#P. Kotov

[no-side-us]

Cover and Illustrations for The Invisible Man (Человек-невидимка), 2002

Cover by Vladislav Lesnikov (Владислав Лесников)

Internal Illustrations by P. Kotov (П. Котова)

Source 1 - Source 2

[pwlanier]

Color and Rhyme magazine. "Color and Rhyme". In English] . No. 47. New York: M.N. Publishing House Burlyuk, 1962. [8] p., il. 35.6×24 cm. In the publishing illustrated cover. In very good condition.

Since 1930, for decades, Burlyuk himself published the magazine "Color and Rhyme", partly in English, part in Russian, with a volume of 4 to 100 pages, with his paintings, poems, reviews, reproductions of futuristic works.

Provenance: from the collection of the poet Vladimir Petrovich Kotov (1928-1975).

Litfund

[cyberbenb]

Russian patrol vessel Sergey Kotov damaged in Ukrainian naval drone strike

A representative of the Ukrainian Navy, Dmytro Pletenchuk, has reported that a search and rescue operation was conducted by the Russians following the strike on their patrol vessel Sergey Kotov on the Source : www.uawire.org/russian-p…

[nevver]

The Cube, Arseniy Kotov

[sovietpostcards]

Art by P. Kotov (Soviet postcard, 1920s) 

[bangtanficrecs]

Lost & Found Batch #20

Can’t start up the blog again without posting the newest batch! As always, if you happen to know the fic the ask is looking for, reply to this post or send us an ask with the request number and title/author. If you happen to know any fics from Past Batches, those are more than welcome as well. Thank you!! ~ Admin P

                                                      --------------

1) Hi! I’m looking for a fic I read quite a while ago and if you can help me i’ll be forever grateful... it was about namjoon having powers and accidentally causing damage, so seokjin (who was a kind of a social worker assigned to him) sent him to live with yoongi as a way to make up for his “crime”. Yoongi was also magical and lived isolated from society. If I remember correctly hoseok was also guilty of something and sent to yoongi with namjoon. Sorry if it’s too vague, but that’s all I remember

2) Hi, I decided to give this a try though I think the fic may have been deleted because I just can't find the fic anymore. Basically its ot7 and the main character (Jungkook?) took the boys to meet his mom. The author had the boys super athletic, tall and in college;they were also from Texas. Jungkook sadly had to deal with homophobic classmates. It was a one shot I believe.

Hey, Momma by CaridwenAngetueur1

3) hi!! i’m trying to find a yoonmin fic i read a while ago, where yoongi lived in this small town and had an apothecary and jimin would come and sing in the town centre, and yoongi would give him something for his nerves before he’d go on stage. i remember jimin would glow and light would shoot out from him when he sung. it was a completed fic on ao3, i can’t seem to find it. thank you so much for your help!!

4) Hello! If you don’t mind helping me, im looking for a jikook fic i can’t seem to find again on ao3. Its a time travel, canon au where present day bts where in japan and Jungkook had went through a shrine? He ends up in the past with younger!bts and acts as like a cousin to Jungkook until they can figure out how to send him back. I remember there being a scene where younger!bts miss their flight to help older!jungkook get back to the future? If you need more details please let me know. Thank you!

5) Hello! I'm looking for a vmin fic where flowers literally grow on Tae and he's really insecure about it and gets depressed. It's super soft and fluffy and the entire thing is pretty much just Jimin taking care and comforting him. I'm pretty sure it's a one-shot and that they are the only two that are explicitly brought up. I love it so much and I hope that this isn't too vague.

6) hi idk if any of u can help me find this fic but imma try: its an au in which kids go disappearing often and i can only remember that one day taehyung is one of them and jungkook takes it up on himself to find him bc he firmly believes that he isnt dead yet. not sure bout this but i also think tae got kidnapped to get tested on? and seokjin is one of the doctors in that institution??? this fic is written by a fanboy as far as i can recall and had a reallyyyyyy hard to remember title sigh 😔

kotov syndrome by wormkun Note: The fic is locked and requires an AO3 account to view

7) Hey so I read this fic a while ago but no matter what i search, i can't seem to find it. Namjoon was a depressed ?college student? and he wrote songs that he only showed to his friend Jimin. He and Jimin go to a coffee shop where Yoongi works and yoongi keeps leaving notes to RM on Joon's coffee cups, but namjoon doesnt' know who RM is. I think it turns out Jimin had been posting Joons songs and yoongi recognized his voice and wanted to encourage him. NJ writes always and almost attempts suicide

8) Hello, I was wondering if you could help find this fanfic I've looking for forever. It's an ot7 relationship fic ( I think it's jimin centric). it was still not completed. The summary was something like taehyung asking jimin if he wanted to be in a relationship with them and jimin saying No. Because technically he already knew they were all in a relationship and he felt betrayed that he was left out for so long. There is something about a creepy sasaeng fan too. I would really appreciate it.

Last to Know by Meadow_Wanderer

9) Hi! Im looking for an au fic where Jungkook was depressed, and was with V who had anger problems bc of past child abuse. Jhope didn’t like Jungkook bc of something about his dark past involving his sister who I think was raped and died. I also remembered RM having a tattoo and being an ex member of a mafia group. He blew a gas station up, and Jin thought he died but he came back, and they had sex on the window. JK attempted suicide as well but Jin saved him. Thanks!!

10) I'm searching for a vminhope fanfic. It was I believe an A/B/O one. It was on aff. Hoseok was a berserker, Jimin was a beta and Tae was an omega.

