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[ritware1850]

Reposted from @soledadobrien #people #christmas #christian #immigration #catoinstitute https://www.instagram.com/p/Cpfq4c-J0zb/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[joeymanlapaz]

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[furryalligator]

(via 99.7% of All Migration Is Legal | Cato @ Liberty)

[iampjr]

@NealMcCluskey @CatoInstitute @SenWarren Free things tend to get trashed. If you think college students are party animals now, wait until the doors wide open to anyone with minimal impact of failure as hey, it don’t cost nothin’.

@NealMcCluskey @CatoInstitute @SenWarren Free things tend to get trashed. If you think college students are party animals now, wait until the doors wide open to anyone with minimal impact of failure as hey, it don’t cost nothin’.

Free things tend to get trashed. If you think college students are party animals now, wait until the doors wide open to anyone with minimal impact of failure as hey, it don’t cost nothin’.

— Patrick Rooney (@patrickrooney) December 20, 2019

https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js from Twitter https://twitter.com/patrickrooney

[southernsense]

Bob Chitester & Neal McCluskey from Freedom Fest

[babyawacs]

@eu @eu_commission .@eu @euronews @france24 @phoenix_de @spiegelonline @bild @bild_de @ welt @bundestag @paris @bundesrat @france @deutschland  #meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new  @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @the natinterest @nationalinterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc @usairforce

@eu @eu_commission .@eu @euronews @france24 @phoenix_de @spiegelonline @bild @bild_de @ welt @bundestag @paris @bundesrat @france @deutschland  #meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new  @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @the natinterest @nationalinterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc @usairforce

@eu @eu_commission .@eu @euronews @france24 @phoenix_de @spiegelonline @bild @bild_de @welt @bundestag @paris @bundesrat @france @deutschland #meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @thenatinterest @nationalinterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc…

[loconservative]

Tweeted

Free market capitalism has delivered what Marx had long desired — shorter working hours and higher income. https://t.co/ENdbHDqioC pic.twitter.com/ESTO10twHX

— Cato Institute (@CatoInstitute) July 23, 2018

[johnedgarsandoval]

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[joeymanlapaz]

Take One, 42x56”, oil on linen. Accepted at Cato Institute’s inaugural exhibition “Freedom: Art as Messenger.” Reception: 4/11, 6:30-8:30pm. Cato.org. Exhibition ends 6/14/2019. #artmessenger #catoinstitute #dcliving #newspaper #cityscapepainting #artleagueschool #corcoranschoolofart #filipinoartists #shadows #washingtondc #oilpainting (at Washington, District of Columbia) https://www.instagram.com/p/BtXTox4hlhr/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1tfnemn0fwz5v

[alabamaprelawland-blog]

Mistaken Identity And The Fourth Amendment

By Christopher Alhorn, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Class of 2021

August 25, 2020

In July of 2014, Roxanne Torres was getting into her car parked near an apartment complex in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Two police officers in an unmarked police car were attempting to find and arrest another woman who they knew lived at the apartment complex, but they had not been able to locate her. The two police officers saw Torres and decided to approach her. Torres was frightened by the officers, who were wearing dark uniforms. The officers got out of their car and ordered Torres to open the car door. In a classic case of mistaken identity, Torres believed the officers were carjackers because of their dark clothing, so she began to drive away. The two police officers pulled out their weapons and fired into Torres’s car, hitting her twice. Despite being hit twice in the back by the bullets, Torres kept control of the car, eventually reaching a hospital where her wounds were treated1. Torres was accused of several crimes related to the incident including evading law enforcement. Torres did not contest the charges2.

It is important to note there are conflicting claims about several details of the events that night. The police officers have asserted they were in front of the car when they approached it, and Torres began driving toward them at a high speed. The officers argue they drew their weapons in self-defense. Torres contests this saying the officers were standing to the side of her car. In addition, the officers argue they were wearing clearly displayed badges so Torres could not have mistaken them for carjackers. Torres argues she did not see the badges because it was extremely dark in the area where her car was parked3.Amidst these conflicting details, Torres filed a lawsuit against the police officers.

