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coronavirusofficedisinfecting · 4 years

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Previous vaccines and masks may hold down Covid-19, some researchers say

Coronavirus Office Building DOne of those mysteries: why the experience can be so different from person to person. One expert says the answer may involve looking at previous vaccines individuals have had.

"When we looked in the setting of Covid disease, we found that people who had prior vaccinations with a variety of vaccines -- for pneumococcus, influenza, hepatitis and others -- appeared to have a lower risk of getting Covid disease," Dr. Andrew Badley, an infectious disease specialist at Mayo Clinic told CNN's Anderson Cooper on Monday night.

It's what immunologists call immune training: how your immune system creates an effective response to fight off infections, Badley says.

"A good analogy is to think of your immune system as being a muscle," he said. "The more you exercise that muscle, the stronger it will be when you need it."

There's been no definitive evidence of any other vaccines boosting immunity against Covid-19. But some researchers have suggested it's possible.

Do some people have protection against the coronavirus? Do some people have protection against the coronavirus? In June, a team of researchers in the US proposed giving a booster dose of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine to people to see if it helps prevent the most severe effects of coronavirus infections. And last month, researchers found that countries where many people have been given the tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) had less mortality from coronavirus, a finding that fits with other research suggesting the vaccine can boost people's immunity in general.

But once you're infected, how much of the virus made it into your body could also have an impact on what your experience is, another expert told CNN on Monday.

Dr. Monica Gandhi, an infectious disease specialist at University of California, San Francisco, has been working with a team of researchers to understand how more people could go through their infections with minimal or no symptoms. About 40% of people infected with the virus don't have symptoms, according to an estimate last month by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Gandhi's team found masks make a difference.

"What the mask does is really reduce the amount of virus that you get in, if you do get infected," she said. "And by reducing that ... you have a lower dose, you're able to manage it, you're able to have a calm response and you have mild symptoms or no symptoms at all."

So far, more than 5 million Americans have tested positive for the virus and at least 163,473 have died, according to Johns Hopkins University data.

The average number of daily new cases in the US is more than 54,000, down from more than 65,000 per day in mid- to late-July.

Average daily Covid-19 deaths, however, have hovered above 1,000 for more than two weeks. The country had been below that level for seven weeks before that.

Coronavirus: Your questions, answered

90% increase in child cases in a month More research is also emerging around children and coronavirus amid back-to-school season.

Florida's Covid-19 cases in children have increased 137% in past month Florida's Covid-19 cases in children have increased 137% in past month The number of coronavirus cases among children in the US rose by 90% over four weeks this summer, according to a report published Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association.

The report said 179,990 new Covid-19 cases were recorded among US children from July 9 to August 6.

More than 380,000 children had been infected as of August 6, according to the report, making up just over 9% of the total cases in states that report cases by age.

The report comes as recent studies suggest children could play an important role in transmission of the virus. One study said older children can transmit coronavirus just as much as adults, and another found children younger than 5 carried a higher load of the virus, which also raised questions about their role in its spread.

And while some US officials, including the President, have said the virus doesn't pose a big risk to children, experts say that's not the case.

Without childcare, it will be a rough road to recovery Without childcare, it will be a rough road to recovery "It's not fair to say that this virus is completely benign in children," Dr. Sean O'Leary, vice-chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases, said Monday. "We've had 90 deaths in children in the US already, in just a few months. Every year we worry about influenza in children, and there are roughly around 100 deaths in children from influenza every year."

Still, many schools and universities across the country are moving forward with plans to begin in-person instruction, despite protests nationwide from teachers who say a return to class could be deadly.

In Georgia, multiple school districts have reported cases of the virus after reopening. In the Cherokee County School District, more than 800 students and more than 40 staff members have been quarantined since school began earlier this month, over concerns they may have been exposed to the virus.

A school nurse in the district with the crowded hallway photo quit over a scarcity of Covid-19 precautions. Rising cases are 'not the validation' she wanted A school nurse in the district with the crowded hallway photo quit over a scarcity of Covid-19 precautions. Rising cases are 'not the validation' she wanted The district, which has more than 42,000 students, reported at least seven positive cases among students and 10 cases among staff as of Friday.

In Mississippi, at least 22 schools across the state have reported positive cases, State Health Director Dr. Thomas Dobbs said this week. There have been 19 cases reported among students and 15 cases among staff.

These states require face masks

Cases spiked in nursing homes due to community spread, group says Covid-19 cases rose rapidly in US nursing homes in July after a steady decline in June -- signaling a serious risk to an especially vulnerable group of people, a health organization said Tuesday.

Covid-19 misinformation is spreading in 25 different languages, leading to deaths and injuries, study finds Covid-19 misinformation is spreading in 25 different languages, leading to deaths and injuries, study finds The jump in nursing home cases was due to an overall jump in cases in the general population, and it should spur the US government to take steps to protect the homes, the American Health Care Association and National Center for Assisted Living said.

"We need public health officials to focus on reducing spread within the larger community and prioritizing long term care for resources, like (personal protective equipment), testing, staff support and funding, so we can prevent the virus from coming in to nursing homes and help staff take targeted action if it does," Mark Parkinson, CEO of the AHCA/NCAL, told CNN Tuesday by email.

New weekly Covid-19 cases in nursing homes dropped from 9,072 at the end of May to 5,468 by June 21 -- but then rose to 8,628 for the week of July 19, the last week for which data is available, the group said. The group cited data collected by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

These are the states requiring people to wear masks when out in public These are the states requiring people to wear masks when out in public The report said this confirmed fears the group had: That cases would rise in nursing homes as they spiked in the wider community across the country from June to July.

