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babettekourelos · 3 years

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Flour Power

Flour is flour, right?

Wrong!!

All flour is definitely not made equal. Not only do we need to differentiate between cake flour, bread flour and all purpose flour - we also have to consider the differences between commercial and artisanal flour i.e. bleached/unbleached and roller milled or stone ground flour. Not to mention organic flour, enriched flour, whole wheat and rye. Gluten free and alternative flours are also worth discussing but will form the subject of a different article.

If we were to take a look inside most pantries around the world, we would in all likelihood find a bag of cake or all purpose flour. These flours are perfectly suited for the occasional weekend or holiday bake. In the last 12 months however, another flour has become prevalent in our kitchens... I am of course referring to bread flour. As a result of the lockdowns imposed by governments across the globe in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the world watched a bread baking revolution unfold on social media. When our survival instincts kicked in, flour became a hot and very scarce commodity. Bread after all is and has always been the staff of life. Suddenly GLUTEN was the least of our problems and everyone scrambled to get their hands on the last available bags of flour. Even the folks who had never baked a single thing in their lives prior to the pandemic, now boasted well stocked baking cupboards but had no idea where to start. I am guessing that many have eventually taken the leap and at least baked a handful of times - but for those of you who are still sitting on the baker's fence, hop on over and let me guide you the first steps of the way.

First off, we have cake flour. As the wheat flour with the lowest protein content (5% - 8%), cake flour is perfect for making soft, light and airy baked goods such as cakes, cookies or pancakes. Cake flour is made from soft spring wheat and due to the low protein content, this flour is not suitable for bread baking as it is impossible to achieve a strong gluten structure which consequently results in a dough which cannot retain its shape (unless it is baked in a bread tin). Cake flour is able to absorb more liquid and sugar than all purpose or bread flour and thus your baked goods will stay moist for longer. Yum!

Pastry flour has an 8% - 9% protein content, which results in a slightly more developed gluten structure, which in turn allows for easier shaping and handling of the dough. Pastry flour is best suited for flaky pastries, sweet or savoury pies, tarts and quiches. Not as common as cake, bread and all purpose flour, you will probably struggle to find pastry flour at your local grocery store. You may have better luck sourcing it from a speciality bake shop or online.

Next up, we have all purpose flour. This flour is pretty versatile, as it is a perfect mix of soft and hard wheat flour. With a protein content of 10% - 12%, this flour is well suited for bread baking as it is capable of forming a decent gluten structure. All purpose flour is most commonly found in North America, where it is the go-to flour for most types of baking. You can easily make your own all purpose flour by mixing together equal amounts of cake and white bread flour. If a bread recipe calls for all purpose flour, but you only have bread flour on hand, don't stress - you will still be able to bake a decent loaf of bread. There really is no reason to over think it.

Bread flour usually has a protein content of 12% - 14%. Due to the high protein content, this flour is able to produce a strong gluten structure, which will allow the dough to easily retain its shape. The final loaf will also boast good volume and yield a wonderfully chewy crumb. The terms whole meal ,whole grain and whole wheat are often used interchangeably and simply refer to bread flours containing varying degrees of the entire wheat kernel. If you are looking to incorporate more whole grains into your diet, you can easily replace half of the amount of white flour required in a recipe with the same amount of whole grain flour. Whole grain flour boasts a slightly darker colour (think brownish/tan) and coarser texture as a result of the presence of the wheat bran. Unlike pure white wheat flour, baked goods made with whole grain flours will be a little more dense, heavy and compact. This is due to the fact that the bran is razor sharp and easily severs the delicate gluten strands, which severely weakens the dough structure and thereby inhibits the size of the final loaf. However, rest assured that while you may be sacrificing volume, the final loaf is guaranteed to offer a tastier and more wholesome loaf than a standard white loaf.

Next we have rye flour. Rye falls within the wheat family but has a low glutenin content, which consequently results in a lower gluten content in the dough and the final loaf. (Note: Gluten = a full/complete protein and is formed out of the two partial proteins 'glutenin' and 'gliadin'.) People who suffer from slight gluten or digestive issues, may find it beneficial to favour rye bread over pure wheat breads. It is important to note however that some folks incorrectly assume that rye is gluten free. Although lower in gluten, it is definitely not gluten free. It is also worth mentioning that the three types of commercially available rye flours (light, medium and dark) actually do not refer to different varieties of rye, but rather to the amount of bran left in the flour. Thus, the darker the rye, the more whole grain the flour. The lighter the rye, the more refined the flour. When it comes to baking, the texture of rye can be a bit intimidating if you are new to rye - it is sticky and tacky and a little tricky to control. So you may want to consider using a mix of 50% white flour and 50% rye instead of immediately tackling a 100% rye recipe. Although rye is considered by some to be an acquired taste, I believe the only reason people think they do not enjoy rye is due to the common addition of caraway, cumin and sometimes fennel seeds. You can easily omit these fragrant seeds and enjoy the natural taste of the rye instead.

