#choosing between software engineering vs cyber security

[educationtech]

Cybersecurity vs Ethical Hacking: Key Differences to Know Before Starting Your Career (2025)

Choosing between a career in cybersecurity and ethical hacking requires a clear understanding of their distinctions, responsibilities, skill requirements, and career prospects. While both fields aim to protect digital assets, their approaches, day-to-day roles, and long-term opportunities differ significantly.

Core Differences

Aspect

Cybersecurity

Ethical Hacking

Definition

Broad field focused on protecting systems, networks, and data from cyber threats and unauthorized access.

A subset of cybersecurity that involves authorized attempts to breach systems to identify vulnerabilities before malicious hackers do.

Primary Approach

Defensive: Implements policies, tools, and practices to secure systems.

Offensive: Simulates attacks to find and fix weaknesses.

Main Objective

Prevent, detect, and respond to cyber threats and maintain system integrity.

Identify, exploit, and report vulnerabilities to strengthen security.

Job Roles

Security Analyst, SOC Engineer, CISO, Security Consultant.

Penetration Tester, Security Manager, Red Team Specialist.

Work Environment

Ongoing monitoring, policy enforcement, system updates, and incident response.

Project-based testing, vulnerability assessments, and reporting.

Salary (India, 2025)

Average ₹11,83,087 per annum.

Average ₹6,15,012 per annum.

Cybersecurity: Overview and Career Path

What is Cybersecurity? Cybersecurity is the practice of safeguarding computer systems, networks, and data from cyberattacks, unauthorized access, and damage. It encompasses a wide range of strategies, including risk assessment, security architecture, threat detection, and incident response.

Key Responsibilities:

Develop and enforce security policies and protocols

Monitor systems for threats and respond to incidents

Regularly update and patch software and hardware

Conduct security audits and compliance checks

Collaborate with IT teams to ensure overall security posture

Skills Required:

Knowledge of security frameworks and compliance standards

Familiarity with firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and encryption

Analytical thinking and problem-solving

Strong understanding of network and system administration

Career Prospects: Cybersecurity is a rapidly growing field with a significant talent shortage, offering roles in both private and public sectors. Professionals can advance to leadership positions such as Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) or specialize in areas like cloud security, forensics, or governance.

Ethical Hacking: Overview and Career Path

What is Ethical Hacking? Ethical hacking, also known as penetration testing, involves authorized attempts to breach an organization’s systems to find and fix security flaws before malicious actors can exploit them. Ethical hackers use the same techniques as cybercriminals but with permission and for defensive purposes.

Key Responsibilities:

Simulate cyberattacks to test system defenses

Identify vulnerabilities and report findings

Recommend and verify remediation strategies

Document testing processes and results

Stay updated on the latest hacking techniques and tools

Skills Required:

Deep understanding of networks, operating systems (Windows, Linux), and protocols

Proficiency in programming and scripting

Creative, analytical, and adversarial thinking

Strong ethical standards and legal awareness

Career Prospects: Ethical hackers are in demand for their specialized skills in vulnerability assessment and penetration testing. They often work as consultants, in red teams, or as part of internal security teams. With experience, they can move into security management or advisory roles.

Which Career Path Should You Choose?

Choose Cybersecurity if you:

Prefer a broad, strategic, and defensive role

Enjoy continuous monitoring, policy enforcement, and system management

Aspire to leadership or specialized security positions

Value long-term stability and higher average salaries

Choose Ethical Hacking if you:

Enjoy hands-on, creative, and offensive security work

Like simulating attacks and thinking like a hacker

Prefer project-based or consulting roles

Want to specialize in penetration testing and vulnerability assessment

Conclusion

Arya College of Engineering & IT offers both courses which are cybersecurity and ethical hacking are vital to organizational security and offer strong career prospects in 2025. Cybersecurity provides a broader, more stable career path with higher average salaries, while ethical hacking offers a specialized, hands-on approach ideal for those who enjoy offensive security challenges. Assess your interests, strengths, and career goals to make an informed choice between these two dynamic fields.

[aryacollegeofengineering]

Cybersecurity vs Ethical Hacking: Identify the Differences Before Choosing a Career Option (2025)

Choosing between a career in cybersecurity and ethical hacking requires a clear understanding of their distinctions, responsibilities, skill requirements, and career prospects. While both fields aim to protect digital assets, their approaches, day-to-day roles, and long-term opportunities differ significantly.

Core Differences

Cybersecurity Aspects

Definition: Broad field focused on protecting systems, networks, and data from cyber threats and unauthorized access.

Primary Approach: Defensive: Implements policies, tools, and practices to secure systems.

Main Objective: Prevent, detect, and respond to cyber threats and maintain system integrity.

Job Roles: Security Analyst, SOC Engineer, CISO, Security Consultant.

Work Environment: Ongoing monitoring, policy enforcement, system updates, and incident response.

Salary (India, 2025): Average ₹11,83,087 per annum.

Ethical Hacking Aspects

Definition: A subset of cybersecurity that involves authorized attempts to breach systems to identify vulnerabilities before malicious hackers do.

Primary Approach : Offensive: Simulates attacks to find and fix weaknesses.

Main Objective: Identify, exploit, and report vulnerabilities to strengthen security.

Job Roles: Penetration Tester, Security Manager, Red Team Specialist.

Work Environment: Project-based testing, vulnerability assessments, and reporting.

Salary (India, 2025): Average ₹6,15,012 per annum.

 Cybersecurity: Overview and Career Path

What is Cybersecurity?

Cybersecurity is the practice of safeguarding computer systems, networks, and data from cyberattacks, unauthorized access, and damage. It encompasses a wide range of strategies, including risk assessment, security architecture, threat detection, and incident response.

Key Responsibilities:

Develop and enforce security policies and protocols

Monitor systems for threats and respond to incidents

Regularly update and patch software and hardware

Conduct security audits and compliance checks

Collaborate with IT teams to ensure overall security posture

Skills Required:

Knowledge of security frameworks and compliance standards

Familiarity with firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and encryption

Analytical thinking and problem-solving

Strong understanding of network and system administration

Career Prospects:

Cybersecurity is a rapidly growing field with a significant talent shortage, offering roles in both private and public sectors. Professionals can advance to leadership positions such as Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) or specialize in areas like cloud security, forensics, or governance.

Ethical Hacking: Overview and Career Path

What is Ethical Hacking?

Ethical hacking, also known as penetration testing, involves authorized attempts to breach an organization’s systems to find and fix security flaws before malicious actors can exploit them. Ethical hackers use the same techniques as cybercriminals but with permission and for defensive purposes.

Key Responsibilities:

Simulate cyberattacks to test system defenses

Identify vulnerabilities and report findings

Recommend and verify remediation strategies

Document testing processes and results

Stay updated on the latest hacking techniques and tools

Skills Required:

Deep understanding of networks, operating systems (Windows, Linux), and protocols

Proficiency in programming and scripting

Creative, analytical, and adversarial thinking

Strong ethical standards and legal awareness

Career Prospects:

Ethical hackers are in demand for their specialized skills in vulnerability assessment and penetration testing. They often work as consultants, in red teams, or as part of internal security teams. With experience, they can move into security management or advisory roles.

