "secrets" to be learned, and most of us only get into the Blue Lodge and don't see beyond that. However, the problem is that the meaning of this ritual is obscure and questionable. In my judgement, there is sufficient evidence of hidden evil in the lodge ritual to repel any Christian.
It came to a point where I could no longer accept this accumulation of evil. It stood against everything I believed about the Lord and everything I had come to understand about the way He works. So I got out. It took me a long time before I got rid of my lodge regalia and books. I put them out in the garage, and then finally I had them burnt by a friend. It was reported to us by this friend, a priest, that when he had burnt it, there was nothing left. The metal buckles, the hinges, there was nothing - it had gone completely. That day my wife and I found a new freedom, and I rejoice for it. "(The above testimonies were both delivered in public meetings. Minor grammatical and other editing has been necessary to convert what they said to writing. The spirit of their messages remains unchanged.)
TESTIMONY OF "SCOTT"
"While I have never been in the Masons and always held them off at arm's length, most of the men in my mother's and father's families were heavily involved. At the suggestion of my pastor I came to your (http://www.jubileeresources.org) site to use your Prayer of Release from the Freemasons. I didn't have any illnesses, but have suffered from a sort of mild, chronic depression which seems to have been passed down through my father's family. My wife and I prayed the Prayer of Freedom from Religious Spirits first (on Jubilee Resources's web-site) and then came back last night for the (Free)Masons Prayer. To be honest, it's a long prayer and I thought it would be a waste of time, since I've never taken any Masonic oaths nor been involved in their rites.Was I wrong! As soon as we began reading the prayer the Holy Spirit began to move powerfully, and my wife received a vision of the room filling with angels. The energy in the room was palpable, and felt by everyone present, including my two sons, aged 13 and 11. I don't know exactly what was broken last night, nor how it was related to Masonry, but we know that spiritual warfare occurred, chains were broken and we were released from something evil that had attached itself to us through my father's and his ancestors' submission to the Masons.I would never have thought what they did in the past could have an effect on my family and me today, but I am convinced now. Thank you for publishing these prayers on your web-site and allowing their use by anyone who needs them."(The above testimony was emailed to us unsolicited, but welcome.)
REMOVING THE HOODWINK.
One family I know personally recorded the following effects on members of their family from the time two of them were involved in Masonry;* Colostomy (bowel &/or stomach removal) - from the oath of the third degree "let my stomach be removed and burnt to ashes..."* Spiritual searching through many religions, including Christian Science, Mormonism, Yoga, Hinduism, Buddhism and many others (any god will do) - the curse from unholy books put "on the level" with God's Word, the Bible.* Fears - imposed on Freemasons at every degree.* Adultery and separation - quite prevalent in this family until the curses were broken. Caused by the spiritual adultery/idolatry of having every god "on the level" with the one true God, (Hosea 4:12b, and John 17:3).* Eyesight confusion - fears of the dark and of light caused by the initiation of the first degree of Entered Apprentice when a blindfold, called a "hoodwink," is imposed on the initiate.* Heart attack pains and death - from the actions of the first degree with the sharp object placed firmly against the left breast, and also the oath of the second degree for the heart to be ripped out and fed on by wild animals and birds of prey.* Violence - this is a re-enactment from the third degree, including when the initiate is placed into a coffin.* Insanity and allergies - these are among the curses imposed by God on those involved in idolatry, (Deuteronomy 28).In every case mentioned above, when prayers of repentance were made in the name of Jesus Christ, miraculous healings and restorations followed. Counsellors involved in helping Masons and their families to remove the curses and effects of Masonry have noted the following problems which have been healed through prayer in the name of Jesus Christ.* Allergies (e.g. psoriasis of the skin).* Alzheimers disease.* Anger at God.* Anguish (no peace or rest).* Angina (from anger).* Astigmatism (and other eyesight problems).* Asthma (including hayfever and breathing difficulties).* Barrenness (inability to conceive, or miscarriages).* Blaspheming (taking God's name in vain). * Bulimia and Anorexia (based on the death-wish).* Compulsive risk taking.* Death wishes, self-destruction and suicide.* Deceptions through openness to false/non-Christian religions.* Difficulty in receiving the Baptism in the Holy Spirit or using the gifts (1 Corinthians 12).* Having a poor relationship with father or stepfather. * Fears of: death, heart attacks, violent attacks, darkness, light, choking, shame, cancer, man, trusting, the unknown, loud sudden noises, claustrophobia, failure, sickness, rape, betrayal, the supernatural, rejection, panic and many more.* Heart pains and pains in chest.* Illegitimacy (leads to difficulty in finding relationship with Father God (see Deuteronomy 23:2).* Inability to accept Jesus Christ as the only way to God.* Insanity and mental problems.* Learning disabilities such as Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia and Dyspore.* Molestation (both as victim and perpetrator).* Murderous thoughts.* Secretiveness (including being unwilling to discuss problems or hurts).Consider that when prayer offered in the name of Jesus Christ overcomes these and many other problems which have often been traced back to Freemasonry, we begin to realize that the spiritual dimensions of Freemasonry are detrimental to us, as well as being opposed by the God of the Bible. Sometimes there can be other factors (such as involvement in other occultic activity by the individual or their ancestors) but these must be prayed through with competent Christian counselors. Hereditary curses are the spiritual cause of evil activities which have physical, emotional and spiritual effects passed down through several generations. Christians should pray for Masons without judging them. Bring their sins to God in an attitude of love, petitioning the Father for His mercy, binding in the name of Jesus Christ the spirits of deception, antichrist, witchcraft and death. Please remember that "We do not wrestle against flesh and blood (your loved one) but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places," (Ephesians 6:12). This is a spiritual battle, and should be treated accordingly.
Prayer of Release for Freemasons & their Descendants: If you were once a member of a Masonic organization or are a descendant of someone who was, we recommend that you pray through this prayer from your heart. Please don't be like the Freemasons who are given their obligations and oaths one line at a time and without prior knowledge of the requirements. Please read it through first so you know what is involved. It is best to pray this aloud with a mature Christian present. We suggest a brief pause following each paragraph to allow the Holy Spirit to show any related issues which may require attention. A significant number of people also reported having experienced physical and spiritual healings as diverse as long-term headaches, bad backs, nightmares, heart conditions and epilepsy as the result of praying through this prayer. Christian counsellors and pastors in many countries have been using this prayer in ministry and counselling situations for several years, with real and significant results. Some language could be described as ‘quaint Old English’ and are the real terms used in the Masonic ritual. The legal renunciation opens the way for spiritual, emotional and physical healing to take place. There are differences between British Commonwealth Masonry and American and Prince Hall Free-Masonry in the higher degrees. Degrees unique to Americans are marked with this sign “*” at the commencement of each paragraph. Those of British Commonwealth decent shouldn't need to pray through those paragraphs."Father God, creator of heaven and earth, I come to you in the name of Jesus Christ your Son. I come as a sinner seeking forgiveness and cleansing from all sins committed against you, and others made in your image. I honour my earthly father and mother and all of my ancestors of flesh and blood, and of the spirit by adoption and godparents, but I utterly turn away from and renounce all their sins. I forgive all my ancestors for the effects of their sins on me and my children. I confess and renounce all of my own sins, known or unknown. I renounce and rebuke Satan and every spiritual power of his affecting me and my family, in the name of Jesus Christ.True Holy Creator God, in the name of the True Lord Jesus Christ, in accordance with Jude 8-10; Psalm 82:1 and 2 Chronicles 18, I request you to move aside all Celestial Beings, including Principalities, Powers and Rulers, and to forbid them to harass, intimidate or retaliate against me and all participants in this ministry today.I also ask that you prevent and forbid these beings, of whatever rank, from sending any level of spiritual evil as retaliation against any of those here, or our families, our ministries, or possessions.I renounce and annul every covenant made with Death by my ancestors or myself, including every agreement made with Sheol, and I renounce the refuge of lies and falsehoods which have been hidden behind. In the name of the Lord Jesus Christ I renounce and forsake all involvement in Freemasonry or any other lodge, craft or occultism by my ancestors and myself. I also renounce and break the code of silence enforced by Freemasonry and the Occult on my family and me. I renounce and repent of all pride and arrogance which opened the door for the slavery and bondage of Freemasonry to afflict my family and I now shut every door of witchcraft and deception operating in my life and seal it closed with the blood of the Lord Jesus Christ. I renounce every covenant, every blood covenant and every alliance with Freemasonry or the spiritual powers behind it made by my family or me. In the name of Jesus Christ, I rebuke, renounce and bind Witchcraft, the principal spirit behind Freemasonry, and I renounce and rebuke Baphomet, the Spirit of Antichrist and also the spirits of Death, and Deception. I renounce and rebuke the Spirit of Fides, the Roman goddess of Fidelity that seeks to hold all Masonic and occultic participants and their descendants in bondage, and I ask the One True Holy Creator God to give me the gift of Faith to believe in the True Lord Jesus Christ as described in the Word of God.I also renounce and rebuke the Spirit of Prostitution which the Word of God says has led members of Masonic and other Occultic organizations astray, and caused them to become unfaithful to the One True and Holy God. I now choose to return and become faithful to the God of the Bible, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the Father of Jesus Christ, who I now declare is my Lord and Saviour.
