#International Conference In Computer Science And Engineering

[sageuniversitybpl]

Sage school of engineering and technology & advanced computing organizing international conference on current development in engineering and technology CCET2023 on 29-30th December in collaboration with CSI & IETE.

[religion-is-a-mental-illness]

By: Alex Byrne

Published: Mar 14, 2024

“Computing is not binary” would be a silly slogan—binary computer code underpins almost every aspect of modern life. But other kinds of binaries are decidedly out of fashion, particularly where sex is concerned. “Biology is not binary” declares the title of an essay in the March/April issue of American Scientist, a magazine published by Sigma Xi, the science and engineering honor society. Sigma Xi has a storied history, with numerous Nobel-prize-winning members, including the DNA-unravellers Francis Crick and James Watson, and more recently Jennifer Doudna, for her work on CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. The essay is well-worth critical examination, not least because it efficiently packs so much confusion into such a short space.

Another reason for examining it is the pedigree of the authors—Kate Clancy, Agustín Fuentes, Caroline VanSickle, and Catherine Clune-Taylor. Clancy is a professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Fuentes is a professor of anthropology at Princeton, and Clune-Taylor is an assistant professor of gender and sexuality studies at that university; VanSickle is an associate professor of anatomy at Des Moines. Clancy’s Ph.D. is from Yale, Fuentes’ is from UC Berkeley, and VanSickles’ is from Michigan. Clune-Taylor is the sole humanist: she has a Ph.D. in philosophy from Alberta, with Judith Butler as her external examiner. In short, the authors are not ill-educated crackpots or dogmatic activists, but top-drawer scholars. Their opinions matter.

Let’s talk about sex, baby

Before wading into the essay’s arguments, let’s look at the context, as noted in the second paragraph. “Last fall,” the authors write, “the American Anthropological Association made headlines after removing a session on sex and gender from its November 2023 annual conference.” The session’s cancellation was covered by the New York Times as well as international newspapers, and it eventually took place under the auspices of Heterodox Academy. (You can watch the entire event here.) Scheduled for the Sunday afternoon “dead zone” of the five-day conference, when many attendees leave for the airport, the title was “Let’s Talk About Sex, Baby: Why biological sex remains a necessary analytic category in anthropology.” The lineup was all-female, and included the anthropologists Kathleen Lowrey and Elizabeth Weiss. According to the session description, “With research foci from hominin evolution to contemporary artificial intelligence, from the anthropology of education to the debates within contemporary feminism about surrogacy, panelists make the case that while not all anthropologists need to talk about sex, baby, some absolutely do.”

Nothing evidently objectionable here, so why was it cancelled? The official letter announcing that the session had been removed from the program, signed by the presidents of the AAA and CASCA (the Canadian Anthropology Society), explained:

The reason the session deserved further scrutiny was that the ideas were advanced in such a way as to cause harm to members represented by the Trans and LGBTQI of the anthropological community as well as the community at large.

Why “the Trans” were double-counted (the T in LGBTQI) was not clear. And although ideas can harm, a handful of academics speaking in the Toronto Convention Centre are unlikely to cause much. In any event, the authors of “Biology is not binary” seem to think that the panelists’ errors about sex warranted the cancellation, not the trauma their words would bring to vulnerable anthropologists. “We were glad,” they say, “to see the American Anthropological Association course-correct given the inaccuracy of the panelists’ arguments.”

Never mind that no-one had heard the panelists’ arguments—what were these “inaccuracies”? The panelists, Clancy and her co-authors report, had claimed that “sex is binary,” and that “male and female represent an inflexible and infallible pair of categories describing all humans.”

“Biology is not binary” is not off to a promising start. Only one of the cancelled panelists, Weiss, has said anything about sex being binary in her talk abstract, and even that was nuanced: “skeletons are binary; people may not be.” No one had claimed that the two sex categories were “inflexible” or “infallible,” which anyway doesn’t make sense. (This is one example of the essay’s frequent unclarity of expression.) Neither had anyone claimed that every single human falls into one sex category or the other.

Probably the real reason the proposed panel caused such a stir was that it was perceived (in Clancy et al.’s own words) as “part of an intentional gender-critical agenda.” And, to be fair, some of the talks were “gender-critical,” for instance Silvia Carrasco’s. (Carrasco’s views have made her a target of activists at her university in Barcelona.) Still, academics can’t credibly cancel a conference session simply because a speaker defends ideas that bother some people, hence the trumped-up charges of harm and scientific error.

Although Clancy et al. misleadingly characterize the content of the cancelled AAA session, their essay might yet get something important right. They argue for four main claims. First, “sex is not binary.” Second, “sex is culturally constructed.” Third, “defining sex is difficult.” And, fourth, there is no one all-purpose definition of sex—it depends “on what organism is being studied and what question is being asked.”

Let’s go through these in order.

“Sex is not binary”

When people say that sex is binary, they sometimes mean that there are exactly two sexes, male and female. Sometimes they mean something else: the male/female division cuts humanity into two non-overlapping groups. That is, every human is either male (and not female), or female (and not male). These two interpretations of “Sex is binary” are different. Perhaps there are exactly two sexes, but there are some humans who are neither male nor female, or who are both sexes simultaneously. In that scenario, sex is binary according to the first interpretation, but not binary according to the second. Which of the two interpretations do Clancy et al. have in mind?

At least the essay is clear on this point. The “Quick Take” box on the first page tells us that the (false) binary thesis is that “male and female [are] the only two possible sex categories.” And in the text the authors say that “plenty of evidence has emerged to reject” the hypothesis that “there are only two sexes.” (Here they mystifyingly add “…and that they are discrete and different.” Obviously if there are two sexes then they are different.)

If there are not exactly two sexes, then the number of sexes is either zero, one, or greater than two. Since Clancy et al. admit that “categories such as ‘male’ and ‘female’…can be useful,” they must go for the third option: there are more than two sexes. But how many? Three? 97? In a striking absence of curiosity, the authors never say.

In any case, what reason do Clancy et al. give for thinking that the number of sexes is at least three? The argument is in this passage:

[D]ifferent [“sex-defining”] traits also do not always line up in a person’s body. For example, a human can be born with XY chromosomes and a vagina, or have ovaries while producing lots of testosterone. These variations, collectively known as intersex, may be less common, but they remain a consistent and expected part of human biology. So the idea that there are only two sexes…[has] plenty of evidence [against it].

However, this reasoning is fallacious. The premise is that some (“intersex”) people do not have enough of the “sex-defining” traits to be either male or female. The conclusion is that there are more than two sexes. The conclusion only follows if we add an extra premise, that these intersex people are not just neither male nor female, but another sex. And Clancy et al. do nothing to show that intersex people are another sex.

What’s more, it is quite implausible that any of them are another sex. Whatever the sexes are, they are reproductive categories. People with the variations noted by Clancy et al. are either infertile, for example those with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS) (“XY chromosomes and a vagina”), or else fertile in the usual manner, for example many with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) and XX chromosomes (“ovaries while producing lots of testosterone,” as Clancy et al. imprecisely put it). One study reported normal pregnancy rates among XX CAH individuals. Unsurprisingly, the medical literature classifies these people as female. Unlike those with CAIS and CAH, people who belonged to a genuine “third sex” would make their own special contribution to reproduction.

“Sex is culturally constructed”

“Biology is not binary” fails to establish that there are more than two sexes. Still, the news that sex is “culturally constructed” sounds pretty exciting. How do Clancy et al. argue for that?

There is a prior problem. Nowhere do Clancy et al. say what “Sex is culturally constructed” means. What’s more, the essay thoroughly conflates the issue of the number of sexes with the issue about cultural construction. Whatever “cultural construction” means, presumably culture could “construct” two sexes. (The Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan were literally constructed, and there were exactly two of them.) Conversely, the discovery of an extra sex would not show that sex was culturally constructed, any more than the discovery of an extra flavor of quark would show that fundamental particles are culturally constructed.

Clancy et al. drop a hint at the start of the section titled “Sex is Culturally Constructed.” “Definitions and signifiers of gender,” they say, “differ across cultures… but sex is often viewed as a static, universal truth.” (If you want to know what they mean by “gender,” you’re out of luck.) That suggests that the cultural construction of sex amounts to the “definitions and signifiers” of sex differing between times and places. This is confirmed by the following passage: “[T]here is another way we can see that sex is culturally constructed: The ways collections of traits are interpreted as sex can and have differed across time and cultures.” What’s more, in an article called “Is sex socially constructed?”, Clune-Taylor says that this (or something close to it) is one sense in which sex is socially constructed (i.e. culturally constructed).

The problem here is that “Sex is culturally constructed” (as Clancy et al. apparently understand “cultural construction”) is almost trivially true, and not denied by anyone. If “X is culturally constructed” means something like “Ideas of X and theories of X change between times and places,” then almost anything which has preoccupied humans will be culturally constructed. Mars, Jupiter and Saturn are culturally constructed: the ancients thought they revolved around the Earth and represented different gods. Dinosaurs are culturally constructed: our ideas of them are constantly changing, and are influenced by politics as well as new scientific discoveries. Likewise, sex is culturally constructed: Aristotle thought that in reproduction male semen produces a new embryo from female menstrual blood, as “a bed comes into being from the carpenter and the wood.” We now have a different theory.

Naturally one must distinguish the claim that dinosaurs are changing (they used to be covered only in scales, now they have feathers) from the claim that our ideas of dinosaurs are changing (we used to think that dinosaurs only have scales, now we think they have feathers). It would be fallacious to move from the premise that dinosaurs are culturally constructed (in Clancy et al.’s sense) to the conclusion that dinosaurs themselves have changed, or that there are no “static, universal truths” about dinosaurs. It would be equally fallacious to move from the premise that sex is culturally constructed to the claim that there are no “static, universal truths” about sex. (One such truth, for example, is that there are two sexes.) Nonetheless, Clancy et al. seem to commit exactly this fallacy, in denying (as they put it) that “sex is…a static, universal truth.”

To pile falsity on top of fallacy, when Clancy et al. give an example of how our ideas about sex have changed, their choice could hardly be more misleading. According to them:

The prevailing theory from classical times into the 19th century was that there is only one sex. According to this model, the only true sex is male, and females are inverted, imperfect distortions of males.

This historical account was famously defended in a 1990 book, Making Sex, by the UC Berkeley historian Thomas Laqueur. What Clancy et al. don’t tell us is that Laqueur’s history has come under heavy criticism; in particular, it is politely eviscerated at length in The One-Sex Body on Trial, by the classicist Helen King. It is apparent from Clune-Taylor’s other work that she knows of King’s book, which makes Clancy et al.’s unqualified assertion of Laqueur’s account even more puzzling.

“Defining sex is difficult”

Aristotle knew there were two sexes without having a satisfactory definition of what it is to be male or female. The question of how to define sex (equivalently, what sex is) should be separated from the question of whether sex is binary. So even if Clancy et al. are wrong about the number of sexes, they might yet be right that sex is difficult to define.

Why do they think it is difficult to define? Here’s their reason:

There are many factors that define sex, including chromosomes, hormones, gonads, genitalia, and gametes (reproductive cells). But with so many variables, and so much variation within each variable, it is difficult to pin down one definition of sex.