When you are just starting to bake bread at home you, you have the wonderful opportunity to make informed decisions about the type of flour you will be using. Thus it is important to understand the manner in which the wheat was grown, harvested, milled, and which (if any) additives are present in the final product. However, before I delve into the finer details, I would like to mention that no matter what flour you do decide to use when baking at home, your final loaf will be a million times better and healthier for you (and your family) than the commercial sandwich loaves from your local super market. So if after reading this article and weighing all your options, you still decide to rather buy bread than bake your own, I urge you to seek out your closest artisan baker - who (if worthy of that title), will take the necessary care on your behalf.

Stone ground, unbleached flour is the flour of choice for most artisan bakers. Sometimes referred to as artisanal flour, this flour (if true to its name) should be free of pesticides, preservatives and any other additives. When flour is milled using millstones as opposed to high-speed roller mills, more of the natural goodness of the grain remains in tact. This is due to the fact that stone milling doesn't reach the same high speeds or searing temperatures, which ensures that most of the nutrients remain undamaged and are not burned off. Furthermore, stone ground flour is also more likely to be composed of the entire wheat kernel. I.e. It still has the wheat bran, endosperm, and wheat germ in tact. (Having said that, I would still recommend checking with the miller, as this may vary from brand to brand.) The advantage of having all three components in the final flour, is that you are getting all the natural goodness (vitamins and minerals) as well as the added benefit of the fibre which is provided by the wheat bran.

Commercial flour on the other hand, has the wheat germ and bran removed in order to extend the shelf life and to produce a whiter, more refined flour. This flour is often bleached using chemicals such as chlorine, bromic acid and peroxide. (On a side note, there does however appear to be some movement away from bleaching and a focus towards the optimisation of the shape of the wheat kernel - to achieve a higher yield of the white starch). Wheat germ, which is oily by nature and consequently has the tendency to go rancid, is removed from the flour. This extraction, in addition to the nutrients which were already lost during the milling process results in a flour with very little nutritional value. The solution? Commercial flour producers add artificial vitamins back in to make the flour more nutritious. This is referred to as 'fortification' or 'enrichment'. Take a closer look next time you buy a bag of flour and scan for the words 'fortified' or 'enriched'. In some countries, the enrichment of flour is enforced by law. (In countries where bread is an important staple food, fortification is often used as a means of improving what may otherwise be limited access to essential micronutrients. Fortification has however not always proven to be successful. This is due to the difficulty of successfully spreading a concentrated amount of micronutrients into an industrial bread batch - some loaves end up with too much and others not any. It is also questionable whether those micronutrients are bioavailable.)

At this point the flour has already undergone quite significant changes, but is then subjected to further preservatives, dough conditioners, dough enhancers and other chemicals in the commercial bakery setting (which speed up or entirely eliminate the bulk fermentation time). This is good for business, but not so good for our digestion. What makes matters worse, is the fact that many of the additives and processes are conveniently omitted from the list of ingredients on the final loaf. Some commercial bakeries also request that the additives be added at the milling and flour production stage, which allows them to circumvent providing a full disclosure of all the additives. Hungry yet?

When it comes to organic flour, it is required (at least in theory) that the flour be made from top quality natural and GMO free grain, which was grown in soil containing only natural substances/fertilisers. In addition to this, no pesticides or other chemicals should be used in the growing or harvesting of organic wheat. True organic flour is also not subjected to fumigation or irradiation - measures which facilitate pest control and prevent food poisoning from harmful bacteria. The problem with organic flour however is two-fold. One - it is considerably more expensive than the rest of the flour on the market. Two - not all products sold under the organic label are in fact organic. Business is business after all. Even more reason for the concerned and responsible consumer to start asking pertinent questions.

However, judging from the growing popularity of home mills (small counter top grain mills), and an increasing community of small, independent millers, the importance of good quality natural flour and the need for clear/honest labeling are slowly but surely becoming topics of global discussion. Knowledge is power and an informed consumer can be the catalyst for positive (and healthy) change. So don't be fooled by natural looking packaging and words such as natural, organic, 'bio', artisanal, etc... Ask the relevant questions. Take an interest in the way your flour and other foods are produced. Have discussions and share your findings. If we are what we eat, shouldn't we be paying closer attention to what we are really consuming?

As always, I would love to hear your thoughts. What flour are you currently baking with? Have you made any interesting discoveries?

You can reach me at [email protected]

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tieflng · 6 years

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quotes from my intro to organic chemistry teacher last summer

“the first rule of this course is that you don’t know anything more than me. so if you do know something more than me, keep it to yourself.”

“the chemistry department is responsible for the student well-being department at uvm even being in existence.”

“do they stand for anything?” “uhh............they do...........usually it’s german.”

[about anti-markovnikov alcohols] “i wish he was just called steve. that would be so much easier.”

“two extra bonus points! they’re imaginary.”

“yeah, i’d like to order some bromic acid with a slice of lemon on the side, please.”

“hands up if you don’t want to put yourself out there because then you’ll be embarrassed if you get the wrong answer.”

“electrophilicity. sounds like a good girl’s name.”

“nice big smile............that’s terrible! that’s terrifying!”

“this is the game of thrones style of lecturing-- i’ve never seen an episode of game of thrones. is it game of thrones?”

