#Note Counting Machine Cost in Mumbai

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Public sanitation: Design interventions lead the change

A 2017 report by the WHO found while 74% of the world’s population used at least a basic sanitation service, approximately 2 billion still did not have access to basic sanitation facilities like toilets and latrines – a rather shocking statistic when weighed against the amount of progress you see in the world today. Another highly disconcerting statistic on the subject is from a UNICEF blog, which noted 673 million people still defecate in the open, for example, in street gutters, behind bushes, or open water bodies.

Most urban millennials are unaware of the actual impact human waste and its incorrect disposal has on life across the planet. But trips around the country highlight the glaring shortcomings of India’s public sanitation system and every successive government’s inability to stick to its pre-electoral promises of improvement on that count. Of course, there has been improvement, but the pace at which we are changing isn’t still satisfactory.

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In 1999, the Indian government introduced the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) to accelerate sanitation coverage throughout the country, particularly in rural areas. It focused on information and education to generate public demand for sanitation facilities, particularly in schools. The TSC made some progress, but it suffered from its relatively low priority and ineffective deployment of resources. Renamed Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in 2014, the GOI, armed with a barrage of shocking statistics and a revised mandate, took up the cause with renewed vigour, putting a significant dent in the widespread problem of sanitation.

Where to draw inspiration from?

Japan’s spotless, pop-anime, Kawaii-cute, tech-driven toilets are the stuff of legend, with tourists excitedly using them for that perfect Instagram moment. In fact, the country gained global media attention for its Tokyo Toilet project. Who’d think a public urinal would make for a perfect photo-op?

Switzerland is one of the world’s favourite tourist destinations, has toilets so clean that you can lie down in them. In Paris, the City of Light: a monolithic domed structure stood with a few scattered people standing in a queue in the middle of a Parisian cobble-stoned street. A sliding door whooshed open, revealing a clean albeit soaking wet toilet inside. Pictorial instructions outside the loo read: Post a single use, the entire toilet is sealed and sanitized, and only then access is granted to the next person.

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All this was planned and executed before the pandemic took over the world. Also, it is free. It is definitely impressive but is this a viable option for a country like India with its large populace and disparate economic structure?

Modern problems need modern solutions. I spoke to Rohan Chavan, principal architect at RC Architects and the mind behind Lightbox, a one-of-kind public urinal for women with space for social gatherings. Rohan engages with projects and issues related to public and community sanitation, urban design, affordable and low-cost housing, single-family houses, space design, and institutions. His signature approach to design created the Lightbox. This public urinal redefines the concept of ‘restroom’, taking it beyond just being a public toilet and creating a unique, visually attractive space that caters to the peri-urban female population living in and around the Thane region in Maharashtra (India).

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Over a short phone interview, Rohan spoke of how, as a designer, he took the initiative to design the Lightbox when Agasti, a social enterprise working in urban sanitation in Mumbai, floated a brief.

Wanting to create something to take to the municipal corporations to add to public sanitation infrastructure, in the hopes that it would be a departure from the largely unappealing ones that already existed, Chavan structured his design around a tree, aware that paucity of space in an urban setting was likely and he would have to work with what he was offered. His design was just as adaptable to smaller or larger spaces and could be tweaked to fit different venues.

Also Read | Bright whites, chrome yellows, and curved geometry put together a space that promotes life

Lightbox is covered under the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals at #5 – Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Built around a large tree, the 10’ x 30’ restroom features two urinal blocks each at both ends, with a standard washbasin, a nursing room and a toilet for handicapped or senior citizens. The centre of the restroom was a garden measuring 15’ x 10’ that was meant for various activities like a place to rest, a free gallery to display art for amateur artists, a place for lectures and awareness campaigns, celebrating festivals, seasonal activities and events.

The central garden was a metaphor for spaces where people can sit and relax under a tree in the shade and socialize. The restroom with toilet blocks was fitted with a biodigester to reduce freshwater use and improved waste management. It also included a nursing room and amenities like sanitary pads vending machine and incinerator, CCTV cameras, mobile charging points, and a panic alarm system.