Readers of Reality’s Last Stand will be familiar with the fact that chromosomes and hormones (for example) do not define sex. The sex-changing Asian sheepshead wrasse does not change its chromosomes. Interestingly, the sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) are found in plants, although they do not appear to function as hormones. How could the over-educated authors have written that “there are many factors that define sex,” without a single one of them objecting?

That question is particularly salient because the textbook account of sex is in Clancy et al.’s very own bibliography. In the biologist Joan Roughgarden’s Evolution’s Rainbow there’s a section called “Male and Female Defined.” If you crack the book open, you can’t miss it.

Roughgarden writes:

To a biologist, “male” means making small gametes, and “female” means making large gametes. Period! By definition, the smaller of the two gametes is called a sperm, and the larger an egg. Beyond gamete size, biologists don’t recognize any other universal difference between male and female.

“Making” does not mean currently producing, but (something like) has the function to make. Surely one of Clancy et al. must have read Roughgarden’s book! (Again from her other work we know that Clune-Taylor has.) To avoid going round and round this depressing mulberry bush again, let’s leave it here.

“Sex is defined in a lot of ways in science”

Perhaps sex is not a single thing, and there are different definitions for the different kinds of sex. The standard gamete-definition of sex is useful for some purposes; other researchers will find one of the alternative definitions more productive. Clancy et al. might endorse this conciliatory position. They certainly think that a multiplicity of definitions is good scientific practice: “In science, how sex is defined for a particular study is based on what organism is being studied and what question is being asked.”

Leaving aside whether this fits actual practice, as a recommendation it is wrong-headed. Research needs to be readily compared and combined. A review paper on sexual selection might draw on studies of very different species, each asking different questions. If the definition of sex (male and female) changes between studies, then synthesizing the data would be fraught with complications and potential errors, because one study is about males/females-in-sense-1, another is about males/females-in-sense-2, and so on.

Indeed, “Biology is not binary” itself shows that the authors don’t really believe that “male” and “female” are used in science with multiple senses. They freely use “sex,” “male,” and “female” without pausing to disambiguate, or explain just which of the many alleged senses of these words they have in mind. If “sex is defined a lot of ways in science” then the reader should wonder what Clancy et al. are talking about.

In an especially odd passage, they write that the “criteria for defining sex will differ in studies of mushrooms, orangutans, and humans.” That is sort-of-true for mushrooms, which mate using mating types, not sperm and eggs. (Mating types are sometimes called “sexes,” but sometimes not.) However, it’s patently untrue for orangutans and humans, as the biologist Jerry Coyne points out.

Orangutans had featured earlier in the saga of the AAA cancellation, when Clancy and Fuentes had bizarrely suggested that the “three forms of the adult orangutan” present a challenge to the “sex binary,” seemingly forgetting that these three forms comprise females and two kinds of males. Kathleen Lowrey had some fun at their expense.

As if this tissue of confusion isn’t enough, Clancy et al. take one final plunge off the deep end. After mentioning osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, they write:

[P]eople experiencing similar sex-related conditions may not always fit in the same sex category. Consider polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common metabolic condition affecting about 8 to 13 percent of those with ovaries, which often causes them to produce more androgens than those without this condition. There are increasing numbers of people with PCOS who self-define as intersex, whereas others identify as female.

They seem to believe that two people with PCOS might not “fit in the same sex category.” That is, one person could be female while the other isn’t, with this alchemy accomplished by “self-definition.” PCOS, in case you were wondering, is a condition that only affects females or, in the approved lingo of the Cleveland Clinic, “people assigned female at birth.”

How could four accomplished and qualified professors produce such—not to mince words—unadulterated rubbish?

There are many social incentives these days for denouncing the sex binary, and academics—even those at the finest universities—are no more resistant to their pressure than anyone else. However, unlike those outside the ivory tower, academics have a powerful arsenal of carefully curated sources and learned jargon, as well as credentials and authority. They may deploy their weapons in the service of—as they see it—equity and inclusion for all.

It would be “bad science,” Clancy et al. write at the end, to “ignore and exclude” “individuals who are part of nature.” In this case, though, Clancy et al.’s firepower is directed at established facts, and the collateral damage may well include those people they most want to help.

--

About the Author

Alex Byrne is a Professor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy. His main interests are philosophy of mind (especially perception), metaphysics (especially color) and epistemology (especially self-knowledge). A few years ago, Byrne started working on philosophical issues relating to sex and gender. His book on these topics, Trouble with Gender: Sex Facts, Gender Fictions, is now available in the US and UK.

==

The whole "social construction," "cultural construction" thing is idiotic.

Not only does it mean you would be a different sex in a different society/culture, but it becomes necessary that cross-cultural/cross-societal reproduction is fraught with complications.

[aimeedaisies]

The Princess Royal’s Official Engagements in January 2024

04/01 With Sir Tim As Honorary President, attended the Oxford Farming Conference.

05/01 unofficial Sir Tim, as Trust President of the Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway, visited emergency work at the Stanway Viaduct near Toddington. 🦺🚂

10/01 Princess Anne, accompanied by Sir Tim, carried out the following engagements in Colombo to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of United Kingdom-Sri Lanka Bilateral Relations;

As President of the United Kingdom Fashion and Textile Association, visited MAS Active in Katunayake. 👚

As Patron of Save the Children UK, visited the Save the Children Sri Lanka Head Office to mark its 50th Anniversary. 👧

As Patron of Save the Children UK, visited a Save the Children Sri Lanka programme at Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children. 🏥

Called upon The President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and Mrs Wickremesinghe at The President's House. 📩

Attended a Dinner given by The President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and Mrs Wickremesinghe at The President's House to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of United Kingdom-Sri Lanka Bilateral Relations. 🍽️

11/01 Princess Anne, accompanied by Sir Tim, carried out the following engagements in Kandy and Jaffna to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of United Kingdom-Sri Lanka Bilateral Relations;

Visited the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, Sri Dalada Maligawa in Kandy. 🛕

Met representatives of the Tamil Community at Jaffna Public Library. 📚

Visited the Halo Trust De-mining site, the United Nations Development Programme and International Organisation for Migration Resettlement site in Muhamalai. 🧨

12/01 Princess Anne, accompanied by Sir Tim, carried out the following engagements in Colombo to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of United Kingdom-Sri Lanka Bilateral Relations;

Visited the British High Commission Office. 🇬🇧

As President of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, laid a wreath at Jawatte Cemetery. 🪦

Visited Vajira Pillayar Kovil Hindu Temple 🛕

As President of the English-Speaking Union of the Commonwealth, visited the British Council. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿🗣️

As President of the Mission to Seafarers, visited the Mission to Seafarers Colombo. ⛵️

Visited Hatch Works. 📆

As President of the Mission to Seafarers, attended a Key Supporters Reception at the Cathedral of Christ the Living Saviour. ⛪️

Attended a Reception given by the British High Commissioner to Sri Lanka at the Residence in Colombo. 🍹🇬🇧🇱🇰

16/01 As Patron of Police Treatment Centres,visited Castlebrae Treatment Centre in Perth. 👮🩺

As Vice President of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society, and Former Patron of the Heart of Arabia Expedition, attended a Reception at the Royal Scottish Geographical Society. 🌍

Opened the Vertical Farm Engineering Innovation Centre in Inverkeithing. 🌾⬆️

17/01 Held an Investiture at the Palace of Holyroodhouse.🎖️

As Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, attended a Reception to mark the 60th Anniversary of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence and later opened the Institute for Regeneration and Repair at the University. 🎓🎮

As Honorary Member of the New Club attended the 70th Anniversary Amalgamation Dinner. 🍽️

18/01 As President of the UK Fashion and Textile Association, visited Advanced Clothing Solutions in Motherwell. 👗

As Patron of Citizens Advice Scotland, visited Hamilton Citizens Advice Bureau. 👩‍⚖️

23/01 Opened the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Medical Sciences at Imperial College NHS Hospital in London. 🏥

As Patron of Livability, attended the Thanksgiving Service to mark the 180th anniversary at All Hallows by the Tower. 🎂⛪️

As Royal Honorary Colonel of the University of London Officers’ Training Corps, attended the Annual Reception at Yeomanry House. 🎓🫡

24/01 On behalf of The King, held an Investiture at Windsor Castle. 🎖️

As Patron of Save the Children UK, visited the London Head Office. 👧👦

As President of the City and Guilds of London Institute, visited Cox Workshops Limited in London. 🛠️

25/01 As Royal Patron of the National Coastwatch Institution, visited Cromer Station. 🛟

As President of the Royal Yachting Association, opened Norfolk Schools Sailing Association’s new facilities at Filby Centre, Norfolk. ⛵️

As Patron of National Association of Official Prison Visitors, visited HM Prison Norwich. 🔗

30/01 As Patron of Save the Children UK, visited the Stockton Heath Charity Shop. 🛍️

Visited Jodrell Bank Observatory UNESCO World Heritage Site at the University of Manchester. ��🪐

As President of the Riding for the Disabled Association, opened the new Centre and Platinum Jubilee Stables at Reaseheath Equestrian College in Nantwich. 🏇🏼

31/01 Held an Investiture at Buckingham Palace.🎖️

As Royal Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, attended the 10th Anniversary Reception of the Africa Prize for Engineering Innovation at Prince Philip House in London. 🏆

Total official engagements for Anne in January: 41

2024 total so far: 41

Total official engagements accompanied by Tim in January: 17

2024 total: 17

[inspofromancientworld]

The Science of Discovering the Past: Archaeoastronomy

By Girtompir - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57252822

The stars have long been part of the human experience, with the night sky being a more vital part of life before the development of modern cities with their lights washing out a majority of the stars. Most cultures had a deep connection with the sky, recording their observations in stories and in their art and writings.

CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=906430

Archaeoastronomy is an interdisicplinary study of how people 'have understood the phenomena in the sky, how they used these phenomena and what role the sky played in their cultures'. It involves ethnoastronomy, the 'anthropological study of sky watching in contemporary societies' as well as historical astronomy, which focuses on the astronomical records of the past. Unlike modern astronomy, which focuses on observations of the sky and scientific explanations of those observations, archaeoastronomy takes in account the cultural meanings of those observations.

By Alun Salt - https://www.flickr.com/photos/alun/2733498/in/set-68848/, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=740899

Archaeoastronomy began with noting the astronomical orientation of ruins, including megalithic sites like Stonehenge, in the 17th and 18th centuries, though the term wasn't coined until 1973 by Elizabeth Chesley Baity. It wasn't until the 1960s that systemic work began by studying megalithic sites in the British Isles. Engineer Alexander Thom and astronomer Gerald Hawkins proposed that Stonehenge was an astronomical computer. While Hawkins' theory was dismissed, Thom performed a survey of megalithic sites in the British Isles. Euan MacKie sought to test Thom's theory by excavating the site of a standing stone at Kintraw in Argyllshire from 1970-1971 to verify if Thom's prediction that the site accurately showed the winter solstice. He found an observation platform on the hill above the stone that proved Thom's prediction correct. Because of this vindication, MacKie checked other sites to verify their alignments before broadly accepting Thom's conclusions.

By Adrian Hernandez - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=71192285

Archaeoastronomy was used by anthropologists studying Amerindian civilization. This was different to the study of Neolithic structures in the British Isles in that there were sources about the prehistory, such as the records of colonizers, that were unavailable for British early civilizations. This allows more certain claims that possible in the Old World.

Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1126668

In 1981, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) released two volumes on the proceedings from the conference that sought to bring researchers together and encourage the move to interdisciplinary approaches, combining the contextuality of archaeological studies with astronomical studies, seeking to understand the why behind ancient people's fascination with the night sky.

By Fcb981 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3862230

There are many ways to do archaeoastronomy, but the two many methodologies are known as 'green archaeoastronomy' and 'brown archaeoastronomy'. Green archaeoastronomy is used where social evidence is relatively scant and relies more on statistical studies. The methods are similar to those developed and used by Thom. Many of these studies are based on the horizon rather than the full sky since that is the easiest part of the sky to align with archaeological sites. Brown archaeoastronomy is close to the history of astronomy or cultural history as it relies on records, both ethnographic records as well as the records of early astronomers with their calendars and rituals. This is the system used to study sites like Chichen Itza in Mexico, where researchers looked at records to find out what the Maya found important in the night sky and then looking at how the sites on the ground aligned to that. They were able to find in the writings that Maya held Venus in high regard, recording the risings and settings of it. They were able to find structures in Chichen Itza that aligned to these points on the horizon. Both have criticisms, with green archaeoastronomy being criticized for lacking social context and failing to answer the question 'why' people in the past built the structures they did and brown archaeoastronomy being criticized for lacking statistical and methodological rigor because each site is studied differently based on the documentation and evidence that has been found relating to the site.

[manekapiyumawali]

Why Sabaragamuwa University is a Great Choice.

Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka (SUSL) is increasingly recognized for its technological advancement and innovation-driven environment, making it one of the leading universities in Sri Lanka in terms of technology. Here are the key reasons why SUSL stands out technologically.

Here’s why SUSL stands out as a technological powerhouse among Sri Lankan universities:

🔧1. Faculty of Technology

SUSL established a dedicated Faculty of Technology to meet the demand for tech-skilled graduates. It offers degree programs such as:

BTech in Information and Communication Technology

BTech in Engineering Technology

These programs combine practical experience in labs, workshops and real-world projects with a strong theoretical foundation.

🖥️2. Advanced IT Infrastructure

SUSL has modern computer labs, smart classrooms, and high-speed internet access across campus.

A robust Learning Management System (LMS) supports online learning and hybrid education models.

Students and lecturers use tools like Moodle, Zoom, and Google Classroom effectively.

🤖 3. Innovation & AI Research Support

SUSL promotes AI, Machine Learning, IoT, and Data Science in student research and final-year projects.

Competitions like Hackathons and Innovative Research Symposia encourage tech-driven solutions.

Students develop apps, smart systems, and automation tools (e.g., Ceylon Power Tracker project).

🌐 4. Industry Collaboration and Internships

SUSL connects students with the tech industry through:

Internships at leading tech firms

Workshops led by industry experts

Collaborative R&D projects with government and private sector entities

These connections help students gain hands-on experience in areas such as software engineering, networking, and data analytics that make them highly employable after graduation.

💡 5. Smart Campus Initiatives

SUSL is evolving into a Smart University, introducing systems that streamline academic life:

Digital student portals

Online registration and results systems

E-library and remote resource access

Campus Wi-Fi for academic use

These initiatives improve the student experience and create an efficient, technology-enabled environment.

🎓 6. Research in Emerging Technologies

The university is involved in pioneering research across emerging technological fields, including:

Agricultural tech (AgriTech)

Environmental monitoring using sensors

Renewable energy systems

Students and faculty publish research in international journals and participate in global tech events.

🏆 7. Recognition in National Competitions

SUSL students often reach fina rounds or win national competitions in coding, robotics, AI, and IoT innovation.

Faculty members are invited as tech advisors and conference speakers, reinforcing the university's expertise.

Sabaragamuwa University is actively shaping the future not only with technology, but by integrating technology into education, research and operations. This makes it a technological leader among Sri Lankan Universities. Visit the official university site here: Home | SUSL

[zaraxkumar]

— BASICS

Name: Zara Kumar Age / D.O.B.: 39 / January 5th 1985 Gender, Pronouns & Sexuality: CisFemale, She/Her, Heterosexual Hometown: Queens, NY Affiliation: Civilian Job position: Global Head of Cybersecurity at Goldman Sachs Education: Master’s Degree in Computer Science from Standford Relationship status: Divorced Children: 1 daughter, Saira Positive traits: Intelligent, Resilient, Kindhearted, Persuasive, Sentimental Negative traits: Secretive, Stubborn, Self-Indulgent, Compulsive, Obsessive

— BIOGRAPHY

Early Life and Education

1985: Born in Queens, New York, after her big brother Rahi, was a very happy child. 

1990-2003: Attended a competitive public high school: The Bronx High School of Science, excelling in STEM subjects, particularly math and computer science. Participated in programming clubs and cybersecurity competitions.

College and Early Career

2003-2007: Attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), earning a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Science and Engineering. Focused on network security and cryptography.

Interned at a leading tech company, IBM, in cybersecurity during summer breaks.

2007-2009: Completed a Master’s Degree in Computer Science at StanfordUniversity, specializing in cybersecurity, machine learning, and ethical hacking. Published research papers on innovative methods for detecting and preventing cyber threats.

Professional Career

2009-2012: Joined CrowdStrike as a Junior Threat Analyst. Worked on high-profile cyber incidents, earning recognition for her work in preventing major breaches.

2012-2015: Returned to New York and worked at IBM’s X-Force Red Team, focusing on penetration testing and enterprise-level security.

2015-2020: Hired by Goldman Sachs as a Cybersecurity Specialist. Quickly promoted to Senior Analyst, then Vice President of Cybersecurity, spearheading initiatives to protect the firm from financial cybercrime.

Managed a team addressing large-scale phishing attacks and ransomware threats.

Developed and implemented a zero-trust security model for internal operations.

Personal Development and Achievements

2020-2024: Recognized as an industry leader. Regular speaker at conferences discussing the intersection of finance and cybersecurity.

Awarded accolades such as the Forbes 40 Under 40 in Technology and Cybersecurity Professional of the Year by ISC2.

Present Day

2024: At 39, she is the Global Head of Cybersecurity Operations at Goldman Sachs, overseeing teams worldwide.

Lives in Manhattan.

Actively mentors young women in STEM, emphasizing opportunities for underrepresented groups.

[jcmarchi]

Toward a code-breaking quantum computer

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/toward-a-code-breaking-quantum-computer/

Toward a code-breaking quantum computer

The most recent email you sent was likely encrypted using a tried-and-true method that relies on the idea that even the fastest computer would be unable to efficiently break a gigantic number into factors.

Quantum computers, on the other hand, promise to rapidly crack complex cryptographic systems that a classical computer might never be able to unravel. This promise is based on a quantum factoring algorithm proposed in 1994 by Peter Shor, who is now a professor at MIT.

But while researchers have taken great strides in the last 30 years, scientists have yet to build a quantum computer powerful enough to run Shor’s algorithm.

As some researchers work to build larger quantum computers, others have been trying to improve Shor’s algorithm so it could run on a smaller quantum circuit. About a year ago, New York University computer scientist Oded Regev proposed a major theoretical improvement. His algorithm could run faster, but the circuit would require more memory.

Building off those results, MIT researchers have proposed a best-of-both-worlds approach that combines the speed of Regev’s algorithm with the memory-efficiency of Shor’s. This new algorithm is as fast as Regev’s, requires fewer quantum building blocks known as qubits, and has a higher tolerance to quantum noise, which could make it more feasible to implement in practice.

In the long run, this new algorithm could inform the development of novel encryption methods that can withstand the code-breaking power of quantum computers.

“If large-scale quantum computers ever get built, then factoring is toast and we have to find something else to use for cryptography. But how real is this threat? Can we make quantum factoring practical? Our work could potentially bring us one step closer to a practical implementation,” says Vinod Vaikuntanathan, the Ford Foundation Professor of Engineering, a member of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), and senior author of a paper describing the algorithm.

The paper’s lead author is Seyoon Ragavan, a graduate student in the MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. The research will be presented at the 2024 International Cryptology Conference.

Cracking cryptography

To securely transmit messages over the internet, service providers like email clients and messaging apps typically rely on RSA, an encryption scheme invented by MIT researchers Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman in the 1970s (hence the name “RSA”). The system is based on the idea that factoring a 2,048-bit integer (a number with 617 digits) is too hard for a computer to do in a reasonable amount of time.

That idea was flipped on its head in 1994 when Shor, then working at Bell Labs, introduced an algorithm which proved that a quantum computer could factor quickly enough to break RSA cryptography.

“That was a turning point. But in 1994, nobody knew how to build a large enough quantum computer. And we’re still pretty far from there. Some people wonder if they will ever be built,” says Vaikuntanathan.

It is estimated that a quantum computer would need about 20 million qubits to run Shor’s algorithm. Right now, the largest quantum computers have around 1,100 qubits.

A quantum computer performs computations using quantum circuits, just like a classical computer uses classical circuits. Each quantum circuit is composed of a series of operations known as quantum gates. These quantum gates utilize qubits, which are the smallest building blocks of a quantum computer, to perform calculations.

But quantum gates introduce noise, so having fewer gates would improve a machine’s performance. Researchers have been striving to enhance Shor’s algorithm so it could be run on a smaller circuit with fewer quantum gates.

That is precisely what Regev did with the circuit he proposed a year ago.

“That was big news because it was the first real improvement to Shor’s circuit from 1994,” Vaikuntanathan says.

The quantum circuit Shor proposed has a size proportional to the square of the number being factored. That means if one were to factor a 2,048-bit integer, the circuit would need millions of gates.

Regev’s circuit requires significantly fewer quantum gates, but it needs many more qubits to provide enough memory. This presents a new problem.

“In a sense, some types of qubits are like apples or oranges. If you keep them around, they decay over time. You want to minimize the number of qubits you need to keep around,” explains Vaikuntanathan.

He heard Regev speak about his results at a workshop last August. At the end of his talk, Regev posed a question: Could someone improve his circuit so it needs fewer qubits? Vaikuntanathan and Ragavan took up that question.

Quantum ping-pong

To factor a very large number, a quantum circuit would need to run many times, performing operations that involve computing powers, like 2 to the power of 100.

But computing such large powers is costly and difficult to perform on a quantum computer, since quantum computers can only perform reversible operations. Squaring a number is not a reversible operation, so each time a number is squared, more quantum memory must be added to compute the next square.

The MIT researchers found a clever way to compute exponents using a series of Fibonacci numbers that requires simple multiplication, which is reversible, rather than squaring. Their method needs just two quantum memory units to compute any exponent.

“It is kind of like a ping-pong game, where we start with a number and then bounce back and forth, multiplying between two quantum memory registers,” Vaikuntanathan adds.

They also tackled the challenge of error correction. The circuits proposed by Shor and Regev require every quantum operation to be correct for their algorithm to work, Vaikuntanathan says. But error-free quantum gates would be infeasible on a real machine.

They overcame this problem using a technique to filter out corrupt results and only process the right ones.

The end-result is a circuit that is significantly more memory-efficient. Plus, their error correction technique would make the algorithm more practical to deploy.

“The authors resolve the two most important bottlenecks in the earlier quantum factoring algorithm. Although still not immediately practical, their work brings quantum factoring algorithms closer to reality,” adds Regev.

In the future, the researchers hope to make their algorithm even more efficient and, someday, use it to test factoring on a real quantum circuit.