I renounce the insecurity, the love of position and power, the love of money, avarice or greed, and the pride which would have led my ancestors into Freemasonry. I renounce all the fears which held them in Freemasonry, especially the fears of death, fears of men, and fears of trusting, in the name of Jesus Christ. I renounce every position held in the lodge by any of my ancestors or myself, including Grand Master, Worshipful Master, or any other occultic title. I renounce the calling of any man "Master," for Jesus Christ is my only master and Lord, and He forbids anyone else having that title. I renounce the entrapping of others into Freemasonry, and observing the helplessness of others during the rituals. I renounce the effects of Masonry passed on to me through any female ancestor who felt distrusted and rejected by her husband as he entered and attended any lodge and refused to tell her of his secret activities. I also renounce all obligations, oaths, curses and iniquities enacted by every female member of my family through any direct membership of all Women's Orders of Freemasonry, the Order of the Eastern Star, or any other Masonic or occultic organization.(All participants should now be invited to sincerely carry out in faith the following actions:(1) Symbolically remove the blindfold (hoodwink) and give it to the Lord for disposal;(2) In the same way, symbolically remove the veil of mourning, to make way to receive the Joy of the Lord;(3) Symbolically cut and remove the noose from around the neck, gather it up with the cabletow running down the body and give it all to the Lord for His disposal;(4) Renounce the false Freemasonry marriage covenant, removing from the 4th finger of the right hand the ring of this false marriage covenant, giving it to the Lord to dispose of it;(5) Symbolically remove the chains and bondages of Freemasonry from your body;(6) Symbolically remove all Freemasonry regalia, including collars, gauntlets and armor, especially the Apron with its snake clasp, to make way for the Belt of Truth;(7) Remove the slipshod slippers to make way for the shoes of the Gospel of Peace;(8) Symbolically remove the ball and chain from the ankles;(9) Invite participants to repent of and seek forgiveness for having walked on all unholy ground, including Freemasonry lodges and temples, including any Mormon or any other occultic and Masonic organizations;
(10) Proclaim that Satan and his demons no longer have any legal rights to mislead and manipulate the person seeking help.) 33rd & Supreme Degree In the name of Jesus Christ I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the supreme Thirty-Third Degree of Freemasonry, the Grand Sovereign Inspector General. I renounce the secret passwords, DEMOLAY-HIRUM ABIFF, FREDERICK OF PRUSSIA, MICHA, MACHA, BEALIM, and ADONAI and all their occult and Masonic meaning. I renounce all of the obligations of every Freemasonry degree, and all penalties invoked. I renounce and utterly forsake The Great Architect Of The Universe, who is revealed in the this degree as Lucifer, and his false claim to be the universal fatherhood of God. I reject the Masonic view of deity because it does not square with the revelation of the One True and Holy Creator God of the Bible. I renounce the cable-tow around the neck. I renounce the death wish that the wine drunk from a human skull should turn to poison and the skeleton whose cold arms are invited if the oath of this degree is violated. I renounce the three infamous assassins of their grand master, law, property and religion, and the greed and witchcraft involved in the attempt to manipulate and control the rest of mankind. In the name of God the Father, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Holy Spirit, I renounce and break the curses and iniquities involved in the idolatry, blasphemy, secrecy and deception of Freemasonry at every level. I renounce the Pantheism of the Ancient and Accepted Rite of English and American Freemasonry, and the Atheism of Grand Orient Freemasonry. I appropriate the Blood of Jesus Christ to cleanse all the consequences of these from my life. I now revoke all previous consent given by any of my ancestors or myself to be deceived.
Blue Lodge.
In the name of Jesus Christ I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Firstor Entered Apprentice Degree, especially their effects on the throat and tongue. I renounce the Hoodwink blindfold and its effects on spirit, emotions and eyes, including all confusion, fear of the dark, fear of the light, and fear of sudden noises. I renounce the blinding of spiritual truth, the darkness of the soul, the false imagination, condescension and the spirit of poverty caused by the ritual of this degree. I also renounce the usurping of the marriage covenant by the removal of the wedding ring. I renounce the secret word, BOAZ, and it’s Masonic meaning. I renounce the serpent clasp on the apron, and the spirit of Python which it brought to squeeze the spiritual life out of me. I renounce the ancient pagan teaching from Babylon and Egypt and the symbolism of the First Tracing Board. I renounce the mixing and mingling of truth and error, the mythology, fabrications and lies taught as truth, and the dishonesty by leaders as to the true understanding of the ritual, and the blasphemy of this degree of Freemasonry. I renounce the breaking of five of God’s Ten Commandments during participation in the rituals of the Blue Lodge degrees. I renounce the presentation to every compass direction, for all the Earth is the Lord's, and everything in it. I renounce the cable tow noose around the neck, the fear of choking and also every spirit causing asthma, hay fever, emphysema or any other breathing difficulty. I renounce the ritual dagger, or the compass point, sword or spear held against the breast, the fear of death by stabbing pain, and the fear of heart attack from this degree, and the absolute secrecy demanded under a witchcraft oath and sealed by kissing the Volume of the Sacred Law. I also renounce kneeling to the false deity known as the Great Architect of the Universe, and humbly ask the One True God to forgive me for this idolatry, in the name of Jesus Christ. I renounce the pride of proven character and good standing required prior to joining Freemasonry, and the resulting self-righteousness of being good enough to stand before God without the need of a savior. In the name of Jesus Christ I now command healing of my throat, vocal cords, nasal passages, sinus and bronchial tubes, for healing of the speech area, and the release of the Word of God to me and through me and my family. In the name of Jesus Christ I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Second or Fellow Craft Degree of Masonry, especially the curses on the heart and chest. I renounce the secret words SHIBBOLETH and JACHIN, and all their Masonic meaning. I renounce the ancient pagan teaching and symbolism of the Second Tracing Board. I renounce the Sign of Reverence to the Generative Principle. I cut off emotional hardness, apathy, indifference, unbelief, and deep anger from me and my family. In the name of Jesus' Christ I now command healing of the chest/lung/heart area, and also for the healing of my emotions, and ask to be made sensitive to the Holy Spirit of God. In the name of Jesus Christ I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Thirdor Master Mason Degree, especially the curses on the stomach and womb area. I renounce the secret words TUBAL CAIN and MAHA BONE, and all that their Masonic meaning. I renounce the ancient pagan teaching and symbolism of the Third Tracing Board used in the ritual. I renounce the Spirit of Death from the blows to the head enacted as ritual murder, the fear of death, false martyrdom, fear of violent gang attack, assault, or rape, and the helplessness of this degree. I renounce the falling into the coffin or stretcher involved in the ritual of murder. In the name of Jesus Christ I renounce Hiram Abiff, the false savior of Freemasons revealed in this degree. I renounce the false resurrection of this degree, because only Jesus Christ is the Resurrection and the Life! I also reject the false and pagan view of immortality presented in this degree.
