#computing organizational design maps in each component

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Computing Organizational Design Maps in each component

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An Introduction to Business Process Management (BPM)

Business process management (BPM), to put it in simple words, is when an organization takes a step back to scrutinize and analyze each process to make it more efficient and smooth. At its core, BPM is not just a system but a methodology that orchestrates, streamlines, and optimizes operations. The business process management purpose entails designing, implementing, and constantly refining processes to ensure maximum efficiency and effectiveness.

In this blog, we will explore BPM and its relevance in industries.

Understanding Business Process Management

Whether a product or a service-oriented organization, a positive customer experience is a non-negotiable paradigm. Business Process Management becomes the backbone, empowering organizations to synchronize their processes seamlessly with their customers' dynamic needs and preferences. 

By organizing operations around customer touchpoints, BPM allows businesses to customize their offerings, ensuring every interaction aligns with customer expectations. This dedication to customer needs doesn't stop at a singular transaction; it lays the groundwork for enduring relationships, nurturing increased satisfaction, heightened loyalty, and advocacy over the long term.

BPM acts as a guiding map in this journey, aiding organizations in streamlining their operations and fostering ongoing enhancements. Through dismantling barriers between departments, enhancing collaboration across functions, and cultivating an environment of innovation, BPM empowers employees to channel their finest ideas and skills. This collective effort drives organizational efficiency, harnessing the power of business process management to achieve optimal results.

Key Components of BPM

Here's highlighting the core components of a business process management system:

Process Modeling

Initiating the improvement journey necessitates identifying process gaps. If unaware of specific inefficiencies or breakdowns, conduct preliminary research to uncover significant process bottlenecks. 

All the key stakeholders must be on the same plane while validating the process's shortcomings. Once a consensus is reached, start strategizing the ideal workflow to replace the faulty process. Visualize the perfect process structure, delineating each step while exploring opportunities for introducing automation.

Analysis and Improvement

After you have an ideal process structure in place, use a low-code platform to create the steps for your improved way of doing things. This tool helps computer experts and people from non-IT backgrounds work together smoothly. It is akin to building with Lego blocks – you can quickly change things without starting from scratch. 

The strategy also lets you add automatic actions where needed and ensures everything and everyone involved operates in synergy. After you complete the design phase, implement the process and gather user feedback to assess its functionality.

Execution and Automation

Now that you have a clear picture of your operational ecosystem, it is time to identify and classify processes that can be automated. The step emphasizes the necessity of continuous improvement, aligning with BPM's core ethos of enhancing processes and embracing change at a larger scale.

Automation plays a pivotal role in BPM, serving as a cornerstone. It involves streamlining repetitive and rule-based tasks, liberating human resources to engage in more value-driven endeavors. This boosts efficiency and mitigates the chances of errors and delays. For career aspirants looking to foray into the competitive technical job market in the US, understanding robotic process automation jobs is critical. 

H3-Monitoring and Optimization

The secret sauce behind a successful implementation of automation is continuous monitoring and analysis of the processes. It lets you pinpoint areas that require further enhancement. This iterative method fosters sustained efficiency and adaptability in the long term.

Use business process management software like a process mining tool to uncover inefficiencies. Combining it with research and user feedback, this type of business process management tool offers an objective, data-driven method to document workflow processes accurately and identify bottlenecks. Leverage these actionable insights to enhance and optimize processes for all-round operational efficiency.

Importance of BPM

A linear approach to conducting operations and doing business no longer suffices in an era marked by continual socio-political upheavals and pandemic outbreaks. The global economy is in constant flux, demanding adaptability beyond traditional methods. The pressing necessity cemented the importance of business process management across every industry vertical. 

Business process management meaning entails more than just a strategy. It is the driving force that harmonizes an organization's processes with its strategic aims. BPM is a discipline ensuring seamless operational harmony, fostering efficiency, adaptability, and an unwavering dedication to progress. 

BPM propels business success and offers opportunities for individuals prepared to embrace challenges and leave their imprint in a swiftly evolving and high-paced industry. In this respect, deep-dive knowledge and hands-on experience in the business process management framework are must-have skills for IT jobs in the USA.

Here's a look at some of the significant advantages rendered by BPM to organizations:

Enhanced Efficiency

Efficiency is BPM's hallmark, streamlining operations and maximizing resource use. Integrated within an organization, BPM enhances processes by removing bottlenecks, spotting redundancies, and automating routine tasks. This overhaul saves time, reduces lead times, waiting periods, and improves resource allocation.

Improved Agility

A BPM company adopts agile models, which is crucial for adapting to evolving customer needs in a dynamic market. Their solutions offer real-time monitoring, tracking KPIs, and customer interactions for swift trend identification, empowering informed decisions.

Cost Reduction

A business process management tool eliminates bottlenecks, cutting costs over time. This can shorten product sales lead times, increasing sales and revenue. Additionally, BPM solutions track resources, curbing waste to boost profits.

Compliance and Risk Management

A thorough BPM process framework ensures compliance with standards and legal updates. It supports safety by documenting procedures, ensuring compliance, and encouraging staff to safeguard organizational assets, preventing misuse, loss, or theft of private information and resources.

Application of BPM

BPM is their all-time weapon of choice for a professional assigned to transform an organization's process, such as supply chain management.

Embarking on the BPM journey, your first step involves process mapping and analysis, the fundamental pillars of BPM methodologies. Diligently mapping out the existing processes, you meticulously uncover bottlenecks, delays, and communication gaps embedded within the company's workflow.

Your keen insights and analytical acumen help in uncovering process improvement opportunities. You seamlessly integrate automation into order processing and inventory management by employing business process management systems and techniques. 

After the process overhaul, lead times are guaranteed to improve, ensuring timely production. Once hindered by communication gaps, interdepartmental collaboration becomes seamless and highly efficient. Beyond mere cost savings, your efforts resonate with an elevated level of customer satisfaction.

Challenges and Future Trends

Altering processes ingrained in a company culture is a big step for organizations of any size. While some may embrace the change with open arms, others may resist the same dreading stepping out of their comfort zone. In this respect, here are some of the commonly faced challenges while implementing a business process management framework:

Resistance from stakeholders placed in the higher hierarchy

Lack of definitive business objectives

Insufficient testing infrastructures

Uncertainty regarding the appropriate tool for the task

Concealed processes susceptible to downtimes

Limited process visibility and traceability

Rigid third-party contracts and incentives

Organizations need to anticipate potential challenges and devise strategies to make the most of BPM advantages. As a starter, enterprises must ensure that the entire workforce clearly understands the potential benefits of business process management as a discipline. Every single employee should be encouraged to have an equal stake in the transformation journey of their organization.

Businesses cannot afford the initial challenges to decelerate the integration of BPM since it is evolving at a break-neck speed. Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotic process automation further enhance BPM capabilities, allowing for even greater automation, predictive analytics, and more agile business operations.

Conclusion

The versatility of business process management in various industries underscores its importance as a driver of innovation, efficiency, and customer-centricity. By embracing BPM, businesses position themselves for success and sustained growth and resilience in an unpredictable future.

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TOGAF - Enterprise Architecture Framework

This article utilises useful knowledge from the subject to build an enterprise architecture framework for a practical case study based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology. based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology.

AusED Background

AusED legally established in Australia with some main characteristics including corporation, non-profit and educational institution that were related to using all human resources and organisational finance to develop education, particularly higher education in information technology (IT) field. In this field, AusED has a relationship with Australian Computer Society (ACS) defining the core framework of IT knowledge and skills of post-graduated IT course. AusED has four main business functions consisting of executive and operational management, sale and marketing management, courses delivery and special study centres in four different locations.

Phase A: Architecture Vision

In this step, TOGAF 9.1 and Archimate 4.0 were utilise to assist AusEd for developing an enterprise Architecture that leads the changes from the organisation’s business and information technology in future. This part is one of main components in Phase A that shows the key stakeholders of AusEd who engage and concern about vision. The definition of TOGAF standard is a Stakeholder Map matrix that represent in two main layers of Phase A consisting of enterprise goals (Appendix-H1) and enterprise concerns (Appendix-H2). a. Stakeholder concerns H1 represents a part of diagram, indicating five stakeholders (board director, operation managers, sale and marketing manager, course delivery manager and their customer as student) and their concerns, drivers.  Student satisfaction is identified as a shared concern of many stakeholders such as course delivery manager, board director and operation manager. Besides, stakeholder satisfaction can be pointed out into more detailed concerns, for example profitability. b. Enterprise goals In H2 diagram, there is more detailed information about how to achieve profitability by using principles. In order to obtain business goals, AusED utilises principles that assist them to direct to goals achievement in their educational activities. Principles have a role as cornerstones that direct organisation to meet its satisfactions as business goals (Greefhorst, & Proper 2011; Lam 2007; Lankhorst 2013).

Phase B: Business

In this Phase, the ArchiMate can illustrate and link AusEd organizational structure, products, services, functions, processes, and information (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). The Business Architecture gives the context for the Data, Application, and Technology Architectures. However, this report will focus on three main areas encompassing structure, functions and processes of AusEd. Baseline Organization Structure In order to understand AusED’s structure, ArchiMate language has given a definition of Organization viewpoint as a diagram (Jonkers, et.al, 2010).  This viewpoint illustrates the frame body of an internal organisation that include departments or other organisation entity in different location (Engelsman, Jonkers & Quartel 2011). It enables to be shown by utilising “a nested block diagram” or “organigram”. Identifying authority, competencies, and responsibilities within AusED are the common parts of this view. The organisational structure of AusEd is illustrated as “a nest block diagram” (appendix-H4). This diagram is very useful when provide core basic information of an organisation such as location, department and its business actors. AusED has a complex organisational structure in term of the locations. It operates their business in many different countries around Australia like Suva, Pt.Moresby, PNG, Sydney and New Zealand. Therefore this figure not only provides structural information, but also reduces the complexity in location as view perspective. Baseline Business Functions A business function categorises behaviour depending on a selection set of criteria, typically needs business resources, and/or competencies (Jonkers,  Quartel & Franken 2012). The significant business functions that AusED has used for operation located at front office, middle office, back office and home office (Appendix-H5). AusED established many special study centres in Suva, PNG, Melbourne and Sydney, which have a role as front office to provide many kinds of services. These services will support students when they go to these study centres. For example, vibrant hubs serve online students a place to contact home by phone. Besides, these places give students many supported functions such as accessing support form study groups and utilising resources and technology. These areas also offer different kinds of facilities encompassing, student computers and workstations; support staffs assist students’ enquiries, photocopying, scanning and printing facilities. For sale and marketing, AusEd has two departments in Suva and Pt.Moresby as middle offices that conduct sale and marketing activities including agent management and course promotion. Firstly, the organisation will create a relationship with intermediaries who are potential agent service to find new students for AusEd’s IT courses. Secondly, course promotion is marketing activities that assist the organisation to boost sale volume through promotion programs. AusED also decided head office in Darwin that has operational function as a back office to support main activities of this organisation including IT, administrative, accounting and human resources management.  AusED also has operated another part that is course delivery that focus on courses development and courses management. Course delivery relates to develop course material that are utilised in many different special study centres and others. Development activities include editing contents, translating and registering licence. The staff will work at home office in New Zealand and Australia. This layer structure draws detailed information related to core functions and how their interact together in each department. This very helpful to top managers to conducts strategic plan by identifying the core competencies, vision for structural development in the organisation (Greefhorst & Proper 2011; Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009). Baseline Business Processes:  (Admit new student, Enrol into units) An ordering of activities is the prominent component to group behaviour in an ArchiMate business process. It designs a defined group of products or services (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). These authors also have mentioned that a process architecture will illustrate the significant business processes and their relationships for its each step. In addition, the Business Process viewpoint often expresses “the high-level structure” and “composition of one or more business processes” by using graphical diagram. Therefore, in AusEd case study, there are selective main business processes of their operation including “admit new student” and “enrol into units”. The figures in appendix as H6 and H7 show the core business process in AusEd. These processes indicate their high level sub-processes such as confirmation of enrolment (CoE) authorising, payment handling and timetable arrangement.  CoE authorise is like contract between AusEd and student that confirms a finished admittance process. Payment handling is the process to express the way that student and AusEd interact through transaction activities. Timetable is a schedule of enrolled units when the enrolment of new units is complete. The arrangement timetable is very crucial service to assist student during learning process. Both of business processes are different from some steps, but the main core steps are similarity (Doest, et.al 2004).

Phase C: Application

Application Co-operation View: This viewpoint displays the connections of a number of applications or components. In terms of the information flows between these components, the dependencies, or the services are offered and used in the viewpoint (Doest, et.al 2004). It is typically utilise to design an overview of the application landscape of a firm. The Cooperation or orchestration of services are expressed in this viewpoint support together the execution of a business process (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). By designing a modelling interdepencies between services, applications are established in a more independent way in term of cooperation (Winter & Fischer 2007). In AusEd context, the block diagram (Appendix-H8) will show the applications system of each department offices and different specific applications are deployed and illustrate how they work together to support more specific functions of each department including front office, middle office, back office and home office. Baseline Information Systems Architectures The AusEd’s Data Architecture gives a description of the main links between its conceptual business objects and its logical data objects. The Information Structure viewpoint for this purpose is defined. The Information Structure viewpoint is fixed to the traditional information models designed and very common in the development of information system. The structure of the information that contains data types or class structures utilised many parts such as in the organisation or in particular business process (Lankhorst 2004).  Figure H10 in appendix describes a subset of the business objects that AusEd defines. Part of the student information is an enrolment file, which is composed of enrolment courses, enrolment units, enrolment policy, timetable unit arrangement, change enrolled units and student admittance. Many specialisations of the enrolment policy object are identified, one for each type of enrolment that AusEd’s new student admittance. Business-Application Alignment (Application) – The Application Usage The Application Usage viewpoint gives a description how applications are utilised to assist one or more business processes, and how other applications connect them together (Doest, et.al 2004). It can be used when creating the services need by business processes and other applications or making business processes by identifying the available services. Moreover, it can be useful to operational managers who response for these processes (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). The Application Service concept has been concerned as a focal role in this viewpoint. Figure H9 in appendix displays a subset of the services that are given by the applications used by the Operational division of AusEd, and which of the sub-processes of the enrolment units from student and schedule arrangement process make use of which of these services. These sub-processes include payment and altering enrolled units.

Phase D: Technology

Baseline Technology Architecture – Infrastructure View The Infrastructure viewpoint includes the software and hardware infrastructure components assisting the Application Layer (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). For example, it has physical devices such as routers, servers, laptops, desktops, and networks. In addition, system software encompasses operating systems, databases, and middleware. AusEd’s main infrastructure components are categorized by different location and offices that are illustrate as an infrastructure diagram (Appendix – H12). Besides, this figure also describes the way that different networks and applications in departments interact and connect together and deployment of these devices and application in AusEd.