Rohan’s efficient use of modern materials resulted in natural light in the restroom, eased the process to keep the toilets clean and ensured high durability and construction within a specific budget. Rohan, however, is quick to point out that the design can be customized to fit a variety of sizes and use different materials, thus making it more sustainable.

Chavan recounted an instance when policemen at the police station across the street from Lightbox were so taken with the concept that they eagerly inquired about why there were no such facilities for men. He was also excited about the amateur artist showcase within the restroom, an unusual venue for an art show but an important one to highlight the accessibility of art and the opportunity to incorporate culture into everyday life.

While Lightbox sees social interaction as the key to the solution, LooCafe wants to hit the root cause of why public sanitation projects fail: Lack of safety, technology, and revenue-generating opportunity.

Also Read | An Ambitious and Thoughtful Vision for Montreal’s Largest Insular Park

With over 450 locations to its name, LooCafe, the brainchild of Abhishek Nath, MD & CEO, Ixora FM, is all set to expand across Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Karnataka. The concept is a simple tuck shop with a public urinal attached, sizes ranging from 4x8 ft, 20x8ft and 40x8ft, made of a shipping container or pre-fabricated materials to maintain long-term cost-effectiveness – basically a study in upcycling. And the brand is constantly learning, adjusting its designs and making changes where necessary. A cafe is attached to the front to add a layer of revenue generation opportunity. The attractive facades and cosy, clean interiors are home to thoroughly cleaned and disabled-friendly washrooms which use several sensors and technology to make them sustainable, clean and trustworthy.

With an increase in road trips during the pandemic and transportation of goods and personnel across state lines, initiatives like LooCafe are a viable business model and encourage safe sanitation practices, thereby slowly but surely transforming the nation’s response to public sanitation.

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The societal impact of projects like Lightbox and initiatives like LooCafe was clearly visible. Such unique design interventions represent a burgeoning design collective bent on creating distinctive architectural and spatial perspectives. Some of these are initiatives that governments and municipal corporations across the country must take advantage of and be utilized by the public.

Yes, there have been concentrated moves to build a network of public urinals, with their glossy tiled facades promising better facilities and clean services to its users. But inside, in barely-lit caverns of fetid water, lie disease and stench and the hopelessness of an impoverished citizenry in desperate need of what others might constitute as a fundamental human right.

Also Read | Public sanitation: Design interventions lead the change

However, hope now lies in the hands of a few thoughtful individuals contributing ideas and government bodies prioritizing public sanitation in their regular mandates and worldwide recognition of an endemic issue deeply rooted in neglect.

The article is part of a series of blogs by the writer on public sanitation and design interventions experienced during her travel around India and the world. Views expressed are of author.

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10 Leading Courses & Training Programmes For Cloud Computing In India: 2019