I renounce the pagan ritual of the "Point within a Circle" with all its bondages and phallus worship. I renounce the symbol "G" and its veiled pagan symbolism and bondages. I renounce the occultic mysticism of the black and white mosaic chequered floor with the tessellated boarder and five-pointed blazing star from ancient witchcraft. I renounce the All-Seeing Third Eye of Freemasonry or Horus in the forehead and its pagan and occult symbolism. I rebuke and reject every spirit of divination which allowed this occult ability to operate. (Action: put hand over forehead) I now close that Third eye and all occult ability to see into the spiritual realm, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and put my trust in the Holy Spirit sent by Jesus Christ for all I need to know on spiritual matters. I renounce all false communions taken, all mockery of the redemptive work of Jesus Christ on the cross of Calvary, all unbelief, confusion and depression. I renounce and forsake the lie of Freemasonry that man is not sinful, but merely imperfect, and so can redeem himself through good works. I rejoice that the Bible states that I cannot do a single thing to earn my salvation, but that I can only be saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ and what He accomplished on the Cross of Calvary.I renounce all fear of insanity, anguish, death wishes, suicide and death in the name of Jesus Christ. Death was conquered by Jesus Christ, and He alone holds the keys of death and hell, and I rejoice that He holds my life in His hands now. He came to give me life abundantly and eternally, and I believe His promises. I renounce all anger, hatred, murderous thoughts, revenge, retaliation, spiritual apathy, false religion, all unbelief, especially unbelief in the Holy Bible as God's Word, and all compromise of God's Word. I renounce all spiritual searching into false religions, and all striving to please God. I rest in the knowledge that I have found my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, and that He has found me. In the name of Jesus Christ I now command healing of my stomach, gall bladder, womb, liver, and any other organs of my body affected by Masonry, and I ask for a release of compassion and understanding for me and my family.York Rite I renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the York Rite Degrees of Masonry. I renounce the Mark Lodge, and the mark in the form of squares and angles which marks the person for life. I also reject the jewel or occult talisman which may have been made from this mark sign and worn at lodge meetings; I renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Mark Master Degree with its secret word JOPPA, and its penalty of having the right ear smote or cut off and the curse of permanent deafness, as well as the right hand being chopped off for being an imposter. I also renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the other York Rite Degrees, including Past Master, with the penalty of having my tongue split from tip to root; and of the Most Excellent Master Degree, in which the penalty is to have my breast torn open and my heart and vital organs removed and exposed to rot on the dung hill.Holy Royal Arch DegreeIn the name of Jesus Christ, I renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in theHoly Royal Arch Degree especially the oath regarding the removal of the head from the body and the exposing of the brains to the hot sun. I renounce the false secret name of God, JAHBULON, and declare total rejection of all worship of the false pagan gods, Bul or Baal, and On or Osiris. I also renounce the password, AMMI RUHAMAH and its occultic meaning. I renounce the false communion or Eucharist taken in this degree, and all the mockery, scepticism and unbelief about the redemptive work of Jesus Christ on the cross of Calvary. I cut off all these curses and their effects on me and my family in the name of Jesus Christ, and I command healing of the brain and the mind.I renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Royal Master Degree of the York Rite; the Select Master Degree with its penalty to have my hands chopped off to the stumps, to have my eyes plucked out from their sockets, and to have my body quartered and thrown among the rubbish of the Temple. I renounce and forsake the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Super Excellent Master Degree along with the penalty of having my thumbs cut off, my eyes put out, my body bound in fetters or shackles and brass, and conveyed captive to a strange land; and also of the Knights or Illustrious Order of the Red Cross, along with the penalty of having my house torn down and my being hanged on the exposed timbers.
I renounce the Knights Templar Degree and the secret words of KEB RAIOTH, and also Knights of Malta Degree and the secret words MAHER-SHALAL-HASH-BAZ. I renounce the vows taken on a human skull, the crossed swords, and the curse and death wish of Judas of having the head cut off and placed on top of a church spire. I also renounce the unholy communion.
Ancient & Accepted or Scottish Rite (NOTE: in this rite, only the 18th, 30th, 31st 32nd & 33rd degree are operated in British Commonwealth countries.)
* I renounce the oaths taken and the curses, iniquities and penalties involved in the American and Grand Orient Lodges, including of the Secret Master Degree, its secret passwords of ADONAI and ZIZA, and their occult meanings. I reject and renounce the worship of the pagan sun god as the Great Source of Light, and the crowning with laurel - sacred to Apollo, and the sign of secrecy in obedience to Horus;* of the Perfect Master Degree, its secret password of MAH-HAH-BONE, and its penalty of being struck to the Earth with a setting maul;* of the Intimate Secretary Degree, its secret passwords of YEVA and JOABERT, and its penalties of having my body dissected, and of having my vital organs cut into pieces and thrown to the beasts of the field, and of the use of the nine-pointed star from the Kabbala and the worship of Phallic energy;* of theProvost and Judge Degree, its secret password of HIRUM-TITO-CIVI-KY, and the penalty of having my nose cut off;* of theIntendant of the Building Degree, of its secret password AKAR-JAI-JAH, and the penalty of having my eyes put out, my body cut in two and exposing my bowels;* of theElected Knights of the Nine Degree, its secret password NEKAM NAKAH, and its penalty of having my head cut off and stuck on the highest pole in the East;* of the Illustrious Elect of Fifteen Degree, with its secret password ELIGNAM, and its penalties of having my body opened perpendicularly and horizontally, the entrails exposed to the air for eight hours so that flies may prey on them, and for my head to be cut off and placed on a high pinnacle;* of the Sublime Knights elect of the Twelve Degree, its secret password STOLKIN-ADONAI, and its penalty of having my hand cut in two;* of the Grand Master Architect Degree, its secret password RAB-BANAIM, and its penalties;* of the Knight of the Ninth Arch of Solomon or Enoch Degree, its secret password JEHOVAH, it’s blasphemous use, its penalty of having my body given to the beasts of the forest as prey, and I also renounce the revelations from the Kabbala in this and subsequent degrees;* of the Grand Elect, Perfect and Sublime Mason or Elu Degree, its secret password MARAH-MAUR-ABREK and IHUH, the penalty of having my body cut open and my bowels given to vultures for food, and I reject the Great Unknowable deity of this degree;Council of Princes of Jerusalem* of the Knights of the East Degree, its secret password RAPH-O-DOM, and its penalties;* of thePrince of Jerusalem Degree, its secret password TEBET-ADAR, and its penalty of being stripped naked and having my heart pierced with a ritual dagger;Chapter of the Rose Croix* of the Knight of the East and West Degree, its secret password ABADDON, and its penalty of incurring the severe wrath of the Almighty Creator of Heaven and Earth. I also reject the Tetractys and its representation of the Sephiroth from the Kabbala and its false tree of life. I also reject the false anointing with oil and the proclamation that anyone so anointed is now worthy to open the Book of Seven Seals, because only the Lord Jesus Christ is worthy; 18th Degree I renounce the oaths taken and the curses, iniquities and penalties involved in theEighteenth Degree of Freemasonry, the Most Wise Sovereign Knight of the Pelican and the Eagle and Sovereign Prince Rose Croix of Heredom. I renounce and reject the false Jesus revealed in this degree because He doesn’t point to the light or the truth since the True Lord Jesus Christ is the Light of the World and the Truth. I renounce and reject the Pelican witchcraft spirit, as well as the occultic influence of the Rosicrucians and the Kabbala in this degree. I renounce the claim that the death of Jesus Christ was a "dire calamity," and also the deliberate mockery and twisting of the Christian doctrine of the Atonement. I renounce the blasphemy and rejection of the deity of Jesus Christ, and the secret words IGNE NATURA RENOVATUR INTEGRA and its burning. I renounce the mockery of the communion taken in this degree, including a biscuit, salt and white wine.