“i’m still searching for just adding two things together and getting a product and getting a nobel prize.”

[mimicking us] “you know, i showed up to dr. [x]’s class and he was just full of lies........”

“is this for real? so you want us to make a bomb in class, is that what you’re saying?”

“these slides are better than the ones i had. so i stole them.”

“there’s also meth-- the molecular process for making meth-- i took that slide out.”

“just so you realize how invested i am in your education..............i went to staples and spent [holds up colored chalk] one dollar and thirty nine cents of my own money.”

#science!#he was an interesting character #BONUS QUOTE from the lab ta:#'do you guys mind if i put on some music? i only listen to the weeknd.'#tiefling log

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burlveneer-music · 6 years

Audio

CCR001 - Various artists 12" EQ1 - OUT MID AUGUST (CALCUL RECORDS) - acid/electro

First release on vinyl with 6 very talented artists. Limited 200 copies. Black discobag and white sleeve with holes on both sides. Pre order on bandcamp available ! calculrecords.bandcamp.com

A1 ACYDROID - AURORA (3:20) Written and procduced by Olivier Elfezzani @acydroid

A2 BOT1500 - ECHO OF THE INVADERS (3:58) Written and produced by Shinichi Kobayashi @bot1500

A3 MOPFUNK - ZOS (5:21) Written and produced by Marcus Quoyeser @mopfunk

B1 VIEWTIFUL JOE - ½ FOR SERVICE (4:20) Written and produced by Jonas Bengio @klzone

B2 LEE - SOLACE (3:19) Written and Produced by Lee Templeman @leeboiacid

B3 BROMIC - FARFUZZA (3:20) Written and Produced by Mattia Malli @bromic

#SoundCloud #music #CALCUL RECORDS #electronic #acid #electro #2018 #compilation #ccr001

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my-name-is-dahlia · 3 years

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Vocabulary (pt.cmliii)

Words taken from The Pride of Lions, by Marsha Canham:

bromide (n.) chemistry. a compound of bromine with a less electronegative element or radical; a salt or ester of bromic acid.

prodigal (adj.) recklessly wasteful.

promissory (adj.) conveying or implying a promise.

exile (n.) expulsion, or the state of being expelled, form one’s native land or home, especially for political reasons.

blackmail (n.) an extortion of payment in return for not disclosing discreditable information, a secret, etc.

renege (v.) go back on one’s word; change one’s mind; recant.

pilaster (n.) a rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

pinion (v.) cut off the pinion of (a wing or bird) to prevent flight.

kohl (n.) a black powder, usually antimony sulphide or lead sulphide, used as eye makeup especially in Eastern countries.

patten (n.) historical. a shoe or clog with a raised sole or set on an iron ring, for walking in mud etc.

#av #avdictionary #vocabulary #english vocabulary #the pride of lions #Marsha Canham

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omc-juniperpublishers · 4 years

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Preparation of Novel Morphinan Derivative as a Result of Grewe Cyclization-JuniperPublishers

Journal of Chemistry-JuniperPublishers

Abstract

The acid catalyzed cyclization of Benzyl substituted Octahydroisoquinoline results in the formation of a major product, N-Formyl Dextromethorphan and a minor product, one of the morphinan derivatives, which is formed via the mechanism of Super electrophiles. Excess Phosphoric acid acts as an electrophile and leads to the formation of a novel minor product but has a significant existence and can be isolated using Column Chromatography at the later stages.

Keywords: Morphinan derivatives; Alkaloids; Grewe cyclization; Super electrophiles

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Introduction

Morphinan is the model chemical structure of a huge family of psychoactive drugs, containing opiate analgesics, antitussives and dissociative hallucinogens. It has a phenanthrene fundamental structure with A ring aromatic, the B and C rings being saturated, and an additional nitrogen-containing, six- membered, saturated ring, the D ring, attached to two carbons of the core, and with the nitrogen (Figure 1) [1]. If the D ring is “below” the core (dextro), the analgesic and euphoric properties are eliminated or are dramatically reduced, but the cough- suppressant property is retained, as in dextromethorphan [1].

Ofthe main naturally occurring opiates ofthe morphinan type- morphine, codeine and thebaine-thebaine has no therapeutic properties (it causes seizures in mammals), but it provides a low-cost feedstock for the industrial manufacture of at least four semi-synthetic opiates, counting hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone and oxymorphone, and, possibly more knowingly, the opioid antagonist naloxone [1]. The Benzyl substituted octahydroisoquinolines with a double bond common to the two fused rings served as a starting material in the synthesis of many morphinan derivatives. The synthesis of isoquinoline ring system is usually achieved by one of the traditional methods, such as Bischler- Napieralski reaction, Pictet- Spengler reaction or the Pomeranz- Fritsch reaction (Figure 2) [2].

So, Benzyl substituted octahydroisoquinolines (N-Formyl Octabase) is a raw material for the usual synthesis of Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide and one of the important intermediate is N-Formyl Dextromethorphan. The formation of this intermediate involves a well-known naming reaction, Grewe cyclisation [3]. The cyclisation has been performed using 85% phosphoric acid and toluene as a solvent (Scheme 1).