11) Hi!!!!! I've been looking for this one fic forever. It's about jungkook who's an art student and jimin and taehyung are cops who look out for him. Jungkook talks a lot about suicide and he's a university art student. I think one of the art projects in the fic was a corpse painting with flowers. Jungkook also stole from a convenience store and when jimin and Rae caught up to him they noted he had a red beanie in his pocket. Thats all. Thank you!!!

12) There was this fic where Jungkook was lonely and lived alone in a hut on the woods, and he saw Jimin in a club took him to that hut and Jimin tried to run away but Injured his leg and had to stay. It's wip, and now i can't find it :( help please?

13) i'm having trouble finding a fanfic about taekook, where jungkook finds taehyung in a lake (or any body of water), and it turns out that he's from past times. he shows taehyung around present day, and taehyung at one point dresses up as a cowboy. jungkook gives taehyung's peepee the big succ, they get caught by the police, but they run away. from my memory, that's where it ends, or there may be more to it. even tags from ao3 to jog my memory will help.

14) I read this Taejin fanfic a while ago and now I can’t find it, all I know about it is that Taehyung was in some way abused and Jin brought him to his home, also that Jin had a twin brother, also it had many chapters, if you can find it I’ll be very grateful!!!

15) Hi! I read a yoomin fic in ao3 when I was new in the Fandom and I can't find it anywhere, I remember it being angst, mostly Yoongi's pov, it was set in the I need you era and Yoongi played the piano for jungkook's dance, I also remember Jimin struggled with eating disorders and alcoholism and that at some point they had a big fight when jimin came home drunk in a random cab d

16) Hi! I can't find a fic I read few years ago, so I was wondering if you could help)) It was Taehyung/Namjoon fic, and Namjoon hired him as his fake ex-boyfriend so that his friends (Hoseok and Jimin if I remember correctly) would stop asking him to go on dates or smth like that.

if it bleeds by wertstoffhof (roachprince)

17) Hello! I’m hoping you can help me find a fic, it’s a mental hospital one where all the members apart from jin and namjoon are in the mental hospital and another member (maybe jungkook) arrives and it turns out jin is making up their diagnosis because he thought they’d want to stay longer. If that’s too brief i can remember specific bits but i couldn’t find anything on your tags, thank you! Jin is a sort of like a therapist who looks after them and namjoon is like the manager of sorts i think

Seeking Heaven by fullofsuga

18) Hello, hope you're well! I was wondering if you could help me find a Jihope fic that I've been looking for forever! Jimin was friends with Taehyung and didn't know the rest of the boys until he was added into a group chat. I remember that Jimin worked in a shop that was broken in to, and that Taehyung didn't want Jimin and Hoseok to date? I think the chapter titles were all days of the week as well - thank you!!

19) Hey do you know the name of this historic au fic where Yoongi is a chaebol and I think he buys Jungkook from his abusive dad to be his servant? I remember he teaches him how to read and even gives up his money just to be with jungkook and becomes an author

tear the moon from the stars tonight by euphoriae

20) Hi! I'm looking for a YoonMin fanfic that's a pretend/fake dating au, where Jimin was at the grocery shop and his ex suddenly came up and started teasing/mocking him? Then Yoongi suddenly came up behind him and started pretending to be his bf? Thank you so much and I'm so sorry for the bother!

21) Hey! I've been looking for this fic forever (i've tried every tag on ao3, god help me). It's a v/yoongi fic where tae is really into public sex and yoongi too, but yoongi is shy at first. there's a scene at the beginning where yoongi is on a date with a girl and he goes to the bathroom to masturbate. at the middle they both are in a restaurant with 2 other people (from bts, i can't remember which members) and tae touches him. at the end tae masturbates yoongi in a restaurant/karaoke booth?

Hands-On Learning by pornographicpenguin

22) Hi! Looking for this multi chaptered abo fic where Yoongi is a omega and kookie presents as an alpha during practice and triggers yoongi's heat. Later on jin and joon become mates but it's mainly about yoonkook slowly getting together... Idk if that's helpful but it's driving me crazy because I can't find it

23) Hi, I'm looking for an old jin/yoongi fic that had a magical element in it I read a while ago and need a little help. Yoongi is an underground rapper and he always passes by this shop. One night after a gig he actually stops in front of it and goes in. Jin runs it and gives him a drink. (I think its tea but idk) he also gives him a muffin or cupcake. At the end jin tells yoongi he was looking for love and that's what led yoongi into the shop.

24) Hi! I’m looking for a fic I read a year back. It has Jin as an assassin and he saved the maknae line from abuse and stuffs and they fell in love with him. And he also has a relationship with Suga

25) Weird fic I read but I want to see if more came out. Anyway it's super weird, bts is the a werewolf gang and they go to a party for the higher ranking alphas. There they meet an omega of a high ranking alpha and then more stuff happens that I can't remember. I just thought of it randomly and I wanted to see if you could find it. It's okay of you can't I appreciate the help either way.

26) Ok color me corrected if you manage to find this fic, but I can’t seem to remember anything about it. It’s a red string of fate/soulmate au but I CANNOT remember the pairing. I think it was canon divergent, they lived in the dorm together. I remember that the string was actually tangible and the pair would always trip over it. Thanks haha

27) I am looking for a fic I read ages ago. It was jikook, they were in high school. Jk is really rich and loves taking photos one day he sees jm and is compelled to take a photo of his bright orange hair. Tae sees the photo and hires jk so take photos of jimin as he never sees him smile. Jm is very poor, he is freinds with joon and tae I think. Jin is jks brother. Jm initially gets mad at jk but eventually they become friends and fall in love. There was some past stuff with taegi too I think.