Torres filed a lawsuit in 2016 arguing her Fourth Amendment rights had been violated3. The Fourth Amendment prohibits “unreasonable searches and seizures.” The amendment prevents the police from arbitrarily seizing either a person (by arresting them) or their property. Generally, if the police arrest someone without a warrant and donot have good reason to believe the person committed a crime, then the police have violated the amendment. Torres argued that by shooting at her, the officers had effectively tried to arrest her without a warrant and thus had violated her rights. The police officers argued they had not violated the Fourth Amendment since they had never actually seized Torres because she escaped. The district court and the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals agreed with the police, ruling that the officers had not seized Torres and thus could not have violated the amendment2. Torres appealed the case to the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear it in December 2019. The case was initially scheduled to be heard in March but was delayed due to COVID-19.

The question the Supreme Court will be deciding is: If a police officer tries and fails to arrest a person without a warrant or cause to believe a crime has been committed, has that person’s Fourth Amendment rights been violated? Current Fourth Amendment law is unclear on this question. Based on previous rulings, the Tenth Circuit and the District of Columbia Court of Appeals hold that a person’s rights in this situation would not be violated, while the Eighth, Ninth, and Eleventh Circuit Courts hold that a person’s rights would be violated4. This split in the courts is likely part of the reason the Supreme Court agreed to take up the case.

One unusual aspect of the case is several progressive and conservative legal organizations are in agreement on this question. Progressive organizations such as the NCAAP5and the ACLU6as well as conservative organizations such as and the Rutherford Institute7 and the CatoInstitute8have filed amicus briefs supporting the idea that an unreasonable arrest is unconstitutional whether the person being arrested is actually arrested or not.Progressive organizations such as the ACLU are concerned that keeping the police from being sued in failed arrests will create a lack of police accountability6. Conservative organizations such as the Cato Institute argue the Tenth Circuit Court’s ruling prevents citizens from exercising their rights8.Several governmental organizations including the National Association of Counties, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and the National Sherriff’s Association have filed a joint amicus brief arguing law enforcement cannot violate the Fourth Amendment in a failed arrest and interpreting the amendment differently would impose an unreasonable burden on law enforcement9. Both sides claim the founding fathers would support their interpretation of the amendment.

Torres v. Madrid has the potential immensely effect how the Fourth Amendment is interpreted. If the Supreme Court agrees with Torres, then people who escape from an unreasonable arrest will be able to sue the officers who tried to arrest them. If the Court agrees with the officers, then law enforcement will be immune from Fourth Amendment lawsuits in failed arrests. It is possible the Court will not rule on the case at all. The Supreme Court may send the case back to the Tenth Circuit with instructions to pay attention to details the Tenth Circuit may not have considered. However, if the Supreme Court does rule on the case, it is very likely to make an important difference to constitutional law. With the case set to be argued on October 14, 2020, all parties can brace for the critical oral arguments that could convince the Court Justices to alter constitutional law. A case arising from mistaken identity may well change how the Fourth Amendment is interpreted.

________________________________________________________________

1. Scarinci, D. (2020, August 18). When a gunshot is a “seizure” under the fourth amendment. Constitutional Law Reporter. https://constitutionallawreporter.com/2020/01/09/seizure-under-the-fourth-amendment/

2. Torres v. Madrid. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved August 20, 2020, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/2020/19-292

3. Barnitz, K. (2016, October 27) Woman shot by state police officers files lawsuit. Albuquerque Journal. https://www.abqjournal.com/875933/woman-shot-by-officers-files-lawsuit.html

4. Torres v. Madrid. (n.d.). SCOTUSblog. Retrieved August 20, 2020, from https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/torres-v-madrid/

5. Legal Defense Fund. (2020). LDF submits amicus brief urging Supreme Court to reaffirm constitutional protections for citizens shot by police officers. LDF. https://www.naacpldf.org/press-release/ldf-submits-amicus-brief-urging-supreme-court-to-reaffirm-constitutional-protections-for-citizens-shot-by-police-officers/