N-Formyl Dextromethorphan is further deformylated to N-Nor dextromethorphan and then methylated to form Dextromethorphan Hydro bromide salt (Scheme 1). In this manuscript, only the preparation of N-Formyl Dextromethorphan from N-Formyl octa base is projected and the formation of a significant Morphinan derivative.

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Results and Discussion

The reaction of N-Formyl Octa base with phosphoric acid present in excess act as a catalyst, to form cyclized derivative, N-Formyl Dextromethorphan, using a well- known Grewe cyclization. Grewe cyclization is a synthetic methodology involving the formation of superelectrophiles. Superelectrophiles are multiply charged cationic species (dicationic, tricationic etc.) which are usually characterized by their reactions with weak nucleophiles like arenes, alkenes or alkanes. This mechanism involves chargely densed species formed because of super acidic media or excess acid catalyzed. Due to this, it leads to the double protonation of the molecule resulting in the reactive dicationic intermediate [4].

The two basic categories of superelectrophiles are:

a) Gitionic (close) Superelectrophiles - where charge centres are separated by no more than one carbon atom or heteroatom. i.e. 1,2-dicationic or 1,3- dicationic.

b) Distonic (distant) Superelectrophiles- where charge centres are seperated by 2 or more carbon atoms i.e. 1,4- dicationic or 1,5- dicationic.

Amongst the reactions involving superelectrophiles, a significant number involve the migration of carbon atoms, as in the case of our lab molecule that undergo ring expansion. N-Formyl Octa base when treated with excess amount of acid, so, the olefinic group in isoquinoline ring being a weak nucleophile, gets protonated along with the protonation of nitrogen atom. Here, protonation of nitrogen atom is the key element explaining the mechanism and the success of this reaction. Thus, the resulting molecule is 1,4- dication. The notable feature in this intermediate is that, tertiary carbocation is formed, therefore, a stable intermediate. Due to charge electrostatic repulsive effects, protonation at the double bond is regioselective forming 1,4-dication opposing the formation of 1,3-dication generating Distonic super electrophiles (more charge separation) (Scheme 2) [5].

Now, again the electron rich arene will attack the carbocation to form 5-membered ring which is expanded to form fused 6 membered rings. This step can be explained that superelectrophiles undergo structural rearrangements that lead to favorable deprotonation step and this gives molecule with least or no positive charges. Thus, we achieve our major product and is formed because of most favorable mechanism. The mechanism adopted by superelectrophiles concluded that deprotonation- reprotonation is one of the most common path by which charge migrates in superelectrophiles. Rapid deprotonation in the strongest superacids is because of these reactive intermediates exhibiting extreme level of carbon acidity. Phosphoric acid (85%) in toluene is distilled using Dean- Stark apparatus to remove excess water azeotropically. The obtained phosphoric acid is approximately 97% and then phosphorus pentoxide is added under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain 100% phosphoric acid. Further, a solution of N-Formyl Octa base in toluene is added dropwise and the reaction is heated and stirred at 65-70oC for 12 hours to obtain the desired product (N-Formyl Dextromethorphan). The completion of reaction is analyzed by HPLC monitoring.

This N-Formyl Dextromethorphan is further insitu reduced to N-Nor Dextromethorphan using sodium hydroxide and methanol/ water mixture and then reacted with formic acid, formaldehyde and hydro bromic acid to form Dextromethorphan Hydro bromide (Scheme 1). During isolation of Dextromethorphan hydro bromide and LC-MS data, showed the formation of an unknown compound with same mass as Dextromethorphan but at different Retention time. The structure of this compound is analyzed and characterized using techniques like HPLC, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and DEPT (Figure 3).

Considering all the insitu reaction stages and the possible by products, it is worthwhile to propose the formation of this compound from its precursor, originated in the step of Grewe cyclisation of N-Formyl Octabase although in minor quantity (Morphinan derivative) (Scheme 3).

As all the 4 stages are carried forward in situ, and isolation is done only at the Dextromethorphan Hydro Bromide stage, the preparation of this minor product from its N-Formyl precursor takes place in the same way as N-Formyl Dextromethorphan to Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide. It has been in situ reduced to N-Nor using sodium hydroxide and methanol, and on treatment with with formaldehyde, formic acid gives Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide (~95%) along with this minor morphinan derivative (~1-2%) as per monographs of European Pharmacopoeia (EP) [6], United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) [7] and International Pharmacopoeia (IP) [8]. This minor product is isolated (at this stage) by column chromatography (MDC: MeOH :: 9:1) followed by Preparative HPLC (Scheme 4).

The formation of this intermediate can be explained with the possibility of formation of 1,3-dication over 1,4-dication (which is less probable). Another difference lies in the arene attack which attacks the carbocation from the comparitively less electron rich position and only reason to justify is the resulting separation of charges and formation of 1,5-dication resulting in 5-membered product which is expanded to form fused 6 membered rings with carbon migration, giving us the minor product (Scheme 5).

This isolated minor product is analyzed and characterized using Mass spectrometry, HPLC and NMR (1H and 13C NMR). DEPT- analysis showed the presence of 6 -CH2 groups instead of 7 -CH2 groups in the major product. All the characterization and analysis confirmed the formation and structure of the isolated minor product (Figures 4-9).