Council of Kadosh: I renounce the inappropriate use of the title “Kadosh” used in these council degrees because it means “Holy” and it is here used in a unholy way.* I renounce the oaths taken and the curses, iniquities and penalties involved in the Grand Pontiff Degree, its secret password EMMANUEL, and its penalties;* of the Grand Master of Symbolic Lodges or Ad vitum Degree, its secret passwords JEKSON and STOLKIN, and the penalties invoked, and I also reject the pagan Phoenecian and Hindu deities revealed in this degree;* of the Patriarch Noachite or Prussian Knight Degree, its secret password PELEG, and its penalties;* of the Knight of the Royal Axe or Prince of Libanus Degree, its secret password NOAH-BEZALEEL-SODONIAS, and its penalties;* of the Chief of the Tabernacle Degree, its secret password URIEL-JEHOVAH, and its penalty that I agree the Earth should open up and engulf me up to my neck so I perish, and I also reject the false title of becoming a “Son of Light” in this degree;* of the Prince of the Tabernacle Degree, and its penalty to be stoned to death and have my body left above ground to rot. I also reject the claimed revelation of the mysteries of the Hebrew faith from the Kabbala, and the occultic and pagan Egyptian, Hindu, Mithraic, Dionysian and Orphic mysteries revealed and worshiped in this degree;* of the Knight of the Brazen Serpent Degree, its secret password MOSES-JOHANNES, and its penalty to have my heart eaten by venomous serpents. I also reject the claimed revelation of the mysteries of the Islamic faith, I reject the insulting misquotations from the Koran, and the gift of a white turban in this degree;* of the Prince of Mercy Degree, its secret password GOMEL, JEHOVAH- JACHIN, and its penalty of condemnation and spite by the entire universe. I also reject the claimed revelation of the mysteries of the Christian religion because there are no such mysteries. I reject the Druid trinity of Odin, Frea and Thor revealed in this degree. I also reject the false baptism claimed for the purification of my soul to allow my soul to rejoin the universal soul of Buddhism, as taught in this degree;* of the Knight Commander of the Temple Degree, its secret password SOLOMON, and its penalty of receiving the severest wrath of Almighty God inflicted upon me. I also reject the claimed revelation of the mysteries of Numerology, Astrology and Alchemy and other occult sciences taught in this degree; * of the Knight Commander of the Sun, orPrince Adept Degree, its secret password STIBIUM, and its penalties of having my tongue thrust through with a red-hot iron, of my eyes being plucked out, of my senses of smelling and hearing being removed, of having my hands cut off and in that condition to be left for voracious animals to devour me, or executed by lightening from heaven;* of the Grand Scottish Knight of Saint Andrew or Patriarch of the Crusades Degree, its secret password NEKAMAH-FURLAC, and its penalties;I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Thirtieth Degree of Masonry, the Grand Knight Kadosh and Knight of the Black and White Eagle. I renounce the secret passwords, STIBIUM ALKABAR, PHARASH-KOH and all their occult meaning.Sublime Princes of the Royal SecretI renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Thirty-First Degree of Masonry, the Grand Inspector Inquisitor Commander. I renounce all the gods and goddesses of Egypt which are honoured in this degree, including Anubis with the jackal's head, Osiris the Sun god, Isis the sister and wife of Osiris and also the moon goddess. I renounce the Soul of Cheres, the false symbol of immortality, the Chamber of the dead, the false teaching of reincarnation, and the false god, RA, in the name of Jesus Christ.I renounce the oaths taken and the curses and iniquities involved in the Thirty-Second Degree of Masonry, the Sublime Prince of the Royal Secret. I renounce the secret passwords, PHAAL/PHARASH-KOL and all their occultic meaning. I renounce Freemasonry's false trinitarian deity AUM taken from Hinduism, as well as its parts; Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver and Shiva the destroyer. I also renounce all the other Hindu deities and beliefs involved in Freemasonry, in the name of Jesus Christ. I renounce the Zoroastrian deity of AHURA-MAZDA, the claimed spirit or source of all light, and the worship with fire, which is an abomination to God, and also the drinking from a human skull in many rites.
Shriners (Applies only in North America)* :
I renounce the oaths taken and the curses, iniquities and penalties involved in the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. I renounce the piercing of the eyeballs with a three-edged blade, the flaying or scouring of the feet, the madness, and the worship of the false god Allah as the god of our fathers. I renounce the hoodwink, the mock hanging, the mock beheading, the mock drinking of the blood of the victim, the mock dog urinating on the initiate, and the offering of urine as a commemoration.All other degreesI renounce all the other oaths taken, the rituals of every other degree and the curses and iniquities invoked. These include the Acacia, Allied Degrees, The Red Cross of Constantine, the Order of the Secret Monitor, and the Masonic Royal Order of Scotland. I renounce all other lodges and secret societies including Prince Hall Freemasonry, Grand Orient Lodges, Mormonism, the Ancient Toltec Rite, The Order of Amaranth, the Royal Order of Jesters, the Manchester Unity Order of Oddfellows and its womens’ Order of Rebekah lodges, the Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes, Druids, Foresters, the Loyal Order of Orange, including the Purple and Black Lodges within it, Elks, Moose and Eagles Lodges, the Ku Klux Klan, The Grange, the Woodmen of the World, Riders of the Red Robe, the Knights of Pythias, the Order of the Builders, The Rite of Memphiz and Mitzraim, Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO), Aleister Crowley’s Palladium Masonry, the Order of the Golden Key, the Order of Desoms, the Mystic Order of the Veiled Prophets of the Enchanted Realm, the women's Orders of the Eastern Star, of the Ladies Oriental Shrine, and of the White Shrine of Jerusalem, the girls' order of the Daughters of the Eastern Star, the International Orders of Job's Daughters, and of the Rainbow, the boys' Order of De Molay, and the Order of the Constellation of Junior Stars, and every university or college Fraternity or Sorority with Greek and Masonic connections, and their effects on me and all my family. Lord Jesus, because you want me to be totally free from all occult bondages, I will burn all objects in my possession which connect me with all lodges and occultic organisations, including Masonry, Witchcraft, the Occult and Mormonism, and all regalia, aprons, books of rituals, rings and other jewellery. I renounce the effects these or other objects of Freemasonry, including the compass and the square, have had on me or my family, and I break all forms of slavery originating from Freemasonry in the name of Jesus http://Christ.In the name and authority of Jesus Christ, I break every curse of Freemasonry in my life, including the curses of barrenness, sickness, Arthritic and other muscular and joint infirmities, mind-blinding and poverty, and I rebuke every evil spirit which empowered these curses.I also renounce, cut off and dissolve in the blood of Jesus Christ every ungodly Soul-Tie I or my ancestors have created with other lodge members or participants in occultic groups and actions, and I ask you to send out ministering angels to gather together all portions of my fragmented soul, to free them from all bondages and to wash them clean in the Blood of Jesus Christ, and then to restore them to wholeness to their rightful place within me. I also ask that You remove from me any parts of any other person’s soul which has been deposited within my humanity. Thank you Lord for restoring my soul and sanctifying my spirit.I renounce and rebuke every evil spirit associated with Freemasonry, Witchcraft , the Occult and all other sins and iniquities. Lord Jesus, I ask you to now set me free from all spiritual and other bondages, in accordance with the many promises of the Bible. In the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, I now take the delegated authority given to me and bind every spirit of sickness, infirmity, curse, affliction, addiction, disease or allergy associated with these sins I have confessed and renounced, including every spirit empowering all iniquities inherited from my family. I exercise the delegated authority from the Risen Lord Jesus Christ over all lower levels of evil spirits and demons which have been assigned to me, and I command that all such demonic beings are to be bound up into one, to be separated from every part of my humanity, whether perceived to be in the body or trapped in the dimensions, and they are not permitted to transfer power to any other spirits or to call for reinforcements.