Imperfectly Perfect by whenIseeUsmile

28) Hi. I'm looking for a fic on ao3. It's a historical royalty au and I think it's yoonmin. I think it's incomplete too. Yoongi is a prince and his brother is JK. Jimin and Jin are spys from a neighbouring kingdom that's on the verge of war. The last chapter I remember has the castle being invaded and the royal family being killed, there may have been a fire. I hope you can help

Death In Disguise by pikachoi

[thesovietbroadcast]

Soviet Union and the Abolition of Central Planning in the Post-Stalin Era

Post-Stalin soviet economists veiled the pro-capitalist reforms as part of an ongoing struggle against the “cult of personality”, Khrushchev’s favourite boogeyman to justify his role in transforming the Soviet socialist planned economy into the anarchy of production present in capitalist countries.

“These shortcomings in economic management should be eliminated not by making planning more complicated, more detailed and more centralised, but by developing the economic initiative and independence of enterprises -- Enterprises must be given broader initiative; they must not be bound by petty tutelage and bureaucratic methods of planning from the centre.” (E.G. Liberman: "Cost Accounting and Material Encouragement of Industrial Personnel", in: "Voprosy Ekonomiki" (Problems of Economics), No 6, 1955, in: M.E. Sharpe (Ed.): op. cit., Volume 1; p.7).

This already happened in 1955, two years after Stalin’s death and one year prior to Khrushchev’s not so secret speech, which ultimately damaged the international communist movement, the reputation of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and marked the beginning of a long trek in the U.S.S.R. towards the abandoning of Marxism-Leninism and the embracing of Soviet socialism with capitalist characteristics.

Soviet economist L. Gatovsky would declare,

“Stalin...substituted naked administration by fiat for economic instruments of directing the economy... Regulation of the use of financial resources by enterprises, where it is excessive and too detailed, should be eliminated, and enterprises should be given greater opportunity to manoeuvre with these resources” (L. Gatovsky: "The Role of Profit in the Socialist Economy", in: "Kommunist" (Communist), No. 18, 1962)

The reforms carried out during Khrushchev and then Brezhnev placed economic planning in disarray, and by 1972 it was very clear to Soviet economists that five-year plans could no longer be fulfilled, compiled, and lacked any meaning whatsoever.

“The work of drawing up five-year plans from the enterprises up to the USSR Gosplan (State Planning Committee -- WBB) was not completed in the past five years.” (N. Y. Grogichinsky: "The Economic Reform in Action", in: "Soviet Economic Reform: Progress and Problems", Moscow; 1072; p.211). 

"It is practically impossible to compile a Five-Year Plan.” (Komin: "Problems in the Methodology and Practice of Planned Price Formation", in:"Planovoe khoziaistvo" (Planned Economy). No. 9, 1972, in: "Problems of Economics", Volume 16, No. 1; May 1973; p.48))

“An objective assessment of the fulfilment of the plan is impossible... In fact, the planning of distribution never attains completed form.. It is completed only with the end of the planning period... It is impossible to compile a national economic plan that is substantiated and balanced for all value indices.. on the baisis of physical indices and prices... The five-year plan in terms of value indices essentially loses its meaning.” (V. Kotov: "Prices: The Instrument of National Economic Planning and the Basis of the Value Indices of the Plan". in: "Planovoe khoziaistvo" (Planned Economy), No. 9, 1972, in: "Problems of Economics", Volume 16, No. 1; May 1973; p. 61, 62, 69)

Soviet economists argued on about the "indeterminacy" of the state plans and their probabilistic nature, which in the opinion of W.B.Bland reflected a veiled form of anarchy of production.

He further elaborated that although Soviet capitalism (which should be referred to as such from our point of view) was obviously different from western capitalism, the reformed state economic planning system was no different from western countries, using state levers and incentives to fulfil goals.

Another Soviet economist V. A. Trapeznikov would be quoted in a Pravda article,

“...the centre of gravity  be shifted from administrative by injunction to economic methods of guiding enterprise.” (Leontiev 1964 Pravda)

With the effective abolition of central planning, another regulator of production took over: profit.

At the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961 Khrushchev would enthusiastically declare:

“We must elevate the importance of profit and profitability. In order to have enterprises fulfil their plans better, they should be given more opportunity to dispose of their profits, to use them more extensively to encourage good work of their personnel, and to expend production.”

[radicalsnowshop]

Radical Snow & Street Wear If is not Radical, is not real. ☎️▪️984188238 📱▪️684285993 🖥▪️www.radicalsnowshop.com 🏃🏻‍♂️▪️Se entregan pedidos en el día, en Mieres y alrededores ( rigen condiciones ) #radical #mieres #skate #skateboarding #street #skateclothing #wear #clothes #girls #skateasturias #sk8boarder #sk8tergirl #asturias #suportyourlocalskateshop #Repost @vansskate with @get_repost ・・・ Swipe up in our story and marvel at the marble in “Red Alert” @Vans_Russia’s new edit playing on @FreeSkateMag exploring the architectural wonders of several ex-soviet states. 📹 @Kotoval (en Radical Snow, Skate & Street Wear Mieres) https://www.instagram.com/p/B3PmujnJhQx/?igshid=146975gm1bnen

[highwayphantoms]

Playlist Tag

Rules: we’re snooping your playlist! put your entire music library on shuffle and list the first ten songs.