Which Career Path Should You Choose?

Choose Cybersecurity if you:

Prefer a broad, strategic, and defensive role

Enjoy continuous monitoring, policy enforcement, and system management

Aspire to leadership or specialized security positions

Value long-term stability and higher average salaries

Choose Ethical Hacking if you:

Enjoy hands-on, creative, and offensive security work

Like simulating attacks and thinking like a hacker

Prefer project-based or consulting roles

Want to specialize in penetration testing and vulnerability assessment

Conclusion

Arya College of Engineering & IT offers both courses which are cybersecurity and ethical hacking are vital to organizational security and offer strong career prospects in 2025. Cybersecurity provides a broader, more stable career path with higher average salaries, while ethical hacking offers a specialized, hands-on approach ideal for those who enjoy offensive security challenges. Assess your interests, strengths, and career goals to make an informed choice between these two dynamic fields.

Source: Click Here

[bestcollegedelhi]

BBA vs. BCA: Which is the Right Course for You?

Choosing the right undergraduate course after 12th grade is a crucial decision that shapes your future career. Among the most popular options for students inclined toward business and technology are BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration) and BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications). Both courses offer promising career paths, but selecting the right one depends on your interests, career goals, and industry trends.

In this blog, we will compare BBA vs. BCA based on various aspects such as course structure, career opportunities, skill development, and job prospects to help you make an informed decision.

What is BBA?

BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration) is a three-year undergraduate program that focuses on business management and administration. The course is designed to provide students with knowledge of marketing, finance, human resources, and entrepreneurship.

Key Subjects in BBA

Principles of Management

Business Economics

Marketing Management

Financial Accounting

Human Resource Management

Entrepreneurship Development

Business Law

Career Opportunities After BBA

Graduates of BBA can explore careers in various fields, including:

Marketing Manager

Business Analyst

Financial Advisor

HR Manager

Operations Executive

If you are interested in management, leadership roles, or starting your own business, BBA is the ideal course for you. To learn more about BBA programs, visit EIT Faridabad.

What is BCA?

BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications) is a three-year undergraduate course that focuses on computer programming, software development, and IT applications. This course is ideal for students who have a keen interest in coding, software development, and emerging technologies.

Key Subjects in BCA

Programming in C & C++

Data Structures

Database Management Systems

Web Development

Computer Networks

Operating Systems

Software Engineering

Career Opportunities After BCA

Graduates of BCA have a wide range of career options in the IT sector, such as:

Software Developer

Web Designer

Data Analyst

Cyber Security Analyst

System Administrator

If you are passionate about technology, programming, and software development, then BCA is the right course for you. Explore BCA programs at EIT Faridabad.

BBA vs. BCA: A Detailed Comparison

FeatureBBA (Bachelor of Business Administration)BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications)Focus AreaBusiness Management & AdministrationComputer Applications & ITKey SkillsLeadership, Communication, Problem-solving, Analytical ThinkingProgramming, Coding, Technical Knowledge, Problem-solvingCareer ScopeBanking, Marketing, HR, Sales, Business DevelopmentIT, Software Development, Cyber Security, Data ScienceFurther StudiesMBA, PGDMMCA, M.Sc. in IT, Certifications in ProgrammingJob RolesBusiness Analyst, Marketing Manager, HR ManagerSoftware Developer, Data Analyst, Cyber Security ExpertBest ForStudents interested in business, management, and entrepreneurshipStudents interested in programming, software, and technology

Which Course Should You Choose?

The choice between BBA and BCA depends on your interests and career aspirations:

Choose BBA if you are inclined towards management, business operations, and entrepreneurship.

Choose BCA if you are passionate about technology, programming, and IT industry.

Conclusion

Both BBA and BCA are excellent career choices with their own unique advantages. The decision should be based on your skills, passion, and long-term career goals. If you are still unsure, consulting with academic counselors or industry experts can help you make a more informed choice.

For more details on BBA and BCA programs, visit EIT Faridabad and explore the best courses to shape your future!

[bansalcollegeofengineering]

Network Engineer vs Software Engineer: Which Career Path is Right for You?

Technology continues to evolve rapidly, creating various career opportunities in the IT industry. Among the most sought-after roles are network engineers and software engineers. While both professions are essential in the digital world, they have distinct responsibilities, skill sets, and career paths. If you are considering a career in IT, understanding the difference between network engineer and software engineer can help you make an informed decision.

What is a Network Engineer?

A network engineer is responsible for designing, implementing, managing, and maintaining computer networks within an organisation. These professionals ensure that systems remain secure, efficient, and reliable. Their role involves working with hardware such as routers, switches, firewalls, and servers, ensuring seamless connectivity between devices.

Key Responsibilities of a Network Engineer

Designing and implementing network infrastructure

Configuring and maintaining network devices

Ensuring network security and troubleshooting issues

Monitoring network performance and optimising connectivity

Managing cloud networking and virtual private networks (VPNs)

Essential Skills for a Network Engineer

Strong understanding of networking protocols (TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP)

Proficiency in configuring network devices

Cybersecurity knowledge to prevent cyber threats

Problem-solving and analytical skills

Familiarity with cloud platforms and virtualisation

Best Computer Networking Certifications

If you are interested in becoming a network engineer, earning certifications can enhance your career prospects. Some of the best computer networking certifications include:

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

CompTIA Network+

Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE)

Juniper Networks Certified Internet Associate (JNCIA)

AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty

What is a Software Engineer?

A software engineer focuses on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining software applications. They work with programming languages, frameworks, and development tools to create software solutions that meet user needs. Unlike network engineers who focus on hardware and connectivity, software engineers specialise in writing and maintaining code.

Key Responsibilities of a Software Engineer

Writing and testing code for software applications

Developing mobile, web, and desktop applications

Debugging and fixing software issues

Collaborating with designers, developers, and stakeholders

Implementing software updates and security patches

Essential Skills for a Software Engineer

Proficiency in programming languages (Python, Java, C++, JavaScript)

Knowledge of software development methodologies (Agile, DevOps)

Strong problem-solving and debugging skills

Understanding of databases and cloud computing

Experience with version control systems like Git

Which Career is Right for You?

Choosing between network engineering and software engineering depends on your interests and skills. If you enjoy working with hardware, managing connectivity, and ensuring secure networks, a career in network engineering might be ideal for you. On the other hand, if you love coding, problem-solving, and building applications, software engineering could be the better path.

If you are interested in networking, earning one of the best computer networking certifications can help you stand out in the industry. However, if software development excites you, mastering programming languages and frameworks will be essential.

FAQs

1. Is network engineering harder than software engineering?

Both fields have their challenges. Network engineering requires deep knowledge of networking protocols and hardware, while software engineering demands strong coding skills and logical thinking. Your personal interests will determine which is easier for you.

2. Can a network engineer become a software engineer?

Yes, a network engineer can transition to software engineering by learning programming languages, algorithms, and development frameworks. Many networking professionals learn coding to automate network tasks.

3. Do software engineers earn more than network engineers?

Salaries vary based on experience, location, and industry. Generally, software engineers tend to earn higher salaries due to the demand for software development skills in various industries.