“The elephant-in-the-room question after this work is: Does it actually bring us closer to breaking RSA cryptography? That is not clear just yet; these improvements currently only kick in when the integers are much larger than 2,048 bits. Can we push this algorithm and make it more feasible than Shor’s even for 2,048-bit integers?” says Ragavan.

This work is funded by an Akamai Presidential Fellowship, the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the National Science Foundation, the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, a Thornton Family Faculty Research Innovation Fellowship, and a Simons Investigator Award.

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[mit]

AI model speeds up high-resolution computer vision

The system could improve image quality in video streaming or help autonomous vehicles identify road hazards in real-time.

Adam Zewe | MIT News

Researchers from MIT, the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, and elsewhere have developed a more efficient computer vision model that vastly reduces the computational complexity of this task. Their model can perform semantic segmentation accurately in real-time on a device with limited hardware resources, such as the on-board computers that enable an autonomous vehicle to make split-second decisions.

Recent state-of-the-art semantic segmentation models directly learn the interaction between each pair of pixels in an image, so their calculations grow quadratically as image resolution increases. Because of this, while these models are accurate, they are too slow to process high-resolution images in real time on an edge device like a sensor or mobile phone.

The MIT researchers designed a new building block for semantic segmentation models that achieves the same abilities as these state-of-the-art models, but with only linear computational complexity and hardware-efficient operations.

The result is a new model series for high-resolution computer vision that performs up to nine times faster than prior models when deployed on a mobile device. Importantly, this new model series exhibited the same or better accuracy than these alternatives.

Not only could this technique be used to help autonomous vehicles make decisions in real-time, it could also improve the efficiency of other high-resolution computer vision tasks, such as medical image segmentation.

“While researchers have been using traditional vision transformers for quite a long time, and they give amazing results, we want people to also pay attention to the efficiency aspect of these models. Our work shows that it is possible to drastically reduce the computation so this real-time image segmentation can happen locally on a device,” says Song Han, an associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), a member of the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, and senior author of the paper describing the new model.

He is joined on the paper by lead author Han Cai, an EECS graduate student; Junyan Li, an undergraduate at Zhejiang University; Muyan Hu, an undergraduate student at Tsinghua University; and Chuang Gan, a principal research staff member at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. The research will be presented at the International Conference on Computer Vision.

A simplified solution

Categorizing every pixel in a high-resolution image that may have millions of pixels is a difficult task for a machine-learning model. A powerful new type of model, known as a vision transformer, has recently been used effectively.

Transformers were originally developed for natural language processing. In that context, they encode each word in a sentence as a token and then generate an attention map, which captures each token’s relationships with all other tokens. This attention map helps the model understand context when it makes predictions.

Using the same concept, a vision transformer chops an image into patches of pixels and encodes each small patch into a token before generating an attention map. In generating this attention map, the model uses a similarity function that directly learns the interaction between each pair of pixels. In this way, the model develops what is known as a global receptive field, which means it can access all the relevant parts of the image.

Since a high-resolution image may contain millions of pixels, chunked into thousands of patches, the attention map quickly becomes enormous. Because of this, the amount of computation grows quadratically as the resolution of the image increases.

In their new model series, called EfficientViT, the MIT researchers used a simpler mechanism to build the attention map — replacing the nonlinear similarity function with a linear similarity function. As such, they can rearrange the order of operations to reduce total calculations without changing functionality and losing the global receptive field. With their model, the amount of computation needed for a prediction grows linearly as the image resolution grows.

“But there is no free lunch. The linear attention only captures global context about the image, losing local information, which makes the accuracy worse,” Han says.

To compensate for that accuracy loss, the researchers included two extra components in their model, each of which adds only a small amount of computation.

One of those elements helps the model capture local feature interactions, mitigating the linear function’s weakness in local information extraction. The second, a module that enables multiscale learning, helps the model recognize both large and small objects.

“The most critical part here is that we need to carefully balance the performance and the efficiency,” Cai says.

They designed EfficientViT with a hardware-friendly architecture, so it could be easier to run on different types of devices, such as virtual reality headsets or the edge computers on autonomous vehicles. Their model could also be applied to other computer vision tasks, like image classification.

Keep reading.

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[sunaleisocial]

Unpacking the bias of large language models

New Post has been published on https://sunalei.org/news/unpacking-the-bias-of-large-language-models/

Unpacking the bias of large language models

Research has shown that large language models (LLMs) tend to overemphasize information at the beginning and end of a document or conversation, while neglecting the middle.

This “position bias” means that, if a lawyer is using an LLM-powered virtual assistant to retrieve a certain phrase in a 30-page affidavit, the LLM is more likely to find the right text if it is on the initial or final pages.

MIT researchers have discovered the mechanism behind this phenomenon.

They created a theoretical framework to study how information flows through the machine-learning architecture that forms the backbone of LLMs. They found that certain design choices which control how the model processes input data can cause position bias.

Their experiments revealed that model architectures, particularly those affecting how information is spread across input words within the model, can give rise to or intensify position bias, and that training data also contribute to the problem.

In addition to pinpointing the origins of position bias, their framework can be used to diagnose and correct it in future model designs.

This could lead to more reliable chatbots that stay on topic during long conversations, medical AI systems that reason more fairly when handling a trove of patient data, and code assistants that pay closer attention to all parts of a program.

“These models are black boxes, so as an LLM user, you probably don’t know that position bias can cause your model to be inconsistent. You just feed it your documents in whatever order you want and expect it to work. But by understanding the underlying mechanism of these black-box models better, we can improve them by addressing these limitations,” says Xinyi Wu, a graduate student in the MIT Institute for Data, Systems, and Society (IDSS) and the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), and first author of a paper on this research.

Her co-authors include Yifei Wang, an MIT postdoc; and senior authors Stefanie Jegelka, an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) and a member of IDSS and the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL); and Ali Jadbabaie, professor and head of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, a core faculty member of IDSS, and a principal investigator in LIDS. The research will be presented at the International Conference on Machine Learning.

Analyzing attention

LLMs like Claude, Llama, and GPT-4 are powered by a type of neural network architecture known as a transformer. Transformers are designed to process sequential data, encoding a sentence into chunks called tokens and then learning the relationships between tokens to predict what words comes next.

These models have gotten very good at this because of the attention mechanism, which uses interconnected layers of data processing nodes to make sense of context by allowing tokens to selectively focus on, or attend to, related tokens.

But if every token can attend to every other token in a 30-page document, that quickly becomes computationally intractable. So, when engineers build transformer models, they often employ attention masking techniques which limit the words a token can attend to.

For instance, a causal mask only allows words to attend to those that came before it.

Engineers also use positional encodings to help the model understand the location of each word in a sentence, improving performance.

The MIT researchers built a graph-based theoretical framework to explore how these modeling choices, attention masks and positional encodings, could affect position bias.

“Everything is coupled and tangled within the attention mechanism, so it is very hard to study. Graphs are a flexible language to describe the dependent relationship among words within the attention mechanism and trace them across multiple layers,” Wu says.

Their theoretical analysis suggested that causal masking gives the model an inherent bias toward the beginning of an input, even when that bias doesn’t exist in the data.

If the earlier words are relatively unimportant for a sentence’s meaning, causal masking can cause the transformer to pay more attention to its beginning anyway.

“While it is often true that earlier words and later words in a sentence are more important, if an LLM is used on a task that is not natural language generation, like ranking or information retrieval, these biases can be extremely harmful,” Wu says.

As a model grows, with additional layers of attention mechanism, this bias is amplified because earlier parts of the input are used more frequently in the model’s reasoning process.

They also found that using positional encodings to link words more strongly to nearby words can mitigate position bias. The technique refocuses the model’s attention in the right place, but its effect can be diluted in models with more attention layers.

And these design choices are only one cause of position bias — some can come from training data the model uses to learn how to prioritize words in a sequence.

“If you know your data are biased in a certain way, then you should also finetune your model on top of adjusting your modeling choices,” Wu says.

Lost in the middle

After they’d established a theoretical framework, the researchers performed experiments in which they systematically varied the position of the correct answer in text sequences for an information retrieval task.

The experiments showed a “lost-in-the-middle” phenomenon, where retrieval accuracy followed a U-shaped pattern. Models performed best if the right answer was located at the beginning of the sequence. Performance declined the closer it got to the middle before rebounding a bit if the correct answer was near the end.

Ultimately, their work suggests that using a different masking technique, removing extra layers from the attention mechanism, or strategically employing positional encodings could reduce position bias and improve a model’s accuracy.

“By doing a combination of theory and experiments, we were able to look at the consequences of model design choices that weren’t clear at the time. If you want to use a model in high-stakes applications, you must know when it will work, when it won’t, and why,” Jadbabaie says.

In the future, the researchers want to further explore the effects of positional encodings and study how position bias could be strategically exploited in certain applications.

“These researchers offer a rare theoretical lens into the attention mechanism at the heart of the transformer model. They provide a compelling analysis that clarifies longstanding quirks in transformer behavior, showing that attention mechanisms, especially with causal masks, inherently bias models toward the beginning of sequences. The paper achieves the best of both worlds — mathematical clarity paired with insights that reach into the guts of real-world systems,” says Amin Saberi, professor and director of the Stanford University Center for Computational Market Design, who was not involved with this work.

This research is supported, in part, by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, the National Science Foundation, and an Alexander von Humboldt Professorship.

[govindhtech]

ICQE 2025 Insights On Quantum Ethics and Intelligence

ICQE 2025

Responsibility for Energy, Quantum, and the Future of Intelligence: ICQE 2025

The International Conference on Quantum and Energy (ICQE) 2025 brought together scientists, founders, policymakers, and technologists in Padua, a scientific city. The discussion focused on “What will it take to fuel the future of intelligence?”

The conference addressed the energy needs of future technologies, especially  artificial intelligence (AI), and explored how quantum technologies can help power this exponential growth without depleting the planet's energy infrastructure. ICQE 2025 anticipated the future would be created and asked if quantum might reduce energy demand.

The conference co-chair, Francesco Campaioli, stressed that “The cost of intelligence will ultimately be defined by the cost of energy.” He stressed that quantum technologies will be used to build future infrastructure, thus they must not reproduce exploitative tendencies. The seminar stressed sustainability in quantum technology development. A unified vision that balances scientific advancement with social and ecological responsibility requires multidisciplinary collaboration beyond specific knowledge.

See also QSC-Diffusion Models In Generative AI and Image Synthesis.

Energy System Quantum Role Three primary areas where quantum technology and energy intersected to potentially alleviate the AI-driven energy crisis and computational arms race were discussed at ICQE 2025:

Basic Understanding:

Quantum research deepens our understanding of physical phenomena and offers new, more effective, and fundamentally different heat management, dissipation, and control methods than previous designs. This is influencing quantum engine, thermodynamic protocol, and next-generation cooling ideas.

Efficient computation:

Quantum computing may improve environmental information processing. Certain efficient AI tasks could be offloaded from high-power GPUs to quantum processors because AI uses infinite energy. This ethic encourages sustainability and scalability.

Discovery of Materials

Finding, comprehending, and producing novel materials is aided by quantum sensing and modelling. Direct modelling and modification of quantum characteristics may speed up energy innovation in photovoltaics, solid-state batteries, and hydrogen catalysts. More clean materials would be available faster.

Quantum may not solve the energy dilemma, but intentional development, application, and expansion may make it one of its most powerful tools.