Tagged by @lost-inthyme

1. Down By The Water - The Decemberists

2. What’s the Rumpus? - Gaelic Storm

3. Wonderful Day - O.A.R.

4. Set Fire To the Rain - Adele

5. 11am - Incubus

6. Eight Days A Week - The Beatles

7. Ruled By Secrecy - Muse

8. 10 Years Later - Collective Soul

9. Kotov Syndrome - Rise Against

10. Megalomanic - Incubus

Not gonna tag anyone. Steal at your leisure. :P

[coach-rd]

#Repost @jailhousestrong with @get_repost ・・・ The concept of breaking training down into discrete periods of focus is not a new concept and is not solely a practice of athletes. Siff and Verkhoshansky, in their 1996 book, Supertraining,noted that ancient civilizations, such as the Chinese, Greeks, and Romans, understood the need for proper physical preparation for warfare. They realized that you simply couldn’t give a soldier his weapon and start to teach fighting techniques. The first thing they needed was to be whipped into shape. As for athletic training, the ancient Greek Olympians spent time in preparatory training for up to 10 months during each year, even in non-Olympic years. Kotov (1917) advised that training should be divided into general, preparatory, and specific training stages. Several Russian texts were written after this, emphasizing such training in track and field, skiing, gymnastics, boxing, water polo, and swimming. One of the earliest examples of periodization reached the Western world in 1946 in England, when Dyson used the Eastern approaches to training and developed a five-phase system of training. It included (a) non-competitive periods, involving gymnasium activities and cross-country running, (b) pre-competitive periods, (c) initial competitive periods, (d) main competitive periods, and (e) post-competitive periods. Today, periodization is used by all organized athletic teams. This is due not only to athletes’ needs, but also to guidelines set by governing bodies. In the NCAA, for example, there are strict guidelines for pre-season and off-season training. Think about all the great powerlifters who focus on hypertrophy and work capacity in the off-season, then dial in the big three specifically as a meet approaches. By cyclically attacking these goals and changing training methods and modalities as objectives were sequentially accomplished, this was periodization in action. Just think about it logically. Would a bodybuilder train the same way for a show four weeks out as he would four months out? Pictured John Grimek champion bodybuilder and world record holder in #overheadpress #jailhousestrong #gasstationready #tijuanabarbell (at Rancho Cucamonga, California) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bp2AqasheDk/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1nbjw4fcpm764

[artbookdap]

As we contemplate Russia today, here are a few more photos by Arseniy Kotov, from 'Soviet Cities: Labour, Life & Leisure,' published by @fuelpublishing⁠ ⁠ In recent years Russian cities have visibly changed. The architectural heritage of the Soviet period has not been fully acknowledged. As a result many unique modernist buildings have been destroyed or changed beyond recognition.⁠ ⁠ Russian photographer @northern.friend intends to document these buildings and their surroundings before they are lost forever. He likes to take pictures in winter, during the “blue hour,” which occurs immediately after sunset or just before sunrise. At this time, the warm yellow colors inside apartment-block windows contrast with the twilight gloom outside. To Kotov, this atmosphere reflects the Soviet period of his imagination. His impression of this time is unashamedly idealistic: he envisages a great civilization, built on a fair society, which hopes to explore nature and conquer space.⁠ ⁠ From the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the desert steppes of Kazakhstan to the grim monolithic high-rise dormitory blocks of inner-city Volgograd, Kotov captures the essence of the post-Soviet world. “The USSR no longer exists and in these photographs we can see what remains—the most outstanding buildings and constructions, where Soviet people lived and how Soviet cities once looked: no decoration, no bright colors and no luxury, only bare concrete and powerful forms.”⁠ ⁠ More via linkinbio.⁠ ⁠ #sovietmodernism #sovietcities #russia⁠ https://www.instagram.com/artbook/p/CYkWt7KMS_T/?utm_medium=tumblr

[abdurashidkhidirov]

Сегодня у наших друзей день рождения , Мы Вас поздравляем Сенсей Рузимов сан и Сенсей Котов сан! Всех благ Вам ! Today is our friends' birthday, We congratulate you Sensei Ruzimov san and Sensei Kotov san! All the best to you! 👏🤝👍🙋🏻‍♂️🥋✊🏻😂 (at Russia, Saint-Petersburg) https://www.instagram.com/p/CT_bA6CogZ9/?utm_medium=tumblr

[orbemnews]