4. What are the best computer networking certifications for beginners?

If you are new to networking, starting with best computer networking certifications like CompTIA Network+ or Cisco CCNA is recommended. These certifications provide fundamental networking knowledge.

5. Which field has better job opportunities, network engineering or software engineering?

Both fields offer great job opportunities. Software engineering has broader applications across industries, while network engineering is essential for maintaining IT infrastructure. Your choice should align with your interests and career goals.

Conclusion

The difference between network engineer and software engineer lies in their focus, skill sets, and career paths. Network engineers ensure seamless connectivity and security of networks, while software engineers develop applications and systems that power businesses. Both careers offer excellent opportunities, and the choice depends on your passion and expertise. Whether you aim to become a network engineer or a software engineer, acquiring relevant skills and certifications will help you excel in your chosen field.

[uvation]

Firewall Evolution: From Gatekeepers to Intelligent Guardians

The digital landscape is a battlefield, with cybercriminals constantly evolving their tactics. To stay ahead, organizations must fortify their defenses with cutting-edge security solutions. Firewalls, once considered the first line of defense, are undergoing a radical transformation. Let's explore how next-generation technologies are redefining cybersecurity.

Traditional Firewalls vs. Next-Generation Firewalls

Traditional firewalls acted as gatekeepers, inspecting incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined rules. While effective against basic threats, they struggled to detect and prevent sophisticated attacks. Next-generation firewalls (NGFWs) are a quantum leap forward, integrating advanced features like deep packet inspection, intrusion prevention systems (IPS), and application control.

Next-generation firewalls offer a comprehensive approach to security, analyzing not just the source and destination of traffic but also the content, applications, and users involved. This granular visibility enables them to identify and block a wider range of threats, including zero-day attacks.

The Rise of AI-Powered Firewalls

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing cybersecurity, and firewalls are no exception. AI-powered firewalls leverage machine learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of data, identifying patterns and anomalies indicative of malicious activity. These ingenious systems can adapt to new threats in real-time, making them highly effective against evolving attack vectors.

Benefits of AI-powered firewalls include:

Improved threat detection: AI algorithms can identify subtle indicators of compromise that human analysts might miss.

Automated response: AI-driven firewalls can automatically block suspicious traffic or quarantine infected devices.

Reduced false positives: By learning from past incidents, AI can minimize the number of legitimate activities flagged as threats.

Implementing Machine Learning Firewalls

Integrating machine learning into firewall systems requires a robust data infrastructure and skilled cybersecurity professionals. The process involves collecting and analyzing vast amounts of network traffic data, training machine learning models, and fine-tuning them for optimal performance.

It's essential to strike a balance between accuracy and false positives. Overly sensitive models may block legitimate traffic, while overly permissive models can increase the risk of breaches.

Firewall Best Practices for Advanced Threats

To effectively combat advanced threats, organizations must adopt a layered security approach that includes firewalls as a critical component. Some of the best practices include:

Regular updates: Keep firewall software and firmware up-to-date with the latest security patches.

Strong password policies: Enforce complex passwords and multi-factor authentication.

Employee training: Educate employees about phishing, social engineering, and other cyber threats.

Incident response planning: Develop a comprehensive plan for responding to security incidents.

Firewalls and Cloud Security

As organizations increasingly adopt cloud computing, the role of firewalls has evolved. Cloud-based firewalls provide protection for applications and data hosted in the cloud. However, securing the connection between on-premises and cloud environments remains essential.

Integrating firewalls with other cloud security services, such as intrusion detection systems (IDS) and security information and event management (SIEM) platforms, is essential for a robust defense.

Choosing the Right Firewall for Your Business

Selecting the appropriate firewall depends on factors like organization size, industry, threat landscape, and budget. Small businesses may opt for cloud-based firewalls, while larger enterprises might require on-premises solutions.

Key considerations include:

Features and functionalities: Evaluate the firewall's capabilities based on your specific needs.

Performance: The firewall should not impact network performance.

Scalability: Consider your organization's growth plans.

Cost: Balance the cost of the firewall with its value in protecting your assets.

The threat landscape is constantly evolving, demanding innovative solutions to protect sensitive data and systems. Next-generation firewalls available at www.uvationmarketplace.com , powered by AI and machine learning, offer a robust defense against sophisticated cyberattacks. By understanding the capabilities of different firewall technologies and implementing best practices, organizations can significantly enhance their security posture.

[infowindtech09]

Flutter vs. Other Frameworks: Choosing the Right Tech Stack for Your Web Project

For online or mobile development projects to be successful, the correct flutter framework technological stack must be chosen. The term "technology stack" is used to describe the set of components utilized to create a software product. The project's scalability, performance, security, and maintenance may all be heavily influenced by this choice.

Choosing the suitable technology stack is critical since it establishes the basis for the development process. It is the key to understanding how the software will scale as its user base expands. The ability of a program to manage more users, more sophisticated features, and consistently high performance under pressure depends on the stack that supports it.

The technological stack also affects the security of the application. Built-in security features and community help for fixing vulnerabilities vary widely among frameworks and technologies. Choosing a stack with solid security features helps secure user data, prevent cyber attacks, and comply with rules and laws.

In addition, the technology stack used might affect how simple it is to do routine upkeep and provide new features. It is simpler to fix problems and add new features using a stack with comprehensive documentation, strong community support, and well-established best practices. On the other hand, compatibility concerns, a lack of resources for upgrades, and a shortage of developers are all problems that arise when using technologies that are no longer maintained.

Flutter, Xamarin, and React Native: A Comparison for Cross-Platform Mobile App Development

Flutter

In 2017, Google released Flutter, a free and open-source framework for building mobile apps on several platforms. It is one of the newest of these web development tools  frameworks, and it has become rather popular among front-end developers.

According to the report, 75.4% of developers choosing right tech Flutter above React Native (62.5%), making Flutter the third most popular framework overall.

React Native

React Native, created and released by Facebook in 2015, is another well-liked framework for creating mobile apps across several platforms. With React Native, programmers can write in JavaScript for most tasks and switch to Swift, Objective C, or Java for specific components. Because of its low barrier to entry, it has quickly become the language of choice among programmers.

According to Google Trends, React Native is now the most sought-after cross-platform app development framework, with Flutter and Xamarin following closely.

Therefore, you may either employ React Native developers or seek advice from the finest React Native development firm to create a React Native app.

The oldest of the three is Xamarin, released in 2011 and is a cross-platform mobile app development framework with open-source code.

Xamarin

In contrast to Xamarin, React Native has never been the platform of choice for new app creation. To get to the top, it had to brave the massive waves.

The following figure compares Xamarin's popularity with other cross-platform app frameworks from November 2015 to September 2016.

In mod-2017, you could notice fierce rivalry between React Native and Xamarin developers. In 2018, however, React Native overtook Xamarin as the dominant option among cross-platform SDKs.

How to Build the Perfect Technology Platform for Your Website or Mobile App The tools in your Project Tech stack are crucial because they allow you to create software. As a result, do not discount the value of study and analysis in making a good choice of tools.

A wrong choice of technology may lead to the loss of money, time, and other vital resources for your project. You will need a good business analyst and seasoned engineers to avoid hazards while selecting your tech stack.