Change Scenarios –AusED Change Scenarios

Activity 1: Refined business goals and principles (Goal Refinement View): In AusEd scenario, a designer models the refinement of high-level goals into more concrete goals by using this viewpoint. This task includes giving the refinement of concrete goals into requirements or constraints that indicates the properties that are necessary to recognise the goals (Doest, et.al 2004). Furthermore, when designer models the refinement of goals into sub-goals, the aggregation relationship is used to illustrate and the refinement of goals into requirements uses the realization relationship (Lankhorst 2004). In AusEd context, the figure H3 in appendix will show how can achieve goals as the two main goals of AusEd including reducing operation cost by minimising none core operation activities and technology development by engaging to open source software, increasing income by extending educational service and improving reliability of student assessments. Activity 2: Target Application Landscape In this situation, there is unchanged in the business architecture whereas designers also indicate the way that the target architecture realizes the key business requirements in this structure (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). Thus, TOGAF specifies a Business Footprint diagram in order to approach this purpose. In ArchiMate, these authors have mentioned that Requirements Realization viewpoint is utilised to illustrate this purpose. In AusEd context, the figure H11 in appendix will shows the method that the business requirements of AusEd created in the vision phase are recognised by factors in architecture. For example, Moodle as an artifact realised general moodle system as an application component. Then, Moodle data access is realised by this component to sever two business processes including course delivery process and timetable arrangement. All of the realisations of these are recognised by the business requirements that are set in enterprise vision Phase as using open source application in order to reducing cost of technology development.    

Costs and benefits analysis for the enterprise architecture

In order to analyse benefits cost and project estimation, comparing an as-is EA model with the to-be EA model is a possible method (Czechowski, et.al 2011). This method is successful when conducting EA project in Coventry University as practical case study. From the method, EA models bring the best benefits after a comparing and analysis process. EA also can support AusEd to determine quickly the changes over four layers such as data, structure, business process and service. Besides, it assists AusEd to reduce the complexity within the organisation. To-be-EA framework helps AusEd to provide a more accurate estimation and identify the stakeholders can involve into estimation cost process. Moreover, AusEd can use some useful tools to support analysis process including functional analysis, quantitative analysis (Lankhorst 2013). Furthermore, according to Bucher et.al (2006), cost analysis matches cost to identifying EA entities and permits to calculate the financial influence from changing the architecture. These authors also have shown that the accompaniment analysis to cost analysis is the benefits analysis that point out a identification of how certain EA entities add into organizational goals and gain benefits for the organization.

Challenges and Recommendations

There are some challenges of conducting this report. Firstly, the validity of information is quite challenge related to this organisation because of a fictitious case study and complexity of the organisation. Hence, during creating EA model there are some assumptions that are made. Secondly, the task requires a teamwork rather than individual task. Therefore, the high workload of individual tasks was high so that led to conducting a brief report. It does not carry on the comprehensive EA model of the organisation. In order to copy this issue, the report needs more time extension and be conducted by teamwork.

Conclusion

Even though, the report is brief, it very useful to understand how to build EA model over ArchiMate language with TOGAF standard format and the benefits that EA model carries on within the organisation. Furthermore, it can see clearly the practical context that EA model and ArchiMate enable involve to. What do you think about EA model and the supported application?

References

Bucher, T, Fischer, R, Kurpjuweit, S, & Winter, R 2006, “Analysis and Application Scenarios of Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory Study”, Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops. Czechowski, N, Padam, S, Anderson, I & Woodcock, C, 2011, JISC Enterprise Architecture and ArchiMate Project, Enterprise Architecture Evaluation Report - Coventry University. Doest, H, Iacob, ME, Lankhorst, M, Leeuwen, DV & Slagter R 2004, View- points functionality and examples. Technical Report TI/RS/2003/091. Engelsman, W, Jonkers, H & Quartel, DAC 2011, ArchiMate ® Extension for Modeling and Managing Motivation, Principles, and Requirements in TOGAFTM, White Paper, The Open Group. Greefhorst, D & Proper, HA 2011, Architecture Principles: The Cornerstones of Enterprise Architecture, Springer, Berlin. Jonkers, H, Band, I & Quartel, D 2016, ArchiSurance Case Study. The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Proper, HA & Turner, M  2009, TOGAF and ArchiMate: A Future Together. A Vision for Convergence & Co-Existence, Whitepaper, The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Quartel, D & Franken, H 2012, ArchiMate® for Integrated Modelling Throughout the Architecture Development and Implementation Cycle, White Paper The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Van den Berg, H, Iacob, ME & Quartel, DAC 2010, ArchiMate® Extension for Modeling the TOGAFTM Implementation and Migration Phases, White Paper, The Open Group. Lam, W 2007, Enterprise architecture and integration: methods, implementation and technologies, IGI Global, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2013, Enterprise architecture at work: modelling, communication and analysis, 3nd edn, Springer, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2004, Viewpoints Functionality and Examples, Telematica Institute. Lankhorst, MM, Proper, HA & Jonkers, H 2010, The anatomy of the archimate language, International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design (IJISMD), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-32. Winter, R & Fischer, R, 2007, “Essential Layers, Artifacts, and Dependencies of Enterprise Architecture”, Journal of Enterprise Architecture, vol. 1, no. 12, pp. 1–12.   For detailed diagrams in appendix file: Download here Read the full article

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300+ TOP AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions and Answers

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions for freshers and experienced :-

1. What Is Spice? Where Was It Developed? The full form of SPICE is Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis.This is the widely used analog simulator, which was developed at electronics research lab of California University. 2. What Are The Three Tactical Elements Of Electronic Warfare? Electronic warfare has three main elements: ES – Electronic support – This has high passive acquisition intelligence about friend and foe EA – Electronic attack – that has passive and active denial of RF spectrum EP – Electronic protection - protects friendly personnel and assets by active and passive techniques. 3. What Are The Main Areas In Aviation? Artificial intelligence Aircrafts and parts Advanced materials, composites and specialty metals Computers, electronic components, and systems Fighters and attack aircraft Government defense policies and goals Lasers Navigation controls and guidance systems Ordinance and Military vehicles Computers, electronic components, and systems Aviation electronic/Avionics Robotics Satellites Search and detection equipments Strategic defensive initiative Sensors and instrumentation Ships Space vehicles and commercialization of space 4. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self­ employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PEs. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. In addition, they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam, which requires about 8 hours. 5. What is the Day­ to­ day Responsibilities Of Aerospace Engineering Each job profile even in aerospace industry differs from others. Mainly in aerospace, there are two branches or field. One is aeronautical and other is astronautical engineering. 6. What is the Differences Between Aeronautical Engineering And Astronautical Engineering Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles which operates in the atmosphere Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles operating in space. Aeronautical engineering works on tunnel tests, analyzing flight test data,manned space flights, planning future space missions, spacecraft operations,designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion system,computing optimum flight trajectories, developing communication systems for distance space probes and designing new rockets. Astronautical engineer includes designing power systems for spacecraft structure, developing communications systems for distant space probes, developing hardware skills for operations in spacecraft, designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion systems and computing optimum flight. 7. Does The Knowledge Of Mathematics Of Science Is Required To Get Into Aerospace Engineering? The basic understanding of Math is important, as it is not used at all the time during the course of aerospace engineering. One should have a basic understanding of mathematical definitions and knowledge on computers is very important as the computer programs will help in doing simple calculations and verify the results are reasonable. However, on the science front it is very important to have a very good understanding on various subjects like dynamics and mechanics in physics, strong emphasis on chemistry, electromagnetism. For a good engineer one should know how law of forces makes things happen. In addition, if you are good at physical sciences when opposed to life sciences like biology you will be a fit candidate for aerospace engineering 8. What Do You Understand By Aerodynamics/performance Analysis? Aerodynamics / performance analysis in military programs include responsibility like analyzing aerodynamics impacts which effects from external modifications, developing mission profiles based on requirements from the customer, performance data of the mission which includes take off and landing details, en route and mission data performance. Analyze the configurations using the dynamics, which are fluid and computational. Additional task may include support for wind tunnel planning for test flight. Documentation, test support, data analysis should be done on regular basis. Co ordination of aerodynamics with multi discipline teams and data should be provided for support flight management system or mission planning software. 9. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations, Dynamics, And Controls? People working on these areas as aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 10. What About Stress Analysis? People working on these areas as an aerospace engineer should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to conduct stress analysis on metallic and composite structures. NASTRAN, IDEAD, Oracle, and PATRAN proficiency level is required. Their duties also include on aircraft, which are metallic and composite structures. This includes and understanding of control surface stiffness and loop calculations, finite element modeling (FEM), fatigue testing requirement and analysis.

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions 11. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility, which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 12. How Would You Handle If Your Co-worker Were Not Cooperating With You? Talk to your co­-worker directly and explain him that you are having a problem working with him and make him understand the situation, if he is not willing to listen or not co­operating, then direct the issue to chief pilot. 13. What Would You Do If Your Captain Were Not Following The Instructions Properly? Refer to your plane manual, discuss the same with your client, and ensure you make him understand the procedures and rules. If he does not respond, you will call your concerned aircraft officer at the airport, escalate, and make sure your voice frequency is recorded. 14. When Can One Deviate From Any Flight Rules And Regulations? Chief Pilot in command can deviate from rules and regulations during emergency period; he can do it to get the plane back to the normalcy or to meet the expected requirement of the emergency. 15. What If You Loose The Medical Round Or Interview For Your Pilot Position? One should always have a career back up plan, incase if your medical examination results are not positive, you could get into training department for pilots, or you could pursue your interests from your previous experience or education. 16. What Are The Disadvantages Of Being In Aerospace Industry? The biggest disadvantage is that it is a relatively small field, and the number of companies in the field is getting smaller (lots of mergers between big companies in the news lately). In addition, this used to be a field where America had 90% of the market, but now foreign companies are catching up; this means that American companies are streamlining their organizations in order to be competitive. 17. What Interests And Abilities Would Help Some One As An Aerospace Engineer? Successful aerospace engineers need lots of curiosity, problem ­solving skills,organizational skills, written and oral communication skills, people skills (as in leading and participating in teams) and computer skills. There are no physical requirements; in fact, we have many engineers with disabilities and it is not an issue for their job performance 18. How Important Are Aeronautical Engineers To Today's Society? Aeronautical Engineers the aircraft people use for business and holidaying would not be in the sky, it cannot be contested that society depends heavily on travel via aircraft. Aeronautical Engineer will provide the solution to increase overall aircraft efficiency, thereby helping to drive down the levels of emissions current aircraft produce. Aeronautical Engineers also help put the satellites in to space, the satellites we rely on for weather information, geospatial­ mapping data, environmental monitoring, telecommunications, and research. Therefore, in answer to the aerospace engineering plays a major role in society, producing and developing a lot of the technology we rely on heavily 19. How Many Types Of Emergency Landings Are There And Explain? There are three types of emergency landings like: * Forced landing : This is a situation where Air Craft engine fails and Pilot is forced to land the plane in the nearest airport. * Precautionary landing : This is used when Pilot faces a problem due to severe weather conditions, or being lost in the air space traffic or due to lack of fuel or expecting an engine trouble. * Ditching : This is when where Pilot cannot avoid this situation but to just land on water, which is safer than air bound. 20. How Important Is To Get The Passengers Switch Off The Mobile Phones And Laptops During Land Off. What Could Be The Consequences? It is very important to check if laptop and mobile phones are switched off or not, as the consequences can be, bad.because interference of aircraft communication devices and electronic devices interfere with each other and there could be chances of not proper landing. Therefore, it is highly recommended electronic and communication devices should be switched off during take off and landing 21. How Would You Handle The Extreme Pressure During Emergency If You Know That Plane Is Not Safe And It Might Crash Any Time? Few professions demand you to be selfless, and our respective clients would be the most important thing, that is why customer service differs completely in such fields compared to other streams. For example, Doctors, Lawyers, Pilots these are the professions where employee saving your customer is the up most important thing. Therefore, as a Pilot we should understand our duties and responsibilities and will ensure that whatever panic situation we could be in, we will continue to deliver our duties until the end and ensure passengers are safe all times. Simultaneously I will own the full responsibility of landing the Air Craft safe and in the steady position. 22. Can You Miss The Clearance Limit And Loose The Commands From The Air Craft Officer? Yes, there is a policy and procedure to be followed for the missing clearance limit problem, so a Pilot can leave and reach a different altitude for sometime within the limit and should come back to the proper clearance limit once things are in control. This time limit is only as per the procedure in the manual. 23. You Are About To Take Off The Plane In Few Seconds And A Catastrophic Engine Fails, And Your Captain Tells You Not To Take Off And Just Stay In The Center Line. What Would You Do? Once the take off procedure has started, it is no longer safe to stop the plane from take off. Instead, it is better to continue with the take off and its best handled in the air. All certified aircraft under 25 can run without an engine and there is no problem related to it for take off or to for plane landing. It is actually far better idea to handle the problem in the air than to face the situation on the runway, when plane engine is in high speed. 24. Without Air Traffic Control, What Is The Minimum Descent Rate You Can Descend The Plane? A Pilot can descend up to 500 bare minimum, without informing the ATC (Air Traffic Controller) and this is only during an exceptional cases. However, it is always better to be in regular touch with the Air Traffic Controller and to keep him informed about the descent rate. This will not have any traffic problems during landing in the runway. 25. When A Pilot Is Assigned A Speed, How Much Can One Deviate From That Speed? Complying and following the actual speed adjustment policies, a pilot can run and indicate plus or minus 10 knots or 0.02 Mach number of specified speed. It is always better to keep the land air officer in the loop before adjusting the air speed. Exceptions are always there to meet the emergency requirement. 26. Are You Prepared For Unexpected Turbulence? Yes, given the proper training am confident that I will be able to handle the turbulence and will drive the plane in the correct altitude. 27. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 28. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations,dynamics And Controls? People working on these areas as a aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 29. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PE's. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. Also they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam which requires about 8 hours. 30. What Made You Choose Aerospace Engineer Line As Your Career? In aerospace engineering there are lots of interesting topics which include rocketry, aero planes, Lego's. As a school student I started sketching for future aircraft and space craft, military aircraft. I analyzed the importance of space travel, aviation history, and aerospace industry and hence decided to get into this field. AEROSPACE Engineering Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

[kavindius]

Data Persistence

Introduction to Data Persistence

Information systems process data and convert them into information.

The data should persist for later use;

To maintain the status

For logging purposes

To further process and derive knowledge

Data can be stored, read, updated/modified, and deleted.

At run time of software systems, data is stored in main memory, which is volatile. 

Data should be stored in non-volatile storage for persistence.

Two main ways of storing data

       -  Files

       -  Databases

Data, Files, Databases and DBMSs

Data : Data are raw facts and can be processed and convert into meaningful information.

Data Arrangements 

Un Structured : Often include text and multimedia content. 

Ex: email messages, word processing documents, videos, photos, audio files, presentations, web pages and many other kinds of business documents.

Semi Structured : Information that does not reside in a relational database but that does have some organizational properties that make it easier to analyze.

Ex: CSV but XML and JSON, NoSQL databases

Structured : This concerns all data which can be stored in database SQL in table with rows and columns

Databases : Databases are created and managed in database servers

SQL is used to process databases

      - DDL - CRUD Databases

      - DML - CRUD data in databases

Database Types 

Hierarchical Databases 

In a hierarchical database management systems (hierarchical DBMSs) model, data is stored in a parent-children relationship nodes. In a hierarchical database model, data is organized into a tree like structure.

The data is stored in form of collection of fields where each field contains only one value. The records are linked to each other via links into a parent-children relationship. In a hierarchical database model, each child record has only one parent. A parent can have multiple children

Ex: The IBM Information Management System (IMS) and Windows Registry

Advantages : Hierarchical database can be accessed and updated rapidly

Disadvantages : This type of database structure is that each child in the tree may have only one parent, and relationships or linkages between children are not permitted 

Network Databases

Network database management systems (Network DBMSs) use a network structure to create relationship between entities. Network databases are mainly used on a large digital computers.

A network database looks more like a cobweb or interconnected network of records.