Dept of MINOR Product

MINOR Product: Purity: 97%, Mass: 272 (m+1) (Figure 10) (Table 1).

s- singlet, d- doublet, m-multiplet, br-broad, 1H-1H coupling constants.

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Experimental Section

Preparation of N-Formyl Dextromethorphan (MAJOR) and Morphinan Derivative (MINOR)

In a flask, charge Ortho phosphoric acid (~85.0 % w/w). Charge Toluene and Raise the temperature of the reaction mass. Reflux and maintain over Dean stark apparatus to remove water azeotropically. Cool the reaction mass under nitrogen atmosphere and Charge Phosphorus pentoxide under nitrogen atmosphere. Slowly add N-formyl octa base organic layer and Raise the temperature of the reaction mass under nitrogen atmosphere. Stir and maintain the reaction mass at 65-70oC under nitrogen atmosphere till reaction complies by reaction monitoring by HPLC after 10-12 hrs maintenance. Cool the reaction mass under nitrogen atmosphere. Concentrate the reaction mass under vacuum to remove toluene. To the concentrated mass charge ethyl acetate under nitrogen atmosphere and stir. In another flask, charge water, Cool. Charge ethyl acetate reaction mixture reaction mass in to chilled water. Stir, settle and separate the layers. Wash the organic layer with water again and then a wash of 7% sodium bicarbonate solution is given. Concentrate the organic layer u/v till almost no solvent distills.

Preparation and Isolation of MINOR Product

N-Formyl Minor product obtained in Grewe cyclisation, is treated with Sodium hydroxide in the mixture of methanol and water for 12 hours at 65-70oC to give N-Nor which is further treated with formaldehyde and formic acid in the presence of toluene for two hours at 60-65oC to give N-Methylated minor product which is further purified and isolated using Column chromatography and Preparative HPLC.

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Acknowledgements

Our group would like to thank the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research India, Dr. Hari Babu (COO Mylan), Sanjeev Sethi (Chief Scientific Office Mylan Inc ) ; Dr Abhijit Deshmukh (Head of Global OSD Scientific Affairs); Dr Yasir Rawjee {Head - Global API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients)}, Dr Sureshbabu Jayachandra (Head of Chemical Research) Mr Manoj Pananchukunnath (Head of Global Injectables Scientific Affairs, Product Development) Dr. Suryanarayana Mulukutla (Head Analytical Dept MLL API R & D) as well as analytical development team of Mylan Laboratories Limited for their encouragement and support. We would also like to thank Dr Narahari Ambati (AGC- India IP) & his Intellectual property team for their support.

To know more about Journal of chemistry,

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#Juniper Publishers Indexing Sites List #Juniper Publishers #Juniper Publishers group #Juniper Publisher Reviews #JuniperPublishers #organic chemistry #inorganic chemistry #chemistry journal #Open access Journal of chemistry #chemistry

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jetpoplocate · 6 years

Video

youtube

Bromic - Rollertrain Acid

#Bromic #Rollertrain Acid #mindcolormusic #acid #2017

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bunnyroy · 7 years

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Development Trends of Hydro Bromic Acid Industry in Global and Chinese Region 2017 to 2022

MarketResearchNest.com adds “Global and Chinese Hydro Bromic Acid Industry, 2017 Market Research Report”new report to its research database. The report spread across 150 pages with table and figures in it.

The ‘Global and Chinese Hydro Bromic Acid Industry, 2012-2022 Market Research Report’ is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Hydro Bromic Acid industry with a…

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#Hydro Bromic Acid #Hydro Bromic Acid Market #Hydro Bromic Acid Market growth #Hydro Bromic Acid Market industry #Hydro Bromic Acid Market industry analysis #Hydro Bromic Acid Market industry Trends #Hydro Bromic Acid Market share #Hydro Bromic Acid Market size #Hydro Bromic Acid Market trends

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wonderlandshreyash77-blog · 5 years

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Ammonium Bromide Market : Analysis and Forecast upto 2027

Ammonium bromide is the salt of hydro bromic acid. It is fabricated by the reaction of ammonia and hydro bromic acid. It is also made by the direct reaction of ammonia with bromine in water. The concentration solutions of ammonium bromide is formulate the crystalline product.

Global Ammonium Bromide Market: Segmentation

The global ammonium bromide market can be segmented based on grade, application, and region. In terms of grade, the market can be bifurcated into pharmaceutical and chemical. Pharmaceutical grade is anticipated to be the leading segment of the market during the forecast period. Rise in usage of ammonium bromide in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals is the key factor fueling the market. Additionally, the oxidizer blended ammonium bromide is an efficient biocide which is useful in numerous industrial water systems and wastewater to control bacteria, fungi, and algae. In terms of application, the global ammonium bromide market can be divided into medical, photosensitive emulsion, fire retardant, stone printing, and others. The growing demand for ammonium bromide in medical is anticipated to gain strong growth during the forecast period. Ammonium bromide is used extensively owing to its soothing and anticonvulsant properties, however, the higher blood concentration during the therapeutic effect can be resulted to toxic effects.