I command, in the name of Jesus Christ, for every evil spirit to leave me now, touching or harming no-one, and go to the dry place appointed for you by the Lord Jesus Christ, never to return to me or my family, and I command that you now take all your memories, roots, scars, works, nests and habits with you. I surrender to God's Holy Spirit and to no other spirit all the places in my life where these sins and iniquities have been. Holy Spirit, I ask that you show me anything else which I need to do or to pray so that I and my family may be totally free from the consequences of the sins of Freemasonry, Witchcraft, Mormonism and all related Paganism and Occultism. (Pause, while listening to God, and pray as the Holy Spirit leads you.) Now, dear Father God, I ask humbly for the blood of Jesus Christ, your Son and my Saviour, to cleanse me from all these sins I have confessed and renounced, to cleanse my spirit, my soul, my mind, my emotions and every part of my body which has been affected by these sins, in the name of Jesus Christ. I also command every cell in my body to come into divine order now, and to be healed and made whole as they were designed to by my loving Creator, including restoring all chemical imbalances and neurological functions, controlling all cancerous cells, reversing all degenerative diseases, and I sever the DNA and RNA of any mental or physical diseases or afflictions that came down through my family blood lines. I also ask to receive the perfect love of God which casts out all fear, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ.I ask you, Lord, to fill me with your Holy Spirit now according to the promises in your Word. I take to myself the whole armor of God in accordance with Ephesians Chapter Six, and rejoice in its protection as Jesus surrounds me and fills me with His Holy Spirit. I enthrone you, Lord Jesus, in my heart, for you are my Lord and my Savior, the source of eternal life. Thank you, Father God, for your mercy, your forgiveness and your love, in the name of Jesus Christ, Amen."
IN SUMMARY:
Freemasonry is a religion in its own right, according to its own authorities. There is little in its beliefs which is acceptable to true Christians. This explains why so many Christian denominations oppose Freemasonry. Church attendance should never be confused - or substituted - for a relationship with Jesus Christ. There is an life-changing difference with eternal repercussions. One friend of mine who was a Freemason for 25 years, held Grand Rank and who advanced to the 32o stated, "It wasn't until I had completely renounced Freemasonry ...and resigned from all my Masonic commitments that I really had fellowship with the Lord Jesus." People are free to choose, but they cannot be both Freemasons and Christians - these are not compatible. Any genuine Christian content in Freemasonry was removed 200 years ago. Its blood oaths are blind contracts to commit murder and other crimes of violence, mutilation and deceit. The god of Freemasonry is not the true God who reveals Himself through the Bible. The true and open union of a couple in marriage is prevented because of secrets which Freemasons dare not share with their wives, most of whom would object strongly if they knew what went on. Those in the lower degrees are deliberately deceived by those above them. Freemasonry holds many people in slavery with a false hope of spiritual, salvation and immortality which emphatically excludes the true Savior and Lord Jesus Christ. My heart's desire is to see these people released from the curses and iniquities which they have brought on themselves & their families, & for each one of them to find the true freedom, service and brotherhood which can be found only in Jesus Christ and His Church. Proverbs 14:12 says "There is a way that seems right to a man but in the end it leads to death." Freemasonry is a road to spiritual death. Don't expect God to ignore such idolatry. It was Jesus Christ of Nazareth who died for my sins and your sins. Jesus Christ is "the only Way to God"(John 14:6 & 1 Timothy 2:4-5) & there is "no other name under heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved!" (Acts 4:12). God says that! If u are a Freemason then I invite u before Almighty God to renounce the idolatry and blasphemy into which u were tricked and deceived. Please pray through the prayer which commences on page 38. If any member of your family (regardless of how many generations ago) was ever a Freemason or any of the other groups mentioned, then every member of your family has been placed under a curse or iniquity. In Exodus 20:4-5 God speaks a curse on all who get involved in the worship of false gods. Everyone in your family will require ministry to deal with this. However, I have some good news for you - Jesus Christ has come to set you free, and those He sets free are free indeed! He awaits your decision now.
REFERENCES:
1. Still, "New World Order -the ancient plan of Secret Societies," p. 28.
2. Ward, "Higher Degrees Handbook," p. 25.
3. Waite, "A New Encyclopaedia of Freemasonry."
4. Rice, "Lodges Examined by the Bible," p. 44.
5. "History of the Church," vol. 4, p. 551-2; vol. 5, p. 2.
6. "Liturgy of the Antient & Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, Part 3, p. 173.
7. Hall, "The Lost Keys of Freemasonry."
8. Wilmhurst, "The Masonic Initiation," p. 3.
9. Coil, "Masonic Encyclopedia," (quoted from Cultwatch, p. 101).
10. Mackey, "Revised Encyclopedia of Freemasonry," vol. 2, p. 847.
11. Higgins, "Ancient Freemasonry," p. 10.
12. Ward, "Freemasonry - its Aims and Ideals," p. 185,
13. Pike, "Morals & Dogma," p. 213.
14. Morey, "The Origins & Teachings of Freemasonry." pp. 115-116
15. Wayne, "Freemasonry - an Interpretation."
16. Ronayne, "Masonic Oaths Null & Void."
17. Taylor, video - "Freemasonry - from Darkness to Light."
18. Pike, "Morals & Dogma," p. 295.
19. Haywood, "The Builder," p. 17.
20. Leadbeater, "The Hidden Life in Freemasonry," p. 131.
21. Ward, "Who is Hiram Abiff," p. 48.
22. Mackey, "Symbolism of Freemasonry," p. 353.
23. Ward, "Entered Apprentice Masonic Handbook," p. vii.
24. Pike, "Morals & Dogma," p. 321
25. Hislop, "The Two Babylons." p. 43.
26. Still, "New World Order -the ancient plan of Secret Societies," p. 31.
27. Button, "Worthy Masons All," p. 20. (Commended by Grand Master, United Lodge of Victoria.)
28. Vindex, "Light Invisible," p. 49. (Anonymous Masonic author who admitted more than he realised.)
29. G.J.O. Moshay "Who is this Allah," pps 134, 135.
30"Blinded by the Lie" by Rev. Lyndon Ellis, p 144-145.
31. “Occult Theocracy” by Lady Queensborough, p. 372
32. Illuminati trainer, Svali, from San Deigo source: http://www.savethemales.ca/141002/html.
33. “Lectures on Ancient Philosophy” by Manly P. Hall, p. 433.
34. “College Fraternities - the Secret Society on Campus” by David Carrico.web: http://www.ritualabusefree.org
RECOMMENDED READING:
For information about Masonic teaching, history and rituals the following books have been most helpful in my research, and I recommend them for your purchase should you wish to study this important subject deeper. I have used other resources but for space reasons I haven't included what I can't recommend.
"Masonic Rites and Wrongs," by Steven Tsoukalis (P & R Publishing) [One of the best researched books I have read on Masonry, and which came to hand after I had completed the International edition of this book.]
"Blinded by the Lie," by Rev. Lyndon Ellis, Queensland, Australia.
"Freemasonry: the Invisible Cult in our Midst," by Past W. Master Jack Harris
"Armageddon Within," by Past W. Master Jack Harris, (former State Lecturer in Blue Lodge Ritual)
"Darkness Visible," & "Christian By Degrees," by Walton Hannah, (Augustine Publishing)
"Masonic Lodge," by George A Mather & Larry A Nichols, (Zondervan) [Another great little book which arrived after I had completed my research.]