Ex: Integrated Data Store (IDS), IDMS (Integrated Database Management System), Raima Database Manager, TurboIMAGE, and Univac DMS-1100

Relational Databases

In relational database management systems (RDBMS), the relationship between data is relational and data is stored in tabular form of columns and rows. Each column if a table represents an attribute and each row in a table represents a record. Each field in a table represents a data value.

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a the language used to query a RDBMS including inserting, updating, deleting, and searching records. 

Ex: Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, SQLite, and IBM DB2

Object Oriented model

Object DBMS's increase the semantics of the C++ and Java. It provides full-featured database programming capability, while containing native language compatibility.

It adds the database functionality to object programming languages.

Ex: Gemstone, ObjectStore, GBase, VBase, InterSystems Cache, Versant Object Database, ODABA, ZODB, Poet. JADE

Graph Databases

Graph Databases are NoSQL databases and use a graph structure for sematic queries. The data is stored in form of nodes, edges, and properties.

Ex: The Neo4j, Azure Cosmos DB, SAP HANA, Sparksee, Oracle Spatial and Graph, OrientDB, ArrangoDB, and MarkLogic

ER Model Databases 

An ER model is typically implemented as a database.

In a simple relational database implementation, each row of a table represents one instance of an entity type, and each field in a table represents an attribute type.

Document Databases 

Document databases (Document DB) are also NoSQL database that store data in form of documents.

Each document represents the data, its relationship between other data elements, and attributes of data. Document database store data in a key value form.

Ex: Hadoop/Hbase, Cassandra, Hypertable, MapR, Hortonworks, Cloudera, Amazon SimpleDB, Apache Flink, IBM Informix, Elastic, MongoDB, and Azure DocumentDB

DBMSs : DBMSs are used to connect to the DB servers and manage the DBs and data in them

Data Arrangements

Data warehouse

Big data

                - Volume

                - Variety

                - Velocity

Applications to Files/DB

Files and DBs are external components

Software can connect to the files/DBs to perform CRUD operations on data

                -  File – File path, URL

                -  Databases – Connection string 

To process data in DB

                 - SQL statements

                 - Prepared statements

                 - Callable statements

Useful Objects

o   Connection

o   Statement

o   Reader

o   Result set

SQL Statements - Execute standard SQL statements from the application

Prepared Statements - The query only needs to be parsed once, but can be executed multiple times with the same or different parameters.

Callable Statements - Execute stored procedures

ORM 

Stands for Object Relational Mapping

Different structures for holding data at runtime;

       - Application holds data in objects

       -  Database uses tables  

Mismatches between relational and object models

o   Granularity – Object model has more granularity than relational model.

o   Subtypes – Subtypes are not supported by all types of relational databases.

o   Identity – Relational model does not expose identity while writing equality.

o   Associations – Relational models cannot determine multiple relationships while looking into an object domain model.

o   Data navigations – Data navigation between objects in an object network is different in both models.

ORM implementations in JAVA

JavaBeans

JPA (JAVA Persistence API)

Beans use POJO

POJO stands for Plain Old Java Object.

It is an ordinary Java object, not bound by any special restriction

POJOs are used for increasing the readability and re-usability of a program

POJOs have gained most acceptance because they are easy to write and understand

A POJO should not;·      

Extend pre-specified classes

Implement pre-specified interfaces

Contain pre-specified annotations

Beans

Beans are special type of POJOs

All JavaBeans are POJOs but not all POJOs are JavaBeans    

Serializable

Fields should be private

Fields should have getters or setters or both

A no-arg constructor should be there in a bean

Fields are accessed only by constructor or getters setters

POJO/Bean to DB

Java Persistence API

The above architecture explains how object data is stored into relational database in three phases.

Phase 1

The first phase, named as the Object data phase contains POJO classes, service interfaces and classes. It is the main business component layer, which has business logic operations and attributes.

Phase 2

The second phase named as mapping or persistence phase which contains JPA provider, mapping file (ORM.xml), JPA Loader, and Object Grid

Phase 3

The third phase is the Relational data phase. It contains the relational data which is logically connected to the business component.

JPA Implementations

Hybernate

EclipseLink

JDO

ObjectDB

Caster

Spring DAO

NoSQL and HADOOP

Relational DBs are good for structured data and for semi-structured and un-structured data, some other types of DBs can be used.

-        Key value stores

-        Document databases

-        Wide column stores

-        Graph stores

Benefits of NoSQL

Compared to relational databases, NoSQL databases are more scalable and provide superior performance

Their data model addresses several issues that the relational model is not designed to address

NoSQL DB Servers

o   MongoDB

o   Cassandra

o   Redis

o   Hbase

o   Amazon DynamoDB

HADOOP

It is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers using simple programming models

It is designed to scale up from single servers to thousands of machines, each offering local computation and storage

HADOOP Core Concepts

HADOOP Distributed File System

               -  A distributed file system that provides high-throughput access to application data

HADOOP YARN

               -   A framework for job scheduling and cluster resource management

HADOOP Map Reduce

               -   A YARN-based system for parallel processing of large data sets

Information Retrieval

Data in the storages should be fetched, converted into information, and produced for proper use

Information is retrieved via search queries

1.     Keyword Search

2.     Full-text search

The output can be

1.     Text

2.     Multimedia

The information retrieval process should be;

Fast/performance

Scalable

Efficient

Reliable/Correct

Major implementations

Elasticsearch

Solr

Mainly used in search engines and recommendation systems

Additionally may use

Natural Language Processing

AI/Machine Learning

Ranking

References

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/jpa/jpa_orm_components.htm

https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/65fc13/types-of-database-management-systems/ 

[faizrashis1995]

“Let’s use Kubernetes!” Now you have 8 problems

If you’re using Docker, the next natural step seems to be Kubernetes, aka K8s: that’s how you run things in production, right?

 Well, maybe. Solutions designed for 500 software engineers working on the same application are quite different than solutions for 50 software engineers. And both will be different from solutions designed for a team of 5.

 If you’re part of a small team, Kubernetes probably isn’t for you: it’s a lot of pain with very little benefits.

 Let’s see why.

 Everyone loves moving parts

Kubernetes has plenty of moving parts—concepts, subsystems, processes, machines, code—and that means plenty of problems.

 Multiple machines

Kubernetes is a distributed system: there’s a main machine that controls worker machines. Work is scheduled across different worker machines. Each machine then runs the work in containers.

 So already you’re talking about two machines or virtual machines just to get anything at all done. And that just gives you … one machine. If you’re going to scale (the whole point of the exercise) you need three or four or seventeen VMs.

 Lots and lots and lots of code

The Kubernetes code base as of early March 2020 has more than 580,000 lines of Go code. That’s actual code, it doesn’t count comments or blank lines, nor did I count vendored packages. A security review from 2019 described the code base as follows:

 “…the Kubernetes codebase has significant room for improvement. The codebase is large and complex, with large sections of code containing minimal documentation and numerous dependencies, including systems external to Kubernetes. There are many cases of logic re-implementation within the codebase which could be centralized into supporting libraries to reduce complexity, facilitate easier patching, and reduce the burden of documentation across disparate areas of the codebase.”

 This is no different than many large projects, to be fair, but all that code is something you need working if your application isn’t going to break.

 Architectural complexity, operational complexity, configuration complexity, and conceptual complexity

Kubernetes is a complex system with many different services, systems, and pieces.

 Before you can run a single application, you need the following highly-simplified architecture (original source in Kubernetes documentation):

   The concepts documentation in the K8s documentation includes many educational statements along these lines:

 In Kubernetes, an EndpointSlice contains references to a set of network endpoints. The EndpointSlice controller automatically creates EndpointSlices for a Kubernetes Service when a selector is specified. These EndpointSlices will include references to any Pods that match the Service selector. EndpointSlices group network endpoints together by unique Service and Port combinations.

 By default, EndpointSlices managed by the EndpointSlice controller will have no more than 100 endpoints each. Below this scale, EndpointSlices should map 1:1 with Endpoints and Services and have similar performance.

 I actually understand that, somewhat, but notice how many concepts are needed: EndpointSlice, Service, selector, Pod, Endpoint.

 And yes, much of the time you won’t need most of these features, but then much of the time you don’t need Kubernetes at all.

 Another random selection:

 By default, traffic sent to a ClusterIP or NodePort Service may be routed to any backend address for the Service. Since Kubernetes 1.7 it has been possible to route “external” traffic to the Pods running on the Node that received the traffic, but this is not supported for ClusterIP Services, and more complex topologies — such as routing zonally — have not been possible. The Service Topology feature resolves this by allowing the Service creator to define a policy for routing traffic based upon the Node labels for the originating and destination Nodes.

 Here’s what that security review I mentioned above had to say:

 “Kubernetes is a large system with significant operational complexity. The assessment team found configuration and deployment of Kubernetes to be non-trivial, with certain components having confusing default settings, missing operational controls, and implicitly defined security controls.”

 Development complexity

The more you buy in to Kubernetes, the harder it is to do normal development: you need all the different concepts (Pod, Deployment, Service, etc.) to run your code. So you need to spin up a complete K8s system just to test anything, via a VM or nested Docker containers.

 And since your application is much harder to run locally, development is harder, leading to a variety of solutions, from staging environments, to proxying a local process into the cluster (I wrote a tool for this a few years ago), to proxying a remote process onto your local machine…

 There are plenty of imperfect solutions to choose; the simplest and best solution is to not use Kubernetes.

 Microservices (are a bad idea)

A secondary problem is that since you have this system that allows you to run lots of services, it’s often tempting to write lots of services. This is a bad idea.

 Distributed applications are really hard to write correctly. Really. The more moving parts, the more these problems come in to play.

 Distributed applications are hard to debug. You need whole new categories of instrumentation and logging to getting understanding that isn’t quite as good as what you’d get from the logs of a monolithic application.

 Microservices are an organizational scaling technique: when you have 500 developers working on one live website, it makes sense to pay the cost of a large-scale distributed system if it means the developer teams can work independently. So you give each team of 5 developers a single microservice, and that team pretends the rest of the microservices are external services they can’t trust.

 If you’re a team of 5 and you have 20 microservices, and you don’t have a very compelling need for a distributed system, you’re doing it wrong. Instead of 5 people per service like the big company has, you have 0.25 people per service.

 But isn’t it useful?

Scaling

Kubernetes might be useful if you need to scale a lot. But let’s consider some alternatives:

 You can get cloud VMs with up to 416 vCPUs and 8TiB RAM, a scale I can only truly express with profanity. It’ll be expensive, yes, but it will also be simple.

You can scale many simple web applications quite trivially with services like Heroku.

This presumes, of course, that adding more workers will actually do you any good:

 Most applications don’t need to scale very much; some reasonable optimization will suffice.

Scaling for many web applications is typically bottlenecked by the database, not the web workers.

Reliability

More moving parts means more opportunity for error.

 The features Kubernetes provides for reliability (health checks, rolling deploys), can be implemented much more simply, or already built-in in many cases. For example, nginx can do health checks on worker processes, and you can use docker-autoheal or something similar to automatically restart those processes.

 And if what you care about is downtime, your first thought shouldn’t be “how do I reduce deployment downtime from 1 second to 1ms”, it should be “how can I ensure database schema changes don’t prevent rollback if I screw something up.”

 And if you want reliable web workers without a single machine as the point of failure, there are plenty of ways to do that that don’t involve Kubernetes.[Source]-https://pythonspeed.com/articles/dont-need-kubernetes/

Basic & Advanced

Kubernetes Certification

using cloud computing, AWS, Docker etc. in Mumbai. Advanced Containers Domain is used for 25 hours Kubernetes Training.

[hireindianpvtltd]

Fwd: Urgent requirements of below positions

New Post has been published on https://www.hireindian.in/fwd-urgent-requirements-of-below-positions-45/

Fwd: Urgent requirements of below positions

Please find the Job description below, if you are available and interested, please send us your word copy of your resume with following detail to vendor@vinsysinfo.com or please call me on 703-594-5490 to discuss more about this position.

  We are planning for a weekend drive on 2nd Feb and 3rd Feb and hence need your extended support for that. Will be expecting an active participation from each of you.

  Position

Location

Salesforce Developer

Columbus / Indianapolis, IN

SFDC Business Analyst

Peoria, IL

CPQ/Apttus Consultant

Minneapolis, MN

SFDC Developer

Austin, TX

Salesforce Sales Cloud + APTTUS CLM (Senior Developer) OR Cloud Craze

Houston, TX

SFDC Community Cloud developer

San Francisco, CA

Sr. Developer Lightning Community

Trevose, PA

    Job Description

Job Title: Salesforce Developer

Location: Columbus or Indianapolis, IN

Duration: Contract

Work Authorization: USC/GC ONLY      

Mandatory Skills: SFDC Lightning, Apex, Visual Force  Looking for Field Service Experience Field Service implementation (Siebel, ServiceMax etc..)

Desired Skills: HTML, CSS, Ajax, JavaScript, J Query

Experience: 10+ Years is mandatory

Job Description:

5+ years of SFDC (Salesforce) experience.

Must have Hands on Customization APEX, Lightning, Visual Force, Triggers, Batch, Schedule Apex, VF Components, Test Class etc. and Good experience in SFDC configuration and mapping features to the business requirements.

Good Experience in Data Migration using SFDC import and export utilities.

Experience in implementing integration solutions between CRM, ERP and Financial systems

Strong RDBMS knowledge and building SQL queries. Experience in working with HTML, CSS, Ajax, JavaScript, JQuery will be a plus.

Look for candidates with Salesforce Developer Certification.- Experience developing customer-facing user interface

Able to read, modify and debug complex code.

Job itle:  SFDC Business Analyst

Location: Peoria, IL

Duration: Contract

Mandatory Skills: Business Analyst, Salesforce.com, Sales Cloud, Apex

Job Description:       

Over 10 years of IT experience with about 5 years of experience in the Salesforce platform as a Business Analyst

Experienced working with Salesforce.com Sales cloud, Service Cloud, Communities

Experience in interacting with business stake holders and capturing business requirements

Good knowledge on Apex development in creating Objects, Triggers, Apex Classes, Standard Controllers, Custom Controllers and Controller Extensions

Experienced in building Custom Applications that includes administration configuration implementing and support experience with Salesforce.com platform

Proficiency in administrative tasks like Creating Roles Profiles Users Email Services Page Layouts Workflow Alerts Actions Reports and Approval Processes

Implemented security and sharing rules at object field and record level for different users at different levels of organization. Also created various profiles and configured the permissions based on the organizational hierarchy

Experienced working with salesforce.com sandbox and production environments also with Eclipse IDE Force.com Plug-in environments

Technology savvy with aptitude and experience in adopting modern methodologies and innovative techniques to boost work efficiency

Detail-oriented energetic team player motivated with multi-tasking capabilities problem solver and hands-on leader with exceptional presentation and client/customer relation skills

Strong communication and inter-personal skills with ability to work well in a dynamic team environment.

Certified Salesforce Developer or Administrator would be preferred.

  Position:              CPQ/Apttus Consultant

Location:             Minneapolis, MN

Contract:             Longterm

  Required Qualification

At least 1 year or 2 projects experience in Angular JS.

At least 1 year or 2 projects experience in CPQ development such as Apttus callbacks.

At least 1 year or 2 projects experience in Apttus CPQ (Configure/price and quote) with good understanding on how Apttus CPQ works. Don’t need experience in Apttus CLM or other module.