Read Report Overview @ https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/ammonium-bromide-market.html

Global Ammonium Bromide Market: Trends & Developments

Increase in demand for ammonium bromide in pharmaceuticals and medical applications is projected to propel the demand for ammonium bromide during the forecast period. Significant growth of the health care industry and the medical sector, led by the increase in awareness regarding various diseases among the people, is anticipated to drive the ammonium bromide market. However, ammonium bromide has certain adverse effects on the human body due to its high toxicity. This is adversely affecting the market. Furthermore, increase in population and rise in prevalence of diseases due to unbalanced lifestyle are creating lucrative opportunities for the ammonium bromide market.

Request Report Brochure @ https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/sample/sample.php?flag=B&rep_id=63888

Global Ammonium Bromide Market: Regional Outlook

Based on region, the global ammonium bromide market can be segregated into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. North America is a major region of the global ammonium bromide market. North America is anticipated to be a mature region of the ammonium bromide market in the near future. This can be ascribed to the presence of well-established economy and growth in pharmaceuticals and medical industries in the U.S. Additionally, presence of key manufacturers of pharmaceuticals is driving the demand for ammonium bromide. The market in Asia Pacific is anticipated to expand at a rapid pace during the forecast period, followed by that in North America. Emerging economy of India and China and growth in the medical industry are major factors fueling the demand for ammonium bromide in Asia Pacific. The ammonium bromide market in Middle East & Africa and Latin America is projected to expand at a moderate pace in the near future, led by the presence of developing economies in these regions.

#Ammonium Bromide Market

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autodaemonium · 2 years

Text

hʌnɛbhsərʌərdəutyəəd

Pronounced: hunaybhsuhruuhrduhutyuhuhd.

Pantheon of: inaccuracy, firewall, activeness, maidenliness, mania, changelessness, generality, decalescence, paternity, punctum.

Entities

Lrwðʃɒdvɪəʃnrəpəhtəɑ

Pronounced: lrwthshoudviuhshnruhpuhhtuhah Activeness: animation. Inaccuracy: looseness. Changelessness: unexchangeability. Generality: commonality. Mania: dipsomania. Legends: rechauffe, whiz, quarrying, overpayment, red herring. Prophecies: classical ballet, denouement. Relations: əθnedʒwzpdlətɪsɛɑaɪuʌk (medicaid), ʃəktʃəutədɪɑoəɪnnləpt (earnest).

Əθnedʒwzpdlətɪsɛɑaɪuʌk

Pronounced: uhthnejwzpdluhtisayahaiuuk Activeness: animation. Inaccuracy: looseness. Changelessness: irreversibility. Generality: totality. Mania: pyromania. Prophecies: rack, selling race. Relations: ɪoulʃmɑeðəvssðrumrtʃe (bromic acid), lrwðʃɒdvɪəʃnrəpəhtəɑ (personal relation).

Ɪoulʃmɑeðəvssðrumrtʃe

Pronounced: ioulshmahethuhvssthrumrtshe Activeness: animation. Inaccuracy: looseness. Changelessness: fixedness. Generality: commonality. Mania: necrophilia. Legends: hard sell, four-hitter, laziness, test case, vibration. Prophecies: misfeasance, suspension, practice. Relations: lrwðʃɒdvɪəʃnrəpəhtəɑ (prednisone).

Ʃəktʃəutədɪɑoəɪnnləpt

Pronounced: shuhktshuhutuhdiahouhinnluhpt Activeness: dynamism. Inaccuracy: looseness. Changelessness: absoluteness. Generality: commonality. Mania: pyromania. Legends: isometrics, word division. Relations: ɪoulʃmɑeðəvssðrumrtʃe (amniotic fluid), lrwðʃɒdvɪəʃnrəpəhtəɑ (chondrin).

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autodaemonium · 2 years

Text

ɛðəərntʌbllzraɪɪtʃdəfɪ

Pronounced: aythuhuhrntubllzraiitshduhfi.

Pantheon of: attraction, directivity, uncheerfulness, likelihood, transactinide, complexity.

Entities

Eɪnkʌltdiwʒuɪtðiəəli

Pronounced: einkultdiwzuitthiuhuhli Complexity: tapestry. Attraction: allure. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: shrift, drink, withdrawal, sloganeering. Prophecies: activity, one-and-one, action, regeneration. Relations: wenɛsmusəɪutʃnɪrtɛnsə (complement), lrtʃəəutuiərkəvðsntdə (pay rate).

Lrtʃəəutuiərkəvðsntdə

Pronounced: lrtshuhuhutuiuhrkuhvthsntduh Complexity: tapestry. Attraction: binding. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: refit, unknown quantity. Prophecies: trespass on the case, professional golf, economic mobilization. Relations: eɪnkʌltdiwʒuɪtðiəəli (calcium), zlzftʃhwrpnəəməwoigaɪl (near beer).

Ntɒngɛəmbʌirwɪkɪhfed

Pronounced: ntoungayuhmbuirwikihfed Complexity: complicatedness. Attraction: affinity. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: thermography, cross country, deck tennis. Relations: lrtʃəəutuiərkəvðsntdə (defender of the faith).