"The Brotherhood," by Stephen Knight, (Grafton/Collins)
"Cult Watch - What you need to know about Spiritual Deception," by John Ankerberg & Dr. John Weldon, (Harvest House)
"New World Order: the Ancient Plan of Secret Societies," by William T Still, (Huntington House)
"The Southern Baptist Convention & Freemasonry," Vols. 1,2 & 3, by Dr. James L Holly, (Mission & Ministry to Men Inc.)
"Heresies Exposed," by Wm. C. Irvine, (Pickering & Inglis)
"Lodges Examined by the Bible," by Dr. John R. Rice (Sword)
"Freemasonry - Friend or Foe?" by Donald A. Prout.
"Freemasonry and Christianity," by Dr. Alva J. McClain, (BMH Books)
"Freemasonry - a Way of Salvation?" by John Lawrence, (Grove)
"Should a Christian be a Mason?" by E.M. Storms (New Puritan Library)
"Evicting Demonic Squatters & Breaking Bondages," by Noel & Phyl Gibson (Freedom in Christ )
"Secret Societies and Subversive Movements," by Nesta H. Webster (Christian Book Club of USA.)
"The Curses and Bondages of Freemasonry," by Kevin Ekert (Australian Christian Ministries) {The author is a former 32o Freemason whole held ranking office in the Grand Lodge of New South Wales.)
"The Bondages of Women in Freemasonry Orders," by Kevin Ekert (Australian Christian Ministries)
Video - "Freemasonry - from Darkness to Light," by Free the Masons Ministries, Issaquah, Washington
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Events 4.20
1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. 1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet, under heavy fire from the shore, at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City). 1752 – Start of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in the Burmese Civil War (1740–57). 1770 – The Georgian king, Erekle II, abandoned by his Russian ally Count Totleben, wins a victory over Ottoman forces at Aspindza. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Siege of Boston begins, following the battles at Lexington and Concord. 1789 – George Washington arrives at Grays Ferry, Philadelphia, while en route to Manhattan for his inauguration. 1792 – France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars. 1800 – The Septinsular Republic is established. 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory. 1828 – René Caillié becomes the second non-Muslim to enter Timbuktu, following Major Gordon Laing. He would also be the first to return alive. 1836 – U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory. 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia. 1861 – Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, attempting to display the value of balloons, makes record journey, flying 900 miles from Cincinnati to South Carolina. 1862 – Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the experiment disproving the theory of spontaneous generation. 1865 – Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion. 1876 – The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War. 1884 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Humanum genus, condemning Freemasonry. 1898 – U.S. President William McKinley signs a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War. 1902 – Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride. 1908 – Opening day of competition in the New South Wales Rugby League. 1914 – Nineteen men, women, and children participating in a strike are killed in the Ludlow Massacre during the Colorado Coalfield War. 1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, a.k.a. The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims, his final victories before his death the following day. 1922 – The Soviet government creates South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within Georgian SSR. 1945 – World War II: U.S. troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union. 1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: On his 56th birthday Adolf Hitler makes his last trip to the surface to award Iron Crosses to boy soldiers of the Hitler Youth. 1945 – Twenty Jewish children used in medical experiments at Neuengamme are killed in the basement of the Bullenhuser Damm school. 1946 – The League of Nations officially dissolves, giving most of its power to the United Nations. 1961 – Cold War: Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US-backed Cuban exiles against Cuba. 1968 – English politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech. 1968 – South African Airways Flight 228 crashes near the Hosea Kutako International Airport in South West Africa (now Namibia), killing 123 people. 1972 – Apollo program: Apollo 16 lunar module, commanded by John Young and piloted by Charles Duke, lands on the moon. 1998 – Air France Flight 422 crashes after taking off from El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia, killing all 53 people on board. 1999 – Columbine High School massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado. 2007 – Johnson Space Center shooting: William Phillips with a handgun barricades himself in NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas before killing a male hostage and himself. 2008 – Danica Patrick wins the Indy Japan 300 becoming the first female driver in history to win an Indy car race. 2010 – The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes in the Gulf of Mexico, killing eleven workers and beginning an oil spill that would last six months. 2012 – One hundred twenty-seven people are killed when a plane crashes in a residential area near the Benazir Bhutto International Airport near Islamabad, Pakistan. 2013 – A 6.6-magnitude earthquake strikes Lushan County, Ya'an, in China's Sichuan province, killing more than 150 people and injuring thousands. 2015 – Ten people are killed in a bomb attack on a convoy carrying food supplies to a United Nations compound in Garowe in the Somali region of Puntland. 2020 – For the first time in history, oil prices drop below zero, an effect of the 2020 Russia-Saudi Arabia oil price war. 2021 – State of Minnesota v. Derek Michael Chauvin: Derek Chauvin is found guilty of all charges in the murder of George Floyd by the Fourth Judicial District Court of Minnesota.
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brookstonalmanac · 2 years
Text
Events 3.13
624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. 1591 – At the Battle of Tondibi in Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. 1639 – Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard. 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, falls to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias (part of the War of Jenkins' Ear) begins. 1781 – William Herschel discovers Uranus. 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in the Coup of 1809. 1811 – A French and Italian fleet is defeated by a British squadron off the island of Vis in the Adriatic during the Napoleonic Wars. 1826 – Pope Leo XII publishes the apostolic constitution Quo Graviora in which he renewed the prohibition on Catholics joining freemasonry. 1845 – Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist. 1848 – The German revolutions of 1848–1849 begin in Vienna. 1862 – The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves is passed by the United States Congress, effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.[ 1884 – The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885. 1900 – British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War. 1920 – The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin. 1930 – The news of the discovery of Pluto is announced by Lowell Observatory. 1940 – The Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union officially ends after the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty. 1943 – The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków. 1954 – The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ begins with an artillery barrage by Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp; Viet Minh victory led to the end of the First Indochina War and French withdrawal from Vietnam. 1957 – Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista. 1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d'état. 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world with an undersea segment, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. 1992 – The Mw  6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). 1993 – The 1993 Storm of the Century affects the eastern United States, dropping feet of snow in many areas. 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland. 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader. 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints. 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children. 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church. 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people. 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people. 2020 – President Donald Trump declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a national emergency in the United States. 2020 – Breonna Taylor is killed by police officers who were forcibly entering her home in Louisville, Kentucky; her death sparked extensive protests against racism and police brutality.
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brookstonalmanac · 3 years
Text
Events 3.13
1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. 1591 – At the Battle of Tondibi in Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. 1639 – Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard. 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, falls to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias (part of the War of Jenkins' Ear) begins. 1781 – William Herschel discovers Uranus. 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in the Coup of 1809. 1811 – A French and Italian fleet is defeated by a British squadron off the island of Vis in the Adriatic during the Napoleonic Wars. 1826 – Pope Leo XII publishes the apostolic constitution Quo Graviora in which he renewed the prohibition on Catholics joining freemasonry. 1845 – Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist. 1848 – The German revolutions of 1848–1849 begin in Vienna. 1862 – The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves is passed by the United States Congress, effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation. 1881 – Alexander II of Russia is assassinated. 1884 – The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885. 1900 – British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War. 1920 – The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin. 1930 – The news of the discovery of Pluto is announced by Lowell Observatory. 1940 – The Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union officially ends after the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty. 1943 – The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków. 1954 – The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ begins with an artillery barrage by Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp; Viet Minh victory led to the end of the First Indochina War and French withdrawal from Vietnam. 1957 – Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista. 1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d'état. 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world with an undersea segment, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. 1992 – The Mw  6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). 1993 – The 1993 Storm of the Century affects the eastern United States, dropping feet of snow in many areas. 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland. 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader. 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints. 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children. 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church. 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people. 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people. 2020 – President Donald Trump declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a national emergency in the United States. 2020 – Breonna Taylor is killed by police officers who were forcibly entering her home in Louisville, Kentucky; her death sparked extensive protests against police brutality.