First Russia poisoned him. Now this is the prison camp for Alexey Navalny. Life inside is hidden from view, behind high metal fences and barbed wire surrounding this dilapidated-looking facility, in the Vladimir region of Russia, two hours’ drive from the capital, Moscow. “I had no idea that it was possible to arrange a real concentration camp 100km from Moscow,” Navalny said, adding his head had been shaven. “Video cameras are everywhere, everyone is watched and at the slightest violation they make a report. I think someone upstairs read Orwell’s ‘1984,’” Navalny continued, in a reference to the classic dystopian novel. Life inside the prison, in the town of Pokrov, could yet become more banal, stressful and possibly dangerous according to one former inmate. Konstantin Kotov served what he said were two miserable sentences — the first for four months, the second for six months — in Penal Colony No. 2 for breaking Russian anti-protest laws. He was last released in December and was anxious about returning, but agreed to travel with CNN to explain how the penal colony works on the inside. “From the first minutes you are here you are experiencing mental and moral pressure,” he told CNN. “You are forced to do things that you would never do in normal life. You are forbidden to talk with other convicts. They force you to learn the list of names of the employees. You are on your feet all day, from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. You are not allowed to sit down. They do not allow you to read, they do not allow you to write a letter. It can last two weeks, it can last three weeks.” Navalny was sent to prison after a Moscow court on February 2 replaced his suspended sentence with jail time due to violations of his probation. He was arrested when he returned to Moscow from Germany where he had been recovering from poisoning with a nerve agent. Navalny blames the Russian security services for placing Novichok in his underpants and the US and European Union largely agree and have sanctioned Russian officials for their involvement. Russian authorities were initially reluctant to say exactly where Navalny was, refusing to tell Navalny’s lawyers or even family members where he was being held until days after being moved. Now that he is confirmed to be at Penal Colony 2, he is expected to serve out the rest of his sentence there. ‘Torture by TV’ Kotov, the former inmate, explained prisoners sleep in barrack rooms in iron bunk beds. About 50 to 60 men slept in his room, he said, each with only a small amount of living space. “You get up at 6 in the morning, you go out to the courtyard nearby and listen to the national anthem of Russia — every day the anthem of the Russian Federation,” he said. “You cannot write, you cannot read. For example, I watched TV almost all day, Russian federal channels. This is torture by TV.” It’s what he calls the “daily meaningless activity” that Kotov says sets the tone, but then there are the constant corrections for any perceived wrongdoing. “I was reprimanded for not saying hello to an employee, and for the fact that I had my top button undone,” Kotov said. The slightest violation can see an inmate taken to solitary confinement, Kotov said, perhaps for months at a time. Order is maintained both by prison guards and by prisoners known as “orderlies” who cooperate with the prison administration. Though the orderly is also a convict, Kotov said, they are relied on report anyone who doesn’t toe the line. “They are like spies who follow your every step and report them to the administration,” Kotov said. Alexander Kalashnikov of Russia’s federal penitentiary service (FSIN) has said Navalny is being handled as any other prisoner. “Everything is done within the framework of the law and the current legislation,” he told reporters in late February. ‘Empire of fear’ Violence can be common in Russian prisons. Disturbing video released by the Russian investigative newspaper Novaya Gazeta shows prisoners being beaten by guards in a penal colony in Yaroslavl, the region next to where Navalny is being held. A Russian court has convicted several people of involvement in what’s become a national scandal but former inmates say it’s not an isolated case. Kotov says he saw inmates being beaten by orderlies at Penal Colony No. 2. Most often, they would unscrew a chair leg and hit people on their heels — painful and inconspicuous — he told CNN. Navalny in his Instagram post said he had yet to witness any violence but he “easily believes the numerous stories” of brutality in the colony due to the fear he has witnessed among his fellow inmates. He said he was being woken every hour by a guard shining a camera and light in his face to check he was there as he has been designated a “flight risk.” Kotov said he feared for Navalny’s mental state rather than his physical health, saying he believes Navalny’s high profile would mean that officials would not want him physically harmed. “They want to deprive him of his voice,” Kotov told CNN. “That is their purpose.” Prisoner’s rights expert Pyotr Kuryanov, of the Defending Prisoners’ Rights Foundation, said the situation was “very dangerous” in the prison camp, which he called an “empire of fear.” “It’s tough to stay there and keep a cool head and not to react to provocations,” he told CNN. “It is extremely tough psychologically. The tiniest possible violation … might bring a convict to a heavy physical damage. “ Inside the rows of two-story barracks, inmates can be ordered to clean floors with toothbrushes and other demeaning and pointless tasks designed to humiliate, Kuryanov said. “I do not rule out that Alexey might fall victim to a nervous breakdown,” he added. Source link Orbem News #Alexey #Camp #Navalny #Poisoned #Prison #Russia

[pilot-inspector]

Thomas Ligotti in Mario Bava

o dveh sortah pesimizma

Moje prvo soočenje s filozofijo je bilo – ko se tako oziram nazaj – intenzivno. Profesor Jože Dolmark je v sklopu ur, namenjenih zgodovini in teoriji filma, na tablo suvereno napisal naslove nekaterih knjig, med katerimi je bila tudi Deleuzova Podoba-gibanje. Kaj smo bili? Drugi, tretji letnik gimnazije? Nepripravljeni in nezreli za takšno knjigo. Profesor Dolmark pa je vedel, da se vse zadeve, ki se tako malomarno in nevede same od sebe razlijejo po podu spomina in misli – če jih le pogledaš v pravem trenutku in iz pravega zornega kota, v katerem zadobijo tisti podoben sijaj, v katerem delujejo kot eno –, na koncu čudežno povežejo in zadobijo smisel. Na nas je bila samo naloga, da konec te vrvi lebdečih spominov in fantazem nekoč zagrabimo in naredimo konec temu nekontroliranemu opletanju.

Podoba Jožetovih prepletajočih se prstov, ko nas je tako opominjal, da naj se že spravimo k zaustavitvi te igre sledi, je ena ključnih podob v mojem filozofskem razvoju.

V seriji tekstov se bom na tem mestu ukvarjal s tem povezovanjem kablov, kot rad pravi profesor, in sprevračanjem osnovne predpostavke, da se vsega ne zmore povezati. Gre za neke vrste hermenevtično vajo, ki priznava, da se v mišljenje nikoli ne podamo zares goli. Slikar nikoli ne stoji pred praznim platnom, pa tudi če je to platno popolnoma belo. Obstaja nek prostor pred-interpretacije, poln epistemičnih predsodkov in pred-pomenov, ki strogo načrtovano vodi v dnevni prostor, kjer se odvija vsa interpretacija dneva.