Cloud computing is the future of every organisation. The technology offers a solution which helps organisations in managing data, without the problem of a mandatory physical presence. It provides a combination of hardware and software hosted on the internet to store, manage, and process our data. Few of the industry tech giants involved in the cloud computing industry are — Amazon, Google, IBM, and Microsoft, however, there are now several startups who are providing seamless cloud computing services.  To make oneself acquainted with this advanced technology and its trends, one must learn this sector through various online or offline cloud computing courses and training. Surviving in this cloud era demands special skills that businesses are struggling to fulfil in existing or new job roles. This article discusses the top 10 cloud computing certification courses for IT professionals. Please note that this is not a ranking. Jigsaw Academy in association with Manipal Academy of Higher Education Jigsaw Academy is a professional learning platform, which empowers individuals to master new skills and achieve their career goals by pursuing industry-relevant courses. It operates as a part of Manipal Education which has been a global provider of top-quality higher education for the last six decades. This professional certification course aims at redefining the learning experience for both students and professionals. MaGE has also partnered with several banks and IT sector companies to train and up-skill their workforce. The self-assessment quizzes at the end of each course are designed to help in gauging the readiness of the subject before taking the final exam to clear the certification. Flagship Cloud Computing program: PG Certificate Program in Cloud Computing Duration of The Program: 6 months Cost of the program: ₹ 88,500 Cities of Operation: Bangalore Course content and USP of the program: The PG Certificate Program in Cloud Computing is an innovative program which is designed to provide all the requisite skills to help one seek a relevant career in cloud computing. This is a 6-month online course. Currently, this is the only program in the industry to give a lab experience for every task performed on cloud platforms.  The program aims at becoming the industry's most comprehensive cloud certification program and comprises of 300+ hours of online learning including 70+ hours of live online lectures on weekends by industry experts. Taught using the official courseware of AWS Educate, this course help learners build a strong foundation on Cloud Essentials, Cloud Foundry, Google Cloud, OpenStack, and specialise on AWS. It also helps students to gain in the confidence to qualify multiple certifications such as AWS Solution Architect, Associate/AWS Developer, Associate/AWS Certified Sysops Administrator. Great Learning Great Learning is an ed-tech company which offers programs in the career of critical competencies such as analytics, data science, big data, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, DevOps, and full-stack development. These programs are fairly popular among professionals who aim to build competencies in these emerging areas to secure and grow their careers. The company focuses on creating industry-relevant programs and crafting learning experiences that help candidates in learning, applying and demonstrating capabilities in areas that are driving the future. Flagship Cloud Computing program: Post Graduate Program in Cloud Computing Duration of The Program: 6 months Cost of The Program: ₹ 1,25,000 + GST Cities of Operation: Online Course Content And USP Of The Program: PGP CC (Post Graduate Program in Cloud Computing) is designed to provide the candidates with a hands-on experience of the industry. The course covers all the core cloud technologies like containers, microservices, cloud security, DevOps, cloud architecture, migration, deployment etc. which are taught on AWS, Azure and Google Cloud platforms. This approach helps amateur IT professionals gain a solid foundation and those with some experience to get a more structured and nuanced understanding of Cloud.  The candidates also get an opportunity to learn from and engage with veteran industry professionals working in the domain with giants like Dell, Microsoft, Adobe etc. The learnings are not just limited to the course work but they also provide mentorship and career guidance to the students to help prepare them for things like interviews. The course is further enhanced during group projects and classroom interactions with experienced peers having 8+ years of work experience on average. Simplilearn Established in 2010, Simplilearn enables professionals and enterprises to succeed in the fast-changing digital economy. The company provides outcome-based online training across digital technologies and applications such as big data, machine learning, AI, cloud computing, cybersecurity, digital marketing, and other emerging technologies. Operating from San Francisco, California and Bangalore, India, this training provider has helped more than one million professionals and 1,000 companies across 150 countries in their trained, acquiring certifications to reaching their businesses and career goals.  Flagship Cloud Computing program: Cloud Architect  Duration of The Program: 352 hours (Live virtual classes with self-paced learning) Cost of the program: ₹ 44,999 Cities of Operation: Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune, Mumbai, Gurgaon, Noida, 1 in Singapore, and 2 in the US. Course content and USP of the program: The Cloud Architect program is designed to turn learners into an expert in cloud applications and architecture. This course will enable the candidates to master the core skill sets required for designing and deploying dynamically scalable, highly available, fault-tolerant, and reliable applications on two of the top Cloud platform providers — Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure. The program will also give an in-depth understanding of cloud services such as AWS Cloud formation, Azure resource manager, EC2, S3, Route53, VPC, Azure App Services and more. Overall, the learner will acquire the knowledge and skills for passing cloud architect and developer certifications and will be able to apply for any of the widely recognised cloud-related roles, whether be it, cloud architect, cloud developer or cloud engineer. Coursera Founded in 2012 by two Stanford computer science professors, Coursera has the vision to provide anyone, anywhere with access to the world’s best education. Professors Daphne Koller and Andrew Ng have put their courses online for anyone to take. It has taught more learners in a few months than they could over an entire