Older adults and people with certain underlying medical conditions increase the risk of severe illness, the CDC says.

CNN's Jen Christensen, Andrea Kane, Jamiel Ly Services

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lifecarematernitybilaspur · 2 years

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Changes You Need To Make Before Conceiving

There are some of the things that you can do now before you try to conceive as it will affect the fertility and health of your baby. Once you start to try for a baby, you wouldn't know that you are pregnant for the first few weeks as it would require a test to confirm the same. So, if you are trying for a baby and want to incorporate some of the healthy changes in your life, then you must consult the best Gynaecologist in Bilaspur Chhattisgarh as it will give you the peace of mind when you get pregnant. In this blog, we are going to talk about some of the changes that you need to make before conceiving so as to make your pregnancy healthy.

· Stop Smoking: If you are one of those who smoke on a routine basis, then you must stop to smoke now as it improves the fertility level. In a study, it has been shown that smoking damages the DNA of the baby and it is one of the biggest risk factors that cause serious complications in the pregnancy period. So, you must stop to smoke as soon as possible.

· Start to Take Folic Acids: Folic acids are required to maximize the protection for your baby against neural tube defects. If you have stopped contraception, then you must start to take Folic acid supplement as described by your gynecologist.

· Reduce caffeine intake: If you are one of the caffeine lovers, then you must reduce your caffeine intake as it increases the chances of miscarriage. This goes same to both men and women as it can prove to be harmful to the developing baby. You as well as your partner should limit your caffeine intake to 200 mg per day.

· Maintain a healthy weight: If you are overweight, then it increases the risk of complications in pregnancy. And if you are underweight, then it may prove to be difficult for you to give a healthy way to your developing baby. You can even talk to your gynecologist regarding being over or underweight and planning a pregnancy.

· Get your MMR vaccination done: MMR stands for measles, mumps and rubella. Rubella is one of the dangerous diseases that can affect the baby's development. If you have not been vaccinated, then you must make an appointment to get vaccinated.

· Discuss about pre-existing medical situations: You must talk to your best gynecologist in Bilaspur Chhattisgarh about your plans to conceive, pre-existing medical conditions, epilepsy, diabetes or mental health illness. The doctor can recommend you to take some of the medications to treat them as it me prove to be hard for you to get pregnant. So, it is always considered as a wise decision to consult a gynecologist.

#best Gynecologists in Bilaspur #top Gynecologists in Bilaspur #Gynecologists in Bilaspur #Dr. Priya Mishra #Sri Siddhi Vinayak Test Tube Baby Center

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hayatpektus45 · 3 years

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Various types of changes take place in the body of women during pregnancy. During this time, his body becomes sensitive to infectious diseases. In such a situation, only nutritious food and exercise are not enough to protect the mother and baby during pregnancy. Some other things also need to be considered.infertility

Pregnancy Importance

Vaccination is very important to increase the immunity of a woman’s gestation. At the beginning of gestation, the doctor informs you which tests you have to get and which vaccines to be administered gestation. The pregnant mother must get vaccinated for the care and protection of the health of the unborn child. Vaccination protects both mother and baby from many types of infectious diseases.

This process is called passive immunization. Vaccination pregnancy protects the child from diseases in the womb and until some time after birth. However, you should not wait to get vaccinated for the condition or period of being pregnant as some vaccines cannot be given during pregnancy. The vaccination process must begin long before you become pregnant.

Vaccination in pregnancy

There are various changes in the body of women during gestation. During this time, the body becomes sensitive to infectious diseases. In such a situation, nutritious food and exercise are not enough to protect the mother and baby during the condition or period of being pregnant. Some other things also need to be considered and vaccination is one of them. The pregnant mother must get vaccinated for the care and protection of the health of the unborn child. Vaccination protects both mother and baby from many types of infectious diseases. By applying the vaccine, the pregnant woman’s body acts as an antibody, which helps protect the baby from infection. This is why vaccination is necessary during gestation.

Which vaccines are recommended in pregnancy?

All pregnant women need to be vaccinated gestation to protect them from some serious diseases. Also, some other vaccines should be administered with the advice of a doctor:

Tdap vaccine: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis are very serious diseases. Tdap vaccine must be given during every pregnancy to prevent pregnant women and infants. Under this, 2 vaccines of tetanus toxoid (TT) are applied to the pregnant woman. Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine is used to protect against tetanus. TT-1 is vaccinated in the early days of gestation and TT-2 is vaccinated four weeks after it. After this, if the woman is pregnant again within the next three years, then this time only the booster TT vaccine will be given.

Vaccine After Delivery

Influenza vaccine: The immune system, heart, and lungs of pregnant women (after two weeks of delivery) can be affected due to the flu. There is a risk of serious illness from this. It can also be harmful to the unborn baby. Therefore, vaccination of influenza is necessary. Influenza vaccine given to pregnant women reduces the disease called influenza by 63% in infants up to the age of 6 months.

Which vaccines should be avoided in pregnancy

Pregnant women should avoid the following vaccines-

1. Hepatitis A

The safety and potency of this vaccination have not been fully tested. Mothers who are at greater risk of exposure to this virus should consult their doctor for the risks and benefits of this vaccine before choosing it.

2. MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)

It is a live-virus vaccine and having an initial test of rubella will know if you are immune to the rubella virus. If you are not immune to rubella, you will be given this virus only after delivery.

3. Varicella

Varicella is a vaccine given one month before pregnancy. It is used to prevent chickenpox in infants, it is not appropriate to take its period of being pregnant.

4. HPV Vaccine

Vaccination of the human papillomavirus virus is inappropriate for the period of being pregnant.

5. Pneumococcal

Due to the safety nature of this vaccine not known, it is not suitable for pregnant women. Only women who are at serious risk of a prolonged illness should consult a doctor before taking this vaccine.

6. Oral Polio Vaccine (POV) and Inactive Polio Vaccine (IPV)

It is not recommended to give both versions of polio vaccines (live and inactive) to pregnant women.

Side effects after vaccination

Although the benefits are more than these, you may experience the following side effects during pregnancy after one of the above vaccinations-

redness

swelling

Vaccination site pain

Fatigue

body pain

Abnormal rashes

Vomiting

Diarrhea

stomach pain

Fever

If you plan to travel abroad to places with vaccine-preventive infection, consult your doctor and ask about other vaccinations you may need before your gestation.

Precautions to be taken for vaccination in pregnancy: It is important to keep some things in mind while undergoing vaccination during the period of being pregnant., such as:

Be sure to consult your doctor before getting vaccinated.

If you are pregnant within 4 weeks of getting the vaccine, then tell your doctor about it.

If you are getting the necessary vaccines in your office, then tell that you are pregnant before getting vaccinated. It is better that you talk to your doctor about this.

Every woman should get 2 vaccines of tetanus toxoid on the first gestation.

Vaccines during pregnancy: The pregnant require multiple vaccinations.

Some vaccines should be administered before gestation. Before getting the vaccine, a blood test should be done on the advice of the doctor. After this, some vaccines can be administered on the advice of the doctor such as:

1. MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella). Rubella is such a serious disease that can cause miscarriage. The best protection against this disease is the MMR vaccine.

2. Hepatitis-B: If hepatitis-B infection occurs during gestation, it can happen to the baby after birth. Hepatitis-B can cause serious health problems for the child.

3. DPT vaccine: DPT i.e. diphtheria, tetanus, the pertussis vaccine is applied to pregnant.

4. Influenza Vaccine: Influenza vaccine is necessary to get pregnant.

5. Whooping Cough Vaccine: To avoid whooping cough (whooping cough), doctors recommend applying it. Because of serious complications like pneumonia and inflammation of the brain, whooping cough is called whooping cough. This condition can be dangerous for the unborn baby. Doctors recommend getting the vaccine as soon as possible in the third trimester (between 27 and 36 weeks of pregnancy).

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aardvarkcompareposts-blog · 5 years

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Timor-Leste Travel Health Insurance - Country Review

Learn more about Timor-Leste Travel Health Insurance with an overview from the CDC and the US State Department. Here we cover Vaccines, Medicines and Insurance. At AardvarkCompare we can’t recommend travel insurance enough. Whether you are just traveling a few hundred miles from home to see family, or traveling to the other side of the world, travel insurance should be considered an essential part of your holiday packing. The hope is that you won’t have to use your travel insurance, and that you’ll have a fun and enjoyable trip. The following advice should help you make the most of your trip to Timor-Leste. Note: Always check that your destination country is one approved for travel by your travel insurance provider.