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brookstonalmanac · 3 years
Text
Events 4.20
1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1453 – Three Genoese galleys and a Byzantine blockade runner fight their way through an Ottoman blockading fleet a few weeks before the fall of Constantinople. 1534 – Jacques Cartier begins his first voyage to what is today the east coast of Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador. 1535 – The sun dog phenomenon is observed over Stockholm, as later depicted in the famous painting Vädersolstavlan. 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament. 1657 – Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet under heavy fire at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City). 1689 – Deposed monarch James II of England lays siege to Derry. 1752 – Start of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in the Burmese Civil War (1740–57). 1770 – The Georgian king, Erekle II, abandoned by his Russian ally Count Totleben, wins a victory over Ottoman forces at Aspindza. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Siege of Boston begins, following the battles at Lexington and Concord. 1789 – George Washington arrives at Grays Ferry, Philadelphia while en route to Manhattan for his inauguration. 1792 – France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars. 1800 – The Septinsular Republic is established. 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory. 1818 – The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld. 1828 – René Caillié becomes the second non-Muslim to enter (and the first to return from) Timbuktu, following Major Gordon Laing. 1836 – U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory. 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia. 1862 – Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the experiment disproving the theory of spontaneous generation. 1865 – Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion. 1876 – The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War. 1884 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Humanum genus, condemning Freemasonry. 1898 – U.S. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War. 1902 – Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride. 1914 – Nineteen men, women, and children participating in a strike are killed in the Ludlow Massacre during the Colorado Coalfield War. 1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, a.k.a. The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims, his final victories before his death the following day. 1922 – The Soviet government creates South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within Georgian SSR. 1945 – World War II: U.S. troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union. 1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: On his 56th birthday Adolf Hitler makes his last trip to the surface to award Iron Crosses to boy soldiers of the Hitler Youth. 1945 – Twenty Jewish children used in medical experiments at Neuengamme are killed in the basement of the Bullenhuser Damm school. 1946 – The League of Nations officially dissolves, giving most of its power to the United Nations. 1961 – Cold War: Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US-backed Cuban exiles against Cuba. 1968 – English politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech. 1972 – Apollo program: Apollo 16 lunar module, commanded by John Young and piloted by Charles Duke, lands on the moon. 1998 – Air France Flight 422 crashes after taking off from El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia, killing all 53 people on board. 1999 – Columbine High School massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado. 2007 – Johnson Space Center shooting: William Phillips with a handgun barricades himself in NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas before killing a male hostage and himself. 2008 – Danica Patrick wins the Indy Japan 300 becoming the first female driver in history to win an Indy car race. 2010 – The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes in the Gulf of Mexico, killing eleven workers and beginning an oil spill that would last six months. 2012 – One hundred twenty-seven people are killed when a plane crashes in a residential area near the Benazir Bhutto International Airport near Islamabad, Pakistan. 2013 – A 6.6-magnitude earthquake strikes Lushan County, Ya'an, in China's Sichuan province, killing more than 150 people and injuring thousands. 2015 – Ten people are killed in a bomb attack on a convoy carrying food supplies to a United Nations compound in Garowe in the Somali region of Puntland.
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brookstonalmanac · 4 years
Text
Events 3.12
1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. 1591 – At the Battle of Tondibi in Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. 1639 – Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard. 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, falls to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias (part of the War of Jenkins' Ear) begins. 1781 – William Herschel discovers Uranus. 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in the Coup of 1809. 1826 – Pope Leo XII publishes the apostolic constitution Quo Graviora in which he renewed the prohibition on Catholics joining freemasonry. 1845 – Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist. 1848 – The German revolutions of 1848–1849 begin in Vienna. 1862 – The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves is passed by the United States Congress, effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation. 1881 – Alexander II of Russia is assassinated. 1884 – The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885. 1900 – British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War. 1920 – The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin. 1930 – The news of the discovery of Pluto is announced by Lowell Observatory. 1943 – The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków. 1954 – The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ begins with an artillery barrage by Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp; Viet Minh victory led to the end of the First Indochina War and French withdrawal from Vietnam. 1957 – Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista. 1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d'état. 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world with an undersea segment, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. 1992 – The Mw  6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). 1993 – The 1993 Storm of the Century affects the eastern United States, dropping feet of snow in many areas. 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland. 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader. 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints. 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children. 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church. 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people. 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people. 2020 – Breonna Taylor is killed when police officers forcibly enter her home in Louisville, Kentucky; her death sparked extensive protests against police brutality.
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brookstonalmanac · 2 years
Text
Events 9.11
9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hundred years. 1185 – Isaac II Angelos kills Stephen Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt that deposes Andronikos I Komnenos and places Isaac on the throne of the Byzantine Empire. 1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English. 1390 – Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92): The Teutonic Knights begin a five-week siege of Vilnius. 1541 – Santiago, Chile, is attacked by indigenous warriors, led by Michimalonco, to free eight indigenous chiefs held captive by the Spaniards. 1565 – Ottoman forces retreat from Malta ending the Great Siege of Malta. 1609 – Henry Hudson arrives on Manhattan Island and meets the indigenous people living there. 1649 – Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison. 1683 – Battle of Vienna: Coalition forces, including the famous winged Hussars, led by Polish King John III Sobieski lift the siege laid by Ottoman forces. 1697 – Battle of Zenta: a major engagement in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history. 1708 – Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power. 1709 – Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands, and Austria fight against France. 1714 – Siege of Barcelona: Barcelona, capital city of Catalonia, surrenders to Spanish and French Bourbon armies in the War of the Spanish Succession. 1758 – Battle of Saint Cast: France repels British invasion during the Seven Years' War. 1775 – Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec leaves Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1776 – British–American peace conference on Staten Island fails to stop nascent American Revolutionary War. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Brandywine: The British celebrate a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania. 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Sugarloaf massacre: A small detachment of militia from Northampton County, Pennsylvania, are attacked by Native Americans and Loyalists near Little Nescopeck Creek. 1786 – The beginning of the Annapolis Convention. 1789 – Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury. 1792 – The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house where they are stored. 1800 – The Maltese National Congress Battalions are disbanded by British Civil Commissioner Alexander Ball. 1802 – France annexes the Kingdom of Piedmont. 1803 – Battle of Delhi, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, between British troops under General Lake, and Marathas of Scindia's army under General Louis Bourquin. 1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C. 1814 – War of 1812: The climax of the Battle of Plattsburgh, a major United States victory in the war. 1826 – Captain William Morgan, an ex-freemason is arrested in Batavia, New York for debt after declaring that he would publish The Mysteries of Free Masonry, a book against Freemasonry. This sets into motion the events that led to his mysterious disappearance. 1829 – An expedition led by Isidro Barradas at Tampico, sent by the Spanish crown to retake Mexico, surrenders at the Battle of Tampico, marking the effective end of Mexico's campaign for independence. 1830 – Anti-Masonic Party convention; one of the first American political party conventions. 1836 – The Riograndense Republic is proclaimed by rebels after defeating Empire of Brazil's troops in the Battle of Seival, during the Ragamuffin War. 1851 – Christiana Resistance: Escaped slaves led by William Parker fight off and kill a slave owner who, with a federal marshal and an armed party, sought to seize three of his former slaves in Christiana, Pennsylvania, thereby creating a cause célèbre between slavery proponents and abolitionists. 