lifetime in the classroom. Currently, Coursera has expanded to reach more than 40 million people and 1,900 businesses around the world. On Coursera you can find online courses, specialisations, certificates and degrees from 190+ world-class universities and companies, including Yale, University of Pennsylvania, Google, IBM, and more. Flagship Cloud Computing Program: Google Cloud Platform Fundamentals: Core Infrastructure Cost of the program: Free enrolment Cities of operation: Online Course content and USP of the program: This course introduces IT professionals to important concepts and terminology required to work for the Google Cloud Platform (GCP). It teaches about several computing and storage services available in Google Cloud Platform — including Google App Engine, Google Compute Engine, Google Kubernetes Engine, Google Cloud Storage, Google Cloud SQL, and BigQuery, and also talks about the comparison between them. Students can also learn about important resources and policy management tools, such as the Google Cloud Resource Manager hierarchy and Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. It also offers hands-on experience in labs, which provides foundational skills for working with GCP. This course can be applied to multiple specialisations or professional certificates programs. Completing this course will count towards the learning in any of the following programs: Developing Applications with Google Cloud Platform SpecialisationArchitecting with Google Kubernetes Engine SpecialisationCloud Engineering with GCP Professional CertificateArchitecting with Google Compute Engine SpecialisationCloud Architecture with GCP Professional CertificateNetworking in Google Cloud Platform SpecialisationSecurity in Google Cloud Platform Specialisation Udacity Began as an experiment in online learning, Udacity is formed by Stanford instructors Sebastian Thrun and Peter Norvig. Their course — “Introduction to Artificial Intelligence” course is available online to anyone, for free, with over 160,000 students already enrolled in more than 190 countries. With a mission to democratise education, the company aims at providing education on a global scale. Udacity believes that it would take several years of intensive iteration and experimentation to clarify the real focus on career advancement through mastery of in-demand skills, and that’s why it offers aspiring learners across the globe the opportunity to participate in, and contribute to, some of the most exciting and innovative fields in the world. Flagship Cloud Computing Program: Nanodegree program to become a Cloud Developer Cost of the program: ₹ 22,299 per month Cities of operation: Online Course content and USP of the program: The course starts by teaching the fundamentals of cloud development and the process of deploying AWS. It also includes building different apps, leveraging microservices, Kubernetes clusters, and serverless application technology. The key ingredients of the course are: Cloud FoundationsFull Stack Apps on AWSMonolith to Microservices ScaleDevelopment and deployment of a serverless app Spring People Founded in 2009 by IIT alumni, SpringPeople is an enterprise IT training provider with 500+ courses and 750+ clients. The company provides training programs in emerging and niche technologies like machine learning, AI, DevOps and big data, aiming at helping IT enterprises with their most challenging training needs. The training programs offered by SpringPeople, are powered by LnDCloud, an enterprise training platform, providing enterprise reporting, detailed analytics, customisable workflows, and a fully automated end-to-end training orchestration. The strong growth of the company is being driven by the leadership team with several years of delivery management experience clubbed with a highly-experienced, process-driven, dedicated team focused on customer success and trainer engagement. Flagship Cloud Computing program: Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for Developers Training Duration of The Program: Classroom - 3 days and Live Online Training - 18 hours Cost of the program: ₹ 19,995 Cities of Operation: Bangalore, Delhi NCR, Gurgaon and UK Course content and USP of the program: The GCP training course covers the fundamentals of Google Cloud Platform and its specialisations. This course introduces professionals to important concepts and terminology for working with the platform. The course further makes the professional learn and compare, many of the computing and storage services available in Google Cloud Platform, including Google App Engine, Google Compute Engine, and Google Container Engine, which prepares you for the Google Cloud Certification. The course comprises of several topics, which includes: Best practices for application development, Google Cloud client libraries, Google Cloud SDK, Google Firebase SDK, and an overview of data storage optionsBest practices for using google cloud datastore and performing operations on Buckets and Objects; best practices for using Google Cloud storage, handling authentication and authorisationUsing Google Cloud pub/sub to integrate components of the application, adding intelligence to the applicationUsing Google Cloud Functions for event-driven Processing, managing APIs with Google Cloud endpoints, and deploying an application by using Google Cloud Cloud Build, Google Cloud Container RegistryExecution environments for the application and debugging, monitoring, and tuning performance by using Google Stackdriver The program is taught by industry veterans with years of experience in the field. With hands-on training using Cloudlabs, participants master the application development through Google Cloud Platform and also learn how to use GCP services and pre-trained machine learning APIs to build secure, scalable, and intelligent cloud-native applications. Real-time code analysis and feedback is also a distinguishing feature of this program.  Edureka A global e-learning platform, Edureka provides live instructor-led training in trending technologies such as AI, data science, big data, cloud computing, blockchain, and cybersecurity. The company offers short term courses, which are supported by online resources, along with 24x7 lifetime support. Edureka has an unwavering commitment to helping working professionals keep up with evolving technologies.  Flagship Cloud Computing program: AWS Architect Certification Training Duration of The Program: 15 days for the weekday batch and 5 weeks for the weekend batch Cost of the program: ₹ 19,995 Cities of Operation: Online Course content and USP of the program: AWS Certification Training from Edureka is specifically designed to provide in-depth knowledge about the AWS architectural principles and its services. The program will be conducted by industry practitioners, who will train the students to leverage AWS services to make the AWS infrastructure scalable, reliable, and highly available. This training is completely aligned to the AWS Certified Solutions Architect (CSA) Exam.  