Signals from Italy:

A National Quantum Strategy At the conference, Italy presented its National Quantum Strategy for later this year. This created the Padua-based Italian Quantum Alliance. Italy's quantum science and technology are built by universities, research, and industry. Italy views quantum as a major scientific initiative that could impact energy, cybersecurity, infrastructure, and competitiveness.

Also see Quantum LiDAR Improves Sensor Remote And Noise Rejection.

Scientific Highlights Several ICQE 2025 presentations showed the field's scientific breadth and transdisciplinary rigour:

Cristiane Koch of Freie Universität Berlin developed a generic new way for cooling many-body quantum systems, needed for scalable quantum technology. This approach extracts energy by repeatedly coupling and resetting auxiliary qubits without system knowledge.

Jeremy Stevens (Alice & Bob) developed a power utilisation framework and showed compatibility with microwave and cryogenic equipment for superconducting cat qubits' energy efficiency.

Filippo Vicentini (École Polytechnique) noted that neural network-based variational methods for quantum simulation, especially for the quantum many-body problem, can outperform conventional methods despite rising entanglement.

Beatrice Donelli of CNR-INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica presented a spin network-based quantum battery charging protocol that exploits quantum phase transitions for super-extensive precision. She optimised D-Wave Advantage quantum annealer performance utilising cooperative protocols.

Beatriz Polo Rodríguez (ICFO Barcelona) suggested the ergotropic gap as a potential entanglement witness, eliminating the requirement for costly quantum tomography. In Gaussian states, thermodynamic measures like energy and work can show quantum entanglement, she said.

ICQE 2025 represented the current and future ambitions of quantum technologies by displaying the critical issue of ensuring that increasing intelligence does not exceed the understanding needed to employ it. If technology and serious talks are used, energy may be the price of advancement without being the price of everything else, according to the conference. To accept that knowledge is technological, ethical, ecological, and fundamentally human, deliberate, multidisciplinary locations that are not afraid of complexity were stressed.

[callofdutymobileindia]

Why Take a Machine Learning Course in Chennai? Top Reasons to Enroll Now

As artificial intelligence continues to dominate industries and redefine the future of work, Machine Learning (ML) has become one of the most in-demand skills globally. For aspiring data scientists, engineers, and tech enthusiasts in India, there’s no better place to upskill than Chennai, a city rapidly evolving into a major hub for AI and tech innovation.

Whether you’re a fresh graduate or a working professional, a Machine Learning course in Chennai could be your gateway to a rewarding, future-proof career. In this blog, we explore why Chennai is becoming a popular destination for ML training and the top reasons you should consider enrolling in a course today.

1. Chennai: The Emerging AI & ML Talent Hub

Traditionally known for its automobile and manufacturing industries, Chennai has now transformed into a tech powerhouse, with major IT parks, R&D centers, and startups driving digital innovation. Global tech giants like TCS, Cognizant, Infosys, Wipro, Amazon, and Accenture have established strong operations in Chennai, creating abundant demand for skilled professionals in AI and ML.

According to NASSCOM, Chennai is one of India’s top 5 cities for data science and machine learning talent. A growing number of training centers and institutes offer machine learning courses tailored for both students and working professionals, making it a strategic choice for career growth.

2. Hands-On, Industry-Aligned Curriculum

Enrolling in a Machine Learning course in Chennai means gaining access to industry-aligned, hands-on curriculum. Most reputable institutes design their courses in collaboration with top tech companies, ensuring learners acquire real-world skills that are directly applicable in job settings.

Topics typically covered include:

Python for Machine Learning

Data Preprocessing & Feature Engineering

Supervised and Unsupervised Algorithms

Model Evaluation & Tuning

Deep Learning Basics

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Computer Vision & Time Series Analysis

Deployment using Flask/Streamlit and cloud platforms

Students also work on live capstone projects, often based on real business challenges, which help them build strong portfolios and gain confidence for job interviews.

3. Expert Trainers and Mentorship

One of the standout benefits of taking a Machine Learning course in Chennai is the opportunity to learn directly from industry experts, PhDs, and AI practitioners. Many institutes hire trainers who have worked with leading global companies and bring valuable insights from the field.

Instructors often supplement lectures with:

Real-life case studies

One-on-one mentorship sessions

Mock interviews and resume reviews

Peer-to-peer discussions and coding challenges

Such hands-on guidance helps learners internalize complex ML concepts and develop critical problem-solving skills.

4. Networking Opportunities in a Thriving Tech Ecosystem

Chennai’s vibrant tech and startup ecosystem provides unparalleled opportunities to network with data scientists, ML engineers, researchers, and entrepreneurs. As you progress through your course, you can attend:

AI/ML meetups

Tech conferences (e.g., DataHack, PyCon, Deep Learning Indaba)

Hackathons and coding bootcamps

Guest lectures from industry leaders

This ecosystem not only boosts your knowledge but also increases your visibility among potential recruiters, collaborators, and mentors.

5. Job Placement Support and Internship Opportunities

Top training institutes in Chennai offer robust placement support, including:

Resume building workshops

Mock technical interviews

Job referrals through hiring partners

Internship opportunities with startups and AI-focused companies

Some institutes even have dedicated career support cells to help students transition smoothly from learning to employment. This is particularly helpful for freshers and career switchers.

Career Roles After Completing the Course:

Machine Learning Engineer

Data Scientist

AI Engineer

Data Analyst

Research Associate – AI/ML

NLP Engineer

Computer Vision Developer

The average salary for ML professionals in Chennai ranges from ₹6 LPA to ₹18 LPA, depending on experience and specialization.

6. Affordable and Flexible Learning Options

Unlike expensive overseas programs, a Machine Learning course in Chennai is highly cost-effective and offers great ROI. Institutes offer a range of pricing models:

Weekend and weekday batches

Full-time bootcamps or part-time courses

EMI options for payment

Hybrid learning (classroom + online)

This flexibility allows working professionals to upskill without quitting their jobs and enables students to learn at their own pace.

7. Learn from the Best: Boston Institute of Analytics (BIA) – Chennai

If you're searching for a trusted Machine Learning course in Chennai, the Boston Institute of Analytics (BIA) is a leading name in the field.

What sets BIA Chennai apart?

Globally recognized certification

Industry-designed curriculum

Real-world projects and case studies

Hands-on training from experienced faculty

100% placement assistance

Alumni working at top firms across India and abroad

BIA’s classroom courses provide a perfect balance of theory, practical skills, and industry exposure—making it an ideal choice for anyone serious about building a successful ML career.

8. High Demand for Machine Learning Professionals in Chennai

From healthcare and banking to e-commerce and manufacturing, companies across sectors in Chennai are adopting AI and machine learning to improve decision-making, automation, and efficiency.

Some key industry applications of ML in Chennai include:

Predictive maintenance in manufacturing

Fraud detection in banking

Personalized recommendations in retail and e-commerce

AI chatbots for customer support

Risk analysis and loan approval in finance

Disease prediction and medical imaging in healthcare

The demand for ML talent is only growing, and enrolling in a course now ensures you’re ready to capitalize on future opportunities.

Final Thoughts

Chennai is rapidly becoming a hotspot for AI innovation, and enrolling in a Machine Learning course in Chennai is a smart, strategic move if you want to enter one of the most future-proof careers today.

With access to top-tier training, expert mentorship, live projects, placement support, and a growing demand for AI talent, Chennai offers the perfect ecosystem to kickstart your journey into machine learning.

So why wait? Take the next step in your career and join a machine learning course in Chennai today. Your future in AI and data science begins here.

[kishansingh2524education]

Why Choose Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences for Your Higher Education?

When students look for the best university that offers quality education, good infrastructure, experienced faculty, and great career opportunities, one name that often stands out is Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences. Located in Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, this university is becoming a preferred choice for students across India.

In this article, we will explore why Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is an excellent place for students to pursue their academic goals.

Overview of the University

Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is a private university established with the vision to provide world-class education in the fields of technology, medical sciences, management, and more. The university focuses on producing skilled professionals who are not only academically strong but also socially responsible.

It offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in various disciplines including engineering, pharmacy, medical sciences, management, and education.

Academic Excellence and Recognitions

One of the main reasons why students prefer Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is because of its commitment to academic excellence. The university is recognized by UGC (University Grants Commission) and is known for its modern curriculum that matches current industry standards.

The university regularly updates its syllabus to ensure students are learning the latest technology and methods. Whether it’s engineering or medical sciences, the teaching standards are high and outcomes are measurable.

Modern Infrastructure and Facilities

For any student, campus infrastructure plays a big role in shaping their college experience. Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences offers a well-planned campus with state-of-the-art facilities:

Fully equipped laboratories

Digital classrooms with smart teaching tools

A large library with thousands of books, journals, and e-resources

Hostel facilities for both boys and girls

Sports facilities and recreational centers

On-campus medical care

All of this helps create an ideal learning environment for students.

Highly Qualified Faculty

Another major strength of Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is its faculty team. Professors here are not just teachers but mentors who guide students through every step of their academic journey.

Most of the faculty members hold Ph.D. degrees and have vast teaching or industry experience. Their focus is not only on theoretical learning but also on practical knowledge, which is essential in today's competitive world.

Focus on Research and Innovation

In today’s education landscape, research is as important as learning. At Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences, research and innovation are highly encouraged.

Students and faculty often participate in national and international conferences, present papers, and publish in reputed journals. The university has its own research and development cell, where students are trained to think critically and solve real-world problems using scientific methods.

Career Opportunities and Placements

A university's success is also measured by the placement opportunities it offers. Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences has a dedicated placement cell that works throughout the year to bring top recruiters to the campus.

Many reputed companies from sectors like IT, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing visit the university during placement drives. Students are trained in soft skills, technical skills, and interview techniques so that they are ready to face real job challenges confidently.

Courses Offered

Some of the popular courses at Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences include:

B.Tech in Computer Science, Civil, Mechanical, and more

MBBS and other medical-related programs

B.Pharm and D.Pharm

BBA, MBA, and Commerce programs

B.Ed and M.Ed for education aspirants

All programs are designed to meet both academic and professional requirements.

Student Life and Activities

Apart from academics, student life at Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is full of activities and events. From tech fests to cultural programs, students get a chance to express themselves and develop leadership and communication skills.

The university also encourages participation in NSS, NCC, and social outreach programs, helping students develop a strong sense of community and responsibility.

Affordable Fee Structure

Compared to many other private universities, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences offers an affordable fee structure, making it accessible to students from different economic backgrounds. Scholarships and financial aid options are also available for meritorious and needy students.

Final Thoughts

If you are a student looking for a university that offers a strong academic foundation, career opportunities, modern facilities, and holistic development, then Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences is the place to be.