Establishing the Foundation

What are the expectations of the project? This is a crucial clue. If you do not know what you want from the project, picking a software development stack wastes time.

You may be wondering, "Who exactly am I writing for?" When and where do they plan to utilize your app? Which one of these active gadgets is the most well liked? Is it a Smartphone or a desktop PC?

For instance, web applications need an entirely different set of resources than mobile applications. Even inside mobile apps, the stacks you require for Android and iOS development differ.

Next, you should make plans based on your determination of whether or not you need a single or multi-platform solution, selecting the most appropriate technology stack. Remember that if you are developing a minimum-viable product. To reduce software development expenses and get timely feedback from your target audience, focus on the platform they most widely use.

The Need for Scalability

The role of a tech stack in the scalability of an application is to make provision for the rise in users and functionalities. Your team of engineers has to choose a technology stack that can accommodate the addition of exciting new features, the expansion of your user base, and any seasonal spikes in traffic.

Your scalability plan must account for horizontal scaling, in which many application servers work together to manage user traffic, and vertical scaling, in which more programs are added to process additional data. When the storms hit, horizontal and vertical scaling will save your app from collapsing.

How Much Your Tech Stack Will Set You Back

Those who believe that money cannot buy happiness are wrong. Besides, you get what you pay for. It should come as no surprise that cost is a significant factor when deciding on a technological stack for a software development project. It is important to remember, too, that many widely used, open-source IT frameworks and applications are available for no cost.

Nevertheless, if you anticipate needing more sophisticated or specialized functionality, you will have to pay a monthly or annual membership price. There is the possibility of incurring licensing fees and regular upkeep expenses. 

Conclusion

Cross-platform mobile app development comes up with various benefits otherwise unavailable in native development services.

Cross-platform mobile app development has several benefits but has some drawbacks that make it significantly less effective than native app development. For more details check out Infowindtech.

[ibrinfotech]

Know why Mean Stack is great for startups

Individuals own 70% of all small companies in the United States. In the United States, you can create a business in as little as six days. You’ll need a strong web presence if you have a company idea and want to establish a business in the United States. You’ll need to understand the MEAN vs MERN stack for this.It’s because both are essential technological stacks for any app or online development. You can’t understand the MEAN versus MERN stack if you don’t understand the technological stack. Although you may trust your app or website developers with anything, it’s a good idea to know what technologies they’re working with.

The creation of a minimum viable product (MVP) for a startup is a crucial stage. Choosing the correct technology stack for development is critical for your product’s time to market, reliability, and scalability. MEAN stack has been highly popular among startups in recent years, and in this article, we’ll look at why many software startups select MEAN stack development as their preferred development platform.

Switching between client and server, MEAN Stack development services is a scalable solution

The MEAN stack aids scalability by requiring developers to write code in just JavaScript on both the server and client sides. Developers can easily deploy the program on the server using Node.js instead of using a stand-alone server. The stack includes a variety of extra libraries, frameworks, and reusable modules that speed up development. Auto-sharding and replication are two characteristics that make it easy to scale the product without fear of failure.

CloudDevelopment

With mean stack cloud environments like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Microsoft Azure, Heroku, Digital Ocean, and others, you can quickly deploy your web app in minutes, saving thousands of dollars in hardware and software deployment costs, as well as time spent setting up servers yourself.

Open Source

All of the MEAN stack components are open-source and continuously updated, allowing developers to tailor the code to their specific requirements. Data is transferred between the frontend and the backend using a JavaScript object, which makes development easier.

Cost-Effective

Working with the MEAN stack is advantageous for startups because they do not need to engage multiple programmers to complete a single project. Because JavaScript is the core language for all frameworks, JavaScript engineers may handle all development tasks while sharing code for reuse across the stack.

Time-Savy

MEAN has a large number of Node.js modules and libraries that may be utilized at any moment. These libraries are necessary because they save time and allow developers to avoid having to build modules from scratch. Node.js is based on Google’s V8 JIT-compiled JavaScript engine, which quickly executes and compiles JavaScript code to machine code. This MEAN feature contributes significantly to the acceleration of development.

Full Stack Support

MongoDB, Express, AngularJS, and Node.js, or MEAN for short, are four distinct full-stack technologies that can be combined to create powerful real-time applications. When scaling up from a startup to a high-traffic site, they have a combined performance that can also be increased by caching, so there is no need to rewrite from scratch.

Faster Data-Communication

JSON distributes data between layers in a seamless manner, eliminating the need to rewrite the code. The MEAN stack employs JSON as the data interchange format between all levels, therefore there is no need to rewrite or format the code. Data flows across layers are faster lastly.

Isomorphic Code

Isomorphic coding is possible with the MEAN stack. It allows frontend and backend developers to use Javascript. This is advantageous in a startup since the coding resource may be put to good use. One of the key reasons for the stack’s popularity is because of this.

Secure & Stable Platform

Because cyber-attacks are the main hazards in the online business platform, developing a safe web application is always a top priority. MongoDB is a non-relational database that allows JSON objects and is affected by SQL strings, resulting in a secure database. MongoDB is a NoSQL and document database that may be used in a wide range of applications. When it comes to Node.js, it uses middleware to limit the number of simultaneous requests, removes packages to encrypt them, alters the HTTP response header, and much more.

The Bottom Line

This blog’s information on the MEAN vs MERN stack will assist you in determining which tech stack is best for your startup. The relevance of both the tech stacks cannot be overstated. In both MERN and MEAN stacks, IBR Infotech can create an app or a website. It has a talented development staff that has worked on a variety of projects. Now is the time to go to their website and contact them.

[icasbay]

SaaS vs PaaS vs IaaS: What’s The Difference?

The cloud is a popular topic for small companies all the way to multinational companies, but it becomes a broad concept that covers a lot of online area. As you start to consider moving your company to the cloud, whether for application or network delivery, knowing the drawbacks and advantages of the different cloud providers is more important than ever.

Cloud service typically has three models to compare: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Each one has its own advantages as well as variances, and the variations between SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS have to be understood to know how to choose the best one for your company.

SaaS: Software as a Service

The most widely used alternative for companies in the cloud industry is software as a service, also defined as cloud application services. SaaS uses the Internet to deliver applications to its users which are managed by a third-party vendor. A lot of SaaS applications run directly through your web browser, ensuring that no updates or installations on the client side are needed.

SaaS Delivery

SaaS eliminates the need for downloads and installation of applications by IT management on each single computer because of its web delivery model. With SaaS, providers handle all possible technical problems, including data, middleware, servers and storage, thereby simplifying business service and support.

SaaS Advantages

It offers various benefits to people and businesses by decreasing the time and money spent on repetitive tasks such as installing, managing and upgrading software, thereby giving technical staff plenty of time to spend on more pressing problems and issues within the company.

SaaS Characteristics

There are a few ways to help you determine when SaaS is being utilized:

Managed from a central location

Hosted on a remote server

Accessible over the internet

Users not responsible for hardware or software updates

When to Use SaaS

SaaS may be the most beneficial option in several situations, including:

Startups or small companies that need to launch ecommerce quickly and don’t have time for server issues or software

Short-term projects that require quick, easy, and affordable collaboration

Applications that aren’t needed too often, such as tax software

Applications that need both web and mobile access

SaaS Limitations and Concerns

Vendor lock-in. Providers can make joining a company easy and it’s hard to get out of that. For example, data might not be portable–technically or cost-effectively–over other vendors ‘ SaaS apps without incurring significant cost or rework in-house engineering.