With Edureka's instructor-led sessions, one will be able to effectively deploy secure and robust applications on AWS. The course will help you identify the appropriate AWS service based on data, computation, or security requirements, and provides hands-on experience in signing-up for AWS free-tier account, creating an S3 bucket through Console and AWS CLI, and launch an EC2 instance. This certification training is designed for IT professionals who want to pursue a career in cloud computing and become an AWS Certified Solutions Architect.  edX edX is a non-profit e-learning platform founded by MIT and Harvard, which collates thousands of online courses across the globe for in-demand skills and technologies such as AI, ML, data science, digital marketing, business and management, project management, cybersecurity, and cloud computing from 140+ top ranking institutes of the world — Oxford, Columbia, Berkeley. The platform also offers a free audit option, and low cost affordable online certifications.  So far, approximately 21 million students and working professionals have been able to advance their career with these online courses. As a global nonprofit organisation, edX is transforming traditional education, removing all barriers of cost, location and accessibility. Fulfilling the demand for people to learn on their own terms, it is also reimagining the possibilities of education, providing stackable learning experiences including the groundbreaking MicroMasters programs. edX delivers courses for curious minds on topics ranging from data and computer science to leadership and communications. Flagship Cloud Computing program: Computer Science for Business Professionals Duration of The Program: 6 weeks Cost of the program: Audit for free; Certificate for ₹ 6500 Cities of Operation: Global Course content and USP of the program: This Computer Science course is designed by the Harvard University for business professionals. The course is designed for managers, product managers, founders, and decision-makers more generally. Whereas CS50 itself takes a bottom-up approach, it critically emphasises in mastering low-level concepts and implementation details, whereas, this course takes a top-down approach, emphasising mastery of high-level concepts and design decisions. Through lectures on computational thinking, programming languages, internet technologies, web development, technology stacks, and cloud computing, this course empowers the professionals to make technological decisions. People emerging out of this course always holds a first-hand appreciation of all the workings. The key ingredients of the course are: Computational thinkingProgramming languagesInternet technologiesWeb developmentTechnology stacksCloud computing Inventateq Inventateq is a software training company engaged in the business of providing job training for all types of IT courses, which are used in the real world industry environment. The company partner with companies and individuals to address their unique needs by providing training and coaching, which will help the working professionals to achieve their career goals. It also offers training in disciplines such as cloud computing, DevOps, AWS, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, digital marketing, RPA tools, web development, big data Hadoop, and data science, where technologies and best practices are changing rapidly and the demand for qualified candidates are significantly increasing. Flagship Cloud Computing program: Introduction to Cloud Computing Duration of the program: 2 months Cost of the program: ₹ 15,000 Cities of Operation: Bangalore and Chennai Course content and USP of the program: With the course — Cloud Computing Training, IT professionals will learn the concept behind Cloud Computing and the different models of cloud computing, along with the key differentiators of different models. The course also introduces the students to the virtual world of AWS, along with AWS key vocabulary, services and concepts. Alongside, the biggest USP of this cloud computing course is providing the ability to quickly respond to demand spikes and teaching the way of hosting new business application faster without the need for an internal IT department. The mind share of the IT world is towards separating applications and services from the underlying infrastructure so that IT departments can be more flexible in supporting the business A unique and stand-out USP of Inventateq is the offer of a 100% guarantee of job placement. The company has got a collaboration with 500+ IT companies from the industry, that helps the trainees during their placement. Trainees at Inventateq are also provided with unlimited interview calls, till the time they are placed. Practical oriented domain-specific training is also provided to the enrollees, to suit the needs of the industry. CloudThat Established in 2012, CloudThat provides cloud training and consulting services for mid-market and enterprise clients across the globe. The company holds expertise in major cloud platforms including AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform. It is uniquely positioned to be a technology source for organisations looking to utilise the flexibility and power cloud computing provides. Additionally, it focuses on empowering IT professionals and organisations with leveraging cloud, big data and IoT. The company aims at delivering high-quality training and consulting services with best practices.  Flagship Cloud Computing program: All Access Learning Pass Duration of The Program: 1 year Cost of the program: ₹99,000 Cities of Operation: Bengaluru, Mumbai, USA, and the UK Course content and USP of the program: With the aim of achieving mastery in the field of cloud computing, All Access Learning Pass (AALP) is a way for IT professionals to master in cloud platforms and offerings. AALP is a pass to attend any of our courses for 1 year, and during this period, the student will have the freedom to choose courses from different technologies like AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, IoT, DevOps, blockchain, machine learning, big data, etc.  The course also flourishes people with multiple cloud skills, and skills on DevOps, big data, data science, etc. are needed. It also provides dedicated training coordinators for clearing any doubts and helping the students with their resume building and job placement assistance. Read the full article