Wenɛsmusəɪutʃnɪrtɛnsə

Pronounced: wenaysmusuhiutshnirtaynsuh Complexity: trickiness. Attraction: show-stopper. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Relations: ɑtezɪʒmkəɪaʊətɪiflilɪ (payback), ʃzruikɛdbldʒbsrməʌgkz (opal).

Zhttumdðrɪunəwnɒkəaɪb

Pronounced: zhttumdthriunuhwnoukuhaib Complexity: tapestry. Attraction: drawing power. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: vital capacity, simple harmonic motion, breeding, brain drain, gargle. Prophecies: matricide, scud, security. Relations: æzflbsəlɛuirkəkirpuh (bromic acid), zlzftʃhwrpnəəməwoigaɪl (bonding), ntɒngɛəmbʌirwɪkɪhfed (chokedamp).

Zlzftʃhwrpnəəməwoigaɪl

Pronounced: zlzftshhwrpnuhuhmuhwoigail Complexity: complicatedness. Attraction: sexual attraction. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Relations: ɑtezɪʒmkəɪaʊətɪiflilɪ (plasma protein), zhttumdðrɪunəwnɒkəaɪb (keratohyalin).

Æzflbsəlɛuirkəkirpuh

Pronounced: azflbsuhlayuirkuhkirpuh Complexity: elaborateness. Attraction: affinity. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: operation, whitewash. Prophecies: sporting life, transformation, immolation, biological warfare defense, blue wall of silence. Relations: zhttumdðrɪunəwnɒkəaɪb (brazilwood), zlzftʃhwrpnəəməwoigaɪl (gleet).

Ɑtezɪʒmkəɪaʊətɪiflilɪ

Pronounced: ahtezizmkuhiowuhtiiflili Complexity: trickiness. Attraction: drawing power. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: obscenity. Prophecies: combat mission, development, raffle, storage. Relations: wenɛsmusəɪutʃnɪrtɛnsə (base pair).

Əmɛəəmsfæəʌədiŋəɑtrr

Pronounced: uhmayuhuhmsfauhuuhdinguhahtrr Complexity: elaborateness. Attraction: fascination. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Legends: charge, ground stroke, euthanasia. Relations: æzflbsəlɛuirkəkirpuh (cholesterol), zhttumdðrɪunəwnɒkəaɪb (gross), ntɒngɛəmbʌirwɪkɪhfed (salvage).

Ʃzruikɛdbldʒbsrməʌgkz

Pronounced: shzruikaydbljbsrmuhugkz Complexity: trickiness. Attraction: sexual attraction. Likelihood: odds. Uncheerfulness: gloominess. Prophecies: trespass, freudian slip, professional basketball. Relations: əmɛəəmsfæəʌədiŋəɑtrr (label).

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autodaemonium · 4 years

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ɪəvtətkwətsŋəpmsʌnzr

Pronounced: iuhvtuhtkwuhtsnguhpmsunzr.

Pantheon of: interstellar space, abutment, rock, constructiveness.

Entities

Dsrənoəstɪerbaɪɒðvezo

Pronounced: dsruhnouhstierbaiouthvezo Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: igneous rock. Legends: tsunami, total parenteral nutrition, brush, ski jumping, pony-trekking. Prophecies: reaffiliation, california personality inventory, grate, dislodgment, fiduciary duty. Relations: mɪɪtrrfmgəæəoɒripkru (cellarage), ənʃdzrtitvgtʌpɪtefəð (compensation), ɛkgŋtmɛlrebumðɑnnəmr (saponin), ækənnrirmtðmʌəəʌilde (beta-naphthol).

Dɒæɛlrdewdɪɪikosæəpaʊ

Pronounced: douaaylrdewdiiikosauhpow Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: quartzite. Legends: planning, overachievement, rejuvenation, official immunity, take. Prophecies: spill, cautery, creating by removal.

Isuədrzsrphgiʌɪmwdfk

Pronounced: isuuhdrzsrphgiuimwdfk Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: limestone. Legends: physical rehabilitation, mumblety-peg. Prophecies: satyagraha. Relations: ənʃdzrtitvgtʌpɪtefəð (bromic acid).

Mɪɪtrrfmgəæəoɒripkru

Pronounced: miitrrfmguhauhoouripkru Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: sima. Prophecies: rebellion, ultimate frisbee, bhakti. Relations: ækənnrirmtðmʌəəʌilde (base metal), dɒæɛlrdewdɪɪikosæəpaʊ (mastic).

Ækənnrirmtðmʌəəʌilde

Pronounced: akuhnnrirmtthmuuhuhuilde Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: fieldstone. Prophecies: pawn, satiation, vaunt, acceleration, deflection. Relations: isuədrzsrphgiʌɪmwdfk (nickname), dsrənoəstɪerbaɪɒðvezo (endowment insurance), mɪɪtrrfmgəæəoɒripkru (autograph).