Lack of integration support. Deep integration with on-site apps, data, and services is required by many companies. In this way, the SaaS provider will offer limited assistance, requiring companies to invest internal resources in the design and management of integrations.

Data security. Large volumes of data may need to be exchanged to SaaS apps ‘ backend data centers to perform the software functionality required. In addition to significant costs for migrating large data workloads, the transfer of sensitive business information to a public cloud-based SaaS service may result in compromised security and compliance.

Lack of control. SaaS solutions involve granting third party service provider access. Such controls are not limited to the software–related to version, changes, or appearance–but also to data and management. Therefore, customers may need to redefine their data security and governance models to fit the SaaS service’s features and functionality.

Feature limitations. Since SaaS applications frequently come in a standardized way, the selection of features can compromise safety, cost, performance and other organizational policies. Alternatively, vendor lock-in, cost or security concerns could mean that it is not feasible to move vendors or services in the future to meet new feature requirements.

Performance and downtime. As the manufacturer manages and administers the SaaS program, the clients now rely on vendors to ensure the protection and efficiency of the service. Despite appropriate Service Level Agreement (SLA) protections in place, planned and unplanned maintenance, cyber-attacks or network problems can impact the performance of the SaaS app.

Examples of SaaS

These are several popular examples of SaaS, including: Google GSuite (Apps), Dropbox, Salesforce, Cisco WebEx, SAP Concur, and GoToMeeting.

PaaS: Platform as a Service

Cloud platform services, also known as Platform as a Service (PaaS), give some good software with cloud components, when being used primarily for applications. PaaS provides developers with a system that they can build on and utilize to produce custom apps. The company or a third-party vendor can handle all servers, storage and networking while the developers can maintain program management.

PaaS Delivery

The PaaS delivery model is similar to SaaS, except for when PaaS offers a software platform for creation rather than providing the software over the Internet. This system is distributed over the internet, giving developers the ability to focus on developing the app without thinking about operating systems, software updates, storage or infrastructure.

PaaS enables companies to design and create applications that have special software components built into the PaaS. These applications, sometimes referred to as middleware, are scalable and highly available since they take on certain cloud features.

PaaS Advantages

No matter the size of your company, using PaaS offers numerous advantages, including:

Simple, cost-effective development and deployment of apps

Scalable

Highly available

Developers can customize apps without the headache of maintaining the software

Significant reduction in the amount of coding needed

Automation of business policy

Easy migration to the hybrid model

PaaS Characteristics

PaaS has many characteristics that define it as a cloud service, including:

Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scale up or down as your business changes

Provides a variety of services to assist with the development, testing, and deployment of apps

Accessible to numerous users via the same development application

Integrates web services and databases

When to Use PaaS

The use of PaaS in several situations is useful, sometimes necessary. For example, if multiple developers work on the same development project, PaaS can streamline workflows. PaaS can offer a high rate and flexibility for the entire process if other vendors are to be include. PaaS is particularly helpful if custom applications must be built. This cloud service can also significantly reduce costs and eliminate other problems if you quickly develop or deploy an app.

PaaS Limitations and Concerns

Data security. Organizations can use PaaS software to manage their apps and services, but data from third-party cloud servers with supplier-control raise security risks and concerns. Your security choices may be limit because customers cannot enforce special hosting policies.

Vendor lock-in. In the future, business and technical requirements which drive decisions for a particular PaaS solution may not apply. Where the vendor has not provided convenient migration policies, it may not be possible to switch to alternative PaaS options without affecting the business.

Customization of legacy systems. PaaS might not be a plug-and-play solution for outdated mobile apps and services. Instead, some customizations and configuration changes may be necessary to work with the PaaS service for the legacy systems. The resulting customisation will lead to a complex IT system that can totally restrict the value of the PaaS investment.

Runtime issues. In relation to limitations associate with specific apps and services, PaaS solutions might not be optimize to suit your choice of language and frameworks. With the PaaS service, particular framework versions may not be available or perform optimally. With the platform, clients may not be able to develop customized dependencies.

Operational limitation. With PaaS applications, personalized cloud operations with management automation workflows may not apply, as the application appears to restrict end-user operating capacities. While this is design to reduce the operational burden on end users, the loss of operational control can affect how PaaS solutions are controll, supply, and operate.

Examples of PaaS

Popular examples of PaaS include AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App Engine, and OpenShift.

IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service

Cloud infrastructure services, known as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), are compose of highly scalable, automate computing resources. For computers, networking, storage and other service access and monitoring, IaaS is fully self-service IaaS enables businesses to buy on-demand and as-needed resources instead of purchasing hardware outright.

IaaS Delivery

IaaS provides the cloud computing infrastructure through virtualization technology, including servers, network, operating systems, and storage. Usually, these cloud services are delivere to the enterprise via a dashboard or an API, allowing IaaS clients full control over the entire infrastructure.

IaaS offers the same technology and functionality as a conventional data center without the need to operate or handle all of it physically. IaaS clients still have direct access to their servers and storage, but everything is outsource in the cloud via a “virtual data center”.

Unlike SaaS or PaaS, IaaS clients are responsible for the management of things such as programs, runtime, operating systems, middleware, and results. But, IaaS companies handle the servers, hard drives, networking, virtualizing, and processing. Some providers even provide more services beyond the virtualization layer, such as databases or queuing messages.

IaaS Advantages

IaaS offers many advantages, including:

The most flexible cloud computing model

Easy to automate deployment of storage, networking, servers, and processing power

Hardware purchases can be based on consumption

Clients retain complete control of their infrastructure

Resources can be purchase as-needed

Highly scalable

IaaS Characteristics

Characteristics that define IaaS include:

Resources are available as a service

Cost varies depending on consumption

Services are highly scalable

Multiple users on a single piece of hardware

Organization retain complete control of the infrastructure

Dynamic and flexible

When to Use IaaS

Just like with SaaS and PaaS, when IaaS is most useful there are specific situations.

Startups and small businesses that prefer IaaS to avoid spending time and money on hardware and software purchases and creations. Larger companies may want to retain full control of their software and infrastructure, but they only want to purchase what they actually consume or need. Organizations experiencing rapid growth need IaaS scalability, and as their requirements expand, they can easily change new hardware and software. Whenever you’re unsure of the demands of a new application, IaaS offers plenty of flexibility and scalability.

IaaS Limitations and Concerns

Many limitations associated with SaaS and PaaS models – such as data security, cost overruns, and vendor lock-in and customization issues – also apply to the IaaS model. Particular limitations to IaaS include:

While the customer controls the software, files, middleware, and OS layer, the host or other virtual machines (VMs) may still provide security threats. Insider threat or device vulnerabilities can expose unauthorized entities to data communication between the host infrastructure and VMs.