1852 – Outbreak of Revolution of September 11 resulting in the State of Buenos Aires declaring independence as a Republic. 1857 – The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah. 1881 – In the Swiss state of Glarus, a rockslide buries parts of the village of Elm, destroying 83 buildings and killing 115 people. 1897 – After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of the Kaffa. 1903 – The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world. 1905 – The Ninth Avenue derailment occurs in New York City, killing 13. 1914 – World War I: Australia invades German New Guinea, defeating a German contingent at the Battle of Bita Paka. 1914 – The Second Period of Russification: The teaching of the Russian language and Russian history in Finnish schools is ordered to be considerably increased as part of the forced Russification program in Finland run by Tsar Nicholas II. 1916 – The Quebec Bridge's central span collapses, killing 11 men. The bridge previously collapsed completely on August 29, 1907. 1919 – United States Marine Corps invades Honduras. 1921 – Nahalal, the first moshav in Palestine, is settled as part of a Zionist plan of creating a Jewish state, later to be Israel. 1922 – The Treaty of Kars is ratified in Yerevan, Armenia. 1941 – Construction begins on The Pentagon. 1941 – Charles Lindbergh's Des Moines Speech accusing the British, Jews and FDR's administration of pressing for war with Germany. 1943 – World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija ending the Italian occupation of Corsica. 1944 – World War II: The Western Allied invasion of Germany begins near the city of Aachen. 1944 – World War II: RAF bombing raid on Darmstadt and the following firestorm kill 11,500. 1945 – World War II: Australian 9th Division forces liberate the Japanese-run Batu Lintang camp, a POW and civilian internment camp on the island of Borneo. 1954 – Hurricane Edna hits New England (United States) as a Category 2 hurricane, causing significant damage and 29 deaths. 1961 – Hurricane Carla strikes the Texas coast as a Category 4 hurricane, the second strongest storm ever to hit the state. 1965 – Indo-Pakistani War: The Indian Army captures the town of Burki, just southeast of Lahore. 1967 – China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) launched an attack on Indian posts at Nathu La, Sikkim, India, which resulted in military clashes. 1968 – Air France Flight 1611 crashes off Nice, France, killing 89 passengers and six crew. 1970 – The Dawson's Field hijackers release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until September 25. 1971 – The Egyptian Constitution becomes official. 1972 – The San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit system begins passenger service. 1973 – A coup in Chile, headed by General Augusto Pinochet, topples the democratically elected president Salvador Allende. Pinochet exercises dictatorial power until ousted in a referendum in 1988, staying in power until 1990. 1973 – JAT Airways Flight 769 crashes into the Maganik mountain range while on approach to Titograd Airport, killing 35 passengers and six crew. 1974 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 212 crashes in Charlotte, North Carolina, killing 69 passengers and two crew. 1976 – A bomb planted by a Croatian terrorist, Zvonko Bušić, is found at New York's Grand Central Terminal; one NYPD officer is killed trying to defuse it. 1980 – A new constitution of Chile is established under the influence of then Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet, which is subject to controversy in Chile today. 1982 – The international forces that were guaranteeing the safety of Palestinian refugees following Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon leave Beirut. Five days later, several thousand refugees are massacred in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps by Phalange forces. 1989 – Hungary announces that the East German refugees who had been housed in temporary camps were free to leave for West Germany. 1990 – A Faucett Boeing 727 disappears in the Atlantic Ocean while being flown from Malta to Peru. 1991 – Continental Express Flight 2574 crashes in Colorado County, Texas, near Eagle Lake, killing 11 passengers and three crew. 1992 – Hurricane Iniki, one of the most damaging hurricanes in United States history, devastates the Hawaiian Islands of Kauai and Oahu. 1997 – NASA's Mars Global Surveyor reaches Mars. 1997 – Kurkse tragedy: Fourteen Estonian soldiers of the Baltic Battalion are drowned or die of hypothermia during a training exercise in the Kurkse Strait. 1997 – After a nationwide referendum, Scotland votes to establish a devolved parliament within the United Kingdom. 2001 – The September 11 attacks, a series of coordinated terrorist attacks killing 2,996 people using four aircraft hijacked by 19 members of al-Qaeda. Two aircraft crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, a third crashes into The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, and a fourth into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania. 2007 – Russia tests the largest conventional weapon ever, the Father of All Bombs. 2008 – A major Channel Tunnel fire breaks out on a freight train, resulting in the closure of part of the tunnel for six months. 2011 – A dedication ceremony is held at the United States National September 11 Memorial on the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks in New York City, and the memorial opens to family members. 2012 – A total of 315 people are killed in two garment factory fires in Pakistan. 2012 – The U.S. embassy in Benghazi, Libya is attacked, resulting in four deaths. 2015 – A crane collapses onto the Masjid al-Haram mosque in Saudi Arabia, killing 111 people and injuring 394 others.
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brookstonalmanac · 2 years
Text
Events 4.20
1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1453 – Three Genoese galleys and a Byzantine blockade runner fight their way through an Ottoman blockading fleet a few weeks before the fall of Constantinople. 1496 – After his return from the New World Christopher Columbus entered the court of his sponsors King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. For more than an hour, the sovereigns besieged the seaman with questions. 1534 – Jacques Cartier begins his first voyage to what is today the east coast of Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador. 1535 – The sun dog phenomenon is observed over Stockholm, as later depicted in the famous painting Vädersolstavlan. 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament. 1657 – Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet under heavy fire at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City). 1689 – Deposed monarch James II of England lays siege to Derry. 1752 – Start of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in the Burmese Civil War (1740–57). 1770 – The Georgian king, Erekle II, abandoned by his Russian ally Count Totleben, wins a victory over Ottoman forces at Aspindza. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Siege of Boston begins, following the battles at Lexington and Concord. 1789 – George Washington arrives at Grays Ferry, Philadelphia while en route to Manhattan for his inauguration. 1792 – France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars. 1800 – The Septinsular Republic is established. 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory. 1818 – The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld. 1828 – René Caillié becomes the second non-Muslim to enter (and the first to return from) Timbuktu, following Major Gordon Laing. 1836 – U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory. 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia. 1861 – Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, attempting to display the value of balloons, makes record journey, flying 900 miles from Cincinnati to South Carolina. 1862 – Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the experiment disproving the theory of spontaneous generation. 1865 – Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion. 1876 – The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War. 1884 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Humanum genus, condemning Freemasonry. 1898 – U.S. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War. 1902 – Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride. 1914 – Nineteen men, women, and children participating in a strike are killed in the Ludlow Massacre during the Colorado Coalfield War. 1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, a.k.a. The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims, his final victories before his death the following day. 1922 – The Soviet government creates South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within Georgian SSR. 1945 – World War II: U.S. troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union. 1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: On his 56th birthday Adolf Hitler makes his last trip to the surface to award Iron Crosses to boy soldiers of the Hitler Youth. 1945 – Twenty Jewish children used in medical experiments at Neuengamme are killed in the basement of the Bullenhuser Damm school. 1946 – The League of Nations officially dissolves, giving most of its power to the United Nations. 1961 – Cold War: Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US-backed Cuban exiles against Cuba. 1968 – English politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech. 1968 – One hundred and twenty-three people are killed when South African Airways Flight 228 crashes near the Hosea Kutako International Airport in South West Africa (now Namibia). 1972 – Apollo program: Apollo 16 lunar module, commanded by John Young and piloted by Charles Duke, lands on the moon. 1998 – Air France Flight 422 crashes after taking off from El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia, killing all 53 people on board. 1999 – Columbine High School massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado. 2007 – Johnson Space Center shooting: William Phillips with a handgun barricades himself in NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas before killing a male hostage and himself. 2008 – Danica Patrick wins the Indy Japan 300 becoming the first female driver in history to win an Indy car race. 2010 – The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes in the Gulf of Mexico, killing eleven workers and beginning an oil spill that would last six months. 2012 – One hundred twenty-seven people are killed when a plane crashes in a residential area near the Benazir Bhutto International Airport near Islamabad, Pakistan. 2013 – A 6.6-magnitude earthquake strikes Lushan County, Ya'an, in China's Sichuan province, killing more than 150 people and injuring thousands. 2015 – Ten people are killed in a bomb attack on a convoy carrying food supplies to a United Nations compound in Garowe in the Somali region of Puntland. 2021 – State of Minnesota v. Derek Michael Chauvin: Derek Chauvin is found guilty of all charges in the murder of George Floyd by the Fourth Judicial District Court of Minnesota.
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