4-5 years of solid SFDC development experience. No compromise here since there should be enough people with this level experience.

SFDC Integration using SOAP/REST API’s must

Knowledge of Continuous Integration (Deployment) using SVN tools (JENKINS/GIT) must.

  Responsibilities

Manage day to day development activities on the salesforce.com platform and Apttus tool using Apex and Visual Force

Support the creation of customizations and integrations required to solution delivery

Configure the Salesforce.com application based on the business requirements

Develop custom applications using Apex, Visualforce, JavaScript, AJAX, HTML, CSS

Apply best practices and experience to build Salesforce.com applications.

Develop estimates for projects

Work closely with other developers in the team, business analyst, QA analyst and project managers.

Research Salesforce.com and Apttus CPQ capabilities as needed to suit business requirements, and provide gap analysis

        Position: SFDC Developer

Location:  Austin, TX

Duration: Contract

  Job Description:

Responsibilities:

•             Work with stakeholders and existing engineering teams to gather requirements and translate them into efficient salesforce                           solutions.

•             Develop, maintain and test new Salesforce processes using Salesforce techniques such as custom objects, APEX triggers,                                 workflow rules, validation rules and Lightning.

•             Design and implement for API endpoints for internal integrations.

•             Carry out system maintenance, configuration, development and testing.

•             Documenting designs and implementation

•             Creating training materials for users.

•             Ensuring that migration to new platform is successful. 

Minimum qualifications:

•          3+ Salesforce Development Experience including hands-on experience in Apex Code, SOQL queries, Triggers, Validation Rules, workflows, flows/process builder and migration of code,  Visualforce, backup of sandbox/ repository.

•             Experience implementing Web Service SOAP, REST API and bulk APIs

•             Flexible engineer, with strong communication and team working skills

•             Experience with complete lifecycle of software development, from design to product ionization.

•             Experience with working with distributed teams and a great team player

•             Good writtenand verbal communication skills.

•             Degree in Computer Science, Engineering or related areas.

Preferred qualifications:

•             Salesforce Certified Administrator           

•             Experience with Salesforce Security Models

•             Experience with C++ development

Position: Salesforce Sales Cloud + APTTUS CLM (Senior Developer) OR Cloud Craze

Location:  Houston, TX

Duration: Contract

Mandatory Skills: Salesforce Sales Cloud and Apttus CLM, HTML, CSS, JavaScript

Experience: 8+ Years

  Job Description:

The Salesforce Developer will perform hands-on technical implementation, with a focus on delivering functional solutions on the Salesforce.com platform.

Salesforce Developer will take a lead role in the design, implementation, deployment, and documentation of projects that leverage the Salesforce.com tool set. This is an Apttus CLM environment on Force.com (Salesforce) platform.

Required Technical and Professional Expertise

5+ years Salesforce development experience

Hands-on experience in Apttus CLM

2+ years’ experience HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Ajax, JQuery

Design, develop implement and support custom business solutions for a variety of industries

Effectively translate business requirements into systems solutions using Visual force and Apex

Drive projects from concept and design to testing, and implementation

Strong SOQL experience

SFDC architecture experience

Excellent, highly professional written and oral communication skills required

Strong analytical and problem-solving skills

Ability to work effectively both independently and as part of a team

Experience with project automation technology: Jenkins, automated unit testing, Ant etc. is preferable

Preferred Tech and Prof Experience

Bachelor's degree or Master’s Degree in Computer Science or related field is preferred

Job Title: SFDC Community Cloud developer

Location: San Francisco, CA

Duration: 6-8 months

  Mandatory skills: Experience with Community Cloud development.(MUST)

  Job description:

Proficiency in SFDC Administrative tasks like creating profiles, roles & users, manipulating page layouts and record types, setting up email services, configuring approvals, designing workflows, creating reports & dashboards, working in both the Classic UI and Lightning

Hands-on design and architect of custom solutions on the force.com platform including significant work in Apex, Visual Force, SOQL, and application integration patterns.

Solid understanding of Salesforce Connect to call external API.

Experience in developing client-specific solutions on the force.com platform using Apex, Visual force, Lightning.

Experience in SFDC development using Apex classes, batch scripts and triggers, Visual force pages and components (in both Classic UI and lightning), Force.com IDE, SOQL, SOSL, REST & Web Services APIs, Flow Designer.

Experience with Community Cloud development.(MUST)

Configure and maintain Salesforce Community portals. Understanding of community user permissions, design of components for use in Community Builder, editing community styles and templates.

Create Web Services APIs, Flow Designer.

Configure APIs and Web Services between Salesforce and other systems.

Proficiency in object oriented software design methodologies, data modeling, data extraction & transformation, data loading, scheduling, monitoring, and reporting in a multi-tenant, cloud computing environment

Job Title: Sr. Developer Lightning Community

Location: Trevose, PA

Duration: Contract

Experience: 8+ years

Work Authorization: USC/GC/H1b

Mandatory skills: Salesforce- Sales Cloud, Lightning community, Apex, Visual Force

  Job Description:

Deep understanding of Salesforce – Sales Cloud, Service Cloud, Communities / Portals and Force.com.

Salesforce Configuration and Design of Partner & Customer Communities. This would leverage the Lightning Community Builder, Lightning Components – standard and custom, and also Visualforce and other tools where needed.

Previous experience working with Salesforce Communities is a must. Experience leveraging both the Visualforce / tabs and Lightning Template approaches is must.

Operational experience in how a community is used – for Customers, is required. Candidate must have an understanding of how users leverage Communities in multiple use cases: Self Service, Public Discussion / Collaboration, and Partner.

Communities Consultant, Sales Consultant or Service Consultant certification is preferred.

Strong ability to problem solve and understand how a business process can be enhanced and improved using Salesforce, coupled with the knowledge of choosing the most effective option for a customer.

Ability to document requirements for developers a must. Must be hands on with an understanding of what can be done with Lightning/Apex/Visualforce/Web Services is a must.

Ability to work in a self-sufficient manner, but also with a team.

Translating the Customer’s requirements and using best practices, crafting a solution with Salesforce that will support their processes, with standard and custom development.

Develop technical requirements for internal developers to build solutions where needed.

Provide End User Training and Documentation during roll-out

  Thanks, Steve Hunt Talent Acquisition Team – North America Vinsys Information Technology Inc SBA 8(a) Certified, MBE/DBE/EDGE Certified Virginia Department of Minority Business Enterprise(SWAM) 703-594-5490 www.vinsysinfo.com

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[buckner84daly-blog]

Excellent Online games And Printable Pursuits For A 50th Wedding Anniversary Celebration

Down load internet sites have turn out to be great additions to the variety of on the internet markets obtainable. Network products that route knowledge are referred to as Nodes. Nodes mostly consist of hosts these kinds of as networking components. Nodes vary on the basis of transmission of knowledge, communications protocols followed, the network's dimension, topology and organizational intent. It really is easy to get a virus or some form of dangerous spy ware when downloading online games from these kinds of websites. Combine that with sluggish download speeds and loads of downloads that do not operate and you can recognize why it is just not really worth the fret. It is incredibly frustrating having to hold out several hours for a game to download only to find out the sport will not even function or it was a virus. You can buy store-acquired add-ons particularly for actively playing costume-up, this kind of as plastic tiaras, feather boas, doctor's coats and play stethoscopes, or you can provide disused and outdated purses and jewelry, such as necklaces, bracelets and cuff links, found at a lawn sale or in your very own closet. Clip-on earrings are typically the best bet for enjoying costume-up, since some young children will not have pierced ears. In my viewpoint, a easy error within the registry database will carry in some surprising glitches to the personal computer. For the security of your pc, it is very recommended that you can use a professional plan uninstaller to uninstall Rocketlife Communicator from your pc. This will each save your time & conserve your computer at the very same time. Fishing for prizes is a single of the most favorite game titles of kids of all ages! The complete concept of the game is to get the prize. You can possibly place everything into plastic luggage and set them in the pool or basin, you can just toss almost everything on the rug or make a map with the market place spots. What ever you can arrive up with will function for prizes hunting. The only factor for you to make positive of is the quantity of prizes and their quality”. Attempt to make the prizes of comparable categories so that they would function for each boys and women regardless of their age. pobierz na pc is Brooks Carver and I am a quite die tough personal computer tech. I have been operating with pc immediately for in excess of twenty many years now. I have a beautiful wife and daughter, and when I am not programming or correcting computers I appreciate spending time in the out doorways. Of course running a streaming tunes enterprise is not only about paying income but also about some revenue. You can a totally free edition of your app with in-application buys and commercials or you can make on marketing a paid out sort of subscription supplying a broader operation and a greater sound quality to your listeners. Use situations: What are some use cases to consider PWA? Native apps are normally suggested for applications that a single expects users to return to frequently and a progressive net app provides on this entrance. Twitter cell, Washington Post PWA, Flipboard, FT PWA, 2048 puzzle are effectively-identified illustrations of progressive web applications. For fundamental computer capabilities, this kind of as electronic mail, Net and term processing a price range or mid assortment design is good. But, for gaming, and particularly 3D gaming, video clip modifying and processing, motion picture observing and for some organization functions a high-finish processor is needed.

[hadoopinbeanttechnologies-blog]

Why Hadoop Is Important In Handling Big Data?

Hadoop is changing the perception of handling Big Data especially the unstructured data. Let’s know how Apache Hadoop software library, which is a framework, plays a vital role in handling Big Data.  Apache Hadoop enables surplus data to be streamlined for any distributed processing system across clusters of computers using simple programming models. It truly is made to scale up from single servers to a large number of machines, each and every offering local computation, and storage space. Instead of depending on hardware to provide high-availability, the library itself is built to detect and handle breakdowns at the application layer, so providing an extremely available service along with a cluster of computers, as both versions might be vulnerable to failures.

Hadoop Community Package Consists of:

·         File system and OS level abstractions

·         A MapReduce engine (either MapReduce or YARN)

·         The Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)

·         Java ARchive (JAR) files

·         Scripts needed to start Hadoop

·         Source code, documentation and a contribution section

Activities performed on Big Data:

·         Store – Big data need to be collected in a seamless repository, and it is not necessary to store in a single physical database.

·         Process – The process becomes more tedious than traditional one in terms of cleansing, enriching, calculating, transforming, and running algorithms.

·         Access – There is no business sense of it at all when the data cannot be searched, retrieved easily, and can be virtually showcased along the business lines.

Hadoop Distributed FileSystem (HDFS)

HDFS is designed to run on commodity hardware. It stores large files typically in the range of gigabytes to terabytes across different machines. HDFS provides data awareness between task tracker and job tracker. The job tracker schedules map or reduce jobs to task trackers with awareness in the data location. This simplifies the process of data management. The two main parts of Hadoop are data processing framework and HDFS. HDFS is a rack aware file system to handle data effectively. HDFS implements a single-writer, multiple-reader model and supports operations to read, write, and delete files, and operations to create and delete directories.

Assumptions and Goals

·         In case of Hardware Failure: A core architectural goal of HDFS is detection of faults and quick, automatic recovery from them.

·         Need Streaming Data Access: To run the application HDFS is designed more for batch processing rather than interactive use by users to streaming their data sets.

·         Designed for Large Data Sets: HDFS is designed in such a way that it tuned to support large files and it provides big aggregate data bandwidth and scale to many nodes in a single cluster.

·         Simple Coherency Model: HDFS applications need a write-once-read-many access model for files. A MapReduce application or a web crawler application fits perfectly with this model.

·         Portability Issues: HDFS has been designed to be easily portable from one platform to another Across Heterogeneous Hardware and Software Platforms.

Data Processing Framework & MapReduce

The data processing framework is the tool used to process the data and it is a Java based system known as MapReduce. People get crazy when they work with it.

 JobTracker and TaskTracker: the MapReduce Engine

Job Tracker Master handles the data, which comes from the MapReduce. Then it assigns tasks to workers, manages the entire process, monitors the tasks, and handles the failures if any. The JobTracker drives work out to available TaskTracker nodes in the cluster, striving to keep the work as close to the data as possible. As Job Tracker knows the architecture with all steps that has to be followed in this way, it reduces the network traffic by streamlining the racks and their respective nodes.

Scattered Across the Cluster

Here, the data is distributed on different machines and the work trends is also divided out in such a way that data processing software is housed on the another server. On a Hardtop cluster, the data stored within HDFS and the MapReduce system are housed on each machine in the cluster to add redundancy to the system and speeds information retrieval while data processing.

Cloud Brusting:

The private cloud journey will fall into line well using the enterprise wide analyticalrequirementshighlighted in this research, but executives must make sure that workloadassessments are carried outrigorously understanding that risk is mitigated wherefeasible.

What is Big Data Analytics?

Big data is massive and messy, and it’s coming at you uncontrolled. Data are gathered to be analyzed to discover patterns and correlations that could not be initially apparent, but might be useful in making business decisions in an organization.  These data are often personal data, which are useful from a marketing viewpoint to understand the desires and demands of potential customers and in analyzing and predicting their buying tendencies.

Organizational Architecture Need for an Enterprise: You can benefit by the enterprise architecture that scales effectively with development – and the rise of Big Data analytics means that this issue required to be addressed more urgently. IDC believes that these below use cases can be best mapped out across two of the Big Data dimensions – namely velocity and variety as outlined below.

 Put Big Data Value in the Hands of Analysts

·         Business Inefficiencies Identified: Let analysts to view end-to-end processing of business transactions in an organization

·         Business Inefficiencies Rectified: Let analysts to rectify end-to-end processing of business transactions in an organization

·         Knowledge Enhancement: Provide the analyst team additional operational and business context

·         Store Terabytes of Data: Provide analysts visibility into the whole infrastructure

·         Enable More Data Usages: Cartel device, system, and application data to bring business operational views of IT professionals in an organization.

·         Enhance Value: Pinpoint and implement newfangled opportunities that would otherwise be impossible to view and act upon

How Can You Categorize the Personal Data?

This can be categorized as volunteered data, Observed data, and Inferred data. For any enterprise to succeed in driving value from big data, volume, variety, and velocity have to be addressed in parallel.

Engineering Big Data Platforms

Big data platforms need to operate and process data at a scale that leaves little room for mistake. Big data clusters should be designed for speed, scale, and efficiency. Many businesses venturing into big data don’t have knowledge building and operating hardware and software, however, many are now confronted with that prospect. Platform consciousness enterprises will boost their productivity and churn out good results with big data.

Optimize Aspects of Business

Many enterprises are operating their businesses without any prior optimization of accurate risk analysis. Therefore, more risk analysis is required to tackle these challenges. There is a continuum of risk between aversion and recklessness, which is needed to be optimized. To some extent, risk can be averse but BI strategies can be a wonderful tool to mitigate the risk.

For handling big data, companies need to revamp their data centers, computing systems and their existing infrastructure. Be prepared for the next generation of data handling challenges and equip your organization with the latest tools and technologies to get an edge over your competitors.

Roles and Responsibilities of Big Data Professionals

Big Data professionals work dedicatedly on highly scalable and extensible platform that provides all services like gathering, storing, modeling, and analyzing massive data sets from multiple channels, mitigation of data sets, filtering and IVR, social media, chats interactions and messaging at one go. The major duties include project scheduling, design, implementation and coordination, design and develop new components of the big data platform, define and refine the big data platform, understanding the architecture, research and experiment with emerging technologies, and establish and reinforce disciplined software development processes.

Why to optimize Internet-scale platforms?