Legacy systems operating in the cloud. Although customers can run legacy cloud apps, the infrastructure may not be design to provide specific controls to secure the legacy apps. Minor enhancement of legacy apps may be necessary before migrating to the cloud, possibly leading to new security issues unless adequately tested for safety and performance in IaaS systems.

Internal resources and training. For the workforce, additional resources and training may be need to learn how to manage the infrastructure effectively. Data security, recovery, and business continuity will be the responsibility of clients. Nonetheless, due to inadequate oversight of the infrastructure, it can be difficult to monitor and manage the resources without sufficient in-house training and resources.

Multi-tenant security. Additional resources and training may be need for the work force to learn how to effectively manage the infrastructure. Clients will be responsible for data security, recuperation and business continuity. Nonetheless, due to inadequate infrastructure oversight, it can be difficult to monitor. It manage resources without sufficient in-house training and resources.

Examples of IaaS

Popular examples of IaaS include DigitalOcean, Linode, Rackspace, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metacloud, Microsoft Azure, and Google Compute Engine (GCE).

SaaS vs PaaS vs IaaS

Each cloud model offers specific features and functionalities, and understanding the differences is crucial to your organization. Whether you need cloud-based storage solutions apps, a seamless framework that allows you to build personalized programs. Or complete control over your entire infrastructure without having to maintain it physically, there’s a cloud service for you. No matter which choice you select, the future of business and technology is a migration to the cloud.

SaaS vs PaaS vs IaaS

https://www.casbay.com/blog/tips-sharing/saas-vs-paas-vs-iaas-whats-the-difference/

[technuter]

Lenovo Launches New Generation of ThinkPad and ThinkCentre PCs, Engineered for Workforce of the future

Lenovo launched the new generation of ThinkPad and ThinkCentre PCs and announced its foray into commercial IoT and security solutions. The new range of solutions from Lenovo are AI-enabled and provide smarter productivity, connectivity and security experiences, leading the way towards intelligent transformation for enterprises. The future of workplace is undergoing a paradigm shift and by 2020 more than 36% of the Indian workforce will be comprised of millennials as per an industry report. The workplace of the future demands always-on connectivity and smarter security, giving them the flexibility to be productive, anytime and anywhere. Lenovo's vision of Intelligent Transformation is about merging the needs of the customers with the most secure end-user experience to unlock the fullest productivity of the workforce.

Lenovo's newly launched smarter enterprise PC portfolio includes ThinkPad T490 and X390, ThinkCentre Nano and Nano IoT, ThinkPad P43s and ThinkPad P1 Gen 2 mobile workstations. Lenovo also showcased the ThinkVision 43.3-inch P44w ultra-wide dual-display monitor and ThinkSmart Hub 500, a smarter conferencing solution. Under solutions, Lenovo announced ThinkShield 2.0, a 360degree security platform intended to secure devices through the entire product life cycle, right from the manufacturing and supply chain, ensuring that devices entering the enterprise segment aren't infected or compromised before they are even turned on. It also announced ThinkPad PrivacyGuard for the new range of ThinkPad laptops, a unique software feature which protects the end users screen from prying eyes. Speaking at the launch, Rahul Agarwal, CEO & MD, Lenovo India, said, "At Lenovo, we understand that today's workforce is seeking devices that offer intuitive, secure features and a faster, higher performance to improve their workday. ThinkPad is here to help them accomplish their most important goals. ThinkPad features industry-leading security with ThinkShield and AI-powered PrivacyGuard made for business customers on the go. Security of Identity, data, devices and online presence is a CIOs primary concerns and through our new range of smarter device portfolio combined with security solutions, we wish to address these concerns throughout the product lifecycle." Lenovo's Smarter ThinkPad and ThinkCentre portfolio ThinkCentre Nano & Nano IoT Lenovo ThinkCentre M90n: Designed to deliver powerful performance in an ultra-portable size, the ThinkCentre M90n is the most compact commercial desktop series in the world. Models are one-third the size of the ground-breaking ThinkCentre Tiny and bring up to 30 percent energy savings annually vs. traditional desktops. This makes them perfect for deploying in dense call centers or in environments where space is constrained. With the smallest form factor in the market, ThinkCentre M90n-1 Nano brings space-saving convenience and manageability to any vertical user because it can fit virtually anywhere – behind the monitor, under a table, or on a bookshelf, offering a clutter-free shared-desk work environment. ThinkCentre Nano can be conveniently powered by a compatible USB Type-C monitor or Type-C dock, thereby providing rich I/O possibilities to meet your every business need. Lenovo ThinkCentre M90n-1 Nano IoT: Built to be energy-efficient with an amazingly quiet fan-less design, the ThinkCentre M90n-1 Nano IoT has a broader thermal range (0-50 °C) and is designed for higher vibration and thermal environments like manufacturing. As a secure IoT Gateway, the ThinkCentre Nano IoT is designed to provide processing and security for the IoT devices you have in your environment that demand real-time responsiveness at the edge. The Nano IoT increases responsiveness and reliability by enabling the rapid relay of information between connected IoT peripherals, sensors and devices, even in harsher commercial environments. Customers can drive further expansion of additional legacy ports and peripherals with the expansion I/O Box to build out to your edge device needs. The suite of IoT offerings includes but not limited to, smart office surveillance and access controls using facial recognition, warehousing automation and smarter retail using computer vision. This comprises an end to end solution encompassing camera-based sensors, Nano IoT based gateways and associated software and services. Lenovo ThinkPad T490 Laptop series- Stay productive on the go   Lenovo ThinkPad T490: Combined with the power of i7 8th generation Intel Core processors, NVIDIA graphics, and rich audio and display features, the T490 is designed for today's multitasking professionals. With a premium, lightweight design and 22% thinner bezel, this device looks good while delivering business-class performance. The laptop is just 17.9mm thin and weight starting 1.46 kg, making it extremely portable. It comes with an impressive display selection, including the stunning 500 nit, WQHD Dolby Vision™ panel, or a new, brighter 400 nit FHD display. For a great audio experience, Lenovo ThinkPad T490 features Dolby Audio Premium™, featuring two up-firing speakers and dual far-field microphones for improved conferencing audio. The ThinkPad 490 laptops come with the option of Lenovo's proprietary Security solution- ThinkPad PrivacyGuard which protects the end users screen from prying eyes, with just a touch of a button. ThinkPad P43s and ThinkPad P1 (Gen 2) Lenovo ThinkPad P43s is amongst the smallest and lightest portable workstations available today, and comes with a WQHD 2560 x 1440 500-niy display that supports 100% Adobe color gamut and Dolby Vision HDR technology. It supports upto 2GB DDR5 NVIDIA Quadro P520 Lenovo ThinkPad P1 is supercharged with Intel Xeon processors and supports 4GB NVIDIA Quadro P1000 discrete graphics to support Client AI. Many AI initiatives start with prototyping before scaling infrastructure and the ThinkPad P1 is ideal for businesses to start the AI journey. ThinkSmart Hub 500 The ThinkSmart Hub 500 is an all-in-one purpose built device that simplifies meetings by making meetings start with a single click without the usual connection and sharing hassles. It reduces clutter, consolidates audio and video conferencing, VOIP and PSTN phones into a single unit and eliminates the need for separate speakers and phones for meeting rooms. Lenovo's Smarter Enterprise Security Solution for today's on-the-go workforce ThinkShield security solutions- Stay one step ahead of the cyber criminals Lenovo earlier had announced its ThinkShield- 360 degree security solutions built to protect businesses. ThinkShield is a fully customizable suite of security related services, software and hardware capabilities that protect the full lifecycle of commercial devices, from development to disposal. The ThinkShield portfolio is designed to provide greater security across all Lenovo enterprise devices, data centers and emerging solutions. It has been further enriched with new capabilities like a Self-healing BIOS and ThinkShield engine. In partnership with Coronet, Lenovo ThinkShield provides Wi-Fi security, preventing users from accessing insecure networks. Businesses can choose a unique multi-factor authentication process for employees from Lenovo's robust offerings, many of which are supported by the Intel vPro platform. ThinkPad PrivacyGuard- Secure your work from those snooping eyes The new range of ThinkPad laptops comes with Lenovo's ThinkPad PrivacyGuard which protects the end users screen from prying eyes. ThinkPad Privacy Alert is a unique software feature that warns users if anyone is looking at their screen, and if so, it will automatically turn on Privacy Guard. With Lenovo's ThinkPad PrivacyGuard, users need not worry about physical privacy guard film or adhesive connectors. Hence, to prevent someone from trying to sneak a peek at the laptop screen while you are working on a confidential excel sheet or presentation, the user can activate PrivacyGuard on the ThinkPad that can dim the display with the touch of a button, making it extremely difficult for anyone to view it from the side. The related Privacy Alert works in conjunction with the PrivacyGuard and the ThinkPad's IR depth camera, and can sound an alert if it "sees" anyone looking over the user's shoulder. Read the full article