Timor-Leste Travel Health – CDC

All travelers You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some vaccines may also be required for travel. Vaccines and Medicines Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor (ideally, 4-6 weeks) before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need. Routine vaccines Make sure you are up-to-date on routine vaccines before every trip. These vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot. Measles Infants (6 through 11 months old): 1 dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine before travel. This dose does not count as the first dose in the routine childhood vaccination series. People 12 months old or older, with no evidence of immunity or no written documentation of any doses: 2 doses of MMR vaccine before travel. The 2 doses must be given 28 days apart. People 12 months old or older who have written documentation of 1 dose and no other evidence of immunity: 1 additional dose before travel, at least 28 days after the previous dose. Most travelers Get travel vaccines and medicines because there is a risk of these diseases in the country you are visiting. Hepatitis A CDC recommends this vaccine because you can get hepatitis A through contaminated food or water in Timor-Leste, regardless of where you are eating or staying. Malaria You will need to take prescription medicine before, during, and after your trip to prevent malaria. Your doctor can help you decide which medicine is right for you, and also talk to you about other steps you can take to prevent malaria. Areas of Timor-Leste with risk of malaria: Present in Oecusse District. Rare cases in other districts. See more detailed information about malaria in Timor-Leste. Typhoid You can get typhoid through contaminated food or water in Timor-Leste. CDC recommends this vaccine for most travelers, especially if you are staying with friends or relatives, visiting smaller cities or rural areas, or if you are an adventurous eater. Some travelers Ask your doctor what vaccines and medicines you need based on where you are going, how long you are staying, what you will be doing, and if you are traveling from a country other than the US. Hepatitis B You can get hepatitis B through sexual contact, contaminated needles, and blood products, so CDC recommends this vaccine if you might have sex with a new partner, get a tattoo or piercing, or have any medical procedures. Japanese Encephalitis You may need this vaccine if your trip will last more than a month, depending on where you are going in Timor-Leste and what time of year you are traveling. You should also consider this vaccine if you plan to visit rural areas in Timor-Leste or will be spending a lot of time outdoors, even for trips shorter than a month. Your doctor can help you decide if this vaccine is right for you based on your travel plans. See more in-depth information on Japanese Encephalitis in Timor-Leste. Rabies Rabies can be found in dogs, bats, and other mammals in the Timor-Leste, so CDC recommends this vaccine for the following groups: Travelers involved in outdoor and other activities in remote areas that put them at risk for bat bites (such as adventure travel and caving). People who will be working with or around bats (such as wildlife professionals and researchers). People who are taking long trips or moving to Timor-Leste Children, because they tend to play with animals, might not report bites, and are more likely to have animal bites on their head and neck. Stay Health and Safe Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in Timor-Leste, so your behaviors are important. Eat and Drink Safely Unclean food and water can cause travelers' diarrhea and other diseases. Reduce your risk by sticking to safe food and water habits. Eat Food that is cooked and served hot Hard-cooked eggs Fruits and vegetables you have washed in clean water or peeled yourself Pasteurized dairy products Don't Eat Food served at room temperature Food from street vendors Raw or soft-cooked (runny) eggs Raw or undercooked (rare) meat or fish Unwashed or unpeeled raw fruits and vegetables Unpasteurized dairy products Bushmeat (monkeys, bats, or other wild game) Drink Bottled water that is sealed Water that has been disinfected Ice made with bottled or disinfected water Carbonated drinks Hot coffee or tea Pasteurized milk Don’t Drink Tap or well water Ice made with tap or well water Drinks made with tap or well water (such as reconstituted juice) Unpasteurized milk Take Medicine Talk with your doctor about taking prescription or over-the-counter drugs with you on your trip in case you get sick. Prevent bug bites Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in Timor-Leste. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites. What can I do to prevent bug bites? Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats. Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below) . Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin. Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms. Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors. What type of insect repellent should I use? FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours. FOR PROTECTION AGAINST MOSQUITOES ONLY: Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent mosquito bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection. DEET Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin) Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD IR3535 Always use insect repellent as directed. What should I do if I am bitten by bugs? Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching. Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks What can I do to avoid bed bugs? Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs. For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites. Stay safe outdoors If your travel plans in Timor-Leste include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip. Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe. Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit. Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities. Heat-related illness, such as heat stroke, can be deadly. Eat and drink regularly, wear loose and lightweight clothing, and limit physical activity during high temperatures. If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating. Protect yourself from UV radiation: use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.). Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing. Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location. Stay safe around water Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches. Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket. Do not dive into shallow water. Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor. Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick. To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste. Keep away from animals Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies. Follow these tips to protect yourself: Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know. Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth. Avoid rodents and their urine and feces. Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals. If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see. All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately: Wash the wound with soap and clean water. Go to a doctor right away. Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States. Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries. Reduce your exposure to germs Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling: Wash your hands often, especially before eating. If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol). Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing. Try to avoid contact with people who are sick. If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care. Avoid sharing body fluids Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen. Protect yourself: Use latex condoms correctly. Do not inject drugs. Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated. Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture. If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized. Know how to get medical care while traveling Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise: Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination. Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance. Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take. Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call the Timor-Leste embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you. Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to. Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website (Joint Commission International). In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination. Malaria is a risk in some parts of Timor-Leste. If you are going to a risk area, fill your malaria prescription before you leave, and take enough with you for the entire length of your trip. Follow your doctor’s instructions for taking the pills; some need to be started before you leave. Select safe transportation Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries. In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes. Walking Be smart when you are traveling on foot. Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks. Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas. Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries. Riding/Driving Choose a safe vehicle. Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses. Ride only in cars that have seatbelts. Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans. Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.) Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable. Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes. Think about the driver. Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking. Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area. Arrange payment before departing. Follow basic safety tips. Wear a seatbelt at all times. Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis. When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.) Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of Timor-Leste may be poor. Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries). Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas. If you choose to drive a vehicle in Timor-Leste, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork. Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times. Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance. Flying Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft. If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections. Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather. Medical Evacuation Insurance If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons. Helpful Resources Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources. The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee. Traffic flows on the left side of the road in Timor-Leste. Always pay close attention to the flow of traffic, especially when crossing the street. LOOK RIGHT for approaching traffic. Maintain personal security Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings. Before you leave Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture. Monitor travel warnings and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State. Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP). Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home. Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace. While at your destination(s) Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate. Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel. Follow all local laws and social customs. Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry. Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas. If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors. Healthy Travel Packing List Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for Timor-Leste for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you. Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items? It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use. After Your Trip If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic. Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling. If your doctor prescribed antimalarial medicine for your trip, keep taking the rest of your pills after you return home. If you stop taking your medicine too soon, you could still get sick. Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the doctor about your travel history. For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel.