Cilj te vaje je skromen: Ko vstopimo v predprostor, se tam sezujmo in nato v dnevni prostor vstopimo bosi ali vsaj obuti v copate, ki nam jih tako radodarno posodi nemški filozof Hans-Georg Gadamerda, copate znamke zlitje horizontov.

Ko smo tako postavljeni pred nek tekst – besedo uporabljam za vse elemente, ki nas nagovarjajo in ki morajo biti umeščeni in prepleteni, spleteni z drugimi kot niti ali predivo, pravi latinska beseda texō –, moramo za določen čas zapustiti svoj običajen okvir interpretacije in se prepustiti miselnim potem nekoga drugega. Tako kot nas uči danes skorajda pozabljeni Friedrich Schleiermacher, to pa storimo prav zato, da ''najpoprej razumemo izjavo tako dobro kot avtor sam in nato bolje kot sam avtor''. Če je avtorjeva izkušnja neposredna, potem je naša izkušnja del umetnosti posredna; ta dela tako lahko zamrznemo v času in si jih ogledamo v različnih trenutkih in iz različnih zornih kotov. In vsako delo, pa najsibo še tako zelo različno od nekega drugega, pod določenim kotom zasije podobno kot tisto drugo. Zasijeta v istem sijaju.

V praksi pa bo zadeva izgledala takole. Vedno berem več knjig hkrati. Po navadi me na nočni omarici čaka kakšen žanrski horror roman, spodaj ob fotelju pa knjiga teoretske narave. Vsake toliko časa knjigi zamenjata svoji mesti. Seznam filmov na računalniku se razteza od italijanskih giallov do velikanskih drive-in double-featur grozljivk in vsega, kar diši po krvi ali neki drugi obskurni sluzi. Pa kakšen film noir in kakšen Angelopoulos.

Kako misliti vse to naenkrat? Kako skupaj misliti Romana Guardinija, nemškega katoliškega duhovnika in filozofa, ter Rogerja Cormana, papeža pop filma in kralja B-filma? Kaj imata skupnega Emanuele Severino, velikan italijanskega neoparmenidizma, in H. P. Lovecraft, oče moderne grozljive fikcije? Kaj Georges Bataille, intelektualec in erotik, in Stephen Graham Jones, žanrovec, Indijanec, bolj natančno Blackfoot? Verjamem – in upam –, da veliko.

(Seveda pa se bom od časa do časa posvetil kakšnemu posameznemu delu nekoliko bolj, delu, ki me je zares zadelo, in morda bom v slovenščino tudi prevajal dela, ki do sedaj še niso bila prevedena – pa bi po mojem mnenju morala biti. Seveda tukaj ne bom uspel zapolniti tiste velike prazne luknje, kjer bi jo morala v slovenski umetnosti in kulturi polniti grozljiva umetnost. In ta luknja je ogromna. Morda pa bi samo želel opozoriti na to praznino, da bi jo vsaj nekoliko bolj opazili.)

Začnimo z dvojico, ki me je zaposlovala zadnje dni: teoretska knjiga prvaka sodobne filozofske grozljivke, avtorja kratkih zgodb in novel gotske fikcije in samodeklariranega pesimista, Thomasa Ligottija, Zarota zoper človeško raso (The Conspiracy Against the Human Race, 2010) in film Groza v vesolju (it. Terrore nello spazio; ang. Planet of the Vampires, 1965), Maria Bave, enega izmed režiserjev svete trojice italijanske grozljivke.

Osnovna premisa Ligottijeve Zarote zoper človeško raso je preprosta. Za vse, kar je, je kriva človeška zavest, pojav te zavesti in njen razvoj. Pred pojavom tega relativno modernega pojma – pomislimo namreč, da človeška vrsta, Homo sapiens, ni od danes, niti od včeraj, marveč se skozi zgodovino razteza že nekaj sto tisoč let – so bile stvari preproste. Ali kakor nas v prvo poglavje z naslovom Nočna mora biti uvede Ligotti:

Leta in leta so bili brez lastnih življenj. Njihova celotna bit je bila odprta v svet in nič jih ni ločevalo od ostalih stvaritev. Nihče od njih ni vedel, koliko časa so tako cveteli. Nato se je začelo nekaj spreminjati. Zgodilo se je skozi pozabljene generacije. Znaki sprememb so se brez vnaprejšnjih opozoril začeli vpisovati globoko v njih. Ko se je njihova vrsta pomikala naprej, so začeli prečkati meje, katerih obstoja si niso uspeli nikoli niti zamisliti. Ko je padel mrak, so pogledali v nebo, zapolnjeno z zvezdami, in se ob tej prostranosti počutili majhne in krhke. Kmalu zatem so začeli vse videti na način, ki ga preteklih časih niso poznali. Ko so enega izmed njih našli ležati mirujočega in trdnega, so se zbrali okrog telesa, kot da bi morali storiti nekaj, kar pred tem nikoli niso storili. Takrat so začeli nositi trupla, mirujoča in trdna, v oddaljene prostore, da ne bi več uspeli najti poti do njih. A tudi ko so to storili, so nekateri iz njihove skupine ta telesa videli ponovno, kako so tiho stala v mesečini ali pa se z žalostnim obrazom zadrževala tik nad sijem ognja. Vse se je spremenilo, ko so imeli svoja lastna življenja in ko so vedeli, da imajo svoja lastna življenja. Celo nemogoče se jim je bilo zamisliti, da je kdaj bilo kako drugače. Zdelo se je, da so bili zdaj gospodarji svojih premikov, in pred njimi ni bilo na svetu nič takega, kot so bili oni. Časi, ko je bila njihova celotna bit odprta v svetu in ko jih ni nič ločevalo od ostalih stvaritev, so minili. Nekaj se je zgodilo.