[ia6441blog]

Week 2 Lecture

Security by Design

compartmentalisation

design the system so that if one part fails the whole system does not

like a submarine or ship

 Colors of a security engineer

Trust no one

especially not users

Defense in depth

don’t build single points of failure

segment confidential data

concentric defenses that protect each other

like the multiple walls of a castle

compartmentalize system

stop system from breaking when one thing fails

Security by design

build security in from the beginning, dont let it be an afterthought

Apes vs Ants - 2 types of complexity

Apes

complex relationships between individuals

can change roles

Ants

individually simple

complexity in society and colony

rigid roles

Bell LaPadua

Security model used by governments

enforces access controls

Physical security

if someone gets physical access consider the machine compromised

software runs on the computer, if the computer is physically tampered with it’s game over

side channels

when you do something in the cyber world, theres a physical trace

record a video of someone typing their password, its easier than cracking encryption

hardware attacks

liquid nitrogen to freeze RAM and then read it later

Vigenere Cipher

Choose a password

Repeat the password until it matches the length of the plaintext

Add both strings to get the ciphertext

Kasiski test

Look for repetitions and solve them as multiple Caesar ciphers

Index of coincidence

 check global distribution of letter

can tell you if its a monoalphabetic or polyalphabetic cipher

Use letter frequency to make it easier to crack

Enigma Machine

Encryption machine used by Nazi Germany in WWII

Electromechanical rotor mechanism

Substitution based

Cracked because:

they used stereotypical expressions

repeated message keys

guessable keys

retransmitted messages with weaker ciphers that allowed them to figure out the enigma keys

letters can’t correspond to themselves - made it easier to crack

One Time Pads

Uncrackable if used properly

Key is preshared

Key is completely random

Like vigenere except the key is equal length to the plaintext

Each key is only used once

Type I & II Errors

Type I

False positive

E.g. a medical test saying you do have a disease when in reality you do not

Type II

False negative

E.g. a medical test saying you do not have a disease when in reality you do

You have to balance these 2

Courts have to balance this

What is worse, imprisoning innocent people, or letting guilty people go free

Doctors and scientists have to balance this

Does the medicine actually work?

How accurate are the diagnostic tests?

Insiders

Security can often be broken by insiders due to corruption and self-interest.

ANU Hack

I’d suggest that UNSW use their resources. UNSW has some of the best cyber security students, tutors and lecturers in NSW let alone Australia. Maybe offer a course evaluating UNSW systems?

[bestonlinemarketingcompany]

Key Differences between Python and Java

Both Python and Java are widely used general purpose programming language. According to the latest TIOBE Programming Community Index, Java is more popular than Python. At present, developers use Java and Python for developing a wide variety of desktop applications and web applications. Both programming languages are also used widely for machine learning and data science.

But Java, unlike Python, is one of the two official programming languages for Android. Java was designed with the goal to enable developers to build software applications with minimal implementation dependencies, where Python is the only programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes on code readability. Hence, it becomes essential for programmers to understand the key differences between Python and Java.

Comparing Top Two Programming Languages of 2018: Python vs. Java

Type of Programming Language

Both Python and Java are high-level programming languages. But Python is an interpreted programming language. The developers have to use operating system specific Python interpreters to execute the Python code directly. They even have option to choose from several implementations of the programming language. On the other hand, Java is a compiled programming language. The Java code is initially compiled into bytecode that runs on any device or platform with Java Virtual Machine. The developers can further port the compiled Java code from one platform to another seamlessly.

Programming Paradigm Support

Each of the two programming languages supports a number of commonly used programming paradigms. In addition to being an object oriented programming language, Python also supports functional, imperative, and procedural programming paradigms. Java was originally developers as an object oriented, concurrent, and class-based programming language. But it has been evolving consistently. Java 8 treats functions as the first class citizens, while supporting key functional programming concepts like lambda expressions.

Code Readability

Unlike Java, Python emphasizes explicitly on code readability. It even enables programmers to keep the code base clean, readable, and concise. Many developers prefer Python to other programming languages to avoid writing additional code and keep applications maintainable. Each new version of Java comes with a number of new language features to simplify software development. Java 9 helps developers to accelerate software development and maintenance by structuring the software applications with modules. Each module is further designed as a reusable collection of code. But the developers have to put extra time and effort to keep the Java code organized and maintainable.

Standard Library

While writing code in Python, the programmers can take advantage of its large and comprehensive standard library. The Python libraries make it easier for programmers to write a variety of software applications and complete a number of software development tasks. The developers even have option to choose from over 130000 Python packages including graphical user interface, database, multimedia, web frameworks, testing frameworks, automation, system administration, text processing, image processing and scientific computing. At the same time, Java also allows developers to choose from a wide range of libraries according to their specific needs. The developers can even choose from core, integration, and user interface libraries. However, Python still scores over Java in the category of standard library.

Performance and Speed

Both Java and Python lack the optimal speed required to facilitate high performance computing. But Java Virtual Machine (JVM) speeds up Java code execution through just-in-time (JIT) compilation. The JIT compiler compiles the bytecode to native machine code more quickly. Also, Java makes software applications run faster by supporting concurrency. On the other hand, the developers can accelerate Python code execution through several implementations of the programming language. For instance, they can use Jython to compile the Python code into Java bytecode, and Cython to compile the Python code into C/C++ code. The multiple implementations help programmers to optimize execution speed of Python applications.