Timor-Leste Travel Health – The US State Department

U.S.- TIMOR-LESTE RELATIONS Timor-Leste became an independent nation in 2002, following over four hundred years of Portuguese colonization, twenty-four years of Indonesian occupation, and three years of United Nations transitional administration. The country faces the challenge of building a strong democracy and vibrant economy against a background of still-fragile institutions and limited human capital. The United States and Timor-Leste enjoy excellent bilateral relations based on shared interests and values, and the United States is committed to strengthening and deepening this partnership. U.S. Assistance to Timor-Leste The United States has a significant bilateral development assistance program and is also a major donor member to a number of multilateral agencies active in Timor-Leste such as the United Nations, Asian Development Bank, and World Bank. U.S. development assistance is delivered through US Agency for International Development (USAID) governance, health, and agricultural programs, year-round rotations of U.S. Navy Seabees, and a growing Peace Corps program. In December 2017, the Millennium Challenge Corporation selected Timor-Leste for compact development and aims to partner with the Timorese government to reduce key drivers of poverty and promote economic growth. U.S. assistance focuses on bolstering stability by strengthening the foundations of good governance, improving the health of the Timorese people, supporting the professionalization of the Timorese security forces, and creating jobs for the rapidly growing and youthful population by accelerating economic growth. Bilateral Economic Relations Timor-Leste remains one of the least developed countries in the world and there is little direct trade with the United States. The economy is dependent on government spending (financed by petroleum revenues) and, to a lesser extent, assistance from international donors including the United States. Private sector development has lagged due to human capital shortages, infrastructure weakness, an incomplete legal system, and an inefficient regulatory environment. The U.S. Overseas Private Investment Corporation and the Government of Timor-Leste have signed an Investment Incentive Agreement. The major U.S. investor in Timor-Leste is ConocoPhillips; its Bayu-Undan gas condensate development is located in the Timor Sea joint petroleum development area between Timor-Leste and Australia. The second largest export is coffee, which generates between $15 and $30 million a year. Starbucks Coffee Company is a major purchaser of Timorese coffee. Timor-Leste’s Membership in International Organizations Timor-Leste’s foreign policy places high priority on its relationships with Indonesia, Australia, other neighbors, and friendly countries and donors, most notably the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP) and member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Timor-Leste began its two year presidency of the CPLP in 2014 by prioritizing economic integration between member states, as well as joint exploration and production of oil and gas. One of its top foreign policy objectives is to join ASEAN. Timor-Leste applied for ASEAN membership in 2011, but an ASEAN decision to admit the nation is still pending. In June 2018, Timor-Leste formally joined the Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI), the U.S. government’s signature program to strengthen leadership development and networking among youth in Southeast Asia. Timor-Leste and the United States belong to many of the same international organizations, including the United Nations, ASEAN Regional Forum, Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering, International Monetary Fund, and World Bank. Bilateral Representation Timor-Leste maintain an embassy in the United States at 4201 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20008 (telephone: 202-966-3202). Have questions? We would love to hear from you. Send us a chat, Send us a Mail or alternatively Call Us at (650) 492-6298. Recent AardvarkCompare Travel Insurance Customer Reviews I Panicked When I Discovered I panicked when I discovered the Travel Insurance I had through Expedia had expired when I changed my flight reservation. When I went to renew I was told I couldn't. I discovered Aardvark on my AARP site and I was excited I could purchase a an even better travel plan with coverage starting with my trip departure, at a cost I could afford. I was confused with the initial site and was Mr. Breeze reached out to me for clarification. He explained the policy more thoroughly and addressed all my concerns, can't get any better then that! Thank You Aardvark and thank you Jonathan for your assistance. I can go on my trip now knowing I'll be covered for medical emergencies, and then some. Barbara Good Choices, Well Explained I liked the way insurance was explained. I had read an article your company had written explaining Expedia trip coverage versus other choices. I used this advice to make the best choice for me and my traveling companions. That choice was to take a policy that provided much better medical and evacuation primary care. Your site allowed comparisons, and I think I got the best value for my money. I don't like constant follow up emails. You could back off a bit!! Louise Read the full article

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compare-wp10 · 4 years

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The False Prop of ‘Get Your Flu Shot’ - LewRockwell