6. American Civil Liberties Union. (2019, October 3). Torres v. Madrid. ACLU. https://www.aclu.org/cases/torres-v-madrid

7. The Rutherford Institute. (2020, May 5). Federal courts rule that individuals shot by police but not immediately arrested may not sue police for wrongdoing under the fourth amendment. The Rutherford Institute. https://www.rutherford.org/publications_resources/on_the_front_lines/federal_courts_rule_that_individuals_shot_by_police_but_not_immediately_arrested_may_not_sue_police_for_wrongdoing_under_the_fourth_amendment

8. Neilly III, C. M. Schweikert, J. R. Metlitsky, A. Portnoi, D. D. Tully, D. J. Ickowitz, N. C. (October 2019). Brief of amicus curiae cato institute in support of petitioner. Cato Institute. https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/2019-12/Torres-v-Madrid-Cato-amicus-brief.pdf

9. Soronen, L. Prelogar, E. B. Allegra, F. Anderson, B. J. Detch, J. (2020, March 9). Brief of national association of counties, national league of cities, U.S. conference of mayors, international city/county management association, international municipal lawyer’s association, and national sheriff’s association as amici curiae in support of respondents. https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-292/137524/20200309153450248_19-292%20Torres%20v%20Madrid%20Amicus%20Brief.pdf

[spazhouseintuitiveresearch]

We strive to give you the best information for your business needs. The search for the simplest information can be hard to find, if you don’t know where to look or have the time to do it. We can help. #marketingstrategy @catoinstitute #researchanddesign #researchanddevelopment #advertising #zoning #geneaology #historical #problemsolving #criticalthinking #creativethinking #informationtechnology #information #library (at Riverside and Avondale) https://www.instagram.com/p/CDjgBlVDlKc/?igshid=1e64se5rivfdn

[lower-coast-times]

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[immigrationnewsdigest]

99.7% of All Migration Is Legal https://t.co/HRE1Pzy7em via @CatoInstitute https://t.co/v56wyqDJg3

— ImmigNewsDigest (@ImmigNewsDigest) September 24, 2017

[babyawacs]

#meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new  @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @thenatinterest @nationali nterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc @usairforce  https://register.cato.or g/meaning-european-defense? ****************** #keypoint  leads to interoperateability and jo int procurement until sth very bad happens as critical necessity to (!)giveaway nationalist co ntrol over own security matters and thisis exactly what is demanded here ******************** ofcourse european defense  has always been a pharce outside nato interoperateability eveninthe core drivers of the eu ie germanfrench joint brigades andsuch were at best symbolic the politi cal rivalries ineurope are real and get barely tamed over eu mechanisms but the mistrust of prag matic security layers meets atbest idealism or even  flowerishpathos the us screams for relief of natoburdens as itmust shift its focus the p acific while the realchallenges which drive any  n e w possible cooperation now is a world in utter instability eventhe humanism of fr ance turned pragmatic policy and promise seems like disbelief paradise comapred to many more mon strous than humane places onthis globe ********* is global instability and a russia pushed in to rogue roles enough to overcome severe pragmatic mistrust of plainlyrivalling interests atbes t small steps by steps towards greater integration and joint procurement had actually oh dec ades to materialise aaaaaand.  didnt ********* whats new  the appeasement policy ofthe eu the appeasement of refugee crisis exploiting d ictators does and will always lure more dictators evenmore so thistim e the lack of joint refugee policy as decoyed delayed badluck yougot some long border there badluck now sports itis a delicate balance of requiring slaves on fiel ds and slaves with it knowledge and elderlycare but how to integrate them keepthe itnegrateable or removethem after harvest season anything else is lull the defense strategy of a joint europe does not even want to share scientific secrets in joint development programs of military hardware. successful projects like airbus are civillian besides typhoon-ex france- : ...  ..a lphajet? fromthe military aspect the  the alig n of atleast 3 clusters by cultiral traditions of francophile anglophile and germanophile seem morelike a threat to europe ************ the powerful driver of  whats new that severe mistrust can be overcome in littlesteps towards a n integration noone seems to want barely inthe eu letalone military leads to interoperateabil ity and joint procurement until sth very bad happens as critical necessity to (!)giveaway nati onalist control over own security matters and thisis exactly what is demanded here ************ * I am Christian KISS BabyAWACS – Raw Indepen dent Sophistication #THINKTANK + #INTEL #HELLHOLE #BLOG https://www.BabyAWACS.com/ Inquiry@Baby AWACS.com PHONE / FAX +493212 611 34 64 Helpful? Pay. Support. Donnate. paypal.me/ChristianKiss

#meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new  @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @thenatinterest @nationali nterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc @usairforce  https://register.cato.or g/meaning-european-defense? ****************** #keypoint  leads to interoperateability and jo int procurement until sth very bad happens as critical necessity to (!)giveaway nationalist co ntrol over own security matters and thisis exactly what is demanded here ******************** ofcourse european defense  has always been a pharce outside nato interoperateability eveninthe core drivers of the eu ie germanfrench joint brigades andsuch were at best symbolic the politi cal rivalries ineurope are real and get barely tamed over eu mechanisms but the mistrust of prag matic security layers meets atbest idealism or even  flowerishpathos the us screams for relief of natoburdens as itmust shift its focus the p acific while the realchallenges which drive any  n e w possible cooperation now is a world in utter instability eventhe humanism of fr ance turned pragmatic policy and promise seems like disbelief paradise comapred to many more mon strous than humane places onthis globe ********* is global instability and a russia pushed in to rogue roles enough to overcome severe pragmatic mistrust of plainlyrivalling interests atbes t small steps by steps towards greater integration and joint procurement had actually oh dec ades to materialise aaaaaand.  didnt ********* whats new  the appeasement policy ofthe eu the appeasement of refugee crisis exploiting d ictators does and will always lure more dictators evenmore so thistim e the lack of joint refugee policy as decoyed delayed badluck yougot some long border there badluck now sports itis a delicate balance of requiring slaves on fiel ds and slaves with it knowledge and elderlycare but how to integrate them keepthe itnegrateable or removethem after harvest season anything else is lull the defense strategy of a joint europe does not even want to share scientific secrets in joint development programs of military hardware. successful projects like airbus are civillian besides typhoon-ex france- : …  ..a lphajet? fromthe military aspect the  the alig n of atleast 3 clusters by cultiral traditions of francophile anglophile and germanophile seem morelike a threat to europe ************ the powerful driver of  whats new that severe mistrust can be overcome in littlesteps towards a n integration noone seems to want barely inthe eu letalone military leads to interoperateabil ity and joint procurement until sth very bad happens as critical necessity to (!)giveaway nati onalist control over own security matters and thisis exactly what is demanded here ************ * I am Christian KISS BabyAWACS – Raw Indepen dent Sophistication #THINKTANK + #INTEL #HELLHOLE #BLOG https://www.BabyAWACS.com/ Inquiry@Baby AWACS.com PHONE / FAX +493212 611 34 64 Helpful? Pay. Support. Donnate. paypal.me/ChristianKiss

#meaning #of #european #defense #whats #new @catoinstitute @cato @msc @nato @otan @armeedelair @bundeswehronline @thenatinterest @nationalinterest @statedept @us_stratcom @bbc_whys @usnavy @usmc @usairforce https://register.cato.org/meaning-european-defense? ****************** #keypoint leads to interoperateability and joint procurement until sth very bad happens as critical necessity…

[denktanks]

@ MPNAdeBoer: Hoog tijd voor een Europees leger, zeggen ze bij de invloedrijke libertarische denktank Cato: NATO Summit 2019: The Remnants of a "Zombie Alliance" https://t.co/L6X69Ln90m via @CatoInstitute

Hoog tijd voor een Europees leger, zeggen ze bij de invloedrijke libertarische denktank Cato: NATO Summit 2019: The Remnants of a "Zombie Alliance" https://t.co/L6X69Ln90m via @CatoInstitute

— Marcel de Boer (@MPNAdeBoer) December 4, 2019