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New world news from Time: Cricket Hero Imran Khan Set to Lead Pakistan as Rival Parties Cry Foul

When TIME sat down with Imran Khan last October, the cricketer-turned politician was adamant that he would only seek power through fair means. After all, he said, he’d turned down many offers in the past. In 1988, Military dictator General Zia-ul-Haq offered Khan a cabinet role. As did fellow strongman General Pervez Musharif in the 2000s.

“To get into power there are much easier ways [than winning an election],” Khan told TIME on the balcony of his home in Islamabad, as the Maghrib call to prayer fought through the roar of cicadas and snarl of feral dogs. “But I came into politics specifically because corruption destroys a country.”

It is thus unfortunate that Khan’s July 25 election as Pakistan’s likely next prime minister has been marred by allegations of exactly that, with Pakistan’s powerful military — which has ruled the nuclear-armed South Asian nation for more than half its history — accused of playing nefarious kingmaker. Khan claimed victory Thursday with his PTI party projected to win between 105 and 120 of the 272 contested seats, putting him in a clear lead though likely needing a coalition to reach an outright majority of 137.

In a televised address, Khan, 65, hailed the “cleanest election” in the 208 million-strong nation’s history. However, six other parties running all rejected the result long before the count had finished, citing “serious irregularities” such as the ejection of their observers. Some in the media have decried a “silent coup” by the generals, while one noted activist called it Pakistan’s “dirtiest election.”

That’s quite a statement. If politics anywhere is a dirty game, it’s a putrid sewer in Pakistan. Assassinations are common, including former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 2007, and, more recently, senior figures of Khan’s PTI. Wednesday’s vote was marred by bombings in the restive city of Quetta that claimed more than 30 lives. As many as 800,000 police and soldiers were deployed across 85,000 polling stations to oversee what promised to be only the second civilian-to-civilian handover of power in the nation’s history.

But alleged interference by the military — which backed Khan and loathed the political machine of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, who has been jailed for corruption — threatens to append an asterisk to that claim. Even before polling day, pro-Sharif media and activists had complained of strong-arm tactics by the establishment. “It is sheer rigging,” Shahbaz Sharif, who led the incumbent PML-N party on behalf of his brother, told reporters Thursday. “The way the people’s mandate has been insulted, it is intolerable.”