See on Scoop.it - COMPARE RISK COMMUNICATION

Walk in to any chain pharmacy or a Big Box store, and they are promoting flu shots as you enter the front door. Flu shots are big business now. The masses must be vaccinated. Scare tactics Relias Media, self-proclaimed as a “trusted source for healthcare information,” releases this headline story: “Given the nation’s antivaccine movement and the annual safety myths and efficacy quibbles about the seasonal influenza vaccine, public health officials are keeping it simple this year: CDC: Flu Vaccination Can Keep You Out Of The Hospital, Morgue.” In my lifetime, I have never known of a single person who died of influenza. Yet the annual mortal threat posed by the flu seems like an imagined pandemic every flu season. NBC-News posts a report entitled “Here’s why doctors urge people to get the flu shot every year” with an accompanying video story of a 4-year-old who became ill with flu and developed swelling of the brain and lost some of her vision, which may or may not be permanent, the report says. But the headline reads: “Mother’s warning after flu leaves 4-year old blind.” Video footage shows a child who certainly has some functional vision. The news report appears to be a scare tactic. A major news agency is doing the bidding of the vaccine makers. Another online political news portal, The Hill, ran with the NBC story with a headline that reads: “4-Year Old Who Wasn’t Vaccinated Against Flu Goes Blind From Virus.” And so it goes in our dystopian “fake” news era. Fiction becomes non-fiction. Andrew W. Saul Best Price: $17.94 Buy New $18.21 (as of 08:00 EST - Details) Meanwhile, other news agencies report flu vaccination is likely to be ineffective against a new flu strain. The overall blended message is “get a useless flu shot.” The essence of flu fakery But here is the essence of the annual flu fakery. It’s called “influenza-like illness.” At the end of December/2019 The Center for Infectious Disease Research & Policy (CIDRAP) reported 4.6 million flu illnesses, 39,000 hospitalizations and 2100 flu-related deaths in this flu season with outpatient visits for influenza-like illnesses spiking from 3.9% to 5.1% for the week ending Dec. 21. And therein lies the lie – – – influenza-like illnesses (ILI). ILI is defined as fever (temperature of 100°F [37.8°C] or greater) and a cough and/or a sore throat without a known cause other than influenza. The Centers For Disease Control (CDC) is said to collect and disseminate data from the “The U.S. Outpatient Influenza-Like Illness surveillance Network,” a collaboration of CDC, state and local health departments. What is this influenza-like illness? Where does it come from? Are medicines prescribed to treat the flu the same drugs to treat influenza-like illness? Pay close attention when you read accurate reports about the flu. When you read about the flu or hear news broadcasts about flu outbreaks, you are really seeing and hearing about ILI. Other infectious diseases mimic the flu MedScape reports 20-40% of influenza-like illness is caused by other respiratory tract viruses, particularly adenovirus or respiratory syncytial virus. The latter often causes a less intense fever and bronchitis, a symptom that is difficult to distinguish from the flu. Flu vaccines protect against strains of influenza virus, not other viruses. That means, if you opt for vaccination based upon symptoms, 20-40% of the time you have nothing to gain. The following chart provides a list of bacterial, viral and fungal infections that cause flu-like symptoms. Symptoms of the flu, influenza-like infections and side effects of anti-inflammatory/TNF-inhibitor drugs are much the same, making it difficult to discern one from the other. TNF-blocking drugs and the flu There are a lot more reasons why unwary patients may end up with flu-like symptoms. One of the most prominent is TNF-inhibiting drugs used to treat pain and suffering from autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, eye inflammation (uveitis), multiple sclerosis. Rheumatoid arthritis patients are at increased risk of infection even in the absence of immunosuppressive TNF-inhibiting drugs. Given that TNF blockers produce symptoms that are similar to the flu, it is obvious that users of these immune-compromising drugs may be included in annual flu data and may comprise a sub-population at greater risk for hospitalization and death. Hundreds of thousands of patients are prescribed TNF inhibitors. TNF stands for tumor necrosis (“death”) factor. TNF is a component of the immune system. Infection with influenza virus induces expression of TNF-α in lung epithelial cells and TNF-α exerts powerful anti-influenza virus activity. However, TNF inhibitors can work too strongly and over-inhibit immunity. TNF drugs are known to actually increase risk for infectious disease including seasonal influenza (see chart below). Current expert opinion is that patients on any immune-suppression drugs are at increased risk for influenza. Therefore, doctors recommend patients with autoimmune disease update all their vaccinations prior to initiation of anti-TNF drugs. But the flu vaccine must be administered annually. And TNF-inhibitor drug users need to get booster shots of the flu vaccine because the first round of the flu shot may not produce sufficient antibodies. TNF-drug users may be on a tightrope. Infectious disease experts note that 71 healthy adults need to be vaccine to prevent 1 case of influenza. That represents a 1.4% reduced risk for the flu. Therefore, the chance that you will avoid the flu by getting vaccinated is nil (see chart below). MD JD Thomas E Levy Best Price: $9.85 Buy New $18.89 (as of 03:45 EST - Details) The rate of influenza infection in non-vaccinated individuals who take TNF-inhibiting drugs is 14.4%, reduced to 4.5% with flu vaccination prior to anti-TNF drug delivery. The science appears to warrant pre-vaccination of all patients receiving TNF-inhibiting drugs. In a report published in Arthritis Research & Therapy experts say: “Infections are most probably even more dangerous for patients under TNF blockade. The answer, therefore, is certainly not to leave vaccinations out, but to vaccinate more often, more consistently, and everybody with a rheumatic disease.” But this increases risk for side effects including flu infection itself. These numbers are only applicable when one anti-TNF drug is used. About a third of patients on anti-TNF drugs respond poorly and are candidates for a 2nd drug. Approximately half of the normal antibody levels are maintained one month after dual anti-TNF-blocking drugs are employed. Over-inhibition of TNF may place patients at risk for infection (namely tuberculosis and the flu). The recommendation is that patients with autoimmune disorders get vaccinated prior to initial anti-TNF treatment. However, there is a general warning for patients taking immune-suppressant drugs like anti-TNF inhibitors to avoid live attenuated vaccines (measles, MMR, polio, varicella/whooping cough, yellow fever, varicella-zoster and the live nasal instilled FluMist). The Immunization Action Coalition recommends patients with auto-immune diseases or who take immune inhibiting drugs be given inactivated vaccines and “should not be given ‘live’ vaccines.” Of note, nasally-instilled FluMist has been re-introduced for use in 2018. Senior adults comprise ~60% of patients hospitalized for the flu and 85% of flu deaths. This is especially important because vaccination against pneumonia does not result in reduce risk of death or hospitalization. Serious side effects and hospitalization from vaccination may result while the immune response is actually reduced due to use of anti-TNF drugs. This is highly possible because unwary patients may get vaccinated for the flu at local drug stores, bypassing medical risk assessment. It may not be fully recognized that TNF itself helps to prevent infection and death, but in high doses over-inhibit the immune response to the point of death, which has been shown in the animal lab. The following chart helps to understand the reduced risk for the flu produced by flu vaccination. The flu shot reduces risk in the healthy population from 2 to 1 in 100. Among individuals who take anti-TNF drugs, 14 will develop influenza and if they are pre-vaccinated prior to starting anti-TNF drugs the risk is reduced from 14 to 4. Source: Annals of Rheumatic Diseases, 2019 Other TNF-inhibiting factors There are natural TNF-inhibitors in foods, dietary supplements and Rx hormones. For example, polyphenols provided naturally from spices, grapes, berries, olives, or as dietary supplements (resveratrol, turmeric/curcumin, catechins/green tea, quercetin) are potent TNF inhibitors. Mega-doses of these natural TNF-inhibitors, which are much milder than TNF-blocking drugs, theoretically may combine with the drugs to worsen symptoms and increase risk for hospitalization and even death. No dietary supplements alone have been linked with influenza-like hospitalizations or deaths. It is the combination of TNF-blocking drugs with mega-dose natural anti-TNF supplements that is of concern. It should also be noted that cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy are immune-compromised and flu-like symptoms may result. Again, hospitalizations or deaths associated with TNF-blocking drugs and other anti-TNF agents may covertly contribute to the morbidity and mortality attributed to the flu. Analysis of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pharmacovigilance data reveals 714 cases of influenza reported in association with anti-TNF therapy in the 5-year period ending in 2008, including 7 deaths [FDA, 2009]. But the real numbers of cases and deaths are likely to be much higher. Rise of autoimmune disorders An unsettling concern is that autoimmune disorders are rising in the population at large. Between 2001 and 2009 the incidence of Type I autoimmune diabetes is reported to have increased by 23%. Other autoimmune diseases are also on the rise. One of the origins of autoimmune disease is believed to be molecular mimicry, that is, synthetic vaccines that utilize snippets of viruses that are structurally similar to microorganisms that cause infectious diseases may plausibly result in autoimmunity. Some vaccines are associated with autoimmune conditions. Autoimmune reactions to vaccines have been reported since the inception of vaccination programs. For example, clusters of paralyzing Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) are associated with flu vaccination (SM Journal Vaccine Research 2015). A 7.6-fold increased risk for GBS was revealed following 35 million flu vaccinations in 1976 which caused the National Influenza Immunization Program to be suspended in that year. (Note: for unknown reasons the journal cited above that reports this link between vaccination and autoimmunity cannot be accessed via the National Library of Medicine PubMed site. Nor can it be accessed via Google.). Vaccine makers have a dandy business going, fostering the need for more and more vaccines and inoculations. How many real cases of the flu? So exactly how many real cases of influenza infection (not influenza-like infection) occur during a typical flu season? In 2018 The Epoch Times published a chilling report entitled “How The CDC Uses Fear To Increase Demand For Flu Vaccines.” In that report, data from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine researcher Peter Doshi was presented. Here is Doshi’s conclusive answer as to how many flu-confirmed deaths actually occur: Setting aside pneumonia and looking just at influenza-associated deaths from 1979 to 2002, the annual average according to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) data was only 1,348. Illustrating the problem, Doshi observed that for the year 2001, the total number of reported pneumonia and influenza deaths was 62,034. Yet, of those, less than one half of one percent were attributed to influenza. Furthermore, of the mere 257 cases blamed on the flu, only 7 percent were laboratory confirmed. That’s only 18 cases of lab confirmed influenza out of 62,034 pneumonia and influenza deaths—or just 0.03 percent, according to the CDC’s own National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). As a health journalist, the most common question I am asked is whether to get a flu shot or not. I hope this report authoritatively answers that question. If you still don’t understand all this medical terminology, the bottom-line answer is don’t get duped by the flu propaganda. The chances of you avoiding the flu are nil and the chance of developing a life-long autoimmune disorder is real. Most of my friends and acquaintances who opted to get a flu shot got sick and were bedridden for a couple of days. Supplemental vitamin D, C and zinc lozenges (preferably zinc acetate) may be helpful in the flu season. Taking 50,000 units of vitamin D per day in a single dose (not an overdose) often rapidly halts a runny-nose cold. Colds and flu occur in winter when sunshine vitamin D levels are low. Once flu symptoms arise, resveratrol pills may halt viral replication altogether.