To meet up with high level of performance Internet-scale must be operated accordingly. It is important to optimize the complexity, intersection of operations, economics, and architecture. Enterprises wanted to get advantage of Big Data will fall in the internet-scale expectations of their employees, vendors, and platform on which the data is handled. A mammoth of infrastructure is needed to handle big data platforms; a single Hadoop cluster with serious punch consists of racks of servers and switches to get the bales of data onto the cluster. In this way, Internet-scale platforms are optimized to get maximum productivity and making the most of the resources fully utilized.

Dynamics of the Data Environment

A number of ecosystem elements must be in place to turn data into and economical tool. A strategic mechanism is needed to be developed to ensure adequate user privacy and security for these mobile generated data. To maximize the impact similar models could be created in the mobile ecosystem and the data generated through them.

Better Data Usages: Lessen Information Gap

Enterprises are feeling the heat of big data and they are stated to cope up with this disaster. There are two primary ways to make the Big data gathered by mobile device usage can spur effective are:

·         Reduces the time lag between the start of a trend

·         Reduces the knowledge gap about how people respond to these trends.

Breaking through Silos

Silos are a result of hierarchies of the organization, which require organizing people into economically effective groups. Data silos become a barrier that impedes decision-making and organizational performance. Enterprises are facing many challenges to glean insight with Big Data Analytics that trapped in the data silos exist across business operations. Through the effective handling of big data can stymie data silos and the enterprise can leverage available data into emerging customer trends or market shifts for insights and productivity.

Big Data: Big Benefits

Tremendous opportunities are there with big data as the challenges. Enterprises that are mastered in handling big data are reaping the huge chunk of profits in comparison to their competitors. The research shows that the companies, who has been taking initiatives through data directed decision making fourfold boost in their productivity; the proper use of big data goes beyond the traditional thinking like gathering and analyzing; it requires a long perspective how to make the crucial decision based on Big Data.

[a-zhomework]

Human Resource Management-3

Online Assignment - A

1. Differentiate HRM and HRD. 2. Define human resource audit. 3. Why human resource planning is important? 4. What is Induction Programme? 5. Write a short note on simulated training. 6. Define Knowledge management. 7. Define compensation management. 8. 'What are the stages in career development?

Case Study for amity distance learning

Mr. Kumar Nidhi has been working as a manager (Credit Appraisal) in State Bank of Mysore since, 1990. He got first rank in his M.A. from Karnataka University in 1989. He rose from Officer-Grade IV to Officer-Grade I in a short span of 10 years. Personnel records of the bank shows that he is an efficient manager in Agricultural Credit, Industrial Credit and Credit to small business etc. The bank is planning to computerise the project appraisal department. In this connection, Mr. Kumar Nidhi was asked to take training in computer operations. But he was quite reluctant to undergo training. Q1. Why was Mr. Kumar Nidhi reluctant to undergo training? Discuss. Q2. What is job rotation? Q3. What are the determinants of learning from this case? ? Assignment C Q1. ________ are the resources that provide utility value to all other resources. a. Men b. Material c. Money d. Machinery Q2. The term procurement stands for a. recruitment and selection b. training and development c. pay and benefits d. health and safety Q3. The characteristics of human resources are ________ in nature a. homogeneous b. heterogeneous c. ductility d. None of the above Q4. Identify the managerial function out of the following functions of HR managers. a. procurement b. development c. organizing d. performance appraisal Q5. Which of the following is an example of operative function of HR managers? a. planning b. organizing c. procurement d. controlling Q6. The scope of human resource management includes a. procurement b. development c. compensation d. All of the above Q7. Human resource management is normally ________ in nature. a. proactive b. reactive c. combative d. None of the above Q8. The human resource management functions aim at a. ensuring that the human resources possess adequate capital, tool, equipment and material to perform the job successfully b. helping the organization deal with its employees in different stages of employment c. improving an organization's creditworthiness among financial institutions d. None of the above Q9. Which of the following aptly describes the role of line managers and staff advisors, namely HR professionals? a. Staff advisors focus more on developing HR programmes while line managers are more involved in the implementation of those programmes. b. Line managers are concerned more about developing HR programmes whereas staff advisors are more involved in implementing such programmes. c. Staff advisors are solely responsible for developing, implementing and evaluating the HR programmes while line managers are not all involved in any matters concerning HR. d. Line managers alone are responsible for developing, implementing and evaluating the HR programmes while staff advisors are not all involved in any matters concerning HR. Q10. In strategic human resource management, HR strategies are generally aligned with a. business strategy b. marketing strategies c. finance strategy d. economic strategy Q11. Which of the following is closely associated with strategic human resource management? a. efficient utilization of human resources b. attracting the best human resources c. providing the best possible training d. All of the above Q12. Treating employees as precious human resources is the basis of the _______ approach. a. hard HRM b. soft HRM c. medium HRM d. None of the above Q13. Strategic human resource management aims to achieve competitive advantage in the market through a. price b. product c. people d. process Q14. Wright and Snell made important contribution to the growth of a. Strategic fit model b. Strategic labour allocation process model c. Business-oriented model d. None of the above Q15. Strategic management process usually consists of _______ steps. a. Four b. Five c. Six d. Seven Q16. One of the components of corporate level strategy is a. growth strategy b. portfolio strategy c. parenting strategy d. All of the above Q17. Creating an environment that facilitates a continuous and two-way exchange of information between the superiors and the subordinates is the core of a. High involvement management model b. High commitment management model c. High performance management model d. None of the above Q18. Which one of the following is not a part of the external environment of an organization? a. social factors b. political factors c. legal factors d. organizational culture Q19. Identify the odd one out of the following factors a. organizational structure b. HR systems c. business strategy d. technology Q20. The first recorded human resource management initiative was made during a. the pre-industrial revolution era b. the First World War era c. the Second World War era d. None of the above Q21. What is the most important contribution of the Hawthorne studies? a. the discovery of the informal relationship and social groups among employees b. the significance of lighting and ventilation for performance c. the difference in the performance of male and female employees d. the relationship between the behaviour and performance Q22. The term environmental scanning stands for a. gathering data about the organization and its surroundings b. collecting information about the shareholders c. gathering information relating to the employees d. none of the above Q23. McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y was introduced during a. the First World War` b. the Industrial revolution c. the Second World War d. the human relations movement Q24. One of the important assumptions of the ----perspective is that uncertainty in environment is more of an internal problem and less of an external problem a. objective environment perspective b. perceived environment perspective c. enacted environment perspective d. none of the above Q25. When an organization creates its own environment out of its knowledge of the environment, it has created a/an a. enacted environment b. perceived environment c. objective environment d. none of the above Q26. Job analysis is a process of gathering information about the a. job holder b. job c. management d. organization Q27. The final process of a job analysis is the preparation of two statements, namely, a. job observation and job description b. job specification and job observation c. job description and job specification d. None of the above Q28. Which of the following terms is not associated with job analysis? a. task b. duty c. position d. competitor Q29. The process of bringing together different tasks to build a job is called a. job evaluation b. job design c. job classification d. job description Q30. The process of grouping of similar types of works together is known as a. job classification b. job design c. job evaluation d. job description Q31. The system of ranking jobs in a firm on the basis of the relevant characteristics, duties, and responsibilities is known as a. job evaluation b. job design c. job specification d. job description Q32. The written statement of the findings of job analysis is called a. job design b. job classification c. job description d. job evaluation Q33. A structured questionnaire method for collecting data about the personal qualities of employees is called a. functional job analysis b. management position description questionnaire c. work profiling system d. none of the above Q34. The model that aims at measuring the degree of each essential ability required for performing the job effectively is known as a. Fleishman Job Analysis System b. common metric questionnaire c. management position description questionnaire d. functional job analysis Q35. The method that depends mainly on the ability and experience of the supervisors for gathering relevant information about the job is called the a. task inventory analysis method b. technical conference method c. diary maintenance method d. critical incident method Q36. Designing a job according to the worker's physical strength and ability is known as a. ergonomics b. task assortment c. job autonomy d. none of the above Q37. Which of the following is not a component of job design? a. job enrichment b. job rotation c. job reengineering d. job outsourcing Q38. Moving employees from one job to another in a predetermined way is called a. job rotation b. job reengineering c. work mapping d. job enrichment Q39. The basic purpose of human resource planning is to a. identify the human resource requirements b. identify the human resource availability c. match the HR requirements with the HR availability d. All of the above Q40. The primary responsibility for human resource planning lies with a. HR Manager b. general manager c. trade union leader d. line manager Click to Post

[lynnelldenise-blog]

Mastery Journey Timeline

Full Sail University Masters in Media Design Timeline

1-Mastery: Personal Development and Leadership

́  Completing this course, I have already begun to apply concepts to obtain Mastery in my life. A few of these have included: Altering my thought process, and working to unveil my dimensional mind. My main goal then, is to make sure I am continuously expanding my mental capacity as I move forward through all of my upcoming classes.

́  Before the week of Jan 29th, 2017 ends, I will complete my goal from the beginning of the course to develop a snippet of my own instrumental and design a label for that snippet.

́  Reread over concepts learned from Robert Greene’s book titled Mastery. Each concept read, I will make a blog post on my Mastery Journal that reflects my insight, particularly concepts not discussed in class.

2-Defining Client Needs

GOALS

́  At the beginning of the course, I will choose close in my networking environment who is unfamiliar with my artwork, that would like me to create or design and image for them. With this in mind, I would consider them my first client to apply what I am learning from the course to gain a general practice in how I can efficiently define my clients’ needs.

́  Improve my time management skills. As a result, I would push to make sure all of my assignments are turned in on time.

́  Use this class specifically as a “client” and work on ways to go beyond expectations for what is required. I would then, in return, have fulfilled all needs of the “client” and end the course with an A.

3-Brand Development

GOALS

́  Choose one business to focus on research and study in regards to how they began the company and what routes were taken to develop their brand, and how they decided their image for the company would look.

́  Continue to develop my own brand by encouraging more business moves, specifically by making an official brand logo and apply it to a business card.

4-Effective Copywriting

GOALS

́  Use skills learned to effectively copy write and advertise my own brand idea image efficiently.

́  Take one of my undergrad studio art projects that required multiple components to make the project a whole, and use that as a starting template to begin copywriting on.

5-Design Research

GOALS

́  Study topics that interest me in regards to media and the art industry including: artists, artist concepts, known methods, and well known products.

́  Become aware of the foundation of art and media design computer applications and programs.

́  Apply research concepts and innovations to my own designs and incorporate new methods to further develop my art style.

6-Organizational Structures

́ Reflect upon research developed in my previous classes to demonstrate necessity to be organized and remain organized, and to practice the nature enough to comfortably use in the professional realm.

GOALS

́  Consider where my time management abilities began and track the progress I have made up to this point. As planned, I will continue to turn in my assignments on time in effort to focus more on my quality of work.

́  Gather all of my retained work from undergrad and current designs, and categorize them by style and class requirements. I will then decide to choose amongst those art pieces to expand upon and develop further. Essentially, I would have created a web of art distinguished as a well organized portfolio.

7-Design Strategies

́ Teaches how to acknowledge expressive ideas which motivate good visual qualities and planning how to quickly reach this point.

GOALS

́ Focus strategies learned on all new potential clients.

́ Recall older work in efforts to recreate the pieces with new strategies learned.

8-Design Integration

́ Discover the base for me to work from when considering future design projects

GOALS

́  Create a basic template derived from seeing how all my other work has been styled and developed and use as primary starting point to creating designs.

́  Incorporate all knowledge gained up to this point into making the template as an effective source to go by.

9-Multiplatform Delivery

GOALS

́  1)Research and consider all programs used for designing logos and other media art related forms, as well as use and display formats for sketched images before the class begins. Once class begins, I am able to observe what forms I had known and others that did not occur to me.

́  2)Reflect on my studies as an undergrad and list what I have learned when it comes to how my images are presented to an art class and or an art gallery, and compare them to how my images are presented to potential clients as individuals and privately owned.

́  3)Prepare myself to be open to platforms that will be introduced to me, “reverting to a feeling of inferiority” referring to Greene’s 2nd Chapter in Mastery.

́ Taskàhttps://www.lynda.com/InDesign-tutorials/InDesign-CS5-New-Features- Overview/123425-2.html

10-Measuring Design Effectiveness

GOALS

The Process of Experiment X:

́  Using lessons learned from Design Strategies and Integration (Months 7-8) - Create 3 different designs of different contents yet the same style, and create a poll for those who like each piece, and those who do not.

́  Use those 3 designs as a starter map to reflect on original thought process to create the images, presentation of those images, and feedback, to study upon and improve, or change, the images.

́  Present the new developed images to a new selection of individuals for the poll, and consider the responses in relation to the previous toll. As a result, I would see first hand what modes have effected my work and how it is perceived. Along the way I will have used methods from this class to implement the true characteristics of effectiveness.

11-Thesis: Presentation of Design Solution

́  I will gain first-hand experience with presenting my idea to a professional audience. This will show me how to handle a given task in a professional manner and will also reflect on all coursework up to this point which backs my design idea.

́  Present my idea to 3 or more people who are of different professions before the dates that I intend to present my idea to the designated professional audience. This will allow me to receive feedback on style and contents of my idea, and make changes if necessary.

12-Professional Practice

GOALS

́  Apply my new professional skills to my personal life. Ultimately, wanting to obtain mastery in this field I would need to practice professionalism on a daily basis so that it naturally becomes who I am.

́  Gather a final portfolio for my Master’s Degree program and write an essay that reflects 3 art pieces that represent each third of the year as documentation to how much I have developed, my personal life over the past year with topics on who I started as to whom I have become, and to encourage others to progress and develop their own journeys as they witness my own transformation.

́  Create a template for the following year on what I need to accomplish by the end of that year.

Involvement Plans

́  Schedule time each month to visit art galleries/shows and, or music events.

́  Musicians who consider me for artistry, try to reason and encourage time to

visit with them in their studio sessions or moments of musical practice. ́ Used for time to discuss desired art and design projects as well as gain the

opportunity to see music production methods all in one.

́  Reach out to proposed mentors and leaders of the industry to consider apprenticeship opportunities or continued words of advice

PLN (Personal Learning Network) Development and Expansion

́  Following other leaders/media designers to understand their style of work and concepts behind their art. This would give me the ability to see different perspectives of art and its progression through time/keeping up with contemporary art work.

́  Continue to make sure my profiles such as LinkedIn, Instagram and Tumblr, are all up to date each week. All posts or updates will reflect my improvement or change in artwork, and my progression throughout my mastery journey.

Full Sail University Community Involvement

́ Austin Arts Collective ́ A group of people that support the visual arts in Austin, Texas. These include

artists of any expression (Watkins). ́ The Female Musicians of Austin Network

́ A group for female musicians to come together and network, exchange ideas, and even collaborate on projects. As females in a male dominated industry, they feel it is important to network together as a solidified voice to help empower one another to be better musicians (Josefina).

́ Black Student Union

́ Full Sail's Black Student Union works to address issues related to African-Dispora and the media, and promotes relevant community service opportunities. Their aim is to expand all people's social consciousness by promoting leadership and diversity (BSU).

Media Design Mentor Characteristics

́  Willing to coach me in every aspect of a media designer’s lifestyle

́  A level of understanding towards my lifestyle, habits, goals and experience

to express empathy yet, still push me to give my very best

́  Would consider themselves well developed in the industry with:

- A line-up of prior/current companies worked for and have gained an understanding of the companies’ demands and needs of the media designer.