[brookston]

Holidays 6.8

Holidays

Best Friend's Day

Betty Picnic Day

Bill of Rights Day

Biomedical Science Day (UK)

Bounty Day (Norfolk Island)

Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day

Colorism Awareness Day

Empathy Day

Engineer's Day (Peru)

Ghostbusters Day

Mela Khir Bhawani (Jammu and Kashmir, India)

International Day for the Unreached

International Day of Action for Elephants in Zoos

International Day of the Housewife

Journée nationale d'hommage aux morts pour la France en Indochine (National Hommage Day for those who died for France in Indochina; France)

Lindisfarne Day

Lucina Asteroid Day

National Architect Day (Peru)

National Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day

National Engineers’ Day (Peru)

National Florist Day (UK)

National Leave a Review Day

National Man Enough to Be a Girl Scout Day

National Soulmate Day

Pitchfork Day (French Republic)

Pranav Sivalumar Day (Illinois)

Primož Trubar Day (Slovenia)

Race Unity Day (Baha'i)

608 Day

Social Workers’ Day (Russia)

Thomas Paine Day

TPS Day (Office Space)

Upsy Daisy Day

USS Liberty Remembrance Day

Vacuum Cleaner Day

VM Day (a.k.a. Victory Mustachian Day; Republic of Molossia)

Watch Day

World Anti-Counterfeiting Day

World Brain Tumor Day

World Day of Speech Therapists

Food & Drink Celebrations

Chicken Tetrazzini Day

Ice Cream Day

Jelly-Filled Doughnut Day

Maple on Creme Fraiche Day

Name Your Poison Day

Strawberry Cheesecake Day

Nature Celebrations

Jasmine Day (Lovely; Korean Birth Flowers)

Moneywort Day (Lysimachia nummularia)

National Insect Appreciation Day

World Oceans Day (UN)

Independence, Flag & Related Days

Götterzene (Declared; 2021) [unrecognized]

Hartford, Connecticut (Founded as Ft. Good Hope; 1633)

Temotu Province Day (Solomon Islands)

Tennessee (Seceded from U.S.; 1861)

2nd Sunday in June

Abused Women and Children’s Awareness Day [2nd Sunday]

Azores Day (Azores) [Sunday of Pentecost]

Bunker Hill Day observed (Massachusetts) [Sunday before 17th]

Canadian Rivers Day (Canada) [2nd Sunday]

Children's Day (Massachusetts) [2nd Sunday]

Children's Sunday (Christian) [2nd Sunday]

Father’s Day (Austria, Belgium) [2nd Sunday]

International Drink Chenin Blanc Days, Day 3 [2nd Sunday]

International Shiatsu Day [2nd Sunday]

LEAF Open Farm Sunday (UK) [2nd Sunday]

Light Industry Workers Day (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, & Ukraine) [2nd Sunday]

Mother’s Day (Luxembourg) [2nd Sunday]

Multicultural American Child Day [2nd Sunday]

National Career Nursing Assistants’ Day [2nd Sunday]

National Children's Day [2nd Sunday]

National Garden Day (Germany) [2nd Sunday]

National Puerto Rican Day [2nd Sunday]

Race Unity Day (a.k.a. Race Amity Day; Baha’i) [2nd Sunday]

Ride the Wind Day [2nd Sunday]

Sandwich Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

Seven For Sunday [Every Sunday]

Sleepy Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

Sundae Sunday [Every Sunday]

Sunday Funday [Every Sunday]

Survey Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

World Pet Memorial Day [2nd Sunday; also 2nd Tuesday]

World Swallowtail Day [2nd Sunday]

Write To Your Father Day [2nd Sunday]

Weekly Holidays beginning June 8 (2nd Full Week of June)

National Clay Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Email Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Flag Week (thru 6.14) [Week including 6.14]_

National Pet Wedding Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Right of Way Professionals Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

Festivals On or Beginning June 8, 2025

Annecy International Animated Film Festival (Annecy, France) [thru 6.14]

Beacon Sloop Club Strawberry Festival (Beacon, New York)

The Carnival in the West (Brittany, France) [thru 6.9]

Darwin Lions Beer Can Regatta (Darwin, Australia)

Heritage Fire (Austin, Texas)

International Computer Music Conference (Boston, Massachusetts) [thru 6.14]

New Jersey Irish Festival (Monmouth Park, Oceanport, New Jersey)

Savor Idaho (Boise, Idaho)

Tony Awards (New York, New York)

Feast Days

Be Annoyingly Cheerful Day (Pastafarian)

Chlodulf of Metz (a.k.a. Clou, Chlodulph or Clodulphus; Christian; Blessed)

The Dough (Muppetism)

Elphege (Christian; Martyr)

Feast of Bona Mens (Roman Goddess of Correct Thinking)

Gilard (a.k.a. Godard), Bishop of Rouen (Christian; Saint)

Grain Ear Festival (Ancient China)

Heloise (Positivist; Saint)

Iggy Pop Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Jacques Berthieu, S.J. (Christian; Saint)

Jadwiga (Hedwig) of Poland (Christian; Saint)

Judgment Day (The Good and Evil are Given Their Just Rewards; Shamanism)

Lindisfarne Day (Asatru/Slavic Pagan)

Mariam Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan (Christian; Blessed)

Mary of the Divine Heart (Droste zu Vischering; Christian; Blessed)

Maximinus, Archbishop of Aix (Christian; Saint)

Medard of Noyon (Christian; Saint) [brewers]

Media Ver VI (Pagan)

Melania the Elder (Christian; Saint)

Rice Festival (Japan; Everyday Wicca)

Roland Allen (Episcopal Church (USA))

Syra, Virgin of Ireland (Christian; Saint)

Thomas Ken (Church of England)

William of York (Christian; Saint)

World Oceans Day (Oceans of the World Ritual; Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Christian Liturgical Holidays

7th Sunday after Easter [50 Days after Easter] (a.k.a. …

Bread and Cheese Day (Gloucestershire, UK)

Hvitasunnudagur (Iceland; sleeping in on Whitsunday is detrimental to your health, but monsters are asleep through the day and can be taken by surprise) 

Pentecost

Pingstdagen (Sweden)

Romeria del Rocia (Huelva, Spain)

Rurali (Romania)

Tweede Pinksterdag (Netherlands)

Whit Sunday

Whitsuntide

Islamic Lunar Holidays

Eid al-Adha, Day 3 [Muslim Feast of Sacrifice] (a.k.a. ... 

Al Adha (Bahrain)

Corban Bairam (Sudan)

Eid al Adha (Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, West Bank and Gaza, Yemen)

Eid e-Ghorban

Eid ul-Ad’haa (Maldives)

Feast of Sacrifice (Uzbekistan)

Gurban Bayram (Azerbaijan)

Hari Arafat (Malaysia)

Hari Raya Qurban (Malaysia)

Id el Kabir (Nigeria)

Kurban Bayram (North Cyprus)

Kurban Bayramy (Turkey)

Qurbon Hayit (Uzbekistan)

Lunar Calendar Holidays

Chinese:

Chinese: Month 5 (Ren-Wu), Day 13 (Wu-Shen)

Day Pillar: Earth Monkey

12-Day Officers/12 Gods: Full Day (满 Man) [Inauspicious]

Holidays: None Known

Secular Saints Days

Herb Adderly (Sports)

Tomaso Albinoni (Music)

Wilhelmina Barns-Graham (Art)

Mark Belanger (Sports)

Tim Berners-Lee (Science)

Francis Crick (Science)

Jan Frans De Boever (Art)

Griffin Dunne (Entertainment)

Fernand Fonssagrives (Art)

George Charles Haité (Art)

Harry Holtzman (Art)

John Everett Millais (Art)

LeRoy Neiman (Art)

Sara Paretsky (Literature)

Robert Preston (Entertainment)

Richard Pousette-Dart (Art)

Charles Reade (Literature)

Nick Rhodes (Music)

Joan Rivers (Entertainment)

Boz Scaggs (Music)

Robert Schumann (Music)

Nancy Sinatra (Music)

Thomas Sully (Art)

Kenneth G. WIlson (Science)

Frank Lloyd Wright (Architecture)

Marguerite Yourcenar (Literature)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Taian (大安 Japan) [Lucky all day.]

Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [30 of 60]

Premieres

Agents of Fortune, by Blue Öyster Cult (Album; 1976)

The Anniversary Party (Film; 2001)

Atlantis: The Lost Empire (Animated Film; 2001)

Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (Film; 1999)

Beat Street (Film; 1984)

Boilesk (Screen Songs Fleischer Cartoon; 1933)

Bonjour Tristesse, by Françoise Sagan (Novel; 1954)

Bosko’s Knight-Mare (WB LT Cartoon; 1933)

A Bugville Romance (Aesop's Sound Fable Van Beuren Cartoon; 1930)

The Bully (Flip the Frog Ub Iwerks MGM Cartoon; 1932)

The Cactus King (Little King Van Beuren Cartoon; 1934)

Californication, by the Red Hot Chili Peppers (Album; 1999)

Carmina Burana, by Carl Orff (Cantata; 1937)

The Chewin' Bruin (WB LT Cartoon; 1940)

Chilly’s Ice Folly (Chilly Willy Cartoon;1970)

Col. Heeza Liar in Uncle Tom's Cabin (Colonel Heeza Liar Cartoon; 1923)

Felix Gets the Can (Pat Sullivan Cartoon; 1925)

For Better or Nurse (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1945)

The Ghost and Mrs. Muir, by R.A. Dick (Novel; 1945)

Ghostbusters (Film; 1984)

The Gifts of the Jews, by Thomas Cahill (History Book; 1998)

The Good Times, by Russell Baker (Novel; 1989)

Gremlins (Film; 1984)

Hands Up (Mutt & Jeff Cartoon; 1919)

Hare-Breadth Hurry (WB LT Cartoon; 1963)

Hereditary (Film; 2018)

How to Have an Accident in the Home (Donald Duck Disney Cartoon; 1956)

Into Your Dance (WB MM Cartoon; 1935)

Julian, by Gore Vidal (Historical Novel; 1964)

Jumpin' Jack Flash, by The Rolling Stones (Song; 1968)

Kitty Cornered (WB LT Cartoon; 1946)

Lassie (Radio Series; 1947)

The Lays of an Ostrich Eggstrawdinary (Universal Screen Magazine Cartoon; 1919)

Little Brother Rat (Blue Ribbon Hit Parade Cartoon; 1946)

Love Potion #9, recorded by The Clovers (Song; 1959)

Madagascar 3: Europe’s Most Wanted (Animated Film; 2012)

Manilla Galleon, by F. Van Wyck Mason (Maritime Book; 1961)

Misery, by Stephen King (Novel; 1987)

Ms. Marvel (TV Series; 2022)

Musical Farmer (Mickey Mouse Disney Cartoon; 1932)

Nineteen Eighty-Four, by George Orwell (Novel; 1949)

Nurse Jackie (TV Series; 2009)

Ocean’s Eight (Film; 2018)

Ocean’s Thirteen (Film; 2007)

Office Help (Aesop's Film Fable Cartoon; 1925)

Out to Punch (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1955)

Pretty Little Liars (TV Series; 2010)

Prometheus (Film; 2012)

Sam & Cat (TV Series; 2013)

Secret Service (U.S. Gov't Security Organization; 1778)

The Silver Streak (Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1945)

Steal Wool (WB LT Cartoon; 1957)

Super Mouse Rides Again (Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1943)

Surf’s Up (Animated Film; 2007)

Test Pilot Donald (Donald Duck Disney Cartoon; 1951)

Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge, by My Chemical Romance (Album; 2004)

Tom Thumb on Trouble (WB MM Cartoon; 1940)

Tom Turkey and His Harmonica Humdingers (MGM Cartoon; 1940)

Too Boo or Not to Boo (Casper Cartoon; 1951)

Vendetta for the Saint, by Leslie Charteris and Harry Harrison (Novel; 1964) [Saint #38]

Wealth and Poverty, by George Gilder (Economics Book; 1981)

Wild in the Country (Film; 1961)

Window Shopping (Color Rhapsody Cartoon; 1938)