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healthtimetaylor · 4 years

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The case reported describes a partial recurrent oculomotor palsy associated with systemic symptoms following MMR vaccination in a healthy young child.

PMID: Ital J Pediatr. 2010 Sep 10 ;36:59. Epub 2010 Sep 10. PMID: 20831779 Abstract Title: Partial third nerve palsy after Measles Mumps Rubella vaccination. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccination is known to cause some serious adverse events, such as fever, rash, gland inflammation and neurologic disorders. These include third and sixth cranial nerve palsies.RESULTS: The case reported describes a partial recurrent oculomotor palsy associated with systemic symptoms following MMR vaccination in a healthy young child. The oculomotor palsy did not recover completely during the follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: Most of the times, measles, mumps and rubella cause mild illness and discomfort; but can also have serious or fatal sequelae. MMR vaccination has been proved to be safe and to reduce significantly the number of reported infections due to these viruses. However, significant adverse events can occur and paediatricians and public health operators should be aware of this aspect.

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kristinsimmons · 5 years

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Everyone Has a Part to Play in Ending Vaccine Hesitancy

Felicia D. Goodrum Sterling

Heidi L. Pottinger

By FELICIA D. GOODRUM STERLING, PhD and HEIDI L. POTTINGER, DrPH, MPH, MA

The measles outbreak in Washington state this week has brought new attention to the anti-vaccine movement. In fact, the World Health Organization recently identified “vaccine hesitancy” as one of top threats to global health. In the US, the number of unvaccinated children has quadrupled since 2001, enabling the resurgence of infectious diseases long-since controlled. In fact, the WHO claims a staggering 1.5 million deaths could be prevented worldwide by improved vaccination rates.

