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#otd 5 June 1341 – Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, son of King Edward III of England and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports was born (d. 1402) . . . #Royalhistory #Plantagenets #History #DukeofYork #princeEdmund #Britishhistory #d5jun #Monarchy #Royalty #historyinpictures #coatofarms #EnglishHistory #Plantagenet #MedievalHistory #medieval #Medievalperiod #medievaltimes #medievalage #OnThisDayInHistory #ThisDayInHistory #OnThisDay (at Langley) https://www.instagram.com/p/CPwKbGqn0x0/?utm_medium=tumblr

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On This Day In History

5 June 1296

Edmund Plantagenet (known as Crouchback) died aged 51

Edmund was born in London on 16 January 1245, a member of the House of Plantagenet, he was the second surviving son of Henry III of England & Eleanor of Provence.

◼ In 1265 he was granted all the lands of Simon de Montfort & from 1267 he was titled Earl of Leicester. In that year he also began to rule Lancashire, but he did not take the title Earl of Lancaster until 1276.

◼ His nickname, "Crouchback" (meaning "crossed-back"), indicating that he was entitled to wear a cross stitched into the back of his garments due to his participation in the Ninth Crusade. He had a reputation for being a ruthless & ferocious warrior.

◼ In 1271 he accompanied his elder brother Edward on the Ninth Crusade to Palestine. Edmund was loyal to his brother, Edward I, & frequently acted as an ambassador abroad.

◼ On his return from the Crusade of 1271–2 he seems to have made Grosmont Castle his favoured home & undertook much rebuilding there.

◼ Edmund's duty to the church included the foundation of a Nuns of Clara or Poor Clares nunnery at Minories, St Aldate's. In 1291, he paid for the establishment for the Chapel of Savoy, in memory of his mother, at St Clement Danes. Filial piety was part of the chivalric code of an honourable knight.

◼ He was a generous benefactor to the monastery of Grace Dieu in Leicestershire, & the nuns at Tarrant Crawford. He also helped establish a major Grey friars monastery at Preston. In 1281 he supervised the construction of Aberystwyth Castle for King Edward I to subjugate the Welsh. The next year he accompanied Roger Mortimer on campaign against Llywelyn, defeating & capturing the prince.

◼ He took an army to Bordeaux for his brother. Amongst the nobles was the Earl of Lincoln & 26 banneret knights. During the siege of Bayonne the English ran out of money, so the army melted into the countryside. Broken-hearted the warrior-prince Edmund Crouchback died on 5 June. His body was carried to England & was interred on 15 July 1296 at Westminster Abbey, London.

◼ Edmund married (1st) 8 April 1269 Aveline de Forz, the daughter of William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle & Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon. She died just 4 years after the marriage.

◼ He married (2nd) in Paris, on 3 February 1276 Blanche of Artois, widow of King Henry I of Navarre.

With Blanche he had three children:

▪ Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster & John of Lancaster.

Portraits - Miniature of Edmund with Saint George from an early 14th-century manuscript, & his Coat of Arms.

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