́ - Well developed portfolio as proof of worthy work, discipline, organization, good time management skills, personal art/design growth (improvement of skills or change in style)

́ - Good knowledge of other artists in the industry and their art style as well as the “legends” and leaders

́  Encourages methods to use that allow me room for growth as well as a will, desire and understanding of the importance in satisfying current clients

́  Encourages decent work ethics such as good time management and organization.

[siva3155]

300+ TOP AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions and Answers

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions for freshers and experienced :-

1. What Is Spice? Where Was It Developed? The full form of SPICE is Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis.This is the widely used analog simulator, which was developed at electronics research lab of California University. 2. What Are The Three Tactical Elements Of Electronic Warfare? Electronic warfare has three main elements: ES – Electronic support – This has high passive acquisition intelligence about friend and foe EA – Electronic attack – that has passive and active denial of RF spectrum EP – Electronic protection - protects friendly personnel and assets by active and passive techniques. 3. What Are The Main Areas In Aviation? Artificial intelligence Aircrafts and parts Advanced materials, composites and specialty metals Computers, electronic components, and systems Fighters and attack aircraft Government defense policies and goals Lasers Navigation controls and guidance systems Ordinance and Military vehicles Computers, electronic components, and systems Aviation electronic/Avionics Robotics Satellites Search and detection equipments Strategic defensive initiative Sensors and instrumentation Ships Space vehicles and commercialization of space 4. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self­ employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PEs. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. In addition, they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam, which requires about 8 hours. 5. What is the Day­ to­ day Responsibilities Of Aerospace Engineering Each job profile even in aerospace industry differs from others. Mainly in aerospace, there are two branches or field. One is aeronautical and other is astronautical engineering. 6. What is the Differences Between Aeronautical Engineering And Astronautical Engineering Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles which operates in the atmosphere Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles operating in space. Aeronautical engineering works on tunnel tests, analyzing flight test data,manned space flights, planning future space missions, spacecraft operations,designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion system,computing optimum flight trajectories, developing communication systems for distance space probes and designing new rockets. Astronautical engineer includes designing power systems for spacecraft structure, developing communications systems for distant space probes, developing hardware skills for operations in spacecraft, designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion systems and computing optimum flight. 7. Does The Knowledge Of Mathematics Of Science Is Required To Get Into Aerospace Engineering? The basic understanding of Math is important, as it is not used at all the time during the course of aerospace engineering. One should have a basic understanding of mathematical definitions and knowledge on computers is very important as the computer programs will help in doing simple calculations and verify the results are reasonable. However, on the science front it is very important to have a very good understanding on various subjects like dynamics and mechanics in physics, strong emphasis on chemistry, electromagnetism. For a good engineer one should know how law of forces makes things happen. In addition, if you are good at physical sciences when opposed to life sciences like biology you will be a fit candidate for aerospace engineering 8. What Do You Understand By Aerodynamics/performance Analysis? Aerodynamics / performance analysis in military programs include responsibility like analyzing aerodynamics impacts which effects from external modifications, developing mission profiles based on requirements from the customer, performance data of the mission which includes take off and landing details, en route and mission data performance. Analyze the configurations using the dynamics, which are fluid and computational. Additional task may include support for wind tunnel planning for test flight. Documentation, test support, data analysis should be done on regular basis. Co ordination of aerodynamics with multi discipline teams and data should be provided for support flight management system or mission planning software. 9. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations, Dynamics, And Controls? People working on these areas as aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 10. What About Stress Analysis? People working on these areas as an aerospace engineer should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to conduct stress analysis on metallic and composite structures. NASTRAN, IDEAD, Oracle, and PATRAN proficiency level is required. Their duties also include on aircraft, which are metallic and composite structures. This includes and understanding of control surface stiffness and loop calculations, finite element modeling (FEM), fatigue testing requirement and analysis.

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions 11. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility, which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 12. How Would You Handle If Your Co-worker Were Not Cooperating With You? Talk to your co­-worker directly and explain him that you are having a problem working with him and make him understand the situation, if he is not willing to listen or not co­operating, then direct the issue to chief pilot. 13. What Would You Do If Your Captain Were Not Following The Instructions Properly? Refer to your plane manual, discuss the same with your client, and ensure you make him understand the procedures and rules. If he does not respond, you will call your concerned aircraft officer at the airport, escalate, and make sure your voice frequency is recorded. 14. When Can One Deviate From Any Flight Rules And Regulations? Chief Pilot in command can deviate from rules and regulations during emergency period; he can do it to get the plane back to the normalcy or to meet the expected requirement of the emergency. 15. What If You Loose The Medical Round Or Interview For Your Pilot Position? One should always have a career back up plan, incase if your medical examination results are not positive, you could get into training department for pilots, or you could pursue your interests from your previous experience or education. 16. What Are The Disadvantages Of Being In Aerospace Industry? The biggest disadvantage is that it is a relatively small field, and the number of companies in the field is getting smaller (lots of mergers between big companies in the news lately). In addition, this used to be a field where America had 90% of the market, but now foreign companies are catching up; this means that American companies are streamlining their organizations in order to be competitive. 17. What Interests And Abilities Would Help Some One As An Aerospace Engineer? Successful aerospace engineers need lots of curiosity, problem ­solving skills,organizational skills, written and oral communication skills, people skills (as in leading and participating in teams) and computer skills. There are no physical requirements; in fact, we have many engineers with disabilities and it is not an issue for their job performance 18. How Important Are Aeronautical Engineers To Today's Society? Aeronautical Engineers the aircraft people use for business and holidaying would not be in the sky, it cannot be contested that society depends heavily on travel via aircraft. Aeronautical Engineer will provide the solution to increase overall aircraft efficiency, thereby helping to drive down the levels of emissions current aircraft produce. Aeronautical Engineers also help put the satellites in to space, the satellites we rely on for weather information, geospatial­ mapping data, environmental monitoring, telecommunications, and research. Therefore, in answer to the aerospace engineering plays a major role in society, producing and developing a lot of the technology we rely on heavily 19. How Many Types Of Emergency Landings Are There And Explain? There are three types of emergency landings like: * Forced landing : This is a situation where Air Craft engine fails and Pilot is forced to land the plane in the nearest airport. * Precautionary landing : This is used when Pilot faces a problem due to severe weather conditions, or being lost in the air space traffic or due to lack of fuel or expecting an engine trouble. * Ditching : This is when where Pilot cannot avoid this situation but to just land on water, which is safer than air bound. 20. How Important Is To Get The Passengers Switch Off The Mobile Phones And Laptops During Land Off. What Could Be The Consequences? It is very important to check if laptop and mobile phones are switched off or not, as the consequences can be, bad.because interference of aircraft communication devices and electronic devices interfere with each other and there could be chances of not proper landing. Therefore, it is highly recommended electronic and communication devices should be switched off during take off and landing 21. How Would You Handle The Extreme Pressure During Emergency If You Know That Plane Is Not Safe And It Might Crash Any Time? Few professions demand you to be selfless, and our respective clients would be the most important thing, that is why customer service differs completely in such fields compared to other streams. For example, Doctors, Lawyers, Pilots these are the professions where employee saving your customer is the up most important thing. Therefore, as a Pilot we should understand our duties and responsibilities and will ensure that whatever panic situation we could be in, we will continue to deliver our duties until the end and ensure passengers are safe all times. Simultaneously I will own the full responsibility of landing the Air Craft safe and in the steady position. 22. Can You Miss The Clearance Limit And Loose The Commands From The Air Craft Officer? Yes, there is a policy and procedure to be followed for the missing clearance limit problem, so a Pilot can leave and reach a different altitude for sometime within the limit and should come back to the proper clearance limit once things are in control. This time limit is only as per the procedure in the manual. 23. You Are About To Take Off The Plane In Few Seconds And A Catastrophic Engine Fails, And Your Captain Tells You Not To Take Off And Just Stay In The Center Line. What Would You Do? Once the take off procedure has started, it is no longer safe to stop the plane from take off. Instead, it is better to continue with the take off and its best handled in the air. All certified aircraft under 25 can run without an engine and there is no problem related to it for take off or to for plane landing. It is actually far better idea to handle the problem in the air than to face the situation on the runway, when plane engine is in high speed. 24. Without Air Traffic Control, What Is The Minimum Descent Rate You Can Descend The Plane? A Pilot can descend up to 500 bare minimum, without informing the ATC (Air Traffic Controller) and this is only during an exceptional cases. However, it is always better to be in regular touch with the Air Traffic Controller and to keep him informed about the descent rate. This will not have any traffic problems during landing in the runway. 25. When A Pilot Is Assigned A Speed, How Much Can One Deviate From That Speed? Complying and following the actual speed adjustment policies, a pilot can run and indicate plus or minus 10 knots or 0.02 Mach number of specified speed. It is always better to keep the land air officer in the loop before adjusting the air speed. Exceptions are always there to meet the emergency requirement. 26. Are You Prepared For Unexpected Turbulence? Yes, given the proper training am confident that I will be able to handle the turbulence and will drive the plane in the correct altitude. 27. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 28. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations,dynamics And Controls? People working on these areas as a aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 29. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PE's. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. Also they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam which requires about 8 hours. 30. What Made You Choose Aerospace Engineer Line As Your Career? In aerospace engineering there are lots of interesting topics which include rocketry, aero planes, Lego's. As a school student I started sketching for future aircraft and space craft, military aircraft. I analyzed the importance of space travel, aviation history, and aerospace industry and hence decided to get into this field. AEROSPACE Engineering Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

[siva3155]

300+ TOP AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions and Answers

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions for freshers and experienced :-

1. What Is Spice? Where Was It Developed? The full form of SPICE is Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis.This is the widely used analog simulator, which was developed at electronics research lab of California University. 2. What Are The Three Tactical Elements Of Electronic Warfare? Electronic warfare has three main elements: ES – Electronic support – This has high passive acquisition intelligence about friend and foe EA – Electronic attack – that has passive and active denial of RF spectrum EP – Electronic protection - protects friendly personnel and assets by active and passive techniques. 3. What Are The Main Areas In Aviation? Artificial intelligence Aircrafts and parts Advanced materials, composites and specialty metals Computers, electronic components, and systems Fighters and attack aircraft Government defense policies and goals Lasers Navigation controls and guidance systems Ordinance and Military vehicles Computers, electronic components, and systems Aviation electronic/Avionics Robotics Satellites Search and detection equipments Strategic defensive initiative Sensors and instrumentation Ships Space vehicles and commercialization of space 4. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self­ employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PEs. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. In addition, they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam, which requires about 8 hours. 5. What is the Day­ to­ day Responsibilities Of Aerospace Engineering Each job profile even in aerospace industry differs from others. Mainly in aerospace, there are two branches or field. One is aeronautical and other is astronautical engineering. 6. What is the Differences Between Aeronautical Engineering And Astronautical Engineering Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles which operates in the atmosphere Aeronautical engineering deals with vehicles operating in space. Aeronautical engineering works on tunnel tests, analyzing flight test data,manned space flights, planning future space missions, spacecraft operations,designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion system,computing optimum flight trajectories, developing communication systems for distance space probes and designing new rockets. Astronautical engineer includes designing power systems for spacecraft structure, developing communications systems for distant space probes, developing hardware skills for operations in spacecraft, designing and testing robotic systems, developing new propulsion systems and computing optimum flight. 7. Does The Knowledge Of Mathematics Of Science Is Required To Get Into Aerospace Engineering? The basic understanding of Math is important, as it is not used at all the time during the course of aerospace engineering. One should have a basic understanding of mathematical definitions and knowledge on computers is very important as the computer programs will help in doing simple calculations and verify the results are reasonable. However, on the science front it is very important to have a very good understanding on various subjects like dynamics and mechanics in physics, strong emphasis on chemistry, electromagnetism. For a good engineer one should know how law of forces makes things happen. In addition, if you are good at physical sciences when opposed to life sciences like biology you will be a fit candidate for aerospace engineering 8. What Do You Understand By Aerodynamics/performance Analysis? Aerodynamics / performance analysis in military programs include responsibility like analyzing aerodynamics impacts which effects from external modifications, developing mission profiles based on requirements from the customer, performance data of the mission which includes take off and landing details, en route and mission data performance. Analyze the configurations using the dynamics, which are fluid and computational. Additional task may include support for wind tunnel planning for test flight. Documentation, test support, data analysis should be done on regular basis. Co ordination of aerodynamics with multi discipline teams and data should be provided for support flight management system or mission planning software. 9. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations, Dynamics, And Controls? People working on these areas as aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 10. What About Stress Analysis? People working on these areas as an aerospace engineer should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to conduct stress analysis on metallic and composite structures. NASTRAN, IDEAD, Oracle, and PATRAN proficiency level is required. Their duties also include on aircraft, which are metallic and composite structures. This includes and understanding of control surface stiffness and loop calculations, finite element modeling (FEM), fatigue testing requirement and analysis.