Amidst the media and public health outcry, a mystery persists: Why has vaccine hesitancy continued, despite years of vigorous debunking of shoddy science? The answer may lie in a deeply-rooted distrust of doctors and science.

One of the authors of this article, Dr. Pottinger, surveyed hundreds of Arizona parents, from schools with exemption rates greater than 10%, about their perceptions on vaccines. Pottinger and colleagues found the vast majority of the parents surveyed who delayed or chose not to vaccinate their children did so because of true personal beliefs and not convenience. Specifically, they tended to distrust physicians and information about vaccines or held misperceptions about health and disease, including the idea that immunity by natural infection is more effective or that vaccine-preventable diseases are not severe.

These beliefs, stoked by a fraudulent 2010 study, have proven almost impossible to shake—despite the fact that the debunked study, based on 12 children, was retracted due to serious ethical violations and scientific misrepresentation; authors cherry-picked and fabricated data, and the first author had undisclosed business interests in the vaccine industry.

The failure of many interventions to dispel misinformation demonstrates the power of a complex interaction of confirmation bias, cognitive dissonance, distrust in data sources, and personal experiences and narratives. Taking them on requires that the healthcare community effectively spread the following messages.

Vaccine-preventable diseases are serious and life-threatening.

Before the first measles vaccine was introduced in 1963, 6,000 measles-related deaths were reported annually in the US. Furthermore, the vaccine protects against a rare but fatal degenerative disease (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) that can occur 7-10 years after having measles. The incidence of measles fell precipitously after the vaccine was introduced and by 2000, was declared eliminated from the US. This is just one example. Currently, vaccines protect children against 14 different diseases that most people in the US can hardly remember.

“Natural” immunity from infection is not a solution

Natural infection carries a much greater risk than approved vaccines. Chicken pox is often considered a benign childhood infection; however, tens of thousands of people were hospitalized every year and hundreds of people died prior to the release of the chicken pox vaccine in 1995. Further, contracting chicken pox as a child creates the risk for shingles or zoster as an older adult. Flu, too, is often accepted as a normal part of winter, but in 2018, 900,000 hospitalizations and 80,000 deaths were attributed to influenza. The re-emergence of measles results in preventable illness and death even years after infection. Vaccines are more targeted – with immune loads just a fraction of those used decades ago. In fact, the antigen and adjuvant load in vaccines does not compare to what children encounter naturally every day.

Vaccines are effective

The measles vaccination program effectively eliminated measles from the U.S. Yet, vaccine hesitancy has allowed the re-emergence of measles and less protection against infections that are ever present. Less than half the population gets flu shots, but we know that it reduces risk by as much as 60 percent in the overall population. Vaccine rates for human papilloma virus (HPV) are similarly low, despite the fact that vaccination could eliminate cervical cancer altogether if widely utilized.

Vaccines are safe and do not cause autism

While vaccines do carry a small risk of side effects—generally non-threatening inflammatory or allergic responses—vaccination is uneventful for the vast majority and clinical trials have shown these risks are far outweighed by the benefits. Millions have been safely vaccinated with the measles or MMR vaccine since the 1960s. Scores of subsequent rigorous, scientific studies conducted worldwide have definitively shown no causative link between vaccines and autism. Even the Chief Scientific Officer for Autism Speaks urges that “all children be fully vaccinated” – their facts and figures page clearly stating “Vaccines do not cause autism”.

Vaccines are more important than ever

With the widespread movement of people between countries and continents, vaccination is more important than ever, to protect vulnerable, unimmunized populations including immunocompromised individuals, infants, pregnant women, and the elderly – and to prevent outbreaks.

You have a role in ending vaccine hesitancy

With anti-vaccination misinformation so deeply entrenched, we cannot leave it only to health professionals to promote vaccines. The first and most important thing you can do is vaccinate yourself and your children. Protect newborns or immune-compromised persons in your care from coming into contact with unvaccinated individuals. If your provider forgets to offer the flu (or any) vaccine, especially if you are pregnant – ask for it.

You can also help share the truth about vaccines. If you encounter vaccine-hesitant individuals, listen respectfully and share the scientific consensus on immunization. Rather than dismissing their concerns, try to acknowledge them and connect them with information and stories they may find persuasive to effectively communicate your concerns. Lastly, remind your friends and neighbors we are all in this together, and must each do our part to reach immunity thresholds that keep vaccine-preventable diseases under control, and stop diseases from impacting the most vulnerable in our communities.

Dr. Felicia Goodrum Sterling is a professor and scientist at the University of Arizona who has studied viruses for 27 years. Dr. Heidi L. Pottinger is a public health researcher at the University of Arizona who has studied vaccinology, vaccine exemption, and topics related to children with special health care needs for 16 years. Both are Fellows of The OpEd Project.

Everyone Has a Part to Play in Ending Vaccine Hesitancy published first on https://wittooth.tumblr.com/

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isaacscrawford · 5 years

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Everyone Has a Part to Play in Ending Vaccine Hesitancy

Felicia D. Goodrum Sterling

Heidi L. Pottinger

By FELICIA D. GOODRUM STERLING, PhD and HEIDI L. POTTINGER, DrPH, MPH, MA

Vaccine-preventable diseases are serious and life-threatening.

“Natural” immunity from infection is not a solution

Vaccines are effective

Vaccines are safe and do not cause autism

Vaccines are more important than ever

You have a role in ending vaccine hesitancy

Article source:The Health Care Blog

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