Ənʃdzrtitvgtʌpɪtefəð

Pronounced: uhnshdzrtitvgtupitefuhth Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: pumice. Legends: communalism, seismography, derring-do. Prophecies: gravimetric analysis, squeak, receivership, place bet, coaching. Relations: dsrənoəstɪerbaɪɒðvezo (zanzibar copal), mɪɪtrrfmgəæəoɒripkru (plasminogen activator), ækənnrirmtðmʌəəʌilde (dialectic).

Ɛkgŋtmɛlrebumðɑnnəmr

Pronounced: aykgngtmaylrebumthahnnuhmr Interstellar Space: interstellar medium. Rock: aphanite. Legends: exchange, transformation, rail technology. Prophecies: boost, live birth, right field.

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umio-log · 6 years

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Favorite 2018

2018年にリリースされたもので特に好みだった音楽。

（順不同）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 →2012 →2013 →2014 →2015 →2016 →2017

p1nkf1re - p1nkf1re pt.2

ロシア産ブレインダンス

p1nkf1reは今年たくさん自身のBandcampでリリースしてたけど、だいたい全部良い。メロディ、サウンドメイクが本当にツボだった。 1番ちょうどいい感じ。ベストアーティスト

Aphex Twin - Collapse EP

言わずもがなAphex

T69 Collapseの3:16~からの展開が大好き

Koan Sound - Polychrome

ずっと待ってたKoan Soundのアルバム

これまで通りNeuro Hopの完成形。気持ちよすぎる音像

Blood Orange - Negro Swan

メロウで間のとり方が秀逸なR&B

トラックも歌声もスイートでどこかコミカル。ボリュームはあるけど退屈しない。

Chevel - Always Yours

GlitchやIDMのエクスペリメンタルな要素とグライムやテクノのダンスミュージックの複合サウンド

ベースミュージックなので大きい音で聴きたい

EOD - Named

EODの新しいアルバムはドリルンベースとブレイクビーツメインのブレインダンス

まさか今EODがブレイクビーツをこんなに使用してアルバムを作るとは… どこか懐かしい感じも感じつつこういうのが聴きたかったって感じ

Robyn - honey

2018年のディスコポップって感じ

全体的にいい感じだけどディープハウス感もある6曲目が特に好き

Rippps (Niels Broos & Hyroglifics) - Hue

心地よくファンキーでスムースなビートミュージックと4つ打ち

Netsh - Neural Netshworks

ハードめなブレインダンス

細かいビートとACIDベースの組み合わせは楽しい

Tom Misch - Geography

トラックも歌声も素晴らしい2018年のソウル。天才

Mr. Bill - Apophenia

いつものMr. Billの細かい音像のグリッチホップ

統一された雰囲気のアルバム。4曲目のジャズピアノとの組み合わせがちょっと新鮮

gonima - Fragmented Environments

0年台のIDM/エレクトロニカ/Glitchの香り

Abstract Elements - Join Us

奇形なドラムンベースを追求してたらIDM近づいてしまった例

Ital Tek - Bodied

まるで映画を見てるような重厚でストーリー性のあるアルバム

OPN以降のサウンドって感じだけどその中でもかなり好み

Serph - Aftermath

アルバムも良かったけどこっちの三曲入りのボーナスCDの雰囲気が好きだった

MOSHIMO- 圧倒的少女漫画ストーリー

女性ボーカルの青春ロックをこんなにたくさん聴いたのは初めてなくらいハマった

ミックスも好みなのでリファレンスにも使��た

Minchanbaby - 都会にまつわるエトセトラ

ストリートを感じた

Minchanbabyのラップと悲しなトラップの相性が抜群

Kokushimusou - Kokushimusou

待望のRAVE

Imperial Riddimの音の鳴りがヤバい

中村佳穂 - AINOU

アルバムの中で色んなスタイルを聴けるんだけど全部クオリティ高くて驚いた。少しUAを思い起こさせるような

9曲目のアイアム主人公みたいなフリーキーな感じもすごく良い

星野源 - Pop Virus

遊び心がたくさんあってとても楽しめた

チャートに入ってる音楽の中で良すぎて浮いてる

カラーズぱわーにおまかせろ！ - カラーズ☆スラッシュ

爽快感と可愛さが最高

「はねバド! 」オリジナルサウンドトラック - 加藤達也

特に19曲目や41曲目みたいな緊張感のある試合シーンで流れていた曲が素晴らしかった

user364304579 ー lipid funk

途中のバグったゾーンがヤバいブレインダンス

↓　他にも好きだったもの

Nami - Search

James Shinra - Supernova EP

James Shinra - Vital Heat

Zekk - LaLa_rr's Opening

Signal - Solitude

Datawave - Mindscapes Ep

bromic & envmod - aux4413 ep

Echo - Knight Xscape

한국사람 - 전사 freestyle(prod. yung scaaa)

lycoriscoris - Flight

Snail Mail - Lush

Emperor - Bloodsport (feat. Mantmast)

Vertical67 - Out Of The Void

MEFJUS & ICICLE - EFFICIENT

greenravor - Ancient Stone

崎山蒼志 -「五月雨」

ーーーーー

以上

→2017年

→2016年

→2015年

→2014年

→2013年

→2012年

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