AEROSPACE Engineering Interview Questions 11. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility, which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 12. How Would You Handle If Your Co-worker Were Not Cooperating With You? Talk to your co­-worker directly and explain him that you are having a problem working with him and make him understand the situation, if he is not willing to listen or not co­operating, then direct the issue to chief pilot. 13. What Would You Do If Your Captain Were Not Following The Instructions Properly? Refer to your plane manual, discuss the same with your client, and ensure you make him understand the procedures and rules. If he does not respond, you will call your concerned aircraft officer at the airport, escalate, and make sure your voice frequency is recorded. 14. When Can One Deviate From Any Flight Rules And Regulations? Chief Pilot in command can deviate from rules and regulations during emergency period; he can do it to get the plane back to the normalcy or to meet the expected requirement of the emergency. 15. What If You Loose The Medical Round Or Interview For Your Pilot Position? One should always have a career back up plan, incase if your medical examination results are not positive, you could get into training department for pilots, or you could pursue your interests from your previous experience or education. 16. What Are The Disadvantages Of Being In Aerospace Industry? The biggest disadvantage is that it is a relatively small field, and the number of companies in the field is getting smaller (lots of mergers between big companies in the news lately). In addition, this used to be a field where America had 90% of the market, but now foreign companies are catching up; this means that American companies are streamlining their organizations in order to be competitive. 17. What Interests And Abilities Would Help Some One As An Aerospace Engineer? Successful aerospace engineers need lots of curiosity, problem ­solving skills,organizational skills, written and oral communication skills, people skills (as in leading and participating in teams) and computer skills. There are no physical requirements; in fact, we have many engineers with disabilities and it is not an issue for their job performance 18. How Important Are Aeronautical Engineers To Today's Society? Aeronautical Engineers the aircraft people use for business and holidaying would not be in the sky, it cannot be contested that society depends heavily on travel via aircraft. Aeronautical Engineer will provide the solution to increase overall aircraft efficiency, thereby helping to drive down the levels of emissions current aircraft produce. Aeronautical Engineers also help put the satellites in to space, the satellites we rely on for weather information, geospatial­ mapping data, environmental monitoring, telecommunications, and research. Therefore, in answer to the aerospace engineering plays a major role in society, producing and developing a lot of the technology we rely on heavily 19. How Many Types Of Emergency Landings Are There And Explain? There are three types of emergency landings like: * Forced landing : This is a situation where Air Craft engine fails and Pilot is forced to land the plane in the nearest airport. * Precautionary landing : This is used when Pilot faces a problem due to severe weather conditions, or being lost in the air space traffic or due to lack of fuel or expecting an engine trouble. * Ditching : This is when where Pilot cannot avoid this situation but to just land on water, which is safer than air bound. 20. How Important Is To Get The Passengers Switch Off The Mobile Phones And Laptops During Land Off. What Could Be The Consequences? It is very important to check if laptop and mobile phones are switched off or not, as the consequences can be, bad.because interference of aircraft communication devices and electronic devices interfere with each other and there could be chances of not proper landing. Therefore, it is highly recommended electronic and communication devices should be switched off during take off and landing 21. How Would You Handle The Extreme Pressure During Emergency If You Know That Plane Is Not Safe And It Might Crash Any Time? Few professions demand you to be selfless, and our respective clients would be the most important thing, that is why customer service differs completely in such fields compared to other streams. For example, Doctors, Lawyers, Pilots these are the professions where employee saving your customer is the up most important thing. Therefore, as a Pilot we should understand our duties and responsibilities and will ensure that whatever panic situation we could be in, we will continue to deliver our duties until the end and ensure passengers are safe all times. Simultaneously I will own the full responsibility of landing the Air Craft safe and in the steady position. 22. Can You Miss The Clearance Limit And Loose The Commands From The Air Craft Officer? Yes, there is a policy and procedure to be followed for the missing clearance limit problem, so a Pilot can leave and reach a different altitude for sometime within the limit and should come back to the proper clearance limit once things are in control. This time limit is only as per the procedure in the manual. 23. You Are About To Take Off The Plane In Few Seconds And A Catastrophic Engine Fails, And Your Captain Tells You Not To Take Off And Just Stay In The Center Line. What Would You Do? Once the take off procedure has started, it is no longer safe to stop the plane from take off. Instead, it is better to continue with the take off and its best handled in the air. All certified aircraft under 25 can run without an engine and there is no problem related to it for take off or to for plane landing. It is actually far better idea to handle the problem in the air than to face the situation on the runway, when plane engine is in high speed. 24. Without Air Traffic Control, What Is The Minimum Descent Rate You Can Descend The Plane? A Pilot can descend up to 500 bare minimum, without informing the ATC (Air Traffic Controller) and this is only during an exceptional cases. However, it is always better to be in regular touch with the Air Traffic Controller and to keep him informed about the descent rate. This will not have any traffic problems during landing in the runway. 25. When A Pilot Is Assigned A Speed, How Much Can One Deviate From That Speed? Complying and following the actual speed adjustment policies, a pilot can run and indicate plus or minus 10 knots or 0.02 Mach number of specified speed. It is always better to keep the land air officer in the loop before adjusting the air speed. Exceptions are always there to meet the emergency requirement. 26. Are You Prepared For Unexpected Turbulence? Yes, given the proper training am confident that I will be able to handle the turbulence and will drive the plane in the correct altitude. 27. What Is The Testing Done In Aerospace Engineering? The testing of small rocket engines and entails development by researching on aerospace. They are responsible to perform and experiment on laboratory facility which is dedicated to aerospace. One should be capable of solving problems by applying knowledge by solving problem of the research done. They will be working with technical team of researchers and they should have ability handle projects alone. 28. What Will Be The Responsibility Of The Spacecraft Operations,dynamics And Controls? People working on these areas as a aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modeling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to work in the areas of structural control, momentum control, line of sight (LOS), spacecraft mission design, control of space boards payloads, operational engineering. 29. What Is The Requirement To Become A Professional Engineer (pe) In The Field Of Aerospace? Professional Engineer license is required for people who aspire to go in as officially approved engineer. The design specification is done by self employed people or working in small business. General aerospace engineers work for government or for big companies and hence few people are not very keen on becoming PE's. To become a PE one has to pass an exam on fundamentals of engineering which takes alot of hours to gruel and work under a licensed PE for about four years. Also they have to grow through a principle and practice of engineering exam which requires about 8 hours. 30. What Made You Choose Aerospace Engineer Line As Your Career? In aerospace engineering there are lots of interesting topics which include rocketry, aero planes, Lego's. As a school student I started sketching for future aircraft and space craft, military aircraft. I analyzed the importance of space travel, aviation history, and aerospace industry and hence decided to get into this field. AEROSPACE Engineering Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

[ahbusinesstechnology]

TOGAF - Enterprise Architecture Framework

This article utilises useful knowledge from the subject to build an enterprise architecture framework for a practical case study based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology. based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology.

AusED Background

AusED legally established in Australia with some main characteristics including corporation, non-profit and educational institution that were related to using all human resources and organisational finance to develop education, particularly higher education in information technology (IT) field. In this field, AusED has a relationship with Australian Computer Society (ACS) defining the core framework of IT knowledge and skills of post-graduated IT course. AusED has four main business functions consisting of executive and operational management, sale and marketing management, courses delivery and special study centres in four different locations.

Phase A: Architecture Vision

In this step, TOGAF 9.1 and Archimate 4.0 were utilise to assist AusEd for developing an enterprise Architecture that leads the changes from the organisation’s business and information technology in future. This part is one of main components in Phase A that shows the key stakeholders of AusEd who engage and concern about vision. The definition of TOGAF standard is a Stakeholder Map matrix that represent in two main layers of Phase A consisting of enterprise goals (Appendix-H1) and enterprise concerns (Appendix-H2). a. Stakeholder concerns H1 represents a part of diagram, indicating five stakeholders (board director, operation managers, sale and marketing manager, course delivery manager and their customer as student) and their concerns, drivers.  Student satisfaction is identified as a shared concern of many stakeholders such as course delivery manager, board director and operation manager. Besides, stakeholder satisfaction can be pointed out into more detailed concerns, for example profitability. b. Enterprise goals In H2 diagram, there is more detailed information about how to achieve profitability by using principles. In order to obtain business goals, AusED utilises principles that assist them to direct to goals achievement in their educational activities. Principles have a role as cornerstones that direct organisation to meet its satisfactions as business goals (Greefhorst, & Proper 2011; Lam 2007; Lankhorst 2013).

Phase B: Business

In this Phase, the ArchiMate can illustrate and link AusEd organizational structure, products, services, functions, processes, and information (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). The Business Architecture gives the context for the Data, Application, and Technology Architectures. However, this report will focus on three main areas encompassing structure, functions and processes of AusEd. Baseline Organization Structure In order to understand AusED’s structure, ArchiMate language has given a definition of Organization viewpoint as a diagram (Jonkers, et.al, 2010).  This viewpoint illustrates the frame body of an internal organisation that include departments or other organisation entity in different location (Engelsman, Jonkers & Quartel 2011). It enables to be shown by utilising “a nested block diagram” or “organigram”. Identifying authority, competencies, and responsibilities within AusED are the common parts of this view. The organisational structure of AusEd is illustrated as “a nest block diagram” (appendix-H4). This diagram is very useful when provide core basic information of an organisation such as location, department and its business actors. AusED has a complex organisational structure in term of the locations. It operates their business in many different countries around Australia like Suva, Pt.Moresby, PNG, Sydney and New Zealand. Therefore this figure not only provides structural information, but also reduces the complexity in location as view perspective. Baseline Business Functions A business function categorises behaviour depending on a selection set of criteria, typically needs business resources, and/or competencies (Jonkers,  Quartel & Franken 2012). The significant business functions that AusED has used for operation located at front office, middle office, back office and home office (Appendix-H5). AusED established many special study centres in Suva, PNG, Melbourne and Sydney, which have a role as front office to provide many kinds of services. These services will support students when they go to these study centres. For example, vibrant hubs serve online students a place to contact home by phone. Besides, these places give students many supported functions such as accessing support form study groups and utilising resources and technology. These areas also offer different kinds of facilities encompassing, student computers and workstations; support staffs assist students’ enquiries, photocopying, scanning and printing facilities. For sale and marketing, AusEd has two departments in Suva and Pt.Moresby as middle offices that conduct sale and marketing activities including agent management and course promotion. Firstly, the organisation will create a relationship with intermediaries who are potential agent service to find new students for AusEd’s IT courses. Secondly, course promotion is marketing activities that assist the organisation to boost sale volume through promotion programs. AusED also decided head office in Darwin that has operational function as a back office to support main activities of this organisation including IT, administrative, accounting and human resources management.  AusED also has operated another part that is course delivery that focus on courses development and courses management. Course delivery relates to develop course material that are utilised in many different special study centres and others. Development activities include editing contents, translating and registering licence. The staff will work at home office in New Zealand and Australia. This layer structure draws detailed information related to core functions and how their interact together in each department. This very helpful to top managers to conducts strategic plan by identifying the core competencies, vision for structural development in the organisation (Greefhorst & Proper 2011; Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009). Baseline Business Processes:  (Admit new student, Enrol into units) An ordering of activities is the prominent component to group behaviour in an ArchiMate business process. It designs a defined group of products or services (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). These authors also have mentioned that a process architecture will illustrate the significant business processes and their relationships for its each step. In addition, the Business Process viewpoint often expresses “the high-level structure” and “composition of one or more business processes” by using graphical diagram. Therefore, in AusEd case study, there are selective main business processes of their operation including “admit new student” and “enrol into units”. The figures in appendix as H6 and H7 show the core business process in AusEd. These processes indicate their high level sub-processes such as confirmation of enrolment (CoE) authorising, payment handling and timetable arrangement.  CoE authorise is like contract between AusEd and student that confirms a finished admittance process. Payment handling is the process to express the way that student and AusEd interact through transaction activities. Timetable is a schedule of enrolled units when the enrolment of new units is complete. The arrangement timetable is very crucial service to assist student during learning process. Both of business processes are different from some steps, but the main core steps are similarity (Doest, et.al 2004).

Phase C: Application

Application Co-operation View: This viewpoint displays the connections of a number of applications or components. In terms of the information flows between these components, the dependencies, or the services are offered and used in the viewpoint (Doest, et.al 2004). It is typically utilise to design an overview of the application landscape of a firm. The Cooperation or orchestration of services are expressed in this viewpoint support together the execution of a business process (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). By designing a modelling interdepencies between services, applications are established in a more independent way in term of cooperation (Winter & Fischer 2007). In AusEd context, the block diagram (Appendix-H8) will show the applications system of each department offices and different specific applications are deployed and illustrate how they work together to support more specific functions of each department including front office, middle office, back office and home office. Baseline Information Systems Architectures The AusEd’s Data Architecture gives a description of the main links between its conceptual business objects and its logical data objects. The Information Structure viewpoint for this purpose is defined. The Information Structure viewpoint is fixed to the traditional information models designed and very common in the development of information system. The structure of the information that contains data types or class structures utilised many parts such as in the organisation or in particular business process (Lankhorst 2004).  Figure H10 in appendix describes a subset of the business objects that AusEd defines. Part of the student information is an enrolment file, which is composed of enrolment courses, enrolment units, enrolment policy, timetable unit arrangement, change enrolled units and student admittance. Many specializations of the enrolment policy object are identified, one for each type of enrolment that AusEd’s new student admittance. Business-Application Alignment (Application) – The Application Usage The Application Usage viewpoint gives a description how applications are utilised to assist one or more business processes, and how other applications connect them together (Doest, et.al 2004). It can be used when creating the services need by business processes and other applications or making business processes by identifying the available services. Moreover, it can be useful to operational managers who response for these processes (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). The Application Service concept has been concerned as a focal role in this viewpoint. Figure H9 in appendix displays a subset of the services that are given by the applications used by the Operational division of AusEd, and which of the sub-processes of the enrolment units from student and schedule arrangement process make use of which of these services. These sub-processes include payment and altering enrolled units.

Phase D: Technology

Baseline Technology Architecture – Infrastructure View The Infrastructure viewpoint includes the software and hardware infrastructure components assisting the Application Layer (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). For example, it has physical devices such as routers, servers, laptops, desktops, and networks. In addition, system software encompasses operating systems, databases, and middleware. AusEd’s main infrastructure components are categorized by different location and offices that are illustrate as an infrastructure diagram (Appendix – H12). Besides, this figure also describes the way that different networks and applications in departments interact and connect together and deployment of these devices and application in AusEd.

Change Scenarios –AusED Change Scenarios

Activity 1: Refined business goals and principles (Goal Refinement View): In AusEd scenario, a designer models the refinement of high-level goals into more concrete goals by using this viewpoint. This task includes giving the refinement of concrete goals into requirements or constraints that indicates the properties that are necessary to recognise the goals (Doest, et.al 2004). Furthermore, when designer models the refinement of goals into sub-goals, the aggregation relationship is used to illustrate and the refinement of goals into requirements uses the realization relationship (Lankhorst 2004). In AusEd context, the figure H3 in appendix will show how can achieve goals as the two main goals of AusEd including reducing operation cost by minimising none core operation activities and technology development by engaging to open source software, increasing income by extending educational service and improving reliability of student assessments. Activity 2: Target Application Landscape In this situation, there is unchanged in the business architecture whereas designers also indicate the way that the target architecture realizes the key business requirements in this structure (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). Thus, TOGAF specifies a Business Footprint diagram in order to approach this purpose. In ArchiMate, these authors have mentioned that Requirements Realization viewpoint is utilised to illustrate this purpose. In AusEd context, the figure H11 in appendix will shows the method that the business requirements of AusEd created in the vision phase are recognised by factors in architecture. For example, Moodle as an artifact realised general moodle system as an application component. Then, Moodle data access is realised by this component to sever two business processes including course delivery process and timetable arrangement. All of the realisations of these are recognised by the business requirements that are set in enterprise vision Phase as using open source application in order to reducing cost of technology development.    

Costs and benefits analysis for the enterprise architecture

In order to analyse benefits cost and project estimation, comparing an as-is EA model with the to-be EA model is a possible method (Czechowski, et.al 2011). This method is successful when conducting EA project in Coventry University as practical case study. From the method, EA models bring the best benefits after a comparing and analysis process. EA also can support AusEd to determine quickly the changes over four layers such as data, structure, business process and service. Besides, it assists AusEd to reduce the complexity within the organisation. To-be-EA framework helps AusEd to provide a more accurate estimation and identify the stakeholders can involve into estimation cost process. Moreover, AusEd can use some useful tools to support analysis process including functional analysis, quantitative analysis (Lankhorst 2013). Furthermore, according to Bucher et.al (2006), cost analysis matches cost to identifying EA entities and permits to calculate the financial influence from changing the architecture. These authors also have shown that the accompaniment analysis to cost analysis is the benefits analysis that point out a identification of how certain EA entities add into organizational goals and gain benefits for the organization.

Challenges and Recommendations

There are some challenges of conducting this report. Firstly, the validity of information is quite challenge related to this organisation because of a fictitious case study and complexity of the organisation. Hence, during creating EA model there are some assumptions that are made. Secondly, the task requires a teamwork rather than individual task. Therefore, the high workload of individual tasks was high so that led to conducting a brief report. It does not carry on the comprehensive EA model of the organisation. In order to copy this issue, the report needs more time extension and be conducted by teamwork.