Mobile App Development

At present, Java is one of the two official programming languages for world’s most popular operating system. A large percentage of developers nowadays use Java for building apps and games for Android platform. The even have option to write Android apps and games in Java efficiently by availing a number of robust frameworks and development tools. But the developers lack any option to use Python for building native mobile apps for any mobile platforms. They can still develop Python-based cross-platform mobile apps by using libraries like Kivy. The developers have to put extra time and effort the make the Python-based apps deliver optimal user experience.

Machine Learning and Data Science

Python is used widely by enterprises for scientific computing, big data, and artificial intelligence projects. Also, it is currently most preferred programming language for machine learning and data science. A large percentage of data scientists and machine learning programmers even prefer Python to Java while working on sentiment analysis. However, many machine learning programmers opt for Java while they work on projects related to network security, cyber attack prevention, and fraud detection.

Agile and DevOps

A steady increase is being noted in the enterprises adopting agile development methodology to deliver high quality software applications rapidly. Likewise, many organizations nowadays opt for DevOps to accelerate the software development, testing, and deployment processes. Both Java and Python enables enterprises to adopt new project management methodologies like agile and DevOps. As Java features a static type system, it becomes easier for programmers to simplify refactoring. At the same time, Python helps developers to automate refactoring by featuring a dynamic type system. Also, its simple and expressive syntax rules enable Python programmers to experiment with varied ideas.

Learning Curve

As highlighted by a number of studies, beginners find it easier to learn Python to Java. The simple and expressive syntax rules of Python make it easier for beginners to start writing software applications. Also, the beginners are not required to put extra time and effort to keep codebase clean and readable. On the other hand, Java requires beginners to write additional code to express concepts and accomplish common tasks. But many beginners still opt for Java to learn a programming language that enables them to build mobile apps for Android platform.

On the whole, both Python and Java are robust programming languages. Despite being mature programming languages, they are currently being used for artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science. Hence, it becomes essential for programmers to compare Python and Java based on specific needs of each software development project.

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[robertbryantblog]

How To Install Php Extension Xsl In Xampp

Why Mysql Manager Vs Project Manager

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[quickclickhosting]

Can Web Design And Hosting Vs Shared Hosting

How Many Vps On Dedicated Server

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[security---engineering]

Week 2 Lecture 1

This time we start of the lecture looking at the ANU Data breaches (I also tweeted about this! https://twitter.com/insecurebutsafe/status/1139129523234992129)

========================================================= How safe is your computer? Don’t let the bugs in! Install and update anti-virus software and set it to scan regularly. Click here to get a free copy of Symantec Antivirus, available to all currently enrolled students of UNSW.

Ex: ANU hack - what would you advise UNSW VC:

Don’t hire consultants -> can be a big vulnerabilities

White-hat hackers(penetration testers) to test security, find vulnerabilities

Defense in depth -Set it up so if one thing breaks the whole thing doesn’t fail

Ex: Consider and analyse the UNSW cyber email - what is the likely objective? How successful is it in achieving that objective?

Here is the email that all staffs and students receive:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ANU Data Breach: Staying Safe at UNSW

Dear students,

You may be aware of the recent Australian National University (ANU) data breach. Personal details of students and staff going back as far as 19 years were accessed in a "sophisticated" breach that was detected on 17 May 2019.

While UNSW has technical controls in place, careless behaviour and user errors remain the weakest links in cyber security. Breaches of security can occur through social media, emails or visiting websites infected with malware. Cyber criminals can infiltrate your computer and UNSW IT systems to steal personal and other sensitive information.

There are several things you can do to protect your data both at UNSW and home: 

Tips for staying safe online from Stay Smart Online

Avoid being scammed. Stop and think before you click. UNSW will never ask you for your username or password. Before you click on

links

and attachments, always check the sender's address and verify any links as trusted. If in doubt, contact the sender via other means to check.

You don’t share your toothbrush so why share your passwords? Be smart. Don't share your passwords. Choose complex passwords and keep them secure.

How safe is your computer? Don’t let the bugs in! Install and update anti-virus software and set it to scan regularly.

to get a free copy of Symantec Antivirus, available to all currently enrolled students of UNSW.

 One small step for you, one giant leap for your online safety. Keep your software, operating systems and applications up to date. Always lock your computer when unattended.

 Don’t put your system at risk. Buy from a trusted source. Ensure you download apps from reputable publishers and read all permission requests before you commit.

Regards,

Tim Catley

Chief Digital Officer

UNSW IT

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The objective of this email:

Inform and create awareness to students

Avoid the same mistake 

But is this really effective?

A lot of people have gotten used to the topic of privacy breaches and security issues but very little people take action. In fact when most of us receive this email, we probably chuck in into the trash without reading it. This is probably not effective at all. 

Recommendation:

One thing Richard brought up is that it is hard to change people’s mindset. Therefore it is important to build people’s foundation of thinking and if we actually want to make it safe, we have to ensure that people know the use of data and their importance. In order to put an effect on how people think, we have to influence their core beliefs too. One way to promote better awareness is that we can demonstrate what it actually means to have our data associates stolen and the consequences. This can be done by linking articles that touches on this issue. Another way that I think about is that we can send mock/fake phishing email to give staffs and students on how easy it it to attain data and what the consequences are. - Live demo and live consequences :)

The four primary colours of security engineering:

Trust

Ironically, do not trust anything at all. Maybe trust yourself sometimes, but most of the time your weaknesses are the source of vulnerabilities 

need to be extra careful all the time

Secrets

Humans

Engineering

Risk

Complexity

etc

Defense in Depth:

Castles as a metaphor: they keep improving and getting better, but people still keep breaking in. Concentric circles, building layers where outer layers are more sacrificial. 

Don’t want responsive engineering - safety by design

Fixing things when it comes up

When we design our systems we should factor in privacy and security.

Single Point of failure

Apes vs Ants

Brittle system - easily destructible, single point of failure

How do ants achieve their complexity:

Their society, nest, how they work together

Hive mind -> single purpose to feed their queen

Ant colonies are very rigid, with set roles, single agency 1

Certifies their predictability, and their unwavering loyalty

Versus Apes:

Agency, free will, ability to break out of societal norms

Complexity arises from interactions between apes with free will vs those that don’t

Development of brain size -> ability to work cohesively in large groups 

Control measures:

Full control system (the ant) -> allows magnification of ability granted to a single person

Information control flow - different levels of information accessible

Relies on complete human obedience

Single point of failure

“Tranquility” - level of information knowledge was assumed to never change

Bell La-Padula Model

In normal engineering, the “enemy” is statistical failure or variance/probability, but in security there is a guided enemy

War Games:

Physical security measures 

Bunker disguised as a normal house

Some use fake ones to disguise Authorisation code stored in safe and required 2 keys Dual control system - symmetric authorisation code

Tamper evident codesEnemy can tamper with the launch by eliminating the other personSimultaneous key turn Most people don’t launch and disobey the rules because of morals

Physical Security:

Everything runs (and connected) on a machine - when a person gets access to the machine, then it can get hacked

Software developers aren’t familiar with hardware - aim for hardware weaknesses

Key loggers (a type of surveillance technology used to monitor and record each keystroke typed on a specific computer's keyboard)Cameras (put a camera and see what the person typed in)

Sonos

Open it and snip the wire to break it