By any measure it was a divisive ballot. For any chance of victory, Khan needed to divide the support-base of Sharif, whose PML-N held a 13-point lead as early as May. Sharif has been sentenced to 10 years for corruption and banned from politics for life after Panama Papers leaks revealed he’d purchased lavish apartments in London through shell companies. Khan led that charge. But the PML-N remains strong in populous Punjab province owing to an entrenched patronage system and lingering feudal networks.

Aamir Qureshi—AFP/Getty Images Supporters of Shahbaz Sharif, the younger brother of former Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and head of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N), at a campaign meeting ahead of the election in Rawalpindi on July 23, 2018.

Khan sought to peel off Sharif supporters by courting the Islamist right, painting the U.S.- and India-friendly mogul as inadequately pious or patriotic. This also set the groundwork for a possible parliamentary coalition with radical fringe parties to form a government (though in the end the Islamic right made little headway on polling day.) Sharif went on the counter-offensive, accusing the military of abetting the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attack that claimed 166 lives. In an interview with Pakistani newspaper Dawn, he decried the nation’s “parallel governments.”

That isn’t news to Washington. Pakistan is a lynchpin in the 16-year-old war in Afghanistan as a key supply route and intelligence partner in the strategic nexus between Afghanistan, Iran, India, China and the Arabian Sea. But Pakistan’s fearsome intelligence services have long been suspected of protecting radical clerics who serve its strategic goals. And not just any radicals: 9/11 architect Osama bin Laden was killed in 2011 at his compound less half a mile from the elite Kakul Military Academy in Abbottabad, considered Pakistan’s West Point, where he had spent nearly six years. “We think that there had to be some sort of support network for bin Laden inside of Pakistan,” then U.S. President Barack Obama told CBS News shortly afterward.

Bilateral relations have grown more fractious since the election of U.S. President Donald Trump, who has withheld $2 billion in security aid to Pakistan, decrying the $33 billion in aid that, he tweeted in January, had been “foolishly” provided in the past in exchange for “nothing but lies & deceit.”

Meanwhile, Pakistan’s ties with rival superpower China have strengthened. The new $62 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor includes ports, pipelines, railway and power plants snaking through the country. Khan has been courted by China before; prior to the 2013 election, during which he polled in third place, he received a rare invitation to Beijing despite having no government position. “We want to learn from China how they brought 700 million people out of poverty,” Khan said in his victory speech.

Read more: Cricket Hero Imran Khan Led Pakistan’s Team to Victory. As a Politician, He’s Riding a Populist Wave

For Khan, Islamabad’s role in the U.S.-led war in Afghanistan has been an unmitigated disaster that has cost 70,000 Pakistani lives, enfeebled the domestic security situation and cost its struggling economy more than $100 billion. He has repeatedly advocated greater trade with Afghanistan, an end to a “one-sided” relationship with the U.S. and negotiations with the Taliban.

“I find it bizarre that anyone would just rely on a one-dimensional military strategy,” he told TIME. “The military should only be part of a political strategy.”

Khan’s own politics have hardened as his still handsome countenance has lined and leathered. His halcyon pomp may have been spent charming supermodels under the paparazzi glare of London’s sybaritic nightspots, but his recent campaign included an “electoral alliance” with radical Islamist Maulana Sami ul Haq, dubbed the “Father of the Taliban.” In January, a top PTI official shared a campaign rally stage with U.S.-sanctioned terrorist Abdul Rehman Makki, according to local media. In November, Khan backed anti-blasphemy riots that erupted across Pakistan in response to a draft new oath for lawmakers that omitted any mention of the Prophet Muhammad. Just this month, he launched a vociferous defense of Pakistan’s draconian blasphemy law.

Most galling has been his steadfast defense of the Pakistani Taliban, whose 2014 massacre at a school in the city of Peshawar — killing 149, including 132 schoolchildren — was a red line even for hardened Islamists. His detractors have propagated the snide nickname, “Taliban Khan.”

“Any party that uses violence should not be allowed,” Khan told TIME carefully. “But if you make an extreme party run it’s not a bad thing because you always move them into the center and towards moderation. It’s much better to assimilate people, integrate them, contest elections, bring them into the mainstream.”