Kot pravi pisec horror fikcije nas Ligotti v zgodbo nastanka človeka vpelje z običajno podobo napredka, kvalitativnega preskoka, ki se je zgodil nekoč v razvoju človeka. Preskok je bil velik, silovit, zgodil se je tako rekoč v enem trenutku – nemogoče si je namreč zamisliti, da bi do takšnega preskoka lahko prišlo postopoma. Seveda se je razvoj, ki je moral še razkriti konsekvence tega skoka, dogajal postopoma. A vendar – prvi kvalitativni preskok se je zgodil, kot bi tlesknil s prstoma. Takole: tlesk. Brez tega trenutka, ki je prinesel v človeka nekaj novega, ne bi moral slediti razvoj.

Zgoraj opisana pripoved ni nekaj novega, poznamo jo iz zgodovine filozofije. Predplatonski grški svet je bil totalen, grški človek ni nikoli segal onkraj svojega sveta. Grškemu človeku je bilo mogoče bit in vse, kar je, razumeti zgolj celovito in enopomensko. Tukaj ni še neke Božanske biti na eni strani in biti sveta na drugi strani, ni radikalne zareze med svetom bogov in našim svetom. Pri Grkih je vse eno. Svet in vse, kar je, je Eno.

Ligotti tukaj verjetno namiguje na nek še bolj davni dogodek, morda pojav jezika, še prej, znaka, ki kaže na nekaj, kar ni; ki je nekaj, kar ni. Kako se je to zgodilo? Nihče ne ve zares. A na splošno velja, da je bil ta skok dober. Da se je človek po tolikem času anonimnega obstoja prvič zavedel samega sebe, končno je prišel do samo-zavedanja.

Ligotti nadaljuje:

Nekaj se je zgodilo. Niso vedel, kaj, a vendar so vedeli, da je bilo nekaj, kar ne bi smelo biti. Nekaj bi se moralo zgoditi, da bi ponovno zacveteli, kot so cveteli nekoč, da se jim ne bi tla pod njihovimi nogami ponovno izmaknila. Leta in leta so bili brez lastnih življenj. Zdaj, ko so imeli življenja, ni bilo več poti nazaj. Njihova celotna bit je bila zaprta svetu in bili so ločeni od ostalih stvaritev. Nič niso uspeli storiti proti temu, zdaj, ko so imeli svoja lastna življenja. A nekaj bi morali storiti, če naj bi živeli s tistim, kar ne bi smelo biti. In skozi čas so odkrili, kaj so lahko storili – kaj so morali storiti –, da so lahko živeli življenja, ki so jih bili sedaj primorani živeti. To nikakor ni ponovno oživelo časov, ki so nekoč bili; bil pa je najboljši način, ki so ga premogli.

Tej načini so po norveškem filozofu, ki ga Ligotti analizira skozi svojo celotno knjigo, Petru Wesslu Zapffu, štirje: izolacija, sidranje, distrakcija in sublimacija. Vsi tej načini poskušajo popraviti napako zavesti ali vsaj prikriti to, kar je jasna in enoznačna resnica, do katere je zavest prišla in do katere je morala priti, brez pravih naporov in truda – življenje nima vrednosti, življenja nima smisla živeti. Ligotti je avtor, ki pove tako, kot je; je pijanec sredi vaške veselice, ki razkrinka lažno moralo tamkajšnje druščine; je otrok, ki razkrije, da je cesar gol. Vsa velika kultura se ogiba tej opredelitvi resnice, ki pove, tako kot je. Kultura priznava kot resnično samo tisto misel, ki je rešna, odrešna, odrešujoča. In na tem ni nič slabega.

A Ligotti pove resnično resnico in pri tem citira nemškega filozofa Juliusa Bahnsena, ki je leta 1847, pri rosnih sedemnajstih letih, bojda zapisal tole: »Človek je samo-zaveden Nič.« Težava ne tiči v dejstvu, da je človek Nič, ki skorajda zmrazi, ko ga preberemo, zapisanega s tisto veliko začetnico. Ne, težava je v tem, da ima človek samo-zavedanje in se svoje ničnosti zato tudi zaveda. In nadalje je težava v tem, da ko se enkrat zaveš, da si Nič – tega ne moreš kar tako pozabiti. Tista formula tleska ne deluje več, pa tleskni kolikokrat želiš.

Mogoče bi se s tem večina izmed vas strinjala. Morda pa se ne bi strinjali s tipično hardcore izpeljavo, ki tej tezi sledi: Človek se ne bi smel reproducirati in podaljševati tragičnosti človeške vrste, ki je v tem, da smo Nič in se te ničnosti zavedamo. Stari dobri antinatalizem.

In ali ne horror fikcija in ostala umetnost groznega deluje ravno v poigravanju s to tragično zavestjo in njenimi mehanizmi prikrivanja svoje lastne nične narave? Raznih predpostavk zavesti, ki delajo iz tega niča nekaj? Horror umetnost dela iz tega nekaj nazaj nič oz. samo razkrinka ničnost, ki je že od vedno tam.