Conclusion

Even though, the report is brief, it very useful to understand how to build EA model over ArchiMate language with TOGAF standard format and the benefits that EA model carries on within the organisation. Furthermore, it can see clearly the practical context that EA model and ArchiMate enable involve to. What do you think about EA model and the supported application? For detailed diagrams in appendix file: Download here

References

Bucher, T, Fischer, R, Kurpjuweit, S, & Winter, R 2006, “Analysis and Application Scenarios of Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory Study”, Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops. Czechowski, N, Padam, S, Anderson, I & Woodcock, C, 2011, JISC Enterprise Architecture and ArchiMate Project, Enterprise Architecture Evaluation Report - Coventry University. Doest, H, Iacob, ME, Lankhorst, M, Leeuwen, DV & Slagter R 2004, View- points functionality and examples. Technical Report TI/RS/2003/091. Engelsman, W, Jonkers, H & Quartel, DAC 2011, ArchiMate ® Extension for Modeling and Managing Motivation, Principles, and Requirements in TOGAFTM, White Paper, The Open Group. Greefhorst, D & Proper, HA 2011, Architecture Principles: The Cornerstones of Enterprise Architecture, Springer, Berlin. Jonkers, H, Band, I & Quartel, D 2016, ArchiSurance Case Study. The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Proper, HA & Turner, M  2009, TOGAF and ArchiMate: A Future Together. A Vision for Convergence & Co-Existence, Whitepaper, The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Quartel, D & Franken, H 2012, ArchiMate® for Integrated Modelling Throughout the Architecture Development and Implementation Cycle, White Paper The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Van den Berg, H, Iacob, ME & Quartel, DAC 2010, ArchiMate® Extension for Modeling the TOGAFTM Implementation and Migration Phases, White Paper, The Open Group. Lam, W 2007, Enterprise architecture and integration: methods, implementation and technologies, IGI Global, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2013, Enterprise architecture at work: modelling, communication and analysis, 3nd edn, Springer, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2004, Viewpoints Functionality and Examples, Telematica Institute. Lankhorst, MM, Proper, HA & Jonkers, H 2010, The anatomy of the archimate language, International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design (IJISMD), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-32. Winter, R & Fischer, R, 2007, “Essential Layers, Artifacts, and Dependencies of Enterprise Architecture”, Journal of Enterprise Architecture, vol. 1, no. 12, pp. 1–12. Read the full article

[ahbusinesstechnology]

TOGAF - Enterprise Architecture Framework

This article utilises useful knowledge from the subject to build an enterprise architecture framework for a practical case study based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology. based on some methods and tools. There are variety frameworks to develop enterprise architecture (EA) that depends on different kinds of support in their offers (Jonkers, Quartel & Franken 2012). This article will focus on an integration of TOGAF-ADM as a guiding method (Lankhorst 2013), and Archimate 4.01 as a modelling language (Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009) to design a specific model for an organisation in case study. In general, the main parts of this article encompasses an overview of AusED’ background, and the five first step of TOGAF model and theirs links with Archimate language as illustrating different graphic diagrams as view points in three main layers consisting of business, application and technology.

AusED Background

AusED legally established in Australia with some main characteristics including corporation, non-profit and educational institution that were related to using all human resources and organisational finance to develop education, particularly higher education in information technology (IT) field. In this field, AusED has a relationship with Australian Computer Society (ACS) defining the core framework of IT knowledge and skills of post-graduated IT course. AusED has four main business functions consisting of executive and operational management, sale and marketing management, courses delivery and special study centres in four different locations.

Phase A: Architecture Vision

In this step, TOGAF 9.1 and Archimate 4.0 were utilise to assist AusEd for developing an enterprise Architecture that leads the changes from the organisation’s business and information technology in future. This part is one of main components in Phase A that shows the key stakeholders of AusEd who engage and concern about vision. The definition of TOGAF standard is a Stakeholder Map matrix that represent in two main layers of Phase A consisting of enterprise goals (Appendix-H1) and enterprise concerns (Appendix-H2). a. Stakeholder concerns H1 represents a part of diagram, indicating five stakeholders (board director, operation managers, sale and marketing manager, course delivery manager and their customer as student) and their concerns, drivers.  Student satisfaction is identified as a shared concern of many stakeholders such as course delivery manager, board director and operation manager. Besides, stakeholder satisfaction can be pointed out into more detailed concerns, for example profitability. b. Enterprise goals In H2 diagram, there is more detailed information about how to achieve profitability by using principles. In order to obtain business goals, AusED utilises principles that assist them to direct to goals achievement in their educational activities. Principles have a role as cornerstones that direct organisation to meet its satisfactions as business goals (Greefhorst, & Proper 2011; Lam 2007; Lankhorst 2013).

Phase B: Business

In this Phase, the ArchiMate can illustrate and link AusEd organizational structure, products, services, functions, processes, and information (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). The Business Architecture gives the context for the Data, Application, and Technology Architectures. However, this report will focus on three main areas encompassing structure, functions and processes of AusEd. Baseline Organization Structure In order to understand AusED’s structure, ArchiMate language has given a definition of Organization viewpoint as a diagram (Jonkers, et.al, 2010).  This viewpoint illustrates the frame body of an internal organisation that include departments or other organisation entity in different location (Engelsman, Jonkers & Quartel 2011). It enables to be shown by utilising “a nested block diagram” or “organigram”. Identifying authority, competencies, and responsibilities within AusED are the common parts of this view. The organisational structure of AusEd is illustrated as “a nest block diagram” (appendix-H4). This diagram is very useful when provide core basic information of an organisation such as location, department and its business actors. AusED has a complex organisational structure in term of the locations. It operates their business in many different countries around Australia like Suva, Pt.Moresby, PNG, Sydney and New Zealand. Therefore this figure not only provides structural information, but also reduces the complexity in location as view perspective. Baseline Business Functions A business function categorises behaviour depending on a selection set of criteria, typically needs business resources, and/or competencies (Jonkers,  Quartel & Franken 2012). The significant business functions that AusED has used for operation located at front office, middle office, back office and home office (Appendix-H5). AusED established many special study centres in Suva, PNG, Melbourne and Sydney, which have a role as front office to provide many kinds of services. These services will support students when they go to these study centres. For example, vibrant hubs serve online students a place to contact home by phone. Besides, these places give students many supported functions such as accessing support form study groups and utilising resources and technology. These areas also offer different kinds of facilities encompassing, student computers and workstations; support staffs assist students’ enquiries, photocopying, scanning and printing facilities. For sale and marketing, AusEd has two departments in Suva and Pt.Moresby as middle offices that conduct sale and marketing activities including agent management and course promotion. Firstly, the organisation will create a relationship with intermediaries who are potential agent service to find new students for AusEd’s IT courses. Secondly, course promotion is marketing activities that assist the organisation to boost sale volume through promotion programs. AusED also decided head office in Darwin that has operational function as a back office to support main activities of this organisation including IT, administrative, accounting and human resources management.  AusED also has operated another part that is course delivery that focus on courses development and courses management. Course delivery relates to develop course material that are utilised in many different special study centres and others. Development activities include editing contents, translating and registering licence. The staff will work at home office in New Zealand and Australia. This layer structure draws detailed information related to core functions and how their interact together in each department. This very helpful to top managers to conducts strategic plan by identifying the core competencies, vision for structural development in the organisation (Greefhorst & Proper 2011; Jonkers, Proper & Turner 2009). Baseline Business Processes:  (Admit new student, Enrol into units) An ordering of activities is the prominent component to group behaviour in an ArchiMate business process. It designs a defined group of products or services (Lankhorst, Proper & Jonkers 2010). These authors also have mentioned that a process architecture will illustrate the significant business processes and their relationships for its each step. In addition, the Business Process viewpoint often expresses “the high-level structure” and “composition of one or more business processes” by using graphical diagram. Therefore, in AusEd case study, there are selective main business processes of their operation including “admit new student” and “enrol into units”. The figures in appendix as H6 and H7 show the core business process in AusEd. These processes indicate their high level sub-processes such as confirmation of enrolment (CoE) authorising, payment handling and timetable arrangement.  CoE authorise is like contract between AusEd and student that confirms a finished admittance process. Payment handling is the process to express the way that student and AusEd interact through transaction activities. Timetable is a schedule of enrolled units when the enrolment of new units is complete. The arrangement timetable is very crucial service to assist student during learning process. Both of business processes are different from some steps, but the main core steps are similarity (Doest, et.al 2004).

Phase C: Application

Application Co-operation View: This viewpoint displays the connections of a number of applications or components. In terms of the information flows between these components, the dependencies, or the services are offered and used in the viewpoint (Doest, et.al 2004). It is typically utilise to design an overview of the application landscape of a firm. The Cooperation or orchestration of services are expressed in this viewpoint support together the execution of a business process (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). By designing a modelling interdepencies between services, applications are established in a more independent way in term of cooperation (Winter & Fischer 2007). In AusEd context, the block diagram (Appendix-H8) will show the applications system of each department offices and different specific applications are deployed and illustrate how they work together to support more specific functions of each department including front office, middle office, back office and home office. Baseline Information Systems Architectures The AusEd’s Data Architecture gives a description of the main links between its conceptual business objects and its logical data objects. The Information Structure viewpoint for this purpose is defined. The Information Structure viewpoint is fixed to the traditional information models designed and very common in the development of information system. The structure of the information that contains data types or class structures utilised many parts such as in the organisation or in particular business process (Lankhorst 2004).  Figure H10 in appendix describes a subset of the business objects that AusEd defines. Part of the student information is an enrolment file, which is composed of enrolment courses, enrolment units, enrolment policy, timetable unit arrangement, change enrolled units and student admittance. Many specializations of the enrolment policy object are identified, one for each type of enrolment that AusEd’s new student admittance. Business-Application Alignment (Application) – The Application Usage The Application Usage viewpoint gives a description how applications are utilised to assist one or more business processes, and how other applications connect them together (Doest, et.al 2004). It can be used when creating the services need by business processes and other applications or making business processes by identifying the available services. Moreover, it can be useful to operational managers who response for these processes (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). The Application Service concept has been concerned as a focal role in this viewpoint. Figure H9 in appendix displays a subset of the services that are given by the applications used by the Operational division of AusEd, and which of the sub-processes of the enrolment units from student and schedule arrangement process make use of which of these services. These sub-processes include payment and altering enrolled units.

Phase D: Technology

Baseline Technology Architecture – Infrastructure View The Infrastructure viewpoint includes the software and hardware infrastructure components assisting the Application Layer (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). For example, it has physical devices such as routers, servers, laptops, desktops, and networks. In addition, system software encompasses operating systems, databases, and middleware. AusEd’s main infrastructure components are categorized by different location and offices that are illustrate as an infrastructure diagram (Appendix – H12). Besides, this figure also describes the way that different networks and applications in departments interact and connect together and deployment of these devices and application in AusEd.

Change Scenarios –AusED Change Scenarios

Activity 1: Refined business goals and principles (Goal Refinement View): In AusEd scenario, a designer models the refinement of high-level goals into more concrete goals by using this viewpoint. This task includes giving the refinement of concrete goals into requirements or constraints that indicates the properties that are necessary to recognise the goals (Doest, et.al 2004). Furthermore, when designer models the refinement of goals into sub-goals, the aggregation relationship is used to illustrate and the refinement of goals into requirements uses the realization relationship (Lankhorst 2004). In AusEd context, the figure H3 in appendix will show how can achieve goals as the two main goals of AusEd including reducing operation cost by minimising none core operation activities and technology development by engaging to open source software, increasing income by extending educational service and improving reliability of student assessments. Activity 2: Target Application Landscape In this situation, there is unchanged in the business architecture whereas designers also indicate the way that the target architecture realizes the key business requirements in this structure (Jonkers, Band & Quartel 2016). Thus, TOGAF specifies a Business Footprint diagram in order to approach this purpose. In ArchiMate, these authors have mentioned that Requirements Realization viewpoint is utilised to illustrate this purpose. In AusEd context, the figure H11 in appendix will shows the method that the business requirements of AusEd created in the vision phase are recognised by factors in architecture. For example, Moodle as an artifact realised general moodle system as an application component. Then, Moodle data access is realised by this component to sever two business processes including course delivery process and timetable arrangement. All of the realisations of these are recognised by the business requirements that are set in enterprise vision Phase as using open source application in order to reducing cost of technology development.    

Costs and benefits analysis for the enterprise architecture

In order to analyse benefits cost and project estimation, comparing an as-is EA model with the to-be EA model is a possible method (Czechowski, et.al 2011). This method is successful when conducting EA project in Coventry University as practical case study. From the method, EA models bring the best benefits after a comparing and analysis process. EA also can support AusEd to determine quickly the changes over four layers such as data, structure, business process and service. Besides, it assists AusEd to reduce the complexity within the organisation. To-be-EA framework helps AusEd to provide a more accurate estimation and identify the stakeholders can involve into estimation cost process. Moreover, AusEd can use some useful tools to support analysis process including functional analysis, quantitative analysis (Lankhorst 2013). Furthermore, according to Bucher et.al (2006), cost analysis matches cost to identifying EA entities and permits to calculate the financial influence from changing the architecture. These authors also have shown that the accompaniment analysis to cost analysis is the benefits analysis that point out a identification of how certain EA entities add into organizational goals and gain benefits for the organization.

Challenges and Recommendations

There are some challenges of conducting this report. Firstly, the validity of information is quite challenge related to this organisation because of a fictitious case study and complexity of the organisation. Hence, during creating EA model there are some assumptions that are made. Secondly, the task requires a teamwork rather than individual task. Therefore, the high workload of individual tasks was high so that led to conducting a brief report. It does not carry on the comprehensive EA model of the organisation. In order to copy this issue, the report needs more time extension and be conducted by teamwork.

Conclusion

Even though, the report is brief, it very useful to understand how to build EA model over ArchiMate language with TOGAF standard format and the benefits that EA model carries on within the organisation. Furthermore, it can see clearly the practical context that EA model and ArchiMate enable involve to. What do you think about EA model and the supported application? For detailed diagrams in appendix file: Download here

References

Bucher, T, Fischer, R, Kurpjuweit, S, & Winter, R 2006, “Analysis and Application Scenarios of Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory Study”, Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops. Czechowski, N, Padam, S, Anderson, I & Woodcock, C, 2011, JISC Enterprise Architecture and ArchiMate Project, Enterprise Architecture Evaluation Report - Coventry University. Doest, H, Iacob, ME, Lankhorst, M, Leeuwen, DV & Slagter R 2004, View- points functionality and examples. Technical Report TI/RS/2003/091. Engelsman, W, Jonkers, H & Quartel, DAC 2011, ArchiMate ® Extension for Modeling and Managing Motivation, Principles, and Requirements in TOGAFTM, White Paper, The Open Group. Greefhorst, D & Proper, HA 2011, Architecture Principles: The Cornerstones of Enterprise Architecture, Springer, Berlin. Jonkers, H, Band, I & Quartel, D 2016, ArchiSurance Case Study. The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Proper, HA & Turner, M  2009, TOGAF and ArchiMate: A Future Together. A Vision for Convergence & Co-Existence, Whitepaper, The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Quartel, D & Franken, H 2012, ArchiMate® for Integrated Modelling Throughout the Architecture Development and Implementation Cycle, White Paper The Open Group. Jonkers, H, Van den Berg, H, Iacob, ME & Quartel, DAC 2010, ArchiMate® Extension for Modeling the TOGAFTM Implementation and Migration Phases, White Paper, The Open Group. Lam, W 2007, Enterprise architecture and integration: methods, implementation and technologies, IGI Global, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2013, Enterprise architecture at work: modelling, communication and analysis, 3nd edn, Springer, New York. Lankhorst, MM 2004, Viewpoints Functionality and Examples, Telematica Institute. Lankhorst, MM, Proper, HA & Jonkers, H 2010, The anatomy of the archimate language, International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design (IJISMD), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-32. Winter, R & Fischer, R, 2007, “Essential Layers, Artifacts, and Dependencies of Enterprise Architecture”, Journal of Enterprise Architecture, vol. 1, no. 12, pp. 1–12. Read the full article