But Khan’s attempts to “moderate” radicals are akin to playing with fire in the world’s ultimate radical tinderbox. In Khan’s eyes, only 5% of Taliban are true extremists, with the overwhelming majority simply reacting to American drone attacks, air strikes, night raids and other collateral damage. Others are just opportunist thugs who exploited the lawlessness of the borderlands to make a quick buck.

It’s a view that garners support. “In my village, the people who had nothing to do became Taliban,” Aamir Rassool, 28, a call center worker from Orakzai Agency in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, or FATA, by the Afghan border, told TIME late last year. “Seriously, they just grew their hair and beard and went to wealthy homes and demanded money. They were not Taliban, they were gangsters.”

Still, engagement with the group’s leadership legitimizes its message: one of stone age misogyny, ignorance and brutal oppression. And Khan’s contention that terrorist activity in Pakistan has decreased as American operations have wound down is specious. In fact, it’s only since a full Pakistani military offensive into previously Taliban-controlled FATA in mid-2014 that the security situation has truly improved. “And the offensive went against what Imran Khan for many years was calling for, which was peace talks and not the use of force,” says Michael Kugelman, the senior associate for South Asia at the Woodrow Wilson Center.

Khan is an unlikely radical apologist. The only boy of five children, he was born Oct. 5, 1952, to an affluent Pashtun family in the former colonial capital of Lahore. After school he studied Politics, Philosophy and Economics at Oxford University, and it was also in the U.K. that he first played cricket for Pakistan, aged 18. He retains superstar status for turning his nation into an international cricketing force, crowned by leading an unfancied team to its only Cricket World Cup victory in 1992.

“Sports teaches you to struggle, above everything, and you learn how to take the knocks,” says Khan. “When you win your feet stay on the ground, but when you lose you don’t get demoralized. You pick yourself up again.”

Athit Perawongmetha—Reuters Supporters of cricket star-turned-politician Imran Khan, chairman of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), wait outside his residence, a day after the general election in Islamabad, Pakistan, July 26, 2018.

Khan retired from cricket soon after that triumph. In 1994, he opened the Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital in Lahore in memory of his mother, who succumbed to the disease. It remains the largest cancer hospital serving Pakistan’s impoverished. Its quality of care and ruddy finances silenced doubters who scoffed such an ambitious project wasn’t feasible, boosting Khan’s administrative credentials. He founded his PTI political party two years later, though found detractors quick to take aim at his private life.

Khan’s first wife was British journalist and society heiress Jemima Khan, née Goldsmith, a close friend of Diana, Princess of Wales. She converted to Islam for their wedding, though the pair divorced in 2004 after nine years of marriage, and her family’s Jewish heritage was political dynamite in the world’s largest Islamic state. (The couple’s two sons live in London with their mother.) Khan’s second marriage to British-Pakistani journalist Reham Khan lasted only months in 2015. In February, he married Bushra Maneka, who acted as his “spiritual guide.”

Now Khan guides the nation. He will be keen to turn focus away from allegations of rigging toward fixing governance problems. Some 29.5% of Pakistanis wallow below the poverty line, according to its Ministry of Planning Development and Reforms, with literacy rates at just 58%. Pakistan’s current account gap has soared by almost 50% to $16 billion, while its trade deficit has reached $3.7 billion. The country’s external debt and liabilities stand at a six-year high of 31% of GDP. Khan’s first job will be to ask the IMF for another bailout — less than two years since its last one of $6.6 billion.

How will he take to government? Khan is no stranger to transformation: he’s the debonair playboy who grew devout; the humanist who stands with the bloodthirsty; the anti-graft campaigner who will now lead under a cloud. “Pakistan’s policies won’t be for the few rich people, it will be for the poor, for our women, for our minorities, whose rights are not respected,” Khan told the nation Thursday.

But with legal objections to his win looming, and unrest on the streets all too possible, Khan might be facing the toughest transformation of them all.

July 27, 2018 at 08:47AM ClusterAssets Inc., https://ClusterAssets.wordpress.com

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