Tukaj se obrnimo k Mariu Bavi in njegovemu filmu Groza v vesolju, ki je v ameriške kinodvorane leta 1965 vstopil kot double feature skupaj s filmom Umri, pošast, umri! režiserja Daniela Hallerja, v katerem je nastopil tudi super zvezdnik B-filmov, Boris Karloff, in je nastal kot adaptacija kratke zgodbe H. P. Lovecrafta – Barva iz vesolja (1927). Naslov Lovecraftove zgodbe bi se popolnoma prilegal tudi Bavinemu filmu, ki v čudovitih barvah, dopolnjenimi s temačnimi sencami neznanega in pritlehno gosto meglico, prikazuje planet Aura, kamor sta se odpravili dve posadki, vsaka na svoji vesoljski ladji, z namenom odkritja vira čudnega signala, ki so ga takrat že dve leti prejemali znanstveniki na Zemlji. Pristanek na tem planetu je bizaren. Zaradi vstopa v polje visoke gravitacijske sile, ladja Argos, ki jo vodi kapitan Mark Markary, skorajda ne pristane v enem kosu. Cela ekipa ob tem izgubi zavest. Ko se prebudijo, eden drugega napadejo, nakar Markary, ki je edini zares pri zavesti, vse prebudi iz tega spanca nezavesti. Druga ladja, na kateri je tudi Markaryjev brat Toby, ni imela te sreče. Vsi mrtvi. Prevrtimo film naprej, do dela, ki razkrije, kaj se na planetu zares dogaja. Tam živi neka človeku neznana vrsta, ki ima sposobnost naseliti se v mrtvo, nezavestno ali speče telo. Zato vsa trupla druge posadke počasi vstajajo iz svojih grobov. To pa počno zato, da bi lahko zapustili ta planet in se naselili na nekem drugem, bolj ugodnem planetu, kjer bi lahko ponovno normalno zaživeli. Ko se ob koncu filma proti Zemlji vračajo samo, kapitan Markary in dva druga člana posadke, odkrijemo, da sta tako kapitan kot tudi neka druga članica posadke oba ''obsedena'', prevzeta.

Noč živih mrtvecev (1968) Georga A. Romera je v zgodovini žanra tista točka, ki razločuje klasično grozljivko od moderne, predvsem zaradi njene običajnosti. Običajnosti prostora: pri Romeru je ta prostor dogajanja neka koliba v gozdu, medtem ko se gotske grozljivke običajno dogajajo v nekem gradu ali prekomerno okrašenem pokopališču. Običajnosti časa: Romerov film se dogaja v sedanjosti, medtem ko se gotske pripovedi dogajajo v nekih davnih časih. Običajnosti estetike: Romerov film prikazuje svet, kot je, medtem ko je glavna značilnost klasične grozljivke ekspresionistični kič in visoki kamp. Navsezadnje pa je sodobna grozljivka običajna tudi po tem, da meša dobro in zlo. Junaki ne pripadajo več samo eni ali drugi skupini, niso več samo dobri ali slabi – meje teh kategorij sodobna grozljivka zabriše. Nasploh pa dobro v sodobni grozljivki na koncu ne več nujno prevlada. Mamo ob koncu Romerovih Mrtvecev napade njena lastna hči – in filma je konec. Osnovna družbena celica, kot je družina, in družbena norma prevladata nad golim življenjem, pred tem svari moderna grozljivka. Opozarja nad izgubo vrednosti samega življenja in da so nas razne abstrakcije in njihove vrednote od tega življenja odvrnile. Že pred Romerom pa je tudi Bava v svojem filmu Trije obrazi strahu (I tre volti della paura, 1963) in kasneje v Grozi v vesolju razmišljal o dvojici vrednotein življenje. Kapitan Markary hladno ubije svojega brata Tobyja, ko je jasno, da je njegovo telo prevzel duh bitja iz vesolja. Zato pa v ospredje toliko bolj prihaja druga dvojica: biti ali ne-biti. Odgovor je jasen: biti. Če ne bom jaz, pa naj bo vsaj človek na Zemlji.

A Groza v vesolju se zaključi na tipično pesimističen način: Vesoljci se bodo udomačili na Zemlji in prevzeli telesa vseh zemljanov, medtem ko bodo tej nič hudega sluteč spali. To je pesimizem, ki ga premore zgodnji modern horror film.

Obe deli, tako Ligottijevo kot Bavino, sta, vsaka seveda na svoj način, pesimistični. A treba je poudariti, da je Thomas Ligotti pesimistični pesimist, medtem ko je Mario Bava – in z njim večina modernih grozljivk – pesimistični optimist. Optimist pravi, da je biti živ v redu; pesimist pravi, da biti živ ni v redu. Pesimistični optimist pravi, da je biti živ v redu, a da nam ne dobro kaže v tem, da bomo kot vrsta preživeli. Pesimistični pesimist pa pravi, da biti živ ni v redu, a da nam ne kaže dobro, da bomo kadarkoli kot vrsta ne obstajali več.

No, oba primera kažeta na osnovno tragiko, ki je srčika naše zavesti – radi bi, a ne moremo, in ne bi radi, a ne uspemo, da ne bi.

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Lances candidatos é uma técnica criada na década de 50 por Kotov na sua obra "Pense Como Um Grande Mestre" com o objetivo de ensinar calcular corretamente. Resumidamente, ele cria uma árvore de análises selecionando os lances por prioridades e faz o cálculo sem voltar ao início da variante até tirar conclusões para todas as linhas. E você, utiliza esse método? #xadrez #xadrezcomgratidao #chess #lancescandidatos #kotov https://www.instagram.com/p/CFMbS0eBCQl/?igshid=bs73x39f7wzj

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Arseniy Kotov - 2020 https://www.instagram.com/p/CC3BjBbp-tm/?igshid=h3p5gq5egf0w