The Woman in the Dunes, by Kōbō Abe (Novel; 1962)

Won’t You Be My Neighbor? (Documentary Film; 2018)

Today’s Name Days

Elga, Ilga, Maria, Medardus (Austria)

Fortuna, Medard, Vilim (Croatia)

Medard (Czech Republic)

Medardus (Denmark)

Enda, Endla, Enna, Enne (Estonia)

Salomo, Salomon (Finland)

Médard (France)

Chlodwig, Elga, Medardus (Germany)

Kalliope, Kalliopi, Nafkratis (Greece)

Medárd (Hungary)

Medardo (Italy)

Frida, Fridis, Fridolins, Mundra (Latvia)

Eigintė, Medardas, Merūnas (Lithuania)

Ren, Renate (Norway)

Karp, Maksym, Medard, Seweryn, Wilhelm, Wyszesław (Poland)

Teodor (România)

Medard (Slovakia)

Kilian, Maximino, Salustiano (Spain)

Eivor, Majvor (Sweden)

Cain, Caine, Calliope, Genesis, Jewel, Kane, Kanye, Kayne, Opal (USA)

Today’s National Name Days

National Griffin Day

National Herb Day

National Karen Day

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 159 of 2025; 206 days remaining in the year

ISO Week: Day 7 of Week 23 of 2025

Celtic Tree Calendar: Huath (Hawthorn) [Day 27 of 28]

Chinese: Month 5 (Ren-Wu), Day 13 (Wu-Shen)

Chinese Year of the: Snake 4723 (until February 17, 2026) [Ding-Chou]

Coptic: 1 Baunah 1741

Druid Tree Calendar: Ironwood (June 4-13) [Day 5 of 10]

Hebrew: 12 Sivan 5785

Islamic: 11 Dhu al-Hijjah 1446

Julian: 26 May 2025

Meteorological Summer [Day 7]

Moon: 93%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 19 Saint Paul (6th Month) [Heloise]

Runic Half Month: Odal (Home, Possession) [Day 11 of 15] (thru 6.12)

Season: Spring (Day 80 of 92)

SUn Calendar: 9 Blue; Twosday [9 of 30]

Week: 2nd Full Week of June

Zodiac:

Tropical (Typical) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 19 of 31)

Sidereal Zodiac: Taurus (Day 25 of 32)

Schmidt Zodiac: Cetus (Day 2 of 26)

IAU Boundaries (Current) Zodiac: Aries (Day 26 of 39)

IAU Boundaries (1977) Zodiac: Aries (Day 26 of 37)

Calendar Changes

Baunah (a.k.a. Paoni or Baʾūnah) [بأونه] (Coptic Calendar) [Month 10 of 13]

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 6.8

Holidays

Best Friend's Day

Betty Picnic Day

Bill of Rights Day

Biomedical Science Day (UK)

Bounty Day (Norfolk Island)

Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day

Colorism Awareness Day

Empathy Day

Engineer's Day (Peru)

Ghostbusters Day

Mela Khir Bhawani (Jammu and Kashmir, India)

International Day for the Unreached

International Day of Action for Elephants in Zoos

International Day of the Housewife

Journée nationale d'hommage aux morts pour la France en Indochine (National Hommage Day for those who died for France in Indochina; France)

Lindisfarne Day

Lucina Asteroid Day

National Architect Day (Peru)

National Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day

National Engineers’ Day (Peru)

National FLorist Day (UK)

National Leave a Review Day

National Man Enough to Be a Girl Scout Day

National Soulmate Day

Pitchfork Day (French Republic)

Pranav Sivalumar Day (Illinois)

Primož Trubar Day (Slovenia)

Race Unity Day (Baha'i)

608 Day

Social Workers’ Day (Russia)

Thomas Paine Day

TPS Day (Office Space)

Upsy Daisy Day

USS Liberty Remembrance Day

Vacuum Cleaner Day

VM Day (a.k.a. Victory Mustachian Day; Republic of Molossia)

Watch Day

World Anti-Counterfeiting Day

World Brain Tumor Day

World Day of Speech Therapists

Food & Drink Celebrations

Chicken Tetrazzini Day

Ice Cream Day

Jelly-Filled Doughnut Day

Maple on Creme Fraiche Day

Name Your Poison Day

Strawberry Cheesecake Day

Nature Celebrations

Jasmine Day (Lovely; Korean Birth Flowers)

Moneywort Day (Lysimachia nummularia)

National Insect Appreciation Day

World Oceans Day (UN)

Independence, Flag & Related Days

Götterzene (Declared; 2021) [unrecognized]

Hartford, Connecticut (Founded as Ft. Good Hope; 1633)

Temotu Province Day (Solomon Islands)

Tennessee (Seceded from U.S.; 1861)

2nd Sunday in June

Abused Women and Children’s Awareness Day [2nd Sunday]

Azores Day (Azores) [Sunday of Pentecost]

Bunker Hill Day observed (Massachusetts) [Sunday before 17th]

Canadian Rivers Day (Canada) [2nd Sunday]

Children's Day (Massachusetts) [2nd Sunday]

Children's Sunday (Christian) [2nd Sunday]

Father’s Day (Austria, Belgium) [2nd Sunday]

International Drink Chenin Blanc Days, Day 3 [2nd Sunday]

International Shiatsu Day [2nd Sunday]

LEAF Open Farm Sunday (UK) [2nd Sunday]

Light Industry Workers Day (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, & Ukraine) [2nd Sunday]

Mother’s Day (Luxembourg) [2nd Sunday]

Multicultural American Child Day [2nd Sunday]

National Career Nursing Assistants’ Day [2nd Sunday]

National Children's Day [2nd Sunday]

National Garden Day (Germany) [2nd Sunday]

National Puerto Rican Day [2nd Sunday]

Race Unity Day (a.k.a. Race Amity Day; Baha’i) [2nd Sunday]

Ride the Wind Day [2nd Sunday]

Sandwich Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

Seven For Sunday [Every Sunday]

Sleepy Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

Sundae Sunday [Every Sunday]

Sunday Funday [Every Sunday]

Survey Sunday [2nd Sunday of Each Month]

World Pet Memorial Day [2nd Sunday; also 2nd Tuesday]

World Swallowtail Day [2nd Sunday]

Write To Your Father Day [2nd Sunday]

Weekly Holidays beginning June 8 (2nd Full Week of June)

National Clay Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Email Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Flag Week (thru 6.14) [Week including 6.14]_

National Pet Wedding Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

National Right of Way Professionals Week (thru 6.14) [2nd Full Week]

Festivals On or Beginning June 8, 2025

Annecy International Animated Film Festival (Annecy, France) [thru 6.14]

Beacon Sloop Club Strawberry Festival (Beacon, New York)

The Carnival in the West (Brittany, France) [thru 6.9]

Darwin Lions Beer Can Regatta (Darwin, Australia)

Heritage Fire (Austin, Texas)

International Computer Music Conference (Boston, Massachusetts) [thru 6.14]

New Jersey Irish Festival (Monmouth Park, Oceanport, New Jersey)

Savor Idaho (Boise, Idaho)

Tony Awards (New York, New York)

Feast Days

Be Annoyingly Cheerful Day (Pastafarian)

Chlodulf of Metz (a.k.a. Clou, Chlodulph or Clodulphus; Christian; Blessed)

The Dough (Muppetism)

Elphege (Christian; Martyr)

Feast of Bona Mens (Roman Goddess of Correct Thinking)

Gilard (a.k.a. Godard), Bishop of Rouen (Christian; Saint)

Grain Ear Festival (Ancient China)

Heloise (Positivist; Saint)

Iggy Pop Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Jacques Berthieu, S.J. (Christian; Saint)

Jadwiga (Hedwig) of Poland (Christian; Saint)

Judgment Day (The Good and Evil are Given Their Just Rewards; Shamanism)

Lindisfarne Day (Asatru/Slavic Pagan)

Mariam Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan (Christian; Blessed)

Mary of the Divine Heart (Droste zu Vischering; Christian; Blessed)

Maximinus, Archbishop of Aix (Christian; Saint)

Medard of Noyon (Christian; Saint) [brewers]

Media Ver VI (Pagan)

Melania the Elder (Christian; Saint)

Rice Festival (Japan; Everyday Wicca)

Roland Allen (Episcopal Church (USA))

Syra, Virgin of Ireland (Christian; Saint)

Thomas Ken (Church of England)

William of York (Christian; Saint)

World Oceans Day (Oceans of the World Ritual; Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Christian Liturgical Holidays

7th Sunday after Easter [50 Days after Easter] (a.k.a. …

Bread and Cheese Day (Gloucestershire, UK)

Hvitasunnudagur (Iceland; sleeping in on Whitsunday is detrimental to your health, but monsters are asleep through the day and can be taken by surprise) 

Pentecost

Pingstdagen (Sweden)

Romeria del Rocia (Huelva, Spain)

Rurali (Romania)

Tweede Pinksterdag (Netherlands)

Whit Sunday

Whitsuntide

Islamic Lunar Holidays

Eid al-Adha, Day 3 [Muslim Feast of Sacrifice] (a.k.a. ... 

Al Adha (Bahrain)

Corban Bairam (Sudan)

Eid al Adha (Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, West Bank and Gaza, Yemen)

Eid e-Ghorban

Eid ul-Ad’haa (Maldives)

Feast of Sacrifice (Uzbekistan)

Gurban Bayram (Azerbaijan)

Hari Arafat (Malaysia)

Hari Raya Qurban (Malaysia)

Id el Kabir (Nigeria)

Kurban Bayram (North Cyprus)

Kurban Bayramy (Turkey)

Qurbon Hayit (Uzbekistan)

Lunar Calendar Holidays

Chinese:

Chinese: Month 5 (Ren-Wu), Day 13 (Wu-Shen)

Day Pillar: Earth Monkey

12-Day Officers/12 Gods: Full Day (满 Man) [Inauspicious]

Holidays: None Known

Secular Saints Days

Herb Adderly (Sports)

Tomaso Albinoni (Music)

Wilhelmina Barns-Graham (Art)

Mark Belanger (Sports)

Tim Berners-Lee (Science)

Francis Crick (Science)

Jan Frans De Boever (Art)

Griffin Dunne (Entertainment)

Fernand Fonssagrives (Art)

George Charles Haité (Art)

Harry Holtzman (Art)

John Everett Millais (Art)

LeRoy Neiman (Art)

Sara Paretsky (Literature)

Robert Preston (Entertainment)

Richard Pousette-Dart (Art)

Charles Reade (Literature)

Nick Rhodes (Music)

Joan Rivers (Entertainment)

Boz Scaggs (Music)

Robert Schumann (Music)

Nancy Sinatra (Music)

Thomas Sully (Art)

Kenneth G. WIlson (Science)

Frank Lloyd Wright (Architecture)

Marguerite Yourcenar (Literature)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Taian (大安 Japan) [Lucky all day.]

Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [30 of 60]

Premieres

Agents of Fortune, by Blue Öyster Cult (Album; 1976)

The Anniversary Party (Film; 2001)

Atlantis: The Lost Empire (Animated Film; 2001)

Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (Film; 1999)

Beat Street (Film; 1984)

Boilesk (Screen Songs Fleischer Cartoon; 1933)

Bonjour Tristesse, by Françoise Sagan (Novel; 1954)

Bosko’s Knight-Mare (WB LT Cartoon; 1933)

A Bugville Romance (Aesop's Sound Fable Van Beuren Cartoon; 1930)

The Bully (Flip the Frog Ub Iwerks MGM Cartoon; 1932)

The Cactus King (Little King Van Beuren Cartoon; 1934)

Californication, by the Red Hot Chili Peppers (Album; 1999)

Carmina Burana, by Carl Orff (Cantata; 1937)

The Chewin' Bruin (WB LT Cartoon; 1940)

Chilly’s Ice Folly (Chilly Willy Cartoon;1970)

Col. Heeza Liar in Uncle Tom's Cabin (Colonel Heeza Liar Cartoon; 1923)

Felix Gets the Can (Pat Sullivan Cartoon; 1925)

For Better or Nurse (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1945)

The Ghost and Mrs. Muir, by R.A. Dick (Novel; 1945)

Ghostbusters (Film; 1984)

The Gifts of the Jews, by Thomas Cahill (History Book; 1998)

The Good Times, by Russell Baker (Novel; 1989)

Gremlins (Film; 1984)

Hands Up (Mutt & Jeff Cartoon; 1919)

Hare-Breadth Hurry (WB LT Cartoon; 1963)

Hereditary (Film; 2018)

How to Have an Accident in the Home (Donald Duck Disney Cartoon; 1956)

Into Your Dance (WB MM Cartoon; 1935)

Julian, by Gore Vidal (Historical Novel; 1964)

Jumpin' Jack Flash, by The Rolling Stones (Song; 1968)

Kitty Cornered (WB LT Cartoon; 1946)

Lassie (Radio Series; 1947)

The Lays of an Ostrich Eggstrawdinary (Universal Screen Magazine Cartoon; 1919)

Little Brother Rat (Blue Ribbon Hit Parade Cartoon; 1946)

Love Potion #9, recorded by The Clovers (Song; 1959)

Madagascar 3: Europe’s Most Wanted (Animated Film; 2012)

Manilla Galleon, by F. Van Wyck Mason (Maritime Book; 1961)

Misery, by Stephen King (Novel; 1987)

Ms. Marvel (TV Series; 2022)

Musical Farmer (Mickey Mouse Disney Cartoon; 1932)

Nineteen Eighty-Four, by George Orwell (Novel; 1949)

Nurse Jackie (TV Series; 2009)

Ocean’s Eight (Film; 2018)

Ocean’s Thirteen (Film; 2007)

Office Help (Aesop's Film Fable Cartoon; 1925)

Out to Punch (Fleischer/Famous Popeye Cartoon; 1955)

Pretty Little Liars (TV Series; 2010)

Prometheus (Film; 2012)

Sam & Cat (TV Series; 2013)

Secret Service (U.S. Gov't Security Organization; 1778)

The Silver Streak (Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1945)

Steal Wool (WB LT Cartoon; 1957)

Super Mouse Rides Again (Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1943)

Surf’s Up (Animated Film; 2007)

Test Pilot Donald (Donald Duck Disney Cartoon; 1951)

Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge, by My Chemical Romance (Album; 2004)

Tom Thumb on Trouble (WB MM Cartoon; 1940)

Tom Turkey and His Harmonica Humdingers (MGM Cartoon; 1940)

Too Boo or Not to Boo (Casper Cartoon; 1951)

Vendetta for the Saint, by Leslie Charteris and Harry Harrison (Novel; 1964) [Saint #38]

Wealth and Poverty, by George Gilder (Economics Book; 1981)

Wild in the Country (Film; 1961)

Window Shopping (Color Rhapsody Cartoon; 1938)

The Woman in the Dunes, by Kōbō Abe (Novel; 1962)

Won’t You Be My Neighbor? (Documentary Film; 2018)

Today’s Name Days

Elga, Ilga, Maria, Medardus (Austria)

Fortuna, Medard, Vilim (Croatia)

Medard (Czech Republic)

Medardus (Denmark)

Enda, Endla, Enna, Enne (Estonia)

Salomo, Salomon (Finland)

Médard (France)

Chlodwig, Elga, Medardus (Germany)

Kalliope, Kalliopi, Nafkratis (Greece)

Medárd (Hungary)

Medardo (Italy)

Frida, Fridis, Fridolins, Mundra (Latvia)

Eigintė, Medardas, Merūnas (Lithuania)

Ren, Renate (Norway)

Karp, Maksym, Medard, Seweryn, Wilhelm, Wyszesław (Poland)

Teodor (România)

Medard (Slovakia)

Kilian, Maximino, Salustiano (Spain)

Eivor, Majvor (Sweden)

Cain, Caine, Calliope, Genesis, Jewel, Kane, Kanye, Kayne, Opal (USA)

Today’s National Name Days

National Griffin Day

National Herb Day

National Karen Day

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 159 of 2025; 206 days remaining in the year

ISO Week: Day 7 of Week 23 of 2025

Celtic Tree Calendar: Huath (Hawthorn) [Day 27 of 28]

Chinese: Month 5 (Ren-Wu), Day 13 (Wu-Shen)

Chinese Year of the: Snake 4723 (until February 17, 2026) [Ding-Chou]

Coptic: 31 Bashans 1741

Druid Tree Calendar: Ironwood (June 4-13) [Day 5 of 10]

Hebrew: 12 Sivan 5785

Islamic: 11 Dhu al-Hijjah 1446

Julian: 26 May 2025

Meteorological Summer [Day 7]

Moon: 93%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 19 Saint Paul (6th Month) [Heloise]

Runic Half Month: Odal (Home, Possession) [Day 11 of 15] (thru 6.12)

Season: Spring (Day 80 of 92)

SUn Calendar: 9 Blue; Twosday [9 of 30]

Week: 2nd Full Week of June

Zodiac:

Tropical (Typical) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 19 of 31)

Sidereal Zodiac: Taurus (Day 25 of 32)

Schmidt Zodiac: Cetus (Day 2 of 26)

IAU Boundaries (Current) Zodiac: Aries (Day 26 of 39)

IAU Boundaries (1977) Zodiac: Aries (Day 26 of 37)

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National Institute of Technology, Surathkal

The National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, is one of India’s most prestigious engineering institutions. Established in 1960 as Karnataka Regional Engineering College (KREC), it was later renamed after being granted the status of a National Institute of Technology in 2002. Recognized as an Institute of National Importance, NITK is known for its excellence in engineering education, research, and innovation.

Located along the scenic coastline of the Arabian Sea in Surathkal, near Mangaluru in Karnataka, NITK's campus spans over 295 acres. The institute combines academic excellence with a serene, natural environment, offering an ideal setting for holistic development.

Academic Programs

NITK Surathkal offers a wide range of academic programs across undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels. The institute has 14 departments, including civil engineering, computer science and engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, chemical engineering, electronic and communication engineering, and mining engineering. In addition , there are departments for Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Humanities, and Management.

At the undergraduate level, it offers B.Tech degrees in various disciplines. For postgraduate students, M.Tech, M.Sc., and MBA programs are available. Doctoral programs (Ph.D.) are also offered in all departments, allowing students to engage in cutting-edge research and development.

Infrastructure and Campus Facilities

NITK is known for its state-of-the-art infrastructure that supports both academics and student life. The central library is a modern facility with a large collection of books, national and international journals, e-books, and digital databases. It spans over 2,700 square meters and is fully automated.

The Central Computer Center provides high-speed internet and computing services to students and faculty. All academic and administrative departments are connected via a secure campus-wide network. Lecture halls are equipped with smart boards, projectors, and audio-visual aids to facilitate modern teaching methodologies.

The campus is fully residential, with separate hostels for male and female students. Each hostel is equipped with essential amenities, including internet connectivity, common rooms, mess facilities, and recreation spaces. Faculty quarters and guest houses are also available.

NITK also houses a commercial complex with a bank, ATMs, a post office, a medical center, shopping outlets, and multiple food courts and cafeterias. The presence of the private NITK beach, located right beside the campus, adds a unique charm to the student experience.

Sports and Extracurricular Activities

NITK places a strong emphasis on overall student development. The campus includes extensive sports facilities: a modern gymnasium, indoor and outdoor courts, athletics tracks, and a swimming pool. Students actively participate in sports, cultural events, and technical festivals.

The institute hosts various clubs and societies that cater to interests in robotics, music, dance, drama, literature, coding, and photography. Major student-run festivals include “Engineer” (technical fest), “Incident” (cultural fest), and “Spandan” (sports fest), attracting participants from across the country.

Research and Innovation

Research is a core focus area at NITK. Each department actively participates in research initiatives funded by government agencies such as the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), and the Ministry of Education.

The institute is home to several Centers of Excellence and specialized research labs. These centers work on contemporary challenges in renewable energy, data science, artificial intelligence, climate change, materials science, and more.

Students and faculty regularly publish in peer-reviewed international journals and present papers at global conferences. The institute also encourages innovation through entrepreneurship development programs, startup support initiatives, and intellectual property facilitation.

Industry Collaboration and Placements

NITK has established strong linkages with industry through its Training and Placement Cell. The institute enjoys an excellent reputation among recruiters, with over 300 companies visiting the campus annually. These include top multinational corporations in software, core engineering, consulting, finance, and analytics sectors.

Some of the key recruiters include Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Infosys, Wipro, Tata Consultancy Services, Larsen & Toubro, Mahindra & Mahindra, and Schlumberger. Many students also secure international job offers or pursue higher studies at globally reputed universities.

The placement statistics at NITK are consistently impressive. The average salary package for undergraduate students ranges between ₹12 to ₹18 lakh per annum, with the highest packages going above ₹50 lakh per annum. Internship opportunities, pre-placement offers (PPOs), and industry-sponsored projects are a regular part of the academic journey.

Global Exposure and Academic Collaborations

NITK promotes internationalization through academic exchange programs, research collaborations, and MoUs with foreign universities. The institute partners with institutions across the USA, Germany, Japan, and other countries to facilitate faculty and student exchange, joint degree programs, and collaborative research projects.

Students are encouraged to participate in international conferences, workshops, and internships abroad, adding a global perspective to their technical expertise. Faculty members are also active in global research communities and advisory boards.

Community Engagement and Recent Initiatives

In addition to academic excellence, NITK contributes actively to social development. The institute recently partnered with the Dakshina Kannada district administration to form a civic think tank consortium. This initiative allows faculty and students to contribute to local governance and policy-making in areas like infrastructure, sustainability, and urban planning.

NITK also runs outreach programs aimed at school students, women in STEM, and rural education. Through initiatives such as workshops, rural internships, and awareness drives, the institute fulfills its social responsibility.

Student Life and Campus Culture

Life at NITK Surathkal is vibrant, diverse, and enriching. Students come from all parts of India, creating a multicultural and inclusive campus environment. The institution promotes a strong sense of community and independence among students. Hostel life, evening walks on the beach, late-night group studies, and festival celebrations all contribute to memorable college experiences.

The Student Council and various departmental associations ensure that students have a voice in decision-making and event organization. NITK’s alumni network is active and spread across top companies, universities, and leadership roles worldwide, offering a strong support system and mentorship opportunities.

Conclusion

National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, stands out as a model institution for engineering education in India. With its picturesque campus, rigorous academics, cutting-edge research, and strong industry integration, NITK continues to nurture future leaders, innovators, and socially conscious engineers. Its commitment to academic freedom, community service, and global competence ensures that students graduate not just with degrees, but with the skills, ethics, and vision to shape a better world.